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Xu L, Li D, Song Z, Liu J, Zhou Y, Yang J, Wen P. The association between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and chronic kidney disease in a Chinese adult population: a cross-sectional study. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2331614. [PMID: 38522954 PMCID: PMC10962299 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2331614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) was confirmed as a novel inflammatory marker and strongly associated with the risk of several diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MHR and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a Chinese adult population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 232,775 community-dwelling adults in Binhai who completed health checkups in 2021 were enrolled. Participants were categorized based on the MHR quartiles. Clinical characteristics of participants across different groups were compared using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis h-test, and Chi-squared test as appropriate. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were taken to assess the relationship between MHR and the presence of CKD, as well as its association with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria. Subgroup analyses were further executed to confirm the reliability of this relationship. RESULTS A total of 21,014 (9.0%) individuals were diagnosed with CKD. Characteristic indicators including waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), serum uric acid (SUA), triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) showed a gradual increase with higher MHR quartiles, whereas parameters such as age, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and eGFR decreased (p < .001). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, we observed independent associations between MHR (per 1 SD increase) and CKD, as well as low eGFR and proteinuria, with odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of 1.206 (1.186-1.225), 1.289 (1.260-1.319), and 1.150 (1.129-1.171), respectively (p < .001). Similar conclusions were confirmed in subgroup analysis stratified by gender, age, BMI, central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, after justification for confounding factors. CONCLUSION Elevated MHR level was independently associated with the presence of CKD, suggesting that it might serve as a useful clinical tool for risk stratification, offering valuable insights to inform preventive and therapeutic approaches for clinicians in their routine medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongling Li
- Department of Nephrology, People’s Hospital of Binhai County, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongwei Song
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Ge X, Slütter B, Lambooij JM, Zhou E, Ying Z, Agirman C, Heijink M, Rimbert A, Guigas B, Kuiper J, Müller C, Bracher F, Giera M, Kooijman S, Rensen PC, Wang Y, Schönke M. DHCR24 inhibitor SH42 increases desmosterol without preventing atherosclerosis development in mice. iScience 2024; 27:109830. [PMID: 38770137 PMCID: PMC11103367 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver X receptor (LXR) is considered a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis treatment, but synthetic LXR agonists generally also cause hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia. Desmosterol, a final intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis, has been identified as a selective LXR ligand that suppresses inflammation without inducing lipogenesis. Δ24-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR24) converts desmosterol into cholesterol, and we previously showed that the DHCR24 inhibitor SH42 increases desmosterol to activate LXR and attenuate experimental peritonitis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of SH42 on atherosclerosis development in APOE∗3-Leiden.CETP mice and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) receptor knockout mice, models for lipid- and inflammation-driven atherosclerosis, respectively. In both models, SH42 increased desmosterol without affecting plasma lipids. While reducing liver lipids in APOE∗3-Leiden.CETP mice, and regulating populations of circulating monocytes in LDL receptor knockout mice, SH42 did not attenuate atherosclerosis in either model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Ge
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Slütter
- Div. of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 AL, the Netherlands
| | - Joost M. Lambooij
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Enchen Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Zhixiong Ying
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Ceren Agirman
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Heijink
- The Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Antoine Rimbert
- Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Div. of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 AL, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Giera
- The Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C.N. Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
- Med-X institute, Center for Immunological and Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Milena Schönke
- Department of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
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Pries R, Plötze-Martin K, Lange C, Behn N, Werner L, Bruchhage KL, Steffen A. Improved levels of checkpoint molecule PD-L1 on peripheral blood monocyte subsets in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients upon hypoglossal nerve stimulation. J Sleep Res 2024:e14178. [PMID: 38385644 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with a low-grade systemic inflammation, immune disturbance, and increased invasion of monocytes into the endothelium. Besides continuous positive airway pressure (PAP), hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) has become a promising treatment option for patients with OSAS. We aimed to analyse the influence of HNS therapy on the cellular characteristics relevant for adhesion and immune regulation of circulating CD14/CD16 monocyte subsets. Whole blood flow cytometric measurements were performed to analyse the expression levels of different adhesion molecules and checkpoint molecule PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) in connection with pro-inflammatory plasma cytokine IL-8 and the clinical values of BMI (body mass index), AHI (apnea-hypopnea index), ODI (oxygen desaturation index), and ESS (Epworth sleepiness scale) upon HNS treatment. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation treatment significantly improved the expression of adhesion molecule CD162 (P-selectin receptor) on non-classical monocytes and significantly downregulated the expression of PD-L1 on all three monocyte subsets. We conclude that the holistic improvement of different parameters such as the oxygenation of the peripheral blood, a reduced systemic inflammation, and the individual sleeping situation upon HNS respiratory support, leads to an improved immunologic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Pries
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Christian Lange
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Nicole Behn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Lotte Werner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Armin Steffen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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Białecka M, Dziedziejko V, Safranow K, Krzystolik A, Marcinowska Z, Chlubek D, Rać M. Could Tumor Necrosis Factor Serve as a Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Early-Onset Coronary Artery Disease? Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:449. [PMID: 38396488 PMCID: PMC10887573 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14040449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, can be produced by cardiomyocytes, leading to metabolic disorders in the myocardium. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between plasma levels of the TNF cytokine and the presence of known biochemical and clinical risk factors for cardiovascular disease, along with the parameters of cardiac morphology in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) at a young age. Materials and Methods: The study group included 75 men aged up to 50 years and 25 women aged up to 55 years. The plasma TNF concentration was measured by use of the ELISA assay. Echocardiography and electrocardiographic examinations were performed in all patients. Results: We observed positive correlations for TNF with the BMI ratio, weight, waist and hip circumference. We also found negative correlations for TNF with HDL levels and ApoA concentrations, and positive correlations with the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, Apo B, IL6, LDL and TG concentrations. These results suggest an association between higher plasma TNF concentrations and components of metabolic syndrome, including dyslipidemia. TNF may be a potential risk factor for impaired diastolic function. Conclusions: While TNF may be useful for diagnosing certain risks in CAD patients, the TNF measurement cannot be used as a surrogate test for echocardiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Białecka
- Department of Internal Diseases and Hematology, Military Medical National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-349 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Violetta Dziedziejko
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (K.S.); (Z.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (K.S.); (Z.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Andrzej Krzystolik
- Department of Cardiology, County Hospital in Szczecin, Arkońska 4, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Zuzanna Marcinowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (K.S.); (Z.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (K.S.); (Z.M.); (D.C.)
| | - Monika Rać
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (K.S.); (Z.M.); (D.C.)
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Phiri TN, Mutasa K, Rukobo S, Govha M, Mushayanembwa P, Mwakamui S, Haider T, Zyambo K, Dumbura C, Tome J, Runodamoto T, Chidamba L, Majo FD, Ngosa D, Chandwe K, Kapoma C, Mwapenya B, Mufukari W, Sturgeon JP, Robertson RC, Smuk M, Ntozini R, Nathoo K, Amadi B, Kelly P, Bwakura-Dangarembizi M, Prendergast AJ, Bourke CD. Severe acute malnutrition promotes bacterial binding over proinflammatory cytokine secretion by circulating innate immune cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh2284. [PMID: 37910623 PMCID: PMC10619937 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have high infectious mortality and morbidity, implicating defects in their immune defenses. We hypothesized that circulating innate immune cells from children (0 to 59 months) hospitalized with SAM in Zambia and Zimbabwe (n = 141) have distinct capacity to respond to bacteria relative to adequately nourished healthy controls (n = 92). SAM inpatients had higher neutrophil and monocyte Escherichia coli binding capacity but lower monocyte activation and proinflammatory mediator secretion in response to lipopolysaccharide or heat-killed Salmonella typhimurium than controls. Among SAM cases, wasting severity was negatively associated with cytokine secretion, children with HIV had lower monocyte activation, and the youngest children released the least myeloperoxidase upon stimulation. Inpatient bacterial binding capacity and monocyte activation were associated with higher odds of persistent SAM at discharge, a risk factor for subsequent mortality. Thus, SAM shifts innate immune cell function, favoring bacterial containment over proinflammatory activation, which may contribute to health deficits after discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy N. Phiri
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Kuda Mutasa
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Sandra Rukobo
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Margaret Govha
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Simutanyi Mwakamui
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Tafhima Haider
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kanekwa Zyambo
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Cherlynn Dumbura
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Joice Tome
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Leah Chidamba
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Florence D. Majo
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Deophine Ngosa
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Kanta Chandwe
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Chanda Kapoma
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Benjamin Mwapenya
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Wadzanai Mufukari
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jonathan P. Sturgeon
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Melanie Smuk
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Robert Ntozini
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Kusum Nathoo
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Beatrice Amadi
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Paul Kelly
- Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group (TROPGAN), University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mutsa Bwakura-Dangarembizi
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Andrew J. Prendergast
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Claire D. Bourke
