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Wils L, Yagmur M, Bellin N, Phelippe M, Chevalley A, Bodet C, Boudesocque-Delaye L. Innovative Alkanediol-Based Eutectic Solvents for Extracting/Pre-Formulating Dermatologically Valuable Free Fatty Acids from Spirulina and Porphyridium Cakes. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:281. [PMID: 38921592 PMCID: PMC11205152 DOI: 10.3390/md22060281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing demand for phycobiliproteins from microalgae generates a significant volume of by-products, such as extraction cakes. These cakes are enriched with products of interest for the cosmetics market, namely free fatty acids, particularly polyunsaturated (PUFA). In this work, two cakes, one of spirulina and one of Porphyridium cruentum, were valorized using innovative natural hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) based on alkanediols. The most promising NaDES, as determined by physicochemical properties and screening, are mixtures of alkanediols and fatty acids. These include the mixtures of 1,3-propanediol and octanoic acid (1:5, mol/mol) and 1,3-propanediol and octanoic and decanoic acid (1:3:1, mol/mol). Two extractive processes were implemented: ultrasound-assisted extraction and an innovative mechanical process involving dual asymmetric centrifugation. The second process resulted in the production of extracts significantly enriched in PUFA, ranging from 65 to 220 mg/g dry matter with the two cakes. The extracts and NaDES demonstrated good safety with respect to epidermal keratinocyte viability (>80% at 200 µg/mL). The study of their impact on commensal and pathogenic cutaneous bacteria demonstrated significant effects on the viability of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (>50% decrease at 200 µg/mL) while preserving Corynebacterium xerosis and Cutibacterium acnes. These results highlight the potential of valorizing these co-products using alkanediol-based NaDES, in a strategy combining an active vector (NaDES) and a growth regulator extract, for the management of cutaneous dysbiosis involving staphylococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wils
- UR 7502 SIMBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Mervé Yagmur
- UR 7502 SIMBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Nicolas Bellin
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France (C.B.)
| | - Myriam Phelippe
- Aqua Eco Culture, 7 Rue d’Armor Maroué, 22400 Lamballe, France
| | - Alia Chevalley
- Aqua Eco Culture, 7 Rue d’Armor Maroué, 22400 Lamballe, France
| | - Charles Bodet
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France (C.B.)
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Behzadnia A, Moosavi-Nasab M, Oliyaei N. Anti-biofilm activity of marine algae-derived bioactive compounds. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1270174. [PMID: 38680918 PMCID: PMC11055458 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1270174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A large number of microbial species tend to communicate and produce biofilm which causes numerous microbial infections, antibiotic resistance, and economic problems across different industries. Therefore, advanced anti-biofilms are required with novel attributes and targets, such as quorum sensing communication system. Meanwhile, quorum sensing inhibitors as promising anti-biofilm molecules result in the inhibition of particular phenotype expression blocking of cell-to-cell communication, which would be more acceptable than conventional strategies. Many natural products are identified as anti-biofilm agents from different plants, microorganisms, and marine extracts. Marine algae are promising sources of broadly novel compounds with anti-biofilm activity. Algae extracts and their metabolites such as sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidan), carotenoids (zeaxanthin and lutein), lipid and fatty acids (γ-linolenic acid and linoleic acid), and phlorotannins can inhibit the cell attachment, reduce the cell growth, interfere in quorum sensing pathway by blocking related enzymes, and disrupt extracellular polymeric substances. In this review, the mechanisms of biofilm formation, quorum sensing pathway, and recently identified marine algae natural products as anti-biofilm agents will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Behzadnia
- Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moosavi-Nasab
- Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Oliyaei
- Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhong J, Huang W, Zhou H. Multifunctionality in Nature: Structure-Function Relationships in Biological Materials. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:284. [PMID: 37504172 PMCID: PMC10807375 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8030284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern material design aims to achieve multifunctionality through integrating structures in a diverse range, resulting in simple materials with embedded functions. Biological materials and organisms are typical examples of this concept, where complex functionalities are achieved through a limited material base. This review highlights the multiscale structural and functional integration of representative natural organisms and materials, as well as biomimetic examples. The impact, wear, and crush resistance properties exhibited by mantis shrimp and ironclad beetle during predation or resistance offer valuable inspiration for the development of structural materials in the aerospace field. Investigating cyanobacteria that thrive in extreme environments can contribute to developing living materials that can serve in places like Mars. The exploration of shape memory and the self-repairing properties of spider silk and mussels, as well as the investigation of sensing-actuating and sensing-camouflage mechanisms in Banksias, chameleons, and moths, holds significant potential for the optimization of soft robot designs. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of mussel and gecko adhesion mechanisms can have a profound impact on medical fields, including tissue engineering and drug delivery. In conclusion, the integration of structure and function is crucial for driving innovations and breakthroughs in modern engineering materials and their applications. The gaps between current biomimetic designs and natural organisms are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.Z.); (H.Z.)
