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Huang X, An X, Gao X, Wang N, Liu J, Zhang Y, Qi G, Zhang C. Serum amyloid A facilitates expansion of CD4 + T cell and CD19 + B cell subsets implicated in the severity of myasthenia gravis patients. J Neurochem 2024; 168:224-237. [PMID: 38214332 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a clinically useful inflammatory marker involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to explore the SAA levels in a cohort of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) in relation to disease-related clinical parameters and myasthenic crisis (MC) and elucidate the effects of SAA on immune response. A total of 82 MG patients including 50 new-onset MG patients and 32 MC patients were enrolled in this study. Baseline data and laboratory parameters of all enrolled MG patients were routinely recorded through electronic medical systems. SAA levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. CD4+ T and CD19+ B cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. In vitro, human recombinant SAA (Apo-SAA) was applied to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MG patients to observe the effect on T and B cell differentiation. Our results indicated that SAA levels in new-onset MG patients were higher than those in controls and were positively correlated with QMG score, MGFA classification, plasmablast cells, IL-6, and IL-17 levels. Subgroup analysis revealed that SAA levels were increased in generalized MG (GMG) patients than in ocular MG (OMG), as well as elevated in late-onset MG (LOMG) than in early-onset MG (EOMG) and higher in MGFA III/IV compared with MGFA I/II. The ROC curve demonstrated that SAA showed good diagnostic value for MC, especially when combined with NLR. In vitro, Apo-SAA promoted the Th1 cells, Th17 cells, plasmablast cells, and plasma cells differentiation in MG PBMCs. The present findings suggested that SAA was increased in MG patients and promoted expansion of CD4+ T cell and CD19+ B cell subsets, which implicated in the severity of MG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueting An
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyan Qi
- Center of Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis Hebei Province, First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Yu N, Peng C, Chen W, Sun Z, Zheng J, Zhang S, Ding Y, Shi Y. Circulating Metabolomic Signature in Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Blunts Monocyte Hyperinflammation by Triggering Amino Acid Response. Front Immunol 2021; 12:739514. [PMID: 34567002 PMCID: PMC8455999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.739514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP), the most grievous variant of psoriasis, is featured by dysregulated systemic inflammatory response. The cellular and molecular basis of GPP is poorly understood. Blood monocytes are key players of host defense and producers of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β. How the immune response of monocytes is affected by metabolic internal environment in GPP remains unclear. Here, we performed a metabolomic and functional investigation of GPP serum and monocytes. We demonstrated a significant increase in IL-1β production from GPP monocytes. In GPP circulation, serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute-phase reactant, was dramatically increased, which induced the release of IL-1β from monocytes in a NLRP3-dependent manner. Using metabolomic analysis, we showed that GPP serum exhibited an amino acid starvation signature, with glycine, histidine, asparagine, methionine, threonine, lysine, valine, isoleucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, alanine, proline, taurine and cystathionine being markedly downregulated. In functional assay, under amino acid starvation condition, SAA-stimulated mature IL-1β secretion was suppressed. Mechanistically, at post-transcriptional level, amino acid starvation inhibited the SAA-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, the immune-modulatory effect of amino acid starvation was blocked by silencing general control nonderepressible 2 kinase (GCN2), suggesting the involvement of amino acid response (AAR) pathway. Collectively, our results suggested that decreased serum amino acids in GPP blunted the innate immune response in blood monocytes through AAR pathway, serving as a feedback mechanism preventing excessive inflammation in GPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziwen Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangfeng Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Fatone MC. COVID-19: A Great Mime or a Trigger Event of Autoimmune Manifestations? Curr Rheumatol Rev 2020; 17:7-16. [PMID: 33019935 DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666201005122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Viruses can induce autoimmune diseases, in addition to genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Particularly, coronaviruses are mentioned among the viruses implicated in autoimmunity. Today, the world's greatest threat derives from the pandemic of a new human coronavirus, called "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the responsible agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). First case of COVID-19 was identified in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China, in December 2019 and quickly spread around the world. This review focuses on autoimmune manifestations described during COVID-19, including pro-thrombotic state associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), acute interstitial pneumonia, macrophage activation syndrome, lymphocytopenia, systemic vasculitis, and autoimmune skin lesions. This offers the opportunity to highlight the pathogenetic mechanisms common to COVID-19 and several autoimmune diseases in order to identify new therapeutic targets. In a supposed preliminary pathogenetic model, SARS-CoV-2 plays a direct role in triggering widespread microthrombosis and microvascular inflammation, because it is able to induce transient aPL, endothelial damage and complement activation at the same time. Hence, endothelium might represent the common pathway in which autoimmunity and infection converge. In addition, autoimmune phenomena in COVID-19 can be explained by regulatory T cells impairment and cytokines cascade.
