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Benchagra L, Berrougui H, Islam MO, Ramchoun M, Boulbaroud S, Hajjaji A, Fulop T, Ferretti G, Khalil A. Antioxidant Effect of Moroccan Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L. Sefri Variety) Extracts Rich in Punicalagin against the Oxidative Stress Process. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092219. [PMID: 34574329 PMCID: PMC8469689 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants products are widely distributed in food and medicinal plants. These natural antioxidants, especially polyphenols, exhibit a wide range of biological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherosclerosis activities. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a rich source of polyphenolic components. The purpose of this study was to characterize the phenolic composition and flavonoids and anthocyanin content of different parts (peel and aril) of the Sefri variety of pomegranate. Our results showed that Peel extract was richer in these compounds than that of the Arils, especially in Punicalagin (A and B). DPPH free radical scavenging, reducing power (FRAP), β-carotene bleaching, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays revealed a greater dose-dependent activity of pomegranate peel phenolic extract (PPPE) compared to pomegranate aril phenolic extract (PAPE). PPPE was also more potent than PAPE concerning its ability to inhibit conjugated diene formation and to reduce α-tocopherol disappearance induced by CuSO4-mediated LDL peroxidation. Interestingly, both extracts (PPPE and PAPE) significantly inhibited lipid peroxidation and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in stressed J82 human bladder cancer cells. These results reflect the protective effects that this Moroccan variety of pomegranate can provide against the development of metabolic disorder, cancer, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. Given these properties, further studies should be undertaken to investigate possible applications of Sefri pomegranate extracts in the fields of food preservation and health supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamiae Benchagra
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (L.B.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (L.B.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.); (A.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (M.O.I.); (T.F.)
| | - Mohamed Obaidul Islam
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (M.O.I.); (T.F.)
- Department of Clinical Science and Odontostomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Mhamed Ramchoun
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (L.B.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Samira Boulbaroud
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (L.B.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Abdelouahed Hajjaji
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23020, Morocco; (L.B.); (H.B.); (M.R.); (S.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Tamas Fulop
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (M.O.I.); (T.F.)
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Science and Odontostomatology (DISCO), Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada; (M.O.I.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Zielińska A, Kubasiewicz K, Wójcicki K, Silva AM, Nunes FM, Szalata M, Słomski R, Eder P, Souto EB. Two- and Three-Dimensional Spectrofluorimetric Qualitative Analysis of Selected Vegetable Oils for Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235608. [PMID: 33260612 PMCID: PMC7730717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetable oils obtained from different plants are known for their beneficial effects on prophylaxis and supportive treatment of a great deal of inflammatory-mediated conditions. Their wide range of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and the presence of other ingredients (e.g., tocopherols, chlorophylls), provide them with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties, which are worth being exploited. In this study, we have carried out the spectrofluorometric analysis of selected vegetable oils, namely apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil; blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) seed oil; argan (Argania spinosa) nut oil; kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) seed oil; grape (Vitis vinifera) seed oil; evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) oil and meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba) seed oil, with the purpose to detect their fluorescent ingredients for further identification and bioactivity comparison. The obtained two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) emission spectra offered a complete description of the fluorescent components of the mixture and revealed different features for studied oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zielińska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (A.Z.); (R.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Konrad Kubasiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Wójcicki
- Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Aleje Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Chemistry Research Centre—Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, P-5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Marlena Szalata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (A.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Piotr Eder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-488-400
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Analysis of Low Molecular Weight Substances and Related Processes Influencing Cellular Cholesterol Efflux. Pharmaceut Med 2020; 33:465-498. [PMID: 31933239 PMCID: PMC7101889 DOI: 10.1007/s40290-019-00308-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol efflux is the key process protecting the vascular system from the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Various extracellular and intracellular events affect the ability of the cell to efflux excess cholesterol. To explore the possible pathways and processes that promote or inhibit cholesterol efflux, we applied a combined cheminformatic and bioinformatic approach. We performed a comprehensive analysis of published data on the various substances influencing cholesterol efflux and found 153 low molecular weight substances that are included in the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) database. Pathway enrichment was performed for substances identified within the Reactome database, and 45 substances were selected in 93 significant pathways. The most common pathways included the energy-dependent processes related to active cholesterol transport from the cell, lipoprotein metabolism and lipid transport, and signaling pathways. The activators and inhibitors of cholesterol efflux were non-uniformly distributed among the different pathways: the substances influencing ‘biological oxidations’ activate cholesterol efflux and the substances influencing ‘Signaling by GPCR and PTK6’ inhibit efflux. This analysis may be used in the search and design of efflux effectors for therapies targeting structural and functional high-density lipoprotein deficiency.
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Extra Virgin Olive Oil Phenol Extracts Exert Hypocholesterolemic Effects through the Modulation of the LDLR Pathway: In Vitro and Cellular Mechanism of Action Elucidation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061723. [PMID: 32526887 PMCID: PMC7352813 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the hypocholesterolemic effects of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenols and the mechanisms behind the effect. Two phenolic extracts were prepared from EVOO of different cultivars and analyzed using the International Olive Council (IOC) official method for total phenols, a recently validated hydrolytic procedure for total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, and 1H-NMR analysis in order to assess their secoiridoid profiles. Both of the extracts inhibited in vitro the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl co-enzyme A reductase (HMGCoAR) activity in a dose-dependent manner. After the treatment of human hepatic HepG2 cells (25 µg/mL), they increased the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor protein levels through the activation of the sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP)-2 transcription factor, leading to a better ability of HepG2 cells to uptake extracellular LDL molecules with a final hypocholesterolemic effect. Moreover, both of the extracts regulated the intracellular HMGCoAR activity through the increase of its phosphorylation by the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-pathways. Unlike pravastatin, they did not produce any unfavorable effect on proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) protein level. Finally, the fact that extracts with different secoiridoid profiles induce practically the same biological effects suggests that the hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol derivatives may have similar roles in hypocholesterolemic activity.
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Essential Oils-Loaded Electrospun Biopolymers: A Future Perspective for Active Food Packaging. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The growth of global food demand combined with the increased appeal to access different foods from every corner of the globe is forcing the food industry to look for alternative technologies to increase the shelf life. Essential oils (EOs) as naturally occurring functional ingredients have shown great prospects in active food packaging. EOs can inhibit the growth of superficial food pathogens, modify nutritious values without affecting the sensory qualities of food, and prolong the shelf life when used in food packaging as an active ingredient. Since 2016, various reports have demonstrated that combinations of electrospun fibers and encapsulated EOs could offer promising results when used as food packaging. Such electrospun platforms have encapsulated either pure EOs or their complexation with other antibacterial agents to prolong the shelf life of food products through sustained release of active ingredients. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the essential oil-loaded electrospun fibers that have been applied as active food packaging material.
