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Woyessa AM, Bultum LE, Lee D. Designing combinational herbal drugs based on target space analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:179. [PMID: 38693521 PMCID: PMC11064244 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional oriental medicines (TOMs) are a medical practice that follows different philosophies to pharmaceutical drugs and they have been in use for many years in different parts of the world. In this study, by integrating TOM formula and pharmaceutical drugs, we performed target space analysis between TOM formula target space and small-molecule drug target space. To do so, we manually curated 46 TOM formulas that are known to treat Anxiety, Diabetes mellitus, Epilepsy, Hypertension, Obesity, and Schizophrenia. Then, we employed Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) properties such as human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) inhibition, Carcinogenicity, and AMES toxicity to filter out potentially toxic herbal ingredients. The target space analysis was performed between TOM formula and small-molecule drugs: (i) both are known to treat the same disease, and (ii) each known to treat different diseases. Statistical significance of the overlapped target space between the TOM formula and small-molecule drugs was measured using support value. Support value distribution from randomly selected target space was calculated to validate the result. Furthermore, the Si-Wu-Tang (SWT) formula and published literature were also used to evaluate our results. RESULT This study tried to provide scientific evidence about the effectiveness of the TOM formula to treat the main indication with side effects that could come from the use of small-molecule drugs. The target space analysis between TOM formula and small-molecule drugs in which both are known to treat the same disease shows that many targets overlapped between the two medications with a support value of 0.84 and weighted average support of 0.72 for a TOM formula known to treat Epilepsy. Furthermore, support value distribution from randomly selected target spaces in this analysis showed that the number of overlapped targets is much higher between TOM formula and small-molecule drugs that are known to treat the same disease than in randomly selected target spaces. Moreover, scientific literature was also used to evaluate the medicinal efficacy of individual herbs. CONCLUSION This study provides an evidence to the effectiveness of a TOM formula to treat the main indication as well as side effects associated with the use of pharmaceutical drugs, as demonstrated through target space analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assefa Mussa Woyessa
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Bio-Synergy Research Center, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Lemessa Etana Bultum
- Bio-Synergy Research Center, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
- Institute of Agricultural Life Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, South Korea
| | - Doheon Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Bio-Synergy Research Center, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
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Lu M, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang C, Wang H, Sha W, Chen L, Lei T, Liu L. Berberine inhibits gluconeogenesis in spontaneous diabetic rats by regulating the AKT/MAPK/NO/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-022-04604-z. [PMID: 36598615 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This work was aimed to investigate the action mechanism of berberine (BBR) on gluconeogenesis. The effects of BBR were examined in rat primary hepatocytes and confirmed in vivo in spontaneous diabetic rats. Protein levels were assessed by Western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized for visualizing protein expression, while qRT-PCR helped for the determination of gene expression at the mRNA level. Besides, cGMP concentration was measured using ELISA, whereas NO level was assessed by spectrophotometry. BBR inhibited gluconeogenesis by downregulating G6Pase and PEPCK via inhibition of CREB phosphorylation. Moreover, BBR enhanced NO and cGMP concentrations, leading to the activation of the NO/cGMP/PKG signaling via activating AKT1/MAPK axis. The in vivo experiments were consistent with the findings obtained in vitro. Hence, BBR represents a drug candidate for diabetic patients and its mechanism of action may be driven via the AKT/MAPK/NO/cGMP/PKG pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Putuo District Liqun Hospital, 910 Taopu Road, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuanye Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wenjun Sha
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Limei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Hou L, Peng X, Wang R, Wang Y, Li H, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z. Oral nano-formulation improves pancreatic islets dysfunction via lymphatic transport for antidiabetic treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [PMID: 37521855 PMCID: PMC10373096 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapy is facing the challenges of long-term medication and gradual destruction of pancreatic islet β-cells. Therefore, it is timely to develop oral prolonged action formulations to improve compliance, while restoring β-cells survival and function. Herein, we designed a simple nanoparticle with enhanced oral absorption and pancreas accumulation property, which combined apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter-mediated intestinal uptake and lymphatic transportation. In this system, taurocholic acid (TCA) modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was employed to achieve pancreas location, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was loaded to execute therapeutic efficacy, and 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC) was introduced as stabilizer together with synergist (PLGA-TCA/DLPC/HCQ). In vitro and in vivo results have proven that PLGA-TCA/DLPC/HCQ reversed the pancreatic islets damage and dysfunction, thus impeding hyperglycemia progression and restoring systemic glucose homeostasis via only once administration every day. In terms of mechanism PLGA-TCA/DLPC/HCQ ameliorated oxidative stress, remodeled the inflammatory pancreas microenvironment, and activated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway without obvious toxicity. This strategy not only provides an oral delivery platform for increasing absorption and pancreas targetability but also opens a new avenue for thorough T2DM treatment.
