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Massier M, Doco-Fenzy M, Egloff M, Le Guillou X, Le Guyader G, Redon S, Benech C, Le Millier K, Uguen K, Ropars J, Sacaze E, Audebert-Bellanger S, Apetrei A, Molin A, Gruchy N, Vincent-Devulder A, Spodenkiewicz M, Jacquin C, Loron G, Thibaud M, Delplancq G, Brisset S, Lesieur-Sebellin M, Malan V, Romana S, Rio M, Marlin S, Amiel J, Marquet V, Dauriat B, Moradkhani K, Mercier S, Isidor B, Arpin S, Pujalte M, Jedraszak G, Pebrel-Richard C, Salaun G, Laffargue F, Boudjarane J, Missirian C, Chelloug N, Toutain A, Chiesa J, Keren B, Mignot C, Gouy E, Jaillard S, Landais E, Poirsier C. 3q29 duplications: A cohort of 46 patients and a literature review. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63531. [PMID: 38421086 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Duplications of the 3q29 cytoband are rare chromosomal copy number variations (CNVs) (overlapping or recurrent ~1.6 Mb 3q29 duplications). They have been associated with highly variable neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) with various associated features or reported as a susceptibility factor to the development of learning disabilities and neuropsychiatric disorders. The smallest region of overlap and the phenotype of 3q29 duplications remain uncertain. We here report a French cohort of 31 families with a 3q29 duplication identified by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), including 14 recurrent 1.6 Mb duplications, eight overlapping duplications (>1 Mb), and nine small duplications (<1 Mb). Additional genetic findings that may be involved in the phenotype were identified in 11 patients. Focusing on apparently isolated 3q29 duplications, patients present mainly mild NDD as suggested by a high rate of learning disabilities in contrast to a low proportion of patients with intellectual disabilities. Although some are de novo, most of the 3q29 duplications are inherited from a parent with a similar mild phenotype. Besides, the study of small 3q29 duplications does not provide evidence for any critical region. Our data suggest that the overlapping and recurrent 3q29 duplications seem to lead to mild NDD and that a severe or syndromic clinical presentation should warrant further genetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Massier
- Department of Genetics, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- Department of Genetics, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
- Department of Genetics, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Matthieu Egloff
- Department of Genetics, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
- University of Poitiers, INSERM, LNEC, Department of Genetics, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Xavier Le Guillou
- Department of Genetics, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
- University of Poitiers, CNRS, LMA, Department of Genetics, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Sylvia Redon
- Department of Genetics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
- Intellectual Disability Reference Center, Department of Pediatrics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
- University of Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Caroline Benech
- University of Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | | | - Kevin Uguen
- Department of Genetics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
- Intellectual Disability Reference Center, Department of Pediatrics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
- University of Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Juliette Ropars
- Intellectual Disability Reference Center, Department of Pediatrics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Elise Sacaze
- Intellectual Disability Reference Center, Department of Pediatrics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Séverine Audebert-Bellanger
- Department of Genetics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
- Intellectual Disability Reference Center, Department of Pediatrics, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Andreea Apetrei
- University of Normandy, UNICAEN, RU7450 BioTARGen, Caen University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Reference Center for Developmental Disorders and Malformative Syndromes, Anddi-Rares Network, Caen, France
| | - Arnaud Molin
- University of Normandy, UNICAEN, RU7450 BioTARGen, Caen University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Reference Center for Developmental Disorders and Malformative Syndromes, Anddi-Rares Network, Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Gruchy
- University of Normandy, UNICAEN, RU7450 BioTARGen, Caen University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Reference Center for Developmental Disorders and Malformative Syndromes, Anddi-Rares Network, Caen, France
| | - Aline Vincent-Devulder
- University of Normandy, UNICAEN, RU7450 BioTARGen, Caen University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Reference Center for Developmental Disorders and Malformative Syndromes, Anddi-Rares Network, Caen, France
| | | | - Clémence Jacquin
- Department of Genetics, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Gauthier Loron
- Department of Neonatal Medicine and Pediatric Intensive Care, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CReSTIC, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Marie Thibaud
- Department of Pediatrics, American Memorial Hospital, Reims, France
| | | | - Sophie Brisset