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Louati M, Ucarli C, Arikan B, Ghada B, Hannachi AS, Turgut-Kara N. Genetic, Morphological, and Biochemical Diversity of Argan Tree ( Argania spinosa L.) (Sapotaceae) in Tunisia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E319. [PMID: 31480514 PMCID: PMC6783864 DOI: 10.3390/plants8090319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Argan trees are normally endemic to Morocco and Algeria, but hundreds of argan trees exist in Tunisia, some introduced from Morocco and some from unknown origins. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic, morphological, and biochemical diversity of the argan trees in Tunisia. In this study, we used morphometric data collected from vegetative tissue, as well as pomological characteristics related to fruits, stones, and kernels. Genetic variation in 60 trees of Tunisian Argania spinosa L. was estimated using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs). Mutation screening and genotyping by high-resolution melting (HRM) was performed to detect delta-6-desaturase (D6D) variants in the tested individuals, and finally fatty acid analysis of argan leaves with gas chromatography (GC) was performed. The plant materials used in this study originated from four different sites in Tunisia. Analysis of morphological characteristics showed large variability both within and between the studied collections. The analysis of ISSR polymorphisms gave information about the diversity within and between populations. HRM analysis showed that all 60 argan individuals were grouped into 10 different categories. The results of the gas chromatography analysis showed that the presence of omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA was noticeable in some argan leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Louati
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Cuneyt Ucarli
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey
| | - Burcu Arikan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey
| | - Baraket Ghada
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Amel Salhi Hannachi
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Neslihan Turgut-Kara
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34134, Turkey.
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7
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Characterization of Key Odorants in Moroccan Argan Oil by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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A comparative study on the effect of argan oil versus fish oil on risk factors for cardio-vascular disease in high-fat-fed rats. Nutrition 2019; 57:32-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Munteanu BS, Sacarescu L, Vasiliu AL, Hitruc GE, Pricope GM, Sivertsvik M, Rosnes JT, Vasile C. Antioxidant/Antibacterial Electrospun Nanocoatings Applied onto PLA Films. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1973. [PMID: 30322165 PMCID: PMC6213579 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) films were coated by coaxial electrospinning with essential and vegetable oils (clove and argan oils) and encapsulated into chitosan, in order to combine the biodegradability and mechanical properties of PLA substrates with the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the chitosan⁻oil nanocoatings. It has been established that the morphology of the electrospun nanocoatings mainly depend on the average molecular weight (MW) of chitosan. Oil beads, encapsulated into the main chitosan nanofibers, were obtained using high-MW chitosan (Chit-H). Oil encapsulated in chitosan naoparticles resulted when low-MW chitosan (Chit-L) was used. The coating layer, with a thickness of 100 ± 20 nm, had greater roughness for the samples containing Chit-H compared with the samples containing Chit-L. The coated PLA films had higher antibacterial activity when the nanocoating contained clove oil rather than when argan oil was used, for both types of chitosan. Nanocoatings containing Chit-H had higher antibacterial activity compared with those containing Chit-L, for both types of oil tested, due to the larger surface area of the rougher nanoscaled morphology of the coating layer that contained Chit-L. The chitosan⁻clove oil combination had higher antioxidant activity compared to the simple chitosan nanocoating, which confirmed their synergistic activities. The low activity of systems containing argan oil was explained by big differences between their chemical composition and viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liviu Sacarescu
- "P. Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Ana-Lavinia Vasiliu
- "P. Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Gabriela Elena Hitruc
- "P. Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Gina M Pricope
- Veterinary and the Food Safety Laboratory, Food Safety Department, 700489 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Morten Sivertsvik
- Nofima AS, Deptartment of Processing Technology, Muninbakken 9-13, Tromsø 9291, Norway.
| | - Jan Thomas Rosnes
- Nofima AS, Deptartment of Processing Technology, Muninbakken 9-13, Tromsø 9291, Norway.
| | - Cornelia Vasile
- "P. Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
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Peroxisomal Acyl-CoA Oxidase Type 1: Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Aging Properties with a Special Emphasis on Studies with LPS and Argan Oil as a Model Transposable to Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6986984. [PMID: 29765501 PMCID: PMC5889864 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6986984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To clarify appropriateness of current claims for health and wellness virtues of argan oil, studies were conducted in inflammatory states. LPS induces inflammation with reduction of PGC1-α signaling and energy metabolism. Argan oil protected the liver against LPS toxicity and interestingly enough preservation of peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase type 1 (ACOX1) activity against depression by LPS. This model of LPS-driven toxicity circumvented by argan oil along with a key anti-inflammatory role attributed to ACOX1 has been here transposed to model aging. This view is consistent with known physiological role of ACOX1 in yielding precursors of specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) and with characteristics of aging and related disorders including reduced PGC1-α function and improvement by strategies rising ACOX1 (via hormonal gut FGF19 and nordihydroguaiaretic acid in metabolic syndrome and diabetes conditions) and SPM (neurodegenerative disorders, atherosclerosis, and stroke). Delay of aging to resolve inflammation results from altered production of SPM, SPM improving most aging disorders. The strategic metabolic place of ACOX1, upstream of SPM biosynthesis, along with ability of ACOX1 preservation/induction and SPM to improve aging-related disorders and known association of aging with drop in ACOX1 and SPM, all converge to conclude that ACOX1 represents a previously unsuspected and currently emerging antiaging protein.
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El Midaoui A, Haddad Y, Filali-Zegzouti Y, Couture R. Argan Oil as an Effective Nutri-Therapeutic Agent in Metabolic Syndrome: A Preclinical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112492. [PMID: 29165388 PMCID: PMC5713458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims at examining the effects of argan oil on the three main cardiovascular risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (hypertension, insulin resistance and obesity) and on one of its main complications, neuropathic pain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats had free access to a drinking solution containing 10% d-glucose or tap water for 12 weeks. The effect of argan oil was compared to that of corn oil given daily by gavage during 12 weeks in glucose-fed rats. Glucose-fed rats showed increases in systolic blood pressure, epididymal fat, plasma levels of triglycerides, leptin, glucose and insulin, insulin resistance, tactile and cold allodynia in association with a rise in superoxide anion production and NADPH oxidase activity in the thoracic aorta, epididymal fat and gastrocnemius muscle. Glucose-fed rats also showed rises in B1 receptor protein expression in aorta and gastrocnemius muscle. Argan oil prevented or significantly reduced all those anomalies with an induction in plasma adiponectin levels. In contrast, the same treatment with corn oil had a positive impact only on triglycerides, leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance. These data are the first to suggest that argan oil is an effective nutri-therapeutic agent to prevent the cardiovascular risk factors and complications associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil El Midaoui
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Department of Biology, FST Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Errachidia, Morocco.