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Ghavipanje N, Fathi Nasri MH, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E. An insight into the potential of berberine in animal nutrition: Current knowledge and future perspectives. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 107:808-829. [PMID: 36031857 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In animal nutrition, the interest for novel feed additives has expanded with elevating industry standards and consumer awareness besides the demand for healthy animal-derived food products. Consumer and animal health are leading concerns dictating the importance of novel animal feed additives. Berberine (BBR) is a natural pentacyclic isoquinoline alkaloid that has exhibited diverse pharmacological properties, including metabolism-regulating, hepatoprotective, and inflammatory alleviative in addition to its antioxidant activity. Despite detailed information on cellular mechanisms associated with BBR therapeutics, and strong clinical evidence, only a few studies have focused on BBR applied to animal nutrition. However, great pieces of evidence have shown that dietary BBR supplementation could result in improved growth performance, enhanced oxido-inflammatory markers, and mitigated metabolic dysfunctions in both monogastric and ruminant animals. The data discussed in the present review may set the basis for further research on BBR in animal diets for developing novel strategies aiming to improve animal health as well as products with beneficial properties for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Ghavipanje
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Expatiating the Pharmacological and Nanotechnological Aspects of the Alkaloidal Drug Berberine: Current and Future Trends. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123705. [PMID: 35744831 PMCID: PMC9229453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, herbal compounds have been the focus of scientific interest for the last several centuries, and continuous research into their medicinal potential is underway. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from plants that possess a broad array of medicinal properties, including anti-diarrheal, anti-fibrotic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic, antidepressant, and anxiolytic effects, and is frequently utilized as a traditional Chinese medicine. BBR promotes metabolisms of glucose and lipids by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, stimulating glycolysis and inhibiting functions of mitochondria; all of these ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus. BBR has also been shown to have benefits in congestive heart failure, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. BBR has been investigated as an interesting pharmacophore with the potential to contribute significantly to the research and development of novel therapeutic medicines for a variety of disorders. Despite its enormous therapeutic promise, the clinical application of this alkaloid was severely limited because of its unpleasant pharmacokinetic characteristics. Poor bioavailability, limited absorption, and poor water solubility are some of the obstacles that restricted its use. Nanotechnology has been suggested as a possible solution to these problems. The present review aims at recent updates on important therapeutic activities of BBR and different types of nanocarriers used for the delivery of BBR in different diseases.
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Efficient Consecutive Synthesis of Ethyl-2-(4-Aminophenoxy) Acetate, a Precursor for Dual GK and PPARγ Activators, X-ray Structure, Hirshfeld Analysis, and DFT Studies. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a facile synthesis of ethyl-2-(4-aminophenoxy)acetate 4 as a building synthon for novel dual hypoglycemic agents. This building template was synthesized by alkylation of 4-nitrophenol with ethyl bromo-acetate followed by selective reduction of the nitro group. This reduction methoddoes not require nascent hydrogen or any reaction complexity; it goes easily via consecutive reaction in NH4Cl/Fe to yield our target synthon as very pure crystals. This product was characterized by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, COSY, NOESY NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Additionally, its structure was studied and approved by X-ray single crystal structure determination. The unit cell parameters are a= 8.2104(6)Å, b = 10.3625(9)Å, c = 11.9562(9) Å, α=101.787(7), β= 91.849(6), and γ=102.755(7)°, indicating that 4 was crystallized in the triclinic crystal system. The cooperative non-covalent interactions are also discussed with the aid of Hirshfeld surface analysis. The H…H, H…C, and O…H interactions have a major contribution in the molecular packing of 4. Moreover, different quantum chemical parameters were computed and discussed based on DFT calculations. The experimental UV/Vis spectra showed two bands at 299 and 234 nm, which were calculated using the TD-DFT method at 286 (f= 0.068) and 226 nm (f=0.294), respectively. These bands were assigned to HOMO→LUMO (95%) and HOMO→LUMO+2 (86%) transitions, respectively.
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Development of an Innovative Berberine Food-Grade Formulation with an Ameliorated Absorption: In Vitro Evidence Confirmed by Healthy Human Volunteers Pharmacokinetic Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7563889. [PMID: 34904017 PMCID: PMC8665891 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7563889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate in vitro solubility, bioaccessibility, and cytotoxic profile, together with a pharmacokinetic profile by oral administration to healthy volunteers of a novel food-grade berberine formulation (BBR-PP, i.e., berberine Phytosome®). Results An in vitro increase of solubility in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and an improved bioaccessibility at intestinal level along with a lower cytotoxicity with respect to berberine were observed with BBR-PP. The pharmacokinetic profile of the oral administration to healthy volunteers confirmed that berberine Phytosome® significantly ameliorated berberine absorption, in comparison to unformulated berberine, without any observed side effects. The berberine plasma concentrations observed with both doses of BBR-PP were significantly higher than those seen after unformulated berberine administration, starting from 45 min (free berberine) and 30 min (total berberine). Furthermore, BBR-PP improved berberine bioavailability (AUC) was significantly higher, around 10 times on molar basis and with observed dose linearity, compared to the unformulated berberine. Conclusion These findings open new perspectives on the use of this healthy berberine formulation in metabolic discomforts.
