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Wang Y, Wei X, Liu Y, Li S, Pan W, Dai J, Yang Z. Towards broad-spectrum protection: the development and challenges of combined respiratory virus vaccines. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1412478. [PMID: 38903942 PMCID: PMC11188343 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1412478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In the post-COVID-19 era, the co-circulation of respiratory viruses, including influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), continues to have significant health impacts and presents ongoing public health challenges. Vaccination remains the most effective measure for preventing viral infections. To address the concurrent circulation of these respiratory viruses, extensive efforts have been dedicated to the development of combined vaccines. These vaccines utilize a range of platforms, including mRNA-based vaccines, viral vector vaccines, and subunit vaccines, providing opportunities in addressing multiple pathogens at once. This review delves into the major advancements in the field of combined vaccine research, underscoring the strategic use of various platforms to tackle the simultaneous circulation of respiratory viruses effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
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2
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Zhang Q, Zhou Z, Fan Y, Liu T, Guo Y, Li X, Liu W, Zhou L, Yang Y, Mo C, Chen Y, Liao X, Zhou R, Ding Z, Tian X. Higher affinities of fibers with cell receptors increase the infection capacity and virulence of human adenovirus type 7 and type 55 compared to type 3. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0109023. [PMID: 38018973 PMCID: PMC10783091 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01090-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE HAdV-3, -7, and -55 are the predominant types causing acute respiratory disease outbreaks and can lead to severe and fatal pneumonia in children and adults. In recent years, emerging or re-emerging strains of HAdV-7 and HAdV-55 have caused multiple outbreaks globally in both civilian and military populations, drawing increased attention. Clinical studies have reported that HAdV-7 and HAdV-55 cause more severe pneumonia than HAdV-3. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms explaining the higher severity of HAdV-7 and HAdV-55 infection compared to HAdV-3 infection. Our findings provided evidence linking the receptor-binding protein fiber to stronger infectivity of the strains mentioned above by comparing several fiber-chimeric or fiber-replaced adenoviruses. Our study improves our understanding of adenovirus infection and highlights potential implications, including in novel vector and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenkuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuncong Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Ding
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen T, Kong D, Hu X, Gao Y, Lin S, Liao M, Fan H. Influenza H7N9 Virus Hemagglutinin with T169A Mutation Possesses Enhanced Thermostability and Provides Effective Immune Protection against Lethal H7N9 Virus Challenge in Chickens. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1318. [PMID: 37631886 PMCID: PMC10460070 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) has caused huge losses in the poultry industry and impacted human public health security, and still poses a potential threat. Currently, immune prevention and control of avian influenza relies on traditional inactivated vaccines; however, they have some limitations and genetically engineered avian influenza subunit vaccines may be potential candidate vaccines. In this study, a T169A mutation in the HA protein derived from H7N9 AIV A/Chicken/Guangdong/16876 (H7N9-16876) was generated using the baculovirus expression system (BVES). The results showed that the mutant (HAm) had significantly increased thermostability compared with the wild-type HA protein (HA-WT). Importantly, immunizing chickens with HAm combined with ISA 71VG elicited higher cross-reactive hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody responses and cytokine (IFN-γ and IL-4) secretion. After a lethal challenge with heterologous H7N9 AIV, the vaccine conferred chickens with 100% (10/10) clinical protection and effectively inhibited viral shedding, with 90% (9/10) of the chickens showing no virus shedding. The thermostability of HAm may represent an advantage in practical vaccine manufacture and application. In general, the HAm generated in this study represents a promising subunit vaccine candidate for the prevention and control of H7N9 avian influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoran Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yinze Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shaorong Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ming Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiying Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Zhang J, Nian X, Li X, Huang S, Duan K, Li X, Yang X. The Epidemiology of Influenza and the Associated Vaccines Development in China: A Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1873. [PMID: 36366381 PMCID: PMC9692979 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza prevention and control has been one of the biggest challenges encountered in the public health domain. The vaccination against influenza plays a pivotal role in the prevention of influenza, particularly for the elderly and small children. According to the epidemiology of influenza in China, the nation is under a heavy burden of this disease. Therefore, as a contribution to the prevention and control of influenza in China through the provision of relevant information, the present report discusses the production and batch issuance of the influenza vaccine, analysis of the vaccination status and vaccination rate of the influenza vaccine, and the development trend of the influenza vaccine in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayou Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Xuanxuan Nian
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Xuedan Li
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Shihe Huang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Kai Duan
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Xinguo Li
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan 430207, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430207, China
- China National Biotech Group Company Ltd., Beijing 100029, China
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5
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Tang P, Cui EH, Chang WC, Yu C, Wang H, Du EQ, Wang JY. Nanoparticle-Based Bivalent Swine Influenza Virus Vaccine Induces Enhanced Immunity and Effective Protection against Drifted H1N1 and H3N2 Viruses in Mice. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112443. [PMID: 36366541 PMCID: PMC9693272 DOI: 10.3390/v14112443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Swine influenza virus (SIV) circulates worldwide, posing substantial economic loss and disease burden to humans and animals. Vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent SIV infection and transmission. In this study, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a recombinant, baculovirus-insect cell system-expressed bivalent nanoparticle SIV vaccine in mice challenged with drifted swine influenza H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. After a prime-boost immunization, the bivalent nanoparticle vaccine (BNV) induced high levels of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibodies, virus-neutralization (VN) antibodies, and antigen-specific IgG antibodies in mice, as well as more efficient cytokine levels. The MF59 and CPG1 adjuvant could significantly promote both humoral and cellular immunity of BNV. The MF59 adjuvant showed a balanced Th1/Th2 immune response, and the CPG1 adjuvant tended to show a Th1-favored response. The BALB/c challenge test showed that BNV could significantly reduce lung viral loads and feces viral shedding, and showed fewer lung pathological lesions than those in PBS and inactivated vaccine groups. These results suggest that this novel bivalent nanoparticle swine influenza vaccine can be used as an efficacious vaccine candidate to induce robust immunity and provide broad protection against drifted subtypes in mice. Immune efficacy in pigs needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - En-hui Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Wen-chi Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Yangling Carey Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Yangling Carey Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - En-qi Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Yangling Carey Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (E.-q.D.); (J.-y.W.)