| | - Youssef Haddad
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | | | - Réjean Couture
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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12
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Ursoniu S, Sahebkar A, Serban MC, Banach M. The impact of argan oil on plasma lipids in humans: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2017; 32:377-383. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sorin Ursoniu
- Department of Functional Sciences, Discipline of Public Health; Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Timisoara Romania
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Maria-Corina Serban
- Department of Functional Sciences, Discipline of Pathophysiology; Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Timisoara Romania
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension; Medical University of Lodz; Poland
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI); Lodz Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre; University of Zielona Gora; Zielona Gora Poland
- Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration (LBPMC) Group; Poland
- Polish Lipid Association (PoLA); Poland
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13
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El Kamouni S, El Kebbaj R, Andreoletti P, El Ktaibi A, Rharrassi I, Essamadi A, El Kebbaj MS, Mandard S, Latruffe N, Vamecq J, Nasser B, Cherkaoui-Malki M. Protective Effect of Argan and Olive Oils against LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice Livers. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102181. [PMID: 29048364 PMCID: PMC5666862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis causes severe dysregulation of organ functions, via the development of oxidative stress and inflammation. These pathophysiological mechanisms are mimicked in mice injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here, protective properties of argan oil against LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammation are explored in the murine model. Mice received standard chow, supplemented with argan oil (AO) or olive oil (OO) for 25 days, before septic shock was provoked with a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS, 16 hours prior to animal sacrifice. In addition to a rise in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, injected LPS also caused hepatotoxicity, accompanied by hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperuremia. These LPS-associated toxic effects were blunted by AO pretreatment, as corroborated by normal plasma parameters and cell stress markers (glutathione: GSH) and antioxidant enzymology (catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPx). Hematoxylin–eosin staining revealed that AO can protect against acute liver injury, maintaining a normal status, which is pointed out by absent or reduced LPS-induced hepatic damage markers (i.e., alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)). Our work also indicated that AO displayed anti-inflammatory activity, due to down-regulations of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and in up-regulations of the expression of anti-inflammatory genes encoding Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10). OO provided animals with similar, though less extensive, protective changes. Collectively our work adds compelling evidence to the protective mechanisms of AO against LPS-induced liver injury and hence therapeutic potentialities, in regard to the management of human sepsis. Activations of IL-4/Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (IL-4/PPARs) signaling and, under LPS, an anti-inflammatory IL-10/Liver X Receptor (IL-10/LXR) route, obviously indicated the high potency and plasticity of the anti-inflammatory properties of argan oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufiane El Kamouni
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP577, Settat 26000, Morocco.
| | - Riad El Kebbaj
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP577, Settat 26000, Morocco.
- Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la santé Université Hassan I, Settat 26000, Morocco.
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR SVTE, Dijon 21000, France.
| | - Abderrahim El Ktaibi
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique Hôpital Militaire Avicenne, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
| | - Issam Rharrassi
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique Hôpital Militaire Avicenne, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
| | - Abdelkhalid Essamadi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP577, Settat 26000, Morocco.
| | - M'hammed Saïd El Kebbaj
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences-Aïn Chock, Université Hassan II-Aïn chock, Casablanca 20000, Morocco.
| | - Stéphane Mandard
- Lipness Team, INSERM, Research Center UMR866 and LabEx LipSTIC, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Faculté de Médecine, Dijon 21000, France.
| | - Norbert Latruffe
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR SVTE, Dijon 21000, France.
| | - Joseph Vamecq
- INSERM and HMNO, CBP, CHRU Lille, Lille 59037 and RADEME EA 7364, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille 2, Lille 59045, France.
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP577, Settat 26000, Morocco.
| | - Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR SVTE, Dijon 21000, France.
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Şekeroğlu ZA, Aydın B, Şekeroğlu V. Argan oil reduces oxidative stress, genetic damage and emperipolesis in rats treated with acrylamide. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:873-879. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Yamashita M, Kumazoe M, Nakamura Y, Won YS, Bae J, Yamashita S, Tachibana H. The Combination of Green Tea Extract and Eriodictyol Inhibited High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Cholesterol Upregulation Is Accompanied by Suppression of Cholesterol Synthesis Enzymes. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2017; 62:249-256. [PMID: 27725410 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.62.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Western diets induce obesity associated with an increased risk of hypercholesterolaemia. Indeed, obesity-induced hypercholesterolaemia is correlated with increased coronary cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet, high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HF/HS), HF/HS with green tea extract powder diet (HF/HS+GT), HF/HS with eriodictyol diet (HF/HS+Eri), or HF/HS with green tea extract powder and eriodictyol diet (HF/HS+GT+Eri) for 8 wk. Body weight was lower in the HF/HS+GT+Eri group than in the HF/HS group (-8.3%, p<0.01). The HF/HS diet elicited an upregulation of total cholesterol levels (-63%, p<0.001), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (-89%, p<0.001) were significantly suppressed by the GT+Eri diet. Conversely, no change (p>0.05) was observed in the HF/HS+GT and HF/HS+Eri groups. The HF/HS diet-induced hepatic mRNA increase in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) was ameliorated (-73%) by the oral administration of green tea extract and eriodictyol. Moreover, the GT+Eri diet suppressed HF/HS diet-induced upregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase (HMGCS) (-75%, p<0.05). Furthermore, the LDL receptor (LDLR) levels were higher in the HF/HS+GT+Eri group (+50%, p<0.05) than in the HF/HS group. These results suggest that a combination of green tea and eriodictyol decreases cholesterol levels, particularly LDL levels, accompanied by the suppression of HMGCR and HMGCS levels and upregulation of LDLR levels in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Yamashita
- Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
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El Midaoui A, Haddad Y, Couture R. Beneficial effects of argan oil on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in rat. Nutrition 2016; 32:1132-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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El Kebbaj R, Andreoletti P, El Hajj HI, El Kharrassi Y, Vamecq J, Mandard S, Saih FE, Latruffe N, El Kebbaj MS, Lizard G, Nasser B, Cherkaoui-Malki M. Argan oil prevents down-regulation induced by endotoxin on liver fatty acid oxidation and gluconeogenesis and on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α, (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and estrogen related receptor α (ERRα). BIOCHIMIE OPEN 2015; 1:51-59. [PMID: 29632829 PMCID: PMC5889474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopen.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In patients with sepsis, liver metabolism and its capacity to provide other organs with energetic substrates are impaired. This and many other pathophysiological changes seen in human patients are reproduced in mice injected with purified endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). In the present study, down-regulation of genes involved in hepatic fatty acid oxidation (FAOx) and gluconeogenesis in mice exposed to LPS was challenged by nutritional intervention with Argan oil. Mice given a standard chow supplemented or not with either 6% (w/w) Argan oil (AO) or 6% (w/w) olive oil (OO) prior to exposure to LPS were explored for liver gene expressions assessed by mRNA transcript levels and/or enzyme activities. AO (or OO) food supplementation reveals that, in LPS-treated mice, hepatic expression of genes involved in FAOx and gluconeogenesis was preserved. This preventive protection might be related to the recovery of the gene expressions of nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and estrogen related receptor α (ERRα) and their coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α, (PGC-1α). These preventive mechanisms conveyed by AO against LPS-induced metabolic dysregulation might add new therapeutic potentialities in the management of human sepsis. Argan oil prevents LPS-treated mice from liver dysregulation of FAOx and gluconeogenesis. Argan oil improves hepatic expression of PPARα and ERRα, and their coactivators PGC-1α and Lipin-1. New preventive mechanisms conveyed by Argan oil against LPS-induced metabolic dysregulation.
