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Minanni CA, Machado-Lima A, Iborra RT, Okuda LS, de Souza Pinto R, Santana MDFM, Lira ALDA, Nakandakare ER, Côrrea-Giannella MLC, Passarelli M. Persistent Effect of Advanced Glycated Albumin Driving Inflammation and Disturbances in Cholesterol Efflux in Macrophages. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103633. [PMID: 34684632 PMCID: PMC8537611 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycated albumin (AGE-albumin) impairs cholesterol efflux and contributes to inflammation in macrophages. The current study evaluated: (1) the persistence of the deleterious effect of AGE-albumin in cholesterol efflux and in inflammation, and (2) how metabolic control in diabetes mellitus (DM) contributes to attenuate the deleterious role of AGE-albumin in macrophage cholesterol homeostasis. Methods: AGE-albumin was produced in vitro or isolated from uncontrolled DM subjects' serum before (bGC) and after improved glycemic control (aGC). Albumin samples were incubated with bone marrow-derived macrophages and 14C-cholesterol efflux or LPS- induced cytokine secretion were determined immediately, or after cell resting in culture media alone. The ABCA-1 degradation rate was determined after cell incubation with cycloheximide, and ABCA1 protein level by immunoblot. Oil Red O staining was used to assess intracellular lipid accumulation. Results: A persistent effect of AGE-albumin was observed in macrophages in terms of the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and reduced cholesterol efflux. HDL-mediated 14C-cholesterol efflux was at least two times higher in macrophages treated with aCG-albumin as compared to bGC-albumin, and intracellular lipid content was significantly reduced in aGC-albumin-treated cells. As compared to bGC-albumin, the ABCA-1 protein content in whole cell bulk was 94% higher in aCG-albumin. A 20% increased ABCA-1 decay rate was observed in macrophages treated with albumin from poorly controlled DM. AGE-albumin has a persistent deleterious effect on macrophage lipid homeostasis and inflammation. The reduction of AGEs in albumin ameliorates cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos André Minanni
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Adriana Machado-Lima
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Envelhecimento, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo 03166-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Tallada Iborra
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo 03166-000, Brazil
| | - Lígia Shimabukuro Okuda
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
| | - Raphael de Souza Pinto
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
| | - Monique de Fátima Mello Santana
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
| | - Aécio Lopes de Araújo Lira
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
| | - Edna Regina Nakandakare
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
| | - Maria Lúcia Cardillo Côrrea-Giannella
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (C.A.M.); (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (L.S.O.); (R.d.S.P.); (M.d.F.M.S.); (A.L.d.A.L.); (E.R.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Dardashti Pour E, Yaghobian F, Dehghan F, Azarbayjani MA. Forecast of ameliorating effect of dietary flavonol consumption in white tea with or without aerobic training on type 2 diabetes (T2D) in females. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 45:134-140. [PMID: 34620309 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diabetes Mellitus (D.M.) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient or inefficient insulin secretory response that has become a widespread epidemic primarily due to the increasing prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Phytochemicals such as flavonoids and regular physical activity have recently attracted attention to developing new anti-diabetic drugs or alternative therapy to control diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare effects of dietary Flavonol consumption in white tea, with or without aerobic training, among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as a randomized trial. METHODS 49 women with T2D were randomly assigned into groups including control, white tea, aerobic training, and aerobic training + white tea. The interventions were carried out for six months. Weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), body Fat, peak oxygen consumption (VO2Max), and Blood Pressure were evaluated at both the first and last days of the research period. Blood samples were withdrawn on the same days via venipuncture to test blood glucose, insulin, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol, and triglycerides (T.G.). RESULTS Characteristics analysis showed significant improvements in treated groups. In addition, glucose, insulin, LDL, Cholesterol, and T.G. were significantly reduced while HDL was remarkably increased in treated groups compared to pre-experiment values or the diabetic control group. CONCLUSION Collectively, white tea combined with aerobic training favorably affects glycemic parameters, lipid profile, blood pressure, and VO2Max in six months in women with T2D. Registered under Clinical Trials.gov Identifier no. NCT00123456.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Dardashti Pour