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Ghavipanje N, Fathi Nasri MH, Farhangfar SH, Ghiasi SE, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E. Pre- and Post-partum Berberine Supplementation in Dairy Goats as a Novel Strategy to Mitigate Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:743455. [PMID: 34722705 PMCID: PMC8552069 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.743455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As in dairy cattle, goats during the transition period face risk factors, in particular negative energy balance (NEB), inflammation, and impairment of the antioxidant response. The current study determined the effects of pre- and post-partum berberine (BBR) supplementation on antioxidant status and inflammation response during the transition period in dairy goats. Twenty-four primiparous Saanen goats were randomly divided into four groups: control (CON, without BBR) and supplemented with 1 g/day BBR (BBR1), 2 g/day BBR (BBR2), or 4 g/day BBR (BBR4). The blood samples were collected weekly from 21 days pre-partum to 21 days post-partum. Compared with CON, supplementation with either BBR2 or BBR4 decreased (P ≤ 0.05) the levels of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) at kidding and thereafter an increased (P ≤ 0.05) the plasma levels of glucose and insulin. Following BBR ingestion, blood antioxidant status elevated throughout the transition period, so that total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activity were increased (P ≤ 0.05) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased (P ≤ 0.05). Likewise, paraoxonase (PON) was reduced (P ≤ 0.05) in goats fed BBR2 and BBR4. The levels of haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and bilirubin were reduced (P ≤ 0.05) by BBR2 and BBR4 immediately before kidding and thereafter. The results demonstrated that supplementation of either 2 or 4 g/day BBR enhanced antioxidant capacity and immune function of transition goats and improved post-partum performance showing its beneficial effect to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation during the transition period in dairy goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Ghavipanje
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | | | | | - Seyyed Ehsan Ghiasi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacological Activities of Berberine in Diabetes Mellitus Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9987097. [PMID: 34471420 PMCID: PMC8405293 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9987097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has good clinical application prospects in diabetes treatment. In addition, TCM is less toxic and/or has fewer side effects and provides various therapeutic effects. Berberine (BBR) is isolated as the main component in many TCM kinds (e.g., Rhizoma Coptidis and Berberidis Cortex). Furthermore, BBR can reduce blood sugar and blood fat, alleviate inflammation, and improve the state of patients. Based on the recent study results of BBR in diabetes treatment, the BBR pharmacokinetics and mechanism on diabetes are mainly studied, and the specific molecular mechanism of related experimental BBR is systematically summarized and analyzed. Clinical studies have proved that BBR has a good therapeutic effect on diabetes, suggesting that BBR may be a promising drug candidate for diabetes. More detailed BBR mechanisms and pathways of BBR need to be studied further in depth, which will help understand the BBR pharmacology in diabetes treatment.
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Wang L, Kong H, Jin M, Li X, Stoika R, Lin H, Liu K. Synthesis of disaccharide modified berberine derivatives and their anti-diabetic investigation in zebrafish using a fluorescence-based technology. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 18:3563-3574. [PMID: 32347284 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Berberine is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid and has been used as an important functional food additive in China due to its various pharmacological activities. Berberine exhibits great potential for developing anti-diabetic agents against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as it can reduce the blood glucose level in many animal models. However, the low anti-diabetic activity and poor bioavailability of berberine (below 5%) by oral administration significantly limit its practical applications. To solve these problems, this article focuses on the structural modification of berberine using some disaccharide groups, because the carbohydrate moiety has been proved to improve the bioavailability and enhance the receptor-binding affinity of drugs. Anti-diabetic investigation of the synthesized compounds was performed in a zebrafish model using a fluorescently labelled glucose analog 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-d-glucose (2-NBDG) as a glucose tracker. The results indicated that the modification of berberine with carbohydrate groups could give derivatives with improved anti-diabetic activity, in particular the diglucose modified berberine derivative 1 which could dramatically promote the uptake of 2-NBDG in both zebrafish larvae and their eyes even at very low concentrations. Furthermore, the fluorescence-based anti-diabetic investigation method in zebrafish shows great potential for anti-diabetic drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China.
