1
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Takase M, Nakaya N, Nakamura T, Kogure M, Hatanaka R, Nakaya K, Chiba I, Kanno I, Nochioka K, Tsuchiya N, Hirata T, Hamanaka Y, Sugawara J, Kobayashi T, Fuse N, Uruno A, Kodama EN, Kuriyama S, Tsuji I, Hozawa A. Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis: Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-Based Cohort Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1471-1482. [PMID: 36775331 PMCID: PMC10564640 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We examined the association between the carotid intima medica thickness (cIMT) and risk factors for atherosclerosis based on the Japan Atherosclerosis Society 2022 Atherosclerosis Prevention Guideline. METHODS Using data from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based Cohort Study, we performed a cross-sectional study that enrolled 13,366 participants (age ≥ 20 years) with an analysis of covariance to assess associations between cIMT and risk factors for atherosclerosis. The maximum common carotid artery was measured using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. Analysis was conducted in the model adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, drinking status, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and height. RESULTS In this study cohort, the average age and cIMT were 57.3 (13.8) years and 0.61 (0.13) mm, respectively, which included 3,988 males (29.8%). Males had a higher cIMT than did the females. Age, height, BMI, SBP, HbA1c, and non-HDL-C were positively associated with cIMT. HDL-C was inversely associated with cIMT. Compared with never drinkers, current drinkers (≥ 46.0 g/day) had a significantly decreased cIMT. CONCLUSIONS The cIMT was associated with atherosclerosis risk factors including age, sex, BMI, SBP, HbA1c, non-HDL-C, and HDL-C, and adequate control of risks in high-risk individuals might be required to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Takase
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rieko Hatanaka
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kumi Nakaya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ippei Chiba
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikumi Kanno
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nochioka
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naho Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yohei Hamanaka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Eiichi N Kodama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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2
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Gaisenok OV. What Is Hidden Behind The Gender Differences Of Carotid Atherosclerosis? RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2022.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article reveals possible causes that may underlie gender differences of carotid atherosclerosis: vascular anatomy, localization and morphology of atherosclerotic plaques, different effects and prevalence of known risk factors between genders (arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, depression / stress). A separate place in the review is given to markers of inflammation and the protective effect of female sex hormones.
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3
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Brust JC. Stroke and Substance Abuse. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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4
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Voutilainen A, Brester C, Kolehmainen M, Tuomainen TP. Effects of data preprocessing on results of the epidemiological analysis of coronary heart disease and behaviour-related risk factors. Ann Med 2021; 53:890-899. [PMID: 34159863 PMCID: PMC8231358 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1921838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We carried out this study to demonstrate the effects of outcome sensitivity, participant exclusions, and covariate manipulations on results of the epidemiological analysis of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its behaviour-related risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our study population consisted of 1592 54-year-old men, who participated in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study. We used the Cox proportional-hazards model to predict the hazard of CHD and applied different sets of outcomes concerning outcome sensitivity and data preprocessing procedures regarding participant exclusions and covariate manipulations. RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 23 years, and 730 men received the CHD diagnosis. Cox regressions based on data with no participant exclusions most often discovered statistically significant associations. Loose inclusion criteria for study participants with any CVD during the follow-up and strict exclusion criteria for participants with no CVD were best in discovering the associations between risk factors and CHD. Outcome sensitivity affected the associations, whereas the covariate type, continuous or categorical, did not. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that excluding study participants who are not disease-free at baseline is probably unnecessary for epidemiological analyses. Epidemiological research reports should present results based on no data exclusions together with results based on reasoned exclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Christina Brester
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Kolehmainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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5
