1
|
Cayuela L, Gaeta AM, Lopez-Campos JL, Cayuela A. Trends in lung cancer incidence in Spain (1990-2019): insights from Global Burden of Diseases data. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03555-9. [PMID: 38896340 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines lung cancer incidence in Spain (1990-2019) through age-period-cohort (A-P-C) analysis and Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) data, unravelling the complex interplay of age, period, and birth cohort in shaping these trends. METHODS Utilizing GBD and Spanish population data, the study calculates age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and employs Joinpoint analysis to identify significant trends. A-P-C analysis dissects the individual effects of age, calendar period, and birth cohort on incidence patterns. RESULTS Between 1990 and 2019, almost 738,000 cases of lung cancer were diagnosed in Spain, with an average annual increase of 1.7%. The ASIR of lung cancer in Spain from 1990 to 2019 showed a sustained upward trend in women (Average Annual Per cent Change: 2.5%, P < 0.05), reaching 23.3 cases per 100,000 in 2019, whilst men experienced a significant decrease in incidence rates (AAPC: -0.6%, P < 0.05), falling to 108.9 in 2019. The male-to-female incidence ratio decreased from 12.2 in 1992 to 4.9 in 2019. Joinpoint analysis identified distinct periods for both sexes, with men showing stability, decline and then a significant decrease, whereas women showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. The longitudinal age curves showed a consistently higher incidence risk in men, peaking in the 80-84 age group. Male cohorts since the 1920s showed a decreasing relative risk, whereas women showed fluctuations in risk over time. CONCLUSION Lung cancer rates are falling in Spain, especially amongst men, due to lower smoking rates. The gender gap is closing, but prevention targeted at women is needed. Tighter tobacco control and research into other risk factors are essential. Understanding the long-term effects of smoking and early exposure is key to better prevention and treatment in Spain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Cayuela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Spain
| | - Anna Michela Gaeta
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Spain.
| | - José Luis Lopez-Campos
- Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurelio Cayuela
- Unit of Public Health, Prevention and Health Promotion, South Seville Health Management Area, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Catelan D, Biggeri A, Bucchi L, Manno V, Pappagallo M, Stoppa G, Grippo F, Frova L, Zamagni F, Crialesi R, Minelli G. Epidemiologic transition of lung cancer mortality in Italy by sex, province of residence and birth cohort (1920-1929 to 1960-1969). Int J Cancer 2023; 153:1746-1757. [PMID: 37486208 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Space-time analysis of mortality risk is useful to evaluate the epidemiologic transitions at the subnational level. In our study, we analysed the death certificate records for lung cancer in Italy in 1995-2016, obtained from the Italian National Institute of Statistics. Our objective was to investigate the spatial-temporal evolution of lung cancer mortality by sex and province of residence (n = 107) using the birth cohort as relevant time axis. We built Bayesian space-time models with space-time interactions. Among males (n = 554 829), mortality peaked in the 1920-1929 cohort, followed by a generalised decline. Among females (n = 158 619), we found novel original evidence for a peak in the 1955-1964 cohort, equivalent to a 35-year delay, with a downward trend being observed thereafter. Over time, the documented north-south decreasing mortality gradient has been replaced by a west-east decreasing gradient. Naples has become the province at highest risk in Italy, both among males and females. This pattern is consistent with an epidemiologic transition of risk factors for lung cancer to the south-west of the country and raises concern, because 5-year age-standardised net survival from the disease in this geographic area is lower than in northern and central Italy. The variability of mortality rates among provinces has changed over time, with an increasing homogeneity for males and an opposite trend for females in the more recent birth cohorts. These unprecedented observations provide evidence for a profound spatio-temporal transition of lung cancer mortality in Italy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Catelan
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Annibale Biggeri
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lauro Bucchi
- Emilia-Romagna Cancer Registry, Romagna Cancer Institute, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) Dino Amadori, Meldola, Forlì, Italy
| | - Valerio Manno
- Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena Pappagallo
- Integrated System for Health, Social Assistance and Welfare, Italian National Institute of Statistics, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Stoppa
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Grippo
- Integrated System for Health, Social Assistance and Welfare, Italian National Institute of Statistics, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Frova
- Integrated System for Health, Social Assistance and Welfare, Italian National Institute of Statistics, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Zamagni