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Morais PAB, Francisco CS, de Paula H, Ribeiro R, Eloy MA, Javarini CL, Neto ÁC, Júnior VL. Semisynthetic Triazoles as an Approach in the Discovery of Novel Lead Compounds. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210126100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, medicinal chemistry has been concerned with the approach of organic
chemistry for new drug synthesis. Considering the fruitful collections of new molecular entities,
the dedicated efforts for medicinal chemistry are rewarding. Planning and search for new
and applicable pharmacologic therapies involve the altruistic nature of the scientists. Since
the 19th century, notoriously applying isolated and characterized plant-derived compounds in
modern drug discovery and various stages of clinical development highlight its viability and
significance. Natural products influence a broad range of biological processes, covering transcription,
translation, and post-translational modification, being effective modulators of most
basic cellular processes. The research of new chemical entities through “click chemistry”
continuously opens up a map for the remarkable exploration of chemical space towards leading
natural products optimization by structure-activity relationship. Finally, in this review, we expect to gather a
broad knowledge involving triazolic natural product derivatives, synthetic routes, structures, and their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Alves Bezerra Morais
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Carla Santana Francisco
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Heberth de Paula
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Ribeiro
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Mariana Alves Eloy
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Clara Lirian Javarini
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Cunha Neto
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda Júnior
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Ng PQ, Ling LSC, Chellian J, Madheswaran T, Panneerselvam J, Kunnath AP, Gupta G, Satija S, Mehta M, Hansbro PM, Collet T, Dua K, Chellappan DK. Applications of Nanocarriers as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Active Phytoconstituents. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4580-4590. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200610111013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many plant-based bioactive compounds have been serving as the origin of drugs since long ago and
many of them have been proven to have medicinal value against various chronic diseases, including, cancer,
arthritis, hepatic diseases, type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, their clinical applications have
been limited due to their poor water solubility, stability, low bioavailability and extensive transformation due to
the first-pass metabolism. The applications of nanocarriers have been proven to be able to improve the delivery of
bioactive phytoconstituents, resulting in the enhancement of various pharmacokinetic properties and thereby
increasing the therapeutic value of phytoconstituents. These biocompatible nanocarriers also exert low toxicity to
healthy cells. This review focuses on the uses and applications of different types of nanocarriers to enhance the
delivery of phytoconstituents for the treatment of various chronic diseases, along with comparisons related to
bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of nano phytoconstituents with native phytoconstituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phui Qi Ng
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Laura Soon Cheau Ling
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Jestin Chellian
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jithendra Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anil Philip Kunnath
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Meenu Mehta
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Philip Michael Hansbro
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Trudi Collet
- Innovative Medicines Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Tajik Kord M, Pourrajab F, Hekmatimoghaddam S. Ginger Extract Increases GLUT-4 Expression Preferentially Through AMPK Than PI3K Signalling Pathways in C2C12 Muscle Cells. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3231-3238. [PMID: 32982354 PMCID: PMC7501966 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s260224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There are two signal transduction pathways related to glucose metabolism in C2C12 mouse myoblast cells; one through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the other through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Ginger is reported to have hypoglycemic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the exact mechanism of action of ginger in those pathways. METHODS C2C12 cells were seeded to four separate experimental groups; Control: treated with 50 μg/mL DMSO in the absence of any inhibitor; Treatment 1: treated with 50 μg/mL ethyl acetate ginger extract without any inhibitor; Treatment 2: treated with 50 μg/mL extract in the presence of 20 μM AMPK inhibitor; Treatment 3: treated with 50 μg/mL extract in the presence of 25 μM PI3K inhibitor. The amount of GLUT-4 protein (an important glucose transporter) was determined in cytosolic and membrane fractions using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. RESULTS GLUT-4 concentration was significantly higher in the membrane fraction of cells treated with ethyl acetate ginger extract in the absence of any inhibitor in comparison with cells treated with this extract in the presence of each of the inhibitors (P-value < 0.05). GLUT-4 quantity in the membrane fractions in all groups was more than cytosolic fractions. The amount of GLUT-4 in membrane fraction of treated cells in the presence of PI3K inhibitor was higher than in the cells treated with this extract in the presence of AMPK inhibitor (P-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION Ethyl acetate ginger extract affects the amount of GLUT-4 protein in membrane and cytosolic fractions of C2C12 myoblast cells mostly through AMPK pathway but less via PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Tajik Kord
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pourrajab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyedhossein Hekmatimoghaddam
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Afshar Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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14