| | - Jing-yu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (E.-q.D.); (J.-y.W.)
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6
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Qin J, Hu B, Song Q, Wang R, Zhang X, Yu Y, Wang JH. The transmembrane replacement H7N9-VLP vaccine displays high levels of protection in mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1003714. [PMID: 36274725 PMCID: PMC9582854 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1003714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of infections caused by the H7N9 subtype of the influenza virus has expanded rapidly in China in recent decades, generating massive economic loss and posing a significant threat to public health. In the absence of specialized antiviral treatments or long-term effective preventative vaccinations, it is critical to constantly enhance vaccines and create effective antiviral drugs to prevent the recurrence of pandemics. In the present study, a transmembrane-substituted (TM) virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine was created by replacing the transmembrane region of hemagglutinin (HA) protein with the transmembrane region of the H3 HA protein and then used to immunize BALB/c mice. Sera and T cells were collected from the immunized mice to evaluate the passive immune effects. Our results showed that naïve mice achieved 80–100% protection against homologous and heterologous H7N9 influenza strains after receiving passive serum immunization; the protective effect of the TM VLPs was more evident than that of the wild-type HA VLPs. In contrast, mice immunized with passive T cells achieved only 20 to 80% protection against homologous or heterologous strains. Our findings significantly contribute to understanding the control of the H7N9 virus and the development of a vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianru Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bing Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qiqi Song
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ruijuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiangfei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaqi Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Hua Wang,
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Development of an Inactivated H7N9 Subtype Avian Influenza Serological DIVA Vaccine Using the Chimeric HA Epitope Approach. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0068721. [PMID: 34585985 PMCID: PMC8557892 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00687-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, and it is necessary to develop a differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) vaccine for the purpose of eradication. H7N9 subtype AIV hemagglutinin subunit 2 glycoprotein (HA2) peptide chips and antisera of different AIV subtypes were used to screen H7N9 AIV-specific epitopes. A selected specific epitope in the HA2 protein of H7N9 AIV strain A/Chicken/Huadong/JD/17 (JD/17) was replaced with an epitope from an H3N2 subtype AIV strain by reverse genetics. The protection and serological DIVA characteristics of the recombinant H7N9 AIV strain were evaluated. The results showed that a specific epitope on the HA2 protein of H7N9 AIV, named the H7-12 peptide, was successfully screened. The recombinant H7N9 AIV with a modified epitope in the HA2 protein was rescued and named A/Chicken/Huadong/JD-cHA/17 (JD-cHA/17). The HA titer of JD-cHA/17 was 10 log2, and the 50% egg infective dose (EID50) titer was 9.67 log10 EID50/ml. Inactivated JD-cHA/17 induced a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer similar that of the parent strain and provided 100% protection against high-pathogenicity or low-pathogenicity H7N9 AIV challenge. A peptide chip coated with H7-12 peptide was successfully applied to detect the seroconversion of chickens infected or vaccinated with JD/17, while there was no reactivity with antisera of chickens vaccinated with JD-cHA/17. Therefore, the marked vaccine candidate JD-cHA/17 can be used as a DIVA vaccine against H7N9 avian influenza when combined with an H7-12 peptide chip, making it a useful tool for stamping out the H7N9 AIV. IMPORTANCE DIVA vaccine is a useful tool for eradicating avian influenza, especially for highly pathogenic avian influenza. Several different DIVA strategies have been proposed for avian influenza inactivated whole-virus vaccine, involving the neuraminidase (NA), nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e), or HA2 gene. However, virus reassortment, residual protein in a vaccine component, or reduced vaccine protection may limit the application of these DIVA strategies. Here, we constructed a novel chimeric H7N9 AIV, JD-cHA/17, that expressed the entire HA protein with substitution of an H3 AIV epitope in HA2. The chimeric H7N9 recombinant vaccine provides full clinical protection against high-pathogenicity or low-pathogenicity H7N9 AIV challenge. Combined with a short-peptide-based microarray chip containing the H7N9 AIV epitope in HA2, our finding is expected to be useful as a marker vaccine designed for avian influenza.