- Emilia-Romagna Cancer Registry, Romagna Cancer Institute, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) Dino Amadori, Meldola, Forlì, Italy
| | - Roberta Crialesi
- Integrated System for Health, Social Assistance and Welfare, Italian National Institute of Statistics, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Minelli
- Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cayuela L, Medina-López R, Lendínez-Cano G, Cayuela A. Bladder cancer mortality trends in Spain: 1980-2021. Actas Urol Esp 2023; 47:517-526. [PMID: 37355208 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We propose to update bladder cancer mortality rates in Spain from 1980 to 2021, by sex and age-group, by autonomous community (AC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The public online databases of the National Statistical Institute were used to obtain data on population and bladder cancer mortality. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASMRs), all ages and truncated (<75 and ≥75) were estimated and reported as rates per 100,000 persons. Joinpoint regression software was used for estimation and trend analysis of ASMRs bladder cancer. RESULTS In the last decade, the ASMR for bladder cancer (all ages, <75 years and ≥75 years) decreased significantly in Spain for both sexes. This trend was observed in 12 ACs for men and in 4 ACs (Andalusia, Canary Islands, Catalonia and Madrid) for women, although to different degrees. For men, ASMR remained stable in Castilla-León and La Rioja (<75 years), Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha and Valencia (≥75 years) and the 2 Castilian regions (all ages). For women, ASMR also decreased in Valencia (<75 and ≥75), Castilla-León (≥75), Galicia (≥75 and all ages) and Navarre (<75 and all ages). CONCLUSION Our results reveal significant variations in trends by AC, sex and age group, emphasizing the need for continued follow-up and targeted interventions to further reduce bladder cancer mortality rates in Spain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Cayuela
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, España
| | - R Medina-López
- Servicio de Urología y Nefrología, Unidad de Uro-oncología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España; Unidad de Salud Pública, Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Área de Gestión Sanitaria Sur de Sevilla, Sevilla, España
| | - G Lendínez-Cano
- Servicio de Urología y Nefrología, Unidad de Uro-oncología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - A Cayuela
- Unidad de Salud Pública, Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Área de Gestión Sanitaria Sur de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen de Valme, Sevilla, España.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang Z, Cai Y, Chen Y, Ai Z, Chen F, Wang H, Han Q, Feng Q, Xiang Z. A CT-Based Radiomics Nomogram Combined with Clinic-Radiological Characteristics for Preoperative Prediction of the Novel IASLC Grading of Invasive Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma. Acad Radiol 2023; 30:1946-1961. [PMID: 36567145 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The novel International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) grading system of invasive lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) demonstrated a remarkable prognostic effect and enabled numerous patients to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. We sought to build a CT-based nomogram for preoperative prediction of the IASLC grading. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work retrospectively analyzed the CT images and clinical data of 303 patients with pathologically confirmed invasive ADC. The histological subtypes and radiological characteristics of the patients were re-evaluated. Radiomics features were extracted, and the optimal subset of features was established by ANOVA, spearman correlation analysis, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified the independent clinical and radiological variables. Finally, multivariate logistic regression analysis incorporated clinical, radiological, and optimal radiomics features into the nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and accuracy were applied to assess the model's performance. Decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curve were applied to assess the clinical usefulness. RESULTS Nine selected CT image features were used to develop the radiomics model. The accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of the radiomics model outperformed the clinic-radiological model in the training and testing sets. Integrating Radscore with independent radiological characteristics showed higher prediction performance than clinic-radiological characteristics alone in the training (AUC, 0.915 vs. 0.882; DeLong, p < 0.05) and testing (AUC, 0.838 vs. 0.782; DeLong, p < 0.05) sets. Good calibration and decision curve analysis demonstrated the clinical usefulness of the nomogram. CONCLUSION Radiomics features effectively predict high-grade ADC. The combined nomogram may facilitate selecting patients who benefit from adjuvant treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihe Yang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R. China,(Z.Y.,Y.C.,Y.C.,Z.A.,Q.H.,Z.X.); School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, GD, P.R.China,(Z.Y.,Q.F.)