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Singh A, Zhao K, Bell C, Shah AJ. Effect of berberine on in vitro metabolism of sulfonylureas: A herb-drug interactions study. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 4:e8651. [PMID: 31721320 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Patients with type 2 diabetes may co-ingest herbal and prescription medicines to control their blood sugar levels. Competitive binding of drug and herb may mutually affect their metabolism. This can alter the level of drug and its kinetics in the body, potentially causing toxicities or loss of efficacy. Understanding how the metabolism of sulfonylureas like glyburide and gliclazide can be affected by the presence of berberine and vice versa can provide valuable information on the possible risk of toxicities caused by co-ingestion of drugs. METHODS Berberine and sulfonylureas (glyburide and gliclazide) were co-incubated with rat liver microsomes in the presence of a NADPH-regenerating system. The metabolites of berberine and sulfonylureas were analysed using liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode. The role of individual isozymes in the metabolism of berberine, glyburide and gliclazide was investigated by using specific inhibitors. RESULTS In vitro metabolism of berberine led to the formation of demethyleneberberine (B1a) and its isomer B1b through demethylenation. Berberrubine (B2a) and its isomer B2b were formed through demethylation. The isozymes CYP3A and CYP2D were found to be involved in the metabolism of berberine. In vitro metabolism of glyburide and gliclazide led to the formation of hydroxylated metabolites. The isozymes CYP3A and CYP2C were found to be involved in the metabolism of glyburide. Gliclazide was metabolised by CYP2C. In vitro co-incubation of glyburide or gliclazide with berberine showed that each drug's metabolism was compromised as they share a common isozyme. A strong negative linear correlation of glyburide or gliclazide metabolite levels and the concentration of berberine confirmed the effect of berberine on the metabolism of sulfonylureas. CONCLUSIONS The metabolism of sulfonylureas and berberine was affected when these compounds were co-incubated with each other. This may be attributable to competitive binding of the herb and drug to the catalytic sites of the same isozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrinder Singh
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Kaicun Zhao
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Celia Bell
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Ajit J Shah
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London, NW4 4BT, UK
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Gu H, Liu A, Ma W, Ni J, Ma C, Zhou X, Liu Z, Xia D, Tian X, Shi L, Zhu L. Berberine hydrochloride mitigates acute pancreatitis by suppressing the TLR4/IκBα/NFκB pathway. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1765885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huali Gu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Liu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiping Ma
- Department of Editorial, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Ni
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengtai Ma
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Zhou
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenfang Liu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Xia
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xintao Tian
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Han L, Sheng W, Li X, Sik A, Lin H, Liu K, Wang L. Novel carbohydrate modified berberine derivatives: synthesis and in vitro anti-diabetic investigation. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:598-605. [PMID: 31057739 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Berberine is a bioactive alkaloid used in Chinese medicine and has numerous positive effects on biological systems. This paper describes the facile and highly efficient synthesis of some carbohydrate modified berberine derivatives, and conjugation of the carbohydrate moiety with berberine was finished by "click" chemistry. The cytotoxicity and anti-diabetic measurements of all berberine derivatives were accomplished on HepG2 cell lines, and the results indicated that most of the derivatives exhibit higher anti-diabetic activity than berberine. The mannose modified berberine derivative has significantly lower cytotoxicity than berberine, and the induced IC50 value of this derivative is nearly 1.5 times that of berberine. Furthermore, this mannose modified berberine derivative exhibits high anti-diabetic activity at both high and low drug concentrations, thereby indicating its potential application for the development of novel anti-diabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Han
- Biology Institute , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250014 , Shandong Province , China . ; ; Tel: +8613869197581
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250014 , Shandong Province , China . ; ; Tel: +8613869197581
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Biology Institute , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250014 , Shandong Province , China . ; ; Tel: +8613869197581
| | - Attila Sik
- Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries , University of Pecs , Ifjúság útja 20 , Pécs , 7624 , Hungary
| | - Houwen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs , State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes , Department of Pharmacy , Ren Ji Hospital , School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 , China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250014 , Shandong Province , China . ; ; Tel: +8613869197581
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250014 , Shandong Province , China . ; ; Tel: +8613869197581
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17
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Tian X, Liu F, Li Z, Lin Y, Liu H, Hu P, Chen M, Sun Z, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Han L, Zhang Y, Pan G, Huang C. Enhanced Anti-diabetic Effect of Berberine Combined With Timosaponin B2 in Goto-Kakizaki Rats, Associated With Increased Variety and Exposure of Effective Substances Through Intestinal Absorption. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:19. [PMID: 30733676 PMCID: PMC6353801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Inspired by the traditionally clinical application of herb pair Zhimu-Huangbo to treat diabetes, a combination of plant ingredients, timosaponin B2 (TB-2) and berberine (BBR), was evaluated for their anti-diabetic efficacy and cooperative mechanisms. Methods: The efficacy and pharmacokinetics of orally administered TB-2 (33.3 mg/kg/day), BBR (66.7 mg/kg/day), and TB-2+BBR (100 mg/kg/day) were evaluated in spontaneously non-obese diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, and metformin (200 mg/kg/day) was used as a positive control. The comparative exposure of the parent drugs, timosaponin A3 (TB-2 metabolite), and M1–M5 (BBR metabolites) was quantified in the portal vein plasma (before hepatic disposition), liver, and systemic plasma (after hepatic disposition) of normal rats on single and combination treatments. Cooperative mechanism of TB-2 and BBR on intestinal absorption and hepatic metabolism was investigated in Caco-2 cells and primary hepatocytes, respectively. Results: After a 6-week experiment, non-fasting and fasting blood glucose levels and oral glucose tolerance test results showed that TB-2+BBR treatments (100 mg/kg/day) displayed significantly anti-diabetic efficacy in GK rats, comparable to that on metformin treatments. However, no significant improvement was observed on TB-2 or BBR treatments alone. Compared to single treatments, combination treatments led to the increased circulating levels of BBR by 107% in GK rats. In normal rats, the hepatic exposure of BBR, timosaponin A3, and M1–M5 was several hundred folds higher than their circulating levels. Co-administration also improved the levels in the plasma and liver by 41–114% for BBR, 141–230% for TB-2, and 12–282% for M1–M5. In vitro, the interaction between TB-2 and BBR was mediated by intestinal absorption, rather than hepatic metabolism. Conclusion: Combining TB-2 and BBR enhanced the anti-diabetic efficacy by increasing the in vivo variety of effective substances, including the parent compounds and active metabolites, and improving the levels of those substances through intestinal absorption. This study is a new attempt to assess the effects of combined plant ingredients on diabetes by scientifically utilizing clinical experience of an herb pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfei Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingcang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolin Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Han
