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Mori MP, Lozoya O, Brooks AM, Grenet D, Nadalutti CA, Ryback B, Huang KT, Hasan P, Hajnóczky G, Santos JH. Mitochondrial membrane potential regulates nuclear DNA methylation and gene expression through phospholipid remodeling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.12.575075. [PMID: 38260521 PMCID: PMC10802563 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.12.575075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of the mitochondrial inner membrane potential (ΔΨM) is critical for many aspects of mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial protein import and ion homeostasis. While ΔΨM loss and its consequences are well studied, little is known about the effects of increased ΔΨM. In this study, we used cells deleted of ATPIF1, a natural inhibitor of the hydrolytic activity of the ATP synthase, as a genetic model of mitochondrial hyperpolarization. Our data show that chronic ΔΨM increase leads to nuclear DNA hypermethylation, regulating transcription of mitochondria, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism genes. Surprisingly, remodeling of phospholipids, but not metabolites or redox changes, mechanistically links the ΔΨM to the epigenome. These changes were also observed upon chemical exposures and reversed by decreasing the ΔΨM, highlighting them as hallmark adaptations to chronic mitochondrial hyperpolarization. Our results reveal the ΔΨM as the upstream signal conveying the mitochondrial status to the epigenome to regulate cellular biology, providing a new framework for how mitochondria can influence health outcomes in the absence of canonical dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashley M. Brooks
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 111 TW Alexander drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709
| | - Dagoberto Grenet
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology
| | | | - Birgitta Ryback
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kai Ting Huang
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Prottoy Hasan
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Gyӧrgy Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Janine H. Santos
- Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology
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2
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Knyazev DG, Winter L, Vogt A, Posch S, Öztürk Y, Siligan C, Goessweiner-Mohr N, Hagleitner-Ertugrul N, Koch HG, Pohl P. YidC from Escherichia coli Forms an Ion-Conducting Pore upon Activation by Ribosomes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1774. [PMID: 38136645 PMCID: PMC10741985 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The universally conserved protein YidC aids in the insertion and folding of transmembrane polypeptides. Supposedly, a charged arginine faces its hydrophobic lipid core, facilitating polypeptide sliding along YidC's surface. How the membrane barrier to other molecules may be maintained is unclear. Here, we show that the purified and reconstituted E. coli YidC forms an ion-conducting transmembrane pore upon ribosome or ribosome-nascent chain complex (RNC) binding. In contrast to monomeric YidC structures, an AlphaFold parallel YidC dimer model harbors a pore. Experimental evidence for a dimeric assembly comes from our BN-PAGE analysis of native vesicles, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy studies, single-molecule fluorescence photobleaching observations, and crosslinking experiments. In the dimeric model, the conserved arginine and other residues interacting with nascent chains point into the putative pore. This result suggests the possibility of a YidC-assisted insertion mode alternative to the insertase mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis G. Knyazev
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, A-4020 Linz, Austria; (D.G.K.); (L.W.); (S.P.); (C.S.); (N.G.-M.); (N.H.-E.)
| | - Lukas Winter
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, A-4020 Linz, Austria; (D.G.K.); (L.W.); (S.P.); (C.S.); (N.G.-M.); (N.H.-E.)
| | - Andreas Vogt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany (Y.Ö.); (H.-G.K.)
- Spemann-Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Posch
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, A-4020 Linz, Austria; (D.G.K.); (L.W.); (S.P.); (C.S.); (N.G.-M.); (N.H.-E.)
| | - Yavuz Öztürk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany (Y.Ö.); (H.-G.K.)
| | - Christine Siligan
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, A-4020 Linz, Austria; (D.G.K.); (L.W.); (S.P.); (C.S.); (N.G.-M.); (N.H.-E.)
| | - Nikolaus Goessweiner-Mohr
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, A-4020 Linz, Austria; (D.G.K.); (L.W.); (S.P.); (C.S.); (N.G.-M.); (N.H.-E.)
| | - Nora Hagleitner-Ertugrul
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, A-4020 Linz, Austria; (D.G.K.); (L.W.); (S.P.); (C.S.); (N.G.-M.); (N.H.-E.)
| | - Hans-Georg Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany (Y.Ö.); (H.-G.K.)
- Spemann-Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Pohl
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, A-4020 Linz, Austria; (D.G.K.); (L.W.); (S.P.); (C.S.); (N.G.-M.); (N.H.-E.)