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Hammad R, Eldosoky MA, Elmadbouly AA, Aglan RB, AbdelHamid SG, Zaky S, Ali E, Abd El Hakam FEZ, Mosaad AM, Abdelmageed NA, Kotb FM, Kotb HG, Hady AA, Abo-Elkheir OI, Kujumdshiev S, Sack U, Lambert C, Hamdy NM. Monocytes subsets altered distribution and dysregulated plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p in HCV-linked liver cirrhosis progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15349-15364. [PMID: 37639012 PMCID: PMC10620275 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors aim to investigate the altered monocytes subsets distribution in liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in association with the expression level of plasma Homo sapiens (has)-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p. A step toward non-protein coding (nc) RNA precision medicine based on the immune perturbation manifested as altered monocytes distribution, on top of LC and HCC. METHODS Seventy-nine patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus (CHCV) infection with LC were enrolled in the current study. Patients were sub-classified into LC group without HCC (n = 40), LC with HCC (n = 39), and 15 apparently healthy controls. Monocyte subsets frequencies were assessed by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p expression. RESULTS Hsa-miR-21-5p correlated with intermediate monocytes (r = 0.30, p = 0.007), while hsa-miR-155-5p negatively correlated with non-classical monocytes (r = - 0.316, p = 0.005). ROC curve analysis revealed that combining intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21 yielded sensitivity = 79.5%, specificity = 75%, and AUC = 0.84. In comparison, AFP yielded a lower sensitivity = 69% and 100% specificity with AUC = 0.85. Logistic regression analysis proved that up-regulation of intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21-5p were independent risk factors for LC progression to HCC, after adjustment for co-founders. CONCLUSION Monocyte subsets differentiation in HCC was linked to hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p. Combined up-regulation of intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21-5p expression could be considered a sensitive indicator of LC progression to HCC. Circulating intermediate monocytes and hsa-miR-21-5p were independent risk factors for HCC evolution, clinically and in silico proved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Hammad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mona A Eldosoky
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A Elmadbouly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Reda Badr Aglan
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibîn el Kôm, 35211, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sherihan G AbdelHamid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Samy Zaky
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Elham Ali
- Molecular Biology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
| | | | - Alshaimaa M Mosaad
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Neamat A Abdelmageed
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Kotb
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Hend G Kotb
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Hady
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Omaima I Abo-Elkheir
- Community Medicine and Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Sandy Kujumdshiev
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- DHGS German University of Health and Sport, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sack
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claude Lambert
- Cytometry Unit, Immunology Laboratory, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Étienne, Lyon, France
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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7
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Piani F, Tossetta G, Cara-Fuentes G, Agnoletti D, Marzioni D, Borghi C. Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of CD93 in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review. Biomolecules 2023; 13:910. [PMID: 37371490 PMCID: PMC10296080 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 93 (also known as complement protein 1 q subcomponent receptor C1qR1 or C1qRp) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that can also be present in a soluble (sCD93) form. Recent studies have investigated the role of this protein in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present systematic review aims to assess the associations between CD93 and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and disease at both the proteomic and genomic levels. METHODS We conducted systematic searches in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to identify all human studies since inception to February 2023 that investigated the role of CD93 in CV risk factors, CVD, and CV-associated outcomes. The data collection and analysis have been independently conducted by two reviewers. The search terms included: cardiovascular, heart failure, acute stroke, myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral artery disease, cardiovascular death, MACE, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, hyperuricemia, diabetes, cd93, c1qr, C1qR1, complement protein 1 q subcomponent receptor. RESULTS A total of 182 references were identified, and 15 studies investigating the associations between CD93 protein levels or CD93 genetic polymorphisms and the development or prevalence of CV risk factors (i.e., hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity) and CVD (i.e., heart failure, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke) were included. Although promising, the quality and dimension of the analyzed studies do not allow for a definitive answer to the question of whether CD93 may hold diagnostic and prognostic value in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Piani
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.A.); (C.B.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Gabriel Cara-Fuentes
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Davide Agnoletti
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.A.); (C.B.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (D.M.)
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (D.A.); (C.B.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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8
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Williams H, Mack C, Baraz R, Marimuthu R, Naralashetty S, Li S, Medbury H. Monocyte Differentiation and Heterogeneity: Inter-Subset and Interindividual Differences. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108757. [PMID: 37240103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The three subsets of human monocytes, classical, intermediate, and nonclassical, show phenotypic heterogeneity, particularly in their expression of CD14 and CD16. This has enabled researchers to delve into the functions of each subset in the steady state as well as in disease. Studies have revealed that monocyte heterogeneity is multi-dimensional. In addition, that their phenotype and function differ between subsets is well established. However, it is becoming evident that heterogeneity also exists within each subset, between health and disease (current or past) states, and even between individuals. This realisation casts long shadows, impacting how we identify and classify the subsets, the functions we assign to them, and how they are examined for alterations in disease. Perhaps the most fascinating is evidence that, even in relative health, interindividual differences in monocyte subsets exist. It is proposed that the individual's microenvironment could cause long-lasting or irreversible changes to monocyte precursors that echo to monocytes and through to their derived macrophages. Here, we will discuss the types of heterogeneity recognised in monocytes, the implications of these for monocyte research, and most importantly, the relevance of this heterogeneity for health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Williams
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Corinne Mack
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Rana Baraz
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Rekha Marimuthu
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Sravanthi Naralashetty
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Stephen Li
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Chemical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital and Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- . Blacktown/Mt Druitt Clinical School, Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, NSW 2148, Australia
| | - Heather Medbury
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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9
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Cormican S, Negi N, Naicker SD, Islam MN, Fazekas B, Power R, Griffin TP, Dennedy MC, MacNeill B, Malone AF, Griffin MD. Chronic Kidney Disease Is Characterized by Expansion of a Distinct Proinflammatory Intermediate Monocyte Subtype and by Increased Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:793-808. [PMID: 36799882 PMCID: PMC10125648 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT CKD is accompanied by abnormal inflammation, which contributes to progressive loss of functional renal tissue and accelerated cardiovascular disease. Although studies have documented that dysregulation of monocyte maturation and function is associated with CKD and its complications, it is not well characterized. This study reveals that a distinctive human monocyte subtype with high propensity for releasing proinflammatory mediators and activating endothelial cells is increased in adults with CKD compared with adults with high cardiovascular risk and normal kidney function. It also demonstrates that human monocyte adhesion to endothelial layers and responses to specific inflammatory migration signals are enhanced in CKD. These findings offer insights into the mechanisms of CKD-associated intravascular and localized inflammation and may suggest potential targets for therapeutic interventions. BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with CKD is associated with increased circulating intermediate monocytes (IMs). Dysregulation of monocyte maturation and function is associated with CKD and its complications, but it is incompletely characterized. METHODS To explore monocyte repertoire abnormalities in CKD, we studied properties of monocyte subpopulations, including IM subpopulations distinguished by HLA-DR expression level, in individuals with or without CKD. Using flow cytometry, we profiled monocyte populations in blood samples from adults with CKD, healthy volunteers (HVs), and patient controls (PCs) with high CVD risk. Monocyte subpopulations were also derived from single-cell RNA-sequencing profiles of paired blood and biopsy samples from kidney transplant recipients. We quantified intracellular cytokine production, migration, and endothelial adhesion in ex vivo assays of PBMCs. RESULTS Of four predefined blood monocyte subpopulations, only HLA-DR hi IMs were increased in individuals with CKD compared with HVs and PCs. In HVs and patients with CKD, LPS-stimulated HLA-DR hi IMs isolated from blood produced higher amounts of TNF and IL-1 β than other monocyte populations. Single-cell analysis revealed four monocyte clusters common to blood and kidneys, including an HLA-DR hi IM-like cluster that was enriched in kidneys versus blood. Migration toward CCL5 and CX3CL1 and adhesion to primary endothelial cell layers were increased in monocyte subpopulations in individuals with CKD compared with HVs. Monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells was partly dependent on CX3CR1/CX3CL1 interaction. CONCLUSIONS CKD is associated with an increased number of a distinctive proinflammatory IM subpopulation and abnormalities of monocyte migration and endothelial adhesion. Dysregulated monocyte maturation and function may represent targetable factors contributing to accelerated CVD in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cormican
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Nephrology Department, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Health Care Group, Galway, Ireland
| | - Neema Negi
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Serika D. Naicker
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Md Nahidul Islam
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Barbara Fazekas
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Rachael Power
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tomás P. Griffin
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - M. Conall Dennedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Briain MacNeill
- Cardiology Department, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Health Care Group, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrew F. Malone
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew D. Griffin
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Nephrology Department, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Health Care Group, Galway, Ireland
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10
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Sheu KM, Guru AA, Hoffmann A. Quantifying stimulus-response specificity to probe the functional state of macrophages. Cell Syst 2023; 14:180-195.e5. [PMID: 36657439 PMCID: PMC10023480 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune sentinel macrophages initiate responses to pathogens via hundreds of immune response genes. Each immune threat demands a tailored response, suggesting that the capacity for stimulus-specific gene expression is a key functional hallmark of healthy macrophages. To quantify this property, termed "stimulus-response specificity" (SRS), we developed a single-cell experimental workflow and analytical approaches based on information theory and machine learning. We found that the response specificity of macrophages is driven by combinations of specific immune genes that show low cell-to-cell heterogeneity and are targets of separate signaling pathways. The "response specificity profile," a systematic comparison of multiple stimulus-response distributions, was distinctly altered by polarizing cytokines, and it enabled an assessment of the functional state of macrophages. Indeed, the response specificity profile of peritoneal macrophages from old and obese mice showed characteristic differences, suggesting that SRS may be a basis for measuring the functional state of innate immune cells. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Sheu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90093, USA
| | - Aditya A Guru
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90093, USA
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90093, USA.
