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Ge S, Khachemoune A. Neuroanatomy of the Cutaneous Nervous System Regarding Wound Healing. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2024; 23:191-204. [PMID: 34779294 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211054598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is an important topic in modern medicine across many disciplines. Healing of all cutaneous wounds, whether accidentally sustained or intentionally created, requires the common yet complex set of interactions between the immune, circulatory, nervous, endocrine, and integumentary systems. Deficits in any of these systems or the molecular factors that mediate their communications can contribute to impaired healing of cutaneous wounds. While the stages of wound repair, angiogenesis, growth factors, and cytokines involved have been extensively studied, the role of the cutaneous nervous system in wound healing has not been well outlined. We have provided a basic overview of cutaneous innervation and wound repair for the dermatologic surgeon by outlining the normal cutaneous nervous anatomy and function and discussing the most important neuropeptides that mediate the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amor Khachemoune
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY USA
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Noh CH, Park S, Seong HR, Lee AY, Tsolmon KE, Geum D, Hong SC, Kim TM, Choi EK, Kim YB. An Exosome-Rich Conditioned Medium from Human Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells Facilitates Wound Healing via Increased Reepithelization, Collagen Synthesis, and Angiogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:2698. [PMID: 38067126 PMCID: PMC10705799 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration is an essential requirement for wound healing and recovery of organs' function. It has been demonstrated that wound healing can be facilitated by activating paracrine signaling mediated by exosomes secreted from stem cells, since exosomes deliver many functional molecules including growth factors (GFs) and neurotrophic factors (NFs) effective for tissue regeneration. In this study, an exosome-rich conditioned medium (ERCM) was collected from human amniotic membrane stem cells (AMSCs) by cultivating the cells under a low oxygen tension (2% O2 and 5% CO2). The contents of GFs and NFs including keratinocyte growth factor, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 1, transforming growth factor-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor responsible for skin regeneration were much higher (10-30 folds) in the ERCM than in normal conditioned medium (NCM). In was found that CM-DiI-labeled exosomes readily entered keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and that ERCM not only facilitated the proliferation of keratinocytes in normal condition, but also protected against H2O2 cytotoxicity. In cell-migration assay, the scratch wound in keratinocyte culture dish was rapidly closed by treatment with ERCM. Such wound-healing effects of ERCM were confirmed in a rat whole skin-excision model: i.e., the wound closure was significantly accelerated, remaining minimal crusts, by topical application of ERCM solution (4 × 109 exosome particles/100 μL) at 4-day intervals. In the wounded skin, the deposition of collagens was enhanced by treatment with ERCM, which was supported by the increased production of collagen-1 and collagen-3. In addition, enhanced angiogenesis in ERCM-treated wounds was confirmed by increased von Willebrand factor (vWF)-positive endothelial cells. The results indicate that ERCM from AMSCs with high concentrations of GFs and NFs improves wound healing through tissue regeneration not only by facilitating keratinocyte proliferation for skin repair, but also activating fibroblasts for extracellular matrix production, in addition to the regulation of angiogenesis and scar tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Ho Noh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangryong Park
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Seong
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Young Lee
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Khan-Erdene Tsolmon
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Geum
- Department of Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Myoung Kim
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Ehn-Kyoung Choi
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Bae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Central Research Institute, Designed Cells Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28576, Republic of Korea
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Shaabani E, Sharifiaghdam M, Faridi-Majidi R, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K, Fraire JC. Gene therapy to enhance angiogenesis in chronic wounds. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:871-899. [PMID: 36159590 PMCID: PMC9464651 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Skin injuries and chronic non-healing wounds are one of the major global burdens on the healthcare systems worldwide due to their difficult-to-treat nature, associated co-morbidities, and high health care costs. Angiogenesis has a pivotal role in the wound-healing process, which becomes impaired in many chronic non-healing wounds, leading to several healing disorders and complications. Therefore, induction or promotion of angiogenesis can be considered a promising approach for healing of chronic wounds. Gene therapy is one of the most promising upcoming strategies for the treatment of chronic wounds. It can be classified into three main approaches: gene augmentation, gene silencing, and gene editing. Despite the increasing number of encouraging results obtained using nucleic acids (NAs) as active pharmaceutical ingredients of gene therapy, efficient delivery of NAs to their site of action (cytoplasm or nucleus) remains a key challenge. Selection of the right therapeutic cargo and delivery methods is crucial for a favorable prognosis of the healing process. This article presents an overview of gene therapy and non-viral delivery methods for angiogenesis induction in chronic wounds.
