1
|
Martínez-Díaz P, Parra A, Sanchez-López CM, Casas J, Lucas X, Marcilla A, Roca J, Barranco I. Small and Large Extracellular Vesicles of Porcine Seminal Plasma Differ in Lipid Profile. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7492. [PMID: 39000599 PMCID: PMC11242203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Seminal plasma contains a heterogeneous population of extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to characterize the lipidomic profile of two subsets of differently sized sEVs, small (S-) and large (L-), isolated from porcine seminal plasma by size-exclusion chromatography and characterized by an orthogonal approach. High-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for lipidomic analysis. A total of 157 lipid species from 14 lipid classes of 4 major categories (sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, and sterols) were identified. Qualitative differences were limited to two cholesteryl ester species present only in S-sEVs. L-sEVs had higher levels of all quantified lipid classes due to their larger membrane surface area. The distribution pattern was different, especially for sphingomyelins (more in S-sEVs) and ceramides (more in L-sEVs). In conclusion, this study reveals differences in the lipidomic profile of two subsets of porcine sEVs, suggesting that they differ in biogenesis and functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Martínez-Díaz
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Parra
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Christian M Sanchez-López
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Institute for Advanced Chemistry (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xiomara Lucas
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Àrea de Parasitologia, Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe, Universitat de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Roca
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Barranco
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Troisi A, Schrank M, Bellezza I, Fallarino F, Pastore S, Verstegen JP, Pieramati C, Di Michele A, Talesa VN, Martìnez Barbitta M, Orlandi R, Polisca A. Expression of CD13 and CD26 on extracellular vesicles in canine seminal plasma: preliminary results. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:357-366. [PMID: 37707657 PMCID: PMC10811140 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Canine seminal plasma is a complex fluid containing proteins, peptides, enzymes, hormones as well as extracellular vesicles that are involved in many physiological and pathological processes including reproduction. We examined the expression of the extracellular vesicles surface antigens Aminopeptidase-N (CD13) and Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26) by flow cytometry. For this study, third fraction of the ejaculate, from fertile adult male German Shepherd dogs, was manually collected twice, two days apart. FACS analyses revealed that CD13 and CD26 are co-expressed on the 69.3 ± 3.7% of extracellular vesicles and only a 2.0 ± 0.5% of extracellular vesicles express CD26 alone. On the other hand, 28.6 ± 3.6% of seminal EVs express CD13 alone. Our results agree with the hypothesis that CD26 needs to be co-expressed with other signal-transducing molecules, while CD13, can perform functions independently of the presence or co-expression of CD26. The results obtained in normal fertile dogs could represent physiological expression of these enzymes. Therefore, it would be interesting to carry out further studies to evaluate the expression of CD13 and CD26 on extracellular vesicles as biomarker for prostate pathological condition in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Troisi
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, Università Di Camerino, Via Circonvallazione 93/95, 62024, Matelica (Macerata), Italy
| | - Magdalena Schrank
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health Università Degli Studi Di Padova, Agripolis Viale Dell'Università - 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bellezza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Di Perugia, P.Le Gambuli, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Fallarino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Di Perugia, P.Le Gambuli, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sara Pastore
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy.
| | - John P Verstegen
- TherioExpert LLc. and College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Camillo Pieramati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Michele
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nicola Talesa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Di Perugia, P.Le Gambuli, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marcelo Martìnez Barbitta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy
- Integral Veterinary Reproductive Service URUGUAY (SRVI_UY); Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - University of Republic (UdelaR - UY), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - University of Republic (UdelaR - UY), Uruguay, Uruguay
| | - Riccardo Orlandi
- Tyrus Veterinary Clinic, Via Aldo Bartocci, 1G, 05100, Terni, Italy
| | - Angela Polisca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Di Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roca J, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Padilla L, Lucas X, Barranco I. Extracellular vesicles in seminal fluid and effects on male reproduction. An overview in farm animals and pets. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 246:106853. [PMID: 34556398 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanovesicles released by most functional cells to body fluids, containing bioactive molecules, mainly proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids having actions at target cells. The EVs have essential functions in cell-to-cell communication by regulating different biological processes in target cells. Fluids from the male reproductive tract, including seminal plasma, contain many extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which have been evaluated to a lesser extent than those of other body fluids, particularly in farm animals and pets. Results from the few studies that have been conducted indicated epithelial cells of the testis, epididymis, ampulla of ductus deferens and many accessory sex glands release sEVs mainly via apocrine mechanisms. The sEVs are morphologically heterogeneous and bind to functional cells of the male reproductive tract, spermatozoa, and cells of the functional tissues of the female reproductive tract after mating or insemination. The sEVs encapsulate proteins and miRNAs that modulate sperm functions and male fertility. The sEVs, therefore, could be important as reproductive biomarkers in breeding sires. Many of the current findings regarding sEV functions, however, need experimental confirmation. Further studies are particularly needed to characterize both membranes and contents of sEVs, as well as the interaction between sEVs and target cells (spermatozoa and functional cells of the internal female reproductive tract). A priority for conducting these studies is development of methods that can be standardized and that are scalable, cost-effective and time-saving for isolation of different subtypes of EVs present in the entire population of sEVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Roca
