1
|
Zhang H, Leng S, Gao F, Kovalik JP, Tan RS, Wee HN, Chua KV, Ching J, Zhao X, Allen J, Wu Q, Leiner T, Zhong L, Koh AS. Longitudinal aortic strain, ventriculo-arterial coupling and fatty acid oxidation: novel insights into human cardiovascular aging. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01127-x. [PMID: 38514519 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging-induced aortic stiffness has been associated with altered fatty acid metabolism. We studied aortic stiffness using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-assessed ventriculo-arterial coupling (VAC) and novel aortic (AO) global longitudinal strain (GLS) combined with targeted metabolomic profiling. Among community older adults without cardiovascular disease, VAC was calculated as aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness, divided by left ventricular (LV) GLS. AOGLS was the maximum absolute strain measured by tracking the phasic distance between brachiocephalic artery origin and aortic annulus. In 194 subjects (71 ± 8.6 years; 88 women), AOGLS (mean 5.6 ± 2.1%) was associated with PWV (R = -0.3644, p < 0.0001), LVGLS (R = 0.2756, p = 0.0001) and VAC (R = -0.3742, p <0.0001). Stiff aorta denoted by low AOGLS <4.26% (25th percentile) was associated with age (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04-1.24, p = 0.007), body mass index (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01-1.25, p = 0.03), heart rate (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.06, p = 0.011) and metabolites of medium-chain fatty acid oxidation: C8 (OR 1.005, p = 0.026), C10 (OR 1.003, p = 0.036), C12 (OR 1.013, p = 0.028), C12:2-OH/C10:2-DC (OR 1.084, p = 0.032) and C16-OH (OR 0.82, p = 0.006). VAC was associated with changes in long-chain hydroxyl and dicarboxyl carnitines. Multivariable models that included acyl-carnitine metabolites, but not amino acids, significantly increased the discrimination over clinical risk factors for prediction of AOGLS (AUC [area-under-curve] 0.73 to 0.81, p = 0.037) and VAC (AUC 0.78 to 0.87, p = 0.0044). Low AO GLS and high VAC were associated with altered medium-chain and long-chain fatty acid oxidation, respectively, which may identify early metabolic perturbations in aging-associated aortic stiffening. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02791139.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhou Zhang
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Shuang Leng
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Fei Gao
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Jean-Paul Kovalik
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Singapore General Hospital, 31 Third Hospital Ave, Singapore, 168753, Singapore
| | - Ru-San Tan
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Hai Ning Wee
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Kee Voon Chua
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Jianhong Ching
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Rd, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore
| | - John Allen
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Liang Zhong
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Angela S Koh
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Metri NJ, Butt AS, Murali A, Steiner-Lim GZ, Lim CK. Normative Data on Serum and Plasma Tryptophan and Kynurenine Concentrations from 8089 Individuals Across 120 Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Tryptophan Res 2023; 16:11786469231211184. [PMID: 38034059 PMCID: PMC10687991 DOI: 10.1177/11786469231211184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a normative dataset is generated from the published literature on the kynurenine pathway in control participants extracted from case-control and methodological validation studies. Study characteristics were mapped, and studies were evaluated in terms of analytical rigour and methodological validation. Meta-analyses of variance between types of instruments, sample matrices and metabolites were conducted. Regression analyses were applied to determine the relationship between metabolite, sample matrix, biological sex, participant age and study age. The grand mean concentrations of tryptophan in the serum and plasma were 60.52 ± 15.38 μM and 51.45 ± 10.47 μM, respectively. The grand mean concentrations of kynurenine in the serum and plasma were 1.96 ± 0.51 μM and 1.82 ± 0.54 μM, respectively. Regional differences in metabolite concentrations were observed across America, Asia, Australia, Europe and the Middle East. Of the total variance within the data, mode of detection (MOD) accounted for up to 2.96%, sample matrix up to 3.23%, and their interaction explained up to 1.53%; the latter of which was determined to be negligible. This review was intended to inform future empirical research and method development studies and successfully synthesised pilot data. The pilot data reported in this study will inform future precision medicine initiatives aimed at targeting the kynurenine pathway by improving the availability and quality of normative data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najwa-Joelle Metri
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Ali S Butt
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Ava Murali
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Genevieve Z Steiner-Lim
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Chai K Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balasubramanian R, Shutta KH, Guasch-Ferre M, Huang T, Jha SC, Zhu Y, Shadyab AH, Manson JE, Corella D, Fitó M, Hu FB, Rexrode KM, Clish CB, Hankinson SE, Kubzansky LD. Metabolomic profiles of chronic distress are associated with cardiovascular disease risk and inflammation-related risk factors. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:262-274. [PMID: 37557964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic psychological distress is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and investigators have posited inflammatory factors may be centrally involved in these relationships. However, mechanistic evidence and molecular underpinnings of these processes remain unclear, and data are particularly sparse among women. This study examined if a metabolite profile linked with distress was associated with increased CVD risk and inflammation-related risk factors. METHODS A plasma metabolite-based distress score (MDS) of twenty chronic psychological distress-related metabolites was developed in cross-sectional, 1:1 matched case-control data comprised of 558 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 279 women with distress, 279 controls). This MDS was then evaluated in two other cohorts: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Cohort (WHI-OS) and the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) trial. We tested the MDS's association with risk of future CVD in each sample