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Nour S, Imani R, Chaudhry GR, Sharifi AM. Skin wound healing assisted by angiogenic targeted tissue engineering: A comprehensive review of bioengineered approaches. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:453-478. [PMID: 32985051 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Skin injuries and in particular, chronic wounds, are one of the major prevalent medical problems, worldwide. Due to the pivotal role of angiogenesis in tissue regeneration, impaired angiogenesis can cause several complications during the wound healing process and skin regeneration. Therefore, induction or promotion of angiogenesis can be considered as a promising approach to accelerate wound healing. This article presents a comprehensive overview of current and emerging angiogenesis induction methods applied in several studies for skin regeneration, which are classified into the cell, growth factor, scaffold, and biological/chemical compound-based strategies. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these angiogenic strategies along with related research examples are discussed in order to demonstrate their potential in the treatment of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Nour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Rana Imani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - G Rasul Chaudhry
- OU-WB Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Tissue Engineering Group (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Huang J, Chen J, Wo Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang Z, Biskup E. CO 2 Fractional Laser Combined with 5-Fluorouracil Ethosomal Gel Treatment of Hypertrophic Scar Macro-, Microscopic, and Molecular Mechanism of Action in a Rabbit Animal Model. Rejuvenation Res 2020; 24:131-138. [PMID: 32578501 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of hypertrophic scar (HS) has thus far been a clinical challenge. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of CO2 fractional laser combined with 5-fluorouracil ethosomal gel (5-FU EG) in rabbit HS model. HS model was established as standardized scars on the ventral surface of rabbit ears, divided into four groups: control (no intervention), EG treatment, laser treatment, and combined treatment group (laser plus 5-FU EG). Clinical macroscopic and H&E-stained microscopic observations were conducted to assess HS improvement. The mRNA levels of types I and III collagen, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by real-time PCR. After 14 days, H&E staining shows that the thickness of HS in treatment groups was significantly lower compared with the control group, and the thickness in laser treatment group and combined treatment group was significantly lower compared with the EG treatment group. The mRNA levels of types I and III collagen, TGF-β1 were significantly low in all treatment groups, whereas IL-6 was highest in the laser treatment group at day 14. The macro- and microscopic effects of the combined and CO2 fractional laser treatment were better compared with 5-FU EG only. Inhibition of types I and III collagen, TGF-β1 are the possible underlying mechanism of action, whereas the function of IL-6 remains to be further studied. Our study suggests that the effect of combined 5-FU EG and laser, as well as laser-only treatment are superior to 5-FU EG monotreatment. The mechanism of HS improvement is related to reduction of collagen I/III and the inhibition of TGF-β1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wo
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ewelina Biskup
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Levofloxacin nanoemulsion gel has a powerful healing effect on infected wound in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 11:292-304. [PMID: 32529392 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00794-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a novel oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsion gel containing levofloxacin for enhanced topical efficacy. Average particle size of sesame oil nanoemulsion without (SONE) and containing levofloxacin (SONEL) was found as 25.2 and 26.3 nm, respectively. Results from scratch test showed that SONEL had better proliferation effect in comparison with negative control. Treated animals with SONEL showed significant reduction in period of epithelialization, wound contraction, and number of inflammatory cells among all groups. Also, SONEL-treated group had the greatest collagen synthesis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed high intensity of CD31 and TGF-β at wound site of treatment groups with SONEL on day 12 post-treatment (P < 0.05). Skin irritation test demonstrated safety of SONEL gel for skin topical application. In conclusion, our studies suggest that SONEL could be an effective formulation for treatment of diabetic wound infection by controlling infection and improving the healing process. Graphical Abstract .
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Advances in the Research of Bioinks Based on Natural Collagen, Polysaccharide and Their Derivatives for Skin 3D Bioprinting. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061237. [PMID: 32485901 PMCID: PMC7362214 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin plays an important role in protecting the human body, and wound healing must be set in motion immediately following injury or trauma to restore the normal structure and function of skin. The extracellular matrix component of the skin mainly consists of collagen, glycosaminoglycan (GAG), elastin and hyaluronic acid (HA). Recently, natural collagen, polysaccharide and their derivatives such as collagen, gelatin, alginate, chitosan and pectin have been selected as the matrix materials of bioink to construct a functional artificial skin due to their biocompatible and biodegradable properties by 3D bioprinting, which is a revolutionary technology with the potential to transform both research and medical therapeutics. In this review, we outline the current skin bioprinting technologies and the bioink components for skin bioprinting. We also summarize the bioink products practiced in research recently and current challenges to guide future research to develop in a promising direction. While there are challenges regarding currently available skin bioprinting, addressing these issues will facilitate the rapid advancement of 3D skin bioprinting and its ability to mimic the native anatomy and physiology of skin and surrounding tissues in the future.
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Coltelli MB, Panariello L, Morganti P, Danti S, Baroni A, Lazzeri A, Fusco A, Donnarumma G. Skin-Compatible Biobased Beauty Masks Prepared by Extrusion. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:jfb11020023. [PMID: 32268483 PMCID: PMC7353523 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the cosmetic sector, natural and sustainable products with a high compatibility with skin, thus conjugating wellness with a green-oriented consumerism, are required by the market. Poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA)/starch blends represent a promising alternative to prepare flexible films as support for innovative beauty masks, wearable after wetting and releasing starch and other selected molecules. Nevertheless, preparing these films by extrusion is difficult due to the high viscosity of the polymer melt at the temperature suitable for processing starch. The preparation of blends including poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) or poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) was investigated as a strategy to better modulate melt viscosity in view of a possible industrial production of beauty mask films. The release properties of films in water, connected to their morphology, was also investigated by extraction trials, infrared spectroscopy and stereo and electron microscopy. Then, the biocompatibility with cells was assessed by considering both mesenchymal stromal cells and keratinocytes. All the results were discussed considering the morphology of the films. This study evidenced the possibility of modulating thanks to the selection of composition and the materials processing of the properties necessary for producing films with tailored properties and processability for beauty masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Beatrice Coltelli
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.P.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (A.F.)
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.-B.C.); (G.D.); Tel.: +39-050-2217856 (M.-B.C.)
| | - Luca Panariello
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.P.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (A.F.)
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Pierfrancesco Morganti
- Academy of History of Health Care Art, 00193 Rome, Italy;
- Dermatology Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Serena Danti
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Adone Baroni
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.P.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (A.F.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Lazzeri
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.P.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (A.F.)
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Fusco
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.P.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (A.F.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Donnarumma
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), 50121 Florence, Italy; (L.P.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (A.F.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.-B.C.); (G.D.); Tel.: +39-050-2217856 (M.-B.C.)