- Constitutional Genetics Unit, Versailles Hospital, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Marion Lesieur-Sebellin
- Department of Genomic Medicine of Rare Disorders, Necker Hospital, APHP Center, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Malan
- Department of Genomic Medicine of Rare Disorders, Necker Hospital, APHP Center, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Serge Romana
- Department of Genomic Medicine of Rare Disorders, Necker Hospital, APHP Center, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marlène Rio
- Department of Genomic Medicine of Rare Disorders, Necker Hospital, APHP Center, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Marlin
- Department of Genomic Medicine of Rare Disorders, Necker Hospital, APHP Center, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- Department of Genomic Medicine of Rare Disorders, Necker Hospital, APHP Center, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valentine Marquet
- Department of Cytogenetics, Clinical Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Benjamin Dauriat
- Department of Cytogenetics, Clinical Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | - Sandra Mercier
- Department of Genetics, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Department of Genetics, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Arpin
- Department of Genetics, Tours University Hospital, UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | | | - Guillaume Jedraszak
- Constitutional Genetic Laboratory, University Hospital of Amiens & UR4666 HEMATIM, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Céline Pebrel-Richard
- Cytogenetic Medical Department; UIC Cytogenetics of Rare Diseases and Reproduction (GRUIC ADERGEN), Rare Diseases Reference Center (CRMR): Developmental Anomalies and Malformative Syndromes in the Auvergne Region, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Gaëlle Salaun
- Cytogenetic Medical Department; UIC Cytogenetics of Rare Diseases and Reproduction (GRUIC ADERGEN), Rare Diseases Reference Center (CRMR): Developmental Anomalies and Malformative Syndromes in the Auvergne Region, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fanny Laffargue
- Department of Medical Genetics, UIC ADDIR (GRIUC ADERGEN), Constitutive Reference Center CLAD South-East: Developmental anomalies and malformative syndromes, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - John Boudjarane
- Medical Genetics Department, Timone Enfants University Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Chantal Missirian
- Medical Genetics Department, Timone Enfants University Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Nora Chelloug
- Department of Medical Genetics, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Annick Toutain
- Department of Genetics, Tours University Hospital, UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - Jean Chiesa
- Department of Genetics, Nimes, University Hospital, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Department of Genetics, APHP Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- Department of Genetics, APHP Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Evan Gouy
- Department of Genetics, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- Department of Cytogenetics and Cell Biology, Rennes university hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Emilie Landais
- Department of Genetics, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Céline Poirsier
- Department of Genetics, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
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Yilmaz F, Gurusamy U, Mosley TJ, Hallast P, Kim K, Mostovoy Y, Purcell RH, Shaikh TH, Zwick ME, Kwok PY, Lee C, Mulle JG. High level of complexity and global diversity of the 3q29 locus revealed by optical mapping and long-read sequencing. Genome Med 2023; 15:35. [PMID: 37165454 PMCID: PMC10170684 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High sequence identity between segmental duplications (SDs) can facilitate copy number variants (CNVs) via non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR). These CNVs are one of the fundamental causes of genomic disorders such as the 3q29 deletion syndrome (del3q29S). There are 21 protein-coding genes lost or gained as a result of such recurrent 1.6-Mbp deletions or duplications, respectively, in the 3q29 locus. While NAHR plays a role in CNV occurrence, the factors that increase the risk of NAHR at this particular locus are not well understood. METHODS We employed an optical genome mapping technique to characterize the 3q29 locus in 161 unaffected individuals, 16 probands with del3q29S and their parents, and 2 probands with the 3q29 duplication syndrome (dup3q29S). Long-read sequencing-based haplotype resolved de novo assemblies from 44 unaffected individuals, and 1 trio was used for orthogonal validation of haplotypes and deletion breakpoints. RESULTS In total, we discovered 34 haplotypes, of which 19 were novel haplotypes. Among these 19 novel haplotypes, 18 were detected in unaffected individuals, while 1 novel haplotype was detected on the parent-of-origin chromosome of a proband with the del3q29S. Phased assemblies from 44 unaffected individuals enabled the orthogonal validation of 20 haplotypes. In 89% (16/18) of the probands, breakpoints were confined to paralogous copies of a 20-kbp segment within the 3q29 SDs. In one del3q29S proband, the breakpoint was confined to a 374-bp region using long-read sequencing. Furthermore, we categorized del3q29S cases into three classes and dup3q29S cases into two classes based on breakpoints. Finally, we found no evidence of inversions in parent-of-origin chromosomes. CONCLUSIONS We have generated the most comprehensive haplotype map for the 3q29 locus using unaffected individuals, probands with del3q29S or dup3q29S, and available parents, and also determined the deletion breakpoint to be within a 374-bp region in one proband with del3q29S. These results should provide a better understanding of the underlying genetic architecture that contributes to the etiology of del3q29S and dup3q29S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyza Yilmaz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Umamaheswaran Gurusamy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF School of Medicine, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Trenell J Mosley