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11
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Su C, Liang T, Qu B, Zhang C, Han Y, Hou G, Gao F. Evaluation of CD93hi Macrophage on atherosclerosis through dynamic cells adoptive transfer. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
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12
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Chandran M, S S, Abhirami, Chandran A, Jaleel A, Plakkal Ayyappan J. Defining atherosclerotic plaque biology by mass spectrometry-based omics approaches. Mol Omics 2023; 19:6-26. [PMID: 36426765 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00260d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the principal cause of vascular diseases and one of the leading causes of worldwide death. Even though several insights into its natural course, risk factors and interventions have been identified, it is still an ongoing global pandemic. Since the structure and biochemical composition of the plaques show high heterogeneity, a comprehensive understanding of the intraplaque composition, its microenvironment, and the mechanisms of the progression and instability across different vascular beds at their progression stages is crucial for better risk stratification and treatment modalities. Even though several cell-based studies, animal studies, and extensive multicentric population studies have been conducted concerning cardiovascular diseases for assessing the risk factors and plaque biology, the studies on human clinical samples are very limited. New novel approaches utilize samples from percutaneous coronary interventions, which could possibly gain more access to clinical samples at different stages of the diseases without complex invasive resections. As an emerging technological platform in disease discovery research, mass spectrometry-based omics technologies offer capabilities for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms linked to several vascular diseases. Here, we discuss the cellular and molecular processes of atherosclerosis, different mass spectrometry-based omics approaches, and the studies mostly done on clinical samples of atheroma plaque using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Chandran
- Translational Nanomedicine and Lifestyle Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India.,Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India
| | - Sudhina S
- Translational Nanomedicine and Lifestyle Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India.
| | - Abhirami
- Translational Nanomedicine and Lifestyle Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India.
| | - Akash Chandran
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram-695581, Kerala, India
| | - Abdul Jaleel
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695012, India
| | - Janeesh Plakkal Ayyappan
- Translational Nanomedicine and Lifestyle Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India.,Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram-695581, Kerala, India.,Centre for Advanced Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India
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13
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Snodgrass RG, Jiang X, Stephensen CB. Monocyte subsets display age-dependent alterations at fasting and undergo non-age-dependent changes following consumption of a meal. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:41. [PMID: 36104734 PMCID: PMC9472410 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Monocytes are a heterogenous population of immune cells whose subsets and functions become substantially dysregulated with advanced age. Although much of our current understanding of the age-related changes in monocytes is derived from fasting blood samples, most people are predominately in the postprandial state during waking hours. As hormonal, metabolic, and immunological changes in response to the consumption of a meal are manifested in postprandial blood, it’s unclear how age-dependent changes in peripheral monocytes at fasting are impacted by a dietary challenge. Objective We investigated the impact of age and meal consumption on circulating monocyte frequencies and subsets defined as classical (CD14 + CD16-), intermediate (CD14 + CD16 +), or non-classical (CD14dim CD16 +) in a cohort of 349 healthy adult volunteers grouped into categories based on their age: young adults (18–33 y, n = 123), middle adults (34–49 y, n = 115), and older adults (50–66 y, n = 111). Results Following 12-h fast total monocyte counts inversely correlated with subject age. Older adults had significantly fewer circulating monocytes along with elevated levels of TGs, cholesterol, glucose, IL-6, IL-8, TNF, neopterin, and CCL2 compared with young adults. Circulating monocyte pools in older adults consisted of smaller proportions of classical but larger proportions of intermediate and non-classical monocytes. Proportions of classical monocytes were inversely correlated with plasma TNF, IL-8, and neopterin while intermediate monocytes were positively correlated with plasma IL-6, TNF, and neopterin. Three hours after consuming a fat-containing meal postprandial monocyte counts increased in all age groups. Despite age-dependent differences in monocyte subsets at fasting, consumption of a meal induced similar changes in the proportions of classical and non-classical monocytes across age groups. Within the circulating postprandial monocyte pool, percentages of classical monocytes decreased while non-classical monocytes increased. However no change in precursory intermediate monocytes were detected. Our study confirms that ageing is associated with changes in monocyte frequencies and subsets and shows that consuming a fat-containing meal induces temporal changes in monocyte frequency and subsets independently of subject age. Clinical trial Registered on ClincialTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02367287) Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-022-00297-6.
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14
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Dong H, Wang J, Hu P, Lu N. Association of Apolipoprotein A1, High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Their Ratio with Inflammatory Marker in Chinese Adults with Coronary Artery Disease. Angiology 2022:33197221121002. [PMID: 36065748 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221121002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sparse data assessed the association of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with inflammation. We investigated this association in a hospital-based cross-sectional pilot study that included 7296 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In multivariate analysis, negative associations of ApoA1 and HDL-C with C-reactive protein (CRP), high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were shown. The corresponding CRP, hsCRP, and TNF-α values were 5.28 (vs 11.70 mg/L), 4.50 (vs 11.50 mg/L), and 7.68 (vs 10.90 pg/mL) for ApoA1, and 7.13 (vs 10.60 mg/L), 6.27 (vs 9.19 mg/L), and 8.11 (vs 11.86 pg/mL) for HDL-C in the fourth quartiles compared with the first quartiles. ApoA1/HDL-C ratio was inversely associated with hsCRP and interleukin-6 (IL-6). No significant associations of ApoA1 and HDL-C with IL-6 and IL-8, and of ApoA1/HDL-C ratio with CRP, IL-8, and TNF-α were observed. In path analyses, there was no evidence of mediating effects of body mass index on the "ApoA1 and HDL-C-inflammation" relationship. Generally, our study of CAD patients identified graded and inverse associations of ApoA1, HDL-C, and ApoA1/HDL-C ratio with inflammatory marker (CRP, hsCRP, IL-6, IL-8, or TNF-α) levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- Scientific Education Section and Department of Child Healthcare, Affiliated Maternal & Child Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Gutierrez-Huerta CA, Turner BS, Claudel SE, Farmer N, Islam R, Mitchell VM, Collins BS, Baumer Y, Remaley AT, Powell-Wiley TM. LDL associates with pro-inflammatory monocyte subset differentiation and increases in chemokine receptor profile expression in African Americans. Int J Cardiol 2022; 358:88-93. [PMID: 35436557 PMCID: PMC9120048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, African Americans (AAs) have greater risk for Class III obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous reports suggest that AAs have a different immune cell profile when compared to Caucasians. METHODS The immune cell profile of AAs was characterized by flow cytometry using two experimental setups: ex vivo (N = 40) and in vitro (N = 10). For ex vivo experiments, PBMC were treated with participant serum to understand how lipid contents may contribute to monocyte phenotypic differences. For in vitro experiments, monocytes were low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- or vehicle-treated for four hours and subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. RESULTS When PBMCs were treated with participant sera, subsequent multivariable regression analysis revealed that serum triglycerides and LDL levels were associated with monocyte subset differences. In vitro LDL treatment of monocytes induced a phenotypic switch in monocytes away from classical monocytes accompanied by subset-specific chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 expression changes. These observed changes are partially translation-dependent as determined by co-incubation with cycloheximide. CONCLUSIONS LDL treatment of monocytes induces a change in monocyte subsets and increases CCR2/CCR5 expression in a subset-specific manner. Understanding the molecular mechanisms could prove to have CVD-related therapeutic benefits, especially in high-risk populations with hyperlipidemia and increased risk for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian A Gutierrez-Huerta
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Briana S Turner
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sophie E Claudel
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Farmer
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rafique Islam
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Valerie M Mitchell
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Billy S Collins
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yvonne Baumer
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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16
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Singh A, Magoon R, Dey S, Bansal N, Shri I, Kohli JK, Kashav RC. Malnutrition-Inflammation Liaison in Predicting AKI following OPCABG in Diabetics: Role of a Novel Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein × Albumin Ratio. JOURNAL OF CARDIAC CRITICAL CARE TSS 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background Monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has been recently proposed as a parsimonious inflammatory marker. Akin to MHR, hypoalbuminemia (a malnutrition marker) has a considerable proinflammatory potential and confers an accentuated risk of postcardiac surgery complications, like acute kidney injury (AKI). The present study evaluated the AKI-predictive value of the preoperative monocyte/high-density lipoprotein × albumin ratio (MHAR) in diabetic patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).
Methods The retrospective study conducted at our tertiary cardiac care center included 687 diabetic OPCABG patients. Forty-eight hours postoperative data was evaluated for the occurrence of AKI, as defined by the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria. The perioperative attributes of the AKI and non-AKI groups were compared to evaluate the predictors of AKI, by employing a regression analysis.
Results A total of 109 patients (15.87%) developed AKI postoperatively. On univariate analysis: age, EuroSCORE II, preoperative congestive heart failure, systemic hypertension, serum albumin, MHR, MHAR, intraoperative packed red blood cell transfusion, postoperative low cardiac output syndrome, and vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) predicted AKI. AKI subsequent to multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.029), EuroSCORE II (OR: 1.264), MHAR (OR: 1.403), and VIS (OR: 1.07) were the independent predictors (p-values: 0.020, < 0.001, 0.013, 0.002, respectively). The AKI predictive cutoffs of albumin, MHR, and MHAR were ≤ 2.95, ≥ 15.25, and ≥ 4.08 (area under the curve:sensitivity:specificity of 0.761:84.86%:89.62%; 0.754:93.12%:86.68%; 0.798:89.63%:88.34%, respectively). MHAR ≥ 4.08 was also associated with a higher incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation and major adverse cardiac events.
Conclusion Preoperative elevated MHAR independently predicts AKI following OPCABG in diabetics, implying a malnutrition-inflammation liaison at heart of the matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armaanjeet Singh
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohan Magoon
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Souvik Dey
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Noopur Bansal
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Iti Shri
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jasvinder Kaur Kohli
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Chand Kashav
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), New Delhi, India
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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HIV Latency in Myeloid Cells: Challenges for a Cure. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060611. [PMID: 35745465 PMCID: PMC9230125 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment has been highly successful in controlling plasma viremia to undetectable levels. However, a complete cure for HIV is hindered by the presence of replication-competent HIV, integrated in the host genome, that can persist long term in a resting state called viral latency. Resting memory CD4+ T cells are considered the biggest reservoir of persistent HIV infection and are often studied exclusively as the main target for an HIV cure. However, other cell types, such as circulating monocytes and tissue-resident macrophages, can harbor integrated, replication-competent HIV. To develop a cure for HIV, focus is needed not only on the T cell compartment, but also on these myeloid reservoirs of persistent HIV infection. In this review, we summarize their importance when designing HIV cure strategies and challenges associated to their identification and specific targeting by the “shock and kill” approach.