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoyu Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenggang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Ma X, Chen Z, Wang L, Wang G, Wang Z, Dong X, Wen B, Zhang Z. The Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: Its Inhibition by Berberine. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:782. [PMID: 30100874 PMCID: PMC6072898 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial knowledge on the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) by oxidative stress and inflammation is available. Berberine is a biologically active botanical that can combat oxidative stress and inflammation and thus ameliorate DM, especially type 2 DM. This article describes the potential of berberine against oxidative stress and inflammation with special emphasis on its mechanistic aspects. In diabetic animal studies, the modified levels of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers were observed after administering berberine. In renal, fat, hepatic, pancreatic and several others tissues, berberine-mediated suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation was noted. Berberine acted against oxidative stress and inflammation through a very complex mechanism consisting of several kinases and signaling pathways involving various factors, including NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) and AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinases). Moreover, MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) and Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2) also have mechanistic involvement in oxidative stress and inflammation. In spite of above advancements, the mechanistic aspects of the inhibitory role of berberine against oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes mellitus still necessitate additional molecular studies. These studies will be useful to examine the new prospects of natural moieties against DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Ma
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjun Chen
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Le Wang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gesheng Wang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Wang
- Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - XiaoBo Dong
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Binyu Wen
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichen Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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19
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Ma YG, Liang L, Zhang YB, Wang BF, Bai YG, Dai ZJ, Xie MJ, Wang ZW. Berberine reduced blood pressure and improved vasodilation in diabetic rats. J Mol Endocrinol 2017; 59:191-204. [PMID: 28515053 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and hypertension are considered to be the two leading risk factors for vascular disease in diabetic patients. However, few pharmacologic agents could provide a combinational therapy for controlling hyperglycemia and hypertension at the same time in diabetes. The objectives of this study are to investigate whether berberine treatment could directly reduce blood pressure and identify the molecular mechanism underlying the vascular protection of berberine in diabetic rats. Berberine was intragastrically administered with different dosages of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day to diabetic rats for 8 weeks since the injection of streptozotocin. The endothelium-dependent/-independent relaxation in middle cerebral arteries was investigated. The activity of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (BKCa) was investigated by recording whole-cell currents, analyzing single-channel activities and assessing the expressions of α- and β1-subunit at protein or mRNA levels. Results of the study suggest that chronic administration of 100 mg/kg/day berberine not only lowered blood glucose but also reduced blood pressure and improved vasodilation in diabetic rats. Furthermore, berberine markedly increased the function and expression of BKCa β1-subunit in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from diabetic rats or when exposed to hyperglycemia condition. The present study provided initial evidences that berberine reduced blood pressure and improved vasodilation in diabetic rats by activation of BKCa channel in VSMCs, which suggested that berberine might provide a combinational therapy for controlling hyperglycemia and blood pressure in diabetes. Furthermore, our work indicated that activation of BKCa channel might be the underlying mechanism responsible for the vascular protection of berberine in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guang Ma
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yin-Bin Zhang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bao-Feng Wang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yun-Gang Bai
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Dai
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Man-Jiang Xie
- Department of Aerospace PhysiologyKey Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Wang
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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20
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Yao W, Yang C, Wen Y, Zhang W, Zhang X, Ma Q, Ji P, Hua Y, Wei Y. Treatment effects and mechanisms of Yujin Powder on rat model of large intestine dampness-heat syndrome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:265-280. [PMID: 28330724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yujin Powder (YJP), an old prescription, is one of the most classical prescription for treating the large intestine dampness-heat syndrome (LIDHS). However, its potential modern pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to explore the essence of LIDHS and treatment mechanisms of the YJP on the LIDHS. METHODS The rat model of LIDHS was established by such complex factors as high-sugar and high-fat diet, improper diet, high temperature and humidity environment (HTHE), drinking and intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli., which imitated the inducing conditions of LIDHS. Then the clinical symptoms and signs, blood routine, blood biochemistry, whole blood viscosity (WBV), serum inflammatory cytokines levels and the histopathological changes of main organs were detected and observed, respectively. RESULTS The results showed that the clinical symptoms and signs of the model rats were consistent with the diagnostic criteria of LIDHS, moreover, there were obvious systemic inflammatory response and extensive congestion. And after treatment with YJP in different dosages, the clinical symptoms and signs of the rats with LIDHS were improved; the indexes of blood routine and blood biochemistry and inflammatory cytokines levels tended to be normal; the WBV decreased and histopathological changes of major organs were alleviated or returned to normal. There was an obvious dose-effect relationship, and the high dose of YJP (HD-YJP) had the best treatment effects. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that in LIDHS, diarrhea was the major clinical manifestation; the large intestine was the main lesion area; mucosa injury, inflammation and congestion of the large intestine with systemic inflammatory response and congestion were the most typical pathological characteristics. Meanwhile, YJP exhibited the comprehensive effects of anti-diarrhea, anti-inflammation, lowering blood lipid, relieving blood stasis, repairing intestinal mucosa and regulation and protection of multiple organs on LIDHS. These findings provided not only important information for understanding the essence of LIDHS but also the theoretical basis for developing new-drugs for treating dampness-heat type of diarrheal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Chaoxue Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Yanqiao Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Wangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Qi Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Peng Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Yongli Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Yanming Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
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22
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Wu YY, Huang XM, Liu J, Cha Y, Chen ZP, Wang F, Xu J, Sheng L, Ding HY. Functional study of the upregulation of miRNA-27a and miRNA-27b in 3T3-L1 cells in response to berberine. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2725-31. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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23
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Ma YG, Zhang YB, Bai YG, Dai ZJ, Liang L, Liu M, Xie MJ, Guan HT. Berberine alleviates the cerebrovascular contractility in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through modulation of intracellular Ca²⁺ handling in smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:63. [PMID: 27067643 PMCID: PMC4828787 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular dysfunction is a distinctive phenotype in diabetes mellitus. Current treatments mostly focus on the tight glycemic control and few of these treatments have been designed to directly recover the vascular dysfunction in diabetes. As a classical natural medicine, berberine has been explored as a possible therapy for DM. In addition, it is reported that berberine has an extra-protective effect in diabetic vascular dysfunction. However, little is known whether the berberine treatment could ameliorate the smooth muscle contractility independent of a functional endothelium under hyperglycemia. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether berberine affects the arterial contractility by regulating the intracellular Ca2+ handling in vascular smooth cells (VSMCs) under hyperglycemia. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were used to establish the diabetic model with a high-fat diet plus injections of streptozotocin (STZ). Berberine (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) were intragastrically administered to control and diabetic rats for 8 weeks since the injection of STZ. The intracellular Ca2+ handling of isolated cerebral VSMCs was investigated by recording the whole-cell L-type Ca2+ channel (CaL) currents, assessing the protein expressions of CaL channel, and measuring the intracellular Ca2+ in response to caffeine. Our results showed that chronic administration of 100 mg/kg/day berberine not only reduced glucose levels, but also inhibited the augmented contractile function of cerebral artery to KCl and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in diabetic rats. Furthermore, chronic administration of 100 mg/kg/day berberine significantly inhibited the CaL channel current densities, reduced the α1C-subunit expressions of CaL channel, decreased the resting intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) level, and suppressed the Ca2+ releases from RyRs in cerebral VSMCs isolated from diabetic rats. Correspondingly, acute application of 10 μM berberine could directly inhibit the hyperglycemia-induced CaL currents and suppress the hyperglycemia-induced Ca2+ releases from RyRs in cerebral VSMCs isolated from normal control rats. Conclusions Our study indicated that berberine alleviated the cerebral arterial contractility in the rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes via regulating the intracellular Ca2+ handling of smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yin-Bin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yun-Gang Bai
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man-Jiang Xie
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hai-Tao Guan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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Ferraroni M, Bazzicalupi C, Papi F, Fiorillo G, Guamán-Ortiz LM, Nocentini A, Scovassi AI, Lombardi P, Gratteri P. Solution and Solid-State Analysis of Binding of 13-Substituted Berberine Analogues to Human Telomeric G-quadruplexes. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:1107-15. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ferraroni
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Francesco Papi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florence; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
- Department NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics&QSAR; University of Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
| | - Gaetano Fiorillo
- Naxospharma srl; via G. Di Vittorio, 70 20026 Novate Milanese Italy
| | - Luis Miguel Guamán-Ortiz
- Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud; San Cayetano Alto Calle Paris 1101608 Loja Ecuador
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare del CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207; 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics&QSAR; University of Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
| | - Anna Ivana Scovassi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare del CNR, Via Abbiategrasso 207; 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Paolo Lombardi
- Naxospharma srl; via G. Di Vittorio, 70 20026 Novate Milanese Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section; Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics&QSAR; University of Firenze; via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
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Dong Y, Chen YT, Yang YX, Zhou XJ, Dai SJ, Tong JF, Shou D, Li C. Metabolomics Study of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the AntiDiabetic Effect of Berberine in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats Using Uplc-ESI-Hdms. Phytother Res 2016; 30:823-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dong
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; No. 548, Binwen Road Hangzhou 310053 China
- Department of Medicine; Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; No. 132, Tianmushan Road Hangzhou 310007 China