| | - Yuqin Cai
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R. China,(Z.Y.,Y.C.,Y.C.,Z.A.,Q.H.,Z.X.)
| | - Yirong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R. China,(Z.Y.,Y.C.,Y.C.,Z.A.,Q.H.,Z.X.)
| | - Zhu Ai
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R. China,(Z.Y.,Y.C.,Y.C.,Z.A.,Q.H.,Z.X.)
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R.China,(F.C.,H.W.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R.China,(F.C.,H.W.)
| | - Qijia Han
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R. China,(Z.Y.,Y.C.,Y.C.,Z.A.,Q.H.,Z.X.)
| | - Qili Feng
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, GD, P.R.China,(Z.Y.,Q.F.)
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, GD, P.R. China,(Z.Y.,Y.C.,Y.C.,Z.A.,Q.H.,Z.X.).
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rey-Brandariz J, Blanco-Ferreiro A, Varela-Lema L, Santiago-Pérez MI, Ruano-Ravina A, Galán I, Candal-Pedreira C, Ríos MP. Estimations of smoking-attributable mortality in Spain at a regional level: Comparison of two methods. Ann Epidemiol 2023:S1047-2797(23)00062-5. [PMID: 37037345 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate and to discuss smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) for the 17 regions in Spain among population aged ≥35 years in 2017, using two methods. METHODS A descriptive analysis of SAM was conducted using two methods, the prevalence-independent method (PIM) and the prevalence-dependent method (PDM). Observed mortality was obtained from the National Institute of Statistics; smoking prevalence from 3 National Health Surveys; lung cancer mortality rates from the Cancer Prevention Study-II; and relative risks from 5 US cohorts. SAM and percentages of change were estimated for each region overall, by sex and cause of death. RESULTS In 2017, tobacco caused 56,203 deaths in Spain applying the PIM. Using the PDM the number of deaths was a 4.4% (95%CI: 3.4-5.5) lower (53,825 deaths). Except in 4 regions, the PIM estimated a higher overall SAM and the maximum percentage of change was 18.6%. Overall percentages of change were higher for women (15.7% 95%CI: 12.6-19.0) and for cardiovascular diseases-diabetes mellitus (13.8%; 95%CI: 11.5-16.2). CONCLUSION At the national level, both methods estimate similar figures of SAM. However, difference in estimates appears at the subnational level. Differences were higher in subgroups with lower smoking prevalence and for causes of death with periods of induction shorter than those for lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rey-Brandariz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Blanco-Ferreiro
- Service of Preventive Medicine, University Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Leonor Varela-Lema
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - María Isolina Santiago-Pérez
- Epidemiology Department, Directorate-General of Public Health, Galician Regional Health Authority, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Ruano-Ravina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Iñaki Galán
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Candal-Pedreira
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública/CIBERESP), Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vera R, Juan-Vidal O, Safont-Aguilera MJ, de la Peña FA, Del Alba AG. Sex differences in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of cancer: the rationale for an individualised approach. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03112-w. [PMID: 36802013 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03112-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision medicine in oncology aims to identify the most beneficial interventions based on a patient's individual features and disease. However, disparities exist when providing cancer care to patients based on an individual's sex. OBJECTIVE To discuss how sex differences impact the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, disease progression, and response to treatment, with a focus on data from Spain. RESULTS Genetic and environmental factors (social or economic inequalities, power imbalances, and discrimination) that contribute to these differences adversely affect cancer patient health outcomes. Increased health professional awareness of sex differences is essential to the success of translational research and clinical oncological care. CONCLUSIONS The Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica created a Task Force group to raise oncologists' awareness and to implement measures to address sex differences in cancer patient management in Spain. This is a necessary and fundamental step towards optimizing precision medicine that will benefit all individuals equally and equitably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Vera
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona. IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Irunlarrea 3, 31190, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Oscar Juan-Vidal
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María José Safont-Aguilera