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18
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Zhang L, Long W, Xu W, Chen X, Zhao X, Wu B. Digital Cell Atlas of Mouse Uterus: From Regenerative Stage to Maturational Stage. Front Genet 2022; 13:847646. [PMID: 35669188 PMCID: PMC9163836 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.847646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrium undergoes repeated repair and regeneration during the menstrual cycle. Previous attempts using gene expression data to define the menstrual cycle failed to come to an agreement. Here we used single-cell RNA sequencing data of C57BL/6J mice uteri to construct a novel integrated cell atlas of mice uteri from the regenerative endometrium to the maturational endometrium at the single-cell level, providing a more accurate cytological-based elucidation for the changes that occurred in the endometrium during the estrus cycle. Based on the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, differentially expressed genes, and gene ontology terms, we delineated in detail the transitions of epithelial cells, stromal cells, and immune cells that happened during the estrus cycle. The transcription factors that shaped the differentiation of the mononuclear phagocyte system had been proposed, being Mafb, Irf7, and Nr4a1. The amounts and functions of immune cells varied sharply in two stages, especially NK cells and macrophages. We also found putative uterus tissue-resident macrophages and identified potential endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (high expression of Cd34, Pdgfrb, Aldh1a2) in vivo. The cell atlas of mice uteri presented here would improve our understanding of the transitions that occurred in the endometrium from the regenerative endometrium to the maturational endometrium. With the assistance of a normal cell atlas as a reference, we may identify morphologically unaffected abnormalities in future clinical practice. Cautions would be needed when adopting our conclusions, for the limited number of mice that participated in this study may affect the strength of our conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Zhang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenying Long
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Wanwan Xu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Xiuying Chen
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhao
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
- *Correspondence: Bingbing Wu,
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19
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Network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation to explore the mechanism of Bushao Tiaozhi capsule (BSTZC) on hyperlipidemia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6992. [PMID: 35484204 PMCID: PMC9051129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bushao Tiaozhi Capsule (BSTZC) is a novel drug in China that is used in clinical practice and has significant therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia (HLP). In our previous study, BSTZC has a good regulatory effect on lipid metabolism of HLP rats. However, its bioactive compounds, potential targets, and underlying mechanism remain largely unclear. We extracted the active ingredients and targets in BSTZC from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and literature mining. Subsequently, core ingredients, potential targets, and signaling pathways were determined through bioinformatics analysis, including constructed Drug-Ingredient-Gene symbols-Disease (D-I-G-D), protein–protein interaction (PPI), the Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Finally, the reliability of the core targets was evaluated using in vivo studies. A total of 36 bioactive ingredients and 209 gene targets were identified in BSTZC. The network analysis revealed that quercetin, kaempferol, wogonin, isorhamnetin, baicalein and luteolin may be the core ingredients. The 26 core targets of BSTZC, including IL-6, TNF, VEGFA, and CASP3, were considered potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the treatment of HLP by BSTZC might be related to lipopolysaccharide, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The pathway analysis showed enrichment for different pathways like MAPK signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic, IL-17 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway. In this study, network pharmacology analysis, and experiment verification were combined, and revealed that BSTZC may regulate key inflammatory markers and apoptosis for ameliorating HLP.
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Su C, Han Y, Qu B, Zhang C, Liang T, Gao F, Hou G. CD93 in macrophages: A novel target for atherosclerotic plaque imaging? J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2152-2162. [PMID: 35166040 PMCID: PMC8995462 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive imaging atherosclerotic (AS) plaque is of great importance for early diagnosis. Recently, CD93 in MΦ was linked to atherosclerosis development. Herein, we have investigated whether CD93 in MΦ is a potential novel target for atherosclerotic plaque imaging. CD93hi and CD93lo MΦ were prepared with or without LPS stimulation, before biological activity was evaluated. A rat AS model was produced with left carotid artery clamped. Whole‐body/ex vivo phosphor autoradiography of the artery and biodistribution were investigated after incorporation of 3H‐2‐DG into CD93hi and CD93lo MΦ or after 125I‐α‐CD93 (125I‐anti‐CD93mAb) injection. The plaque tissue was subjected to CD93/CD68 immunofluorescence/immunohistochemistry staining. CD93hi and CD93lo MΦ cells were successfully prepared without significant effect on bioactivity after incorporative labelled with 3H‐2‐DG. The AS model was successfully established. Biodistribution studies showed that adoptive transfer of 3H‐2‐DG‐CD93hi MΦ or 125I‐ α‐CD93 injection resulted in accumulation of radioactivity within the atherosclerotic plaque in the clamped left carotid artery. T/NT (target/non‐target, left/right carotid artery) ratio was higher in the 3H‐2‐DG‐CD93hi MΦ adoptive transfer group than in the 3H‐2‐DG‐CD93lo MΦ group (p < .05). Plaque radioactivity in the 125I‐α‐CD93 injection group was significantly higher than in the 125I‐IgG control group (p < .01). The higher radioactivity accumulated in the clamped left carotid artery was confirmed by phosphor autoradiography. More importantly, CD93/CD68 double‐positive MΦ accumulated at the atherosclerotic plaque in 3H‐2‐DG‐CD93hi MΦ adoptive transfer group, which correlated with plaque radioactivity (r = .99, p < .01). In summary, both adoptive‐transferred 3H‐2‐DG‐labelled CD93hi MΦ and 125I‐α‐CD93 injection specifically targeted CD93 in atherosclerotic plaque. CD93 is a potential target in atherosclerotic plaque imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Su
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yeming Han
- Radiology Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Qu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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21
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Xiang Y, Liang B, Zhang X, Qiu X, Deng Q, Yu L, Yu H, Lu Z, Zheng F. Atheroprotective mechanism by which folic acid regulates monocyte subsets and function through DNA methylation. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:32. [PMID: 35227297 PMCID: PMC8887029 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have suggested that folic acid can restore abnormal DNA methylation and monocyte subset shifts caused by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and hyperlipidemia (HL). However, the exact mechanism of action is still not fully understood. In this study, we further investigated the reversal effect and underlying mechanism of folic acid on the shift in monocyte subsets induced by aberrant lipids and Hcy metabolism via DNA methylation in vitro and in vivo. Results Our results showed that intermediate monocytes were significantly increased but had the lowest global 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, which might lead to a decrease in the global 5-mC levels of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). We also discovered that ARID5B might mediate the increased proportion of intermediate monocytes, as this factor was related to the proportion of monocyte subsets and the expression of CCR2. The expression of ARID5B was inversely associated with the hypermethylated cg25953130 CpG site, which was induced by HL and HHcy. ARID5B could also regulate monocyte CCR2, MCP-1, and TNF-α expression, adhesion and migration, macrophage polarization, and monocyte/macrophage apoptosis, which might explain the regulatory effect of ARID5B on monocyte subset shifting. Folic acid reversed HL- and HHcy-mediated aberrant global and cg25953130 DNA methylation, reduced the proportion of intermediate monocytes, and inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Conclusion Folic acid plays a protective role against atherosclerosis through the regulation of DNA methylation, ARID5B expression, and monocyte subsets. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-022-01248-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xueping Qiu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qianyun Deng
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhibing Lu
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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22
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Molecular Mechanisms of Hypertensive Nephropathy: Renoprotective Effect of Losartan through Hsp70. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113146. [PMID: 34831368 PMCID: PMC8619557 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis is the second most common cause of end-stage renal disease after diabetes. For years, hypertensive kidney disease has been focused on the afferent arterioles and glomeruli damage and the involvement of the renin angiotensin system (RAS). Nonetheless, in recent years, novel evidence has demonstrated that persistent high blood pressure injures tubular cells, leading to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Injury primarily determined at the glomerular level by hypertension causes changes in post-glomerular peritubular capillaries that in turn induce endothelial damage and hypoxia. Microvasculature dysfunction, by inducing hypoxic environment, triggers inflammation, EMT with epithelial cells dedifferentiation and fibrosis. Hypertensive kidney disease also includes podocyte effacement and loss, leading to disruption of the filtration barrier. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms and histologic aspects involved in the pathophysiology of hypertensive kidney disease incorporating knowledge about EMT and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The role of the Hsp70 chaperone on the angiotensin II–induced EMT after angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockage, as a possible molecular target for therapeutic strategy against hypertensive renal damage is discussed.
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23
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Williams H, Mack CD, Li SCH, Fletcher JP, Medbury HJ. Nature versus Number: Monocytes in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179119. [PMID: 34502027 PMCID: PMC8430468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes play a key role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) as their influx into the vessel wall is necessary for the development of an atherosclerotic plaque. Monocytes are, however, heterogeneous differentiating from classical monocytes through the intermediate subset to the nonclassical subset. While it is recognized that the percentage of intermediate and nonclassical monocytes are higher in individuals with CVD, accompanying changes in inflammatory markers suggest a functional impact on disease development that goes beyond the increased proportion of these ‘inflammatory’ monocyte subsets. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that changes in monocyte proportion and function arise in dyslipidemia, with lipid lowering medication having some effect on reversing these changes. This review explores the nature and number of monocyte subsets in CVD addressing what they are, when they arise, the effect of lipid lowering treatment, and the possible implications for plaque development. Understanding these associations will deepen our understanding of the clinical significance of monocytes in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Williams
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (H.W.); (C.D.M.); (J.P.F.)
- Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Corinne D. Mack
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (H.W.); (C.D.M.); (J.P.F.)
- Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Stephen C. H. Li
- Chemical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital and Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia;
- Blacktown/Mt Druitt Clinical School, Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, NSW 2148, Australia
| | - John P. Fletcher
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (H.W.); (C.D.M.); (J.P.F.)
- Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Heather J. Medbury
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia; (H.W.); (C.D.M.); (J.P.F.)
- Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
- Correspondence:
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24
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Fiorelli S, Anesi A, Porro B, Cosentino N, Werba JP, Di Minno A, Manega CM, Barbieri S, Colombo GI, Marenzi G, Cavalca V, Tremoli E, Eligini S. Lipidomics analysis of monocytes from patients with acute myocardial infarction reveals lactosylceramide as a new player in monocyte migration. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21494. [PMID: 33856696 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001872rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte recruitment after vascular injury and their migration through the vessel wall represent crucial events in the initiation, progression, and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque. Circulating monocytes are exposed to stimuli that alter their physiological state, and among them, lipids play a key role. Several studies investigated the mechanisms by which lipids affect monocyte functions promoting coronary atherosclerotic plaque initiation, but information on the relationship between lipid composition and function of monocyte is scant. We aimed at studying the migration of circulating monocytes isolated from patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at hospital presentation and investigating its correlation with cellular lipid profile. The migration of monocytes was tested using both fetal bovine serum (FBS) and autologous serum as chemoattractant stimuli. Monocyte lipid profile was evaluated through an untargeted lipidomics approach, using a liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry platform. We observed that AMI patients' monocytes showed a significant increase in FBS and autologous serum-mediated migration compared to controls. Moreover, a different monocyte lipidomic profile between the two study groups was detected. In particular, AMI patients' monocytes showed an altered composition in ceramides, with an increase in lactosylceramide and in phospholipids (ie, phosphatidylethanolamine and lisophosphatidylethanolamine). Of note, a positive correlation between lactosylceramide levels and monocyte migration was observed. Furthermore, the lactosylceramide synthase inhibition significantly reduced FBS-induced monocyte migration. Our results highlight the influence of lactosylceramide on the monocyte migration capacity, pointing out a new possible mechanism of lipids in the onset of atherothrombosis and, hence, in AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Anesi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - José P Werba
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S, Milan, Italy
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25
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Gembillo G, Siligato R, Cernaro V, Satta E, Conti G, Salvo A, Romeo A, Calabrese V, Sposito G, Ferlazzo G, Santoro D. Monocyte to HDL ratio: a novel marker of resistant hypertension in CKD patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 54:395-403. [PMID: 34109496 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-02904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation, oxidative stress (OS), atherosclerosis and resistant hypertension (RH) are common features of chronic kidney disease (CKD) leading to a higher risk of death from cardiovascular disease. These effects seem to be modulated by impaired anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and reverse cholesterol transport actions of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL). HDL prevents and reverses monocyte recruitment and activation into the arterial wall and impairs endothelial adhesion molecule expression. Recently, monocyte count to HDL-cholesterol ratio (MHR) has emerged as a potential marker of inflammation and OS, demonstrating to be relevant in CKD. Our research was aimed to assess, for the first time, its reliability in RH. METHODS We performed a retrospective study on 214 patients with CKD and arterial hypertension who were admitted between January and June 2019 to our Department, 72 of whom were diagnosed with RH. RESULTS MHR appeared inversely related to eGFR (ρ = - 0.163; P = 0.0172). MHR was significantly higher among RH patients compared to non-RH ones (12.39 [IQR 10.67-16.05] versus 7.30 [5.49-9.06]; P < 0.0001). Moreover, MHR was significantly different according to the number of anti-hypertensive drugs per patient in the whole study cohort (F = 46.723; P < 0.001) as well as in the non-RH group (F = 14.191; P < 0.001). Moreover, MHR positively correlates with diabetes mellitus (ρ = 0.253; P = 0.0002), white blood cells (ρ = 0.664; P < 0.0001) and C-reactive protein (ρ = 0.563; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS MHR may be a reliable biomarker due to the connection between HDL and monocytes. Our study suggests that MHR is linked with the use of multiple anti-hypertensive therapy and resistant hypertension in CKD patients, and can be a useful ratio to implement appropriate treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Gembillo
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Rossella Siligato
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Cernaro
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Ersilia Satta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Salvo
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Adolfo Romeo
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calabrese
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Sposito
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, AOU Policlinic "G Martino", University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Guido Ferlazzo
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, AOU Policlinic "G Martino", University of Messina, 98125, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy.
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26
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Patel VK, Williams H, Li SCH, Fletcher JP, Medbury HJ. Monocyte Subset Recruitment Marker Profile Is Inversely Associated With Blood ApoA1 Levels. Front Immunol 2021; 12:616305. [PMID: 33717107 PMCID: PMC7952433 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.616305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia promotes development of the atherosclerotic plaques that characterise cardiovascular disease. Plaque progression requires the influx of monocytes into the vessel wall, but whether dyslipidemia is associated with an increased potential of monocytes to extravasate is largely unknown. Here (using flow cytometry) we examined recruitment marker expression on monocytes from generally healthy individuals who differed in lipid profile. Comparisons were made between monocyte subsets, participants and relative to participants’ lipid levels. Monocyte subsets differed significantly in their expression of recruitment markers, with highest expression being on either the classical or non-classical subsets. However, these inter-subset differences were largely overshadowed by considerable inter-participant differences with some participants having higher levels of recruitment markers on all three monocyte subsets. Furthermore, when the expression of one recruitment marker was high, so too was that of most of the other markers, with substantial correlations evident between the markers. The inter-participant differences were explained by lipid levels. Most notably, there was a significant inverse correlation for most markers with ApoA1 levels. Our results indicate that dyslipidemia, in particular low levels of ApoA1, is associated with an increased potential of all monocyte subsets to extravasate, and to do so using a wider repertoire of recruitment markers than currently appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyoma K Patel
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Williams
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen C H Li
- Western Sydney University, Blacktown/Mt Druitt Clinical School, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, NSW, Australia.,Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - John P Fletcher
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Heather J Medbury
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Westmead Clinical School, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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Dukhinova M, Kokinos E, Kuchur P, Komissarov A, Shtro A. Macrophage-derived cytokines in pneumonia: Linking cellular immunology and genetics. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 59:46-61. [PMID: 33342718 PMCID: PMC8035975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages represent the first line of anti-pathogen defense - they encounter invading pathogens to perform the phagocytic activity, to deliver the plethora of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and to shape the tissue microenvironment. Throughout pneumonia course, alveolar macrophages and infiltrated blood monocytes produce increasing cytokine amounts, which activates the antiviral/antibacterial immunity but can also provoke the risk of the so-called cytokine “storm” and normal tissue damage. Subsequently, the question of how the cytokine spectrum is shaped and balanced in the pneumonia context remains a hot topic in medical immunology, particularly in the COVID19 pandemic era. The diversity in cytokine profiles, involved in pneumonia pathogenesis, is determined by the variations in cytokine-receptor interactions, which may lead to severe cytokine storm and functional decline of particular tissues and organs, for example, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Cytokines and their receptors form unique profiles in individual patients, depending on the (a) microenvironmental context (comorbidities and associated treatment), (b) lung monocyte heterogeneity, and (c) genetic variations. These multidisciplinary strategies can be proactively considered beforehand and during the pneumonia course and potentially allow the new age of personalized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dukhinova
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Elena Kokinos
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina Kuchur
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Komissarov
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Shtro
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Chemotherapy, Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Frequency of monocyte subsets is linked to the severity of atherosclerosis in patients with ischemic heart disease: A case-control study. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2020; 10:36-47. [PMID: 33854919 PMCID: PMC7608850 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monocytes are recognized as central cells in the progression of atherosclerosis, and are subcategorized into classical (CD14++CD16lo), intermediate (CD14++CD16hi) and non-classical (CD14+CD16hi) subsets. Purpose The present study aimed to assess the relationships between different subsets of monocytes, metabolic and inflammatory factors in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 26 patients (both men and women) with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) were recruited. Among all the recruited patients, 17 patients had significant coronary artery disease defined as diameter stenosis more than 70%. Severity of CHD was assessed by the Gensini score (GS). Counts of CD14++CD16lo, CD14++CD16hi, and CD14+CD16hi monocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Gating was verified and expression of CD163 was determined by imaging flow cytometry. Key cardiac markers, cytokines, and chemokines were detected in serum and in 24-hour-culture medium for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by multiplex analysis. The Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r) were used for statistical analysis. Results Patients with stenosis <70% tended to have higher frequency of CD14+CD16hi monocytes compared to patients with coronary artery stenosis >70%. The frequencies of CD163+CD14++CD16hi and CD163+CD14+CD16hi monocytes were elevated in patients with stenosis >70%. In patients with stenosis <70%, the frequency of classical monocytes positively correlated and the frequency of non-classical monocytes negatively correlated with the value of GS (R =0.757; p =0.018 and R = -0.757; p = 0.018, respectively). Conclusions In patients with ischemic heart disease, the frequency of classical monocytes was directly correlated with the severity of atherosclerosis, while the frequency of non-classical monocytes was correlated inversely. The effects of these monocyte subsets in the development of myocardial ischemia still need to be elucidated.