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Li X, Zhou Z, Liu W, Fan Y, Luo Y, Li K, Zheng Z, Tian X, Zhou R. Chinese tree shrew: a permissive model for in vitro and in vivo replication of human adenovirus species B. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:424-438. [PMID: 33622191 PMCID: PMC7971223 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1895679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) species B can cause severe acute respiratory diseases. However, the researches to combat this infection have been hampered by the lack of an animal model permissive to the virus. Here, we report in vitro and in vivo HAdV species B infections of tree shrews, the closest relative of primates. HAdV-3, -7, -14, and -55 efficiently replicated in primary cell cultures. After intranasal inoculation of tree shrews with HAdV-55, the viral replication in the oropharyngeal region remained high until day 5 post-infection and was still detected until day 12. HAdV-55 in the lung or turbinate bone tissues reached the highest levels between days 3 and 5 post-infection, which indicated viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. HAdV-55 infection caused severe interstitial pneumonia in the animal. IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and IFN-γ expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected animals was up-regulated. The pre-vaccination with HAdV-55 cleared the virus faster in the respiratory tract, mitigated lung pathological changes. Finally, HAdV-55 infection was propagated among tree shrews. Our study demonstrated that the tree shrew is a permissive animal model for HAdV species B infection and may serve as a valuable platform for testing multiple anti-viral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinzhu Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangtian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Influenza A H1 and H3 Transmembrane Domains Interact Differently with Each Other and with Surrounding Membrane Lipids. Viruses 2020; 12:v12121461. [PMID: 33348831 PMCID: PMC7765950 DOI: 10.3390/v12121461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemagglutinin (HA) is a class I viral membrane fusion protein, which is the most abundant transmembrane protein on the surface of influenza A virus (IAV) particles. HA plays a crucial role in the recognition of the host cell, fusion of the viral envelope and the host cell membrane, and is the major antigen in the immune response during the infection. Mature HA organizes in homotrimers consisting of a sequentially highly variable globular head and a relatively conserved stalk region. Every HA monomer comprises a hydrophilic ectodomain, a pre-transmembrane domain (pre-TMD), a hydrophobic transmembrane domain (TMD), and a cytoplasmic tail (CT). In recent years the effect of the pre-TMD and TMD on the structure and function of HA has drawn some attention. Using bioinformatic tools we analyzed all available full-length amino acid sequences of HA from 16 subtypes across various host species. We calculated several physico-chemical parameters of HA pre-TMDs and TMDs including accessible surface area (ASA), average hydrophobicity (Hav), and the hydrophobic moment (µH). Our data suggests that distinct differences in these parameters between the two major phylogenetic groups, represented by H1 and H3 subtypes, could have profound effects on protein–lipid interactions, trimer formation, and the overall HA ectodomain orientation and antigen exposure.
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10
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Sitaras I, Spackman E, de Jong MCM, Parris DJ. Selection and antigenic characterization of immune-escape mutants of H7N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus using homologous polyclonal sera. Virus Res 2020; 290:198188. [PMID: 33045306 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of the selection of influenza A immune escape variants by serum antibody is critical for designing effective vaccination programs for animals, especially poultry where large populations have a short generation time and may be vaccinated with high frequency. In this report, immune-escape mutants of A/turkey/New York/4450/1994 H7N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus, were selected by serially passaging the virus in the presence of continuously increasing concentrations of homologous chicken polyclonal sera. Amino acid mutations were identified by sequencing the parental hemagglutinin (HA) gene and every 10 passages by both Sanger and deep sequencing, and the antigenic distance of the mutants to the parent strain was determined. Progressively, a total of five amino acid mutations were observed over the course of 30 passages. Based on their absence from the parental virus with deep sequencing, the mutations appear to have developed de novo. The antigenic distance between the selected mutants and the parent strain increased as the number of amino acid mutations accumulated and the concentration of antibodies had to be periodically increased to maintain the same reduction in virus titer during selection. This selection system demonstrates how H7 avian influenza viruses behave under selection with homologous sera, and provides a glimpse of their evolutionary dynamics, which can be applied to developing vaccination programs that maximize the effectiveness of a vaccine over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Sitaras
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, United States National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Erica Spackman
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, United States National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA.