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Najafi S, Rajaei E, Moallemian R, Nokhostin F. The potential similarities of COVID-19 and autoimmune disease pathogenesis and therapeutic options: new insights approach. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:3223-3235. [PMID: 32885345 PMCID: PMC7471540 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Cytokine pathways and their signaling disorders can be the cause of onset and pathogenesis of many diseases such as autoimmune diseases and COVID-19 infection. Autoimmune patients may be at higher risk of developing infection due to the impaired immune responses, the use of immunosuppressive drugs, and damage to various organs. Increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines and intolerance of the patient’s immune system to COVID-19 infection are the leading causes of hospitalization of these patients. The content used in this paper has been taken from English language articles (2005–2020) retrieved from the PubMed database and Google Scholar search engine using “COVID-19,” “Autoimmune disease,” “Therapeutic,” “Pathogenesis,” and “Pathway” keywords. The emergence of COVID-19 and its association with autoimmune disorders is a major challenge in the management of these diseases. The results showed that the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of autoimmune diseases can make diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 more challenging by preventing the fever. Due to the common pathogenesis of COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases, the use of autoimmune drugs as a possible treatment option could help control the virus. Key Points • Inflammatory cytokines play an essential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 • ACE2 dysfunctions are related to the with COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases • The use autoimmune diseases drugs can be useful in treating COVID-19
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Najafi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Rajaei
- Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Rezvan Moallemian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Forough Nokhostin
- Internal medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Sheng H, Li H, Wang R. Acute phase reactant serum amyloid A in inflammation and other diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2019; 90:25-80. [PMID: 31122611 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute-phase reactant serum amyloid A (A-SAA) plays an important role in acute and chronic inflammation and is used in clinical laboratories as an indicator of inflammation. Although both A-SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) are acute-phase proteins, the detection of A-SAA is more conclusive than the detection of CRP in patients with viral infections, severe acute pancreatitis, and rejection reactions to kidney transplants. A-SAA has greater clinical diagnostic value in patients who are immunosuppressed, patients with cystic fibrosis who are treated with corticoids, and preterm infants with late-onset sepsis. Nevertheless, for the assessment of the inflammation status and identification of viral infection in other pathologies, such as bacterial infections, the combinatorial use of A-SAA and other acute-phase proteins (APPs), such as CRP and procalcitonin (PCT), can provide more information and sensitivity than the use of any of these proteins alone, and the information generated is important in guiding antibiotic therapy. In addition, A-SAA-associated diseases and the diagnostic value of A-SAA are discussed. However, the relationship between different A-SAA isotypes and their human diseases are mostly derived from research laboratories with limited clinical samples. Thus, further clinical evaluations are necessary to confirm the clinical significance of each A-SAA isotype. Furthermore, the currently available A-SAA assays are based on polyclonal antibodies, which lack isotype specificity and are associated with many inflammatory diseases. Therefore, these assays are usually used in combination with other biomarkers in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Shanghai R&D Center, DiaSys Diagnostic Systems (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shanghai R&D Center, DiaSys Diagnostic Systems (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Sheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haichuan Li
- C.N. Maternity & Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongfang Wang
- Shanghai R&D Center, DiaSys Diagnostic Systems (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
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Cao Y, Xu S, Kong W, Cai H, Xu Y. Identification and validation of differentially expressed proteins in serum of CSU patients with different duration of wheals using an iTRAQ labeling, 2D-LC-MS/MS. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4527-4536. [PMID: 30542401 PMCID: PMC6257644 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is one of the most common types of chronic urticaria (CU), with symptoms that recur easily, migrate and are refractory. It is unclear whether association between the differentiation of protein expression levels in the serum of CSU patients and the different duration of wheals exists. In the present study the samples were divided according to the duration of the wheals into group A (wheal duration <2 h) and group B (wheal duration 12–24 h). Differentially expressed proteins in sera of CSU patients with different durations of wheals were identified and validated with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) in combination with two-dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC-MS/MS). Three hundred and seventy CSU serum-related proteins were initially identified. Among these proteins, ~30 had significant differences between the groups. According to the classification of biological functions and upregulated/downregulated values, serum amyloid A (SAA), CFL1, TPM4 and monocyte differentiation antigen (CD14) were chosen and validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of CD14 in sera were not significantly different among the groups. SAA, CFL1 and TPM4 were associated with the wheal duration in CSU patients and therefore could be considered as new potential inflammatory biomarkers associated with CSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, P.R. China