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Elderderi S, Bonnier F, Perse X, Byrne HJ, Yvergnaux F, Chourpa I, Elbashir AA, Munnier E. Label-Free Quantification of Nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters in Cosmetic Hydrogels Using Raman Spectroscopy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1571. [PMID: 37376021 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a well-established technique for the molecular characterisation of samples and does not require extensive pre-analytical processing for complex cosmetic products. As an illustration of its potential, this study investigates the quantitative performance of Raman spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the analysis of Alginate nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters (ANC-PE) incorporated into a hydrogel. A total of 96 ANC-PE samples covering a 0.4% w/w-8.3% w/w PE concentration range have been prepared and analysed. Despite the complex formulation of the sample, the spectral features of the PE can be detected and used to quantify the concentrations. Using a leave-K-out cross-validation approach, samples were divided into a training set (n = 64) and a test set, samples that were previously unknown to the PLSR model (n = 32). The root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) and prediction (RMSEP) was evaluated to be 0.142% (w/w PE) and 0.148% (w/w PE), respectively. The accuracy of the prediction model was further evaluated by the percent relative error calculated from the predicted concentration compared to the true value, yielding values of 3.58% for the training set and 3.67% for the test set. The outcome of the analysis demonstrated the analytical power of Raman to obtain label-free, non-destructive quantification of the active cosmetic ingredient, presently PE, in complex formulations, holding promise for future analytical quality control (AQC) applications in the cosmetics industry with rapid and consumable-free analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suha Elderderi
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, P.O. Box 20, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan
| | - Franck Bonnier
- LVMH Recherche, 185 Avenue de Verdun, 45804 Saint Jean de Braye, France
| | - Xavier Perse
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, TU Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, D08 CKP1 Dublin 8, Ireland
| | | | - Igor Chourpa
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Abdalla A Elbashir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 321, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | - Emilie Munnier
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
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The Use of Proteins, Lipids, and Carbohydrates in the Management of Wounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041580. [PMID: 36838568 PMCID: PMC9959646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that skin has a stronger potential to regenerate than other tissues, wounds have become a serious healthcare issue. Much effort has been focused on developing efficient therapeutical approaches, especially biological ones. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the wound healing process, the classification of wounds, and the particular characteristics of each phase of the repair process. We also highlight characteristics of the normal process and those involved in impaired wound healing, specifically in the case of infected wounds. The treatments discussed here include proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Proteins are important actors mediating interactions between cells and between them and the extracellular matrix, which are essential interactions for the healing process. Different strategies involving biopolymers, blends, nanotools, and immobilizing systems have been studied against infected wounds. Lipids of animal, mineral, and mainly vegetable origin have been used in the development of topical biocompatible formulations, since their healing, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties are interesting for wound healing. Vegetable oils, polymeric films, lipid nanoparticles, and lipid-based drug delivery systems have been reported as promising approaches in managing skin wounds. Carbohydrate-based formulations as blends, hydrogels, and nanocomposites, have also been reported as promising healing, antimicrobial, and modulatory agents for wound management.