| | - Mart C M de Jong
- Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - D Joshua Parris
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, United States National Poultry Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
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11
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Wang Y, Lv Y, Niu X, Dong J, Feng P, Li Q, Xu W, Li J, Li C, Li J, Luo J, Li Z, Liu Y, Tan YJ, Pan W, Chen L. L226Q Mutation on Influenza H7N9 Virus Hemagglutinin Increases Receptor-Binding Avidity and Leads to Biased Antigenicity Evaluation. J Virol 2020; 94:e00667-20. [PMID: 32796071 PMCID: PMC7527056 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00667-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first outbreak in 2013, the influenza A (H7N9) virus has continued emerging and has caused over five epidemic waves. Suspected antigenic changes of the H7N9 virus based on hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay during the fifth outbreak have prompted the update of H7N9 candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs). In this study, we comprehensively compared the serological cross-reactivities induced by the hemagglutinins (HAs) of the earlier CVV A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7/AH13) and the updated A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 (H7/GD16). We found that although H7/GD16 showed poor HI cross-reactivity to immune sera from mice and rhesus macaques vaccinated with either H7/AH13 or H7/GD16, the cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies between H7/AH13 and H7/GD16 were comparably high. Passive transfer of H7/AH13 immune sera also provided complete protection against the lethal challenge of H7N9/GD16 virus in mice. Analysis of amino acid mutations in the HAs between H7/AH13 and H7/GD16 revealed that L226Q substitution increases the HA binding avidity to sialic acid receptors on red blood cells, leading to decreased HI titers against viruses containing HA Q226 and thus resulting in a biased antigenic evaluation based on HI assay. These results suggest that amino acids located in the receptor-binding site could mislead the evaluation of antigenic variation by solely impacting the receptor-binding avidity to red blood cells without genuine contribution to antigenic drift. Our study highlighted that viral receptor-binding avidity and combination of multiple serological assays should be taken into consideration in evaluating and selecting a candidate vaccine virus of H7N9 and other subtypes of influenza viruses.IMPORTANCE The HI assay is a standard method for profiling the antigenic characterization of influenza viruses. Suspected antigenic changes based on HI divergency in H7N9 viruses during the 2016-2017 wave prompted the recommendation of new H7N9 candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs). In this study, we found that the L226Q substitution in HA of A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 (H7/GD16) increased the viral receptor-binding avidity to red blood cells with no impact on the antigenicity of H7N9 virus. Although immune sera raised by an earlier vaccine strain (H7/AH13) showed poor HI titers against H7/GD16, the H7/AH13 immune sera had potent cross-neutralizing antibody titers against H7/GD16 and could provide complete passive protection against H7N9/GD16 virus challenge in mice. Our study highlights that receptor-binding avidity might lead to biased antigenic evaluation by using the HI assay. Other serological assays, such as the microneutralization (MN) assay, should be considered a complementary indicator for analysis of antigenic variation and selection of influenza CVVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhua Lv
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Niu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Dong
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Feng
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinming Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiashun Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chufang Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixia Li
- Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yichu Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yee-Joo Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System (NUHS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiqi Pan
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Jang H, Meyers LM, Boyle C, De Groot AS, Moise L, Ross TM. Immune-engineered H7N9 influenza hemagglutinin improves protection against viral influenza virus challenge. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:2042-2050. [PMID: 32783766 PMCID: PMC7553694 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1793711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The influenza hemagglutinin (HA) isolated from avian H7N9 influenza virus strains elicit weak immune responses. This low immunogenicity may be due to a regulatory T cell (Treg)-stimulating epitopes in HA from the H7N9 isolate A/Anhui/1/2013 (Anh/13). In this report, this Treg stimulating sequence was removed from the wild-type (WT) H7 HA amino acid sequence and replaced with a conserved CD4 + T cell stimulating sequences from human seasonal H3N2 strains and designed OPT1 H7 HA. The effectiveness of this optimized H7 HA protein was determined using a humanized mouse (HLA-DR3) expressing the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR3 allele. HLA-DR3 mice were pre-immunized by infecting with H3N2 influenza virus, A/Hong Kong/4108/2014 and then vaccinated intramuscularly with either the WT H7 HA from Anh/13 or the OPT1 H7 HA antigen without adjuvant. The OPT1 H7 HA vaccination group elicited higher H7 HA-specific IgG titers that resulted in a lower mortality, weight loss, and lung viral titer following lethal challenge with the H7N9 Anh/13 influenza virus compared to WT-vaccinated mice. Overall, T-cell epitope-engineered vaccines can improve the immunogenicity of H7 HA antigens resulting in enhanced survival and lower morbidity against H7N9 influenza virus challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyesun Jang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia , Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia , Athens, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Anne S De Groot
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia , Athens, GA, USA.,EpiVax , Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lenny Moise