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29
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Mendes-Frias A, Santos-Lima B, Furtado DZS, Ruperez FJ, Assunção NA, Matias MJ, Gomes V, Gaifem J, Barbas C, Castro AG, Capela C, Silvestre R. Dysregulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism during Behçet's disease contributes to a pro-inflammatory phenotype of circulating monocytes. J Transl Autoimmun 2020; 3:100056. [PMID: 32743536 PMCID: PMC7388368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a relapsing, multisystem and inflammatory condition characterized by systemic vasculitis of small and large vessels. Although the etiopathogenesis of BD remains unknown, immune-mediated mechanisms play a major role in the development of the disease. BD patients present leukocyte infiltration in the mucocutaneous lesions as well as neutrophil hyperactivation. In contrast to neutrophils, whose involvement in the pathogenesis of BD has been extensively studied, the biology of monocytes during BD is less well known. In this study, we analyzed the phenotype and function of circulating monocytes of 38 BD patients from Hospital of Braga. In addition, we evaluated the impact of inflammatory and metabolomic plasma environment on monocyte biology. We observed a worsening of mitochondrial function, with lower mitochondrial mass and increased ROS production, on circulating monocytes of BD patients. Incubation of monocytes from healthy donors with the plasma of BD patients mimicked the observed phenotype, strongly suggesting the involvement of serum mediators. BD patients, regardless of their symptoms, had higher serum pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IP-10 levels and IL-1β/IL-1RA ratio. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified a dysregulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism on BD patients, where a significant reduction of phospholipids was observed concomitantly with an increase of lysophospholipids and fatty acids. These observations converged to an enhanced phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation. Indeed, inhibition of PLA2 with dexamethasone or the downstream cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme with ibuprofen was able to significantly revert the mitochondrial dysfunction observed on monocytes of BD patients. Our results show that the plasma inflammatory environment coupled with a dysregulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism in BD patients contribute to a dysfunction of circulating monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mendes-Frias
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Bruno Santos-Lima
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Danielle Zildeana Sousa Furtado
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco J. Ruperez
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nilson Antonio Assunção
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres em Sistemas Biológicos e Bioanalítica, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria João Matias
- Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Vânia Gomes
- Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Gaifem
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Coral Barbas
- Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Madrid, Spain
| | - António Gil Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Carlos Capela
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
- Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Braga, Braga, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center-Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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Haybar H, Maleki Behzad M, Shahrabi S, Ansari N, Saki N. Expression of Blood Cells Associated CD Markers and Cardiovascular Diseases: Clinical Applications in Prognosis. Lab Med 2020; 51:122-142. [PMID: 31340048 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of mortality worldwide. The results of various studies have shown that abnormality in the frequency and function of blood cells can be involved in CVD complications. In this review, we have focused on abnormalities in the expression of the CD (cluster of differentiation) markers of blood cells to assess the association of these abnormalities with CVD prognosis. METHODS We identified the relevant literature through a PubMed search (1990-2018) of English-language articles using the terms "Cardiovascular diseases", "CD markers", "leukocytes", "platelets", and "endothelial cells". RESULTS There is a variety of mechanisms for the effect of CD-marker expressions on CVDs prognosis, ranging from proinflammatory processes to dysfunctional effects in blood cells. CONCLUSION Considering the possible effects of CD-marker expression on CVDs prognosis, particularly prognosis of acute myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis, long-term studies in large cohorts are required to identify the prognostic value of CD markers and to target them with appropriate therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Haybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masumeh Maleki Behzad
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Narges Ansari
- Isfahan Bone Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Identification of Novel Human Monocyte Subsets and Evidence for Phenotypic Groups Defined by Interindividual Variations of Expression of Adhesion Molecules. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4397. [PMID: 32157175 PMCID: PMC7064612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes contribute to immune responses as a source for subsets of dendritic cells and macrophages. Human blood monocytes are classified as classical, non-classical and intermediate cells. However, the particular functions of these subsets have been hard to define, with conflicting results and significant overlaps. One likely reason for these ambiguities is in the heterogeneity of these monocyte subsets regrouping cells with divergent functions. To better define monocyte populations, we have analysed expression of 17 markers by multicolour flow cytometry in samples obtained from 28 control donors. Data acquisition was tailored to detect populations present at low frequencies. Our results reveal the existence of novel monocyte subsets detected as larger CD14+ cells that were CD16+ or CD16neg. These large monocytes differed from regular, smaller monocytes with respect to expression of various cell surface molecules, such as FcR, chemokine receptors, and adhesion molecules. Unsupervised multidimensional analysis confirmed the existence of large monocytes and revealed interindividual variations that were grouped according to unique patterns of expression of adhesion molecules CD62L, CD49d, and CD43. Distinct inflammatory responses to TLR agonists were found in small and large monocytes. Overall, refining the definition of monocyte subsets should lead to the identification of populations with specific functions.
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32
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Su F, GM A, Palgunachari MN, White CR, Stessman H, Wu Y, Vadgama J, Pietras R, Nguyen D, Reddy ST, Farias-Eisner R. Bovine HDL and Dual Domain HDL-Mimetic Peptides Inhibit Tumor Development in Mice. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTIC ONCOLOGY 2020; 8:101. [PMID: 32462055 PMCID: PMC7252215 DOI: 10.17303/jcrto.2020.8.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of literature supports the role of apolipoproteins present in HDL in the treatment of pro-inflammatory diseases including cancer. We examined whether bovine HDL (bHDL) and three dual-domain peptides, namely AEM-28 and its analog AEM-28-2, and HM-10/10, affect tumor growth and development in mouse models of ovarian and colon cancer. We demonstrate that bHDL inhibits mouse colorectal cancer cell line CT26-mediated lung tumor development, and mouse ovarian cancer cell line ID8-mediated tumor burden. We also demonstrate that, although to different degrees, dual-domain peptides inhibit cell viability of mouse and human ovarian and colon cancer cell lines, but not that of normal human colonic epithelial cells or NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Dual-domain peptides administered subcutaneously or in a chow diet decrease CT26 cell-mediated tumor burden, tumor growth, and tumor dissemination in BALB/c mice. Plasma levels of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are significantly reduced in mice that received bHDL and the dual-domain peptides, suggesting that reduction by effecting accumulation and/or synthesis of pro-inflammatory lipids may be one of the mechanisms for the inhibition of tumor development by bHDL and the dual-domain peptides. Our studies suggest that therapeutics based on apolipoproteins present in HDL may be novel agents for the treatment of epithelial adenocarcinomas of the ovary and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anantharamaiah GM
- Department of Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - C. Roger White
- Department of Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Holly Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Yanyuan Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Jay Vadgama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Richard Pietras
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dorothy Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Robin Farias-Eisner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, the University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
- Hereditary Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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33
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Cooper DM, Radom-Aizik S. Exercise-associated prevention of adult cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents: monocytes, molecular mechanisms, and a call for discovery. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:309-318. [PMID: 31649340 PMCID: PMC11177628 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis originates in childhood and adolescence. The goal of this review is to highlight how exercise and physical activity during childhood and adolescence, critical periods of growth and development, can prevent adult cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly through molecular mechanisms of monocytes, a key cell of the innate immune system. Monocytes are heterogeneous and pluripotential cells that can, paradoxically, play a role in both the instigation and prevention of atherosclerosis. Recent discoveries in young adults reveal that brief exercise affects monocyte gene pathways promoting a cell phenotype that patrols the vascular system and repairs injuries. Concurrently, exercise inhibits pro-inflammatory monocytes, cells that contribute to vascular damage and plaque formation. Because CVD is typically asymptomatic in youth, minimally invasive techniques must be honed to study the subtle anatomic and physiologic evidence of vascular dysfunction. Exercise gas exchange and heart rate measures can be combined with ultrasound assessments of vascular anatomy and reactivity, and near-infrared spectroscopy to quantify impaired O2 transport that is often hidden at rest. Combined with functional, transcriptomic, and epigenetic monocyte expression and measures of monocyte-endothelium interaction, molecular mechanisms of early CVD can be formulated, and then translated into effective physical activity-based strategies in youth to prevent adult-onset CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan M Cooper
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Irvine, CA, USA
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34
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Xiang Y, Liang B, Zhang X, Zheng F. Lower HDL-C levels are associated with higher expressions of CD16 on monocyte subsets in coronary atherosclerosis. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2171-2179. [PMID: 32922178 PMCID: PMC7484662 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.47998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Increased expressions of CD16 on classical monocytes precede their transition to intermediate monocytes. Thus far, the influence of lipids on the expression of CD14 and CD16 on monocyte subsets in coronary atherosclerosis (CA) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying association between blood lipids and the expression of CD14 and CD16 on monocyte subsets. Methods: This study enrolled 112 healthy controls and 110 CA patients. Monocyte subsets [CD14++CD16- (classical), CD14++CD16+ (intermediate) and CD14+CD16++ (non-classical)] were analyzed by flow cytometry. Median fluorescent intensity (MFI) was used to evaluate the expression levels of CD14 and CD16 on monocyte subsets. Results: Compared with the control group, the expression of CD16 was significantly increased on all three monocyte subsets in the patient group. Correlation analysis revealed that serum HDL-C was inversely associated with the expression of CD16 on intermediate monocytes after Bonferroni correction in the control group. In addition, a significant decrease in classical monocytes and an increase in intermediate monocytes were detected in patients. In linear regression analysis, intermediate monocytes showed an inverse association with serum HDL-C in the control group. Although CD14 was correlated with serum TC and HDL-C, there was no statistical difference in CD14 expression between the two groups. Conclusion: Low serum HDL-C may induce upregulation of CD16 on classical monocytes, which may in turn lead to the increase of intermediate monocytes in coronary atherosclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Lab, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Lab, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Lab, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Clinical Lab, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan 430071, China