and with levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the WHI-OS. The WHI-OS subsample included 944 postmenopausal women (472 CHD cases; mean time to event = 5.8 years); the PREDIMED subsample included 980 men and women (224 CVD cases, mean time to event = 3.1 years). RESULTS In the WHI-OS, a 1-SD increase in the plasma MDS was associated with a 20% increased incident CHD risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04 - 1.38), adjusting for known CVD risk factors excluding total and HDL cholesterol. This association was attenuated after including total and HDL cholesterol. CRP mediated an average 12.9% (95% CI: 4.9% - 28%, p < 10-15) of the total effect of MDS on CHD risk when adjusting for matching factors. This effect was attenuated after adjusting for known CVD risk factors. Of the metabolites in the MDS, tryptophan and threonine were inversely associated with incident CHD risk in univariate models. In PREDIMED, each one SD increase in the MDS was associated with an OR of 1.19 (95% CI: 1.00 - 1.41) for incident CVD risk, after adjusting all risk factors. Similar associations were observed in men and women. Four metabolites in the MDS were associated with incident CVD risk in PREDIMED in univariate models. Biliverdin and C36:5 phosphatidylcholine (PC) plasmalogen had inverse associations; C16:0 ceramide and C18:0 lysophosphatidylethanolamine(LPE) each had positive associations with CVD risk. CONCLUSIONS Our study points to molecular alterations that may underlie the association between chronic distress and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Katherine H Shutta
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferre
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Shaili C Jha
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. University of Valencia, Valencia Spain and CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Epidemiology and Public Health program. Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain and CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, the United States of America
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fung E, Ng KH, Kwok T, Lui LT, Palaniswamy S, Chan Q, Lim LL, Wiklund P, Xie S, Turner C, Elshorbagy AK, Refsum H, Leung JCS, Kong APS, Chan JCN, Järvelin MR, Woo J. Divergent Survival Outcomes Associated with Elevated Branched-Chain Amino Acid Levels among Older Adults with or without Hypertension and Diabetes: A Validated, Prospective, Longitudinal Follow-Up Study. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1252. [PMID: 37627317 PMCID: PMC10452866 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids are critical metabolic intermediates that can indicate increased risk of cardiometabolic disease when levels are elevated or, alternatively, suggest sufficient mitochondrial energy metabolism and reserve in old age. The interpretation of BCAA levels can be context-dependent, and it remains unclear whether abnormal levels can inform prognosis. This prospective longitudinal study aimed to determine the interrelationship between mortality hazard and fasting serum BCAA levels among older men and women aged ≥65 years with or without hypertension and diabetes mellitus. At baseline (0Y), fasting serum BCAA concentration in 2997 community-living older men and women were measured. Approximately 14 years later (14Y), 860 study participants returned for repeat measurements. Deaths were analysed and classified into cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular causes using International Classification of Diseases codes. Survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression were performed. During a median follow-up of 17Y, 971 (78.6%) non-cardiovascular and 263 (21.4%) cardiovascular deaths occurred among 1235 (41.2%) deceased (median age, 85.8 years [IQR 81.7-89.7]). From 0Y to 14Y, BCAA levels declined in both sexes, whereas serum creatinine concentration increased (both p < 0.0001). In older adults without hypertension or diabetes mellitus, the relationship between mortality hazard and BCAA level was linear and above-median BCAA levels were associated with improved survival, whereas in the presence of cardiometabolic disease the relationship was U-shaped. Overall, adjusted Cox regression determined that each 10% increment in BCAA concentration was associated with a 7% (p = 0.0002) and 16% (p = 0.0057) reduction in mortality hazard estimated at 0Y and 14Y, respectively. Our findings suggested that abnormally high or low (dyshomeostatic) BCAA levels among older adults with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus were associated with increased mortality, whereas in those with neither disease, increased BCAA levels was associated with improved survival, particularly in the oldest-old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Fung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Cardiac Research Centre and Laboratory for Heart Failure + Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Neural, Vascular, Metabolic Biology Programme, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Kwan Hung Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Cardiac Research Centre and Laboratory for Heart Failure + Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Timothy Kwok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CUHK Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Leong-Ting Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Cardiac Research Centre and Laboratory for Heart Failure + Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Saranya Palaniswamy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Queenie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Lee-Ling Lim
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Asia Diabetes Foundation, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Petri Wiklund
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- The Exercise Translational Medicine Center and Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Suyi Xie
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Gerald Choa Cardiac Research Centre and Laboratory for Heart Failure + Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheryl Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Amany K. Elshorbagy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
- Department of Public Health and Primary Healthcare, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Helga Refsum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jason C. S. Leung