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Wils L, Yagmur M, Phelippe M, Montigny B, Clément-Larosière B, Jacquemin J, Boudesocque-Delaye L. Alternative Solvents for the Biorefinery of Spirulina: Impact of Pretreatment on Free Fatty Acids with High Added Value. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20100600. [PMID: 36286424 PMCID: PMC9605531 DOI: 10.3390/md20100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing demand for molecules of interest from microalgal biomass, such as phycobiliproteins, has led to an accumulation of unused by-products. For example, phycocyanin, obtained by the extraction of Spirulina, generated cakes rich in non-polar molecules of interest, such as free fatty acids (FFAs). These FFAs were generally considered as markers of lipidome degradation, but represented a relevant alternative to topical antibiotics, based on a biomimetic approach. In order to develop a sustainable Spirulina biorefinery scheme, different pretreatments and alternative solvents were screened to identify the best combination for the valorization of FFAs. Thus, five pre-treatments were studied including a phycocyanin extraction by-product. The following three biobased solvents were selected: ethyl acetate (EtOAc), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and a fatty acid-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES). The pigment and fatty acid profiles were established by spectroscopic and chromatographic approaches. NaDES demonstrated superior extraction capacity and selectivity compared to other biobased solvents, regardless of pretreatment. In contrast, EtOAc and DMC showed a greater diversity of FFAs, with a predominance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The by-product has also been highlighted as a relevant raw material facilitating the recovery of FFAs. These results pave the way for a green biorefinery of the lipid fraction and phycobiliproteins of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wils
- EA 7502 SIMBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Mervé Yagmur
- EA 7502 SIMBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Myriam Phelippe
- Aqua Eco Culture, 7 Rue d’Armor Maroué, 22400 Lamballe, France
| | - Bénédicte Montigny
- EA 6299 PCM2E, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Tours, Bât J, Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | | | - Johan Jacquemin
- MSN Department Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye
- EA 7502 SIMBA, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33(0)2-4736-7175
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7
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Ikeda IK, Sydney EB, Sydney ACN. The potential application of
Spirulina
in dermatology. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4205-4214. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Potocki L, Oklejewicz B, Kuna E, Szpyrka E, Duda M, Zuczek J. Application of Green Algal Planktochlorella nurekis Biomasses to Modulate Growth of Selected Microbial Species. Molecules 2021; 26:4038. [PMID: 34279376 PMCID: PMC8271779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As microalgae are producers of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, pigments, vitamins and unique secondary metabolites, microalgal biotechnology has gained attention in recent decades. Microalgae can be used for biomass production and to obtain biotechnologically important products. Here, we present the application of a method of producing a natural, biologically active composite obtained from unicellular microalgae of the genus Planktochlorella sp. as a modulator of the growth of microorganisms that can be used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries by exploiting the phenomenon of photo-reprogramming of metabolism. The combination of red and blue light allows the collection of biomass with unique biochemical profiles, especially fatty acid composition (Patent Application P.429620). The ethanolic and water extracts of algae biomass inhibited the growth of a number of pathogenic bacteria, namely Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus PCM 458, Streptococcus pyogenes PCM 2318, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli PCM 2209 and Candida albicans ATCC 14053. The algal biocomposite obtained according to our procedure can be used also as a prebiotic supplement. The presented technology may allow the limitation of the use of antibiotics and environmentally harmful chemicals commonly used in preparations against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli or Candida spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Potocki
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Bernadetta Oklejewicz
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Kuna
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Ewa Szpyrka
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Duda
- Bioorganic Technologies sp. z o.o., Sedziszow Malopolski, Sielec 1A, 39-120 Sielec, Poland
| | - Janusz Zuczek
- Bioorganic Technologies sp. z o.o., Sedziszow Malopolski, Sielec 1A, 39-120 Sielec, Poland