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Zhong Z, Huang Y, Hu Q, He W, Duan B, Yan X, Yang Z, Liang W, Liu Z, Peng Z, Wang Y, Zhang L, Ye Q. Elucidation of molecular pathways responsible for the accelerated wound healing induced by a novel fibrous chitin dressing. Biomater Sci 2020; 7:5247-5257. [PMID: 31602445 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00404a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrous chitin dressing (FCD) prepared from a NaOH-urea aqueous solution of chitin via a physical process was used to study its effect on wound healing using a full-thickness cutaneous wound model in rats and mice. It was demonstrated that wounds in rats covered with the FCD showed faster collagen (especially type I collagen) growth and speedier healing than those with Gauze (12 days versus 16 days). The ability of FCD to promote wound healing was also observed on wild-type (WT) mice. For MyD88-knockout mice, however, FCD displayed no beneficial but an adverse effect on wound healing: the healing time for wounds treated with FCD was even longer than those treated with gauze. Importantly, in vivo studies indicated that FCD-treated mice, compared to gauze-treated ones, exhibited markedly higher expressions of MyD88, IKBα, TGF-β, P-TβR II, TβR II and P-Smad2/3 in wild-type mice. For MyD88 knockout mice, however, the expressions of those molecules were inhibited and lowered in FCD-treated ones than those treated with gauze. In vitro studies confirmed that chitin increased the expression of TGF-β, P-TβRII and P-Smad2/3 while the expressions of those molecules were significantly inhibited with CD14 antibody (p < 0.05). These results indicated that FCD accelerated wound healing through a MyD88-dependent pathway, followed by a TGF-β/Smad pathway. This work not only demonstrated the superior wound healing effect of chitin-derived dressing, but also provided for the first time the underlying molecular mechanism, further establishing chitin as an important biomedical material for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibiao Zhong
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of, Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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TGF-β1 induces VEGF expression in human granulosa-lutein cells: a potential mechanism for the pathogenesis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:450-460. [PMID: 32152452 PMCID: PMC7156760 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most serious and iatrogenic complications that can occur during in vitro fertilization treatment. Although the pathogenesis of OHSS is not fully understood, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been recognized as an important mediator of the development of OHSS. Transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-β1) is known to regulate various ovarian functions. However, whether VEGF can be regulated by TGF-β1 in human granulosa cells has not been determined. In addition, the role of TGF-β1 in the pathogenesis of OHSS remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that TGF-β1 stimulates VEGF expression in and secretion from both immortalized human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells and primary hGL cells. Our results demonstrate that the SMAD2/3, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways are involved in TGF-β1-induced VEGF expression and secretion. Using a mouse OHSS model, we show that the expression levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF are increased in the ovaries of OHSS mice. Blocking TGF-β1 signaling inhibits the development of OHSS by attenuating VEGF expression. Moreover, clinical results reveal that the protein levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF are increased in the follicular fluid of patients with OHSS, and that the levels of these two proteins in the follicular fluid are positively correlated. The results of this study help to elucidate the mechanisms by which VEGF expression is regulated in hGL cells, which could lead to the development of alternative therapeutic approaches for treating OHSS. Insights into abnormal protein activity involved in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) could inform future therapies. OHSS is a serious complication of fertility treatment where the body responds excessively to medication taken to help eggs grow, causing blood clots, pain, and even death. Scientists believe that high levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein trigger OHSS. Another protein involved in cell proliferation,transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), may influence VEGF activity. Ying-Pu Sun and Jung-Chien Cheng at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China, and co-workers conducted experiments on human cell lines and OHSS mouse models. They found that TGF-β1 stimulates VEGF expression in human cells, and identified the associated signaling pathways. Both TGF-β1 and VEGF were increased in the ovaries of mice with OHSS, while blocking TGF-β1 halted OHSS progression.
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Abstract
Injury typically results in the development of neuropathic pain, but the pain normally decreases and disappears in paralleled with wound healing. The pain results from cells resident at, and recruited to, the injury site releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and other mediators leading to the development of pro-inflammatory environment and causing nociceptive neurons to develop chronic ectopic electrical activity, which underlies neuropathic pain. The pain decreases as some of the cells that induce pro-inflammation, changing their phenotype leading to the blocking the release of pro-inflammatory mediators while releasing anti-inflammatory mediators, and blocking nociceptive neuron chronic spontaneous electrical activity. Often, despite apparent wound healing, the neuropathic pain becomes chronic. This raises the question of how chronic pain can be eliminated. While many of the cells and mediators contributing to the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain are known, a better understanding is required of how the injury site environment can be controlled to permanently eliminate the pro-inflammatory environment and silence the chronically electrically active nociceptive neurons. This paper examines how methods that can promote the transition of the pro-inflammatory injury site to an anti-inflammatory state, by changing the composition of local cell types, modifying the activity of pro- and anti-inflammatory receptors, inducing the release of anti-inflammatory mediators, and silencing the chronically electrically active nociceptive neurons. It also examines the hypothesis that factors released from platelet-rich plasma applied to chronic pain sites can permanently eliminate chronic inflammation and its associated chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien P Kuffler
- Institute of Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, 201 Blvd. del Valle, San Juan, PR, 00901, USA.
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Kuffler DP. Injury-Induced Effectors of Neuropathic Pain. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:51-66. [PMID: 31701439 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Injuries typically result in the development of neuropathic pain, which decreases in parallel with wound healing. However, the pain may remain after the injury appears to have healed, which is generally associated with an ongoing underlying pro-inflammatory state. Injury induces many cells to release factors that contribute to the development of a pro-inflammatory state, which is considered an essential first step towards wound healing. However, pain elimination requires a transition of the injury site from pro- to anti-inflammatory. Therefore, developing techniques that eliminate chronic pain require an understanding of the cells resident at and recruited to injury sites, the factors they release, that promote a pro-inflammatory state, and promote the subsequent transition of that site to be anti-inflammatory. Although a relatively large number of cells, factors, and gene expression changes are involved in these processes, it may be possible to control a relatively small number of them leading to the reduction and elimination of chronic neuropathic pain. This first of two papers examines the roles of the most salient cells and mediators associated with the development and maintenance of chronic neuropathic pain. The following paper examines the cells and mediators involved in reducing and eliminating chronic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien P Kuffler
- Institute of Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, 201 Blvd. del Valle, San Juan, PR, 00901, USA.