| | - Yi-Tao Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; No. 548, Binwen Road Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Yuan-Xiao Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; No. 548, Binwen Road Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; No. 548, Binwen Road Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Shi-Jie Dai
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; No. 548, Binwen Road Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Jun-Feng Tong
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; No. 548, Binwen Road Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Dan Shou
- Department of Medicine; Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; No. 132, Tianmushan Road Hangzhou 310007 China
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University, Xixi Campus; No. 148, Tianmushan Road Hangzhou 310028 China
| | - Changyu Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; No. 548, Binwen Road Hangzhou 310053 China
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Antibiotic resistance breakers: can repurposed drugs fill the antibiotic discovery void? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 14:821-32. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd4675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Cui HM, Zhang QY, Wang JL, Chen JL, Zhang YL, Tong XL. Poor permeability and absorption affect the activity of four alkaloids from Coptis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7160-8. [PMID: 26352530 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Coptidis rhizoma (Coptis) and its alkaloids exert various pharmacological functions in cells and tissues; however, the oral absorption of these alkaloids requires further elucidation. The present study aimed to examine the mechanism underlying the poor absorption of alkaloids, including berberine (BER), coptisine (COP), palmatine (PAL) and jatrorrhizine (JAT). An ultra‑performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was validated for the determination of BER, COP, PAL and JAT in the above experimental medium. In addition, the apparent oil‑water partition coefficient (Po/w); apparent permeability coefficient (Papp), determined using a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) plate; membrane retention coefficient (R %); and effect of P‑glycoprotein (P‑gp) inhibitor on the Papp of the four alkaloids were investigated. The intestinal absorption rate constant (Ka) and absorption percentage (A %) of the four alkaloids were also determined. The results of the present study demonstrated that the Po/w of the four alkaloids in 0.1 mol·l‑1 HCl medium was significantly higher (P<0.01), compared with those of the alkaloids in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The Papp of BER was 1.0‑1.2x10‑6 cm·s‑1, determined using a PAMPA plate, and the Papp of BER, COP, PAL and JAT decreased sequentially. The concentrations of the four alkaloids on the apical‑to‑basolateral (AP‑BL) surface and the basolateral‑to‑apical (BL‑AP) surface increased in a linear manner, with increasing concentrations between 10 and 100 µmol. In addition, the transportation of BER on the BL‑AP surface was significantly faster (P<0.01), compared with that on the AP‑BL surface and, following the addition of verpamil (a P‑gp inhibitor), the Papp (AP‑BL) of the four alkaloids increased, whereas the Papp (BL‑AP) was significantly decreased (P<0.01). The rat intestinal perfusion experiment demonstrated that the four alkaloids were poorly absorbed; however, the Ka of BER was significantly higher, compared with the three other alkaloids. Furthermore, the A % and Ka provided evidence that the absorption of BER was increased in the jejunum, compared with in the ileum. In conclusion, the four alkaloids from Coptis appeared to be poorly absorbed, determined using a shake flask, pre‑coated PAMPA plates, a Caco‑2 cell monolayer model and intestinal perfusion; however, absorption was higher in the jejunum than in the ileum. Among the four alkaloids, the permeability of BER was markedly higher than the others, and P‑gp efflux had a significant effect on the absorption of those alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Ming Cui
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Yan Zhang
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Long Wang
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Long Chen
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ling Zhang
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
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Choi JS, Kim JH, Ali MY, Jung HJ, Min BS, Choi RJ, Kim GD, Jung HA. Anti-adipogenic effect of epiberberine is mediated by regulation of the Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPKα/Akt pathways. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:2153-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of berberine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:289264. [PMID: 24669227 PMCID: PMC3942282 DOI: 10.1155/2014/289264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are proved to be critical for the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Berberine (BBR) is a natural compound isolated from plants such as Coptis chinensis and Hydrastis canadensis and with multiple pharmacological activities. Recent studies showed that BBR had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which contributed in part to its efficacy against diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarized the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BBR as well as their molecular basis. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BBR were noted with changes in oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes, and proinflammatory cytokines after BBR administration in diabetic animals. BBR inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation in a variety of tissues including liver, adipose tissue, kidney and pancreas. Mechanisms of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BBR were complex, which involved multiple cellular kinases and signaling pathways, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) pathway, and nuclear factor- κ B (NF- κ B) pathway. Detailed mechanisms and pathways for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BBR still need further investigation. Clarification of these issues could help to understand the pharmacology of BBR in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and promote the development of antidiabetic natural products.
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Rajarajeshwari T, Shivashri C, Rajasekar P. Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible gymnemic acid–gold nanoparticles: a study on glucose uptake stimulatory effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An enhancedin vitroglucose utilization action of the biosynthesized GA–AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Rajarajeshwari
- Department of Biotechnology
- Rajalakshmi Engineering College
- Chennai-602 105, India
| | - C. Shivashri
- Department of Biotechnology
- Rajalakshmi Engineering College
- Chennai-602 105, India
| | - P. Rajasekar
- Department of Biotechnology
- Rajalakshmi Engineering College
- Chennai-602 105, India
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Novel phenyl-urea derivatives as dual-target ligands that can activate both GK and PPARγ. Acta Pharm Sin B 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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