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Wils L, Leman-Loubière C, Bellin N, Clément-Larosière B, Pinault M, Chevalier S, Enguehard-Gueiffier C, Bodet C, Boudesocque-Delaye L. Natural deep eutectic solvent formulations for spirulina: Preparation, intensification, and skin impact. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Juin C, Perrin F, Puy T, Bernard C, Mollichella ML, Girardot M, Costa D, Guillard J, Imbert C. Anti-biofilm activity of a semi-synthetic molecule obtained from resveratrol against Candida albicans biofilm. Med Mycol 2021; 58:530-542. [PMID: 31504755 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myz087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans can form biofilm on tissues and medical devices, becoming, in that case, less susceptible to antifungal agents. Treatment of candidiasis associated with the formation of C. albicans biofilms is restricted to echinocandins and lipid forms of amphotericin B. This study investigated the activity of micafungin and resveratrol modified molecule (EB487) against C. albicans biofilms. The anti-biofilm growth (Bgrowth) and anti-preformed biofilm (Bpreformed) activities of micafungin (0 to 3.94 μM) and EB487 (0 to 20.32 mM) were comparatively studied separately and combined, using XTT, flow cytometry and cell counts approaches. Concentrations causing 50% inhibition of the studied steps (IC50) were evaluated. When tested separately, IC50 Bgrowth was obtained for 4.8 mM and 0.13 μM of EB487 and micafungin respectively, and IC50 Bpreformed for 3.6 mM and 0.06 μM of EB487 and micafungin respectively. Micafungin used alone was not able to totally eradicate fungi. Micafungin combined with EB487 displayed synergistic activity (both anti-growth- and anti-preformed biofilm-activities). Optimal combination concentrations were EB487 (≤9.12 mM -strain ATCC 28367™ or ≤8.12 mM -strain CAI4-p), micafungin (≤0.05 μM for both) and caused a total eradication of fungi. Dose reduction indexes obtained using these concentrations were at least 9 (micafungin) and 3.2 (EB487) for both anti-biofilm growth- and anti-preformed biofilm-activities. Combinations indexes were consistently below one, demonstrating a synergistic relationship between micafungin and EB487 in these conditions. This study demonstrated the strong anti-biofilm activity of EB487 and highlighted its synergistic potential when combined with micafungin. EB487 is a promising semi-synthetic molecule with prophylactic and curative interests in fighting C. albicans biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Juin
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Flavie Perrin
- University of Poitiers, Institute of Chemistry, Materials and Naturals Resources of Poitiers, IC2MP, UMR CNRS 7285, University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Thomas Puy
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Clément Bernard
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Marie Laure Mollichella
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Marion Girardot
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Damien Costa
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Jérôme Guillard
- University of Poitiers, Institute of Chemistry, Materials and Naturals Resources of Poitiers, IC2MP, UMR CNRS 7285, University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Christine Imbert
- Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, 1 rue Michel Brunet TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
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Vieira MV, Pastrana LM, Fuciños P. Microalgae Encapsulation Systems for Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetics Applications. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E644. [PMID: 33333921 PMCID: PMC7765346 DOI: 10.3390/md18120644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are microorganisms with a singular biochemical composition, including several biologically active compounds with proven pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. These properties make microalgae an interesting natural resource to be used as a functional ingredient, as well as in the prevention and treatment of diseases, or cosmetic formulations. Nevertheless, natural bioactives often possess inherent chemical instability and/or poor solubility, which are usually associated with low bioavailability. As such, their industrial potential as a health-promoting substance might be severely compromised. In this context, encapsulation systems are considered as a promising and emerging strategy to overcome these shortcomings due to the presence of a surrounding protective layer. Diverse systems have already been reported in the literature for natural bioactives, where some of them have been successfully applied to microalgae compounds. Therefore, this review focuses on exploring encapsulation systems for microalgae biomass, their extracts, or purified bioactives for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes. Moreover, this work also covers the most common encapsulation techniques and types of coating materials used, along with the main findings regarding the beneficial effects of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Fuciños
- Food Processing and Nutrition Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (M.V.V.); (L.M.P.)