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Yaghobian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Dehghan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Grewal T, Rentero C, Enrich C, Wahba M, Raabe CA, Rescher U. Annexin Animal Models-From Fundamental Principles to Translational Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073439. [PMID: 33810523 PMCID: PMC8037771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Routine manipulation of the mouse genome has become a landmark in biomedical research. Traits that are only associated with advanced developmental stages can now be investigated within a living organism, and the in vivo analysis of corresponding phenotypes and functions advances the translation into the clinical setting. The annexins, a family of closely related calcium (Ca2+)- and lipid-binding proteins, are found at various intra- and extracellular locations, and interact with a broad range of membrane lipids and proteins. Their impacts on cellular functions has been extensively assessed in vitro, yet annexin-deficient mouse models generally develop normally and do not display obvious phenotypes. Only in recent years, studies examining genetically modified annexin mouse models which were exposed to stress conditions mimicking human disease often revealed striking phenotypes. This review is the first comprehensive overview of annexin-related research using animal models and their exciting future use for relevant issues in biology and experimental medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Wahba
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Carsten A. Raabe
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
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Udhaya Kumar S, Thirumal Kumar D, Bithia R, Sankar S, Magesh R, Sidenna M, George Priya Doss C, Zayed H. Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes and Molecular Pathways in Familial Hypercholesterolemia Involved in Atherosclerosis: A Systematic and Bioinformatics Approach. Front Genet 2020; 11:734. [PMID: 32760426 PMCID: PMC7373787 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the major risk factor for the progression of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. This study focused on identifying the dysregulated molecular pathways and core genes that are differentially regulated in FH and to identify the possible genetic factors and potential underlying mechanisms that increase the risk to atherosclerosis in patients with FH. Methods: The Affymetrix microarray dataset (GSE13985) from the GEO database and the GEO2R statistical tool were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the white blood cells (WBCs) of five heterozygous FH patients and five healthy controls. The interaction between the DEGs was identified by applying the STRING tool and visualized using Cytoscape software. MCODE was used to determine the gene cluster in the interactive networks. The identified DEGs were subjected to the DAVID v6.8 webserver and ClueGo/CluePedia for functional annotation, such as gene ontology (GO) and enriched molecular pathway analysis of DEGs. Results: We investigated the top 250 significant DEGs (p-value < 0.05; fold two change ≥ 1 or ≤ -1). The GO analysis of DEGs with significant differences revealed that they are involved in critical biological processes and molecular pathways, such as myeloid cell differentiation, peptidyl-lysine modification, signaling pathway of MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor, and cell-cell adhesion. The analysis of enriched KEGG pathways revealed the association of the DEGs in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and cardiac muscle contraction. The genes involved in the molecular pathways were shown to be differentially regulated by either activating or inhibiting the genes that are essential for the canonical signaling pathways. Our study identified seven core genes (UQCR11, UBE2N, ADD1, TLN1, IRAK3, LY96, and MAP3K1) that are strongly linked to FH and lead to a higher risk of atherosclerosis. Conclusion: We identified seven core genes that represent potential molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis and might serve as a platform for developing therapeutics against both FH and atherosclerosis. However, functional studies are further needed to validate their role in the pathogenesis of FH and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Udhaya Kumar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - D. Thirumal Kumar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - R. Bithia
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Srivarshini Sankar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - R. Magesh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India
| | - Mariem Sidenna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - C. George Priya Doss
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, Qatar
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Altered HDL metabolism in metabolic disorders: insights into the therapeutic potential of HDL. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 133:2221-2235. [PMID: 31722013 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and are commonly characterized by a low plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Although cholesterol lowering medications reduce CVD risk in these patients, they often remain at increased risk of CVD. Therapeutic strategies that raise HDL-C levels and improve HDL function are a potential treatment option for reducing residual CVD risk in these individuals. Over the past decade, understanding of the metabolism and cardioprotective functions of HDLs has improved, with preclinical and clinical studies both indicating that the ability of HDLs to mediate reverse cholesterol transport, inhibit inflammation and reduce oxidation is impaired in metabolic disorders. These cardioprotective effects of HDLs are supported by the outcomes of epidemiological, cell and animal studies, but have not been confirmed in several recent clinical outcome trials of HDL-raising agents. Recent studies suggest that HDL function may be clinically more important than plasma levels of HDL-C. However, at least some of the cardioprotective functions of HDLs are lost in acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease patients. HDL dysfunction is also associated with metabolic abnormalities. This review is concerned with the impact of metabolic abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, obesity and Type 2 diabetes, on the metabolism and cardioprotective functions of HDLs.