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Key Words
- ACADL, acyl CoA dehydrogenase long-chain
- ACADM, acyl CoA dehydrogenase medium-chain
- ACADS, acyl CoA dehydrogenase short-chain
- ACOX1, acyl-CoA oxidase 1
- AO, Argan oil
- Argan oil
- Beta-oxidation
- Coactivator
- ERRα, estrogen related receptor α
- G6PH, glucose-6-phosphatase
- Gluconeogenesis
- Glut2, glucose transporter 2
- Glut4, glucose transporter 4
- HNF-4α, hepatic nuclear factor-4α
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- Nuclear receptor
- OO, olive oil
- PEPCK, phospoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
- PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α
- PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α
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Affiliation(s)
- Riad El Kebbaj
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France.,Laboratoir de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP 577, 26 000 Settat, Morocco.,Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Institut supérieur des sciences de la santé Université Hassan I, Route de Casablanca. 14 BP 539, 26 000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Hammam I El Hajj
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Youssef El Kharrassi
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France.,Laboratoir de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP 577, 26 000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Joseph Vamecq
- INSERM and HMNO, CBP, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille and RADEME EA 7364, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille 2, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Mandard
- Lipness Team, INSERM, Research Center UMR866 and LabEx LipSTIC, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Fatima-Ezzahra Saih
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France.,Laboratoir de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP 577, 26 000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Norbert Latruffe
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - M'Hammed Saïd El Kebbaj
- Laboratoire de recherche sur les lipoprotéines et l'Athérosclérose, Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik, Avenue Cdt Driss El Harti, BP 7955, Université Hassan II-Mohammedia-Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratoir de Biochimie et Neurosciences, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan I, BP 577, 26 000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki
- Univ. Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Laboratoire BioPeroxIL (Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique), EA 7270, 21000 Dijon, France
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Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Promote Cholesterol Efflux and Improve HDL Functionality. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:208062. [PMID: 26495005 PMCID: PMC4606102 DOI: 10.1155/2015/208062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Results of the present work give evidence from the beneficial role of extra virgin olive of oil (EVOO) consumption towards oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenols contained in EVOO are responsible for inhibiting lipoproteins oxidative damages and promoting reverse cholesterol transport process via ABCA1 pathway.
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Eljaoudi R, Elkabbaj D, Bahadi A, Ibrahimi A, Benyahia M, Errasfa M. Consumption of Argan Oil Improves Anti-Oxidant and Lipid Status in Hemodialysis Patients. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1595-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Eljaoudi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy; University Mohammed V; 10000 Rabat Morocco
| | - Driss Elkabbaj
- Nephrology Department; Military Hospital Mohammed V; 10000 Rabat Morocco
| | - Abdelali Bahadi
- Nephrology Department; Military Hospital Mohammed V; 10000 Rabat Morocco
| | - Azeddine Ibrahimi
- Medical Biotechnologie lab (MedBiotech), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy; University Mohammed V; 10000 Rabat Morocco
| | - Mohammed Benyahia
- Nephrology Department; Military Hospital Mohammed V; 10000 Rabat Morocco
| | - Mourad Errasfa
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy; University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah; 30000 Fes Morocco
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Sour S, Belarbi M, Sari N, Benammar CH, Baghdad CH, Visioli F. Argan oil reduces, in rats, the high fat diet-induced metabolic effects of obesity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:382-387. [PMID: 25694362 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Obesity is a multi-factorial disorder which is of worldwide concern. In addition to calorie control, some specific dietary components might help resolving some of the complication of obesity, by providing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated the effect of argan oil supplementation on plasma lipid profile and oxidant-antioxidant status of rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity compared with rats fed a normal diet (ND). METHODS AND RESULTS We used an animal model of high fat diet-induced obesity to study the metabolic effects of argan oil and we measured several markers lipid and redox statuses. Consumption of a high-fat diet led to an increase in serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triacylglycerols (TAG) concentrations; however, argan oil blunted the increases of TC, LDL-C and TG, glucose, and insulin. Plasma total antioxidant capacity, erythrocyte catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were lower, whereas plasma hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances, and susceptibility of LDL to copper-induced oxidation were higher in obese rats compared with normal rats. Administration of argan oil ameliorated all these indices of redox status. CONCLUSIONS Proper diet and lifestyle should be foremost implemented to reduce the lipoprotein metabolism and oxidant/antioxidant status alterations brought about by obesity. In addition, argan oil reduces the metabolic effects of obesity and its use might be promoted within the context of a balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sour
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - M Belarbi
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - N Sari
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - C H Benammar
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - C H Baghdad
- Laboratoire des produits naturels, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie et des sciences de la terre et de la vie, Université de Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - F Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G, Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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Aidoud A, Ammouche A, Garrido M, Rodriguez AB. Effect of lycopene-enriched olive and argan oils upon lipid serum parameters in Wistar rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:2943-2950. [PMID: 24615399 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycopene has the highest antioxidant activity within carotenoids and is an effective free radical scavenger. Virgin olive oil (VOO) and argan oil (AO) contain trace amounts of a wide variety of phytochemicals which have desirable nutritional properties. The present study intended to assess the effect of various dietary VOO and AO in combination with lycopene consumption on serum biochemical parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TGs) and phospholipids, as well as on hepatosomatic index (HSI) of rats. RESULTS Results showed that ingestion of VOO and AO diminished TC, LDL-C, TGs and phospholipid levels, whereas the HDL-C levels augmented in all the groups assayed. The enrichment of VOO and AO with lycopene improved the beneficial effects derived from the consumption of both oils on serum biochemical parameters. A decrease in body weight gain and HSI was detected after the consumption of lycopene-enriched oils. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the inclusion of lycopene in VOO and AO may be used as a natural tool to fight against hyperlipidaemic and hypercholesterolaemic-derived disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziouz Aidoud