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Pille Hallast
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Kwondo Kim
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Yulia Mostovoy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF School of Medicine, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Ryan H Purcell
- Laboratory of Translational Cell Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Tamim H Shaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13123 E 16Th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Michael E Zwick
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Pui-Yan Kwok
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Human Genetics, UCSF School of Medicine, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Dermatology, UCSF School of Medicine, 1701 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Charles Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
| | - Jennifer G Mulle
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, 671 Hoes Lane, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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Geckinli B, Turkyilmaz A, Alavanda C, Sager G, Arslan Ates E, Soylemez MA, Arman A. Novel, homozygous RAB3GAP1 c.2606 + 1G>A, p.Glu830ValfsTer9 variant and chromosome 3q29 duplication in a Turkish individual with Warburg micro syndrome. Clin Dysmorphol 2023; 32:55-61. [PMID: 36876345 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Warburg micro syndrome (WARBM) is a rare, autosomal recessive, neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by microcephaly, cortical dysplasia, corpus callosum hypoplasia, congenital hypotonia leading to subsequent spastic quadriplegia, severe developmental delay and hypogenitalism. Ophthalmologic findings that may affect any ocular segment including characteristic, small, atonic pupils. WARBM is known to be caused by biallelic, pathogenic variants in at least five genes although additional genetic loci may exist. The RAB3GAP1 c.748 + 1G>A, p.Asp250CysfsTer24 founder variant has been described in families of Turkish ancestry. We report the clinical and molecular findings in three, unrelated, Turkish families with WARBM. A novel c.974-2A>G variant causing WARBM in three siblings of Turkish descent was found. Functional studies of the novel, c.2606 + 1G>A variant in patients' mRNA revealed skipping of exon 22 which results in a premature stop codon in exon 23. However, the clinical consequences of this variant are blended given that the individual also had a maternally inherited chromosome 3q29 microduplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Geckinli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul
| | - Ayberk Turkyilmaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul
- Department of Medical Genetics, Karadeniz Technical University School of Medicine, Trabzon
| | - Ceren Alavanda
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul
| | - Gunes Sager
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Marmara University School of Medicine
- Pediatric Neurology, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital
| | - Esra Arslan Ates
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Soylemez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul
| | - Ahmet Arman
- Department of Medical Genetics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul
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4
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3q29 microduplication syndrome: Clinical and molecular description of eleven new cases. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104083. [PMID: 33039685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial duplications of 3q29 have recently been described in association with a new genetic syndrome characterized by a neurodevelopmental phenotype. A total of 16 individuals with the 3q29 duplication have been reported in the literature with clinical features that include intellectual disability, language delay, epilepsy, structural brain anomalies, micro/macrocephaly, generalized obesity, ocular abnormalities, distinctive facial features, cleft palate, and musculoskeletal anomalies. In this paper, we summarize the current literature and present eleven additional cases from nine families with the 3q29 microduplication identified by microarray analysis at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics. Three diagnoses were made prenatally, making this the first case series to describe 3q29 duplications incidentally identified during the prenatal period. We further delineate the minimal region of overlap previously described in the literature and explore the modifying effects of "second hit" genetic aberrations, which were frequent in our cohort.