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Hu C, Li D, Pang Z, Li H, Dongye Y, Wu J. [Effect of vacuum sealing drainage on expressions of transforming growth factor β 1 and its receptor in diabetic foot wound]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:1061-1065. [PMID: 30238736 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201802024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the changes of transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF- β 1) and type Ⅱ of TGF-β-receptor (TβRⅡ) expressions in wound tissue after the treatment of diabetic foot with vaccum sealing drainage (VSD), and to analyze the mechanism of accelerating wound healing. Methods Between May 2012 and May 2016, 80 patients with diabetic foot were randomly divided into 2 groups, 40 cases in each group. After the same basic treatment, the wounds of VSD group and control group were treated with VSD and external dressing, respectively. There was no significant difference in gender, age, disease duration, body mass, foot ulcer area, and Wagner grade between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The time of foundation preparation and hospitalization stay of 2 groups were recorded. The wound tissue was collected before treatment and at 7 days after treatment, and the positive indexes of TGF-β 1 and TβRⅡexpressions were measured by immunohistochemical staining. Results Before skin grafting, the patients in VSD group were treated with VSD for 1 to 3 times (mean, 2 times), and the patients in control group were treated with dressing change for 1 to 6 times (mean, 4 times). The time of foundation preparation and hospitalization stay in VSD group were significantly shorter than those in control group ( t=-13.546, P=0.036; t=-12.831, P=0.041). The skin grafts of both groups survived smoothly and the wound healed well. Before treatment, immunohistochemical staining results showed that the positive indexes of TGF-β 1 and TβRⅡ expressions in VSD group were 5.3±2.4 and 14.0±2.6, while those in control group were 4.4±2.3 and 14.7±3.1, respectively. There was no significant difference between 2 groups ( t=1.137, P=0.263; t=1.231, P=0.409). At 7 days after treatment, the positive indexes of TGF-β 1 and TβRⅡ expressions in VSD group were 34.3±2.9 and 41.7±3.7, respectively, and those in control group were 5.8±2.0 and 18.1±2.5. There were significant differences between 2 groups ( t=-35.615, P=0.003; t=23.725, P=0.002). Conclusion VSD can increase the expressions of TGF-β 1 and TβRⅡ in diabetic ulcer tissue, promote granulation tissue growth, and accelerate wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Hu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang Shandong, 261000, P.R.China;The Second Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi Shandong, 276000, P.R.China
| | - Dongyu Li
- College of Agricultural and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Zongchao Pang
- The First Department of Surgery, Linyi Lanshan District Hospital, Linyi Shandong, 276000, P.R.China
| | - Huibin Li
- The Second Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi Shandong, 276000,
| | - Yuhui Dongye
- College of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang Shandong, 261000, P.R.China;The Second Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi Shandong, 276000, P.R.China
| | - Jiani Wu
- The Second Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi Shandong, 276000, P.R.China
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Mendes BB, Gómez-Florit M, Babo PS, Domingues RM, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Blood derivatives awaken in regenerative medicine strategies to modulate wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:376-393. [PMID: 29288732 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood components play key roles in the modulation of the wound healing process and, together with the provisional fibrin matrix ability to selectively bind bioactive molecules and control its spatial-temporal presentation, define the complex microenvironment that characterize this biological process. As a biomimetic approach, the use of blood derivatives in regenerative strategies has awakened as a source of multiple therapeutic biomolecules. Nevertheless, and despite their clinical relevance, blood derivatives have been showing inconsistent therapeutic results due to several factors, including proper control over their delivery mechanisms. Herein, we highlight recent trends on the use biomaterials to protect, sequester and deliver these pools of biomolecules in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches. Particular emphasis is given to strategies that enable to control their spatiotemporal delivery and improve the selectivity of presentation profiles of the biomolecules derived from blood derivatives rich in platelets. Finally, we discussed possible directions for biomaterials design to potentiate the aimed regenerative effects of blood derivatives and achieve efficient therapies.
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Laser photobiomodulation in pressure ulcer healing of human diabetic patients: gene expression analysis of inflammatory biochemical markers. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:165-171. [PMID: 29181642 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pressure ulcers (PU) are wounds located mainly on bone surfaces where the tissue under pressure suffers ischemia leading to cellular lesion and necrosis , its causes and the healing process depend on several factors. The aim of this study was evaluating the gene expression of inflammatory/reparative factors: IL6, TNF, VEGF, and TGF, which take part in the tissue healing process under effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT). In order to perform lesion area analysis, PUs were photographed and computer analyzed. Biochemical analysis was performed sa.mpling ulcer border tissue obtained through biopsy before and after laser therapy and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. The study comprised eight individuals, mean age sixty-two years old, and sacroiliac and calcaneous PU, classified as degree III and IV according to the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP). PUs were irradiated with low-level laser (InGaAIP, 100 mW, 660 nm), energy density 2 J/cm2, once a day, with intervals of 24 h, totaling 12 applications. The lesion area analysis revealed averaged improvement of the granulation tissue size up to 50% from pre- to post-treatment. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that IL6 values were not significantly different before and after treatment, TNF gene expression was reduced, and VEFG and TGF-β gene expression increased after treatment. After LLLT, wounds presented improvement in gross appearance, with increase in factors VEFG and TGF-β, and reduction of TNF; despite our promising results, they have to be analyzed carefully as this study did not have a control group.
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Shefa AA, Amirian J, Kang HJ, Bae SH, Jung HI, Choi HJ, Lee SY, Lee BT. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of effectiveness of a novel TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber-silk fibroin scaffold in wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:284-296. [PMID: 28962770 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN)-silk fibroin scaffold was prepared using a cost effective freeze drying method. Fundamental physical characterizations were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pore diameter determination, FT-IR. PBS uptake behavior of the scaffold showed that, silk fibroin can enhance the swelling capacity of TOCN. L929 primary fibroblast cell was selected for in vitro studies, which showed that the scaffolds facilitated growth of cells. In vivo evaluation of TOCN, TOCN-silk fibroin composites was examined using critical sized rat skin excisional model for one and two weeks. The results of rat wound model revealed that, compared to only TOCN scaffold, TOCN-silk fibroin scaffold successfully promoted wound healing by the expression of wound healing markers. TOCN-silk fibroin 2% has the fastest wound healing capacity. Thus, it appears that TOCN-silk fibroin composite scaffolds can be useful as wound healing material in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anha Afrin Shefa
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University 366-1, Ssangyong-dong, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea
| | - Jhaleh Amirian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University 366-1, Ssangyong-dong, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoe Jin Kang
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University 366-1, Ssangyong-dong, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Bae
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Il Jung
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Jun Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Lee
- Division of Environmental Material Engineering, Department of Forest Products, Korea Forest Research Institute, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University 366-1, Ssangyong-dong, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University 366-1, Ssangyong-dong, Cheonan-City, ChungCheongNam-Do 330-090, Republic of Korea.