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12
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Gomes IB, Simões M, Simões LC. Copper Surfaces in Biofilm Control. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2491. [PMID: 33322518 PMCID: PMC7764739 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are structures comprising microorganisms associated to surfaces and enclosed by an extracellular polymeric matrix produced by the colonizer cells. These structures protect microorganisms from adverse environmental conditions. Biofilms are typically associated with several negative impacts for health and industries and no effective strategy for their complete control/eradication has been identified so far. The antimicrobial properties of copper are well recognized among the scientific community, which increased their interest for the use of these materials in different applications. In this review the use of different copper materials (copper, copper alloys, nanoparticles and copper-based coatings) in medical settings, industrial equipment and plumbing systems will be discussed considering their potential to prevent and control biofilm formation. Particular attention is given to the mode of action of copper materials. The putative impact of copper materials in the health and/or products quality is reviewed taking into account their main use and the possible effects on the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês B. Gomes
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Lúcia C. Simões
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
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Munnier E, Al Assaad A, David S, Mahut F, Vayer M, Van Gheluwe L, Yvergnaux F, Sinturel C, Soucé M, Chourpa I, Bonnier F. Homogeneous distribution of fatty ester-based active cosmetic ingredients in hydrophilic thin films by means of nanodispersion. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 42:512-519. [PMID: 32700394 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cosmetic films and patches are interesting forms to promote skin penetration of active ingredients as they ensure their long stay on the treated zone of the skin. Nevertheless, currently developed films and patches are most of all hydrophilic and are not adapted to the hydrophobic molecules. The aim of this study was to establish whether nanodispersion of fatty acid-based active cosmetic ingredients (ACI) could be a manner to introduce high concentrations of those ACI in hydrophilic films. METHODS Punica granatum seed oil hydroxyphenethyl esters (PHE) constitute a commercialized lipolytic cosmetic ingredient obtained by enzymatic conjugation of tyrosol to long-chain fatty acids and to enhance its skin diffusion. Nanodispersions of PHE were prepared by a green emulsion-solvent evaporation process and dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol films. Raman imaging coupled to multivariate analysis was used to study the distribution of PHE in the films. RESULTS Nanodispersions of PHE combined with antioxidant vitamin E and stabilized by Pluronic® F127 were successfully prepared. The nanodispersions show a spherical shape and a hydrodynamic diameter close to 100 nm. Raman images analysis with multivariate approaches showed a very homogeneous distribution of PHE nanodispersions in the films compared to free PHE introduced as an ethanol solution. CONCLUSION Nanodispersions of hydrophobic fatty acid-based ingredients seem to be relevant method to introduce this type of ingredient in hydrophilic film matrix. The co-suspension with vitamin E limits their degradation in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Munnier
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes (NMNS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge 37200, Tours, France
| | - Almar Al Assaad
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes (NMNS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge 37200, Tours, France
| | - Stephanie David
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes (NMNS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge 37200, Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Mahut
- Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures (ICMN), CNRS-Université d'Orléans, UMR 7374, 1b, Rue de la Férollerie, C.S. 40059, Orléans Cedex 2, 45071, France
| | - Marylène Vayer
- Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures (ICMN), CNRS-Université d'Orléans, UMR 7374, 1b, Rue de la Férollerie, C.S. 40059, Orléans Cedex 2, 45071, France
| | - Louise Van Gheluwe
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes (NMNS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge 37200, Tours, France
| | | | - Christophe Sinturel
- Interfaces, Confinement, Matériaux et Nanostructures (ICMN), CNRS-Université d'Orléans, UMR 7374, 1b, Rue de la Férollerie, C.S. 40059, Orléans Cedex 2, 45071, France
| | - Martin Soucé
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes (NMNS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge 37200, Tours, France
| | - Igor Chourpa
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes (NMNS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge 37200, Tours, France