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5
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Pollak RM, Zinsmeister MC, Murphy MM, Zwick ME, Mulle JG. New phenotypes associated with 3q29 duplication syndrome: Results from the 3q29 registry. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1152-1166. [PMID: 32154651 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
3q29 duplication syndrome (3q29dup) is a rare genomic disorder caused by a 1.6 Mb duplication (GRCh38 chr3:195,998,000-197,623,000). Case reports indicate the 3q29dup is likely to be pathogenic, but the full range of manifestations is not well understood. We used the 3q29 registry (https://3q29.com) to ascertain 31 individuals with 3q29dup, the largest cohort ever surveyed in a systematic way. For comparison, we ascertained 117 individuals with the reciprocal 3q29 deletion and 64 typically developing controls. We used a custom medical and demographic questionnaire to assess physical and developmental phenotypes, and two standardized instruments, the Social Responsiveness Scale and Child Behavior Checklist/Adult Behavior Checklist, to assess social disability. Participants with 3q29dup report a high rate of problems in the first year of life (80.6%), including feeding problems (55%), failure to gain weight (42%), hypotonia (39%), and respiratory distress (29%). In early childhood, learning problems (71.0%) and seizures (25.8%) are common. Additionally, the rate of self-reported autism spectrum disorder diagnoses (39%) is substantially elevated compared to the general population, suggesting that the 3q29 duplication may be an autism susceptibility locus. This is the most comprehensive description of 3q29dup to date. Our findings can be used to develop evidence-based strategies for early intervention and management of 3q29dup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Pollak
- Genetics and Molecular Biology, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael C Zinsmeister
- Genetic Counseling Training Program, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Melissa M Murphy
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael E Zwick
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Jennifer G Mulle
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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6
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Tassano E, Uccella S, Giacomini T, Severino M, Siri L, Gherzi M, Celle ME, Porta S, Gimelli G, Ronchetto P. 3q29 microduplication syndrome: Description of two new cases and delineation of the minimal critical region. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:428-433. [PMID: 29501613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous clinical and neuropsychological features, such as intellectual disability, developmental and language delay, hypotonia, and, to a lesser extent, microcephaly that is present in about the half of the reported patients, characterize the 3q29 microduplication syndrome with usually a milder phenotype compared with the corresponding 3q29 microdeletion syndrome. The duplications described so far range from 2.3 Mb to 1.6 Mb, spanning from TFRC to BDH1 genes. Here we report on two patients with overlapping interstitial duplications of the 3q29 region differing in size. Patient 1 harboured a common-seized 3q29 microduplication spanning ∼1.6 Mb, while patient 2 carried a very small 3q29 microduplication of 448.8 Kb encompassing only two genes, DLG1 and BDH1. Both patients presented clinical characteristics similar to those reported in the literature in 3q29 microduplication syndrome. Interestingly, heterotopic gray matter nodules were found along the right lateral ventricle on brain MRI in patient 1, thus expanding the neuroradiological phenotype in 3q29 microduplication syndrome, while patient 2 allowed us to define with more precision the smallest region of overlap (SRO). Gene content analysis of the duplicated region suggests that gain-of-dosage of DLG1 and BDH1 may be a good candidate for the main clinical features of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tassano
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sara Uccella
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thea Giacomini
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Laura Siri
- "La Nostra Famiglia" Association, Varazze (Sv) - Scientific Institute E. Medea, Lecco, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Marcella Gherzi
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Celle
- Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Head Neck and Neuroscience Department, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Porta
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gimelli
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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7