- CUHK Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice P. S. Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Asia Diabetes Foundation, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juliana C. N. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Asia Diabetes Foundation, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Safari-Alighiarloo N, Mani-Varnosfaderani A, Madani NH, Tabatabaei SM, Babaei MR, Khamseh ME. Potential metabolic biomarkers of critical limb ischemia in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolomics 2023; 19:66. [PMID: 37452163 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant risk factor for the development of critical limb ischemia (CLI), the most advanced stage of peripheral arterial disease. The concurrent existence of T2DM and CLI often leads to adverse outcomes, namely limb amputation. OBJECTIVE To identify biomarkers for improving the screening of CLI in high-risk people with T2DM. METHODS We investigated metabolome profiles in serum samples of 113 T2DM people with CLI (n = 23, G2) and without CLI (n = 45, G0: no lower limb stenosis (LLS) and n = 45, G1: LLS < 50%), using hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) approach. Principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to analyze 1H NMR data. RESULTS Twenty potential metabolites that could discriminate people with T2DM and CLI (G2) from non-CLI patients without LLS (G0) were determined in serum samples. The correct percent of classification for the PLS-DA model for the test set samples was 85% (n = 20) and 100% (n = 5) for G0 and G2 groups, respectively. Non-CLI patients with LLS < 50% (G1) were projected on the PCA abstract space built using 20 discriminatory metabolites. Eleven people with T2DM and LLS < 50% were prospectively followed, and their ankle-brachial index (ABI) was measured after 4 years. A promising agreement existed between the PCA model's predictions and those obtained by ABI values. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that confirmation of blood potential metabolic biomarkers as a complement to ABI for screening of CLI in a large group of high-risk people with T2DM is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Safari-Alighiarloo
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Institute, Firoozeh Alley, Valiasr Square, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Mani-Varnosfaderani
- Chemometrics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nahid Hashemi Madani
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei
- Medical Informatics Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Babaei
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad E Khamseh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Okekunle AP, Lee H, Provido SMP, Chung GH, Hong S, Yu SH, Lee CB, Lee JE. Dietary intakes of branched-chain amino acids and plasma lipid profiles among filipino women in Korea: the Filipino Women's Diet and Health Study (FiLWHEL). Nutr J 2023; 22:34. [PMID: 37430285 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00861-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential role of dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in metabolic health, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, is evolving, and it is yet to be understood if dietary BCAA intakes are associated with plasma lipid profiles or dyslipidaemia. This study tested the association of dietary BCAA intakes with plasma lipid profiles and dyslipidaemia among Filipino women in Korea. METHODS Energy-adjusted dietary BCAA intakes (isoleucine, leucine, valine, and total BCAA) and fasting blood profiles of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined in a sample of 423 women enrolled in the Filipino Women's Diet and Health Study (FiLWHEL). The generalized linear model was applied to estimate least-square (LS) means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and compare plasma TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C across tertile distribution of energy-adjusted dietary BCAA intakes at P < 0.05. RESULTS Mean of energy-adjusted dietary total BCAA intake was 8.3 ± 3.9 g/d. Average plasma lipid profiles were 88.5 ± 47.4 mg/dl for TG, 179.7 ± 34.5 mg/dl for TC, 58.0 ± 13.7 mg/dl for HDL-C, and 104.0 ± 30.5 mg/dl for LDL-C. LS means, and 95% CIs across tertiles of energy-adjusted total BCAA intakes were 89.9 mg/dl, 88.8 mg/dl and 85.8 mg/dl (P-trend = 0.45) for TG, 179.1 mg/dl, 183.6 mg/dl and 176.5 mg/dl (P-trend = 0.48) for TC, 57.5 mg/dl, 59.6 mg/dl and 57.1 mg/dl (P-trend = 0.75) for HDL-C and 103.6 mg/dl, 106.2 mg/dl and 102.3 mg/dl (P-trend = 0.68) for LDL-C. Furthermore, the multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for dyslipidaemia across increasing tertile distribution of energy-adjusted total BCAA intake were; 1.00, 0.67 (0.40, 1.13) and 0.45 (0.16, 1.27; P-trend = 0.03) for the first, second and third tertile, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Higher dietary intakes of BCAA presented a statistically significant inverse trend with the prevalence of dyslipidaemia among Filipino women in this study and testing these associations in longitudinal studies may be necessary to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Grants
- 2020H1D3A1A04081265 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2020H1D3A1A04081265 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 0448A-2021077 Seoul National University Asia Center
- 201300000001270 Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Korea
- 201300000001270 Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Korea
- 201300000001270 Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Korea
- 201300000001270 Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Korea
- 201600000000225 Chong Kun Dang Pharm., Seoul, Korea
- 201600000000225 Chong Kun Dang Pharm., Seoul, Korea
- 201600000000225 Chong Kun Dang Pharm., Seoul, Korea
- 201600000000225 Chong Kun Dang Pharm., Seoul, Korea
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak- ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Heejin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak- ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sherlyn Mae P Provido
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak- ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Grace H Chung
- Department of Child Development & Family Studies, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sangmo Hong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 153 Gyeongchun-ro, Guri, 11923, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 153 Gyeongchun-ro, Guri, 11923, Korea