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, Ziane Achour University, Djelfa, Algeria
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NIU HAI, CHAO YU, LI KE, LI JUNXIANG, GONG WEIHONG, HUANG WEN. Robinetinidol-flavone attenuates cholesterol synthesis in hepatoma cells via inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:561-6. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Bounafaa A, Berrougui H, Ikhlef S, Essamadi A, Nasser B, Bennis A, Yamoul N, Ghalim N, Khalil A. Alteration of HDL functionality and PON1 activities in acute coronary syndrome patients. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:318-25. [PMID: 25218815 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The functionality of HDL has been suggested as an important factor in the prevention of cardiovascular and coronary artery diseases. The objective of the present study was to investigate the functionality of HDL and the factors that may affect the anti-atherogenic properties of HDL in ACS patients. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred healthy subjects and 205 ACS patients were recruited. HDL functionality was evaluated by measuring their capacity to mediate cholesterol efflux from J774 macrophages. Oxidative stress status was determined by measuring plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, and vitamin E levels by HPLC. The PON1 Q192R polymorphism status and PON1 paraoxonase and arylesterase activities of the healthy subjects and ACS patients were also determined. The HDL of ACS patients displayed a limited capacity to mediate cholesterol efflux, especially via the ABCA1-pathway. MDA (7.06±0.29 μM) and protein carbonyl (9.29±0.26 μM) levels were significantly higher in ACS patients than in healthy subjects (2.29±0.21 μM and 3.07±0.17 μM, respectively, p<0.0001), while α- and γ-tocopherol (vitamin E) levels in ACS patients were 8-fold (p<0.001) and 2-fold (p<0.05) lower than in healthy subjects. Paraoxonase, arylesterase and HDL-corrected PON1 activities (PON1 activity/HDL ratio) were significantly lower in ACS patients. Logistic regression analyses showed that high PON1 paraoxonase and arylesterase activities had a significant protective effect (OR=0.413, CI 0.289-0.590, p<0.001; OR=0.232 CI 0.107-0.499, p<0.001, respectively) even when adjusted for HDL level, age, BMI, and PON1 polymorphism. CONCLUSION The results of the present study showed that the functionality of HDL is impaired in ACS patients and that the impairment may be due to oxidative stress and an alteration of PON1 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelghani Bounafaa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Hassan I University, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Settat, Morocco; Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Sliman University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco; Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Sliman University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco; Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Souade Ikhlef
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdelkhalid Essamadi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Hassan I University, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Settat, Morocco
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratory of Biochemistry & Neuroscience, Applied Biochemistry and Toxicology Team, Hassan I University, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Settat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Bennis
- Cardiology Service, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Najoua Yamoul
- Cardiology Service, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Noreddine Ghalim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
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Haimeur A, Messaouri H, Ulmann L, Mimouni V, Masrar A, Chraibi A, Tremblin G, Meskini N. Argan oil prevents prothrombotic complications by lowering lipid levels and platelet aggregation, enhancing oxidative status in dyslipidemic patients from the area of Rabat (Morocco). Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:107. [PMID: 23870174 PMCID: PMC3751630 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is now established that patients with hyperlipidemia have a high risk of atherosclerosis and thrombotic complications, which are two important events responsible for the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease. In the context of managing dyslipidemia by means of dietary advice based on the consumption of argan oil, we wanted to investigate the effect of virgin argan oil on plasma lipids, and for the first time, on the platelet hyperactivation and oxidative status associated with dyslipidemia. This study concerns patients recruited in the area of Rabat in Morocco. Methods 39 dyslipidemic (79% women) patients were recruited for our study in the area of Rabat in Morocco. They were randomly assigned to the two following groups: the argan group, in which the subjects consumed 25 mL/day of argan oil at breakfast for 3 weeks, and the control group in which argan oil was replaced by butter. Results After a 3-week consumption period, blood total cholesterol was significantly lower in the argan oil group, as was LDL cholesterol (23.8% and 25.6% lower, respectively). However, the HDL cholesterol level had increased by 26% at the end of the intervention period compared to baseline. Interestingly, in the argan oil group thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was lower, and oxidative status was enhanced as a result of lower platelet MDA and higher GPx activity, respectively. Conclusions In conclusion, our results, even if it is not representative of the Moroccan population, show that argan oil can prevent the prothrombotic complications associated with dyslipidemia, which are a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Haimeur
- IUT Département Génie Biologique, Université du Maine, PRES L'UNAM, EA 2160 MMS (Mer, Molécules, Santé), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Le Mans, Laval, France
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Extra-virgin olive oil consumption reduces the age-related decrease in HDL and paraoxonase 1 anti-inflammatory activities. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:1272-84. [PMID: 23510814 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is associated with HDL and modulates the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory role of HDL. The goals of the present study were to investigate the effect of ageing and the role of PON1 on the anti-inflammatory activity of HDL, and to determine whether extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption could improve the atheroprotective activity of HDL. HDL and PON1 were isolated from the plasma of ten young (Y-HDL and Y-PON1) and ten elderly (E-HDL and E-PON1) healthy volunteers before and after 12 weeks of EVOO consumption. Inflammation was assessed by measuring intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression. THP-1 (human acute monocytic leukaemia cell line) monocyte chemotaxis was measured using a Boyden chamber. Oxidative damage to HDL was assessed by measuring conjugated diene formation and changes in electrophoretic migration. Y-HDL had more anti-inflammatory activity than E-HDL. The conjugated diene content and the electrophoretic mobility of E-HDL were higher than those of Y-HDL. Y-PON1 had significant anti-inflammatory activity, reducing ICAM-1 expression by 32·64 (SD 2·63)%, while E-PON1 had no significant effect. THP-1 chemotaxis measurements confirmed the ICAM-1 expression results. The 12 weeks of EVOO consumption significantly increased the anti-inflammatory activities of both HDL and PON1. The anti-inflammatory activity of HDL was modulated by PON1 and was lower in the elderly volunteers. EVOO consumption increased the anti-inflammatory effect of HDL and reduced the age-related decrease in anti-atherogenic activity.