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Dworschak GC, Crétolle C, Hilger A, Engels H, Korsch E, Reutter H, Ludwig M. Comprehensive review of the duplication 3q syndrome and report of a patient with Currarino syndrome and de novo duplication 3q26.32-q27.2. Clin Genet 2016; 91:661-671. [PMID: 27549440 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Partial duplications of the long arm of chromosome 3, dup(3q), are a rare but well-described condition, sharing features of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Around two thirds of cases are derived from unbalanced translocations, whereas pure dup(3q) have rarely been reported. Here, we provide an extensive review of the literature on dup(3q). This search revealed several patients with caudal malformations and anomalies, suggesting that caudal malformations or anomalies represent an inherent phenotypic feature of dup(3q). In this context, we report a patient with a pure de novo duplication 3q26.32-q27.2. The patient had the clinical diagnosis of Currarino syndrome (CS) (characterized by the triad of sacral anomalies, anorectal malformations and a presacral mass) and additional features, frequently detected in patients with a dup(3q). Mutations within the MNX1 gene were found to be causative in CS but no MNX1 mutation could be detected in our patient. Our comprehensive search for candidate genes located in the critical region of the duplication 3q syndrome, 3q26.3-q27, revealed a so far neglected phenotypic overlap of dup(3q) and the Pierpont syndrome, associated with a mutation of the TBL1XR1 gene on 3q26.32.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Dworschak
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C Crétolle
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,National Reference Centre for Rare Diseases on Anorectal Malformations and Rare Pelvic Anomalies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - A Hilger
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Engels
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Korsch
- Clinic for Pediatric Diseases, Kliniken der Stadt Köln GmbH, Cologne, Germany
| | - H Reutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Ludwig
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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8
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Fernández-Jaén A, Castellanos MDC, Fernández-Perrone AL, Fernández-Mayoralas DM, de la Vega AG, Calleja-Pérez B, Fernández EC, Albert J, Hombre MCS. Cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and severe intellectual disability in a patient with 3q29 microduplication syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2043-7. [PMID: 24838842 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial microduplication of 3q29 has been recently described. Individuals with this syndrome have widely variable phenotypes. We describe the first clinical case with a 1.607 Mb duplication at 3q29 (chr3: 195,731,956-197,339,329), accompanied by severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy. This duplication involves 22 genes; PAK2, DLG1, BDH1, and FBXO45 are implicated in neuronal development and synaptic function and could play an important role in this syndrome. We propose considering genetic studies, particularly array comparative genomic hybridization, in patients with epilepsy and/or cerebral palsy of unknown etiology when dysmorphic features are present.
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9
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Clinical, Cytogenetic, and Biochemical Analyses of a Family with a t(3;13)(q26.2;p11.2): Further Delineation of 3q Duplication Syndrome. Case Rep Genet 2013; 2013:895259. [PMID: 24151567 PMCID: PMC3789327 DOI: 10.1155/2013/895259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal abnormalities that result in genomic imbalances are a major cause of congenital and developmental anomalies. Partial duplication of chromosome 3q syndrome is a well-described condition, and the phenotypic manifestations include a characteristic facies, microcephaly, hirsutism, synophrys, broad nasal bridge, congenital heart disease, genitourinary disorders, and mental retardation. Approximately 60%–75% of cases are derived from a balanced translocation. We describe a family with a pure typical partial trisomy 3q syndrome derived from a maternal balanced translocation t(3;13)(q26.2;p11.2). As the chromosomal rearrangement involves the short arm of an acrocentric chromosome, the phenotype corresponds to a pure trisomy 3q26.2-qter syndrome. There are 4 affected individuals and several carriers among three generations. The report of this family is relevant because there are few cases of pure duplication 3q syndrome reported, and the cases described here contribute to define the phenotype associated with the syndrome. Furthermore, we confirmed that the survival until adulthood is possible. This report also identified the presence of glycosaminoglycans in urine in this family, not related to the chromosomal abnormality or the phenotype.
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