- EpiVax , Providence, RI, USA.,Institute of Immunology and Informatics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island , Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia , Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia , Athens, GA, USA
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13
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Wu J, Wang Y, Wei Y, Xu Z, Tan X, Wu Z, Zheng J, Liu GD, Cao Y, Xue C. Disulfide isomerase ERp57 improves the stability and immunogenicity of H3N2 influenza virus hemagglutinin. Virol J 2020; 17:55. [PMID: 32316996 PMCID: PMC7175539 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemagglutinin (HA), as the surface immunogenic protein, is the most important component of influenza viruses. Previous studies showed that the stability of HA was significant for HA's immunogenicity, and many efforts have been made to stabilize the expressed HA proteins. METHODS In this study, the protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) were investigated for the ability to improve the stability of HA protein. Two members of the PDIs family, PDI and ERp57, were over-expressed or down-expressed in 293 T cells. The expression of H3 HA and PDIs were investigated by real-time qPCR, western-blot, immunofluorescence assay, and flow cytometry. The stability of HA was investigated by western-blot under non-reducing condition. Moreover, BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously twice with the vaccine that contained HA proteins from the ERp57-overexpressed and conventional 293 T cells respectively to investigate the impact of ERp57 on the immunogenicity of H3N2 HA. RESULTS The percentage of the disulfide-bonded HA trimers increased significantly in the PDIs-overexpressed 293 T cells, and ERp57 was more valid to the stability of HA than PDI. The knockdown of ERp57 by small interfering RNA significantly decreased the percentage of the disulfide-bonded HA trimers. HA proteins from ERp57-overexpressed 293 T cells stimulated the mice to generate significantly higher HA-specific IgG against H1N1 and H3N2 viruses than those from the conventional cells. The mice receiving H3 HA from ERp57-overexpressed 293 T cells showed the better resistance against H1N1 viruses and the higher survival rate than the mice receiving H3 HA from the conventional cells. CONCLUSION ERp57 could improve the stability and immunogenicity of H3N2 HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhihui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - George Dacai Liu
- Firstline Biopharmaceuticals Corporation, 12050 167th PL NE, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA
| | - Yongchang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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14
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Tsai CH, Wei SC, Jan JT, Liao LL, Chang CJ, Chao YC. Generation of Stable Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin through Structure-Guided Recombination. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2472-2482. [PMID: 31565926 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hemagglutinin (HA) is the major surface antigen of influenza virus and the most promising influenza vaccine immunogen. In 2013, the devastating H7N9 influenza virus was identified in China, which induced high mortality. The HA of this virus (H7) is relatively unstable, making it challenging to produce an effective vaccine. To improve the stability of HA protein from H7N9 influenza virus for better vaccine antigens without impairing immunogenicity, we recombined the HA from H7N9 (H7) with a more stable HA from H3N2 (H3) by structure-guided recombination, resulting in six chimeric HAs, FrA-FrF. Two of these chimeric HAs, FrB and FrC, exhibited proper hemagglutination activity and presented improved thermal stability compared to the original H7. Mice immunized with FrB and FrC elicited H7-specific antibodies comparable to those induced by parental H7, and the antisera collected from these immunized mice successfully inhibited H7N9 infection in a microneutralization assay. These results suggest that our structural-recombination approach can create stabilizing chimeric antigens while maintaining proper immunogenicity, which may not only benefit the construction of more stable HA vaccines to fight against H7N9 infection, but also facilitate effective vaccine improvements for other influenza viruses or infectious pathogens. In addition, this study also demonstrates the potential for better engineering of multimeric protein complexes like HA to achieve improved function, which are often immunologically or pharmaceutically important but difficult to modify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsuan Tsai
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sung-Chan Wei
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia-Tsrong Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lin-Li Liao
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Jung Chang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chan Chao
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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15
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Zhang Y, Xu C, Zhang H, Liu GD, Xue C, Cao Y. Targeting Hemagglutinin: Approaches for Broad Protection against the Influenza A Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11050405. [PMID: 31052339 PMCID: PMC6563292 DOI: 10.3390/v11050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses are dynamically epidemic and genetically diverse. Due to the antigenic drift and shift of the virus, seasonal vaccines are required to be reformulated annually to match with current circulating strains. However, the mismatch between vaccinal strains and circulating strains occurs frequently, resulting in the low efficacy of seasonal vaccines. Therefore, several “universal” vaccine candidates based on the structure and function of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein have been developed to meet the requirement of a broad protection against homo-/heterosubtypic challenges. Here, we review recent novel constructs and discuss several important findings regarding the broad protective efficacy of HA-based universal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Cong Xu
- Research Center of Agricultural of Dongguan City, Dongguan 523086, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - George Dacai Liu
- Firstline Biopharmaceuticals Corporation, 12,050 167th PL NE, Redmond, WA 98052, USA.
| | - Chunyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yongchang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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16
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Qin J, Peng O, Shen X, Gong L, Xue C, Cao Y. Multiple amino acid substitutions involved in the adaption of three avian-origin H7N9 influenza viruses in mice. Virol J 2019; 16:3. [PMID: 30621708 PMCID: PMC6323857 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-1109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Avian influenza A H7N9 virus has caused five outbreak waves of human infections in China since 2013 and posed a dual challenge to public health and poultry industry. The number of reported H7N9 virus human cases confirmed by laboratory has surpassed that of H5N1 virus. However, the mechanism for how H7N9 influenza virus overcomes host range barrier has not been clearly understood. Methods To generate mouse-adapted H7N9 influenza viruses, we passaged three avian-origin H7N9 viruses in mice by lung-to-lung passages independently. Then, the characteristics between the parental and mouse-adapted H7N9 viruses was compared in the following aspects, including virulence in mice, tropism of different tissues, replication in MDCK cells and molecular mutations. Results After ten passages in mice, MLD50 of the H7N9 viruses reduced >750-3,160,000 folds, and virus titers in MDCK cells increased 10-200 folds at 48 hours post-inoculation. Moreover, the mouse-adapted H7N9 viruses showed more expanded tissue tropism and more serious lung pathological lesions in mice. Further analysis of the amino acids changes revealed 10 amino acid substitutions located in PB2 (E627K), PB1 (W215R and D638G), PA (T97I), HA (H3 numbering: R220G, L226S, G279R and G493R) and NA (P3Q and R134I) proteins. Moreover, PB2 E627K substitution was shared by the three mouse-adapted viruses (two viruses belong to YRD lineage and one virus belongs to PRD lineage), and PA T97A substitution was shared by two mouse-adapted viruses (belong to YRD lineage). Conclusions Our result indicated that the virulence in mice and virus titer in MDCK cells of H7N9 viruses significantly increased after adapted in mouse model. PB2 E627K and PA T97A substitutions are vital in mouse adaption and should be monitored during epidemiological study of H7N9 virus. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-018-1109-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianru Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ouyang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yongchang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Higher Education Mega Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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17
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Qin J, Zhang Y, Shen X, Gong L, Xue C, Cao Y. Biological characteristics and immunological properties in Muscovy ducks of H5N6 virus-like particles composed of HA-TM/HA-TM H3 and M1. Avian Pathol 2018; 48:35-44. [PMID: 30404538 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2018.1546375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), including H5N6 strains, pose threats to the health of humans and poultry. Waterfowl play a crucial role as a reservoir of HPAIVs. Since current influenza vaccines induce poor antibody titres in waterfowl, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient vaccine against H5N6 infection. In this study, we constructed two H5N6 virus-like particles (VLPs) composed of matrix-1 (M1) and haemagglutinin of wildtype (HA-TM) or haemagglutinin with transmembrane domain replacement (HA-TMH3) (designated as H5N6 VLPs-TM and H5N6 VLPs-TMH3). Biological characteristics of the composed H5N6 VLPs were compared including localization, expression, contents of HA trimers, thermal stability, morphology and immunogenicity in Muscovy ducks. Our results indicate that the H5N6 VLPs-TMH3 contained more HA trimers and presented better thermal stability. Moreover, Muscovy ducks immunized with H5N6 VLPs-TMH3 produced higher titres of HI antibody and IFN-γ compared with those immunized with the same dose of H5N6 VLP-TM, thus providing a promising approach for the development of influenza virus vaccines for waterfowl. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS H5N6 VLPs-TMH3 had more HA trimers and resisted higher temperature than H5N6 VLPs-TM H5N6 VLPs-TMH3 induced higher titre of HI than H5N6 VLPs-TM in Muscovy ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianru Qin
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol , Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol , Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Shen
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol , Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Gong
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol , Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol , Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchang Cao
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol , Life Sciences School, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
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18
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Song L, Xiong D, Kang X, Jiao Y, Zhou X, Wu K, Zhou Y, Jiao X, Pan Z. The optimized fusion protein HA1-2-FliCΔD2D3 promotes mixed Th1/Th2 immune responses to influenza H7N9 with low induction of systemic proinflammatory cytokines in mice. Antiviral Res 2018; 161:10-19. [PMID: 30389471 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
H7N9 influenza virus has an unusually high fatality rate of approximately 40%, and a safe and effective vaccine against this subtype is urgently needed. Flagellin, a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 agonist, has been deemed as a potent adjuvant candidate. However, its high antigenicity and potential for causing inflammatory injury might restrict its clinical application. Previously, we demonstrated that a fusion protein, HA1-2-FliC, comprising the hemagglutinin globular head protein (HA1-2) of H7N9 influenza virus and the full-length Salmonella typhimurium flagellin protein (FliC), had high efficiency against H7N9 in mouse and chicken models. Here, we constructed an improved fusion protein, HA1-2-FliCΔD2D3, with HA1-2 fused to the FliCΔD2D3 (lacking the hypervariable-region domains D2 and D3 of FliC). HA1-2-FliCΔD2D3 exhibited efficient immunoreactivity and TLR5 agonist efficacy, and promoted innate immune-response activation in mouse macrophages, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and