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Dos Reis IMM, Siebert MN, Zacchi FL, Mattos JJ, Flores-Nunes F, Toledo-Silva GD, Piazza CE, Bícego MC, Taniguchi S, Melo CMRD, Bainy ACD. Differential responses in the biotransformation systems of the oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1789) elicited by pyrene and fluorene: Molecular, biochemical and histological approach - Part II. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 226:105565. [PMID: 32682195 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pyrene (PYR) and fluorene (FLU) are among the sixteen priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and are both frequently detected in contaminated sites. Due to the importance of bivalve mollusks in biomonitoring programs and the scarce information on the biotransformation system in these organisms, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PYR and FLU at the transcriptional level and the enzymatic activities of some biotransformation systems in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and to evaluate the histological effects in their soft tissues. Oysters C. gigas were exposed for 24 h and 96 h to PYR (0.25 and 0.5 μM) and FLU (0.6 and 1.2 μM). After exposure, transcript levels of cytochrome P450 coding genes (CYP1-like, CYP2-like, CYP2AU2, CYP356A1, CYP17α-like), glutathione S tranferase genes (omega GSTO-like and microsomal, MGST-like) and sulfotransferase gene (SULT-like), and the activity of ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and microssomal GST (MGST) were evaluated in gills. Histologic changes were also evaluated after the exposure period. PYR and FLU bioconcentrated in oyster soft tissues. The half-life time of PYR in water was lower than fluorene, which is in accordance to the higher lipophilicity and bioconcentration of the former. EROD activity was below the limit of detection in all oysters exposed for 96 h to PYR and FLU. The reproductive stage of the oysters exposed to PYR was post-spawn. Exposure to PYR caused tubular atrophy in digestive diverticula, but had no effect on transcript levels of biotransformation genes. However, the organisms exposed for 96 h to PYR 0.5 μM showed higher MGST activity, suggesting a protective role against oxidative stress in gills of oysters under higher levels of PYR in the tissues. Increased number of mucous cells in mantle were observed in oysters exposed to the higher FLU concentration, suggesting a defense mechanisms. Oysters exposed for 24 h to FLU 1.2 μM were in the ripe stage of gonadal development and showed higher transcript levels of CYP2AU2, GSTO-like and SULT-like genes, suggesting a role in the FLU biotransformation. In addition, after 96 h of exposure to FLU there was a significant increase of mucous cells in the mantle of oysters but no effect was observed on the EROD, total GST and MGST activities. These results suggest that PAH have different effects on transcript levels of biotransformation genes and enzyme activities, however these differences could also be related to the reproductive stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis Mayna Martins Dos Reis
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marília Nardelli Siebert
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávia Lucena Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Toledo-Silva
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Clei Endrigo Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márcia Caruso Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Manoel Rodrigues de Melo
- Laboratory of Marine Mollusks (LMM), Department of Aquaculture, Center of Agricultural Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Zacchi FL, Dos Reis IMM, Siebert MN, Mattos JJ, Flores-Nunes F, Toledo-Silva GD, Piazza CE, Bícego MC, Taniguchi S, Bainy ACD. Differential responses in the biotransformation systems of the oyster Crassostrea gasar (Adanson, 1757) elicited by pyrene and fluorene: molecular, biochemical and histological approach - Part I. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 216:105318. [PMID: 31590133 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the main contaminants in aquatic environments. PAHs can affect organisms due to their carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or teratogenic characteristics. Depending on the PAHs, concentration, and period of exposure, biological damage can occur leading to histopathologic alterations. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular, biochemical and histological responses of the oyster Crassostrea gasar exposed to pyrene (0.25 and 0.5 μM) and fluorene (0.6 and 1.2 μM), after exposure for 24 and 96 h. Concentrations of both PAHs were quantified in the water and in oyster tissues. Transcript levels of phase I (CYP3475C1, CYP2-like, CYP2AU1 and CYP356A) and phase II (GSTO-like, MGST-like and SULT-like) biotransformation-related genes and the activities of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), total and microsomal glutathione S-transferase (GST and MGST) were evaluated in the gills. Also, histological changes and localization of mRNA transcripts CYP2AU1 in gills, mantle, and digestive diverticula were evaluated. Both PAHs accumulated in oyster tissues. Pyrene half-life in water was significantly lower than fluorene. Transcript levels of all genes were higher in oysters exposed to of pyrene 0.5 μM (24 h). Only CYP2AU1 gene was up-regulated by fluorene exposure. EROD and MGST activities were higher in oysters exposed to pyrene. Tubular atrophy in the digestive diverticula and an increased number of mucous cells in the mantle were observed in oysters exposed to pyrene. CYP2AU1 transcripts were observed in different tissues of pyrene-exposed oysters. A significant correlation was observed between tubular atrophy and the CYP2AU1 hybridization signal in oysters exposed to pyrene, suggesting the sensibility of the species to this PAH. These results suggest an important role of biotransformation-related genes and enzymes and tissue alterations associated to pyrene metabolism but not fluorene. In addition, it reinforces the role of CYP2AU1 gene in the biotransformation process of PAHs in the gills of C. gasar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Lucena Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Isis Mayna Martins Dos Reis