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lorena Padilla
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Xiomara Lucas
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Barranco
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, IT-40064 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ding Y, Ding N, Zhang Y, Xie S, Huang M, Ding X, Dong W, Zhang Q, Jiang L. MicroRNA-222 Transferred From Semen Extracellular Vesicles Inhibits Sperm Apoptosis by Targeting BCL2L11. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736864. [PMID: 34820370 PMCID: PMC8607813 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seminal plasma contains a large number of extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, the roles of these EVs and their interactions with sperm are not clear. To identify the important molecules affecting sperm motility in EVs, we analyzed RNA from seminal plasma EVs of boars with different sperm motility using whole-transcriptome sequencing and proteomic analysis. In total, 7 miRNAs, 67 lncRNAs, 126 mRNAs and 76 proteins were differentially expressed between the two groups. We observed that EV-miR-222 can obviously improve sperm motility. In addition, the results suggested that miR-222 was transferred into sperm by the EVs and that miR-222 affected sperm apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of EGFR, BCL2L11, BAX, CYCs, CASP9 and CASP3. The results of electron microscopy also showed that overexpression of miR-222 in EVs could reduce sperm apoptosis. The study of the whole transcriptomes and proteomes of EVs in boar semen revealed some miRNAs may play an important role in these EVs interactions with Duroc sperm, and the findings suggest that the release of miR-222 by semen EVs is an important mechanism by which sperm viability is maintained and sperm apoptosis is reduced. Our studies provide a new insight of miR-222 in EVs regulation for sperm motility and sperm apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqun Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenmin Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengna Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wuzi Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Li Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rodriguez-Martinez H, Martinez EA, Calvete JJ, Peña Vega FJ, Roca J. Seminal Plasma: Relevant for Fertility? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094368. [PMID: 33922047 PMCID: PMC8122421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seminal plasma (SP), the non-cellular component of semen, is a heterogeneous composite fluid built by secretions of the testis, the epididymis and the accessory sexual glands. Its composition, despite species-specific anatomical peculiarities, consistently contains inorganic ions, specific hormones, proteins and peptides, including cytokines and enzymes, cholesterol, DNA and RNA-the latter often protected within epididymis- or prostate-derived extracellular vesicles. It is beyond question that the SP participates in diverse aspects of sperm function pre-fertilization events. The SP also interacts with the various compartments of the tubular genital tract, triggering changes in gene function that prepares for an eventual successful pregnancy; thus, it ultimately modulates fertility. Despite these concepts, it is imperative to remember that SP-free spermatozoa (epididymal or washed ejaculated) are still fertile, so this review shall focus on the differences between the in vivo roles of the SP following semen deposition in the female and those regarding additions of SP on spermatozoa handled for artificial reproduction, including cryopreservation, from artificial insemination to in vitro fertilization. This review attempts, including our own results on model animal species, to critically summarize the current knowledge of the reproductive roles played by SP components, particularly in our own species, which is increasingly affected by infertility. The ultimate goal is to reconcile the delicate balance between the SP molecular concentration and their concerted effects after temporal exposure in vivo. We aim to appraise the functions of the SP components, their relevance as diagnostic biomarkers and their value as eventual additives to refine reproductive strategies, including biotechnologies, in livestock models and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-132-869-25
| | - Emilio A. Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (E.A.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Juan J. Calvete
- Laboratorio de Venómica Estructural y Funcional, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, C.S.I.C., 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Fernando J. Peña Vega
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Jordi Roca
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (E.A.M.); (J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kharazi U, Badalzadeh R. A review on the stem cell therapy and an introduction to exosomes as a new tool in reproductive medicine. Reprod Biol 2020; 20:447-459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
7
|
de Almeida Monteiro Melo Ferraz M, Nagashima JB, Noonan MJ, Crosier AE, Songsasen N. Oviductal Extracellular Vesicles Improve Post-Thaw Sperm Function in Red Wolves and Cheetahs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3733. [PMID: 32466321 PMCID: PMC7279450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) is a valuable tool for ex situ wildlife conservation, allowing the re-infusion and dissemination of genetic material, even after death of the donor. However, the application of AI to species conservation is still limited, due mainly to the poor survival of cryopreserved sperm. Recent work demonstrated that oviductal extracellular vesicles (oEVs) improved cat sperm motility and reduced premature acrosomal exocytosis. Here, we build on these findings by describing the protein content of dog and cat oEVs and investigating whether the incubation of cryopreserved red wolf and cheetah sperm with oEVs during thawing improves sperm function. Both red wolf and cheetah sperm thawed with dog and cat oEVs, respectively, had more intact acrosomes than the non-EV controls. Moreover, red wolf sperm thawed in the presence of dog oEVs better maintained sperm motility over time (>15%) though such an improvement was not observed in cheetah sperm. Our work demonstrates that dog and cat oEVs carry proteins important for sperm function and improve post-thaw motility and/or acrosome integrity of red wolf and cheetah sperm in vitro. The findings show how oEVs can be a valuable tool for improving the success of AI with cryopreserved sperm in threatened species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Beth Nagashima
- Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA; (J.B.N.); (M.J.N.); (A.E.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Michael James Noonan
- Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA; (J.B.N.); (M.J.N.); (A.E.C.); (N.S.)
