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Mathew L, Schmolze M, Carter KV. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Newborn Infants: A Scoping Review. Adv Neonatal Care 2024; 24:268-276. [PMID: 38629868 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000001147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of mothers may increase the risk of complications and adverse birth outcomes among newborn infants born more than 37 weeks' gestation. PURPOSE The aim of this scoping review is to identify the research gaps in the literature on SARS-CoV-2 positive newborn infants born at more than 37 weeks' gestation in United States (U.S.). DATA SOURCES A search for relevant articles was conducted using multiple resources including three databases CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science. This scoping review included case reports, case series, cohort, and retrospective studies focusing on newborn infants born more than 37 weeks of gestation with SARS-CoV-2 infection. STUDY SELECTION A total of 4262 citations were screened, and 12 articles met the eligibility criteria. DATA EXTRACTION Two authors independently screened the articles using a multi-step approach. RESULTS This review identified the gaps in literature on newborn infants up to one month of age. Few studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 positive newborn infants born more than 37 gestational weeks. This review demonstrates a higher prevalence of community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infections among infants following discharge. IMPLICATIONS OF PRACTICE AND RESEARCH Few U.S. based studies have focused on newborn infants born more than 37 weeks' gestation with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Future follow-up studies are essential on these infants especially during the first 30 days of life. Discharge teaching on SARS-CoV-2 infection is vital in reducing community transmission, admissions, and emergency department visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liji Mathew
- Schools of Nursing (Dr Mathew) and Medicine (Mss Schmolze and Carter), University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas
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Wu YX, Wang DD, Zhao RQ, Jin OX, Yang JY, Zhang MX, Wang LZ. Differences in clinical characteristics of early-onset and late-onset severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in neonates. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1741-1750. [PMID: 38233605 PMCID: PMC11001696 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Differences in clinical characteristics of early-onset and late-onset severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in neonates remain unclear. This study aimed to determine whether there are differences in the main clinical, radiological, and laboratory features of early-onset and late-onset SARS-CoV-2 infections in neonates. This single-center, prospective cohort study enrolled neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infection from December 7, 2022, to January 3, 2023, and evaluated their clinical characteristics during hospitalization. All neonates (N = 58) infected with SARS-CoV-2 within 28 days of birth who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Taizhou Hospital were included. These neonates were classified into the early-onset (diagnosed within 7 days of birth) and late-onset (diagnosed more than 7 days after birth) groups. The symptoms, treatment, and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection were the main study outcomes. The incidence of hospitalization attributable to SARS-CoV-2 infection was 10.6% (58 of 546 neonates) in Linhai. Sixteen (28%) of the 58 SARS-CoV-2 infections were early-onset cases, and 42 (72%) were late-onset cases. The common symptoms among the late-onset group were fever (p < 0.001) and cough (p < 0.001). Neonates with late-onset SARS-CoV-2 infection (p < 0.001) were significantly more likely to develop pneumonia. Conclusion: The clinical symptoms and rates of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates differed between the early-onset and late-onset groups. Different clinical management is necessary for neonates with early-onset and late-onset SARS-CoV-2 infections. What is Known: • Neonates are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). • Differences in clinical characteristics of early-onset and late-onset SARS-CoV-2 infections in neonates remain unclear. What is New: • Fever and cough were the most common symptoms among neonates with late-onset infection. • Neonates with late-onset SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to develop pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ru-Qi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ou-Xuan Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Yun Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei-Xian Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China.
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Li-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang, China.