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Luo F, Das A, Chen J, Wu P, Li X, Fang Z. Metformin in patients with and without diabetes: a paradigm shift in cardiovascular disease management. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:54. [PMID: 31029144 PMCID: PMC6486984 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With an increasing global burden of coronary artery disease (CAD), early detection and timely management of risk factors are crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality in such patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered an independent risk factor for the development of CAD. Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, has been shown in pre-clinical and clinical studies, to lower the cardiovascular events in the DM patients. Growing evidence suggests that metformin has a protective effect on coronary artery beyond its hypoglycemic effects. Given its global availability, route of administration and cost, metformin provides an alternate/additional therapeutic option for primary and secondary prevention of CAD in DM and non-diabetics alike. Future prospective cohort-based studies and randomized clinical trials are needed to identify 'at-risk' population who may potentially benefit from metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Avash Das
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Jingfei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Panyun Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Xiangping Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Zhenfei Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
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Generoso G, Bensenor IM, Santos IS, Santos RD, Goulart AC, Jones SR, Kulkarni KR, Blaha MJ, Toth PP, Lotufo PA, Bittencourt MS. Diabetes alters the association between high-density lipoprotein subfractions and carotid intima-media thickness: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Diab Vasc Dis Res 2018; 15:541-547. [PMID: 30024274 DOI: 10.1177/1479164118788080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-density lipoprotein cholesterol comprises a group of heterogeneous subfractions that might have differential effects on atherosclerosis. Moreover, prior investigations suggest that the presence of diabetes (T2D) modifies the impact of some subfractions on atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions and carotid intima-media thickness in the baseline assessment of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health participants from the São Paulo investigation centre. METHODS We evaluated 3930 individuals between 35 and 74 years without previous cardiovascular disease not using lipid-lowering drugs. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions (HDL2-C and HDL3-C) were measured by vertical ultracentrifugation (vertical auto profile). The relationship between each high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfraction and carotid intima-media thickness was analysed by multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as HDL2-C and HDL3-C, was negatively associated with carotid intima-media thickness after adjustment for demographic data (all p < 0.001) and traditional risk factors (all p < 0.05). When stratified by T2D status, the HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio showed a negative association with carotid intima-media thickness in participants with T2D ( p = 0.032), even after fully controlling for confounding variables, including total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSION HDL2-C, HDL3-C and HDL2/HDL3-C ratio are inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness after adjustment for traditional risk factors. Association of the HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio is modified by the presence of diabetes, being more pronounced in diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Generoso
- 1 Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 2 Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela M Bensenor
- 2 Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 3 Departamento de Clinica Medica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Itamar S Santos
- 2 Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 3 Departamento de Clinica Medica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul D Santos
- 1 Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra C Goulart
- 2 Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven R Jones
- 4 The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Michael J Blaha
- 4 The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter P Toth
- 4 The Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
- 6 Preventive Cardiology, CGH Medical Center, Sterling, IL, USA
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- 2 Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 3 Departamento de Clinica Medica, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Sommer Bittencourt
- 1 Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Cairns R, Fischer AW, Blanco-Munoz P, Alvarez-Guaita A, Meneses-Salas E, Egert A, Buechler C, Hoy AJ, Heeren J, Enrich C, Rentero C, Grewal T. Altered hepatic glucose homeostasis in AnxA6-KO mice fed a high-fat diet. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201310. [PMID: 30110341 PMCID: PMC6093612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A6 (AnxA6) controls cholesterol and membrane transport in endo- and exocytosis, and modulates triglyceride accumulation and storage. In addition, AnxA6 acts as a scaffolding protein for negative regulators of growth factor receptors and their effector pathways in many different cell types. Here we investigated the role of AnxA6 in the regulation of whole body lipid metabolism and insulin-regulated glucose homeostasis. Therefore, wildtype (WT) and AnxA6-knockout (KO) mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 17 weeks. During the course of HFD feeding, AnxA6-KO mice gained less weight compared to controls, which correlated with reduced adiposity. Systemic triglyceride and cholesterol levels of HFD-fed control and AnxA6-KO mice were comparable, with slightly elevated high density lipoprotein (HDL) and reduced triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) levels in AnxA6-KO mice. AnxA6-KO mice displayed a trend towards improved insulin sensitivity in oral glucose and insulin tolerance tests (OGTT, ITT), which correlated with increased insulin-inducible phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6) in liver extracts. However, HFD-fed AnxA6-KO mice failed to downregulate hepatic gluconeogenesis, despite similar insulin levels and insulin signaling activity, as well as expression profiles of insulin-sensitive transcription factors to controls. In addition, increased glycogen storage in livers of HFD- and chow-fed AnxA6-KO animals was observed. Together with an inability to reduce glucose production upon insulin exposure in AnxA6-depleted HuH7 hepatocytes, this implicates AnxA6 contributing to the fine-tuning of hepatic glucose metabolism with potential consequences for the systemic control of glucose in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Cairns
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander W. Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II: Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Blanco-Munoz
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Alvarez-Guaita
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elsa Meneses-Salas
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Egert
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrew J. Hoy
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Science, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II: Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (TG); (CR)
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail: (TG); (CR)
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9
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Fadini GP, Bonora BM, Zatti G, Vitturi N, Iori E, Marescotti MC, Albiero M, Avogaro A. Effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on HDL cholesterol, particle size, and cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:42. [PMID: 28376855 PMCID: PMC5379610 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) reduce glucose levels, body weight, and blood pressure, possibly resulting in cardiovascular protection. In phase III trials, SGLT2i were shown to increase HDL cholesterol. We aimed to evaluate whether the SGLT2i dapagliflozin affects HDL function in a randomized placebo-controlled trial. METHODS Thirty-three type 2 diabetic patients were randomized to receive dapagliflozin 10 mg or placebo for 12 weeks on top of their glucose lowering medications. The primary end-point was the change in cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) from macrophages at study end versus baseline. Secondary endpoints were changes in: distribution of HDL subfractions, lipid profile, activity of enzymes that mediate HDL antioxidant properties (PON1 and ARE) and cholesterol metabolism (CETP), HbA1c, body weight and composition. RESULTS Thirty-one patients completed the study, n = 16 in the placebo group and n = 15 in the dapagliflozin group. Patients randomized to dapagliflozin were older and had lower adiposity indexes, although these differences disappeared after correction for multiple testing. Therapy with dapagliflozin reduced HbA1c by 0.9% and body weight by 3.1 kg, mainly attributable to reduction of body water and lean mass. As compared to placebo, dapagliflozin reduced CEC (-6.7 ± 2.4 versus 0.3 ± 1.8%; p = 0.043), but this effect was no longer significant after adjusting for age and BMI. No change was detected in HDL cholesterol, HDL subfractions, activity of PON1, ARE, and CETP. CONCLUSIONS Despite improvements in glucose control and reduction in body weight, therapy with dapagliflozin exerted no significant effect on HDL cholesterol levels and HDL functionality. Trial registration EudraCT 2014-004270-42; NCT02327039.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
| | | | - Giancarlo Zatti
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitturi
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Iori
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
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Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) Seed Consumption And Aerobic Training Improves Biomarkers Associated with Atherosclerosis in Women with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Sci Rep 2016; 6:37819. [PMID: 27917862 PMCID: PMC5137030 DOI: 10.1038/srep37819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of atherosclerosis plaque biomarkers to purslane seed consumption and aerobic training in women with T2D. 196 women with T2D were assigned into; (1) placebo (PL), (2) aerobic training+placebo (AT + PL), 3) purslane seeds (PS), aerobic training+purslane seeds (AT + PS). The training program and purslane seeds consumption (2.5 g lunch and 5 g dinner) were carried out for 16 weeks. The components of purslane seed were identified and quantified by GC–MS. Blood samples were withdrawn via venipuncture to examine blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), creatinine, urea, uric acid, NF-κB, GLP1, GLP1R, TIMP-1, MMP2, MMP9, CRP, CST3, and CTSS expressions. Blood glucose, LDL, cholesterol, TG, creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels in the (P), (AT), and (AT + PS) groups were significantly decreased compared to the pre-experimental levels or the placebo group, while HDL, significantly increased. Furthermore, the protein and mRNA levels of NF-κB, TIMP-1, MMP2 &9, CRP, CST3, and CTSS in the (P), (AT), (AT + PS) significantly decreased compared to pre-experimental or the placebo group, while level of GLP1 and GLP1-R increased drastically. Findings suggest that purslane seed consumption alongside exercising could improve atherosclerosis plaque biomarkers through synergistically mechanisms in T2D.