| | - Chang Beom Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 153 Gyeongchun-ro, Guri, 11923, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak- ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao H, Li K, Wei J, Lin Y, Liu Y. The contradictory role of branched-chain amino acids in lifespan and insulin resistance. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1189982. [PMID: 37408986 PMCID: PMC10318341 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1189982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; a mixture of leucine, valine and isoleucine) have important regulatory effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, protein synthesis and longevity. Many studies have reported that circulating BCAA levels or dietary intake of BCAAs is associated with longevity, sarcopenia, obesity, and diabetes. Among them, the influence of BCAAs on aging and insulin resistance often present different benefits or harmful effects in the elderly and in animals. Considering the nonobvious correlation between circulating BCAA levels and BCAA uptake, as well as the influence of diseases, diet and aging on the body, some of the contradictory conclusions have been drawn. The regulatory mechanism of the remaining contradictory role may be related to endogenous branched-chain amino acid levels, branched-chain amino acid metabolism and mTOR-related autophagy. Furthermore, the recent discovery that insulin resistance may be independent of longevity has expanded the research thinking related to the regulatory mechanism among the three. However, the negative effects of BCAAs on longevity and insulin resistance were mostly observed in high-fat diet-fed subjects or obese individuals, while the effects in other diseases still need to be studied further. In conclusion, there is still no definite conclusion on the specific conditions under which BCAAs and insulin resistance extend life, shorten life, or do not change lifespan, and there is still no credible and comprehensive explanation for the different effects of BCAAs and insulin resistance on lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Taian, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Krishnamurthy HK, Reddy S, Jayaraman V, Krishna K, Song Q, Wang T, Bei K, Rajasekaran JJ. Preliminary Study on the Association of Serum Branched-Chain Amino Acids With Lipid and Hepatic Markers. Cardiol Res 2023; 14:167-175. [PMID: 37304913 PMCID: PMC10257501 DOI: 10.14740/cr1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Serum levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with various vital physiological functions and thus elevation in circulating levels results in several metabolic disturbances. Serum levels of BCAAs are strong predictors of various metabolic disorders. Their association with cardiovascular health is uncertain. The study aimed to investigate the association of BCAAs with circulating levels of vital cardiovascular and hepatic markers. Methods The study population of 714 individuals was included from the population tested for the vital cardio and hepatic biomarkers at the Vibrant America Clinical Laboratories. The subjects were stratified into four quartiles based on the serum levels of BCAAs, and their association with vital markers was studied using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Pearson's correlation analyzed the univariant relationship of BCAAs with selected cardio and hepatic markers. Results BCAAs exhibited a strong negative correlation with serum HDL. Serum triglycerides were found to have a positive correlation with serum levels of leucine and valine. Univariant analysis exhibited a strong negative correlation between serum levels of BCAAs and HDL, and a positive correlation was observed between triglycerides and amino acids isoleucine and leucine. Among analyzed hepatic markers, alanine transaminase exhibited a considerable association with BCAAs. Conclusions The elevated levels of serum BCAAs are strongly associated with serum HDL and triglycerides. Consumption of these supplements must be in coordination with healthcare providers to avoid metabolic and cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qi Song
- Vibrant America LLC., San Carlos, CA, USA
| | - Tianhao Wang
- Vibrant Sciences LLC., San Carlos, CA 94070, USA
| | - Kang Bei
- Vibrant Sciences LLC., San Carlos, CA 94070, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Circulating Amino Acids and Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease in the PREDIMED Trial. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010270. [PMID: 36613713 PMCID: PMC9820556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective prevention and risk prediction are important for peripheral artery disease (PAD) due to its poor prognosis and the huge disease burden it produces. Circulating amino acids (AA) and their metabolites may serve as biomarkers of PAD risk, but they have been scarcely investigated. The objective was to prospectively analyze the associations of baseline levels of plasma AA (and their pathways) with subsequent risk of PAD and the potential effect modification by a nutritional intervention with the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). A matched case-control study was nested in the PREDIMED trial, in which participants were randomized to three arms: MedDiet with tree nut supplementation group, MedDiet with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) supplementation group or control group (low-fat diet). One hundred and sixty-seven PAD cases were matched with 250 controls. Plasma AA was measured with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry at the Broad Institute. Baseline tryptophan, serine and threonine were inversely associated with PAD (ORfor 1 SD increase = 0.78 (0.61-0.99); 0.67 (0.51-0.86) and 0.75 (0.59-0.95), respectively) in a multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression model. The kynurenine/tryptophan ratio was directly associated with PAD (ORfor 1 SD increase = 1.50 (1.14-1.98)). The nutritional intervention with the MedDiet+nuts modified the association between threonine and PAD (p-value interaction = 0.018) compared with the control group. However, subjects allocated to the MedDiet+EVOO group were protected against PAD independently of baseline threonine. Plasma tryptophan, kynurenine/tryptophan ratio, serine and threonine might serve as early biomarkers of future PAD in subjects at a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The MedDiet supplemented with EVOO exerted a protective effect, regardless of baseline levels of threonine.