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Frigerio B, Werba JP, Amato M, Ravani A, Sansaro D, Coggi D, Vigo L, Tremoli E, Baldassarre D. Traditional Risk Factors are Causally Related to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression: Inferences from Observational Cohort Studies and Interventional Trials. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:11-24. [PMID: 31838990 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191213120339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present review, associations between traditional vascular risk factors (VRFs) and carotid intimamedial thickness progression (C-IMTp) as well as the effects of therapies for VRFs control on C-IMTp were appraised to infer causality between each VRF and C-IMTp. Cohort studies indicate that smoking, binge drinking, fatness, diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia are associated with accelerated C-IMTp. An exception is physical activity, with mixed data. Interventions for the control of obesity, diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia decelerate C-IMTp. Conversely, scarce information is available regarding the effect of smoking cessation, stop of excessive alcohol intake and management of the metabolic syndrome. Altogether, these data support a causative role of several traditional VRFs on C-IMTp. Shortcomings in study design and/or ultrasonographic protocols may account for most negative studies, which underlines the importance of careful consideration of methodological aspects in investigations using C-IMTp as the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José P Werba
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Amato
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Coggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vigo
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
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6
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Wang Q. High-intensity binge drinking is associated with cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use among US adults aged 40-64 years: Findings from the 2017 BRFSS survey. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18:54. [PMID: 32587485 PMCID: PMC7309272 DOI: 10.18332/tid/122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to assess the association of cigarette smoking, including e-cigarette use, with level of binge drinking, especially high-intensity and extreme high-intensity binge drinking, among a nationally representative sample of middle-aged US adults. METHODS Data were derived from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The final sample consisted of 162748 respondents aged 40–64 years (48.7% male). Weighted distributions of sample characteristics were estimated by intensity of binge drinking. Pearson chi-squared tests were used to compare groups. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios to indicate the strength of the association between independent variables and each level of binge drinking. RESULTS In all, 2.3% and 0.7% of the sample reported high-intensity and extreme high-intensity binge drinking, respectively. Past-month high-intensity and extreme high-intensity binge drinking were reported in 36.3% and 45.0% of smokers, respectively. Mental distress was positively associated with both levels of high-intensity binge drinking; having multiple chronic health conditions was negatively associated with past-month high-intensity binge drinking. Smokers had 3.27 (95% CI: 2.69–3.98) and 4.14 (95% CI: 3.12–5.49) times greater odds of reporting past-month high-intensity and extreme high-intensity binge drinking, respectively. E-cigarette users had 1.56 (95% CI: 1.01–2.42) times increased odds of reporting past-month high-intensity binge drinking, but not extreme high-intensity binge drinking. The largest odds were seen among dual users reporting extreme high-intensity binge drinking (AOR=6.05; 95% CI: 3.78–9.68) in the past month. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use were potentially strong risk factors for high-intensity binge drinking, with cigarette smoking associated with extreme high-intensity binge drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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7
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Laguzzi F, Baldassarre D, Veglia F, Strawbridge RJ, Humphries SE, Rauramaa R, Smit AJ, Giral P, Silveira A, Tremoli E, Hamsten A, de Faire U, Frumento P, Leander K. Alcohol consumption in relation to carotid subclinical atherosclerosis and its progression: results from a European longitudinal multicentre study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:123-134. [PMID: 32206896 PMCID: PMC7867553 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02220-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim The association between alcohol consumption and subclinical atherosclerosis is still unclear. Using data from a European multicentre study, we assess subclinical atherosclerosis and its 30-month progression by carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) measurements, and correlate this information with self-reported data on alcohol consumption. Methods Between 2002–2004, 1772 men and 1931 women aged 54–79 years with at least three risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) were recruited in Italy, France, Netherlands, Sweden, and Finland. Self-reported alcohol consumption, assessed at baseline, was categorized as follows: none (0 g/d), very-low (0 − 5 g/d), low (> 5 to ≤ 10 g/d), moderate (> 10 to ≤ 20 g/d for women, > 10 to ≤ 30 g/d for men) and high (> 20 g/d for women, > 30 g/d for men). C-IMT was measured in millimeters at baseline and after 30 months. Measurements consisted of the mean and maximum values of the common carotids (CC), internal carotid artery (ICA), and bifurcations (Bif) and whole carotid tree. We used quantile regression to describe the associations between C-IMT