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Zhang Y, Savvidou M, Liaudanskaya V, Ramanathan V, Bui T, Matthew L, Sze A, Ugwu UO, Yuhang F, Matthew DE, Chen X, Nasritdinova S, Dey A, Miller EL, Kaplan DL, Georgakoudi I. Multi-modal, Label-free, Optical Mapping of Cellular Metabolic Function and Oxidative Stress in 3D Engineered Brain Tissue Models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.08.607216. [PMID: 39211249 PMCID: PMC11361058 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.08.607216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Brain metabolism is essential for the function of organisms. While established imaging methods provide valuable insights into brain metabolic function, they lack the resolution to capture important metabolic interactions and heterogeneity at the cellular level. Label-free, two-photon excited fluorescence imaging addresses this issue by enabling dynamic metabolic assessments at the single-cell level without manipulations. In this study, we demonstrate the impact of spectral imaging on the development of rigorous intensity and lifetime label-free imaging protocols to assess dynamically over time metabolic function in 3D engineered brain tissue models comprising human induced neural stem cells, astrocytes, and microglia. Specifically, we rely on multi-wavelength spectral imaging to identify the excitation/emission profiles of key cellular fluorophores within human brain cells, including NAD(P)H, LipDH, FAD, and lipofuscin. These enable development of methods to mitigate lipofuscin's overlap with NAD(P)H and flavin autofluorescence to extract reliable optical metabolic function metrics from images acquired at two excitation wavelengths over two emission bands. We present fluorescence intensity and lifetime metrics reporting on redox state, mitochondrial fragmentation, and NAD(P)H binding status in neuronal monoculture and triculture systems, to highlight the functional impact of metabolic interactions between different cell types. Our findings reveal significant metabolic differences between neurons and glial cells, shedding light on metabolic pathway utilization, including the glutathione pathway, OXPHOS, glycolysis, and fatty acid oxidation. Collectively, our studies establish a label-free, non-destructive approach to assess the metabolic function and interactions among different brain cell types relying on endogenous fluorescence and illustrate the complementary nature of information that is gained by combining intensity and lifetime-based images. Such methods can improve understanding of physiological brain function and dysfunction that occurs at the onset of cancers, traumatic injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Abed H, Radha R, Anjum S, Paul V, AlSawaftah N, Pitt WG, Ashammakhi N, Husseini GA. Targeted Cancer Therapy-on-A-Chip. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400833. [PMID: 39101627 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Targeted cancer therapy (TCT) is gaining increased interest because it reduces the risks of adverse side effects by specifically treating tumor cells. TCT testing has traditionally been performed using two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and animal studies. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms have been developed to recapitulate cancer in vitro, as cancer-on-a-chip (CoC), and used for chemotherapeutics development and testing. This review explores the use of CoCs to both develop and test TCTs, with a focus on three main aspects, the use of CoCs to identify target biomarkers for TCT development, the use of CoCs to test free, un-encapsulated TCTs, and the use of CoCs to test encapsulated TCTs. Despite current challenges such as system scaling, and testing externally triggered TCTs, TCToC shows a promising future to serve as a supportive, pre-clinical platform to expedite TCT development and bench-to-bedside translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Abed
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Remya Radha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Shabana Anjum
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Vinod Paul
- Materials Science and Engineering PhD program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Nour AlSawaftah
- Materials Science and Engineering PhD program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - William G Pitt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1600, USA
| | - Ghaleb A Husseini
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Materials Science and Engineering PhD program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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Jia P, Peng Q, Fan X, Zhang Y, Xu H, Li J, Sonita H, Liu S, Le A, Hu Q, Zhao T, Zhang S, Wang J, Zille M, Jiang C, Chen X, Wang J. Immune-mediated disruption of the blood-brain barrier after intracerebral hemorrhage: Insights and potential therapeutic targets. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14853. [PMID: 39034473 PMCID: PMC11260770 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a condition that arises due to the rupture of cerebral blood vessels, leading to the flow of blood into the brain tissue. One of the pathological alterations that occurs during an acute ICH is an impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which leads to severe perihematomal edema and an immune response. DISCUSSION A complex interplay between the cells of the BBB, for example, pericytes, astrocytes, and brain endothelial cells, with resident and infiltrating immune cells, such as microglia, monocytes, neutrophils, T lymphocytes, and others accounts for both damaging and protective mechanisms at the BBB following ICH. However, the precise immunological influence of BBB disruption has yet to be richly ascertained, especially at various stages of ICH. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the changes in different cell types and molecular components of the BBB associated with immune-inflammatory responses during ICH. Furthermore, it highlights promising immunoregulatory therapies to protect the integrity of the BBB after ICH. By offering a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms behind BBB damage linked to cellular and molecular immunoinflammatory responses after ICH, this article aimed to accelerate the identification of potential therapeutic targets and expedite further translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Jia
- Department of Pain MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- School of Life SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Qinfeng Peng
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiaochong Fan
- Department of Pain MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Hanxiao Xu
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Houn Sonita
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Simon Liu
- David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anh Le
- George Washington School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Qiongqiong Hu
- Department of NeurologyZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shijie Zhang
- School of Life SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Marietta Zille
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of NeurologyPeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pain MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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Amantino CF, do Amaral SR, Aires-Fernandes M, Oliani SM, Tedesco AC, Primo FL. Development of 3D skin equivalents for application in photodynamic biostimulation therapy assays using curcumin nanocapsules. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32808. [PMID: 38975186 PMCID: PMC11226835 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
For decades, animal models have been the standard approach in drug research and development, as they are required by regulations in the transition from preclinical to clinical trials. However, there is growing ethical and scientific concern regarding these trials, as 80 % of the therapeutic potential observed in pre-clinical studies are often unable to be replicated, despite demonstrating efficacy and safety. In response to this, Tissue Engineering has emerged as a promising alternative that enables the treatment of various diseases through the production of biological models for advanced biological assays or through the direct development of tissue repairs or replacements. One of the promising applications of Tissue Engineering is the development of three-dimensional (3D) models for in vitro tests, replacing the need for in vivo animal models. In this study, 3D skin equivalents (TSE) were produced and used as an in vitro model to test photobiostimulation using curcumin-loaded nanocapsules. Photodynamic biostimulation therapy uses photodynamic processes to generate small amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can activate important biological effects such as cell differentiation, modulation of inflammatory processes and contribution to cell regeneration. The PLGA nanocapsules (NC) used in the study were synthesized through a preformed polymer deposition method, exhibiting particle size <200 nm, Zeta potential >|30| and polydispersity index between 0.5 and 0.3. Atomic force microscopy analyzes confirmed that the particle size was <200 nm, with a spherical morphology and a predominantly smooth and uniform surface. The NC biocompatibility assay did not demonstrate cytotoxicity for the concentrations tested (2.5-25 μg mL-1).The in vitro release assay showed a slow and sustained release characteristic of the nanocapsules, and cellular uptake assays indicated a significant increase in cellular internalization of the curcumin-loaded nanostructure. Monolayer photobiostimulation studies revealed an increase in cell viability of the HDFn cell line (viability 134 %-228 %) for all LED fluences employed at λ = 450 nm (150, 300, and 450 mJ cm-2). Additionally, the scratch assays, monitoring in vitro scar injury, demonstrated more effective effects on cell proliferation with the fluence of 300 mJ cm-2. Staining of TSE with hematoxylin and eosin showed the presence of cells with different morphologies, confirming the presence of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Immunohistochemistry using KI-67 revealed the presence of proliferating cells in TSE after irradiation with LED λ = 450 nm (150, 300, and 450 mJ cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila F. Amantino
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Stéphanie R. do Amaral
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Mariza Aires-Fernandes
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Sonia M. Oliani
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Languages and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering – Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14010-100, Brazil
| | - Fernando L. Primo
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
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Black BJ, Ghazal RE, Lojek N, Williams V, Rajput JS, Lawson JM. Phenotypic Screening of Prospective Analgesics Among FDA-Approved Compounds using an iPSC-Based Model of Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Nociception. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303724. [PMID: 38189546 PMCID: PMC10953557 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Classical target-based drug screening is low-throughput, largely subjective, and costly. Phenotypic screening based on in vitro models is increasingly being used to identify candidate compounds that modulate complex cell/tissue functions. Chronic inflammatory nociception, and subsequent chronic pain conditions, affect peripheral sensory neuron activity (e.g., firing of action potentials) through myriad pathways, and remain unaddressed in regard to effective, non-addictive management/treatment options. Here, a chronic inflammatory nociception model is demonstrated based on induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) sensory neurons and glia, co-cultured on microelectrode arrays (MEAs). iPSC sensory co-cultures exhibit coordinated spontaneous extracellular action potential (EAP) firing, reaching a stable baseline after ≈27 days in vitro (DIV). Spontaneous and evoked EAP metrics are significantly modulated by 24-h incubation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), representing an inflammatory phenotype. Compared with positive controls (lidocaine), this model is identified as an "excellent" stand-alone assay based on a modified Z' assay quality metric. This model is then used to screen 15 cherry-picked, off-label, Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compounds; 10 of 15 are identified as "hits". Both hits and "misses" are discussed in turn. In total, this data suggests that iPSC sensory co-cultures on MEAs may represent a moderate-to-high-throughput assay for drug discovery targeting inflammatory nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan James Black