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Núñez-Gómez E, Pericacho M, Ollauri-Ibáñez C, Bernabéu C, López-Novoa JM. The role of endoglin in post-ischemic revascularization. Angiogenesis 2016; 20:1-24. [PMID: 27943030 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Following arterial occlusion, blood vessels respond by forming a new network of functional capillaries (angiogenesis), by reorganizing preexisting capillaries through the recruitment of smooth muscle cells to generate new arteries (arteriogenesis) and by growing and remodeling preexisting collateral arterioles into physiologically relevant arteries (collateral development). All these processes result in the recovery of organ perfusion. The importance of endoglin in post-occlusion reperfusion is sustained by several observations: (1) endoglin expression is increased in vessels showing active angiogenesis/remodeling; (2) genetic endoglin haploinsufficiency in humans causes deficient angiogenesis; and (3) the reduction of endoglin expression by gene disruption or the administration of endoglin-neutralizing antibodies reduces angiogenesis and revascularization. However, the precise role of endoglin in the several processes associated with revascularization has not been completely elucidated and, in some cases, the function ascribed to endoglin by different authors is controversial. The purpose of this review is to organize in a critical way the information available for the role of endoglin in several phenomena (angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and collateral development) associated with post-ischemic revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Núñez-Gómez
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Pericacho
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Claudia Ollauri-Ibáñez
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmelo Bernabéu
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Spanish National Research Council (CIB, CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M López-Novoa
- Renal and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
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Derkacz A, Protasiewicz M, Rola P, Podgorska K, Szymczyszyn A, Gutherc R, Poręba R, Doroszko A. Effects of intravascular low-level laser therapy during coronary intervention on selected growth factors levels. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 32:582-7. [PMID: 25302462 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravascular low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on selected growth factor levels in subjects undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). BACKGROUND DATA Restenosis remains the main problem with the long-term efficacy of PCI, and growth factors are postulated to play a crucial role in the restenosis cascade. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a randomized prospective study, an 808 nm LLLT (100 mW/cm2, continuous wave laser, 9 J/cm2, illuminated area 1.6-2.5 cm2) was delivered intracoronarily to patients during PCI. Fifty-two patients underwent irradiation with laser light, and 49 constituted the control group. In all individuals, serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) were measured before angioplasty, then 6 and 12 h and 1 month after the procedure. In all patients, a control angiography was performed 6 months later. RESULTS There were no significant differences in IGF-1 and VEGF levels between the groups. While evaluating FGF-2, we observed its significantly lower levels in the irradiated patients during each examination. There was a significant increase in TGF-β1 level in control group after 12 h of observation. In the irradiated individuals, control angiography revealed smaller late lumen loss and smaller late lumen loss index as compared with the control group. The restenosis rate was 15.0% in the treated group, and 32.4% in the control group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS LLLT decreases levels of TGF-β1 and FGF-2 in patients undergoing coronary intervention, which may explain smaller neointima formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Derkacz
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw, Poland
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An Y, wei W, Jing H, Ming L, Liu S, Jin Y. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell aggregate: an optimal cell therapy for full-layer cutaneous wound vascularization and regeneration. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17036. [PMID: 26594024 PMCID: PMC4655471 DOI: 10.1038/srep17036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wounds are among the most common soft tissue injuries. Wounds involving dermis suffer more from outside influence and higher risk of chronic inflammation. Therefore the appearance and function restoration has become an imperative in tissue engineering research. In this study, cell-aggregates constructed with green fluorescent protein-expressing (GFP+) rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were applied to rat acute full-layer cutaneous wound model to confirm its pro-regeneration ability and compare its regenerative efficacy with the currently thriving subcutaneous and intravenous stem cell administration strategy, with a view to sensing the advantages, disadvantages and the mechanism behind. According to results, cell-aggregates cultured in vitro enjoyed higher expression of several pro-healing genes than adherent cultured cells. Animal experiments showed better vascularization along with more regular dermal collagen deposition for cell-aggregate transplanted models. Immunofluorescence staining on inflammatory cells indicated a shorter inflammatory phase for cell-aggregate group, which was backed up by further RT-PCR. The in situ immunofluorescence staining manifested a higher GFP+-cell engraftment for cell-aggregate transplanted models versus cell administered ones. Thus it is safe to say the BMMSCs aggregate could bring superior cutaneous regeneration for full layer cutaneous wound to BMMSCs administration, both intravenous and subcutaneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center of Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Zhen Jiang Entry-Exit Inspection And Quarantine Bureau, No. 84 Dongwu Road, Zhen Jiang, Jiang Su 212000, China
| | - Wei wei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center of Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Huan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center of Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Leiguo Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center of Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center of Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center of Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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20