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Khodavandi P, Khodavandi A, Alizadeh F, Gholizadeh L. Possibility of intrauterine transmission from mother to fetus/newborn: Systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic methods to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 295:181-200. [PMID: 38367392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have reported vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2; however, information regarding intrauterine transmission based on diagnostic methods to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection is scarce. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to identify and explore the studies that attempt to ascertain the possibility of intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) statement. The results demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted intrauterine, as detected by clinical manifestations (1.00, 95 % CI: 1.00 - 1.00, 0.51, 95 % CI: 0.22 - 0.80), imaging (0.50, 95 % CI: 0.24 - 0.76, 0.03, 95 % CI: 0.00 - 0.17), molecular (1. 00, 95 % CI: 1.00 - 1.00, 0.92, 95 % CI: 0.77 - 1.00), immunological (0.32, 95 % CI: 0.10 - 0.57, 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.11 - 0.61), and histological approaches (0.79, 95 % CI: 0.52 - 0.98) in maternal and fetal/neonatal specimens, respectively. The possibility of intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus/newborn was 41 % (95 % CI 0.37 - 0.45). We might confirm/verify the intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoCV-2 from mother to fetus/newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Khodavandi
- Department of Biology, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran.
| | - Fahimeh Alizadeh
- Department of Biology, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
| | - Lida Gholizadeh
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
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Kanecki K, Lewtak K, Tyszko P, Kosińska I, Tarka P, Goryński P, Nitsch-Osuch A. Newborn Hospitalizations Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland: A Comparative Study Based on a National Hospital Registry. Int J Public Health 2024; 69:1606272. [PMID: 38420514 PMCID: PMC10899492 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: There are limited data on the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in Poland on newborn health. The aim of the study is to show recent information on hospitalizations of newborns in Poland in the pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic era. Methods: A retrospective, population-based study was conducted using data from hospital discharge records of patients hospitalized in 2017-2021. Results: The data on which the study was based consisted of a substantial number of 104,450 hospitalization records. Annual hospitalization rate was estimated to be 50.3-51.9 per 1,000 in 2017-2019, 56 per 1,000 in 2020 and it rose to 77.7 per 1,000 in 2021. In comparison to the pre-pandemic period, in the COVID-19 era, we observed significantly more hospitalization cases of newborns affected by maternal renal and urinary tract diseases (p < 0.001), syndrome of infant of mother with gestational diabetes (p < 0.001), maternal complications of pregnancy (p < 0.001). In the COVID-19 era, the prevalence of COVID-19 among newborns was 4.5 cases per 1,000 newborn hospitalizations. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak could significantly contribute to qualitative and quantitative changes in hospitalizations among newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kanecki
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lewtak
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Tyszko
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Irena Kosińska
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patryk Tarka
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Goryński
- Department of Population Health Monitoring and Analysis, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Nitsch-Osuch
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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Choudhry IA, Qureshi AN, Aurangzeb K, Iqbal S, Alhussein M. Hybrid Diagnostic Model for Improved COVID-19 Detection in Lung Radiographs Using Deep and Traditional Features. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:406. [PMID: 37754157 PMCID: PMC10526442 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8050406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A recently discovered coronavirus (COVID-19) poses a major danger to human life and health across the planet. The most important step in managing and combating COVID-19 is to accurately screen and diagnose affected people. The imaging technology of lung X-ray is a useful imaging identification/detection approach among them. The help of such computer-aided machines and diagnoses to examine lung X-ray images of COVID-19 instances can give supplemental assessment ideas to specialists, easing their workload to some level. The novel concept of this study is a hybridized approach merging pertinent manual features with deep spatial features for the classification of COVID-19. Further, we employed traditional transfer learning techniques in this investigation, utilizing four different pre-trained CNN-based deep learning models, with the Inception model showing a reasonably accurate result and a diagnosis accuracy of 82.17%. We provide a successful diagnostic approach that blends deep characteristics with machine learning classification to further increase clinical performance. It employs a complete diagnostic model. Two datasets were used to test the suggested approach, and it did quite well on several of them. On 1102 lung X-ray scans, the model was originally evaluated. The results of the experiments indicate that the suggested SVM model has a diagnostic accuracy of 95.57%. When compared to the Xception model's baseline, the diagnostic accuracy had risen by 17.58 percent. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of the proposed models were 95.37 percent, 95.39%, and 95.77%, respectively. To show the adaptability of our approach, we also verified our proposed model on other datasets. Finally, we arrived at results that were conclusive. When compared to research of a comparable kind, our suggested CNN model has a greater accuracy of classification and diagnostic effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Arshad Choudhry
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology & Computer Science, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Adnan N. Qureshi
- Faculty of Arts, Society and Professional Studies, Newman University, Birmingham B32 3NT, UK;
| | - Khursheed Aurangzeb
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 51178, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Saeed Iqbal
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology & Computer Science, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Musaed Alhussein
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 51178, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (M.A.)