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFrancis College of EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
| | - Rasha El Ghazal
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFrancis College of EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
| | - Neal Lojek
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFrancis College of EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
| | - Victoria Williams
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFrancis College of EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
| | - Jai Singh Rajput
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFrancis College of EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
| | - Jennifer M. Lawson
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFrancis College of EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts LowellLowellMA01854USA
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Han S, Zhao X, Cheng L, Fan J. Recent progresses in neural tissue engineering using topographic scaffolds. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2024; 13:1-26. [PMID: 38505822 PMCID: PMC10944707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Neural tissue engineering as alternatives to recover damaged tissues and organs is getting more and more attention due to the lack of regeneration ability of natural tissue nervous system after injury. Particularly, topographic scaffolds are one of the critical elements to guide nerve orientation and reconnection with characteristics of mimic the natural extracellular matrix. This review focuses on scaffolds preparation technologies, topographical features, scaffolds-based encapsulations delivery strategies for neural tissue regeneration, biological functions on nerve cell guidance and regeneration, and applications of topographic scaffolds in vivo and in vitro. Here, the recent developments in topographic scaffolds for neural tissue engineering by simulating neural cell topographic orientation and differentiation are presented. We also explore the challenges and future perspectives of topographical scaffolds in clinical trials and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanying Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiangang Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
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7
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Li Y, Wu J, He C, He H, Xie M, Yao K, He J, Duan Y, Zhaung L, Wang P, He Y. 3D Prestress Bioprinting of Directed Tissues. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301487. [PMID: 37249520 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Many mammalian tissues adopt a specific cellular arrangement under stress stimulus that enables their unique function. However, conventional 3D encapsulation often fails to recapitulate the complexities of these arrangements, thus motivating the need for advanced cellular arrangement approaches. Here, an original 3D prestress bioprinting approach of directed tissues under the synergistic effect of static sustained tensile stress and molecular chain orientation, with an aid of slow crosslinking in bioink, is developed. The semi-crosslinking state of the designed bioink exhibits excellent elasticity for applying stress on the cells during the sewing-like process. After bioprinting, the bioink gradually forms complete crosslinking and keeps the applied stress force to induce cell-orientated growth. More importantly, multiple cell types can be arranged directionally by this approach, while the internal stress of the hydrogel filament is also adjustable. In addition, compared with conventional bioprinted skin, the 3D prestress bioprinted skin results in a better wound healing effect due to promoting the angiogenesis of granulation tissue. This study provides a prospective strategy to engineer skeletal muscles, as well as tendons, ligaments, vascular networks, or combinations thereof in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chuanjiang He
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Honghui He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Mingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Liujing Zhaung
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Hague JP, Andrews AE, Dickinson H. High-throughput design of cultured tissue moulds using a biophysical model: optimising cell alignment. Phys Biol 2023; 20:066006. [PMID: 37899639 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ad0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The technique presented here identifies tethered mould designs, optimised for growing cultured tissue with very highly-aligned cells. It is based on a microscopic biophysical model for polarised cellular hydrogels. There is an unmet need for tools to assist mould and scaffold designs for the growth of cultured tissues with bespoke cell organisations, that can be used in applications such as regenerative medicine, drug screening and cultured meat. High-throughput biophysical calculations were made for a wide variety of computer-generated moulds, with cell-matrix interactions and tissue-scale forces simulated using a contractile network dipole orientation model. Elongated moulds with central broadening and one of the following tethering strategies are found to lead to highly-aligned cells: (1) tethers placed within the bilateral protrusions resulting from an indentation on the short edge, to guide alignment (2) tethers placed within a single vertex to shrink the available space for misalignment. As such, proof-of-concept has been shown for mould and tethered scaffold design based on a recently developed biophysical model. The approach is applicable to a broad range of cell types that align in tissues and is extensible for 3D scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Hague
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Allison E Andrews
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Dickinson
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
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Andrews AE, Dickinson H, Hague JP. Rapid prediction of lab-grown tissue properties using deep learning. Phys Biol 2023; 20:066005. [PMID: 37793414 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ad0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix are vital for the self-organisation of tissues. In this paper we present proof-of-concept to use machine learning tools to predict the role of this mechanobiology in the self-organisation of cell-laden hydrogels grown in tethered moulds. We develop a process for the automated generation of mould designs with and without key symmetries. We create a large training set withN = 6400 cases by running detailed biophysical simulations of cell-matrix interactions using the contractile network dipole orientation model for the self-organisation of cellular hydrogels within these moulds. These are used to train an implementation of thepix2pixdeep learning model, with an additional 100 cases that were unseen in the training of the neural network for review and testing of the trained model. Comparison between the predictions of the machine learning technique and the reserved predictions from the biophysical algorithm show that the machine learning algorithm makes excellent predictions. The machine learning algorithm is significantly faster than the biophysical method, opening the possibility of very high throughput rational design of moulds for pharmaceutical testing, regenerative medicine and fundamental studies of biology. Future extensions for scaffolds and 3D bioprinting will open additional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison E Andrews
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Dickinson
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - James P Hague
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
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10
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Wang Y, Gao Y, Pan Y, Zhou D, Liu Y, Yin Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Song Y. Emerging trends in organ-on-a-chip systems for drug screening. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2483-2509. [PMID: 37425038 PMCID: PMC10326261 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
New drug discovery is under growing pressure to satisfy the demand from a wide range of domains, especially from the pharmaceutical industry and healthcare services. Assessment of drug efficacy and safety prior to human clinical trials is a crucial part of drug development, which deserves greater emphasis to reduce the cost and time in drug discovery. Recent advances in microfabrication and tissue engineering have given rise to organ-on-a-chip, an in vitro model capable of recapitulating human organ functions in vivo and providing insight into disease pathophysiology, which offers a potential alternative to animal models for more efficient pre-clinical screening of drug candidates. In this review, we first give a snapshot of general considerations for organ-on-a-chip device design. Then, we comprehensively review the recent advances in organ-on-a-chip for drug screening. Finally, we summarize some key challenges of the progress in this field and discuss future prospects of organ-on-a-chip development. Overall, this review highlights the new avenue that organ-on-a-chip opens for drug development, therapeutic innovation, and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Sino-French Engineer School, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yongchun Pan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongtao Zhou
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuta Liu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Yin
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yujun Song
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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11
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Millesi F, Mero S, Semmler L, Rad A, Stadlmayr S, Borger A, Supper P, Haertinger M, Ploszczanski L, Windberger U, Weiss T, Naghilou A, Radtke C. Systematic Comparison of Commercial Hydrogels Revealed That a Synergy of Laminin and Strain-Stiffening Promotes Directed Migration of Neural Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12678-12695. [PMID: 36876876 PMCID: PMC10020957 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have shown potential in replacing damaged nerve tissue, but the ideal hydrogel is yet to be found. In this study, various commercially available hydrogels were compared. Schwann cells, fibroblasts, and dorsal root ganglia neurons were seeded on the hydrogels, and their morphology, viability, proliferation, and migration were examined. Additionally, detailed analyses of the gels' rheological properties and topography were conducted. Our results demonstrate vast differences on cell elongation and directed migration on the hydrogels. Laminin was identified as the driver behind cell elongation and in combination with a porous, fibrous, and strain-stiffening matrix structure responsible for oriented cell motility. This study improves our understanding of cell-matrix interactions and thereby facilitates tailored fabrication of hydrogels in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Millesi