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Monfalouti HE, Charrouf Z, Hamdouchi AE, Labraimi H, Chafchaouni-Moussaoui I, Kartah B, Kari KE, Bensouda Y, Derouich A, Dodin S, Denhez C, Guillaume D, Agnaou H. Argan Oil and Postmenopausal Moroccan Women: Impact on the Vitamin E Profile. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E supplements could be beneficial for postmenopausal women. To evaluate the effect of edible argan oil consumption on the antioxidant status of postmenopausal women, the vitamin E serum level of 151 menopausal women consuming either olive or argan oil was determined. Serum level of vitamin E was increased in the argan oil consumer group. Therefore, an argan oil-enriched diet can be recommended to help prevent some postmenopausal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae El Monfalouti
- Laboratoire de chimie des plantes, Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Faculty of Science, BP1014 Rabat, Morocco
- URCA-CNRS UMR6229, School of Medicine-Pharmacy, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Zoubida Charrouf
- Laboratoire de chimie des plantes, Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Faculty of Science, BP1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Asma El Hamdouchi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition-Alimentation, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Hanane Labraimi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition-Alimentation, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Imane Chafchaouni-Moussaoui
- Laboratoire de Chimie et d'innovation Thérapeutique, Centre de Recherche d'Universiapolis, Bad el Madina, BP8143, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Badreddine Kartah
- Laboratoire de chimie des plantes, Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Faculty of Science, BP1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid El Kari
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition-Alimentation, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Yahya Bensouda
- Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Soussi, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelfettah Derouich
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Lipoprotéines et l'Athérosclérose. Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik, Université Hassanll Mohammedia, Casablanca Morocco
| | - Sylvie Dodin
- Département d'obstétrique et de gynécologie, Université de Laval, Québec, Qc, G1V0A6 Canada
| | - Clément Denhez
- URCA-CNRS UMR6229, School of Medicine-Pharmacy, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Dom Guillaume
- URCA-CNRS UMR6229, School of Medicine-Pharmacy, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Hassan Agnaou
- Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition-Alimentation, Kenitra, Morocco
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Mekhfi H, Belmekki F, Ziyyat A, Legssyer A, Bnouham M, Aziz M. Antithrombotic activity of argan oil: An in vivo experimental study. Nutrition 2012; 28:937-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cabrera-Vique C, Marfil R, Giménez R, Martínez-Augustin O. Bioactive compounds and nutritional significance of virgin argan oil - an edible oil with potential as a functional food. Nutr Rev 2012; 70:266-79. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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29
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Gbandjaba NY, Ghalim N, Hassar M, Berrougui H, Labrazi H, Taki H, Saile R, Khalil A. Paraoxonase activity in healthy, diabetic, and hemodialysis patients. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:470-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Venegas C, Cabrera-Vique C, García-Corzo L, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D, López LC. Determination of coenzyme Q10, coenzyme Q9, and melatonin contents in virgin argan oils: comparison with other edible vegetable oils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:12102-12108. [PMID: 22007968 DOI: 10.1021/jf203428t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Virgin argan oil possesses high antioxidant capacity (AC), which may be partially explained by its high content in antioxidant molecules such as polyphenols and tocopherols. However, the content in other antioxidant molecules, for example, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ(10)), coenzyme Q9 (CoQ(9)), and melatonin (Mel), which have been identified in other edible vegetable oils, have not been evaluated in virgin argan oil. Consequently, it was decided to evaluate the contents of CoQ(10), CoQ(9), and Mel in virgin argan oils and compare the results to those obtained in extra virgin olive oils and some varieties of seed oils. By the use of sensitive HPLC-EC/F methods, the results showed that virgin argan oil is a rich source of CoQ(10) and Mel, but no CoQ(9) was detected. Extra virgin olive oil showed higher levels of CoQ(10) and lower levels of Mel than virgin argan oil. Between the seed oil samples, only virgin soybean oil showed higher CoQ(10) and Mel levels than virgin argan oil. The results may be relevant for the contribution of CoQ(10) and Mel to the biological activities of virgin argan oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Venegas
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Abstract
Limited – though increasing – evidence suggests that argan oil might be endowed with potential healthful properties, mostly in the areas of CVD and prostate cancer. We sought to comprehensively determine the effects of argan oil supplementation on the plasma lipid profile and antioxidant status of a group of healthy Algerian subjects, compared with matched controls. A total of twenty healthy subjects consumed 15 g/d of argan oil – with toasted bread – for breakfast, during 4 weeks (intervention group), whereas twenty matched controls followed their habitual diet, but did not consume argan oil. The study lasted 30 d. At the end of the study, argan oil-supplemented subjects exhibited higher plasma vitamin E concentrations, lower total and LDL-cholesterol, lower TAG and improved plasma and cellular antioxidant profile, when compared with controls. In conclusion, we showed that Algerian argan oil is able to positively modulate some surrogate markers of CVD, through mechanisms which warrant further investigation.
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Antioxidant-rich food intakes and their association with blood total antioxidant status and vitamin C and E levels in community-dwelling seniors from the Quebec longitudinal study NuAge. Exp Gerontol 2011; 46:475-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Marfil R, Giménez R, Martínez O, Bouzas PR, Rufián-Henares JA, Mesías M, Cabrera-Vique C. Determination of polyphenols, tocopherols, and antioxidant capacity in virgin argan oil (Argania spinosa, Skeels). EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Barcelos RP, Portella RDL, da Rosa EJF, Fonseca ADS, Bresolin L, Carratu V, Soares FAA, Barbosa NV. Thiosemicarbazone derivate protects from AAPH and Cu2+ -induced LDL oxidation. Life Sci 2011; 89:20-8. [PMID: 21620869 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Several lines of evidence support the hypotheses that the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) may play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress is one of the causes of the overproduction of reactive species that increase the formation of oxidized LDL. Thiosemicarbazones are compounds used in anticancer, antiviral and antifungal therapy; however, its redox activity has been controversial. Thus, we tested, in vitro, a possible antioxidant activity of a thiosemicarbazone derivate, the isatin-3-N(4)-benzilthiosemicarbazone (IBTC). MAIN METHODS We measured the conjugated diene formation in serum and LDL as well as the loss of tryptophan fluorescence in LDL induced by two oxidant agents, 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride) (AAPH) and Cu(2+). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation in LDL and in different rat tissues was also assessed. The toxicity of IBTC was measured using aortic slices viability assay. KEY FINDINGS Our results show that IBTC significantly reduced the AAPH and Cu(2+)-induced formation of conjugated dienes, increased in a dose-dependent manner the lag phase and the t(1/2) of tryptophan fluorescence, and reduced the TBARS formation in LDL, plasma and rat tissues, showing no toxicity to aortic slices. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate that IBTC is a good antioxidant and a promising antiatherogenic agent for further studies in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo Pillon Barcelos
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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El Monfalouti H, Guillaume D, Denhez C, Charrouf Z. Therapeutic potential of argan oil: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:1669-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The therapeutic benefits of argan oil consumption have been claimed by natives of Morocco and explorers for more than eight centuries. However, argan oil has remained unresearched for a long time. Traditionally, argan oil has been well known for its cardioprotective properties and it is also used in the treatment of skin infections. Argan oil is principally composed of mono-unsaturated (up to 80%) and saturated (up to 20%) fatty acids. As minor components, it contains polyphenols, tocopherols, sterols, squalene, and triterpene alcohols. Together with the mono-unsaturated fatty acids, these minor components are likely to be responsible for its beneficial effects. This review aims to present an overview of the known pharmacological properties of argan oil.
Key findings
Antiproliferative, antidiabetic, and cardiovascular-protective effects of argan oil have been particularly actively evaluated over the last 5 years in order to build on phytochemical studies that indicate the presence of large amounts of possibly pharmacologically active compounds.