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferreira-Divino LF, Suvitaival T, Rotbain Curovic V, Tofte N, Trošt K, Mattila IM, Theilade S, Winther SA, Hansen TW, Frimodt-Møller M, Legido-Quigley C, Rossing P. Circulating metabolites and molecular lipid species are associated with future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in type 1 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:135. [PMID: 35850688 PMCID: PMC9295441 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in individuals with diabetes and improved understanding of its pathophysiology is needed. We investigated the association of a large panel of metabolites and molecular lipid species with future cardiovascular events in type 1 diabetes. Methods The study included 669 individuals with type 1 diabetes. Non-targeted serum metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed using mass spectrometry. Data on cardiovascular events (cardiovascular mortality, coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial interventions) were obtained from Danish Health registries and analyzed by Cox hazards models. Metabolites and molecular lipid species were analyzed in univariate models adjusted for false discovery rate (FDR). Metabolites and molecular lipid species fulfilling a pFDR < 0.05 were subsequently analyzed in adjusted models including age, sex, hemoglobin A1c, mean arterial pressure, smoking, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin excretion rate and previous cardiovascular disease. Analyses of molecular lipid species were further adjusted for triglycerides and statin use. Results Of the included participants, 55% were male and mean age was 55 ± 13 years. Higher 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HR 1.35, CI [1.01–1.80], p = 0.04) and lower threonine (HR 0.81, CI [0.67–0.98] p = 0.03) were associated with development of cardiovascular events (n = 95). In lipidomics analysis, higher levels of three different species, diacyl-phosphatidylcholines (PC)(36:2) (HR 0.82, CI [0.70–0.98], p = 0.02), alkyl-acyl-phosphatidylcholines (PC-O)(34:2) (HR 0.76, CI [0.59–0.98], p = 0.03) and (PC-O)(34:3) (HR 0.75, CI [0.58–0.97], p = 0.03), correlated with lower risk of cardiovascular events, whereas higher sphingomyelin (SM)(34:1) (HR 1.32, CI [1.04–1.68], p = 0.02), was associated with an increased risk. Conclusions Circulating metabolites and molecular lipid species were associated with future cardiovascular events in type 1 diabetes. While the causal effect of these biomolecules on the cardiovascular system remains unknown, our findings support that omics-based technologies, although still in an early phase, may have the potential to unravel new pathways and biomarkers in the field of cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-022-01568-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tommi Suvitaival
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Nete Tofte
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kajetan Trošt
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ismo M Mattila
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Simone Theilade
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,The Department of Medicine, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe A Winther
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tine W Hansen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marie Frimodt-Møller
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu L, Zhu Q, Li Y, Song P, Zhang J. Dietary Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) and Risk of Dyslipidemia in a Chinese Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091824. [PMID: 35565798 PMCID: PMC9103899 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between dietary BCAAs, blood lipid levels and risk of dyslipidemia. In this case−control study, a total of 9541 subjects with normal blood lipids were included as a control group, and 9792 patients with dyslipidemia were included as a case group. Dietary BCAA intake data were measured using 3-day 24 h meal recalls and household condiment weighing. All samples were from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015). Generalized linear model, logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary BCAAs, blood lipids and dyslipidemia. After adjusting for confounding factors, dietary BCAAs were positively correlated with TC and LDL-C (p < 0.05). Higher dietary BCAAs were associated with higher OR for Hypercholesteremia (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05−1.58, p-trend = 0.034). The ORs of Hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia showed inverted U-shaped with increasing dietary BCAAs (Q3 vs. Q1, OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03−1.39; Q2 vs. Q1, OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01−1.31). The relationship between dietary BCAAs and the risk of Hypercholesteremia and Hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia were both nonlinear (p nonlinearity = 0.0059, 0.0198). Our study reveals that dietary BCAAs are associated with specific types of lipids and risk of dyslipidemia, some of which may be non-linear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianlong Yu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (L.Y.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Qianrang Zhu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (L.Y.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Yuqian Li
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (L.Y.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Pengkun Song
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (L.Y.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (L.Y.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6623-7174
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu B, Wang M, Pu L, Shu C, Li L, Han L. Association of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids with long-term risks of CVD, cancer and all-cause mortality. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-11. [PMID: 34930509 PMCID: PMC9991783 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021004948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the associations between dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) intake and long-term risks of CVD, cancer and all-cause mortality in nationwide survey participants aged ≥ 18. DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study. Dietary intakes of BCAA (leucine, isoleucine and valine) were determined from the total nutrient intake document. The main outcomes were CVD, cancer and all-cause mortality. SETTING A nationally representative sample of US adults were recruited by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) from 1988 to 1994. PARTICIPANTS A total of 14 397 adults aged ≥ 18 who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III) were included. RESULTS During 289 406 person-years of follow-up, we identified 4219 deaths, including 1133 from CVD and 926 from cancer. After multivariate adjustment, the hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) of all-cause mortality in the highest dietary BCAA and isoleucine intake quintile (reference: lowest quintiles) were 0·68 (0·48, 0·97) and 0·68 (0·48, 0·97), respectively. Each one-standard-deviation increase in total dietary BCAA or isoleucine intake was associated with an 18 % or 21 % decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. The serum triglyceride (TAG) concentration was found to modify the association between the dietary BCAA intake and all-cause mortality (Pfor interaction = 0·008). CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative cohort, higher dietary intakes of BCAA and isoleucine were independently associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, and these associations were stronger in participants with higher serum TAG concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Xu