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Sascha Mero
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Lorenz Semmler
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Anda Rad
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Sarah Stadlmayr
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Anton Borger
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Paul Supper
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Maximilian Haertinger
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Leon Ploszczanski
- Institute
for Physics and Materials Science, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Ursula Windberger
- Decentralized
Biomedical Facilities, Core Unit Laboratory Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Tamara Weiss
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
| | - Aida Naghilou
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Christine Radtke
- Research
Laboratory of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic
Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Austrian
Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna 1200, Austria
- Department
of Plastic, Reconstructive
and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University
of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
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12
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Hwang KS, Seo EU, Choi N, Kim J, Kim HN. 3D engineered tissue models for studying human-specific infectious viral diseases. Bioact Mater 2023; 21:576-594. [PMID: 36204281 PMCID: PMC9519398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections cause damage to various organ systems by inducing organ-specific symptoms or systemic multi-organ damage. Depending on the infection route and virus type, infectious diseases are classified as respiratory, nervous, immune, digestive, or skin infections. Since these infectious diseases can widely spread in the community and their catastrophic effects are severe, identification of their causative agent and mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis is an urgent necessity. Although infection-associated mechanisms have been studied in two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models and animal models, they have shown limitations in organ-specific or human-associated pathogenesis, and the development of a human-organ-mimetic system is required. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue models, which can present human organ-like physiology in terms of the 3D structure, utilization of human-originated cells, recapitulation of physiological stimuli, and tight cell–cell interactions, were developed. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that these models can recapitulate infection-associated pathologies. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in 3D engineered tissue models that mimic organ-specific viral infections. First, we briefly described the limitations of the current 2D and animal models in recapitulating human-specific viral infection pathology. Next, we provided an overview of recently reported viral infection models, focusing particularly on organ-specific infection pathologies. Finally, a future perspective that must be pursued to reconstitute more human-specific infectious diseases is presented. 3D in vitro models are different from the traditional model in the infection process. Human-specific infection research requires a 3D microenvironment and human cells. 3D in vitro infectious models can be useful for basic research on infectious disease. 3D in vitro infectious models recapitulate the complex cell-virus-immune interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Seob Hwang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun U Seo
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Nakwon Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongbaeg Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author.
| | - Hong Nam Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Bakhshandeh B, Ranjbar N, Abbasi A, Amiri E, Abedi A, Mehrabi M, Dehghani Z, Pennisi CP. Recent progress in the manipulation of biochemical and biophysical cues for engineering functional tissues. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10383. [PMID: 36925674 PMCID: PMC10013802 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is currently considered a cutting-edge discipline that offers the potential for developing treatments for health conditions that negatively affect the quality of life. This interdisciplinary field typically involves the combination of cells, scaffolds, and appropriate induction factors for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissue. Cell fate decisions, such as survival, proliferation, or differentiation, critically depend on various biochemical and biophysical factors provided by the extracellular environment during developmental, physiological, and pathological processes. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of action of these factors is critical to accurately mimic the complex architecture of the extracellular environment of living tissues and improve the efficiency of TE approaches. In this review, we recapitulate the effects that biochemical and biophysical induction factors have on various aspects of cell fate. While the role of biochemical factors, such as growth factors, small molecules, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and cytokines, has been extensively studied in the context of TE applications, it is only recently that we have begun to understand the effects of biophysical signals such as surface topography, mechanical, and electrical signals. These biophysical cues could provide a more robust set of stimuli to manipulate cell signaling pathways during the formation of the engineered tissue. Furthermore, the simultaneous application of different types of signals appears to elicit synergistic responses that are likely to improve functional outcomes, which could help translate results into successful clinical therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bakhshandeh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Nika Ranjbar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Ardeshir Abbasi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Elahe Amiri
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Ali Abedi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Mohammad‐Reza Mehrabi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Zahra Dehghani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Cristian Pablo Pennisi
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark
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14
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Scott G, Huang Y. Engineering cerebral folding in brain organoids. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2420-2422. [PMID: 35535882 PMCID: PMC9120694 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Glen Scott
- Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
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15
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Chakraborty S, Mallick D, Goswami M, Guengerich FP, Chakrabarty A, Chowdhury G. The Natural Products Withaferin A and Withanone from the Medicinal Herb Withania somnifera Are Covalent Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2340-2350. [PMID: 36098617 PMCID: PMC9491402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) created a global health crisis. The ability of vaccines to protect immunocompromised individuals and from emerging new strains are major concerns. Hence antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 are essential. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease Mpro is vital for replication and an important target for antivirals. Using CMap analysis and docking studies, withaferin A (wifA) and withanone (win), two natural products from the medicinal herb Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), were identified as promising candidates that can covalently inhibit the viral protease Mpro. Cell culture, enzymatic, LC-MS/MS, computational, and equilibrium dialysis based assays were performed. DFT calculations indicated that wifA and win can form stable adducts with thiols. The cytotoxicity of Mpro was significantly reduced by wifA and win. Both wifA and win were found to irreversibly inhibit 0.5 μM Mpro with IC50 values of 0.54 and 1.8 μM, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed covalent adduct formation with wifA at cysteines 145 and 300 of Mpro. The natural products wifA and win can irreversibly inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease Mpro. Based on the work presented here we propose that both wifA and win have the potential to be safely used as preventative and therapeutic interventions for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dibyendu Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency
University, Kolkata700073, India
| | - Mausumi Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences,
Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN632014,
India
| | - F. Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt
University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee37235, United
States
| | - Anindita Chakrabarty
- Department of Life Science, Shiv Nadar
University, Greater Noida, UP201314, India
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16
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Tarricone G, Carmagnola I, Chiono V. Tissue-Engineered Models of the Human Brain: State-of-the-Art Analysis and Challenges. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:146. [PMID: 36135581 PMCID: PMC9501967 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders affect billions of people across the world, making the discovery of effective treatments an important challenge. The evaluation of drug efficacy is further complicated because of the lack of in vitro models able to reproduce the complexity of the human brain structure and functions. Some limitations of 2D preclinical models of the human brain have been overcome by the use of 3D cultures such as cell spheroids, organoids and organs-on-chip. However, one of the most promising approaches for mimicking not only cell structure, but also brain architecture, is currently represented by tissue-engineered brain models. Both conventional (particularly electrospinning and salt leaching) and unconventional (particularly bioprinting) techniques have been exploited, making use of natural polymers or combinations between natural and synthetic polymers. Moreover, the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has allowed the co-culture of different human brain cells (neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia), helping towards approaching the central nervous system complexity. In this review article, we explain the importance of in vitro brain modeling, and present the main in vitro brain models developed to date, with a special focus on the most recent advancements in tissue-engineered brain models making use of iPSCs. Finally, we critically discuss achievements, main challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Tarricone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- PolitoBioMedLab, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principle in Teaching and Research, Centro 3R, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Irene Carmagnola
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- PolitoBioMedLab, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principle in Teaching and Research, Centro 3R, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Chiono
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- PolitoBioMedLab, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principle in Teaching and Research, Centro 3R, 56122 Pisa, Italy
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17