- The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Adrienne E. Crosier
- Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA; (J.B.N.); (M.J.N.); (A.E.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Nucharin Songsasen
- Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Road, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA; (J.B.N.); (M.J.N.); (A.E.C.); (N.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alvarez-Rodriguez M, Ntzouni M, Wright D, Khan KI, López-Béjar M, Martinez CA, Rodriguez-Martinez H. Chicken seminal fluid lacks CD9- and CD44-bearing extracellular vesicles. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:293-300. [PMID: 31894881 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The avian seminal fluid (SF) is a protein-rich fluid, derived from the testis, the rudimentary epididymis and, finally, from the cloacal gland. The SF interacts with spermatozoa and the inner cell lining of the female genital tract, to modulate sperm functions and female immune responsiveness. Its complex proteome might either be free or linked to extracellular vesicles (EVs) as it is the case in mammals, where EVs depict the tetraspanin CD9; and where those EVs derived from the epididymis (epididymosomes) also present the receptor CD44. In the present study, sperm-free SF from Red Jungle Fowl, White Leghorn and an advanced intercross (AIL, 12th generation) were studied using flow cytometry of the membrane marker tetraspanin CD9, Western blotting of the membrane receptor CD44 and electron microscopy in non-enriched (whole SF) or enriched fractions obtained by precipitation using a commercial kit (Total Exosome Precipitation Solution). Neither CD9- nor CD44 could be detected, and the ultrastructure confirmed the relative absence of EVs, raising the possibility that avian SF interacts differently with the female genitalia as compared to the seminal plasma of mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alvarez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Services (BKV), BHK/O&G Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria Ntzouni
- Microscopy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (MEDFAK), Core Facility (COREF) Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Dominic Wright
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kabirul Islam Khan
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Manel López-Béjar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Universitat Autòmoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina A Martinez
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Services (BKV), BHK/O&G Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Skotland T, Sagini K, Sandvig K, Llorente A. An emerging focus on lipids in extracellular vesicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:308-321. [PMID: 32151658 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles contain a lipid bilayer membrane that protects the encapsulated material, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites, from the extracellular environment. These vesicles are released from cells via different mechanisms. During recent years extracellular vesicles have been studied as possible biomarkers for different diseases, as biological nanoparticles for drug delivery, and in basic studies as a tool to understand the structure of biological membranes and the mechanisms involved in vesicular trafficking. Lipids are essential molecular components of extracellular vesicles, but at the moment our knowledge about the lipid composition and the function of lipids in these vesicles is limited. However, the interest of the research community in these molecules is increasing as their role in extracellular vesicles is starting to be acknowledged. In this review, we will present the status of the field and describe what is needed to bring it forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tore Skotland
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Krizia Sagini
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten Sandvig
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alvarez-Rodriguez M, Ljunggren SA, Karlsson H, Rodriguez-Martinez H. Exosomes in specific fractions of the boar ejaculate contain CD44: A marker for epididymosomes? Theriogenology 2019; 140:143-152. [PMID: 31473497 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Seminal plasma (SP) is a complex fluid containing proteins, peptides, enzymes, hormones as well as extracellular vesicles (EVs). The SP interacts with spermatozoa and the inner cell lining of the female genital tract, adsorbing proteins and exosomes that modulate sperm functions and female immune responsiveness. In the present study, boar sperm-free SP was studied using flow cytometry (FC) after membrane tetraspanins (CD9, CD63 and CD81) and membrane receptor CD44 marking of non-enriched (whole SP) or gradient fractions enriched through two-step discontinuous KBr-density-gradient ultracentrifugation, in whole ejaculate or in selected ejaculate fractions. The results, evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, confirmed the presence of exosomes in all fractions of the pig SP. Noteworthy, these pig SP-exosomes were CD44-bearing when analysed by FC, with bands detected by western blotting (WB) at the expected 85 kD size. The two-step discontinuous KBr-density-gradient ultracentrifugation enriched the population of exosomes in two specific gradient fractions, indicating exosomes (either prostasomes or epididymosomes) could be separated from low-density lipoprotein (LDL) but they co-sediment with the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-bearing fraction. The findings pave for the selective isolation of exosomes in functional studies of their function when interacting with spermatozoa, the oocyte and/or the female genitalia, including hyaluronan-CD44 interplay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alvarez-Rodriguez