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Dehghan F, Hajiaghaalipour F, Yusof A, Muniandy S, Hosseini SA, Heydari S, Salim LZA, Azarbayjani MA. Saffron with resistance exercise improves diabetic parameters through the GLUT4/AMPK pathway in-vitro and in-vivo. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25139. [PMID: 27122001 PMCID: PMC4848502 DOI: 10.1038/srep25139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Saffron is consumed as food and medicine to treat several illnesses. This study elucidates the saffron effectiveness on diabetic parameters in-vitro and combined with resistance exercise in-vivo. The antioxidant properties of saffron was examined. Insulin secretion and glucose uptake were examined by cultured RIN-5F and L6 myotubes cells. The expressions of GLUT2, GLUT4, and AMPKα were determined by Western blot. Diabetic and non-diabetic male rats were divided into: control, training, extract treatment, training + extract treatment and metformin. The exercise and 40 mg/kg/day saffron treatments were carried out for six weeks. The antioxidant capacity of saffron was higher compare to positive control (P < 0.01). High dose of saffron stimulated insulin release in RIN-5F cells and improved glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. GLUT4 and AMPKα expressions increased in both doses of saffron (P < 0.01), whereas GLUT2 not changed (p > 0.05). Serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin levels decreased in treated rats compared to untreated (p < 0.01). However, no significant differences were observed in the high-density lipoprotein, insulin, adiponectin, and leptin concentration levels in all groups (p > 0.05). The findings suggest that saffron consuming alongside exercise could improve diabetic parameters through redox-mediated mechanisms and GLUT4/AMPK pathway to entrap glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firouzeh Dehghan
- Department of Exercise Science, Sports Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ashril Yusof
- Department of Exercise Science, Sports Centre, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sekaran Muniandy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Heydari
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
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Arshadi S, Azarbayjani MA, Hajaghaalipor F, Yusof A, Peeri M, Bakhtiyari S, Stannard RS, Osman NAA, Dehghan F. Evaluation of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract in combination with swimming exercise compared to glibenclamide consumption on type 2 Diabetic rodents. Food Nutr Res 2015; 59:29717. [PMID: 26699937 PMCID: PMC4689800 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v59.29717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of fenugreek seed extract in combination with swimming exercise compared to glibenclamide consumption on type 2 diabetic rats. Design The acute toxicity test was carried out to choose the safe doses and identify the toxicity effects of the fenugreek seed extract. To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of the extract and its effect in combination with swimming training, 80 Wistar Kyoto male streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were divided randomly into eight groups: diabetic control (C); fenugreek seed extract 0.8 g/kg (F1); fenugreek extract 1.6 g/kg (F2); swimming training (S); swimming training plus fenugreek extract 0.8 g/kg (SF1); swimming training plus fenugreek extract 1.6 g/kg (SF2); glibenclamide (G) and swimming training plus glibenclamide (SG). The rats were orally administrated with the treatments once a day with the respective treatment, and the training groups were subjected to swimming training every day for 60 min. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, adiponectin, leptin, and insulin concentrations. Results The results obtained from acute toxicity study showed no toxicity effect of fenugreek seed extract on the tested dose. Biochemical analysis showed significant improvements in all of the groups compared to the control group (p<0.05). Plasma insulin concentration and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was significantly reduced in treated groups compared with the diabetic control group. Plasma leptin were significantly decreased in treated groups compared with the control group; while adiponectin had markedly increased (p<0.05). Conclusion The findings suggest that fenugreek seed consuming, alongside swimming exercise, has a strong therapeutic effect on the improvement of diabetic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Arshadi
- Exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Hajaghaalipor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ashril Yusof
- Department of Exercise Science, Sports Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maghsoud Peeri
- Exercise Physiology Department, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Bakhtiyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Robert S Stannard
- School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Noor Azuan Abu Osman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Firouzeh Dehghan
- Department of Exercise Science, Sports Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
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Kralova Lesna I, Rychlikova J, Vavrova L, Vybiral S. Could human cold adaptation decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease? J Therm Biol 2015; 52:192-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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