splenocytes, based on cytokine- and chemokine-expression profiles. Mice immunized with HA1-2-FliCΔD2D3 showed significantly lower systemic inflammatory responses (compared with HA1-2-FliC) and highly reduced flagellin-specific antibody production, without affecting HA1-2-specific antibody production and cellular immune responses. Enhanced IFN-γ/IL-4 generation suggested that HA1-2-FliCΔD2D3 maintained balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses. Furthermore, virus challenge was performed in a chicken model. The results showed that chickens receiving FliCΔD2D3 adjuvant vaccine induced high levels of serum neutralizing antibodies, and exhibited a significant reduction of viral loads in throat and cloaca compared to chickens receiving only HA1-2. In conclusion, we constructed the H7N9 influenza subunit vaccine candidate HA1-2-FliCΔD2D3, with reduced immunogenicity against FliC and lower adverse events. The improved adjuvant FliCΔD2D3 can potentially help in developing safe and effective universal protein-based influenza vaccines for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xilong Kang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Health and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kaiyue Wu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Zhiming Pan
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Li Q, Xu Z, Wu T, Peng O, Huang L, Zhang Y, Xue C, Wen Z, Zhou Q, Cao Y. A flagellin-adjuvanted PED subunit vaccine improved protective efficiency against PEDV variant challenge in pigs. Vaccine 2018; 36:4228-4235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Liu T, Zhou Z, Tian X, Liu W, Xu D, Fan Y, Liao J, Gu S, Li X, Zhou R. A recombinant trivalent vaccine candidate against human adenovirus types 3, 7, and 55. Vaccine 2018; 36:2199-2206. [PMID: 29548605 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses types 3 (HAdV-3), 7 (HAdV-7) and 55 (HAdV-55) are major pathogens of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children and adults. More than one type of HAdV can infect patients simultaneously, and the infections are sometimes fatal. However, there is currently no vaccine approved for general use in children and adults. Thus, development of a multivalent HAdV vaccine to combat HAdV infection becomes imperative. In this study, we constructed a new recombinant trivalent human adenovirus vaccine (rAdMHE3-h55), which expresses the hexon protein of HAdV-55 in the E3 region of rAdMHE3, a previously prepared bivalent vaccine candidate against HAdV-3 and HAdV-7. The results of in vitro neutralization assays indicate that rAdMHE3-h55 can induce the production of neutralizing antibodies against HAdV-3, HAdV-7, and HAdV-55 in mice. Furthermore, immunization with the recombinant trivalent vaccine candidate completely protected the mice challenged with HAdV-3, HAdV-7, orHAdV-55, respectively, showing lower lung viral loads and less lung Pathological changes was compared with those in unvaccinated mice. The current findings contribute to the development of a new adenovirus vaccine candidate and also advance this construction method for the generation of recombinant adenovirus vaccines. In conclusion, our recombinant trivalent vaccine rAdMHE3-h55 can provides protection against challenge with HAdV-3, HAdV-7, or HAdV-55 in mice. Future work of optimizing this vaccine candidate may lead to a more effective way of preventing respiratory diseases caused by common human adenoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenkuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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21
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Li Q, Peng O, Wu T, Xu Z, Huang L, Zhang Y, Xue C, Wen Z, Zhou Q, Cao Y. PED subunit vaccine based on COE domain replacement of flagellin domain D3 improved specific humoral and mucosal immunity in mice. Vaccine 2018; 36:1381-1388. [PMID: 29426660 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an important re-emergent infectious disease and inflicts huge economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. To meet the pressing need of developing a safe and cost-efficient PED maternal vaccine, we generated three PED subunit vaccine candidates, using recombined Salmonella flagellin (rSF) as a mucosal molecular adjuvant. Domain D3 in rSF was replaced with COE domain of PEDV to generate rSF-COE-3D. COE fused to the flanking C'/N' terminal of rSF yielded rSF-COE-C and rSF-COE-N. As a result, rSF-COE-3D could significantly improve COE specific antibody production including serum IgG, serum IgA, mucosal IgA and PEDV neutralizing antibody. Furthermore, rSF-COE-3D elicited more CD3+CD8+ T cell and cytokine production of IFN-γ and IL-4 in mouse splenocytes. In summary, our data showed that rSF-COE-3D could improve specific humoral and mucosal immunity in mice, thus suggesting that rSF-COE-3D could be applied as a novel efficient maternal PED vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianniu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ouyang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Licheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhifen Wen
- Guangdong Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co, Ltd, Yunfu 527300, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhou
- Guangdong Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co, Ltd, Yunfu 527300, China
| | - Yongchang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Wen's Foodstuffs Group Co, Ltd, Yunfu 527300, China.
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22
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Recombinant influenza H9N2 virus with a substitution of H3 hemagglutinin transmembrane domain showed enhanced immunogenicity in mice and chicken. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17923. [PMID: 29263359 PMCID: PMC5738434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, avian influenza virus H9N2 undergoing antigenic drift represents a threat to poultry farming as well as public health. Current vaccines are restricted to inactivated vaccine strains and their related variants. In this study, a recombinant H9N2 (H9N2-TM) strain with a replaced H3 hemagglutinin (HA) transmembrane (TM) domain was generated. Virus assembly and viral protein composition were not affected by the transmembrane domain replacement. Further, the recombinant TM-replaced H9N2-TM virus could provide better inter-clade protection in both mice and chickens against H9N2, suggesting that the H3-TM-replacement could be considered as a strategy to develop efficient subtype-specific H9N2 influenza vaccines.