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Dai YH, Li C, Yuan G, Mo W, Chen J, Huang R, Wan Z, Lin D, Zhong X, Li H, Liu L, Shi J. A multicentre study on the clinical characteristics of newborns infected with coronavirus disease 2019 during the omicron wave. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1192268. [PMID: 37565246 PMCID: PMC10411454 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1192268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of newborns infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the Omicron wave. Methods From December 1, 2022, to January 4, 2023, clinical data were collected from neonates with COVID-19 who were admitted to 10 hospitals in Foshan City, China. Their epidemiological histories, clinical manifestations and outcomes were analysed. The neonates were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. The t test or χ2 test was used for comparisons between groups. Results A total of 286 children were diagnosed, including 166 males, 120 females, 273 full-term infants and 13 premature infants. They were 5.5 (0-30) days old on average when they were admitted to the hospital. These children had contact with patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were infected through horizontal transmission. This study included 33 asymptomatic and 253 symptomatic patients, among whom 143 were diagnosed with upper respiratory tract infections and 110 were diagnosed with pneumonia. There were no severe or critical patients. Fever (220 patients) was the most common clinical manifestation, with a duration of 1.1 (1-6) days. The next most common clinical manifestations were cough with nasal congestion or runny nose (4 patients), cough (34 patients), poor appetite (7 patients), shortness of breath (15 patients), and poor general status (1 patient). There were no significant abnormalities in routine blood tests among the neonates infected with COVID-19 except for mononucleosis. However, compared with the asymptomatic group, in the symptomatic group, the leukocyte and neutrophil granulocyte counts were significantly decreased, and the monocyte count was significantly increased. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly increased (≥10 mg/L) in 9 patients. Myocardial enzyme, liver function, kidney function and other tests showed no obvious abnormalities. Conclusions In this study, neonates infected with the Omicron variant were asymptomatic or had mild disease. Symptomatic patients had lower leucocyte and neutrophil levels than asymptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Heng Dai
- Department of Neonatal, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University (Foshan Maternity &Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, China
| | - Caihuan Li
- Department of Neonatal, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Guilong Yuan
- Department of Neonatal, Nanhai Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Wenhui Mo
- Department of Neonatal, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neonatal, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University (Foshan Maternity &Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, China
| | - Runzhong Huang
- Department of Neonatal, Shunde Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Zhonghe Wan
- Department of Neonatal, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Foshan, China
| | - Duohua Lin
- Department of Neonatal, Foshan Gaoming District People’s Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Xiangming Zhong
- Department of Neonatal, Sanshui Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, China
| | - Huanqiong Li
- Department of Neonatal, Sanshui District People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neonatal, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jipeng Shi
- Department of Neonatal, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University (Foshan Maternity &Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, China
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[Clinical characteristics of neonates infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: a multicenter cross-sectional survey]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:678-684. [PMID: 37529948 PMCID: PMC10414171 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2302049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the clinical characteristics of neonates infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 542 hospitalized neonates with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 27 hospitals in Shenzhen from December 7, 2022, to January 12, 2023 (during the Omicron variant epidemic period). The neonates were divided into two groups: asymptomatic infection and symptomatic infection. The