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKE), BHK/O&G Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Stefan A Ljunggren
- Occupational & Environmental Medicine Centre, Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational & Environmental Medicine Centre, Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) is widely used for livestock breeding. Although sperm cryopreservation is the most efficient method for long-term storage, its use for porcine AI is marginal, because of its dramatic impact on sperm quality. While the removal of seminal plasma is a routine practice prior to porcine sperm cryopreservation, its beneficial role on sperm function has not been investigated in as much detail. In this context and despite seminal plasma being regarded as a mere vehicle of sperm, mounting evidence indicates that it could be positive for porcine sperm fertility. In effect, not only is seminal plasma able to interact with the female reproductive tract after mounting/insemination, but it has been demonstrated it modulates sperm function. For this reason, the composition of this fluid and its proteome have begun to be investigated in order to elucidate whether its components play any role in sperm function, fertility and cryotolerance. Previous research has demonstrated that seminal plasma may maintain the quality and fertilizing ability of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa when added before or after cryopreservation. However, a large variety of results have been reported with both beneficial and detrimental effects, including studies in which no influence has been observed. This review examines the composition of porcine seminal plasma and summarizes the available published studies regarding seminal plasma supplementation to spermatozoa before or after freeze-thawing. The take-home message of this article is that clearing up the role of seminal plasma in sperm cryotolerance may increase the reproductive performance of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa.
Collapse
|
12
|
Skotland T, Hessvik NP, Sandvig K, Llorente A. Exosomal lipid composition and the role of ether lipids and phosphoinositides in exosome biology. J Lipid Res 2018; 60:9-18. [PMID: 30076207 PMCID: PMC6314266 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r084343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle released from cells after fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane. These vesicles are often enriched in cholesterol, SM, glycosphingolipids, and phosphatidylserine. Lipids not only have a structural role in exosomal membranes but also are essential players in exosome formation and release to the extracellular environment. Our knowledge about the importance of lipids in exosome biology is increasing due to recent technological developments in lipidomics and a stronger focus on the biological functions of these molecules. Here, we review the available information about the lipid composition of exosomes. Special attention is given to ether lipids, a relatively unexplored type of lipids involved in membrane trafficking and abundant in some exosomes. Moreover, we discuss how the lipid composition of exosome preparations may provide useful information about their purity. Finally, we discuss the role of phosphoinositides, membrane phospholipids that help to regulate membrane dynamics, in exosome release and how this process may be linked to secretory autophagy. Knowledge about exosome lipid composition is important to understand the biology of these vesicles and to investigate possible medical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tore Skotland
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina P Hessvik
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten Sandvig
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway.,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nagy S, Tamminen T, Andersson M, Rodriguez-Martinez H. Ejaculated boar spermatozoa displaying a rare multivesicular defect. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60:21. [PMID: 29580272 PMCID: PMC5870522 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-018-0375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two cases of a previously unreported sperm defect appearing in boar studs in Finland are presented. Spermatozoa showed small particles scattered on their surface with a prevalence decreasing with boar age. Semen samples, either stained with eosin-nigrosin or examined with phase contrast optics on formaldehyde-fixed spermatozoa, revealed the presence of multiple particles attached to the surface of spermatozoa counted as dead cells at fixation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed these were multivesicular and multilamellar vesicles, built up by phospholipid membranes. The case is classified as a post-epididymal multivesicular sperm defect with a favorable prognosis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang A, Isobe N, Yoshimura Y. Changes in localization and density of CD63-positive exosome-like substances in the hen oviduct with artificial insemination and their effect on sperm viability. Theriogenology 2017; 101:135-143. [PMID: 28708510 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Avian sperm are stored in the sperm storage tubules (SSTs) of the hen oviduct for a prolonged period. However, the precise mechanisms by which sperm are kept alive in the SSTs are still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether exosomes are secreted by SST cells and play a role in the survival of sperm. Utero-vaginal junction (UVJ) tissue from approximately 50 wk old White Leghorn hens was collected before (control group) and after intravaginal insemination with seminal plasma (SP group) or semen (AI group). The samples were used to prepare frozen sections and total protein extraction. The