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Jepson JM, Fadai NT, O'Dea RD. Travelling-Wave and Asymptotic Analysis of a Multiphase Moving Boundary Model for Engineered Tissue Growth. Bull Math Biol 2022; 84:87. [PMID: 35821278 PMCID: PMC9276621 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-022-01044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We derive a multiphase, moving boundary model to represent the development of tissue in vitro in a porous tissue engineering scaffold. We consider a cell, extra-cellular liquid and a rigid scaffold phase, and adopt Darcy's law to relate the velocity of the cell and liquid phases to their respective pressures. Cell-cell and cell-scaffold interactions which can drive cellular motion are accounted for by utilising relevant constitutive assumptions for the pressure in the cell phase. We reduce the model to a nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation for the cell phase, coupled to a moving boundary condition for the tissue edge, the diffusivity being dependent on the cell and scaffold volume fractions, cell and liquid viscosities and parameters that relate to cellular motion. Numerical simulations reveal that the reduced model admits three regimes for the evolution of the tissue edge at large time: linear, logarithmic and stationary. Employing travelling-wave and asymptotic analysis, we characterise these regimes in terms of parameters related to cellular production and motion. The results of our investigation allow us to suggest optimal values for the governing parameters, so as to stimulate tissue growth in an engineering scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Jepson
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Nabil T Fadai
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Reuben D O'Dea
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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18
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Ellis BW, Ronan G, Ren X, Bahcecioglu G, Senapati S, Anderson D, Handberg E, March KL, Chang HC, Zorlutuna P. Human Heart Anoxia and Reperfusion Tissue (HEART) Model for the Rapid Study of Exosome Bound miRNA Expression As Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201330. [PMID: 35670145 PMCID: PMC9283287 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Current biomarkers for myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosis are typically late markers released upon cell death, incapable of distinguishing between ischemic and reperfusion injury and can be symptoms of other pathologies. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been proposed as alternative biomarkers for MI diagnosis; however, detecting the changes in the human cardiac miRNA profile during MI is extremely difficult. Here, to study the changes in miRNA levels during acute MI, a heart-on-chip model with a cardiac channel, containing human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes in human heart decellularized matrix and collagen, and a vascular channel, containing hiPSC-derived endothelial cells, is developed. This model is exposed to anoxia followed by normoxia to mimic ischemia and reperfusion, respectively. Using a highly sensitive miRNA biosensor that the authors developed, the exact same increase in miR-1, miR-208b, and miR-499 levels in the MI-on-chip and the time-matched human blood plasma samples collected before and after ischemia and reperfusion, is shown. That the surface marker profile of exosomes in the engineered model changes in response to ischemic and reperfusion injury, which can be used as biomarkers to detect MI, is also shown. Hence, the MI-on-chip model developed here can be used in biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley W Ellis
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - George Ronan
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Gokhan Bahcecioglu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Satyajyoti Senapati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - David Anderson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine in the College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Eileen Handberg
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine in the College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Keith L March
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine in the College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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19
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Ashammakhi N, GhavamiNejad A, Tutar R, Fricker A, Roy I, Chatzistavrou X, Hoque Apu E, Nguyen KL, Ahsan T, Pountos I, Caterson EJ. Highlights on Advancing Frontiers in Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2022; 28:633-664. [PMID: 34210148 PMCID: PMC9242713 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering continues to advance, sometimes in exponential leaps forward, but also sometimes at a rate that does not fulfill the promise that the field imagined a few decades ago. This review is in part a catalog of success in an effort to inform the process of innovation. Tissue engineering has recruited new technologies and developed new methods for engineering tissue constructs that can be used to mitigate or model disease states for study. Key to this antecedent statement is that the scientific effort must be anchored in the needs of a disease state and be working toward a functional product in regenerative medicine. It is this focus on the wildly important ideas coupled with partnered research efforts within both academia and industry that have shown most translational potential. The field continues to thrive and among the most important recent developments are the use of three-dimensional bioprinting, organ-on-a-chip, and induced pluripotent stem cell technologies that warrant special attention. Developments in the aforementioned areas as well as future directions are highlighted in this article. Although several early efforts have not come to fruition, there are good examples of commercial profitability that merit continued investment in tissue engineering. Impact statement Tissue engineering led to the development of new methods for regenerative medicine and disease models. Among the most important recent developments in tissue engineering are the use of three-dimensional bioprinting, organ-on-a-chip, and induced pluripotent stem cell technologies. These technologies and an understanding of them will have impact on the success of tissue engineering and its translation to regenerative medicine. Continued investment in tissue engineering will yield products and therapeutics, with both commercial importance and simultaneous disease mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Amin GhavamiNejad
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie L. Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rumeysa Tutar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Annabelle Fricker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xanthippi Chatzistavrou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Taby Ahsan
- RoosterBio, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ippokratis Pountos
- Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Edward J. Caterson
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nemours/Alfred I. du Pont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
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20
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Zhang X, Chen X, Hong H, Hu R, Liu J, Liu C. Decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds: Recent trends and emerging strategies in tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2022; 10:15-31. [PMID: 34901526 PMCID: PMC8637010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of scaffolding materials is believed to hold enormous potential for tissue regeneration. Despite the widespread application and rapid advance of several tissue-engineered scaffolds such as natural and synthetic polymer-based scaffolds, they have limited repair capacity due to the difficulties in overcoming the immunogenicity, simulating in-vivo microenvironment, and performing mechanical or biochemical properties similar to native organs/tissues. Fortunately, the emergence of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) scaffolds provides an attractive way to overcome these hurdles, which mimic an optimal non-immune environment with native three-dimensional structures and various bioactive components. The consequent cell-seeded construct based on dECM scaffolds, especially stem cell-recellularized construct, is considered an ideal choice for regenerating functional organs/tissues. Herein, we review recent developments in dECM scaffolds and put forward perspectives accordingly, with particular focus on the concept and fabrication of decellularized scaffolds, as well as the application of decellularized scaffolds and their combinations with stem cells (recellularized scaffolds) in tissue engineering, including skin, bone, nerve, heart, along with lung, liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hua Hong
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Rubei Hu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Jiashang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
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21
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Geng J, Jensen G, Jackson K, Pontsler J, Rengarajan V, Sun Y, Britt D, Huang Y. Versatile activity and morphological effects of zinc oxide submicron particles as anticancer agents. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:627-644. [PMID: 35350869 PMCID: PMC9118057 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Submicron particles (SMPs), as novel bionanomaterials, offer complementary benefits to their conventional nano-counterparts. Aim: To explore zinc oxide (ZnO) SMPs' bioimaging and anticancer potentials. Materials & methods: ZnO SMPs were synthesized into two shapes. Fluorescent spectrum and microscopy were studied for the bioimaging property. Wound healing and Live/Dead assays of glioblastoma cells were characterized for anticancer activities. Results: ZnO SMPs exhibited a high quantum yield (49%) with stable orange fluorescence emission. Both morphologies (most significant in the rod shape) showed tumor-selective properties in cytotoxicity, inhibition to cell migration and attenuating the cancer-upregulated genes. The tumor selectivity was attributed to particle degradation and surface properties on pH dependency. Conclusion: The authors propose that ZnO SMPs could be a promising anticancer drug with tunable, morphology-dependent properties for bioimaging and controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Geng
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Gregory Jensen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, UT 84322, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Kyle Jackson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Jefferson Pontsler
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Venkatakrishnan Rengarajan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Utah State University, 3900 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - David Britt
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, UT 84322, USA
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22