clinical characteristics, results of laboratory examination, chest X-ray findings, and outcome were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Among the 542 neonates, there were 285 males and 257 females. Among them, 515 (95.0%) were full-term infants, and 27 (5.0%) were preterm infants. The asymptomatic infection group had 60 cases, and the symptomatic infection group had 482 cases. Among them, 336 cases (69.7%) were mild, 125 cases (25.9%) were moderate, 15 cases (3.1%) were severe, and 6 cases (1.2%) were critical. Fever was the most common symptom (434 cases, 90.0%), followed by cough and/or spitting (183 cases, 38.0%), nasal congestion and/or runny nose (131 cases, 27.2%), shortness of breath (36 cases, 7.5%), and feeding intolerance (30 cases, 6.2%). Among the 325 cases who underwent chest X-ray examination, 136 cases (41.8%) had patchy or consolidative shadows in the lungs, 2 cases (0.6%) had pneumothorax, 2 cases (0.6%) had decreased lung transparency, and 185 cases (57.0%) showed no abnormality. Among the 396 cases (73.1%) who received treatment, 341 cases (86.1%) received symptomatic treatment, 137 cases (34.6%) received antibiotic treatment, 4 cases (1.0%) received immunoglobulin treatment, and 23 cases (5.8%) received respiratory support treatment. All 542 neonates were discharged from the hospital after their clinical symptoms were relieved, and the median hospital stay was 5 days. The white blood cell count, neutrophil count, hemoglobin, and procalcitonin were lower in the symptomatic infection group than those in the asymptomatic infection group (P<0.05), while the platelet count and blood glucose levels were higher in the symptomatic infection group than those in the asymptomatic infection group (P<0.05). The proportions of neonates with decreased neutrophil count, increased platelet count, and decreased hemoglobin concentration were higher in the symptomatic infection group than those in the asymptomatic group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Most neonates with COVID-19 caused by the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 are mild, with fever as the predominant symptom. Symptomatic neonates with COVID-19 are often accompanied by decreased neutrophil count, increased platelet count, and decreased hemoglobin level. Symptomatic treatment is the main treatment, and the prognosis is good.
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Morniroli D, Vizzari G, Tosi M, Treglia G, Corsello A, Marchisio P, Mosca F, Agostoni C, Giannì ML, Milani GP, Pugni L. Mother-to-child transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8813. [PMID: 37258854 PMCID: PMC10230471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mother-to-child transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a study to summarize evidence on the risk of mother-to-child transmission in the first 30 days after birth in high-income countries and to evaluate the association between preventive measures and the risk of infection for the neonate. A systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken following PRISMA guidelines. The National Library of Medicine, Web of Science, and Excerpta Medica databases were screened on February 26, 2022. All prospective observational studies addressing the frequency of infection in infants born to mothers SARS-CoV-2 positive were included. Twenty-six studies were included, reporting data of 2653 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 and 2677 neonates. The proportion meta-analysis pointed out an overall estimate of SARS-CoV-2 infection among infants of 2.3% (95% CI: 1.4-3.2%). Data from studies with (1.4%, 95% CI: 0.8-2) and without (1.3%, 95% CI: 0.0-2.7%) rooming-in provided similar risk of infection. Adopting at least two prevention measures during rooming-in resulted in a rate of mother-to-child infection of 1.0% (95%CI: 0.3-1.7%). The results of this study show a low rate of perinatal infection, support the rooming-in and confirm the effectiveness of preventive measures in reducing the risk of mother-to-child viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Morniroli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Vizzari
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Tosi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Treglia
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Corsello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Marchisio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, S.C. Pediatria-Pneumoinfettivologia, Milan, Lombardia, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Mosca
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatric Unit, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Lorella Giannì
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy.