localization of the CD63, an exosome marker, was determined by immunohistochemistry and its protein level in the UVJ mucosal tissues was examined by Western blot. Exosomes were isolated from the culture media of UVJ and vaginal mucosa cells by ultracentrifugation and characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The viability and motility of sperm incubated with exosomes were also examined. CD63 was localized in the apical region of UVJ mucosal epithelium cells and SST cells of control, SP, and AI groups. The CD63 protein decreased in SST cells surrounding resident sperm and tended to appear in the SST lumen in the AI group. The protein level of CD63 in UVJ mucosal tissues was significantly higher in the AI group than control. The CD63 protein (approximately 75 kDa) was detected in ultracentrifugation pellets from the culture medium of UVJ and vagina cells. The viability of sperm incubated with 1 μg/μl vaginal exosomes was significantly decreased but was not affected by UVJ exosomes. These results suggest that exosomes were synthesized by SST cells and may be secreted into SST lumen when sperm were stored in SSTs. The role of SST exosomes in sperm storage needs to be examined further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Huang
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - N Isobe
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; Research Center for Animal Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Y Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; Research Center for Animal Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Skotland T, Sandvig K, Llorente A. Lipids in exosomes: Current knowledge and the way forward. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 66:30-41. [PMID: 28342835 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 654] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are essential components of exosomal membranes, and it is well-known that specific lipids are enriched in exosomes compared to their parent cells. In this review we discuss current knowledge about the lipid composition of exosomes. We compare published data for different lipid classes in exosomes, and what is known about their lipid species, i.e. lipid molecules with different fatty acyl groups. Moreover, we elaborate on the hypothesis about hand-shaking between the very-long-chain sphingolipids in the outer leaflet and PS 18:0/18:1 in the inner leaflet, and we propose this to be an important mechanism in membrane biology, not only for exosomes. The similarity between the lipid composition of exosomes, HIV particles, and detergent resistant membranes, used as lipid rafts models, is also discussed. Furthermore, we summarize knowledge about the role of specific lipids and lipid metabolizing enzymes on the formation and release of exosomes. Finally, the use of exosomal lipids as biomarkers and how the lipid composition of exosomes may be of importance for researchers aiming to use exosomes as drug delivery vehicles is discussed. In conclusion, we have summarized what is presently known about lipids in exosomes and identified issues that should be taken into consideration in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tore Skotland
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0379 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kirsten Sandvig
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0379 Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zelli R, Orlandi R, Verstegen J, Troisi A, Elad Ngonput A, Menchetti L, Cardinali L, Polisca A. Addition of different concentrations of prostasome-like vesicles at neutral or slightly alkaline pH decreases canine sperm motility. Andrology 2016; 5:160-168. [PMID: 27676322 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Prostasome-like vesicles (PV) are components of the canine prostatic fluid during ejaculation and despite some enzymatic activities have been identified recently, their functions in the reproductive events in this species are still poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated at neutral or slightly alkaline pH, the effects of different concentrations of purified PV on sperm cell motility characteristics and the impact on the short- and long-term preservation of preserved semen maintained at room temperature. Two different experiments were performed. In the first experiment, purified PV were added at increasing concentration (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μL equivalent to 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 μg of protein, respectively) to aliquots of 100 μL of preserved semen maintained at 22 °C at the following time points: 0, 30, 60, 120, 240, and 480 min. Computer-assisted sperm motility characteristics and pH were assessed three times at each time points, for each sample and for every concentrations. In the second experiment, the purified PV were added with the same methods as described above but only at time 0. Sperm motility characteristics and pH were assessed over the time. This study showed how the addition of purified PV to preserved semen affects negatively (p < 0.05) at neutral and alkaline pH, both total and progressive motility in a concentration depending manner. Furthermore, prostasome addition was demonstrated to change the quality of sperm movement which may represent a mechanism facilitating sperm cells attachment to the uterine epithelium and facilitating energy preservation before fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Zelli
- Department Veterinary Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - R Orlandi
- Tyrus Clinica Veterinaria, Terni, Italy
| | - J Verstegen
- Veterinary College and TherioExpert, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A Troisi
- Department Veterinary Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Elad Ngonput
- Department Veterinary Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Menchetti