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A novel cell-containing device for regenerative medicine: biodegradable nonwoven filters with peripheral blood cells promote wound healing. J Artif Organs 2015; 18:315-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10047-015-0845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Kim JH, Sun W, Han DW, Moon HJ, Lee J. iNSC suppress macrophage-induced inflammation by repressing COX-2. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 51:157-64. [PMID: 25248435 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9816-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Brain inflammation causes cell damage and death in diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In this study, we investigated whether early induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) could protect against cell death after treatment with THP1-derived macrophages. We developed an inflammatory model system with THP1-derived macrophages and cortical neuronal cells and investigated the therapeutic efficacy of iNSC against macrophage-induced inflammation in this model. Apoptosis was confirmed by double immunocytochemistry with NeuN and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated digoxigenin-dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling. Cortical neuronal cells cultured with iNSCs exhibited fewer apoptotic cells than did cultures without iNSCs. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cells cultured with iNSCs had lower levels of inflammatory cytokines and higher VEGF levels than those cultured without iNSCs. Western blot analysis for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) showed a significantly lower level of COX-2 in cells cultured with iNSCs than in those cultured without iNSCs. Thus, early iNSCs administration reduced inflammation associated with neurological recovery, and this effect is mediated by COX-2 regulation. Our results suggest that iNSCs have potential therapeutic relevance, because they display strong anti-inflammatory functions that promote neuroprotection thorough the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Yuan Z, Zhao J, Yang Z, Li B, Yang H, Cui W, Zheng Q. Synergistic Effect of Regeneration and Inflammation via Ibuprofen-Loaded Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds for Repairing Skeletal Muscle. EUR J INFLAMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1401200105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle regeneration involves serial steps among which inflammation in the wounded area is critical for the healing process. However, accelerated tissue regeneration and the inhibition of excessive inflammation are always the targets of tissue engineering, because excessive inflammation in the early stage can impede the regeneration in the following step. In this study, a feasible ibuprofen-loaded poly (L-lactide) (PLLA) fibrous scaffold was designed to evaluate the ability of preventing excessive inflammatory response and promoting regeneration using 35 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The cytotoxicity assay of PLLA and ibuprofen-loaded PLLA fibrous scaffolds (IBU/PLLA) showed that there were no significant cell cytotoxicity on L6 cells. The histological results showed that the IBU/PLLA group had slighter inflammation than PLLA and control groups during the whole process. In the later stage, the regeneration process of the IBU/PLLA group took place on the 7th day, which was almost more than one week earlier than the PLLA and control groups. qRT-PCR analysis further displayed that the IBU/PLLA group had a lower level of inflammatory factors and higher expression of repair factors than the PLLA and control groups, especially from the 7th day, and lasted until the 21st day. Furthermore, there were no statistical differences between the PLLA group and the control group from histological results and qRT-PCR analysis. Taken together, through the muscle wound healing process, the results demonstrated that the ibuprofen-loaded PLLA fibrous scaffolds had better control of excessive inflammation and faster process of healing than non-ibuprofen-loaded groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J. Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z. Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - B. Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - H. Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - W. Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Q. Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mac Cornick S, de Noronha SAAC, Chominski V, de Noronha SMR, Ferreira LM, Gragnani A. Clinical Use of Growth Factors in the Improvement of Skin Wound Healing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojcd.2014.44032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Palma G, Barbieri A, Bimonte S, Palla M, Zappavigna S, Caraglia M, Ascierto PA, Ciliberto G, Arra C. Interleukin 18: friend or foe in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2013; 1836:296-303. [PMID: 24120852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, the field of tumor immunology has significantly expanded and its boundaries, never particularly clear, have become less distinct. Although the immune system plays an important role in controlling tumor growth, it has also become clear that tumor growth can be promoted by inflammatory immune responses. A good example that exemplifies the ambiguous role of the immune system in cancer progression is represented by interleukin 18 (IL-18) that was first identified as an interferon-γ-inducing factor (IGIF) involved in T helper type-1 (Th1) immune response. The expression and secretion of IL-18 have been observed in various cell types from immune cells to circulating cancer cells. In this review we highlighted the multiple roles played by IL-18 in immune regulation, cancer progression and angiogenesis and the clinical potential that may result from such understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Palma
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale" - IRCCS, Italy; Istituto Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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25
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The role of transforming growth factor β1 in fractional laser resurfacing with a carbon dioxide laser. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:681-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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TGF-Beta suppresses VEGFA-mediated angiogenesis in colon cancer metastasis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59918. [PMID: 23536895 PMCID: PMC3607554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The FET cell line, derived from an early stage colon carcinoma, is non-tumorigenic in athymic nude mice. Engineered FET cells that express TGF-α (FETα) display constitutively active EGFR/ErbB signaling. These cells readily formed xenograft tumors in athymic nude mice. Importantly, FETα cells retained their response to TGF-beta-mediated growth inhibition, and, like the parental FET cells, expression of a dominant negative TGF-beta type II receptor (DNRII) in FETα cells (FETα/DNRII) abrogated responsiveness to TGF-beta-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis under stress conditions in vitro and increased metastatic potential in an orthotopic model in vivo, which indicates metastasis suppressor activity of TGF-beta signaling in this model. Cancer angiogenesis is widely regarded as a key attribute for tumor formation and progression. Here we show that TGF-beta signaling inhibits expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and that loss of autocrine TGF-beta in FETα/DNRII cells resulted in increased expression of VEGFA. Regulation of VEGFA expression by TGF-beta is not at the transcriptional level but at the post-transcriptional level. Our results indicate that TGF-beta decreases VEGFA protein stability through ubiquitination and degradation in a PKA- and Smad3-dependent and Smad2-independent pathway. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of orthotopic tumors showed significantly reduced TGF-beta signaling, increased CD31 and VEGFA staining in tumors of FETα/DNRII cells as compared to those of vector control cells. These results indicate that inhibition of TGF-beta signaling increases VEGFA expression and angiogenesis, which could potentially contribute to enhanced metastasis of those cells in vivo. IHC studies performed on human colon adenocarcinoma specimens showed that TGF-beta signaling is inversely correlated with VEGFA expression, indicating that TGF-beta-mediated suppression of VEGFA expression exists in colon cancer patients.