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Costa BL, Adão RMR, Maibohm C, Accardo A, Cardoso VF, Nieder JB. Cellular Interaction of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Polymer and Hydrogel 3D Microscaffold Templates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13013-13024. [PMID: 35282678 PMCID: PMC8949723 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomimicking biological niches of healthy tissues or tumors can be achieved by means of artificial microenvironments, where structural and mechanical properties are crucial parameters to promote tissue formation and recreate natural conditions. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds based on woodpile structures were fabricated by two-photon polymerization (2PP) of different photosensitive polymers (IP-S and SZ2080) and hydrogels (PEGDA 700) using two different 2PP setups, a commercial one and a customized one. The structures' properties were tuned to study the effect of scaffold dimensions (gap size) and their mechanical properties on the adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), which can serve as a model for leukemic diseases, among other hematological applications. The woodpile structures feature gap sizes of 25, 50, and 100 μm and a fixed beam diameter of 25 μm, to systematically study the optimal cell colonization that promotes healthy cell growth and potential tissue formation. The characterization of the scaffolds involved scanning electron microscopy and mechanical nanoindenting, while their suitability for supporting cell growth was evaluated with live/dead cell assays and multistaining 3D confocal imaging. In the mechanical assays of the hydrogel material, we observed two different stiffness ranges depending on the indentation depth. Larger gap woodpile structures coated with fibronectin were identified as the most promising scaffolds for 3D BM-MSC cellular models, showing higher proliferation rates. The results indicate that both the design and the employed materials are suitable for further assays, where retaining the BM-MSC stemness and original features is crucial, including studies focused on BM disorders such as leukemia and others. Moreover, the combination of 3D scaffold geometry and materials holds great potential for the investigation of cellular behaviors in a co-culture setting, for example, mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells, to be further applied in medical research and pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz
N. L. Costa
- INL—International
Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Ultrafast
Bio- and Nanophotonics Group, Av. Mestre José Veiga S/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- CMEMS-UMinho,
University of Minho, DEI, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal
- Faculty
of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering (3mE), Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering (PME), Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo M. R. Adão
- INL—International
Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Ultrafast
Bio- and Nanophotonics Group, Av. Mestre José Veiga S/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Christian Maibohm
- INL—International
Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Ultrafast
Bio- and Nanophotonics Group, Av. Mestre José Veiga S/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Angelo Accardo
- Faculty
of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering (3mE), Department
of Precision and Microsystems Engineering (PME), Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa F. Cardoso
- CMEMS-UMinho,
University of Minho, DEI, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal
- CF-UM-UP,
Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Jana B. Nieder
- INL—International
Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Ultrafast
Bio- and Nanophotonics Group, Av. Mestre José Veiga S/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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23
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Marei I, Abu Samaan T, Al-Quradaghi MA, Farah AA, Mahmud SH, Ding H, Triggle CR. 3D Tissue-Engineered Vascular Drug Screening Platforms: Promise and Considerations. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:847554. [PMID: 35310996 PMCID: PMC8931492 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.847554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the efforts devoted to drug discovery and development, the number of new drug approvals have been decreasing. Specifically, cardiovascular developments have been showing amongst the lowest levels of approvals. In addition, concerns over the adverse effects of drugs to the cardiovascular system have been increasing and resulting in failure at the preclinical level as well as withdrawal of drugs post-marketing. Besides factors such as the increased cost of clinical trials and increases in the requirements and the complexity of the regulatory processes, there is also a gap between the currently existing pre-clinical screening methods and the clinical studies in humans. This gap is mainly caused by the lack of complexity in the currently used 2D cell culture-based screening systems, which do not accurately reflect human physiological conditions. Cell-based drug screening is widely accepted and extensively used and can provide an initial indication of the drugs' therapeutic efficacy and potential cytotoxicity. However, in vitro cell-based evaluation could in many instances provide contradictory findings to the in vivo testing in animal models and clinical trials. This drawback is related to the failure of these 2D cell culture systems to recapitulate the human physiological microenvironment in which the cells reside. In the body, cells reside within a complex physiological setting, where they interact with and respond to neighboring cells, extracellular matrix, mechanical stress, blood shear stress, and many other factors. These factors in sum affect the cellular response and the specific pathways that regulate variable vital functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Although pre-clinical in vivo animal models provide this level of complexity, cross species differences can also cause contradictory results from that seen when the drug enters clinical trials. Thus, there is a need to better mimic human physiological conditions in pre-clinical studies to improve the efficiency of drug screening. A novel approach is to develop 3D tissue engineered miniaturized constructs in vitro that are based on human cells. In this review, we discuss the factors that should be considered to produce a successful vascular construct that is derived from human cells and is both reliable and reproducible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Marei
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Isra Marei
| | - Tala Abu Samaan
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Asmaa A. Farah
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Hong Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Chris R. Triggle
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Chris R. Triggle
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24
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Sandhurst ES, Jaswandkar SV, Kundu K, Katti DR, Katti KS, Sun H, Engebretson D, Francis KR. Nanoarchitectonics of a Microsphere-Based Scaffold for Modeling Neurodevelopment and Neurological Disease. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:528-544. [PMID: 35045249 PMCID: PMC8865216 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cellular constructs derived from pluripotent stem cells allow the ex vivo study of neurodevelopment and neurological disease within a spatially organized model. However, the robustness and utility of three-dimensional models is impacted by tissue self-organization, size limitations, nutrient supply, and heterogeneity. In this work, we have utilized the principles of nanoarchitectonics to create a multifunctional polymer/bioceramic composite microsphere system for stem cell culture and differentiation in a chemically defined microenvironment. Microspheres could be customized to produce three-dimensional structures of defined size (ranging from >100 to <350 μm) with lower mechanical properties compared with a thin film. Furthermore, the microspheres softened in solution, approaching more tissue-like mechanical properties over time. With neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells, microsphere-cultured NSCs were able to utilize multiple substrates to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. Prolonged culture of NSC-bound microspheres under differentiating conditions allowed the formation of both neural and glial cell types from control and patient-derived stem cell models. Human NSCs and differentiated neurons could also be cocultured with astrocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, demonstrating application for tissue-engineered modeling of development and human disease. We further demonstrated that microspheres allow the loading and sustained release of multiple recombinant proteins to support cellular maintenance and differentiation. While previous work has principally utilized self-organizing models or protein-rich hydrogels for neural culture, the three-dimensional matrix developed here through nanoarchitectonics represents a chemically defined and robust alternative for the in vitro study of neurodevelopment and nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Sandhurst
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
South Dakota, Sioux
Falls, South Dakota 57107, United States,BioSystems
Networks and Translational Research Center, Brookings, South Dakota 57006, United States
| | - Sharad V. Jaswandkar
- Civil,
Construction and Environmental Engineering Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Krishna Kundu
- Civil,
Construction and Environmental Engineering Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Dinesh R. Katti
- Civil,
Construction and Environmental Engineering Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Kalpana S. Katti
- Civil,
Construction and Environmental Engineering Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
South Dakota, Sioux
Falls, South Dakota 57107, United States,BioSystems
Networks and Translational Research Center, Brookings, South Dakota 57006, United States
| | - Daniel Engebretson
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
South Dakota, Sioux
Falls, South Dakota 57107, United States
| | - Kevin R. Francis
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
South Dakota, Sioux
Falls, South Dakota 57107, United States,BioSystems
Networks and Translational Research Center, Brookings, South Dakota 57006, United States,Cellular
Therapies and Stem Cell Biology Group, Sanford
Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57104, United States,Department
of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota
Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux
Falls, South Dakota 57105, United States,
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25
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Walczak PA, Perez-Esteban P, Bassett DC, Hill EJ. Modelling the central nervous system: tissue engineering of the cellular microenvironment. Emerg Top Life Sci 2021; 5:507-517. [PMID: 34524411 PMCID: PMC8589431 DOI: 10.1042/etls20210245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, improved models of the central nervous system (CNS) will improve our understanding of neurophysiology and pathogenesis, whilst enabling exploration of novel therapeutics. Studies of brain physiology have largely been carried out using in vivo models, ex vivo brain slices or primary cell culture from rodents. Whilst these models have provided great insight into complex interactions between brain cell types, key differences remain between human and rodent brains, such as degree of cortical complexity. Unfortunately, comparative models of human brain tissue are lacking. The development of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) has accelerated advancement within the field of in vitro tissue modelling. However, despite generating accurate cellular representations of cortical development and disease, two-dimensional (2D) iPSC-derived cultures lack an entire dimension of environmental information on structure, migration, polarity, neuronal circuitry and spatiotemporal organisation of cells. As such, researchers look to tissue engineering in order to develop advanced biomaterials and culture systems capable of providing necessary cues for guiding cell fates, to construct in vitro model systems with increased biological relevance. This review highlights experimental methods for engineering of in vitro culture systems to recapitulate the complexity of the CNS with consideration given to previously unexploited biophysical cues within the cellular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige A. Walczak
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Patricia Perez-Esteban
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
| | - David C. Bassett