- Department Veterinary Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Cardinali
- Department Veterinary Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Polisca
- Department Veterinary Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Goericke-Pesch S, Hauck S, Failing K, Wehrend A. Effect of seminal plasma vesicular structures in canine frozen-thawed semen. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1490-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
18
|
Goericke-Pesch S, Hauck S, Bergmann M, Wehrend A. Morphological characterisation of vesicular structures in the canine ejaculate. Micron 2015; 77:66-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Hernández G, Bollini A, Mengarelli G, Rasia M, Casco C, Ruiz MF, Visconti M, Huarte M, Rubin de Cellis E, Bazzoni G. Protective effect of quercetin against in vitro erythrocyte rheology alterations produced by arsenic. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2015; 59:355-64. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-141849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Hernández
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A. Bollini
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - G. Mengarelli
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M. Rasia
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - C. Casco
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ma. F. Ruiz
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M. Visconti
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M. Huarte
- Cátedra de Física, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E. Rubin de Cellis
- Cátedra de Física, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G. Bazzoni
- Cátedra de Física Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mogielnicka-Brzozowska M, Strzeżek R, Wasilewska K, Kordan W. Prostasomes of canine seminal plasma - zinc-binding ability and effects on motility characteristics and plasma membrane integrity of spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:484-91. [PMID: 25809561 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostasomes are small lipid membrane-confined vesicles that are involved in various fertilization-related processes. The aim of this study was to demonstrate canine seminal plasma prostasomes' ability to bind zinc ions, as well as examining their effects on sperm motility characteristics and plasma membrane integrity during cold storage. Ejaculates, collected from five cross-bred dogs (n = 50), were subjected to ultracentrifugation followed by gel filtration (GF) on a Superose 6 column. Prostasomes appeared as a single fraction in the elution profile. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of canine prostasomes revealed the presence of membrane vesicles with diameters ranging from 20.3 to 301 nm. The zinc-affinity chromatography on a Chelating Sepharose Fast Flow - Zn(2 +) showed that from 93 to 100% of the prostasome proteins bind zinc ions (P(+) Zn). SDS-PAGE revealed that canine P(+) Zn comprised four protein bands, with low molecular weights (10.2-12 kDa). We have also shown a positive effect of prostasomes (p < 0.05), especially variant B (2% of total seminal plasma protein) on canine sperm motility parameters after 2 h storage at 5°C (TMOT%, 44.75 ± 5.18) and PMOT%, 12.42 ± 1.59) and VAP, VSL, VCL, when compared with Control (TMOT%, 7.30 ± 1.41 and PMOT%, 1.70 ± 0.42). Higher percentage of spermatozoa with intact plasma membrane (SYBR/PI dual staining) and intact acrosome (Giemsa stained), after 2 h storage at 5°C, was showed, in variant A (1.5% of total seminal plasma protein) and B, when compared with Control and variant C (2.5% of total seminal plasma protein). The prostasomes' effect on motility and plasma membrane integrity of canine cold-stored spermatozoa may be related to their ability to bind zinc ions and regulate their availability to the sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Mogielnicka-Brzozowska
- Department of Animal Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Polisca A, Troisi A, Minelli A, Bellezza I, Fontbonne A, Zelli R. Presence of Membranous Vesicles in Cat Seminal Plasma: Ultrastructural Characteristics, Protein Profile and Enzymatic Activity. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 50:91-6. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Polisca
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria; Università di Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - A Troisi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria; Università di Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - A Minelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale; Università di Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - I Bellezza
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale; Università di Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - A Fontbonne
- Centre d'Etude de Reproduction des Carnivores (CERCA); Alfort Veterinary College; Paris France
| | - R Zelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria; Università di Perugia; Perugia Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Castellini C, Mattioli S, Ruggeri S, Dal Bosco A, Collodel G. The time-dependent effects of prostate granules and seminal plasma on the capacitation, acrosome reaction, and motility of rabbit sperm. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 140:97-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
23
|