Summary
This review shows that a lack of clinical data constitutes a serious weakness in our knowledge about argan oil, therefore it is difficult to correlate the reported pharmacological activities to any potential clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae El Monfalouti
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
- Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Laboratoire de Chimie des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Dom Guillaume
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Clément Denhez
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, 51 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Zoubida Charrouf
- Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Laboratoire de Chimie des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
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Vidyashankar S, Godavarthi A, Varma RS, Nandakumar KS. Water-soluble compounds in the herbal preparation Abana inhibit lipid biosynthesis and enhance cholesterol efflux in HepG2 cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 88:456-64. [PMID: 20555414 DOI: 10.1139/y10-021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Higher concentrations of circulating lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides) and their decreased catabolism pose a major risk in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Although statins are widely used for treatment of hyperlipidemia, side effects associated with their use have prompted the search for a safer alternative for treating hyperlipidemia. The present study investigated the effect of water-soluble compounds in Abana (WSCA), a polyherbal drug formulation traditionally used in India for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, on lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. WSCA reduced cholesterol and triglyceride content in the cells and their supernatant. WSCA inhibited the incorporation of [2-14C]acetate into cellular cholesterol and fatty acids, suggesting the inhibition of lipid synthesis. In addition, WSCA inhibited HMG-CoA reductase, a key metabolic enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. WSCA also increased cholesterol and fatty acid secretion into the cell supernatant, suggesting the enhanced removal of cholesterol and fatty acids. Furthermore, WSCA showed decreased linoleic acid (18:2) and arachidonic acid (20:4) content in HepG2 cells. The present study is the first to show that WSCA simultaneously inhibited cellular cholesterol biosynthesis and increased cholesterol secretion into the cell supernatant in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyakumar Vidyashankar
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Research and Development, The Himalaya Drug Company, Makali, Bangalore 562 123, India.
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Charrouf Z, Guillaume D. Should the amazigh diet (regular and moderate argan-oil consumption) have a beneficial impact on human health? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2010; 50:473-7. [PMID: 20373191 DOI: 10.1080/10408390802544520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Virgin argan oil, cosmetic or dietary grade, is prepared by cold-pressing the kernels of argan fruits. Both types of oil, traditionally used by the amazighs (the argan grove traditional dwellers), are now available on the shelves of the most-developed country stores. Argan oil contains a high level of oleic and linoleic acid and is also particularly rich in phenols. Since these metabolites are currently considered as essential to explain some of the protective effects against cancer and coronary heart disease attributed to other oils, similar effects can be expected from argan oil consumption as suggested by the amazigh medicine claims. Interestingly, argan oil content in gamma -tocopherol is much higher than that of any other oils. gamma -Tocopherol has recently been shown to possess strong chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory properties. This indicates that argan oil should readily find a place of choice amid the most profitable oils for human health. Because of its reduced geographical origin, the chemical composition (major as well as minor components) of argan oil is also highly reproducible. Therefore argan oil consumption should confer health benefits in a reliable and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoubida Charrouf
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Plantes, Faculte des Sciences Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco.
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38
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Anti-diabetic effects of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) essential oil on glucose- and lipid-regulating enzymes in type 2 diabetic mice. Br J Nutr 2010; 104:180-8. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510001765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) essential oil (LBEO) on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and its hypoglycaemic effect in db/db mice were investigated. LBEO scavenged 97 % of DPPH radicals at a 270-fold dilution. Mice administered LBEO (0·015 mg/d) for 6 weeks showed significantly reduced blood glucose (65 %; P < 0·05) and TAG concentrations, improved glucose tolerance, as assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test, and significantly higher serum insulin levels, compared with the control group. The hypoglycaemic mechanism of LBEO was further explored via gene and protein expression analyses using RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Among all glucose metabolism-related genes studied, hepatic glucokinase and GLUT4, as well as adipocyte GLUT4, PPAR-γ, PPAR-α and SREBP-1c expression, were significantly up-regulated, whereas glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression was down-regulated in the livers of the LBEO group. The results further suggest that LBEO administered at low concentrations is an efficient hypoglycaemic agent, probably due to enhanced glucose uptake and metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue and the inhibition of gluconeogenesis in the liver.
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39
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Biological activities of phenolic compounds present in virgin olive oil. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:458-79. [PMID: 20386648 PMCID: PMC2852848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11020458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower incidence of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases and certain types of cancer. The apparent health benefits have been partially ascribed to the dietary consumption of virgin olive oil by Mediterranean populations. Much research has focused on the biologically active phenolic compounds naturally present in virgin olive oils to aid in explaining reduced mortality and morbidity experienced by people consuming a traditional Mediterranean diet. Studies (human, animal, in vivo and in vitro) have demonstrated that olive oil phenolic compounds have positive effects on certain physiological parameters, such as plasma lipoproteins, oxidative damage, inflammatory markers, platelet and cellular function, antimicrobial activity and bone health. This paper summarizes current knowledge on the bioavailability and biological activities of olive oil phenolic compounds.
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Fatty acid, triglyceride and tocopherol composition of Algerian Argan (Argania spinosa) fruit seed lipids. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12349-009-0058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Samane S, Christon R, Dombrowski L, Turcotte S, Charrouf Z, Lavigne C, Levy E, Bachelard H, Amarouch H, Marette A, Haddad PS. Fish oil and argan oil intake differently modulate insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in a rat model of dietary-induced obesity. Metabolism 2009; 58:909-19. [PMID: 19394055 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the potential metabolic benefits of fish oil (FO) or vegetable argan oil (AO) intake in a dietary model of obesity-linked insulin resistance. Rats were fed a standard chow diet (controls), a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet, or an HFHS diet in which 6% of the fat was replaced by either FO or AO feeding, respectively. The HFHS diet increased adipose tissue weight and insulin resistance as revealed by increased fasting glucose and exaggerated glycemic and insulin responses to a glucose tolerance test (intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test). Fish oil feeding prevented fat accretion, reduced fasting glycemia, and normalized glycemic or insulin responses to intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test as compared with HFHS diet. Unlike FO consumption, AO intake failed to prevent obesity, yet restored fasting glycemia back to chow-fed control values. Insulin-induced phosphorylation of Akt and Erk in adipose tissues, skeletal muscles, and liver was greatly attenuated in HFHS rats as compared with chow-fed controls. High-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced insulin resistance was also confirmed in isolated hepatocytes. Fish oil intake prevented insulin resistance by improving or fully restoring insulin signaling responses in all tissues and isolated hepatocytes. Argan oil intake also improved insulin-dependent phosphorylations of Akt and Erk; and in adipose tissue, these responses were increased even beyond values observed in chow-fed controls. Taken together, these results strongly support the beneficial action of FO on diet-induced insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, an effect likely explained by the ability of FO to prevent HFHS-induced adiposity. Our data also show for the first time that AO can improve some of the metabolic and insulin signaling abnormalities associated with HFHS feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Samane
- Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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A new insight into resveratrol as an atheroprotective compound: inhibition of lipid peroxidation and enhancement of cholesterol efflux. Atherosclerosis 2009; 207:420-7. [PMID: 19552907 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2009] [Revised: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol, a polyphenolic constituent of red wine, is known for its anti-atherogenic properties and is thought to be beneficial in reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, the mechanism of action by which it exerts its anti-atherogenic effect remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the antioxidant effects of resveratrol and its ability to promote cholesterol efflux. We measured the formation of conjugated dienes and the rate of lipid peroxidation, and observed that resveratrol inhibited copper- and irradiation-induced LDL and HDL oxidation as observed by a reduction in oxidation rate and an increase in the lag phase (p<0.05). We used DPPH screening to measure free radical scavenging activity and observed that resveratrol (0-50microM) significantly reduced the content of free radicals (p<0.001). Respect to its effect on cholesterol homeostasis, resveratrol also enhanced apoA-1-mediated cholesterol efflux (r(2)=0.907, p<0.05, linear regression) by up-regulating ABCA-1 receptors, and reduced cholesterol influx or uptake in J774 macrophages (r(2)=0.89, p<0.05, linear regression). Incubation of macrophages (J774, THP-1 and MPM) with Fe/ascorbate ion, attenuated apoA-1 and HDL(3)-mediated cholesterol efflux whereas resveratrol (0-25microM) significantly redressed this attenuation in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.001). Resveratrol thus appears to be a natural antioxidant that enhances cholesterol efflux. These properties make it a potential natural antioxidant that could be used to prevent and treat CVD.