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23
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Research progress in human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:1299-1306. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Hu Z, Jiao X, Liu X. Antibody Immunity Induced by H7N9 Avian Influenza Vaccines: Evaluation Criteria, Affecting Factors, and Implications for Rational Vaccine Design. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1898. [PMID: 29018438 PMCID: PMC5622983 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe H7N9 avian influenza virus (AIV) infections in humans have public health authorities around the world on high alert for the potential development of a human influenza pandemic. Currently, the newly-emerged highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N9) virus poses a dual challenge for public health and poultry industry. Numerous H7N9 vaccine candidates have been generated using various platforms. Immunization trials in animals and humans showed that H7N9 vaccines are apparently poorly immunogenic because they induced low hemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralizing antibody titers. However, H7N9 vaccines elicit comparable levels of total hemagglutinin (HA)-reactive IgG antibody as the seasonal influenza vaccines, suggesting H7N9 vaccines are as immunogenic as their seasonal counterparts. A large fraction of overall IgG antibody is non-neutralizing antibody and they target unrecognized epitopes outside of the traditional antigenic sites in HA. Further, the Treg epitope identified in H7 HA may at least partially contribute to regulation of antibody immunity. Here, we review the latest advances for the development of H7N9 vaccines and discuss the influence of serological criteria on evaluation of immunogenicity of H7N9 vaccines. Next, we discuss factors affecting antibody immunity induced by H7N9 vaccines, including the change in antigenic epitopes in HA and the presence of the Treg epitope. Last, we present our perspectives for the unique features of antibody immunity of H7N9 vaccines and propose some future directions to improve or modify antibody response induced by H7N9 vaccines. This perspective would provide critical implications for rational design of H7N9 vaccines for human and veterinary use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-Food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-Food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wu J, Lin Y, Wu Z, Wei Y, Wei X, Qin J, Xue C, Liu GD, Cao Y. Recombinant influenza H7 hemagglutinin containing CFLLC minidomain in the transmembrane domain showed enhanced cross-protection in mice. Virus Res 2017; 242:16-23. [PMID: 28912070 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Since February 2013, H7N9 influenza virus, causing human infections with high mortality in China, has been a potential pandemic threat. The H7N9 viruses are found to diverge into distinct genotypes as other influenza viruses; thus a vaccine that can provide sufficient cross-protection against different genotypes of H7N9 viruses is urgently needed. Our previous studies demonstrated that the HA-based structural design approach by introducing a CFLLC minidomain into transmembrane domain (TM) of H1, H5 or H9 hemagglutinin (HA) proteins by replacing with H3 subtype HA TM could enhance their cross-protection. In this study, we used Sf9 insect cell expression system to express recombinant H7 HA proteins H7-53WT, in which HA gene was derived from H7N9-53 strain, and H7-53TM containing CFLLC minidomian by replacing its TM domain with H3 HA TM. We investigated whether introduction of CFLLC minidomain into H7 HA (H7-53TM) could increase its cross-reactivity and cross-protection against different genotypes of H7N9 viruses. The results showed that the H7-53TM either with or without squalene adjuvant induced increased HI antibodies, serum IgG antibodies, and IFN-γ production to a panel of 7 H7N9 viruses in mice. Vaccinated animals with H7-53TM alone showed complete protection against challenge with heterologous H7N9-MCX strain, while H7-53WT alone showed incomplete protection (80%). Furthermore, mice vaccinated with H7-53TM HA showed less body weight loss and less pulmonary lesions and inflammation after challenge with homologous or heterologous H7N9 viruses, comparing to H7-53WT. In summary, this study presents a better subunit vaccine candidate (H7-53TM) against potential H7N9 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jialing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhihui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaona Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianru Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - George Dacai Liu
- Firstline Biopharmaceuticals Corporation, 12050 167th PL NE, Redmond, WA 98052, USA
| | - Yongchang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Su S, Gu M, Liu D, Cui J, Gao GF, Zhou J, Liu X. Epidemiology, Evolution, and Pathogenesis of H7N9 Influenza Viruses in Five Epidemic Waves since 2013 in China. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25:713-728. [PMID: 28734617 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
H7N9 influenza viruses were first isolated in 2013 and continue to cause human infections. H7N9 infections represent an ongoing public health threat that has resulted in 1344 cases with 511 deaths as of April 9, 2017. This highlights the continued threat posed by the current poultry trade and live poultry market system in China. Until now, there have been five H7N9 influenza epidemic waves in China; however, the steep increase in the number of humans infected with H7N9 viruses observed in the fifth wave, beginning in October 2016, the spread into western provinces, and the emergence of highly pathogenic (HP) H7N9 influenza outbreaks in chickens and infection in humans have caused domestic and international concern. In this review, we summarize and compare the different waves of H7N9 regarding their epidemiology, pathogenesis, evolution, and characteristic features, and speculate on factors behind the recent increase in the number of human cases and sudden outbreaks in chickens. The continuous evolution of the virus poses a long-term threat to public health and the poultry industry, and thus it is imperative to strengthen prevention and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Su
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Di Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing, China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Collaborative Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Jiangsu Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Prevention and Control of Poultry Disease, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
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