Piehl LL, Fischman ML, Hellman U, Cisale H, Miranda PV. Boar seminal plasma exosomes: effect on sperm function and protein identification by sequencing. Theriogenology 2013; 79:1071-82. [PMID: 23489476 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian seminal plasma contains membranous vesicles (exosomes), with a high content of cholesterol and sphingomyelin and a complex protein composition. Their physiological role is uncertain because sperm stabilization and activation effects have been reported. To analyze a putative modulatory role for semen exosomes on sperm activity in the boar, the effects of these vesicles on several sperm functional parameters were examined. Additionally, boar exosome proteins were sequenced and their incorporation into sperm was explored. Boar sperm were incubated under conditions that induce capacitation, manifested as increased tyrosine phosphorylation, cholesterol loss and greater fluidity in apical membranes, and the ability to undergo the lysophosphatidylcholine-induced acrosome reaction. After establishing this cluster of capacitation-dependent functional parameters, the effect produced by exosomes when present during or after sperm capacitation was analyzed. Exosomes inhibited the capacitation-dependent cholesterol efflux and fluidity increase in apical membranes, and the disappearance of a 14-kD phosphorylated polypeptide. In contrast, the acrosome reaction (spontaneous and lysophosphatidylcholine-induced) was not affected, and sperm binding to the oocyte zona pellucida was reduced only when vesicles were present during gamete coincubation. Liposomes with a lipid composition similar to that present in exosomes mimicked these effects, except the one on zona pellucida binding. Interaction between exosomes and sperm was confirmed by transfer of aminopeptidase activity. In addition, the major exosome protein, identified as actin, appeared to associate with sperm after coincubation. Exosome composition had a predominance for structural proteins (actin, plastin, ezrin, and condensin), enzymes, and several porcine seminal plasma-specific polypeptides (e.g., spermadhesins). Transfer of proteins from exosome to sperm and their ability to block cholesterol efflux supports a direct interaction between these vesicles and sperm, whereas inhibition of some capacitation-dependent features suggests a stabilizing function for exosomes in boar semen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia L Piehl
- Cátedra de Física and Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, IBIMOL (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Aalberts M, Sostaric E, Wubbolts R, Wauben MWM, Nolte-'t Hoen ENM, Gadella BM, Stout TAE, Stoorvogel W. Spermatozoa recruit prostasomes in response to capacitation induction. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2012; 1834:2326-35. [PMID: 22940639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Seminal plasma contains various types of extracellular vesicles, including 'prostasomes'. Prostasomes are small vesicles secreted by prostatic epithelial cells that can be recruited by and fuse with sperm cells in response of progesterone that is released by oocyte surrounding cumulus cells. This delivers Ca(2+) signaling tools that allow the sperm cell to gain hypermotility and undergo the acrosome reaction. Conditions for binding of prostasomes to sperm cells are however unclear. We found that classically used prostasome markers are in fact heterogeneously expressed on distinct populations of small and large vesicles in seminal plasma. To study interactions between prostasomes and spermatozoa we used the stallion as a model organism. A homogeneous population of ~60nm prostasomes was first separated from larger vesicles and labeled with biotin. Binding of biotinylated prostasomes to individual live spermatozoa was then monitored by flow cytometry. Contrary to assumptions in the literature, we found that such highly purified prostasomes bound to live sperm only after capacitation had been initiated, and specifically at pH ≥7.5. Using fluorescence microscopy, we observed that prostasomes bound primarily to the head of live sperm. We propose that in vivo, prostasomes may bind to sperm cells in the uterus, to be carried in association with sperm cells into oviduct and to fuse with the sperm cell only during the final approach of the oocyte. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Aalberts
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.176, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.176, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zelli R, Bellezza I, Rambotti MG, Minelli A, Polisca A. Ultrastructural and Enzymatic Activity of Membranous Vesicles Isolated from Canine Seminal Plasma. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:252-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02141.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
26
|
Castellini C, Mourvaki E, Cardinali R, Collodel G, Lasagna E, Del Vecchio MT, Dal Bosco A. Secretion patterns and effect of prostate-derived granules on the sperm acrosome reaction of rabbit buck. Theriogenology 2012; 78:715-23. [PMID: 22704388 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the particulate fraction of seminal plasma plays an important role in reproduction of several mammalian species. However, the origin and role of these granules in the physiology of rabbit spermatozoa is partially unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the implication of prostate gland in the production and secretion of granules into the rabbit semen and the role of prostate-derived granules in the sperm acrosome reaction. Light and electron microscopy of the prostate gland showed that the anterior and middle tracts of the prostate (namely the proprostate and prostate, respectively) are chiefly implicated in the secretion of granules of different size: smaller granules (SG; 0.5 μm) and large granules (LG; 4 μm). Two major patterns of secretion were identified, based on electron microscope views: storage granules (large granules) seem to empty inner smaller granules directly into the duct by exocytosis, or the storage vesicle itself is released in toto into the ducts (diacytosis). In vitro experiments using granules from vasectomized rabbits, to exclude testicular origin of granules, showed that granules reduce the acrosome reaction of Percoll-selected spermatozoa, independently of the size. Interestingly, spermatozoa incubated with heat-treated granules showed a higher sperm acrosome reaction rate, suggesting a potential role of granule-derived proteins in this process. Inhibition of the acrosome reaction is a crucial event in rabbit reproduction; ejaculated spermatozoa have to wait for a long time (8-16 h) for egg availability in the female tract after mating. Taking together, our results demonstrate that prostate granules secreted either by exocytosis or diacytosis can preserve spermatozoa fertilizing ability, by preventing sperm acrosome reaction. The type of granule-derived proteins or other macromolecules implicated in this process should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Castellini