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marília Nardelli Siebert
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Toledo-Silva
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Cell biology, Embryology and Genetics Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Clei Endrigo Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Márcia Caruso Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Zhang J, He Y, Yan X, Qu C, Li J, Zhao S, Wang X, Guo B, Liu H, Qi P. Two novel CYP3A isoforms in marine mussel Mytilus coruscus: Identification and response to cadmium and benzo[a]pyrene. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 214:105239. [PMID: 31280135 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CYP3A enzymes play a crucial role in metabolic clearance of a variety of xenobiotics. However, their genetic information and function remain unclear in molluscs. In the present study, two novel CYP3A genes i.e. McCYP3A-1 and McCYP3A-2 were identified and characterized from the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus, and their tissue distribution as well as the response to cadmium (Cd) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[α]P) exposure were addressed using real time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND) assay. McCYP3A-1 and McCYP3A-2 possess typically domains of CYP family such as helix-C, helix-I, helix-K, PERF and the heme binding domain as well as the characteristic domains of CYP3s including six SRS motifs. McCYP3A-1 and McCYP3A-2 transcripts were constitutively expressed in all examined tissues with high expression level in digestive glands, hepatopancreas and gonads. Upon B[α]P exposure, McCYP3A-1 and McCYP3A-2 mRNA expression in digestive glands showed a pattern of up-regulation followed by down-regulation, while under Cd exposure, showed a time-dependent induction profile. In addition, ERND activity, generally used as an indicator of CYP3, increased in a time-dependent manner after exposure to Cd and B[α]P. These results collectively indicated that McCYP3A-1 and McCYP3A-2 are CYP3A family member and may play a potential role in metabolic clearance of xenobiotics. Meanwhile, the current results may provide some baseline data to support McCYP3A-1 and McCYP3A-2 as candidate biomarkers for monitoring of PAHs and heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshe Zhang
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Yuehua He
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Chengkai Qu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Jiji Li
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Baoying Guo
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Pengzhi Qi
- NationalEngineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China.
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Han J, Won EJ, Kang HM, Lee MC, Jeong CB, Kim HS, Hwang DS, Lee JS. Marine copepod cytochrome P450 genes and their applications for molecular ecotoxicological studies in response to oil pollution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:953-961. [PMID: 27686823 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, accidental spills of heavy oil have caused adverse effects in marine organisms. Oil pollution can induce damages on development and reproduction, linking with detrimental effects on diverse molecular levels of genes and proteins in plankton and fish. However, most information was mainly focused on marine vertebrates and consequently, limited information was available in marine invertebrates. Furthermore, there is still a lack of knowledge bridging in vivo endpoints with the functional regulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in response to oil spill pollution in marine invertebrates. In this paper, adverse effects of oil spill pollution in marine invertebrates are summarized with the importance of CYP genes as a potential biomarker, applying for environmental monitoring to detect oil spill using marine copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan 15627, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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de Toledo-Silva G, Razzera G, Zacchi FL, Wendt NC, Mattos JJ, Bainy ACD. Intracellular lipid binding protein family diversity from Oyster Crassostrea gigas: genomic and structural features of invertebrate lipid transporters. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46486. [PMID: 28429758 PMCID: PMC5399370 DOI: 10.1038/srep46486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular lipid binding proteins (iLBPs) play a role in the transport and cellular uptake of fatty acids and gene expression regulation. The aim of this work was to characterize the iLBP gene family of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, one of the most cultivated marine bivalves in the world, using bioinformatics and molecular biology approaches. A total of 26 different iLBPs transcripts were identified in the Pacific oyster genome, including alternative splicing and gene duplication events. The oyster iLBP gene family seems to be more expanded than in other invertebrates. Furthermore, 3D structural modeling and molecular docking analysis mapped the main amino acids involved in ligand interactions, and comparisons to available protein structures from vertebrate families revealed new binding cavities. Ten different CgiLBPs were analyzed by quantitative PCR in various tissues of C. gigas, which suggested differential prevalent gene expression of CgiLBPs among tissue groups. The data indicate a wider repertoire of iLBPs in labial palps, a food-sorting tissue. The different gene transcription profiles and reported docking systems suggest that the iLBPs are a non-generalist ligand binding protein family with specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme de Toledo-Silva
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Biochemistry Department, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Razzera
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Biochemistry Department, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Flavia Lucena Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Biochemistry Department, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Nestor Cubas Wendt
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Biochemistry Department, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Biochemistry Department, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Biochemistry Department, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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6
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Zacchi FL, de Lima D, Flores-Nunes F, Mattos JJ, Lüchmann KH, de Miranda Gomes CHA, Bícego MC, Taniguchi S, Sasaki ST, Dias Bainy AC. Transcriptional changes in oysters Crassostrea brasiliana exposed to phenanthrene at different salinities. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 183:94-103. [PMID: 28040644 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Euryhaline animals from estuaries, such as the oyster Crassostrea brasiliana, show physiological mechanisms of adaptation to tolerate salinity changes. These ecosystems receive constant input of xenobiotics from urban areas, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as phenanthrene (PHE). In order to understand the influence of salinity on the molecular responses of C. brasiliana exposed to PHE, oysters were acclimatized to different salinities (35, 25 and 10) for 15days and then exposed to 100μgL-1 PHE for 24h and 96h. Control groups were kept at the same salinities without PHE. Oysters were sampled for chemical analysis and the gills were excised for mRNA quantification by qPCR. Transcript levels of different genes were measured, including some involved in oxidative stress pathways, phases I and II of the xenobiotic biotransformation systems, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator putative gene. Higher transcript levels of Sulfotransferase-like gene (SULT-like) were observed in oysters exposed to PHE at salinity 10 compared to control (24h and 96h); cytochrome P450 isoforms (CYP2AU1, CYP2-like1) were more elevated in oysters exposed for 24h and CYP2-like2 after 96h of oysters exposed to PHE at salinity 10 compared to control. These results are probably associated to an enhanced Phase I biotransformation activity required for PHE detoxification under hyposmotic stress. Higher transcript levels of CAT-like, SOD-like, GSTm-like (96h) and GSTΩ-like (24h) in oysters kept at salinity 10 compared to organisms at salinities 25 and/or 35 are possibly related to enhaced ROS production. The transcription of these genes were not affected by PHE exposure. Amino acid metabolism-related genes (GAD-like (24h), GLYT-like, ARG-like (96h) and TAUT-like at 24h and 96h) also showed different transcription levels among organisms exposed to different salinities, suggesting their important role for oyster salinity adaptation, which is not affected by exposure to these levels of PHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Lucena Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Daína de Lima
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Karim Hahn Lüchmann
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - LBBM, Fishery Engineering Department, Santa Catarina State University, Laguna, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Caruso Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvio Tarou Sasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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7
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Pessatti TB, Lüchmann KH, Flores-Nunes F, Mattos JJ, Sasaki ST, Taniguchi S, Bícego MC, Dias Bainy AC. Upregulation of biotransformation genes in gills of oyster Crassostrea brasiliana exposed in situ to urban effluents, Florianópolis Bay, Southern Brazil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 131:172-180. [PMID: 27085375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The release of untreated sanitary sewage, combined with unplanned urban growth, are major factors contributing to degradation of coastal ecosystems in developing countries, including Brazil. Sanitary sewage is a complex mixture of chemicals that can negatively affect aquatic organisms. The use of molecular biomarkers can help to understand and to monitor the biological effects elicited by contaminants. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in transcript levels of genes related to xenobiotic biotransformation in the gills of oysters Crassostrea brasiliana transplanted and kept for 24h at three areas potentially contaminated by sanitary sewage (Bücheller river, BUC; Biguaçu river, BIG; and Ratones island, RAT), one farming area (Sambaqui beach, SAM) and at one reference site (Forte beach, FOR) in the North Bay of Santa Catarina Island (Florianópolis, Brazil). Transcript levels of four cytochrome P450 isoforms (CYP2AU1, CYP3A-like, CYP356A1-like and CYP20A1-like), three glutathione S-transferase (GST alpha-like, GST pi-like and GST microsomal 3-like) and one sulfotransferase gene (SULT-like) were evaluated by means of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Chemical analysis of the sediment from each site were performed and revealed the presence of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, linear alkylbenzenes and fecal sterols in the contaminated areas (BUC and BIG). Water quality analysis showed that these sites had the highest levels of fecal coliforms and other parameters evidencing the presence of urban sewage discharges. Among the results for gene transcription, CYP2AU1 and SULT-like levels were upregulated by 20 and 50-fold, respectively, in the oysters kept for 24h at the most contaminated site (BUC), suggesting a role of these genes in the detoxification of organic pollutants. These data reinforce that gills possibly have an important role in xenobiotic metabolism and highlight the use of C. brasiliana as a sentinel for monitoring environmental contamination in coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás B Pessatti
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Karim H Lüchmann
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - LBBM, Fishery Engineering Department, Santa Catarina State University, Laguna, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jacó J Mattos
- Aquaculture Pathology Research Center - NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Sílvio T Sasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Qu H, Ma RX, Liu DH, Jing X, Wang F, Zhou ZQ, Wang P. The toxicity, bioaccumulation, elimination, conversion of the enantiomers of fipronil in Anodonta woodiana. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 312:169-174. [PMID: 27037470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective bioaccumulation and elimination of fipronil in Anodonta woodiana (A. woodiana) were studied and the main metabolites fipronil desulfinyl, fipronil sulfide and fipronil sulfone were determined. The acute toxicity of the enantiomers of fipronil and the three metabolites were also investigated. In the bioaccumulation process, fipronil in A. woodiana reached equilibrium after 11days with BCF value of 0.2, and the enantiomeric fraction (EF) values showed that the bioaccumulation was enantioselective with enantioenrichment of S-fipronil. The degradation of fipronil in A. woodiana fitted first-order kinetics model with half-lives of the enantiomers were 5.8 d for R-fipronil and 7.6 d for S-fipronil, and the EF values decreasing from 0.5 gradually indicating the R-enantiomer was preferentially degraded. The degradation of single enantiomers was also performed and the results revealed a fast conversion of R-fipronil to S-fipronil by A. woodiana. The three metabolites were all detected in A. woodiana-water system, in which fipronil sulfone and fipronil sulfide had higher concentration levels. According to the 72-h LC50 values, S-fipronil was much more toxic than the racemate and R-fipronil. Moreover, the metabolites were more toxic than the parent fipronil. The results suggested the individual enantiomers of chiral pollutants and the metabolites should be considered in the risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Rui-Xue Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Dong-Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xu Jing
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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9
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Akcha F, Barranger A, Bachère E, Berthelin CH, Piquemal D, Alonso P, Sallan RR, Dimastrogiovanni G, Porte C, Menard D, Szczybelski A, Benabdelmouna A, Auffret M, Rouxel J, Burgeot T. Effects of an environmentally relevant concentration of diuron on oyster genitors during gametogenesis: responses of early molecular and cellular markers and physiological impacts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8008-8020. [PMID: 26780042 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Genitors of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were submitted during gametogenesis to a short pulse exposure to the herbicide diuron at a realistic environmental concentration. Histological analysis showed no effect of diuron on gametogenesis course, sex ratio and reproductive effort. A non-significant increase in testosterone and progesterone levels was observed in genitors exposed to the herbicide. At cell level, diuron exposure was shown to modulate the phagocytic activity of circulating hemocytes. The results of a transcriptional analysis showed that diuron affected the expression of genes belonging to functions known to play a major role during oyster gametogenesis such as gene transcription regulation, DNA replication and repair, DNA methylation and cytokinesis. Taking into account the results we previously obtained on the same genitors, this study showed a negative effect of diuron on oyster reproduction by inducing both structural and functional modifications of the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Akcha
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France.