measures and alcohol consumption categories, adjusting for sex, age, physical activity, education, smoking, diet, and latitude. Results Adjusted differences between median C-IMT values in different levels of alcohol consumption (vs. very-low) showed that moderate alcohol consumption was associated with lower C-IMTmax[− 0.17(95%CI − 0.32; − 0.02)], and Bif-IMTmean[− 0.07(95%CI − 0.13; − 0.01)] at baseline and decreasing C-IMTmean[− 0.006 (95%CI − 0.011; − 0.000)], Bif-IMTmean[− 0.016(95%CI − 0.027; − 0.005)], ICA-IMTmean[− 0.009(95% − 0.016; − 0.002)] and ICA-IMTmax[− 0.016(95%: − 0.032; − 0.000)] after 30 months. There was no evidence of departure from linearity in the association between alcohol consumption and C-IMT. Conclusion In this European population at high risk of CVD, findings show an inverse relation between moderate alcohol consumption and carotid subclinical atherosclerosis and its 30-month progression, independently of several potential confounders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00394-020-02220-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steve E Humphries
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Andries J Smit
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Giral
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service Endocrinologie-Métabolisme, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, Unités de Prévention Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France
| | - Angela Silveira
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Frumento
- Unit of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Mahajan H, Choo J, Masaki K, Fujiyoshi A, Guo J, Hisamatsu T, Evans R, Shangguan S, Willcox B, Okamura T, Vishnu A, Barinas-Mitchell E, Ahuja V, Miura K, Kuller L, Shin C, Ueshima H, Sekikawa A. Association of alcohol consumption and aortic calcification in healthy men aged 40-49 years for the ERA JUMP Study. Atherosclerosis 2018; 268:84-91. [PMID: 29195109 PMCID: PMC5869702 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several studies have reported a significant inverse association of light to moderate alcohol consumption with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, studies assessing the relationship between alcohol consumption and atherosclerosis have reported inconsistent results. The current study was conducted to determine the relationship between alcohol consumption and aortic calcification. METHODS We addressed the research question using data from the population-based ERA-JUMP Study, comprising of 1006 healthy men aged 40-49 years, without clinical cardiovascular diseases, from four race/ethnicities: 301 Whites, 103 African American, 292 Japanese American, and 310 Japanese in Japan. Aortic calcification was assessed by electron-beam computed tomography and quantified using the Agatston method. Alcohol consumption was categorized into four groups: 0 (non-drinkers), ≤1 (light drinkers), >1 to ≤3 (moderate drinkers) and >3 drinks per day (heavy drinkers) (1 drink = 12.5 g of ethanol). Tobit conditional regression and ordinal logistic regression were used to investigate the association of alcohol consumption with aortic calcification after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and potential confounders. RESULTS The study participants consisted of 25.6% nondrinkers, 35.3% light drinkers, 23.5% moderate drinkers, and 15.6% heavy drinkers. Heavy drinkers [Tobit ratio (95% CI) = 2.34 (1.10, 4.97); odds ratio (95% CI) = 1.67 (1.11, 2.52)] had significantly higher expected aortic calcification score compared to nondrinkers, after adjusting for socio-demographic and confounding variables. There was no significant interaction between alcohol consumption and race/ethnicity on aortic calcification. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that heavy alcohol consumption may be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Mahajan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Jina Choo
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kamal Masaki
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - Akira Fujiyoshi
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Jingchuan Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Takashi Hisamatsu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Rhobert Evans
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Siyi Shangguan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bradley Willcox
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - Tomonori Okamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Abhishek Vishnu
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emma Barinas-Mitchell
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vasudha Ahuja
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Lewis Kuller
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chol Shin
- Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea, University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Akira Sekikawa
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Shirpoor A. Ethanol and the Cardiovascular System: Friend or Enemy? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 42:244-247. [PMID: 29121392 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shirpoor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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10