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Eric James Hill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
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26
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Lehnert S, Sikorski P. Application of Temporary, Cell-Containing Alginate Microcarriers to Facilitate the Fabrication of Spatially Defined Cell Pockets in 3D Collagen Hydrogels. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100319. [PMID: 34679232 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mimicking the complexity of natural tissue is a major challenge in the field of tissue engineering. Here, a facile 2-step fabrication method to prepare 3D constructs with distinct regions of high cell concentrations and without the need for elaborate equipment is proposed. The initial incorporation of cells in a sacrificial alginate matrix allows the addition of other, cell relevant biopolymers, such as, collagen to form a spatially confined, interpenetrating network at the microscale. A layered structure at the macroscale can be achieved by incorporating these cell-containing microspheres in thin collagen layers. Cells are locally released by de-gelling the alginate matrix and their attachment to the collagen hydrogel layers has been studied. The use of the murine pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 as an example cell line shows that the cells behave differently in their cell migration pattern based on the initial composition of the alginate microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lehnert
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, 7034, Norway
| | - Pawel Sikorski
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, 7034, Norway
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27
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Safarulla S, Khillar PS, Kini S, Jaiswal AK. Tissue engineered scaffolds as 3D models for prostate cancer metastasis to bone. MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 28:102641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
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28
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Geng J, Zhang W, Chen C, Zhang H, Zhou A, Huang Y. Tracking the Differentiation Status of Human Neural Stem Cells through Label-Free Raman Spectroscopy and Machine Learning-Based Analysis. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10453-10461. [PMID: 34282890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to noninvasively monitor stem cells' differentiation is important to stem cell studies. Raman spectroscopy is a non-harmful imaging approach that acquires the cellular biochemical signatures. Herein, we report the first use of label-free Raman spectroscopy to characterize the gradual change during the differentiation process of live human neural stem cells (NSCs) in the in vitro cultures. Raman spectra of 600-1800 cm-1 were measured with human NSC cultures from the undifferentiated stage (NSC-predominant) to the highly differentiated one (neuron-predominant) and subsequently analyzed using various mathematical methods. Hierarchical cluster analysis distinguished two cell types (NSCs and neurons) through the spectra. The subsequently derived differentiation rate matched that measured by immunocytochemistry. The key spectral biomarkers were identified by time-dependent trend analysis and principal component analysis. Furthermore, through machine learning-based analysis, a set of eight spectral data points were found to be highly accurate in classifying cell types and predicting the differentiation rate. The predictive accuracy was the highest using the artificial neural network (ANN) and slightly lowered using the logistic regression model and linear discriminant analysis. In conclusion, label-free Raman spectroscopy with the aid of machine learning analysis can provide the noninvasive classification of cell types at the single-cell level and thus accurately track the human NSC differentiation. A set of eight spectral data points combined with the ANN method were found to be the most efficient and accurate. Establishing this non-harmful and efficient strategy will shed light on the in vivo and clinical studies of NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Geng
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Anhong Zhou
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, ENGR 402, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
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29
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Imitating Hypoxia and Tumor Microenvironment with Immune Evasion by Employing Three Dimensional in vitro Cellular Models: Impressive Tool in Drug Discovery. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:80-91. [PMID: 34323197 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210728115605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous tumor microenvironment is exceptionally perplexing and not wholly comprehended. Different multifaceted alignments lead to the generation of oxygen destitute situations within the tumor niche that modulate numerous intrinsic tumor microenvironments. Disentangling these communications is vital for scheming practical therapeutic approaches that can successfully decrease tumor allied chemotherapy resistance by utilizing the innate capability of the immune system. Several research groups have concerned with a protruding role for oxygen metabolism along with hypoxia in the immunity of healthy tissue. Hypoxia in addition to hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in the tumor microenvironment plays an important part in tumor progression and endurance. Although numerous hypoxia-focused therapies have shown promising outcomes both in vitro and in vivo these outcomes have not effectively translated into clinical preliminaries. Distinctive cell culture techniques have utilized as an in vitro model for tumor niche along with tumor microenvironment and proficient in more precisely recreating tumor genomic profiles as well as envisaging therapeutic response. To study the dynamics of tumor immune evasion, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures are more physiologically important to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Recent research has revealed new information and insights into our fundamental understanding of immune systems, as well as novel results that have been established as potential therapeutic targets. There are a lot of patented 3D cell culture techniques which will be highlighted in this review. At present notable 3D cell culture procedures in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, discourse open doors to accommodate both drug repurposing, advancement, and divulgence of new medications and will deliberate the 3D cell culture methods into standard prescription disclosure especially in the field of cancer biology which will be discussing here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Ray
- Department of Applied Sciences. Indira Gandhi Technological and Medical Sciences University, Ziro, Arunachal Pradesh-791120, India
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry. All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
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30
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Wang Z, Han X, Chen R, Li J, Gao J, Zhang H, Liu N, Gao X, Zheng A. Innovative color jet 3D printing of levetiracetam personalized paediatric preparations. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:374-386. [PMID: 34276825 PMCID: PMC8261256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
3D printing is a promising technology used in the fabrication of complex oral dosage delivery pharmaceuticals. This study first reports an innovative color jet 3D printing (CJ-3DP) technology to produce colorful cartoon levetiracetam pediatric preparations with high accuracy and reproducibility. For this study, the ideal printing ink consisted of 40% (v/v) isopropanol aqueous solution containing 0.05% (w/w) polyvinylpyrrolidone and 4% (w/w) glycerin, which was satisfied with scale-up of the production. The external and internal spatial structures of the tablets were designed to control the appearance and release, and cartoon tablets with admirable appearances and immediate release characteristics were printed. The dosage model showed a good linear relationship between the model volume and the tablet strength (r > 0.999), which proved the potential of personalized administration. The surface roughness indicated that the appearance of the CJ-3DP tablets was significantly better than the first listed 3D printed drug (SpritamⓇ). Moreover, the scanning electron microscopy and porosity results further showed that the tablets have a structure of loose interior and tight exterior, which could ensure good mechanical properties and rapid dispersion characteristics simultaneously. In conclusion, the innovative CJ-3DP technology can be used to fabricate personalized pediatric preparations for improved compliance. Due to the stable formulation and fabrication process, this technology has the potential in scale-up production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengming Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaolu Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruxin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jingru Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.,School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
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31
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Struzyna LA, Watt ML. The Emerging Role of Neuronal Organoid Models in Drug Discovery: Potential Applications and Hurdles to Implementation. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 99:256-265. [PMID: 33547249 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The high failure rate of drugs in the clinical pipeline is likely in part the result of inadequate preclinical models, particularly those for neurologic disorders and neurodegenerative disease. Such preclinical animal models often suffer from fundamental species differences and rarely recapitulate all facets of neurologic conditions, whereas conventional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro models fail to capture the three-dimensional spatial organization and cell-to-cell interactions of brain tissue that are presumed to be critical to the function of the central nervous system. Recent studies have suggested that stem cell-derived neuronal organoids are more physiologically relevant than 2D neuronal cultures because of their cytoarchitecture, electrophysiological properties, human origin, and gene expression. Hence there is interest in incorporating such physiologically relevant models into compound screening and lead optimization efforts within drug discovery. However, despite their perceived relevance, compared with previously used preclinical models, little is known regarding their predictive value. In fact, some have been wary to broadly adopt organoid technology for drug discovery because of the low-throughput and tedious generation protocols, inherent variability, and lack of compatible moderate-to-high-throughput screening assays. Consequently, microfluidic platforms, specialized bioreactors, and automated assays have been and are being developed to address these deficits. This mini review provides an overview of the gaps to broader implementation of neuronal organoids in a drug discovery setting as well as emerging technologies that may better enable their utilization. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Neuronal organoid models offer the potential for a more physiological system in which to study neurological diseases, and efforts are being made to employ them not only in mechanistic studies but also in profiling/screening purposes within drug discovery. In addition to exploring the utility of neuronal organoid models within this context, efforts in the field aim to standardize such models for consistency and adaptation to screening platforms for throughput evaluation. This review covers potential impact of and hurdles to implementation.