| | - Shunming Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, P.R. China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, P.R. China
| | - Haibin Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai 201299, P.R. China
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Vidova V, Stuchlikova E, Vrbova M, Almasi M, Klanova J, Thon V, Spacil Z. Multiplex Assay for Quantification of Acute Phase Proteins and Immunoglobulin A in Dried Blood Spots. J Proteome Res 2018; 18:380-391. [PMID: 30408962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the first line defense mechanism against infection, tissue damage, or cancer development. However, inappropriate inflammatory response may also trigger diseases. The quantification of inflammatory proteins is essential to distinguish between harmful and beneficial immune response. Currently used immunoanalytical assays may suffer specificity issues due to antigen-antibody interaction and possible cross-reactivity of antibody with other protein species. In addition, immunoanalytical assays typically require invasive blood sampling and additional logistics; they are relatively costly and highly challenging to multiplex. We present a multiplex assay based on selected reaction monitoring (SRM) for quantification of seven acute-phase proteins (i.e., SAA1, SAA2-isoform1, SAA4, CRP, A1AT-isoform1, A1AG1, A1AG2) and the adaptive immunity effector IGHA1 in dried blood spots. This type of sample is readily available from all human subjects including newborns. The study utilizes proteotypic isotopically labeled peptides with trypsin-cleavable tag and presents optimized and reproducible workflow and several important practical remarks regarding quantitative SRM assays development. The panel of inflammatory proteins was quantified with sequence specificity capable to differentiate protein isoforms with intra- and interday precision (<16.4% coefficient of variation (CV) and <14.3% CV, respectively). Quantitative results were correlated with immuno-nephelometric assay (typically greater than 0.9 Pearson's R).
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vidova
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Stuchlikova
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vrbova
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Martina Almasi
- Department of Clinical Hematology , University Hospital Brno , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klanova
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Thon
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Spacil
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
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8
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Lee HJ, Kim JH, Kim SW, Joo HA, Lee HW, Kim YS, Park SJ, Hong SP, Kim TI, Kim WH, Kim YH, Cheon JH. Proteomic Analysis of Serum Amyloid A as a Potential Marker in Intestinal Behçet's Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:1953-1962. [PMID: 28523576 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Data regarding biomarkers to understand disease pathogenesis and to assess disease activity of intestinal Behçet's disease (BD) are limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the differentially expressed proteins in sera from patients with intestinal BD and to search for biomarkers using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. METHODS Serum samples were pooled for the screening study, and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was performed to characterize the proteins present in intestinal BD patients. Candidate protein spots were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) and bioinformatic analysis. To validate the proteomic results, serum samples from an independent cohort were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Pooled serum samples were used for 2-DE, and approximately 400 protein spots were detected in the sera of intestinal BD patients. Of the 22 differentially expressed proteins, 3 were successfully identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. The three up-regulated proteins identified in the intestinal BD group included fibrin, apolipoprotein A-IV, and serum amyloid A (SAA). Serum SAA in intestinal BD patients (2.76 ± 2.50 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in controls (1.68 ± 0.90 ng/ml, p = 0.007), which is consistent with the proteomic results. In addition, the level of IL-1β in patients with intestinal BD (8.96 ± 1.23 pg/ml) was higher than that in controls (5.40 ± 0.15 pg/ml, p = 0.009). SAA released by HT-29 cells was markedly increased by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharides stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our proteomic analysis revealed that SAA was up-regulated in intestinal BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Joo