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Britton A, Hardy R, Kuh D, Deanfield J, Charakida M, Bell S. Twenty-year trajectories of alcohol consumption during midlife and atherosclerotic thickening in early old age: findings from two British population cohort studies. BMC Med 2016; 14:111. [PMID: 27473049 PMCID: PMC4967336 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence indicates a protective effect of light-moderate drinking on cardiovascular disease and an increased risk for heavier drinking. Nevertheless, the effect of alcohol on atherosclerotic changes in vessel walls is disputed. Most previous studies have only looked at the cross-sectional relationship between alcohol and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) - a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis. Single measurements of alcohol assume that alcohol exposure is stable and ignore the possible cumulative effects of harm, leading to possibly incorrect inferences. METHODS Data were retrieved from two UK population based cohort studies: the Whitehall II cohort of civil servants and the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (combined sample size of 5403 men and women). Twenty year-drinking trajectories during midlife were linked to measures of cIMT when participants were in early old age, and adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position, ethnicity and smoking. RESULTS Those who consistently drank heavily had an increased cIMT compared to stable moderate drinkers (pooled difference in cIMT 0.021 mm; 95 % CI 0.002 to 0.039), after adjustment for covariates. This was not detected in cross-sectional analyses. Former drinkers also had an increased cIMT compared to moderate drinkers (pooled difference in cIMT 0.021; 95 % CI 0.005 to 0.037). There were no appreciable differences in cIMT between non-drinkers and consistent moderate drinkers. CONCLUSION The drinking habits among adults during midlife affect the atherosclerotic process and sustained heavy drinking is associated with an increased cIMT compared to stable moderate drinkers. This finding was not seen when only using cross-sectional analyses, thus highlighting the importance of taking a life course approach. There was no evidence of a favourable atherosclerotic profile from stable moderate drinking compared to stable non-drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Britton
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Rebecca Hardy
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - John Deanfield
- National Centre for Cardiovascular Prevention and Outcomes, UCL, London, UK
| | - Marietta Charakida
- National Centre for Cardiovascular Prevention and Outcomes, UCL, London, UK
| | - Steven Bell
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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11
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Qu B, Qu T, Liu Y, Jia Y, Han X, Su J, Wang H, Liu L, Wang Z, Wang Y, Pan J, Ren G. Risk Factors Associated With Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in a Male Population With Chronic Alcohol Consumption: A Prospective Observational Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3322. [PMID: 27082578 PMCID: PMC4839822 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported a relationship between alcohol consumption and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). However, the exact associations between different severities of CIMT and dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, inflammatory immune markers, and oxidative markers associated with chronic alcohol consumption remain unknown. The aim of this study was to explore whether there are associations between different severities of CIMT and dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, inflammatory immune markers, and oxidative markers associated with chronic alcohol consumption. We enrolled 173 males with chronic alcohol consumption and categorized them into 2 groups: 104 chronic alcohol consumers with normal CIMT (group A) and 69 chronic alcohol consumers with increased CIMT (group B). Nonparametric statistics showed that age, body mass index (BMI), and serum TC, TG, Apo A1, and ApoB levels were significantly higher in group B than in group A (P = 0.002, 0.019, 0.021, 0.023, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). Additionally, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and HSP70 serum levels were significantly lower in group B than in group A (P = 0.023 and 0.017, respectively). A binary logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR: 1.077, 95% CI: 1.024-1.13, P = 0.004), ApoB (OR: 6.828, 95% CI: 1.506-30.956, P = 0.013), and TNF-α (OR: 0.999, 95% CI: 0.998-1.00) were independent risk factors associated with CIMT. The present study demonstrated that age, ApoB, and TNFα are independent risk factors associated with CIMT. Thus, older subjects with increased serum ApoB levels are more likely to present with increased CIMT, suggesting that age and ApoB promote such thickening and that TNFα downregulation might play a protective role against the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with chronic alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoge Qu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Taishan Hospital of Shandong Province; Taishan Medical College, Taian, Shandong (BQ, YL, YJ, XH, JS, HW, LL, ZW, YW, JP, GR); and Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China (TQ)
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Loh SH, Lee CY, Chen GS, Wu CH, Tsao CJ, Shih SJ, Chou CC, Tsai CS, Tsai YT. The Effect and Underlying Mechanism of Ethanol on Intracellular H(+) -Equivalent Membrane Transporters in Human Aorta Smooth Muscle Cells. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:2302-12. [PMID: 26577834 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of intracellular pH (pHi ) regulators, including Na(+) -H(+) exchanger (NHE), Na(+) -HCO3- co-transporter (NBC), Cl(-) /OH(-) exchanger (CHE), and Cl(-) /HCO3- exchanger (AE), have been confirmed in many mammalian cells. Alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disorder. The aims of the study were to identify the possible transmembrane pHi regulators and to explore the effects of ethanol (EtOH) (10 to 300 mM) on the resting pHi and pHi regulators in human aorta smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). METHODS HASMCs were obtained from patients undergoing heart transplant. The pHi was measured by microspectrofluorimetry with the pH-sensitive dye, BCECF-AM. RESULTS The following results are obtained. (i) In cultured HASMCs, the resting pHi was 7.19 ± 0.04 and 7.13 ± 0.02 for HEPES- and CO2 /HCO3--buffered solution, respectively. (ii) Two different Na(+) -dependent acid-equivalent extruders, including NHE and Na(+) -coupled HCO3- transporter, functionally coexisted. (iii) Two different Cl(-) -dependent acid loaders (CHE and AE) were functionally identified. (iv) EtOH induced a biphasic, concentration-dependent change in resting pHi (+0.25 pH unit at 100 mM but only +0.05 pH unit at 300 mM) in bicarbonate-buffered solution, while caused a concentration-dependent decrease in resting pHi (-0.06 pH unit at 300 mM) in HEPES-buffered solution. (v) The effect of EtOH on NHE activity was also biphasic: increase of 40% at lower concentration of 10 mM, followed by decrease of 30% at higher concentration of 300 mM. (vi) The increase in Na(+) -coupled HCO3- transporter activity by EtOH was concentration dependent. (vii) The effect of EtOH on CHE and AE activities was both biphasic: increase of ~25% at 30 mM, followed by decrease of 10 to 25% at 100 mM, and finally increase of 15 to 20% at 300 mM. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that 2 acid extruders and 2 acid loaders coexisted functionally in HASMCs and that EtOH induced a biphasic, concentration-dependent change in resting pHi by altering the activity of the 2 acid extruders, NHE and Na(+) -coupled HCO3- transporter, and the 2 acid loaders, CHE and AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hurng Loh
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gunng-Shinng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics and Pedodontics, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsia Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jun Tsao
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Jou Shih
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Chou
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sung Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ryu M, Gombojav B, Nam CM, Lee Y, Han K. Modifying effects of resting heart rate on the association of binge drinking with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older Korean men: the Kangwha Cohort Study. J Epidemiol 2014; 24:274-80. [PMID: 24705645 PMCID: PMC4074631 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20130101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although binge drinking and high resting heart rate independently affect cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk, the combined effect of these two risk factors and their interaction has rarely been studied. This study examined the association between binge drinking and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and evaluated the potential modifying effect on this association of resting heart rate in Korean men. METHODS Men aged 55 years or older in 1985 (n = 2600) were followed for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality for 20.8 years, until 2005. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality by binge drinking and resting heart rate using the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS Heavy binge drinkers (≥12 drinks on one occasion) with elevated resting heart rate (≥80 bpm) had a HR of 2.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47-3.45) for death from cardiovascular disease and 1.37 (95% CI, 0.87-2.14) for all-cause mortality compared to the reference group (non-drinking and resting heart rate 61-79 bpm). The HRs of dying from cardiovascular disease increased linearly from 1.36 to 1.52, 1.71, and 2.25 among individuals with resting heart rate greater than or equal to 80 bpm within the four alcohol consumption categories (non-drinking, non-binge, moderate binge, and heavy binge), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that, among older Korean men, heavy binge drinkers with an elevated resting heart rate are at high risk for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyung Ryu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine
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Shirpoor A, Salami S, Khadem Ansari MH, Ilkhanizadeh B, Abdollahzadeh N. Ethanol promotes rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via increase of homocysteine and oxidized-low-density lipoprotein. J Cardiol 2013; 62:374-8. [PMID: 23849887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased levels of homocysteine and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) are considered independent risk factors for atherosclerosis. However, no previous study has examined the effects of ethanol-induced increase of homocysteine and Ox-LD on aortic vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between ethanol consumption, increase in homocysteine, Ox-LDL, and aortic VSMC proliferation in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS To address this issue, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, sham, and ethanol-treated. Homocysteine, Ox-LDL, lipid profile, and aortic VSMC proliferation were assessed after 42 days. The results revealed a concurrent, significant increase in homocysteine and Ox-LDL levels, lipid profile levels, and aortic VSMC proliferation in the ethanol-treated group compared with the control and sham groups. CONCLUSION Based on these results, we conclude that ethanol apparently exerts aortic VSMC proliferation through increase in homocysteine and Ox-LDL-mediated oxidative stress, which in turn trigger proatherogenic changes in the aortic wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shirpoor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, 5756115111, Iran.