- Department of Nutrition, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Global Health, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang153000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Pu
- Department of Global Health, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang153000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Shu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Global Health, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang153000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Han
- Department of Global Health, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang153000, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hu W, Liu Z, Yu W, Wen S, Wang X, Qi X, Hao H, Lu Y, Li J, Li S, Zhou H. Effects of PPM1K rs1440581 and rs7678928 on serum branched-chain amino acid levels and risk of cardiovascular disease. Ann Med 2021; 53:1316-1326. [PMID: 34382495 PMCID: PMC8366658 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1965204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of PPM1K rs1440581 and rs7678928 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the serum branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. METHODS Anthropometric and biochemical examinations were performed at baseline and the end of 4 years in 234 individuals who were randomly recruited from the Diabetes Prevention Programme in Huai'an and received lifestyle intervention and follow up for 4 years. Serum BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine and valine (Val)) levels were measured by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method and the PPM1K rs1440581 and rs7678928 were detected by high-throughput SNP genotyping at baseline. The associations of rs1440581 and rs7678928 with serum BCAA levels and risk for CVD after 4 years were further evaluated. RESULTS The distribution frequencies of PPM1K rs1440581 and rs7678928 met the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p> .05). The baseline serum levels of Val (p = .022) and total BCAAs (p = .026) in subjects with rs1440581 CC genotype were higher than in those with TT genotype. There were no significant differences in the serum levels of BCAAs among subjects with different genotypes of rs7678928. After 4-year follow-up, the subjects with rs1440581 CC genotype had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = .027), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p = .019), triglycerides (TGs) (p = .019) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (p = .008) than those with TT genotype, and had higher AST level than those with TT (p = .030) or TC (p = .003) genotype; the subjects with rs7678928 TT genotype had higher SBP (p = .039) and DBP (p = .019) and lower HDL-c than those with CC (p = .017) genotype. Lifestyle intervention had little influence on the serum levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TG, HDL-c, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), AST and creatinine (CREA) in subjects with rs1440581 CC genotype or rs7678928 TT genotype (p> .05). The incidences of CVD and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in subjects with rs1440581 CC genotype were higher than in those with TT genotype; the incidence of CVD in subjects with rs7678928 TT genotype was higher than in those with CC (p < .05) genotype. CONCLUSIONS Allele C of PPM1K rs1440581 was associated with elevated serum Val, total BCAAs and CVD risks. rs1440581 CC genotype may be a better marker than baseline serum BCAAs in predicting the risk for CVD. TRIAL REGISTRATION Diabetes Prevention Programme in Huai'an of Huai'an Second People's Hospital, ChiCTR-TRC-14005029.KEY MESSAGEAllele C of PPM1K rs1440581 was relevant to elevated serum Val and total BCAAs.PPM1K rs1440581 CC and rs7678928 TT genotypes were associated with CVD risk.PPM1K rs1440581 CC genotype carriers were more likely to have liver injury and develop NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Weinan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Surong Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Xing Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Hairong Hao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Yanwen Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Shayan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Hongwen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen S, Luan H, He J, Wang Y, Liu S, Li Y, Zeng X, Yuan H. Serum concentrations of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) are related to coronary arteriostenosis in Takayasu arteritis. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23966. [PMID: 34709671 PMCID: PMC8649385 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serum small dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL‐C) and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels are related to coronary disease, but their specific associations with coronary arteriostenosis in Takayasu arteritis (TA) have not been ascertained. This study explored the correlations between serum sdLDL‐C and Lp(a) levels and coronary arteriostenosis in TA patients as well as the degree of artery stenosis. Methods This retrospective study included 190 TA patients and 154 healthy subjects. TA patients were divided into three categories based on the degree of coronary stenosis: Group I, stenosis >50%; Group II, stenosis 1%–50%; and Group III, stenosis 0%. Independent risk factors for coronary arteriostenosis in TA were identified by logistic regression, followed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to determine the specificity and sensitivity of risk factors and Youden's Index score calculation to determine the cutoff points. Results Takayasu arteritis patients had significantly higher serum levels of sdLDL‐C and Lp(a) than healthy controls (p < 0.0001). The total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL‐C, sdLDL‐C, and Lp(a) levels and the sdLDL‐C/LDL‐C ratio in Group I were significantly higher than those in Groups II and III (p < 0.05). An elevated serum sdLDL‐C level elevated the risk of coronary arteriostenosis by 5‐fold (cutoff value, 0.605 mmol/l). An increased serum Lp(a) level increased the risk of coronary arteriostenosis by 3.9‐fold (cutoff value, 0.045 g/l). An elevated sdLDL‐C/LDL‐C ratio increased the risk of coronary arteriostenosis by 2.1‐fold (cutoff value, 0.258). Conclusions Serum sdLDL‐C and Lp(a) levels and sdLDL‐C/LDL‐C ratio may be used as diagnostic factors for coronary arteriostenosis in TA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Luan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Physiological Functions of Threonine in Animals: Beyond Nutrition Metabolism. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082592. [PMID: 34444752 PMCID: PMC8399342 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Threonine (Thr), an essential amino acid for animals and the limiting amino acid in swine and poultry diets, which plays a vital role in the modulation of nutritional metabolism, macromolecular biosynthesis, and gut homeostasis. Current evidence supports that the supplementation of Thr leads to benefits in terms of energy metabolism. Threonine is not only an important component of gastrointestinal mucin, but also acts as a nutritional modulator that influences the intestinal immune system via complex signaling networks, particularly mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the target of the rapamycin (TOR) signal pathway. Threonine is also recognized as an indispensable nutrient for cell growth and proliferation. Hence, optimization of Thr requirement may exert a favorable impact on the factors linked to health and diseases in animals. This review focuses on the latest reports of Thr in metabolic pathways and nutritional regulation, as well as the relationship between Thr and relevant physiological functions.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang M, Xu J, Zhang Y, Yang N, Ge W, Song R. Integrated multiplatform-based metabonomics and network analysis to explore the mechanism of Polygonum cuspidatum on hyperlipidemia. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1176:122769. [PMID: 34058527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor and pathological basis for cardiovascular diseases. Polygonum cuspidatum (HZ), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is frequently used to treat hyperlipidemia. However, little is known about its underlying mechanism. Herein, an integrated approach combining multiplatform-based metabonomics and network analysis was adopted to elucidate the ameliorative mechanism of HZ on hyperlipidemia. The global metabolomic characters of HZ on hyperlipidemia were investigated by GC-MS and LC-MS based metabonomics. Significant metabonomic alterations were observed in hyperlipidemic group, which could be restored by HZ supplementation. Furthermore, the drug-ingredients-target-metabolic pathway network was constructed, and the result indicated that HZ exhibited hypolipidemic efficacy through resveratrol, polydatin, torachrysone-8-O-β-D-(6'-oxayl)-glucoside, physciondiglucoside, (+)-catechin, β-sitosterol, quercetin, luteolin and physovenine acting on phospholipase A2, unspecific monooxygenase, arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase, aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase, alcohol dehydrogenase and triacylglycerol lipase. In conclusion, this study explored potential mechanism of HZ on hyperlipidemia with the aid of the integrated approach combining multiplatform-based metabonomics and network analysis, which might provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of HZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Xu
- China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Na Yang
- China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weihong Ge
- China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Rui Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Metabolomics of Interstitial Fluid, Plasma and Urine in Patients with Arterial Hypertension: New Insights into the Underlying Mechanisms. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110936. [PMID: 33187152 PMCID: PMC7698256 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that lymphatic system plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Here, for the first time, the metabolome of interstitial fluid is analyzed in patients with arterial hypertension. Due to ethical issues to obtain human interstitial fluid samples, this study included only oncological patients after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). These patients were matched into hypertensive (n = 29) and normotensive (n = 35) groups with similar oncological status. Simultaneous evaluation of interstitial fluid, plasma, and urine was obtained by combining high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy with chemometric analysis. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) provided a clear differentiation between the hypertension and normotensive group, with the discrimination visible in each biofluid. In interstitial fluid nine potential metabolomic biomarkers for hypertension could be identified (creatinine, proline, pyroglutamine, glycine, alanine, 1-methylhistidine, the lysyl group of albumin, threonine, lipids), seven distinct markers in plasma (creatinine, mannose, isobutyrate, glycine, alanine, lactate, acetate, ornithine), and seven respectively in urine (methylmalonate, citrulline, phenylacetylglycine, fumarate, citrate, 1-methylnicotinamide, trans-aconitate). Biomarkers in plasma and urine allowed for the identification of specific biochemical pathways involved in hypertension, as previously suggested. Analysis of the interstitial fluid metabolome provided additional biomarkers compared to plasma or urine. Those biomarkers reflected primarily alterations in the metabolism of lipids and amino acids, and indicated increased levels of oxidative stress/inflammation in patients with hypertension.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang Y, Zhang K, Zhu Z, Cui M, An Y, Wang Y, Suo C, Fan M, Jin L, Tian W, Chen X. Associations between serum metabolites and subclinical atherosclerosis in a Chinese population: the Taizhou Imaging Study. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15302-15313. [PMID: 32645693 PMCID: PMC7467377 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics provides a promising tool for understanding the pathophysiology and identifying biomarkers of atherosclerosis. We aimed to estimate the associations between circulating metabolites and subclinical atherosclerosis in a Chinese cohort. The baseline serum levels of 38 metabolites of 489 individuals were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance. Associations between metabolites and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were determined using a linear regression. A multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations of metabolites and subclinical atherosclerosis defined as high baPWV (>median) and increased IMT (>median). After adjusting for covariates and multiple testing corrections (false discovery rate; FDR), two branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; leucine and isoleucine), one ketone (acetoacetate), and two lipids were positively associated with baPWV. Lactate was inversely associated with IMT. Elevated acetoacetate levels (odds ratio: 1.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.20-1.97; FDR <0.001) and four other lipid features were associated with an increased risk of high baPWV. Alterations in circulating lipids and BCAAs were associated with the risk of arterial stiffness in the middle-aged Chinese population. Our findings provide clues to understanding the potential mechanisms of subclinical atherosclerosis; however, further validation in a broader population context and the exploration of potential clinical applications are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kexun Zhang