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Valencia, Valencia University, Valencia. CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ayala de la Peña
- Medical Oncology, Department of Haematology and Oncology, University General Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aránzazu González Del Alba
- Genitourinary Tumour Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Attenuation of Tumor Burden in Response to Rucaparib in Lung Adenocarcinoma: The Contribution of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and DNA Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032580. [PMID: 36768904 PMCID: PMC9916668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer, overactivation of poly (ADPribose) polymerases (PARP) plays a relevant role in DNA repair. We hypothesized that treatment with the PARP inhibitor rucaparib may reduce tumor burden via several biological mechanisms (apoptosis and oxidative stress) in mice. In lung tumors (LP07 lung adenocarcinoma) of mice treated/non-treated (control animals) with PARP inhibitor (rucaparib,150 mg/kg body weight/24 h for 20 day), PARP activity and expression, DNA damage, apoptotic nuclei, cell proliferation, and redox balance were measured using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. In lung tumors of rucaparib-treated mice compared to non-treated animals, tumor burden, PARP activity, and cell proliferation decreased, while DNA damage, TUNEL-positive nuclei, protein oxidation, and superoxide dismutase content (SOD)2 increased. In this experiment on lung adenocarcinoma, the pharmacological PARP inhibitor rucaparib elicited a significant improvement in tumor size, probably through a reduction in cell proliferation as a result of a rise in DNA damage and apoptosis. Oxidative stress and SOD2 also increased in response to treatment with rucaparib within the tumor cells of the treated mice. These results put the line forward to the contribution of PARP inhibitors to reduced tumor burden in lung adenocarcinoma. The potential implications of these findings should be tested in clinical settings of patients with lung tumors.
Collapse
|
8
|
Viña JIDL, Ramírez-Rodríguez G, Alcázar-Navarrete B. Segmentectomy in Lung Cancer as a New Standard of Treatment: Can Less Be More? Arch Bronconeumol 2022; 58:687-688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
9
|
Chiner-Vives E, Cordovilla-Pérez R, de la Rosa-Carrillo D, García-Clemente M, Izquierdo-Alonso JL, Otero-Candelera R, Pérez-de Llano L, Sellares-Torres J, de Granda-Orive JI. Short and Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Previous Respiratory Diseases. Arch Bronconeumol 2022; 58 Suppl 1:39-50. [PMID: 35501222 PMCID: PMC9012323 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. Till now, it affected 452.4 million (Spain, 11.18 million) persons all over the world with a total of 6.04 million of deaths (Spain, 100,992). It is observed that 75% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients have at least one COVID-19 associated comorbidity. It was shown that people with underlying chronic illnesses are more likely to get it and grow seriously ill. Individuals with COVID-19 who have a past medical history of cardiovascular disorder, cancer, obesity, chronic lung disease, diabetes, or neurological disease had the worst prognosis and are more likely to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome or pneumonia. COVID-19 can affect the respiratory system in a variety of ways and across a spectrum of levels of disease severity, depending on a person's immune system, age and comorbidities. Symptoms can range from mild, such as cough, shortness of breath and fever, to critical disease, including respiratory failure, shock and multi-organ system failure. So, COVID-19 infection can cause overall worsening of these previous respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease, etc. This review aims to provide information on the impact of the COVID-19 disease on pre-existing lung comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eusebi Chiner-Vives
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Respiratory Department, Sant Joan University Hospital, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosa Cordovilla-Pérez
- Respiratory Department, Salamanca University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Marta García-Clemente
- Lung Management Area, HUCA, Institute for Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - José Luis Izquierdo-Alonso
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain
| | | | - Luis Pérez-de Llano
- Respiratory Department, Lucus Augusti University Hospital, EOXI Lugo, Monforte, CERVO, Lugo, Spain
| | - Jacobo Sellares-Torres