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Poliakov A, Spilman M, Dokland T, Amling CL, Mobley JA. Structural heterogeneity and protein composition of exosome-like vesicles (prostasomes) in human semen. Prostate 2009; 69:159-67. [PMID: 18819103 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human seminal fluid contains small exosome-like vesicles called prostasomes. Prostasomes have been reported previously to play an important role in the process of fertilization by boosting survivability and motility of spermatozoa, in addition to modulating acrosomal reactivity. Prostasomes have also been reported to present with sizes varying from 50 to 500 nm and to have multilayered lipid membranes; however, the fine morphology of prostasomes has never been studied in detail. METHODS Sucrose gradient-purified prostasomes were visualized by cryo-electron microscopy (EM). Protein composition was studied by trypsin in-gel digestion and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. RESULTS Here we report for the first time the detailed structure of seminal prostasomes by cryo-EM. There are at least three distinct dominant structural types of vesicles present. In parallel with the structural analysis, we have carried out a detailed proteomic analysis of prostasomes, which led to the identification of 440 proteins. This is nearly triple the number of proteins identified to date for these unique particles and a number of the proteins identified previously were cross-validated in our study. CONCLUSION From the data reported herein, we hypothesize that the structural heterogeneity of the exosome-like particles in human semen reflects their functional diversity. Our detailed proteomic analysis provided a list of candidate proteins for future structural and functional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Poliakov
- Department of Surgery/Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gadella BM. The Assembly of a Zona Pellucida Binding Protein Complex in Sperm. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43 Suppl 5:12-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
29
|
Girouard J, Frenette G, Sullivan R. Seminal Plasma Proteins Regulate the Association of Lipids and Proteins Within Detergent-Resistant Membrane Domains of Bovine Spermatozoa1. Biol Reprod 2008; 78:921-31. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.066514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
30
|
Siciliano L, Marcianò V, Carpino A. Prostasome-like vesicles stimulate acrosome reaction of pig spermatozoa. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2008; 6:5. [PMID: 18234073 PMCID: PMC2266753 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-6-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of small membranous particles characterizes the male genital fluids of different mammalian species. The influence of semen vesicles, denominated prostasomes, on sperm functional properties has been well documented in humans, but their biological activity is scarcely known in other species. The present work investigated prostasome-like vesicles in pig semen for their ability to interact with spermatozoa and to affect acrosome reaction. METHODS Prostasome-like vesicles have been isolated from pig seminal plasma by high-speed centrifugation and Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography. Morphology of purified vesicles has been checked by scanning electron microscopy while their protein pattern has been investigated by SDS-PAGE. Then prostasome- like vesicles have been incubated with pig spermatozoa and their ability to interact with sperm has been tested by the aminopeptidase assay. In addition, the efficiency of vesicles to influence the acrosome reaction has been investigated by assessing the sperm acrosomal status by the PI/FITC-PNA (propidium iodide/fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled peanut agglutinin) stainings. RESULTS Purified vesicles revealed a complex protein pattern with the occurrence of bands in the high, medium and low molecular weight range. However, the two major bands were observed at approximately 90 kDa and approximately 60 kDa. A vesicle-mediated transfer of aminopeptidase to sperm cells has been also detected. Furthermore, a significant increase of acrosome reaction extent has been revealed in spermatozoa incubated with prostasome-like vesicles in comparison to control sperm. CONCLUSION This is the first report demonstrating that pig prostasome-like vesicles are able, in vitro, to interact with spermatozoa and to stimulate the acrosome reaction. These findings lead to hypothesize a transfer of molecules from vesicles to sperm membrane, thus sensitizing male gametes to undergo the acrosome reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siciliano
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Vito Marcianò
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy Section, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Amalia Carpino
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|