| | - Franck Bonnier
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes (NMNS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge 37200, Tours, France
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14
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Tong X, Prasanna G, Zhang N, Jing P. Spectroscopic and molecular docking studies on the interaction of phycocyanobilin with peptide moieties of C-phycocyanin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118316. [PMID: 32344374 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The binding of C-phycocyanin (CPC), a light harvesting pigment with phycocyanobilin (PCB), a chromophore is instrumental for the coloration and bioactivity. In this study, structure-mediated color changes of CPC from Spirulina platensis during various enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated based on UV-visible, circular dichroism, infra-red, fluorescence, mass spectrometry, and molecular docking. CPC was hydrolyzed using 7.09 U/mg protein of each enzyme at their optimal hydrolytic conditions for 3 h as follows: papain (pH 6.6, 60 °C), dispase (pH 6.6, 50 °C), and trypsin (pH 7.8, 37 °C). The degree of hydrolysis was in the order of papain (28.4%) > dispase (20.8%) > trypsin (7.3%). The sequence of color degradation rate and total color difference (ΔE) are dispase (82.9% and 40.37), papain (72.4% and 24.70), and trypsin (58.7% and 25.43). The hydrolyzed peptides were of diverse sequence length ranging from 8 to 9 residues (papain), 7-12 residues (dispase), and 9-63 residues (trypsin). Molecular docking studies showed that key amino acid residues in the peptides interacting with chromophore. Amino acid residues such as Arg86, Asp87, Tyr97, Asp152, Phe164, Ala167, and Val171 are crucial in hydrogen bonding interaction. These results indicate that the color properties of CPC might associate with chromopeptide sequences and their non-covalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Tong
- Shanghai Food Safety and Engineering Technology Research Center, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Govindarajan Prasanna
- Shanghai Food Safety and Engineering Technology Research Center, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Shanghai Food Safety and Engineering Technology Research Center, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pu Jing
- Shanghai Food Safety and Engineering Technology Research Center, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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15
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Lemoine V, Bernard C, Leman-Loubière C, Clément-Larosière B, Girardot M, Boudesocque-Delaye L, Munnier E, Imbert C. Nanovectorized Microalgal Extracts to Fight Candida albicans and Cutibacterium acnes Biofilms: Impact of Dual-Species Conditions. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E279. [PMID: 32466354 PMCID: PMC7344943 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-related infections are a matter of concern especially because of the poor susceptibility of microorganisms to conventional antimicrobial agents. Innovative approaches are needed. The antibiofilm activity of extracts of cyanobacteria Arthrospira platensis, rich in free fatty acids, as well as of extract-loaded copper alginate-based nanocarriers, were studied on single- and dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Cutibacterium acnes. Their ability to inhibit the biofilm formation and to eradicate 24 h old biofilms was investigated. Concentrations of each species were evaluated using flow cytometry. Extracts prevented the growth of C. acnes single-species biofilms (inhibition > 75% at 0.2 mg/mL) but failed to inhibit preformed biofilms. Nanovectorised extracts reduced the growth of single-species C. albicans biofilms (inhibition > 43% at 0.2 mg/mL) while free extracts were weakly or not active. Nanovectorised extracts also inhibited preformed C. albicans biofilms by 55% to 77%, whereas the corresponding free extracts were not active. In conclusion, even if the studied nanocarrier systems displayed promising activity, especially against C. albicans, their efficacy against dual-species biofilms was limited. This study highlighted that working in such polymicrobial conditions can give a more objective view of the relevance of antibiofilm strategies by taking into account interspecies interactions that can offer additional protection to microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Lemoine
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Clément Bernard
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Charlotte Leman-Loubière
- Laboratoire SIMBA EA 7502, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (C.L.-L.); (L.B.-D.)
| | | | - Marion Girardot
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye
- Laboratoire SIMBA EA 7502, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (C.L.-L.); (L.B.-D.)
| | - Emilie Munnier
- Laboratoire Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes EA 6295, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France;
| | - Christine Imbert
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
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