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Working Group, Respiratory Department, Clinic-University Hospital-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Retegui G, Etxeberria J, Ugarte MD. Estimating LOCP cancer mortality rates in small domains in Spain using its relationship with lung cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22273. [PMID: 34782680 PMCID: PMC8593013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (LOCP) cancer mortality rates in small domains (defined as the combination of province, age group, and gender) remains unknown in Spain. As many of the LOCP risk factors are preventable, specific prevention programmes could be implemented but this requires a clear specification of the target population. This paper provides an in-depth description of LOCP mortality rates by province, age group and gender, giving a complete overview of the disease. This study also presents a methodological challenge. As the number of LOCP cancer cases in small domains (province, age groups and gender) is scarce, univariate spatial models do not provide reliable results or are even impossible to fit. In view of the close link between LOCP and lung cancer, we consider analyzing them jointly by using shared component models. These models allow information-borrowing among diseases, ultimately providing the analysis of cancer sites with few cases at a very disaggregated level. Results show that males have higher mortality rates than females and these rates increase with age. Regions located in the north of Spain show the highest LOCP cancer mortality rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garazi Retegui
- Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute of Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jaione Etxeberria
- Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain
- Institute of Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Dolores Ugarte
- Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Niksic M, Redondo-Sanchez D, Chang YL, Rodriguez-Barranco M, Exposito-Hernandez J, Marcos-Gragera R, Oliva-Poch E, Bosch-Barrera J, Sanchez MJ, Luque-Fernandez MA. The role of multimorbidity in short-term mortality of lung cancer patients in Spain: a population-based cohort study. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1048. [PMID: 34556072 PMCID: PMC8461961 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Chronic diseases often occur simultaneously and tend to be associated with adverse health outcomes, but limited research has been undertaken to understand their role in lung cancer mortality. Therefore, this study aims to describe the prevalence and patterns of having one (comorbidity) or ≥ 2 chronic diseases (multimorbidity) among lung cancer patients in Spain, and to examine the association between comorbidity or multimorbidity and short-term mortality risk at six months after cancer diagnosis. METHODS In this population-based cohort study, data were drawn from two Spanish population-based cancer registries, Girona and Granada, and electronic health records. We identified 1259 adult lung cancer patients, diagnosed from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2012. We identified the most common patterns of individual comorbidities and their pairwise correlations. We used a flexible parametric modelling approach to assess the overall short-term mortality risk 6 months after cancer diagnosis by levels of comorbidity after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, province of residence, surgery, cancer stage, histology, and body mass index. RESULTS We found high prevalence of comorbidity in lung cancer patients, especially among the elderly, men, those diagnosed with advanced-stage tumours, smokers, and obese patients. The most frequent comorbidities were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (36.6%), diabetes (20.7%) and heart failure (16.8%). The strongest pairwise correlation was the combination of heart failure with renal disease (r = 0.20, p < 0.01), and heart failure with diabetes (r = 0.16, p < 0.01). Patients with either one or two or more comorbidities had 40% higher overall mortality risk than those without comorbidities (aHR for comorbidity: 1.4, 95%CI: 1.1-1.7; aHR for multimorbidity: 1.4, 95%CI: 1.1-1.8), when relevant confounding factors were considered. CONCLUSIONS The presence of comorbid diseases, rather than the number of comorbidities, was associated with increasing the risk of short-term lung cancer mortality in Spain. Comorbidity was a consistent and independent predictor of mortality among lung cancer patients, six months after diagnosis. The most common comorbid conditions were age-, obesity- and tobacco-related diseases. Our findings highlight the need to develop targeted preventive interventions and more personalised clinical guidelines to address the needs of lung cancer patients with one or more comorbidities in Spain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Niksic
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Daniel Redondo-Sanchez
- Non-Communicable Disease and Cancer Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centers of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada Cancer Registry, Granada, Spain
| | - Yoe-Ling Chang
- Non-Communicable Disease and Cancer Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada Cancer Registry, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco
- Non-Communicable Disease and Cancer Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centers of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada Cancer Registry, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Exposito-Hernandez