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Chen CY, Cheng KC, Chang AY, Lin YT, Hseu YC, Wang HM. 10-Shogaol, an antioxidant from Zingiber officinale for skin cell proliferation and migration enhancer. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:1762-1777. [PMID: 22408422 PMCID: PMC3291991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13021762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, one of Zingiber officinale components, 10-shogaol, was tested with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, metal chelating ability, and reducing power to show antioxidant activity. 10-Shogaol promoted human normal epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts cell growths. 10-Shogaol enhanced growth factor production in transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), platelet derived growth factor-αβ (PDGF-αβ) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) of both cells. In the in vitro wound healing assay for 12 or 24 h, with 10-shogaol, the fibroblasts and keratinocytes migrated more rapidly than the vehicle control group. Thus, this study substantiates the target compound, 10-shogaol, as an antioxidant for human skin cell growth and a migration enhancer with potential to be a novel wound repair agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, 151, Ching-Hsueh Road, Ta-Liao District, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Kuo-Chen Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Centre, Tainan 710, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Department of Safety Health and Environment, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 717, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Andy Y Chang
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA E-Mail:
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, San-Ming District, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ting Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, San-Ming District, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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29
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Han G, Nguyen LN, Macherla C, Chi Y, Friedman JM, Nosanchuk JD, Martinez LR. Nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticles accelerate wound healing by promoting fibroblast migration and collagen deposition. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1465-73. [PMID: 22306734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that involves coordinated interactions between diverse immunological and biological systems. Long-term wounds remain a challenging clinical problem, affecting approximately 6 million patients per year, with a high economic impact. To exacerbate the problem, these wounds render the individual susceptible to life-threatening microbial infections. Because current therapeutic strategies have proved suboptimal, it is imperative to focus on new therapeutic approaches and the development of technologies for both short- and long-term wound management. In recent years, nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a critical molecule in wound healing, with NO levels increasing rapidly after skin damage and gradually decreasing as the healing process progresses. In this study, we examined the effects of a novel NO-releasing nanoparticle technology on wound healing in mice. The results show that the NO nanoparticles (NO-np) significantly accelerated wound healing. NO-np modified leukocyte migration and increased tumor growth factor-β production in the wound area, which subsequently promoted angiogenesis to enhance the healing process. By using human dermal fibroblasts, we demonstrate that NO-np increased fibroblast migration and collagen deposition in wounded tissue. Together, these data show that NO-releasing nanoparticles have the ability to modulate and accelerate wound healing in a pleiotropic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Han
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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30
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Sun H, Wang X, Hu X, Yu W, You C, Hu H, Han C. Promotion of angiogenesis by sustained release of rhGM-CSF from heparinized collagen/chitosan scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 100:788-98. [PMID: 22190418 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel dermal substitute of combining recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) with a porous heparinized collagen/chitosan scaffolds was developed, considering the inadequate angiogenesis during repair of full-thickness skin defects. The physicochemical properties of heparinized collagen/chitosan scaffolds were examined and in vitro release pattern of rhGM-CSF from scaffolds was measured by ELISA. Four groups of composite scaffolds (heparinized or unheparinized scaffolds loaded with or without rhGM-CSF) were fabricated for subcutaneous implantation in young adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Tissue specimens were harvested at different time points after implantation for histopathological, immunohistochemical observation, and Western blotting analysis. The heparinized scaffolds (H(1)E) showed slower biodegradation and sustained release of rhGM-CSF in vitro, although no significantly different release pattern was observed between the H(1)E and unheparinized scaffolds (H(0)E). In vivo investigation revealed that the heparinized scaffolds loaded with rhGM-CSF (H(1)E/rhGM-CSF) had the best cellular adhesion and migration, new vessel formation, and highest expression of VEGF and TGF-β1, indicating promoted angiogenesis. This study demonstrated that composite dermal substitute of combining rhGM-CSF with a porous heparinized collagen/chitosan scaffolds could be a potential therapeutic agent for full-thickness skin defects because of its sustained delivery of rhGM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Sun
- Department of Burns, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Caiado F, Carvalho T, Silva F, Castro C, Clode N, Dye JF, Dias S. The role of fibrin E on the modulation of endothelial progenitors adhesion, differentiation and angiogenic growth factor production and the promotion of wound healing. Biomaterials 2011; 32:7096-105. [PMID: 21741704 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Severe skin loss constitutes a major unsolved clinical problem worldwide. For this reason, in the last decades there has been a major push towards the development of novel therapeutic approaches to enhance skin wound healing. Neo-vessel formation through angiogenesis is a critical step during the wound healing process. Besides the contribution of pre-existing endothelial cells (EC), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have also been implicated in wound healing acting either by differentiating into EC that incorporate the neo-vessels, or via the production of paracrine factors that improve angiogenesis. Here we tested the importance of different extracellular matrices (ECM) in regulating the angiogenic and wound healing potential of cord blood-derived EPC (CB-EPC). We compared the properties of several ECM and particularly of fibrin fragment E (FbnE) in regulating EPC adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and healing-promotion in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that CB-EPCs have increased adhesion and endothelial differentiation when plated on FbnE compared to collagens, fibronectin or fibrin. Using integrin neutralizing antibodies, we show that CB-EPC adhesion to FbnE is mediated by integrin α5β1. Gene expression analysis of CB-EPCs plated on different substrates revealed that CB-EPC grown on FbnE shows increased expression of paracrine factors such as VEGF-A, TGF-β1, SDF-1, IL-8 and MIP-1α. Accordingly, conditioned media from CB-EPC grown on FbnE induced EC tube formation and monocyte migration in vitro. To test the wound healing effects of FbnE in vivo we used an FbnE enriched scaffold in a cutaneous wound healing mouse model. In accordance with our in vitro data, co-administration of the FbnE enriched scaffold with CB-EPC significantly accelerated wound closure and wound vascularization, compared FbnE enriched scaffold alone or to using collagen-based scaffolds. Our results show that FbnE modulates several CB-EPC properties in vivo and in vitro, and as such promotes wound healing. We suggest the use of FbnE-based scaffolds represents a promising approach to resolve wound healing complications arising from different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Caiado