- Department of Biochemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - You Sun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Yu N, Zhang S, Lu J, Li Y, Yi X, Tang L, Su L, Ding Y. Serum amyloid A, an acute phase protein, stimulates proliferative and proinflammatory responses of keratinocytes. Cell Prolif 2016; 50. [PMID: 27910163 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute phase protein, is highly expressed in psoriatic lesions but its function is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to explore its role in activation of keratinocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Real-time PCR and immunofluorescence were performed to examine SAA expression in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mice. In vivo function of SAA was examined by treating psoriasis-like mice with SAA neutralising antibody. Cell viability was monitored using the CCK-8 assay. Real-time PCR was performed to determine expression of genes associated with differentiation and inflammation. Ki67+ percentage and immunological markers were analysed by flow cytometry. Involvement of formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) in SAA signal transduction was determined by RNA interference. Binding of SAA and FPRL1 was examined by co-immunoprecipitaion. Western blotting was conducted to assess phosphorylation of downstream signalling molecules. RESULTS SAA was highly expressed in skin lesions of IMQ-treated psoriasis-like mice and neutralising SAA attenuated epidermal hyperplasia and inflammation. SAA in vitro promoted keratinocyte proliferation and expression of immunological mediators, while inhibiting differentiation. Effects of SAA on keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation were mediated by FPRL1, as well as activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that SAA/FPRL1 contributed to pathogenesis of psoriasis by promoting keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation, thus providing a potential therapeutic target for disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujie Zhang
- Experimental Research Center, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajing Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Su
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangfeng Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
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10
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Serum Amyloid A Activation of Inflammatory and Adhesion Molecules in Human Coronary Artery and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0700500203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is considered to be the driving force leading to atherogenic and atherosclerotic mechanisms. Increased levels of SAA predict the risk of coronary artery disease and even mortality from cardiovascular disease in humans. Recent animal and human studies have indicated that SAA plays a causal role in atherogenesis, although it is largely unclear how this occurs. The objectives of this study are to understand the role of SAA in activating possible atherogenic inflammatory responses in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) and to compare them with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Our hypothesis is that vein and artery endothelial cells have different expression patterns and levels, leading to differential inflammatory responses. HUVEC and HCAEC were grown in order to analyze the effects of SAA on endothelial expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, chemokines, such as IL-8, and adhesion molecules (s-ICAM, s-VCAM, E-selectin) by reverse transcription-PCR and ELISAs. We compared the dose responses of SAA between HUVEC and HCAEC. SAA activated both HUVEC and HCAEC pro-inflammatory factors in a dose-dependent manner. In comparison however, HCAEC showed a strikingly greater sensitivity to SAA, with a higher level of expression of all pro-inflammatory markers at much lower concentrations of SAA, and their much greater stimulation at higher SAA concentrations. SAA also generated a dose-dependent positive feedback response on its own mRNA expression in HCAEC as compared to HUVEC. In summary, there are distinct significant differences in the levels of inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules between HUVEC and HCAEC SAA induced dose responses that could potentially account for HCAEC greater susceptibility to inflammation and atherogenesis.
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11
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Artenjak A, Omersel J, Ahlin Grabnar P, Mlinarič-Raščan I, Shoenfeld Y, Sodin-Semrl S, Božič B, Čučnik S. Oxidatively altered IgG with increased immunoreactivity to β2-glycoprotein I and its peptide clusters influence human coronary artery endothelial cells. Lupus 2015; 24:448-62. [PMID: 25801888 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314561073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been shown to play a role in modifying antibodies in favor of higher auto-immunoreactivity. We studied the immunoreactivity of oxidized IgG (oxIgG) to β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI), six peptide sequences corresponding to amino acid clusters on its different domains, to determine their effects on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC). Human IgG was purified from seven donors, electro-oxidized and checked for immunoreactivity and avidity to β2GPI and to peptides by ELISA. Conformational stability and antibody-antigen complex formation of oxIgG was analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Resting and activated sub-confluent HCAEC were stimulated with oxIgG or IgG. Secreted cytokines were measured by ELISA. Immunoreactivity of seven oxIgG samples increased to 7.5-fold against β2GPI and to 3.8-fold against six peptides as compared to IgG. oxIgG showed low avidity "properties." Conformational changes and exposure of protein hydrophobic regions were confirmed by an elevation in fluorescence (2.4- to 5.0-fold) on bis-ANS dye binding to oxIgG. oxIgG significantly elevated the release of GROα and IL-8 in resting and activated states of HCAEC. Oxidation alters IgG in favor of autoreactivity toward whole β2GPI and corresponding peptides on different domains of β2GPI and could lead to dysfunction of arterial endothelium by upregulation of chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Artenjak
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J Omersel
- The chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Ahlin Grabnar