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gregorio Paolo Milani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via della Commenda 12, 20122, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pediatric Unit, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Pugni
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy
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王 彦, 朱 艳, 江 立, 杨 月. [Clinical features of 23 neonates infected with Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:516-520. [PMID: 37272179 PMCID: PMC10247196 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2212103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the clinical features of neonates infected with Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). METHODS The medical data of 23 neonates with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to the City North Campus of Urumqi First People's Hospital from October to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS All 23 infants had a history of exposure to confirmed caregivers with SARS-CoV-2 infection after birth, and none of them was vertically transmitted. Clinical classification: 5 cases of asymptomatic infection, 18 cases of mild infection, and no cases of moderate, severe, or critically ill. The first symptoms were fever in 13 cases, cough in 3 cases, nasal congestion in 1 case, and diarrhea in 1 case. Blood white blood cell counts decreased in 2 cases, and C-reactive protein increased in 1 case. Seven infants underwent chest X-ray examination due to cough or shortness of breath, and one of which showed focal exudative changes, while the rest showed no abnormal changes. All infants were discharged after symptomatic treatment and the median hospital stay was 6 days. The duration of nucleic acid positivity of SARS-CoV-2 was negatively correlated with N gene Ct values and ORF1ab gene Ct values (rs=-0.719 and -0.699, respectively; P<0.05). One month after discharge, all infants had no symptoms or signs of nucleic acid re-positivity. CONCLUSIONS The clinical manifestations are usually mild or asymptomatic in neonates infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The lower the Ct values of the N and ORF1ab genes of SARS-CoV-2, the longer the duration of nucleic acid positivity. Neonates infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant can have a good prognosis after symptomatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- 彦梅 王
- 新疆医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科,新疆乌鲁木齐830000
| | - 艳萍 朱
- 新疆医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科,新疆乌鲁木齐830000
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Carvajal J, Casanello P, Toso A, Farías M, Carrasco-Negue K, Araujo K, Valero P, Fuenzalida J, Solari C, Sobrevia L. Functional consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, fetoplacental unit, and neonate. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166582. [PMID: 36273675 PMCID: PMC9581789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 infection causes COVID-19 disease, characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome, bilateral pneumonia, and organ failure. The consequences of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection for the pregnant woman, fetus, and neonate are controversial. Thus, it is required to determine whether there is viral and non-viral vertical transmission in COVID-19. The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 leads to functional alterations in asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women, the fetoplacental unit and the neonate. Several diseases of pregnancy, including COVID-19, affect the fetoplacental function, which causes in utero programming for young and adult diseases. A generalized inflammatory state and a higher risk of infection are seen in pregnant women with COVID-19. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension may increase the vulnerability of pregnant women to infection by SARS-CoV-2. Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 show specific mutations that seem to increase the capacity of the virus to infect the pregnant woman, likely due to increasing its interaction via the virus S protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors. This review shows the literature addressing to what extent COVID-19 in pregnancy affects the pregnant woman, fetoplacental unit, and neonate. Prospective studies that are key in managing SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Carvajal
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile.
| | - Paola Casanello
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile,Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile,Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alberto Toso
- Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Marcelo Farías
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Karina Carrasco-Negue
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Kenny Araujo
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Paola Valero
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Javiera Fuenzalida
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Caterina Solari
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Medical School (Faculty of Medicine), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41012, Spain; University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston 4029, Queensland, Australia; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Eutra, The Institute for Obesity Research (IOR), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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11
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Jaewjaroenwattana J, Phoolcharoen W, Pasomsub E, Teengam P, Chailapakul O. Electrochemical paper-based antigen sensing platform using plant-derived monoclonal antibody for detecting SARS-CoV-2. Talanta 2022; 251:123783. [PMID: 35977451 PMCID: PMC9357285 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The current approaches of diagnostic platforms for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infections mostly relied on adapting the existing technology. In this work, a simple and low-cost electrochemical sensing platform for detecting SAR-CoV-2 antigen was established. The proposed sensor combined the innovative disposable paper-based immunosensor and cost-effective plant-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody CR3022, expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. The cellulose nanocrystal was modified on screen-printed graphene electrode to provide the abundant COOH functional groups on electrode surface, leading to the high ability for antibody immobilization. The quantification of the presence receptor binding domain (RBD) spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 was performed using differential pulse voltammetry by monitoring the changing current of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- redox solution. The current change of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- before and after the presence of target RBD could be clearly distinguished, providing a linear relationship with RBD concentration in the range from 0.1 pg/mL to 500 ng/mL with the minimum limit of detection of 2.0 fg/mL. The proposed platform was successfully applied to detect RBD in nasopharyngeal swab samples with satisfactory results. Furthermore, the paper-based immunosensor was extended to quantify the RBD level in spiked saliva samples, demonstrating the broadly applicability of this system. This electrochemical paper-based immunosensor has the potential to be employed as a point-of-care testing for COVID-19 diagnosis.