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44
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Cicerale S, Conlan XA, Sinclair AJ, Keast RSJ. Chemistry and health of olive oil phenolics. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2009; 49:218-36. [PMID: 19093267 DOI: 10.1080/10408390701856223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower incidence of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer. The apparent health benefits have been partially attributed to the dietary consumption of virgin olive oil by Mediterranean populations. Most recent interest has focused on the biologically active phenolic compounds naturally present in virgin olive oils. Studies (human, animal, in vivo and in vitro) have shown that olive oil phenolics have positive effects on certain physiological parameters, such as plasma lipoproteins, oxidative damage, inflammatory markers, platelet and cellular function, and antimicrobial activity. Presumably, regular dietary consumption of virgin olive oil containing phenolic compounds manifests in health benefits associated with a Mediterranean diet. This paper summarizes current knowledge on the physiological effects of olive oil phenolics. Moreover, a number of factors have the ability to affect phenolic concentrations in virgin olive oil, so it is of great importance to understand these factors in order to preserve the essential health promoting benefits of olive oil phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cicerale
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
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45
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de Lima Portella R, Barcelos RP, de Bem AF, Carratu VS, Bresolin L, da Rocha JBT, Soares FAA. Oximes as inhibitors of low density lipoprotein oxidation. Life Sci 2008; 83:878-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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46
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Marfil R, Cabrera-Vique C, Giménez R, Bouzas PR, Martínez O, Sánchez JA. Metal content and physicochemical parameters used as quality criteria in virgin argan oil: influence of the extraction method. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:7279-7284. [PMID: 18662006 DOI: 10.1021/jf801002w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal content was determined in 26 samples of virgin argan oil from Morocco. An ETA-AAS with previous sample dilution with MIBK technique was used. In oil obtained by traditional method, Fe ranged from 0.8 to 4.0 mg/kg, Cu from 160.4 to 695.7 microg/kg, Cr from 10.3 to 55.3 microg/kg, Mn from 18.1 to 70.8 microg/kg, and Pb from 28.5 to 450.0 microg/kg. In oil obtained by a half-industrialized method, Fe ranged from 0.8 to 1.7 mg/kg, Cu from 158.4 to 385.0 microg/kg, Cr from 10.0 to 48.1 microg/kg, Mn from 15.0 to 68.5 microg/kg, and Pb from 32.0 to 100.0 microg/kg. Acidity value, peroxide index, K270 and K232, humidity and sludge volatile, and insoluble sludges in petroleum ether were also determined. A high variability in these quality parameters and a decrease of the quality in the oils obtained by the traditional method were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Marfil
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja, C.P. 18012, Granada, Spain
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Kralova Lesna I, Suchanek P, Kovar J, Stavek P, Poledne R. Replacement of dietary saturated FAs by PUFAs in diet and reverse cholesterol transport. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:2414-8. [PMID: 18614815 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m800271-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intervention is the first and usually successful approach in the treatment of high LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration, but it is frequently accompanied by a decrease in HDL concentration. We studied 14 male volunteers on two different diets, high saturated fatty acid (SFA) and high PUFA, in a crossover design to test whether a decrease in HDL can affect reverse cholesterol transport from relabeled macrophages. A significant decrease of LDL-C (in mmol/l) after a PUFA diet compared with an SFA diet from 3.15 +/- 0.65 to 2.80 +/- 0.56 (P < 0.01) was accompanied by a significant decrease of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (in mmol/l) from 1.21 +/- 0.30 to 1.10 +/- 0.32 (P < 0.05). These changes did not affect cholesterol efflux (CHE) from macrophages (9.74 +/- 1.46% vs. 9.53 +/- 1.41%). There was no correlation between individual changes of HDL-C and changes of CHE. It is concluded that the decrease of HDL-C after successful dietary intervention of LDL-C is not accompanied by a decrease of CHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kralova Lesna
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Prague, Czech Republic.
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48
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Charrouf Z, Guillaume D. Argan oil: Occurrence, composition and impact on human health. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200700220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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49
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Amzal H, Alaoui K, Tok S, Errachidi A, Charof R, Cherrah Y, Benjouad A. Protective effect of saponins from Argania spinosa against free radical-induced oxidative haemolysis. Fitoterapia 2008; 79:337-44. [PMID: 18514434 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Saponins from Argania spinosa at a non-haemolytic concentration diminish by 53.2% erythrocyte haemolysis induced by free radicals. 2 mM aspirin and acetaminophen diminish by 75% and 68% , respectively, erythrocyte haemolysis induced by free radicals, while 0.3 microM vitamin E shows no significant antioxidant activity. Interestingly, a combination of 1 mg/l of A. spinosa saponins and vitamin E at 0.3 microM resulted in a 68% level of protection against free radical-induced erythrocyte haemolysis, which may suggest that A. spinosa saponins enhance the antioxidant effect of vitamin E. In contrast, no synergic effect was observed for acetaminophen (2 mM) when in combination with vitamin E (0.3 microM). These results demonstrate the antioxidant properties of saponins from A. spinosa and their ability to potentate the antioxidant effect of vitamin E.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Amzal
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Immunologie, Faculté des Sciences, Avenue Ibn Batouta, BP 1014 Rabat, Morocco
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