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35
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Brandt S, Ewert L, Scurt FG, Reichardt C, Lindquist JA, Gorny X, Isermann B, Mertens PR. Altered monocytic phenotypes are linked with systemic inflammation and may be linked to mortality in dialysis patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19103. [PMID: 31836803 PMCID: PMC6911068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The major causes for increased morbidity and mortality among chronic kidney disease patients are cardiovascular diseases and infection. A causal link between an activated immune system and aggravated atherosclerosis has been postulated that skews the system towards inflammatory responses. Previously, we demonstrated a positive association of pro-inflammatory cytokines with monocytic Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) expression and vessel wall infiltration in hemodialysis patients. Here, we question whether the responsiveness and cytokine repertoire of monocytes is altered by pre-activation and how this correlates with survival. EDTA whole blood from hemodialysis patients (n = 45) and healthy controls (n = 34) was collected and leukocytes challenged with LPS. The distribution of monocyte subsets, YB-1acetyl content, and serum cytokine levels were determined. Compared to controls, dialysis patients have fewer classical (Mo1) and more intermediate (Mo2) and non-classical (Mo3) monocytes. In response to LPS, the Mo2 subset significantly increases (p < 0.001) in control subjects, but not in hemodialysis patients; increased CD86 expression indicates a positive response to LPS. Based on the changes within Mo2, subjects could be classified as responders or non-responders: 60% non-responders were seen in the dialysis cohort versus only 35% among healthy controls. YB-1 acetylation is higher in dialysis patients, independent of LPS stimulation. In this small cohort with 72 months follow-up period intracellular YB-1acetyl levels, IL-6, uPAR, and IP10 correlated with excess mortality in the dialysis cohort. Changes in YB-1 acetylation and serum cytokines may, at a given time point, possibly predict the long-term outcome and thus provide a legacy effect in hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Brandt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lara Ewert
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian G Scurt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Reichardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xenia Gorny
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
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36
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Ong SM, Teng K, Newell E, Chen H, Chen J, Loy T, Yeo TW, Fink K, Wong SC. A Novel, Five-Marker Alternative to CD16-CD14 Gating to Identify the Three Human Monocyte Subsets. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1761. [PMID: 31402918 PMCID: PMC6676221 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human primary monocytes are heterogeneous in terms of phenotype and function, but are sub-divided only based on CD16 and CD14 expression. CD16 expression distinguishes a subset of monocytes with highly pro-inflammatory properties from non-CD16 expressing “classical” monocytes. CD14 expression further subdivides the CD16+ monocytes into non-classical CD14low and intermediate CD14high subsets. This long-standing CD16–CD14 classification system, however, has limitations as CD14 is expressed in a continuum, leading to subjectivity in delineating the non-classical and intermediate subsets; in addition, CD16 expression is unstable, making identification of the subsets impossible after in vitro culture or during inflammatory conditions in vivo. Hence, we aimed to identify the three monocyte subsets using an alternative combination of markers. Additionally, we wanted to address whether the monocyte subset perturbations observed during infection is real or an artifact of differential CD16 and/or CD14 regulation. Using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF), we studied the simultaneous expression of 34 monocyte markers on total monocytes, and derived a combination of five markers (CD33, CD86, CD64, HLA-DR, and CCR2), that could objectively delineate the three subsets. Using these markers, we could also distinguish CD16+ monocytes from CD16− monocytes after in vitro stimulation. Finally, we found that the observed expansion of intermediate (CD14high) monocytes in dengue virus-infected patients was due to up-regulated CD16 expression on classical monocytes. With our new combination of markers, we can now identify monocyte subsets without CD16 and CD14, and accurately re-examine monocyte subset perturbations in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Min Ong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karen Teng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evan Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas Loy
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tsin-Wen Yeo
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew-Cheng Wong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR Research Entities, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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37
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Contribution of the uremic milieu to an increased pro-inflammatory monocytic phenotype in chronic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10236. [PMID: 31308443 PMCID: PMC6629661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermediate (CD14++CD16+) monocytes have important pro-inflammatory and atherogenic features and are increased in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aims to elucidate the role of the uremic milieu and of platelet activation in monocyte differentiation. Monocyte subtypes were analyzed in CKD patients (n = 193) and healthy controls (n = 27). Blood from healthy controls (Ctrl; n = 8) and hemodialysis patients (HD; n = 8) was centrifuged, and plasma (pl) was exchanged between Ctrl and HD (Ctrlcells/HDpl and HDcells/Ctrlpl) or reconstituted as original (Ctrlsham and HDsham) and incubated for 24 h (T24). Monocyte differentiation and platelet aggregation to monocytes (MPA) was assessed by flow cytometry. Especially, a higher proportion of CD14++CD16+ monocytes was found in hemodialysis (HD) patients (p < 0.01). In plasma exchange experiments, Ctrl cells/HD pl T24 showed an increased percentage of CD14++CD16+ monocytes versus Ctrl sham (33.7% ± 15 vs. 15.7% ± 9.6; P < 0.005), comparable to the level of CD14++CD16+ monocytes in the HD sham condition. The percentage of CD14++CD16+ monocytes was lowered by suspending HD cells in Ctrl pl (18.4% ± 7.8 vs. 36.7% ± 15 in HD sham; P < 0.005) reaching the level of the Ctrl sham condition (15.7% ± 9.6). A mixture of uremic sulfates increased CD14++CD16+ monocytes compared to control (19.8 ± 9.6% vs. 15.8 ± 10.9%; P < 0.05), paralleled by a rise MPA. Blocking MPA by abciximab, a potential therapeutic strategy, or anti-CD62P did not inhibit differentiation towards the CD14++CD16+ monocytes. In conclusion, in the present cohort, CD14++CD16+ monocytes are especially increased in HD patients and this can at least in part be attributed to the presence of the uremic milieu, with uremic sulfates inducing a reversible shift towards pro-inflammatory CD14++CD16+ monocytes.
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38
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Nikiforov NG, Wetzker R, Kubekina MV, Petukhova AV, Kirichenko TV, Orekhov AN. Trained Circulating Monocytes in Atherosclerosis: Ex Vivo Model Approach. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:725. [PMID: 31316385 PMCID: PMC6610245 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the key processes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Numerous studies are focused on the local inflammatory processes associated with atherosclerotic plaque initiation and progression. However, changes in the activation state of circulating monocytes, the main components of the innate immunity, may precede the local events. In this article, we discuss tolerance, which results in decreased ability of monocytes to be activated by pathogens and other stimuli, and training, the ability of monocyte to potentiate the response to pathological stimuli, and their relation to atherosclerosis. We also present previously unpublished results of the experiments that our group performed with monocytes/macrophages isolated from atherosclerosis patients. Our data allow assuming the existence of relationship between the formation of monocyte training and the degree of atherosclerosis progression. The suppression of trained immunity ex vivo seems to be a perspective model for searching anti-atherogenic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita G Nikiforov
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Gene Biology, Centre of Collective Usage, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Marina V Kubekina
- Institute of Gene Biology, Centre of Collective Usage, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Petukhova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Centre of Collective Usage, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Kirichenko
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
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39
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Schnitzler JG, Dallinga-Thie GM, Kroon J. The Role of (Modified) Lipoproteins in Vascular Function: A Duet Between Monocytes and the Endothelium. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1594-1609. [PMID: 29546830 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180316121015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the last century, many studies have demonstrated that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a key risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) related to atherosclerosis. Thus, for these CVD patients, LDL lowering agents are commonly used in the clinic to reduce the risk for CVD. LDL, upon modification, will develop distinct inflammatory and proatherogenic potential, leading to impaired endothelial integrity, influx of immune cells and subsequent increased foam cell formation. LDL can also directly affect peripheral monocyte composition, rendering them in a more favorable position to migrate and accumulate in the subendothelial space. It has become apparent that other lipoprotein particles, such as triglyceride- rich lipoproteins or remnants (TRL) and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] may also impact on atherogenic pathways. Evidence is accumulating that Lp(a) can promote peripheral monocyte activation, eventually leading to increased transmigration through the endothelium. Similarly, remnant cholesterol has been identified to play a key role in endothelial dysfunction and monocyte behavior. In this review, we will discuss recent developments in understanding the role of different lipoproteins in the context of inflammation at both the level of the monocyte and the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan G Schnitzler
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Geesje M Dallinga-Thie
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Analysis of monocitary subpopulations in relation to cardiovascular risk factors. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2019; 31:152-159. [PMID: 30967277 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Monocytes play an important role in atherosclerotic progression having both pro and anti-inflammatory effects depending on different circulating monocyte subpopulations. The objective of this study is to characterize these subpopulations and their association with cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS Transversal study including 102 selected patients, mean age: 65 years-old (range 41-86), 69% males. A set of specific antibodies against classical monocytes (Mon1, CD14+CD16- CD300e+HLADR+), intermediate (Mon2, CD14+CD16+CD300e+HLADR+) and non-classical (Mon3, CD14-CD16+CD300e+HLADR+) was assayed. Three groups of patients were included: 17 asymptomatic with more than one cardiovascular risk factor (group 1), 56 subjects asymptomatic but with vascular pathology assessed by ultrasound or microalbuminuria (group 2) and 19 patients with a previous atherothrombotic event (group 3). The cardiovascular risk was determined by Framingham and REGICOR scores. RESULTS An association between study groups and the percentage of Mon1 and Mon2 was observed (ANOVA, p<.05), being independent of age and sex for Mon2. Likewise Mon1 and Mon2 subpopulations were associated with cardiovascular adverse events (β=0.86, p=.02 y β=0.1 p=.002, respectively), independently of age and sex in the case of Mon2. Moreover the percentage of Mon3 was associated with the presence of several cardiovascular risk factors (β=0.21, p=.04) in the univariate analysis. In addition, there was a correlation between the levels of Mon1 and Mon2 and leukocytes (r=0.7, p<.001 and r=0.26, p=.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The analysis of monocyte subpopulations may be clinically useful to stratify the inflammatory profile related to the different cardiovascular risk groups.