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, CIPM, Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
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32
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33
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Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Martins MD, Silva JA, da Silva TD, Piovesan RF, Pavesi VCS, Bussadori SK, Fernandes KPS. Effects of low-level laser therapy on expression of TNF-α and TGF-β in skeletal muscle during the repair process. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 26:335-40. [PMID: 21053039 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0850-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the expression of TNF-α and TGF-β in the tibialis anterior muscle of rats following cryoinjury. Muscle regeneration involves cell proliferation, migration and differentiation and is regulated by growth factors and cytokines. A growing body of evidence suggests that LLLT promotes skeletal muscle regeneration by reducing the duration of acute inflammation and accelerating tissue repair. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 35) were randomly divided into three groups: control group (no lesion, untreated, n = 5), cryoinjury without LLLT group (n = 15), and cryoinjury with LLLT group (n = 15). The injured region was irradiated three times a week using an AlGaInP laser (660 nm; beam spot 0.04 cm(2), output power 20 mW, power density 500 mW/cm(2), energy density 5 J/cm(2), exposure time 10 s). Muscle remodeling was evaluated at 1, 7 and 14 days (long-term) following injury. The muscles were removed and total RNA was isolated using TRIzol reagent and cDNA synthesis. Real-time polymerase chain reactions were performed using TNF-α and TGF-β primers; GAPDH was used to normalize the data. LLLT caused a decrease in TNF-α mRNA expression at 1 and 7 days following injury and in TGF-β mRNA expression at 7 days following cryoinjury in comparison to the control group. LLLT modulated cytokine expression during short-term muscle remodeling, inducing a decrease in TNF-α and TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Departamento de Pós Graduação, Mestrado em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, Av. Francisco Matarazzo, 612, Água Branca, CEP 05001-100, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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34
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Yoon BS, Moon JH, Jun EK, Kim J, Maeng I, Kim JS, Lee JH, Baik CS, Kim A, Cho KS, Lee JH, Lee HH, Whang KY, You S. Secretory profiles and wound healing effects of human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:887-902. [PMID: 19686050 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that amniotic fluid (AF) contains multiple cell types derived from the developing fetus, and may represent a novel source of stem cells for cell therapy. In this study, we examined the paracrine factors released by human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) and their ability to accelerate the wound-healing process by stimulating proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts. AF-MSCs expressed the typical MSC marker proteins CD13, CD29, and CD44 and differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes when exposed to the appropriate differentiation media. In addition, AF-MSC-conditioned media (AF-MSC-CM) significantly enhanced proliferation of dermal fibroblasts. Antibody-based protein array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) indicated that AF-MSC-CM contains various cytokines and chemokines that are known to be important in normal wound healing, including IL-8, IL-6, TGF-beta, TNFRI, VEGF, and EGF. Application of AF-MSC-CM significantly enhanced wound healing by dermal fibroblasts via the TGF-beta/SMAD2 pathway. Levels of p-SMAD2 were increased by AF-MSC-CM, and both the increase in p-SMAD2 and migration of dermal fibroblasts were blocked by inhibiting the TGF-beta/SMAD2 pathway. Moreover, in a mouse excisional wound model, AF-MSC-CM accelerated wound healing. These data provide the first evidence of the potential for AF-MSC-CM in the treatment of skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Sun Yoon
- Laboratory of Cell Function Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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35
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Smith SE, Roukis TS. Bone and wound healing augmentation with platelet-rich plasma. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2009; 26:559-88. [PMID: 19778689 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpm.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, autologous platelets that have been sequestered, concentrated, and mixed with thrombin to generate growth factor-concentrated platelet-rich plasma for application to bone and wounds to aide healing have been a subject of great interest. This article reviews the literature related to the use of autologous platelet-rich plasma in bone and wound healing, and reviews the processes necessary to secure a high concentration of viable platelets. Although not yet definitive, autologous platelet-rich plasma has been shown to be safe, reproducible, and effective in mimicking the natural process of bone and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon E Smith
- Australasian College of Podiatric Surgeons, Australia.
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36
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Mazlyzam AL, Aminuddin BS, Saim L, Ruszymah BHI. Human Serum Is an Advantageous Supplement for Human Dermal Fibroblast Expansion: Clinical Implications for Tissue Engineering of Skin. Arch Med Res 2008; 39:743-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Barrientos S, Stojadinovic O, Golinko MS, Brem H, Tomic-Canic M. PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE: Growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2008; 16:585-601. [PMID: 19128254 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2008.00410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2394] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Barrientos
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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38
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Mao H, Liu Q, Zhang J, Gu H, Wang L, Zhou X, Yin H, Zhang L, Xie F, Jiang G. Effects of specific antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of Fas expression on T cell apoptosis induced by Fas ligand. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:1714-22. [PMID: 17996681 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 08/21/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) inhibition of Fas expression on T cell apoptosis induced by hepatocarcinoma cells. Fas receptor (Fas) and Fas ligand (FasL) expressed by the hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2.2.15 and Jurkat T cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and the ability of FasL-inducing T cell apoptosis was tested by co-culture assay in vitro with HepG2.2.15 cells and Jurkat T cells. The Jurkat cells were transfected with Fas-ASODN using lipofectin, and the effects of Fas-ASODN on Fas mRNA level, Fas expression on T cells surface, and apoptosis were investigated by RT-PCR, FCM and co-culture assay, respectively. It was found that HepG2.2.15 cells expressing functional FasL could induce the apoptosis of Jurkat cells as demonstrated by co-culture assays. After the Jurkat cells were transfected with Fas ASODN, the level of Fas mRNA, the expression rate of Fas and the apoptotic rate induced by hepatocarcinoma cells were all decreased. As a conclusion, it is evident that hepatocarcinoma cells expressing FasL can induce apoptosis in Fas-expressing T cells, indicating that transfection of Fas ASODN can partially convert the immune inhibitory condition induced by hepatocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiting Mao
- Institute of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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