- Non-Communicable Disease and Cancer Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Department of Oncology, HU Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- Biomedical Network Research Centers of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
- Descriptive Epidemiology, Genetics and Cancer Prevention Group, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Ester Oliva-Poch
- Radiation Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Bosch-Barrera
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Sanchez
- Non-Communicable Disease and Cancer Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centers of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada Cancer Registry, Granada, Spain
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Luque-Fernandez
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
- Non-Communicable Disease and Cancer Epidemiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centers of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada Cancer Registry, Granada, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han P, Yue J, Kong K, Hu S, Cao P, Deng Y, Li F, Zhao B. Signature identification of relapse-related overall survival of early lung adenocarcinoma after radical surgery. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11923. [PMID: 34430085 PMCID: PMC8349519 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The widespread use of low-dose chest CT screening has improved the detection of early lung adenocarcinoma. Radical surgery is the best treatment strategy for patients with early lung adenocarcinoma; however, some patients present with postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis. Through this study, we hope to establish a model that can identify patients that are prone to recurrence and have poor prognosis after surgery for early lung adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods We screened prognostic and relapse-related genes using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the GSE50081 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The GSE30219 dataset was used to further screen target genes and construct a risk prognosis signature. Time-dependent ROC analysis, calibration degree analysis, and DCA were used to evaluate the reliability of the model. We validated the TCGA dataset, GSE50081, and GSE30219 internally. External validation was conducted in the GSE31210 dataset. Results A novel four-gene signature (INPP5B, FOSL2, CDCA3, RASAL2) was established to predict relapse-related survival outcomes in patients with early lung adenocarcinoma after surgery. The discovery of these genes may reveal the molecular mechanism of recurrence and poor prognosis of early lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, ROC analysis, calibration analysis and DCA were used to verify the genetic signature internally and externally. Our results showed that our gene signature had a good predictive ability for recurrence and prognosis. Conclusions We established a four-gene signature and predictive model to predict the recurrence and corresponding survival rates in patients with early lung adenocarcinoma after surgery. These may be helpful for reforumulating post-operative consolidation treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaqi Yue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kangle Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Increased PARP Activity and DNA Damage in NSCLC Patients: The Influence of COPD. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113333. [PMID: 33187221 PMCID: PMC7697659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Lung cancer (LC) is a major leading cause of death worldwide. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 and PARP-2 are key players in cancer. We aimed to assess PARP-1 and PARP-2 expression and activity and DNA damage in tumors and non-tumor lungs from patients with/without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (2) Methods: Lung tumor and non-tumor specimens were obtained through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in LC patients with/without underlying COPD (two groups of patients, n = 15/group). PARP-1 and PARP-2 expression (ELISA), PARP activity (PARP colorimetric assay kit) and DNA damage (immunohistochemistry) levels were identified in all samples. (3) Results: Both PARP-1 and PARP-2 expression levels were significantly lower in lung tumors (irrespective of COPD)compared to non-tumor specimens, while DNA damage and PARP activity levels significantly increased in lung tumors compared to non-tumor specimens only in LC-COPD patients. PARP-2 expression was positively correlated with smoking burden in LC-COPD patients. (4) Conclusions: In lung tumors of COPD patients, an overactivation of PARP enzyme was observed. A decline in PARP-1 and PARP-2 protein expression was seen in lung tumors irrespective of COPD. Other phenotypic features (airway obstruction) beyond cancer may account for the increase in PARP activity seen in the tumors of patients with underlying COPD.
Collapse
|