- The chair of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - I Mlinarič-Raščan
- The chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Y Shoenfeld
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - S Sodin-Semrl
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - B Božič
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia The chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Čučnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Yu N, Liu S, Yi X, Zhang S, Ding Y. Serum amyloid A induces interleukin-1β secretion from keratinocytes via the NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 179:344-53. [PMID: 25231464 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-1β is now emerging as a critical cytokine in the pathogenesis of T helper type 17 (Th17)-mediated skin diseases, including psoriasis. Psoriatic keratinocytes are a major source of IL-1β; however, the mechanisms triggering IL-1β processing remain unknown. Recently, an acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) has been identified as a danger signal that triggers inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion. In this study, we detected increased SAA mRNA and protein expression in psoriatic epidermis. In cultured keratinocytes, SAA up-regulated the expression of pro-IL-1β and secretion of mature IL-1β. On the transcriptional level, blocking Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2), TLR-4 or nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) attenuated SAA-induced expression of IL-1β mRNA. SAA up-regulated caspase-1 and NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) expression in keratinocytes. Inhibiting caspase-1 activity and silencing NLRP3 decreased IL-1β secretion, confirming NLRP3 as the SAA-responsive inflammasome on the post-transcriptional level. The mechanism of SAA-triggered NLRP3 activation and subsequent IL-1β secretion was found to involve the generation of reactive oxygen species. Finally, the expression of SAA by keratinocytes was up-regulated by IL-17A. Taken together, our results indicate that keratinocyte-derived SAA triggers a key inflammatory mediator, IL-1β, via NLRP3 inflammasome activation, providing new potential targets for the treatment of this chronic skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Association of selenoprotein S gene polymorphism with ischemic stroke in a Chinese case–control study. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2015; 26:131-5. [DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Sari I, Bakir S, Engin A, Aydin H, Poyraz O. Some acute phase reactants and cholesterol levels in serum of patient with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2013; 13:21-6. [PMID: 23448606 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2013.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C - reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid-A (SAA) and cholesterol levels in patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) and determine the relationship of these parameters with the severity of disease. By polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method 40 patients were diagnosed as CCHF and 39 volunteer without any systemic disease whose blood were taken and their serum separated. SAA, CRP and ESR were measured with ELISA, nephelometry and Mix-Rate x100 vital diagnostic device, respectively, in serum samples. High density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol levels were determined by using autoanalyzer HDL, LDL and total cholesterol kit (Syncron LX20). Statistically significant difference was determined between patients and controls in terms of the levels of SAA, CRP, HDL, LDL and total cholesterol (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the levels of ESR. In addition, neither SAA, CRP, ESR nor HDL, LDL and total cholesterol levels varied with the severity of disease in the cases assessed (p>0.05). Using of CRP and SAA together might increase the sensitivity of diagnosis of CCHF infection. However, none of the parameters investigated in this study were found to be a proper marker of the prognosis in CCHF. Cholesterol levels were significantly decreased in patients with CCHF, which was suggested to be associated with the increased serum levels of SAA in the patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
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15
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High Avidity Anti-β2-Glycoprotein i Antibodies Activate Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells and Trigger Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Migration. EUR J INFLAMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1301100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Girard TJ, Lasky NM, Tuley EA, Broze GJ. Protein Z, protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor (serpinA10), and the acute-phase response. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11:375-8. [PMID: 23205927 PMCID: PMC3692294 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Lakota K, Thallinger GG, Cucnik S, Bozic B, Mrak-Poljsak K, Ambrozic A, Rozman B, Blinc A, Tomsic M, Sodin-Semrl S. Could antibodies against Serum Amyloid A function as physiological regulators in humans? Autoimmunity 2010; 44:149-58. [DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2010.487504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pertovaara M, Jylhävä J, Uusitalo H, Pukander J, Helin H, Hurme M. Serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein concentrations are differently associated with markers of autoimmunity in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. J Rheumatol 2009; 36:2487-90. [PMID: 19833744 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.090300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease in which the concentration of the acute-phase protein serum C-reactive protein (CRP) is low. We investigated whether levels of another acute-phase protein, serum amyloid A (SAA), are