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Marimuthu R, Francis H, Dervish S, Li SCH, Medbury H, Williams H. Characterization of Human Monocyte Subsets by Whole Blood Flow Cytometry Analysis. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30394370 PMCID: PMC6235554 DOI: 10.3791/57941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are key contributors in various inflammatory disorders and alterations to these cells, including their subset proportions and functions, can have pathological significance. An ideal method for examining alterations to monocytes is whole blood flow cytometry as the minimal handling of samples by this method limits artifactual cell activation. However, many different approaches are taken to gate the monocyte subsets leading to inconsistent identification of the subsets between studies. Here we demonstrate a method using whole blood flow cytometry to identify and characterize human monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate, and non-classical). We outline how to prepare the blood samples for flow cytometry, gate the subsets (ensure contaminating cells have been removed), and determine monocyte subset expression of surface markers - in this example M1 and M2 markers. This protocol can be extended to other studies that require a standard gating method for assessing monocyte subset proportions and monocyte subset expression of other functional markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Marimuthu
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Research Centre, Westmead Hospital; Westmead Clinical School, Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney
| | - Habib Francis
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Research Centre, Westmead Hospital; Westmead Clinical School, Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney
| | - Suat Dervish
- Westmead Research Hub, Westmead Institute for Medical Research
| | - Stephen C H Li
- Institute for Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital
| | - Heather Medbury
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Research Centre, Westmead Hospital; Westmead Clinical School, Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney;
| | - Helen Williams
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Research Centre, Westmead Hospital; Westmead Clinical School, Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney
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Takheaw N, Laopajon W, Surinkaew S, Khummuang S, Pata S, Kasinrerk W. Ligation of Na, K ATPase β3 subunit on monocytes by a specific monoclonal antibody mediates T cell hypofunction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199717. [PMID: 29940031 PMCID: PMC6016913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a crucial role in orchestrating body immune responses. T cell hyperfunction, however, leads to inflammation and induction of autoimmune diseases. Understanding of T cell regulation mechanisms and successful modulation of T cell responses is beneficial in treatment of disease associated to T cell hyperresponsiveness. Our previous study indicated that monoclonal antibody (mAb) P-3E10, a mAb to Na, K ATPase β3 subunit, inhibited anti-CD3-induced PBMC proliferation. In the current study, we further investigated the mechanism of mAb P-3E10 in the induction of T cell hypofunction. We demonstrated that mAb P-3E10 decreased T cell proliferation and Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokine production. Monocytes were the cells playing a key role in mediation of mAb P-3E10 induced T cell hypofunction. The inhibition of T cell activation by mAb P-3E10 required cell contact between monocytes and T cells. The mAb P-3E10 induced the down-expression level of MHC class II and CD86 and increased IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α production of monocytes. We concluded that ligation of the Na, K ATPase β3 subunit on monocytes by mAb P-3E10 arbitrated T cell hypofunction. This mAb might be a promising novel immunotherapeutic antibody for the treatment of hyperresponsive T cell associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuchjira Takheaw
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Witida Laopajon
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Surinkaew
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Saichit Khummuang
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Supansa Pata
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Watchara Kasinrerk
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at the Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Aging impairs mitochondrial respiratory capacity in classical monocytes. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:112-117. [PMID: 29655929 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a critical healthcare concern, with age-related inflammation disposing individuals to a variety of diseases. Monocytes are affected by the aging process, with increased inflammation and impaired cellular functions such as phagocytosis. Mechanisms by which aging alters monocyte function are unknown, but recent research suggests that the balance of metabolic processes determine immune cell phenotype and function. Given the known association between aging and mitochondrial dysfunction in other tissues, we hypothesized that aging would impair mitochondrial function in monocytes. To test this, we isolated classical monocytes from young and older adults and tested mitochondrial function by a Seahorse assay. Aging reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity and spare capacity in monocytes. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a potential mechanism by which aging alters monocyte phenotype and may impair inflammatory functions, especially in low-glucose environments where oxidative metabolism is necessary to meet energy demands.
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Cignarella A, Tedesco S, Cappellari R, Fadini GP. The continuum of monocyte phenotypes: Experimental evidence and prognostic utility in assessing cardiovascular risk. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:1021-1028. [PMID: 29603382 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ru1217-477rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The monocyte-macrophage cell lineage represents a major player in innate immunity, and is involved in many physiologic and pathologic conditions. Particularly, monocyte-macrophages play a very important role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Monocyte heterogeneity is well recognized but the biologic and clinical meaning of the various monocyte subtypes is not entirely understood. Traditionally, monocytes can be divided in classical, intermediate, and nonclassical based on expression of the surface antigens CD14 and CD16. While macrophage diversity is now well recognized to organize as a continuum, monocyte subsets have long been considered as separated entities. However, mounting evidence obtained by tracking the ontology of human monocytes help clarifying that monocytes mature from classical to nonclassical ones, through an intermediate phenotype. This concept is therefore best depicted as a continuum, whereas the subdivision into discrete CD14/CD16 subsets appears an oversimplification. In this review, we discuss the evidence supporting the existence of a monocyte continuum along with the technical challenges of monocyte characterization. In particular, we describe the advantage of considering monocytes along a continuous distribution for the evaluation of cardiovascular risk. We make the point that small transition along the monocyte continuum better reflects cardiovascular risk than a simplified analysis of discrete monocyte subsets. Recognizing the monocyte continuum can be helpful to model other pathophysiologic conditions where these cells are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
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Zhang Y, Wu J, Liang JY, Huang X, Xia L, Ma DW, Xu XY, Wu PP. Association of serum lipids and severity of epithelial ovarian cancer: an observational cohort study of 349 Chinese patients. J Biomed Res 2018; 32:336-342. [PMID: 30249816 PMCID: PMC6163119 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.32.20170096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While obesity and fat intake have been associated with the risk and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer, the association between the lipid levels and epithelial ovarian cancer phenotype remains controversial. We conducted a retrospective study of 349 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who received treatment at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, China between 2011 and 2017. We analyzed age at diagnosis, blood pressure, plasma glucose content, body mass index (BMI), lipid levels and clinical parameters. Severity of epithelial ovarian cancer was classified according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grading system. Univariate analysis of the clinical factors according to the severity of epithelial ovarian cancer was followed by logistic regression analysis to identify clinical factors significantly associated with epithelial ovarian cancer severity. Univariate analysis indicated that age, BMI, triglyceride (TG), and high density lipoproteins (HDL) differed significantly among different stages of epithelial ovarian cancer (P<0.05). In the logistic regression model, elevated TG (OR: 1.883; 95% CI= 1.207-2.937), and low HDL (OR: 0.497; 95% CI= 0.298-0.829) levels were significantly associated with the high severity epithelial ovarian cancer. Our data indicate that high TG and low HDL levels correlate with a high severity of epithelial ovarian cancer. These data provide important insight into the potential relationship between the lipid pathway and epithelial ovarian cancer phenotype and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jun-Ya Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Da-Wei Ma
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xin-Yu Xu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ping-Ping Wu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
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Yang G, Lei Y, Inoue A, Piao L, Hu L, Jiang H, Sasaki T, Wu H, Xu W, Yu C, Zhao G, Ogasawara S, Okumura K, Kuzuya M, Cheng XW. Exenatide mitigated diet-induced vascular aging and atherosclerotic plaque growth in ApoE-deficient mice under chronic stress. Atherosclerosis 2017; 264:1-10. [PMID: 28734203 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exposure to psychosocial stress is a risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. Because the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) agonist prevents cardiovascular injury, we investigated the beneficial effects and mechanism of the GLP-1 analogue exenatide on stress-related vascular senescence and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. METHODS ApoE-/- mice fed the HF diet were assigned to non-stressed and immobilized-stress groups for 12 weeks. Mice fed the HF diet were divided into 2 groups and administered vehicle or exenatide for 12 weeks under stress conditions. RESULTS Chronic stress enhanced vascular endothelial senescence and atherosclerotic plaque growth. The stress increased the levels of plasma depeptidyl peptidase-4 activity and decreased the levels of plasma GLP-1 and both plasma and adipose adiponectin (APN). As compared with the mice subjected to stress alone, the exenatide-treated mice had decreased plaque microvessel density, macrophage accumulation, broken elastin, and enhanced plaque collagen volume, and lowered levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, gp91phox osteopontin, C-X-C chemokine receptor-4, toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2), TLR4, and cathepsins K, L, and S mRNAs and/or proteins. Exenatide reduced aortic matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 gene expression and activities. Exenatide also stimulated APN expression of preadipocytes and inhibited ox-low density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation of monocytes in stressed mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the exenatide-mediated beneficial vascular actions are likely attributable, at least in part, to the enhancement of APN production and the attenuation of plaque oxidative stress, inflammation, and proteolysis in ApoE-/- mice under chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan; Department of Community Health & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China; Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi P. R., 541004, China
| | - Haiying Jiang
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 4313192, Japan
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wenhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China; Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan
| | - Chenglin Yu
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China; Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan
| | - Guangxian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China
| | - Shinyu Ogasawara
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan
| | - Kenji Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan; Department of Community Health & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan
| | - Xian-Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, Jilin PR., 13000, China; Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan; Department of Community Health & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 4668550, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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