| | - Siamak Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 5756115111, Iran
| | | | - Behrouz Ilkhanizadeh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, 5756115111, Iran
| | - Naseh Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, 5756115111, Iran
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Bauer M, Delaney JAC, Möhlenkamp S, Jöckel KH, Kronmal RA, Lehmann N, Mukamal KJ, Moebus S, Polak JF, Dragano N, Budoff MJ, Erbel R, McClelland RL. Comparison of factors associated with carotid intima-media thickness in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study (HNR). J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2013; 26:667-73. [PMID: 23611058 PMCID: PMC3694173 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a valid method to quantify levels of atherosclerosis. The present study was conducted to compare the strengths of associations between CIMT and cardiovascular risk factors in two different populations. METHODS The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study (HNR) are two population-based prospective cohort studies of subclinical cardiovascular disease. All Caucasian subjects aged 45 to 75 years from these cohorts who were free of baseline cardiovascular disease (n = 2,820 in HNR, n = 2,270 in MESA) were combined. CIMT images were obtained using B-mode sonography at the right and left common carotid artery and measured 1 cm starting from the bulb. RESULTS In both studies, age, male sex, and systolic blood pressure showed the strongest association (P < .0001 for each) for a higher CIMT. The mean of mean far wall CIMT was slightly higher in MESA participants (0.71 vs 0.67 mm). Almost all significant variables were consistent between the two cohorts in both magnitude of association with CIMT and statistical significance, including age, sex, smoking, diabetes, cholesterol levels, and blood pressure. For example, the association with systolic blood pressure was (ΔSD = 0.011; 95% confidence interval, 0.0009 to 0.014) per mm Hg in MESA and (ΔSD = 0.010; 95% confidence interval, 0.005 to 0.021) per mm Hg in HNR. This consistency persisted throughout the traditional (Framingham) risk factors. CONCLUSIONS A comparison of the associations between traditional cardiovascular risk factors and CIMT across two culturally diverse populations showed remarkable consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Bauer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Jiang CQ, Xu L, Lam TH, Thomas GN, Zhang WS, Cheng KK, Schooling CM. Alcohol consumption and aortic arch calcification in an older Chinese sample: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Int J Cardiol 2011; 164:349-54. [PMID: 21813196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between alcohol consumption and aortic arch calcification (AAC) in an older Chinese sample. METHODS In 27,844 older people aged 50-85, socioeconomic position and lifestyle factors were assessed by a questionnaire. The presence and severity of AAC were diagnosed from chest X-ray by two experienced radiologists. RESULTS In men, the risk for AAC increased significantly in frequent or excessive drinkers [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-1.59) and 1.49 (1.21-1.83) for those who drank >5 times/week and those who drank excessively, respectively] (P for trend from 0.002 to 0.001). When AAC was analyzed as an outcome variable with 3 categories of severity, significant dose-response relations between the severity of AAC and alcohol consumption were observed, with those who drank frequently (>5/week) or excessively having more serious AAC (P for trend=0.03 and 0.02, respectively). No significant association was found in women as few drank excessively. CONCLUSION The presence and severity of AAC were associated with quantity or frequency of alcohol consumption in a dose-response pattern, suggesting that alcohol drinking, even when moderate, has no benefit for AAC. Excessive drinking increased the risk of AAC by 50% compared to never drinkers.
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Strat YL, Gorwood P. Hazardous Drinking Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: Results from a National Representative Sample. Am J Addict 2011; 20:257-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00125.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Hillbom M, Saloheimo P, Juvela S. Alcohol Consumption, Blood Pressure, and the Risk of Stroke. Curr Hypertens Rep 2011; 13:208-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-011-0194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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