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanpeng An
- Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Suo
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Fan
- Taixing Disease Control and Prevention Center, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weizhong Tian
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingdong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Roberts JA, Varma VR, Huang CW, An Y, Oommen A, Tanaka T, Ferrucci L, Elango P, Takebayashi T, Harada S, Iida M, Thambisetty M. Blood Metabolite Signature of Metabolic Syndrome Implicates Alterations in Amino Acid Metabolism: Findings from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) and the Tsuruoka Metabolomics Cohort Study (TMCS). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1249. [PMID: 32070008 PMCID: PMC7072861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid lifestyle and dietary changes have contributed to a rise in the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which presents a potential healthcare crisis, owing to its association with an increased burden of multiple cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Prior work has identified the role that genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors can play in the prevalence of MetS. Metabolomics is an important tool to study alterations in biochemical pathways intrinsic to the pathophysiology of MetS. We undertook a metabolomic study of MetS in serum samples from two ethnically distinct, well-characterized cohorts-the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) from the U.S. and the Tsuruoka Metabolomics Cohort Study (TMCS) from Japan. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify metabolites that were associated with MetS in both cohorts. Among the top 25 most significant (lowest p-value) metabolite associations with MetS in each cohort, we identified 18 metabolites that were shared between TMCS and BLSA, the majority of which were classified as amino acids. These associations implicate multiple biochemical pathways in MetS, including branched-chain amino acid metabolism, glutathione production, aromatic amino acid metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Our results suggest that fundamental alterations in amino acid metabolism may be central features of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson A. Roberts
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (J.A.R.); (V.R.V.)
| | - Vijay R. Varma
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (J.A.R.); (V.R.V.)
| | - Chiung-Wei Huang
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (C.-W.H.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yang An
- Brain Aging and Behavior Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (C.-W.H.); (Y.A.)
| | - Anup Oommen
- Glycoscience Group, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91-TK33, Ireland;
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (T.T.); (L.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (T.T.); (L.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Palchamy Elango
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (T.T.); (L.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Toru Takebayashi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8282, Japan; (T.T.); (S.H.); (M.I.)
| | - Sei Harada
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8282, Japan; (T.T.); (S.H.); (M.I.)
| | - Miho Iida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8282, Japan; (T.T.); (S.H.); (M.I.)
| | - Madhav Thambisetty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; (J.A.R.); (V.R.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
High Altitude Adaptability and Meat Quality in Tibetan Pigs: A Reference for Local Pork Processing and Genetic Improvement. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121080. [PMID: 31817035 PMCID: PMC6940921 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The increase in altitude will bring about a complex change in a series of elements of nature, which will have a profound impact on human production and life. Studying domestic animals in the native environment is an effective way to explore the impact of high altitude on human life, and at the same time is conducive to the development of local animal husbandry. Here, we found that the hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan pigs may be related to higher levels of VEGFA, HIF1 and myoglobin expression. The higher aerobic oxidative capacity of Tibetan pigs is beneficial to improve energy utilization, and the higher UFA content of Tibetan pigs is beneficial to cold resistance. In addition, Tibetan pigs have higher levels of BCAA and Myh2 expression, which serve to relieve muscle fatigue and improve endurance. In addition, it was observed that there are obvious differences in carcass and meat quality traits of different altitudes pigs. Taken together, our findings illustrate the adaptability of Tibetan pigs to high altitude from various perspectives and compare carcass and meat quality traits of three pig breeds. Abstract The carcass and meat quality traits of pig breeds living at three different altitudes (Yorkshire pigs, YP: 500m; Qingyu Pigs, QYP: 1500m; Tibetan pigs, TP: 2500m) were compared. It was observed that there are obvious differences in pig breeds with respect to performance parameters. Specifically, YP had the best carcass traits, showing high slaughter rates and leanest meat. Conversely, QYP had the highest back fat thickness and intramuscular fat (IMF) content. For the high-altitude breed TP, the animals exhibited low L* and high a* values. The genotypes contributing to the observed phenotypes were supported by a PCR analysis. The glycolytic genes expression (HK, PFK, PK) were highest in YP, whereas expression of genes related to adipogenesis (C/EBPα, FABP4, SCD1) were highest in QYP. As expected, genes associated with angiogenesis and hypoxia (HIF1a, VEGFA) were expressed at the highest levels in TP. The composition and proportion of amino and fatty acids in pig muscles at the three altitudes examined also varied substantially. Among the breeds, TP had the highest proportion of umami amino acids, whereas QYP had the highest proportion of sweet amino acids. However, TP also exhibited the highest proportion of essential fatty acids and the lowest proportion of n6:n3. This study explains the high-altitude adaptive evolution and the formation of meat quality differences in different altitude pigs from various angles and provides a reference for local pork food processing and genetic improvement of local pigs.
Collapse
|