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32
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Slivac I, Zdraveva E, Ivančić F, Žunar B, Holjevac Grgurić T, Gaurina Srček V, Svetec IK, Dolenec T, Bajsić EG, Tominac Trcin M, Mijović B. Bioactivity Comparison of Electrospun PCL Mats and Liver Extracellular Matrix as Scaffolds for HepG2 Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020279. [PMID: 33467025 PMCID: PMC7830273 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells grown on bioactive matrices have immensely advanced many aspects of biomedical research related to drug delivery and tissue engineering. Our main objective was to perform simple evaluation of the structural and biotic qualities of cell scaffolds made of affordable biomaterials for liver cell line (HepG2) cultivation in vitro. In this work the electrospun matrix made of synthetic polyester poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was compared with the natural protein-based extracellular matrix isolated from porcine liver (ECM). Mechanical and structural analysis showed that ECM was about 12 times less resistant to tensile stress while it had significantly larger pore size and twice smaller water contact angle than PCL. Bioactivity assessment included comparison of cell growth and transfection efficiency on cell-seeded scaffolds. Despite the differences in composition and structure between the two respective matrices, the rate of cell spreading and the percentage of transfected cells on both scaffolds were fairly comparable. These results suggest that in an attempt to produce simple, cell carrying structures that adequately simulate the natural scaffold, one can rely on PCL electrospun mats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Slivac
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emilija Zdraveva
- Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, Prilaz baruna Filipovića 28a, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Fran Ivančić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bojan Žunar
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Višnja Gaurina Srček
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan-Krešimir Svetec
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Dolenec
- Department of Transfusion and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, Draškovićeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emi Govorčin Bajsić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Budimir Mijović
- Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, Prilaz baruna Filipovića 28a, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Jensen G, Holloway JL, Stabenfeldt SE. Hyaluronic Acid Biomaterials for Central Nervous System Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2020; 9:E2113. [PMID: 32957463 PMCID: PMC7565873 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a primary component of the brain extracellular matrix and functions through cellular receptors to regulate cell behavior within the central nervous system (CNS). These behaviors, such as migration, proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation contribute to maintenance and homeostasis of the CNS. However, such equilibrium is disrupted following injury or disease leading to significantly altered extracellular matrix milieu and cell functions. This imbalance thereby inhibits inherent homeostatic processes that support critical tissue health and functionality in the CNS. To mitigate the damage sustained by injury/disease, HA-based tissue engineering constructs have been investigated for CNS regenerative medicine applications. HA's effectiveness in tissue healing and regeneration is primarily attributed to its impact on cell signaling and the ease of customizing chemical and mechanical properties. This review focuses on recent findings to highlight the applications of HA-based materials in CNS regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Jensen
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85224, USA;
| | - Julianne L. Holloway
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85224, USA;
| | - Sarah E. Stabenfeldt
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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Cavo M, Serio F, Kale NR, D'Amone E, Gigli G, Del Mercato LL. Electrospun nanofibers in cancer research: from engineering of in vitro 3D cancer models to therapy. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4887-4905. [PMID: 32830832 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00390e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning is historically related to tissue engineering due to its ability to produce nano-/microscale fibrous materials with mechanical and functional properties that are extremely similar to those of the extracellular matrix of living tissues. The general interest in electrospun fibrous matrices has recently expanded to cancer research both as scaffolds for in vitro cancer modelling and as patches for in vivo therapeutic delivery. In this review, we examine electrospinning by providing a brief description of the process and overview of most materials used in this process, discussing the effect of changing the process parameters on fiber conformations and assemblies. Then, we describe two different applications of electrospinning in service of cancer research: firstly, as three-dimensional (3D) fibrous materials for generating in vitro pre-clinical cancer models; and secondly, as patches encapsulating anticancer agents for in vivo delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cavo
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
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Gong X, Liang Z, Yang Y, Liu H, Ji J, Fan Y. A resazurin-based, nondestructive assay for monitoring cell proliferation during a scaffold-based 3D culture process. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:271-281. [PMID: 32523729 PMCID: PMC7266666 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of viable cell estimation method without sacrificing proliferation and functions of cells cultured on regenerative biomaterials is essential for regenerative engineering. Cytotoxicity and depletion of resazurin are critical but often overlooked limitations that hindered applications of resazurin in viable cell estimation. The present work found that cytotoxicity and depletion of resazurin depended on cell concentration, resazurin concentration and resazurin incubation time. A simple strategy which only allowed cells to incubate with resazurin during each measurement was developed to eliminate negative effects of resazurin. This strategy was verified by monitoring proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on poly(d,l-lactic acid) scaffold during a continuous 3D culture process for up to 21 days, comparing the accuracy with MTT assay which is a destructive assay with high sensitivity and accuracy and commonly used in regenerative engineering and comparing viability, proliferation and differentiation functions of MC3T3-E1, which were treated with/without this strategy for nondestructive evaluation. This method showed comparable linearity of standard curve and characteristics of growth curve to MTT assay. No major negative effects of this method on MC3T3-E1 viability and functions were found. Our work highlighted the importance of the concentration and incubation time of resazurin in designing application-specific nondestructive viability assay and would be helpful in improving the implanted medical devices as well as in regenerative engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Gong
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 102402, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuqing Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 102402, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ji
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 102402, People's Republic of China.,National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing 100176, People's Republic of China
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De la Ossa JG, Felice F, Azimi B, Esposito Salsano J, Digiacomo M, Macchia M, Danti S, Di Stefano R. Waste Autochthonous Tuscan Olive Leaves ( Olea europaea var. Olivastra seggianese) as Antioxidant Source for Biomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235918. [PMID: 31775339 PMCID: PMC6928929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive leaf extract (OLE) can be obtained as biowaste and is extensively used a food supplement and an over-the-counter drug for its beneficial effects. New studies have investigated OLE concerning the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. This in vitro study aims to evaluate if OLE extracted from the Tuscan Olea europaea protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). METHODS OLE total polyphenols (TPs) were characterized by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Endothelial cells were grown in conventional cultures (i.e., two-dimensional, 2D) and on a biomaterial scaffold (i.e., three-dimensional, 3D) fabricated via electrospinning. Cell viability and ROS measurement after H2O2 insults were performed. RESULTS OLE TP content was 23.29 mg GAE/g, and oleuropein was the principal compound. The dose-dependent viability curve highlighted the absence of significant cytotoxic effects at OLE concentrations below 250 µg/mL TPs. By using OLE preconditioning at 100 µg/mL, cell viability decrease was observed, being in 3D lower than in the 2D model. OLE was protective against ROS in both models. CONCLUSIONS OLE represents a high-value antioxidant source obtained by biowaste that is interesting for biomedical products. Using a 3D scaffold could be the best predictive model to mimic the physiological conditions of vascular tissue reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Gustavo De la Ossa
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (J.G.D.l.O.); (F.F.)