| | - A Barranger
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - E Bachère
- Ifremer, UMR 5244, IHPE Interaction Host Pathogen Environment, UPVD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CC 80, F-34095, Montpellier, France
| | - C Heude Berthelin
- Unité Biologie des organismes et écosystèmes aquatiques (BOREA, UMR 7208), Université de Caen Normandie, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, IRD, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - D Piquemal
- Acobiom, 1682 rue de la Valsière, CS 77394 Cap Delta Biopole Euromédecine II, 34184, Montpellier Cedex 04, France
| | - P Alonso
- Ifremer, UMR 5244, IHPE Interaction Host Pathogen Environment, UPVD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CC 80, F-34095, Montpellier, France
| | - R Rondon Sallan
- Ifremer, UMR 5244, IHPE Interaction Host Pathogen Environment, UPVD, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, CC 80, F-34095, Montpellier, France
| | - G Dimastrogiovanni
- IDAEA-CSIC, Environmental Chemistry Department, C/ Jordi Girona, 1808034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Porte
- IDAEA-CSIC, Environmental Chemistry Department, C/ Jordi Girona, 1808034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Menard
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - A Szczybelski
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - A Benabdelmouna
- Ifremer, Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologies, Rue de Mus de Loup, La Tremblade, 17390, France
| | - M Auffret
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, rue Dumont d'Urville, technopôle, Brest-Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - J Rouxel
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
| | - T Burgeot
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 03, France
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10
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dos Reis IMM, Mattos JJ, Garcez RC, Zacchi FL, Miguelão T, Flores-Nunes F, Toledo-Silva G, Sasaki ST, Taniguchi S, Bícego MC, Cargnin-Ferreira E, Bainy ACD. Histological responses and localization of the cytochrome P450 (CYP2AU1) in Crassostrea brasiliana exposed to phenanthrene. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 169:79-89. [PMID: 26519834 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthrene (PHE) is an abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), widely distributed in aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological and molecular effects in the native oyster Crassostrea brasiliana(Lamarck, 1819) exposed to 100 and 1000 μg L(-1) PHE for 1, 5 and 10 days. Histological and chemical analyses were performed to evaluate, respectively, alterations in oyster tissues and bioaccumulation. In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to assess tissue distribution of CYP2AU1, a gene formerly identified as activated by PHE exposure in this species.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in mantle was carried out to validate ISH data. Oysters bioaccumulated PHE increasingly along the exposure period in both exposure concentrations. Histologic changes, like tubular atrophy in digestive diverticula (digestive gland) and increased number of mucous cells in the mantle were observed in animals exposed to PHE for 10 days. ISH showed the presence of CYP2AU1transcripts in gills, digestive diverticula, mantle, intestine and gonads, but significant differences in transcript detection by ISH between treatments occurred only in gills, mantle and intestine. A positive and significant correlation between tubular atrophy and CYP2AU1hybridization signal was observed in digestive diverticula, suggesting that this gene product might be involved in energetic metabolism in C. brasiliana. Increased mucous cells and CYP2AU1transcript levels were observed in the mantle, where the inner and middle lobes showed higher intensity of hybridization signal. Mantle should be considered as a target organ for CYP2AU1 transcript evaluation and histological alterations in biomonitoring studies. CYP2AU1 signal in female gonads was observed in all follicular cells from different gonadic stages, while in male only the spermatic follicle cells of the wall in the pre-spawning stage showed this signal. ISH was an effective technique to evaluate the effects of PHE exposure and to locate CYP2AU1 transcripts in different tissues of oyster C. brasiliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis M M dos Reis
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry-LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jacó J Mattos
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry-LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Aquaculture Pathology Research Center-NEPAQ, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ricardo C Garcez
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Flávia L Zacchi
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry-LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Talita Miguelão
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry-LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry-LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Toledo-Silva
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry-LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sílvio T Sasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry-LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry-LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry-LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Cargnin-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Histological Markers, Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Santa Catarina, IFSC, Garopaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Afonso C D Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry-LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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