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12
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Iacob D, Enatescu I, Dima M, Bernad E, Pantea M, Bozgan D, Bernad S, Craina M. First Neonates with Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Late Pregnancy in West Part of Romania: Case Series. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071668. [PMID: 35885572 PMCID: PMC9324313 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed the vulnerable neonatal population to unknown risks. Given that herd immunity is has not been reached, the entire population is susceptible to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Virus(SARS-CoV-2) infection. The arising concern about the vertical transmission of neonatal complications caused by the novel coronavirus is a continuous challenge for managing newborns, considering the rare cases and unclear guidelines. Therefore, a retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary unit from Timisoara, Romania. Of the 283 newborns born during the study period, only 3 neonates were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first 24 h of life (DOL-0). The present study plans to identify the findings, including clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and outcomes of newborns with vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. All infected neonates were confirmed with COVID-19 by Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) from nasal aspirates and were isolated in the neonatology department. They were the first and the only neonate infected at birth from the West part of Romania. The clinical findings were unremarkable except for one neonate who developed mild respiratory distress syndrome. Elevated IgG-specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 serum levels were found in one newborn. Swab samples in DOL-0 strengthened the awareness of vertical transmission, although peripartum SARS-CoV-2 infection does not seem responsible for severe symptoms. We conclude that vertical transmission is rare in late pregnancy. Even if the studied newborns showed mild forms of COVID-19, it is essential to note that newborns represent a particular category of patients. More studies are needed to complete the observations of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iacob
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, EftimieMurgu Square no 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.I.); (I.E.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Ileana Enatescu
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, EftimieMurgu Square no 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.I.); (I.E.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Mirabela Dima
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, EftimieMurgu Square no 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.I.); (I.E.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Elena Bernad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, EftimieMurgu Square no 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Manuela Pantea
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, EftimieMurgu Square no 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.I.); (I.E.); (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Daiana Bozgan
- Clinic of Neonatology, “PiusBrinzeu” County Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Sandor Bernad
- Romanian Academy Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Avenue, 24, 300275 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Craina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, EftimieMurgu Square no 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Patrick-Esteve J, Mumphrey C, Yu D, Masoumy E, Lawson J, Hebert D, Barkemeyer B. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the care of a preterm infant with COVID-19 infection: Case report. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:953122. [PMID: 36034575 PMCID: PMC9412163 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.953122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) in December 2019 and has since unleashed a global pandemic, with over 518 million cases as of May 10, 2022. Neonates represent a very small proportion of those patients. Among reported cases of neonates with symptomatic COVID-19 infection, the rates of hospitalization remain low. Most reported cases in infants and neonates are community acquired with mild symptoms, most commonly fever, rhinorrhea and cough. Very few require intensive care or invasive support for acute infection. We present a case of a 2-month-old former 26-week gestation infant with a birthweight of 915 grams and diagnoses of mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia and a small ventricular septal defect who developed acute respiratory decompensation due to COVID-19 infection. He required veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for 23 days. Complications included liver and renal dysfunction and a head ultrasound notable for lentriculostriate vasculopathy, extra-axial space enlargement and patchy periventricular echogenicity. The patient was successfully decannulated to conventional mechanical ventilation with subsequent extubation to non-invasive respiratory support. He was discharged home at 6 months of age with supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula and gastrostomy tube feedings. He continues to receive outpatient developmental follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a preterm infant during their initial hospitalization to survive ECMO for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Patrick-Esteve
- Department of Pediatrics-Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Christy Mumphrey
- Department of Pediatrics-Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - David Yu
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of New Orleans, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Emily Masoumy
- Department of Pediatrics-Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jeremy Lawson
- Department of Pediatrics-Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - David Hebert
- Department of Respiratory, Children's Hospital New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Brian Barkemeyer
- Department of Pediatrics-Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital New Orleans, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
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