- Doctoral School in Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Francesca Felice
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (J.G.D.l.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Bahareh Azimi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Jasmine Esposito Salsano
- Doctoral School in Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Digiacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.); (M.M.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Macchia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.D.); (M.M.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Danti
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (R.D.S.); Tel.: +39-050-2217874 (S.D.); +39-050-992412 (R.D.S.)
| | - Rossella Di Stefano
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (J.G.D.l.O.); (F.F.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (R.D.S.); Tel.: +39-050-2217874 (S.D.); +39-050-992412 (R.D.S.)
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37
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Ghaemi RV, Siang LC, Yadav VG. Improving the Rate of Translation of Tissue Engineering Products. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900538. [PMID: 31386306 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over 100 000 research articles and 9000 patents have been published on tissue engineering (TE) in the past 20 years. Yet, very few TE products have made their way to the market during the same period. Experts have proposed a variety of strategies to address the lack of translation of TE products. However, since these proposals are guided by qualitative insights, they are limited in scope and impact. Machine learning is utilized in the current study to analyze the entire body of patents that have been published over the past twenty years and understand patenting trends, topics, areas of application, and exemplifications. This analysis yields surprising and little-known insights about the differences in research priorities and perceptions of innovativeness of tissue engineers in academia and industry, as well as aids to chart true advances in the field during the past twenty years. It is hoped that this analysis and subsequent proposal to improve translational rates of TE products will spur much needed dialogue about this important pursuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Vaez Ghaemi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Lim C. Siang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Vikramaditya G. Yadav
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineeringand School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 Canada
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Zhao X, Liu X, Zhang P, Liu Y, Ran W, Cai Y, Wang J, Zhai Y, Wang G, Ding Y, Li Y. Injectable peptide hydrogel as intraperitoneal triptolide depot for the treatment of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:1050-1060. [PMID: 31649853 PMCID: PMC6804453 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is among the limited choices approved for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at intermediate and advanced stages. Preferential and prolonged drug exposure in diseased sites is required to maximize the therapeutic index of the drug. Here, we report an injectable supramolecular peptide hydrogel as an intraperitoneal depot for localized and sustained release of triptolide for the treatment of orthotopic HCC. We chose peptide amphiphile C16-GNNQQNYKD-OH-based nanofibers as gelators and carriers for triptolide. Sustained triptolide release from the hydrogel was achieved over 14 days in vitro, with higher accumulation in and cytotoxicity against human HCC Bel-7402 in comparison with L-02 fetal hepatocytes. After intraperitoneal injection, the hydrogel showed prolonged retention over 13 days and preferential accumulation in the liver, realizing HCC growth inhibition by 99.7 ± 0.1% and animal median survival extension from 19 to 43 days, without causing noticeable pathological changes in the major organs. These results demonstrate that injectable peptide hydrogel can be a potential carrier for localized chemotherapy of HCC.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- AST, aspartate transaminase
- ATL, alanine transaminase
- AUC0–13, areas under the curve
- AURKA, aurora A kinase
- Akt, protein kinase B
- BUN, blood urea nitrogen
- Bel-7402/Luc, luciferase transfected human HCC cell line Bel-7402
- C16-N, C16-GNNQQNYKD-OH
- C16-N/DiI, DiI-labeled C16-N
- C16-N/DiR, DiR-labeled C16-N hydrogel
- C16-N/T, triptolide-loaded peptide amphiphile-based hydrogel
- CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- CD, circular dichroism
- CKS2, cyclin kinase subunit-2
- CRE, creatinine
- DL, drug loading
- DSPE-PEG, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino (polyethylene glycol)-2000]
- DSPE-PEG/DiI, DiI-labeled DSPE-PEG
- DSPE-PEG/DiR, DiR-labeled DSPE-PEG micelle
- DSPE-PEG/T, drug-loaded DSPE-PEG micelles
- EE, encapsulation efficiency
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- FI range, fluorescence intensity range
- FI, fluorescence intensity
- GEMOX, gemcitabine and oxaliplatin
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HFIP, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol
- HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Hydrogel
- LC–MS, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
- OB glue, EPIGLUs
- Peptide amphiphile
- RFI, relative fluorescence intensity
- Self-assembly
- TACE, transarterial chemoembolization
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TIR, tumor inhibition rate
- Tmax, time to reach highest fluorescence intensity
- Triptolide
- d-Luciferin, (S)-4,5-dihydro-2-(6-hydroxy-2-benzothiazolyl)-4-thiazolecarboxylic acid potassium
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai 264000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 20231979.
| | - Yiran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yihui Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guanru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yaping Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 21 20231979.
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Buckenmeyer MJ, Meder TJ, Prest TA, Brown BN. Decellularization techniques and their applications for the repair and regeneration of the nervous system. Methods 2019; 171:41-61. [PMID: 31398392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of surgical and non-surgical approaches have been used to address the impacts of nervous system injuries, which can lead to either impairment or a complete loss of function for affected patients. The inherent ability of nervous tissues to repair and/or regenerate is dampened due to irreversible changes that occur within the tissue remodeling microenvironment following injury. Specifically, dysregulation of the extracellular matrix (i.e., scarring) has been suggested as one of the major factors that can directly impair normal cell function and could significantly alter the regenerative potential of these tissues. A number of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine-based approaches have been suggested to intervene in the process of remodeling which occurs following injury. Decellularization has become an increasingly popular technique used to obtain acellular scaffolds, and their derivatives (hydrogels, etc.), which retain tissue-specific components, including critical structural and functional proteins. These advantageous characteristics make this approach an intriguing option for creating materials capable of stimulating the sensitive repair mechanisms associated with nervous system injuries. Over the past decade, several diverse decellularization methods have been implemented specifically for nervous system applications in an attempt to carefully remove cellular content while preserving tissue morphology and composition. Each application-based decellularized ECM product requires carefully designed treatments that preserve the unique biochemical signatures associated within each tissue type to stimulate the repair of brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve tissues. Herein, we review the decellularization techniques that have been applied to create biomaterials with the potential to promote the repair and regeneration of tissues within the central and peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Buckenmeyer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
| | - Tyler J Meder
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
| | - Travis A Prest
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
| | - Bryan N Brown
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.
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Develop a 3D neurological disease model of human cortical glutamatergic neurons using micropillar-based scaffolds. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:557-564. [PMID: 31193866 PMCID: PMC6543078 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing an effective three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture system to better model human neurological diseases is desirable, since the human brain is a 3D structure. Here, we demonstrated the development of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) pillar-based 3D scaffold that mimicked the 3D microenvironment of the brain. We utilized this scaffold for the growth of human cortical glutamatergic neurons that were differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells. In comparison with the 2D culture, we demonstrated that the developed 3D culture promoted the maturation of human cortical glutamatergic neurons by showing significantly more MAP2 and less Ki67 expression. Based on this 3D culture system, we further developed an in vitro disease-like model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), which showed a robust increase of glutamate-release from the neurons, in response to mechanical impacts, recapitulating the critical pathology of TBI. The increased glutamate-release from our 3D culture model was attenuated by the treatment of neural protective drugs, memantine or nimodipine. The established 3D in vitro human neural culture system and TBI-like model may be used to facilitate mechanistic studies and drug screening for neurotrauma or other neurological diseases.
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