increased in patients with pSS and whether the immunological markers in patients with pSS are associated with variation in SAA levels. METHODS Serum SAA concentrations were measured by ELISA in 74 patients with pSS and in 56 control subjects with sicca symptoms. RESULTS Median SAA levels did not differ significantly between patients with pSS and subjects with sicca symptoms. In patients with pSS SAA concentrations correlated significantly with age, leukocyte count, CRP, interleukin 6, and C4. Unlike CRP, there was a significant inverse correlation between SAA and serum IgG levels and anti-SSA antibody titers, as well as a trend towards an inverse correlation between SAA and antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid factor titers. CONCLUSION Our data imply that high SAA production could constitute a protective element in pSS: high SAA levels inhibit in particular various signs of B cell hyperreactivity, i.e., IgG and autoantibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja Pertovaara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
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Wang X, Chai H, Wang Z, Lin PH, Yao Q, Chen C. Serum amyloid A induces endothelial dysfunction in porcine coronary arteries and human coronary artery endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295:H2399-408. [PMID: 18931033 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00238.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects and mechanisms of serum amyloid A (SAA) on coronary endothelial function. Porcine coronary arteries and human coronary arterial endothelial cells (HCAECs) were treated with SAA (0, 1, 10, or 25 microg/ml). Vasomotor reactivity was studied using a myograph tension system. SAA significantly reduced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of porcine coronary arteries in response to bradykinin in a concentration-dependent manner. SAA significantly decreased endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) mRNA and protein levels as well as NO bioavailability, whereas it increased ROS in both artery rings and HCAECs. In addition, the activities of internal antioxidant enzymes catalase and SOD were decreased in SAA-treated HCAECs. Bio-plex immunoassay analysis showed the activation of JNK, ERK2, and IkappaB-alpha after SAA treatment. Consequently, the antioxidants seleno-l-methionine and Mn(III) tetrakis-(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin and specific inhibitors for JNK and ERK1/2 effectively blocked the SAA-induced eNOS mRNA decrease and SAA-induced decrease in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in porcine coronary arteries. Thus, SAA at clinically relevant concentrations causes endothelial dysfunction in both porcine coronary arteries and HCAECs through molecular mechanisms involving eNOS downregulation, oxidative stress, and activation of JNK and ERK1/2 as well as NF-kappaB. These findings suggest that SAA may contribute to the progress of coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Wang
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mail stop: BCM390, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Mao L, Dong H, Yang P, Zhou H, Huang X, Lin X, Kijlstra A. MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS reveals elevated serum haptoglobin and amyloid A in Behcet's disease. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:4500-7. [PMID: 18754684 DOI: 10.1021/pr800279m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease with unclear etiology and pathogenesis. To screen aberrant serum proteins in BD, serum samples were obtained from eight male BD patients with active uveitis and eight male healthy volunteers with informed consent. The serum samples from active BD patients and normal controls were pooled. Highly abundant serum proteins (albumin and IgG) were depleted from these two samples using an affinity capture based kit. The obtained samples were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Protein spots were visualized with the "blue silver" staining. Differently expressed proteins were subsequently identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption /ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS). Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed using the serum samples from 18 patients with active BD, 6 patients with inactive BD, 22 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, and 20 healthy volunteers to validate the results of 2-DE and MS. Proteomic profiles of the pooled samples were compared, and approximately 800 protein spots were observed in each of the gels. Expression levels of four of the protein spots in active BD were significantly higher than those in the normal controls. Mass spectrometric protein identification revealed that the four protein spots corresponded to two proteins: haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA). Western blot and ELISA showed that Hp was only overexpressed in active BD but not in inactive BD, VKH syndrome, or healthy controls. An obvious band of SAA was detected in 72.2% of the serum samples from BD patients, whereas a vague band of this protein was found in 10.0% of the tested normal samples and 9.1% of VKH samples. Our results revealed a significantly increased expression of Hp and SAA in serum of active BD patients. These two proteins may be involved in the development of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Mao
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Cutolo M, Straub RH. Circadian rhythms in arthritis: Hormonal effects on the immune/inflammatory reaction. Autoimmun Rev 2008; 7:223-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2007.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Yang YH, Chuang YH, Wang LC, Huang HY, Gershwin ME, Chiang BL. The immunobiology of Henoch–Schönlein purpura. Autoimmun Rev 2008; 7:179-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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