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3
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Kanlaya R, Subkod C, Nanthawuttiphan S, Thongboonkerd V. Caffeine causes cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 and increases of ubiquitinated proteins, ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential in renal cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4552-4566. [PMID: 37799542 PMCID: PMC10550404 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is a well-known purine alkaloid commonly found in coffee. Several lines of previous and recent evidence have shown that habitual coffee drinking is associated with lower risks for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and nephrolithiasis. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying its renoprotective effects remain largely unknown due to a lack of knowledge on cellular adaptive response to caffeine. This study investigated cellular adaptive response of renal tubular cells to caffeine at the protein level. Cellular proteome of MDCK cells treated with caffeine at a physiologic concentration (100 μM) for 24 h was analyzed comparing with that of untreated cells by label-free quantitative proteomics. From a total of 936 proteins identified, comparative analysis revealed significant changes in levels of 148 proteins induced by caffeine. These significantly altered proteins were involved mainly in proteasome, ribosome, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) (or Krebs) cycle, DNA replication, spliceosome, biosynthesis of amino acid, carbon metabolism, nucleocytoplasmic transport, cell cycle, cytoplasmic translation, translation initiation, and mRNA metabolic process. Functional validation by various assays confirmed that caffeine decreased cell population at G2/M, increased cell population at G0/G1, increased level of ubiquitinated proteins, increased intracellular ATP and enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential in MDCK cells. These data may help unravelling molecular mechanisms underlying the biological effects of caffeine on renal tubular cells at cellular and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattiyaporn Kanlaya
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chonnicha Subkod
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supanan Nanthawuttiphan
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Avolio R, Agliarulo I, Criscuolo D, Sarnataro D, Auriemma M, De Lella S, Pennacchio S, Calice G, Ng MY, Giorgi C, Pinton P, Cooperman BS, Landriscina M, Esposito F, Matassa DS. Cytosolic and mitochondrial translation elongation are coordinated through the molecular chaperone TRAP1 for the synthesis and import of mitochondrial proteins. Genome Res 2023; 33:1242-1257. [PMID: 37487647 PMCID: PMC10547376 DOI: 10.1101/gr.277755.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
A complex interplay between mRNA translation and cellular respiration has been recently unveiled, but its regulation in humans is poorly characterized in either health or disease. Cancer cells radically reshape both biosynthetic and bioenergetic pathways to sustain their aberrant growth rates. In this regard, we have shown that the molecular chaperone TRAP1 not only regulates the activity of respiratory complexes, behaving alternatively as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor, but also plays a concomitant moonlighting function in mRNA translation regulation. Herein, we identify the molecular mechanisms involved, showing that TRAP1 (1) binds both mitochondrial and cytosolic ribosomes, as well as translation elongation factors; (2) slows down translation elongation rate; and (3) favors localized translation in the proximity of mitochondria. We also provide evidence that TRAP1 is coexpressed in human tissues with the mitochondrial translational machinery, which is responsible for the synthesis of respiratory complex proteins. Altogether, our results show an unprecedented level of complexity in the regulation of cancer cell metabolism, strongly suggesting the existence of a tight feedback loop between protein synthesis and energy metabolism, based on the demonstration that a single molecular chaperone plays a role in both mitochondrial and cytosolic translation, as well as in mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Avolio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Ilenia Agliarulo
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore"-IEOS, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Daniela Criscuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Margherita Auriemma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Sabrina De Lella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Sara Pennacchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture 85028, Italy
| | - Martin Y Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Barry S Cooperman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore"-IEOS, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples 80131, Italy
- Department Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy;
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy;
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5
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Avolio R, Agliarulo I, Criscuolo D, Sarnataro D, Auriemma M, Pennacchio S, Calice G, Ng MY, Giorgi C, Pinton P, Cooperman B, Landriscina M, Esposito F, Matassa DS. Cytosolic and mitochondrial translation elongation are coordinated through the molecular chaperone TRAP1 for the synthesis and import of mitochondrial proteins. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.19.524708. [PMID: 36712063 PMCID: PMC9882373 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A complex interplay between mRNA translation and cellular respiration has been recently unveiled, but its regulation in humans is poorly characterized in either health or disease. Cancer cells radically reshape both biosynthetic and bioenergetic pathways to sustain their aberrant growth rates. In this regard, we have shown that the molecular chaperone TRAP1 not only regulates the activity of respiratory complexes, behaving alternatively as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor, but also plays a concomitant moonlighting function in mRNA translation regulation. Herein we identify the molecular mechanisms involved, demonstrating that TRAP1: i) binds both mitochondrial and cytosolic ribosomes as well as translation elongation factors, ii) slows down translation elongation rate, and iii) favors localized translation in the proximity of mitochondria. We also provide evidence that TRAP1 is coexpressed in human tissues with the mitochondrial translational machinery, which is responsible for the synthesis of respiratory complex proteins. Altogether, our results show an unprecedented level of complexity in the regulation of cancer cell metabolism, strongly suggesting the existence of a tight feedback loop between protein synthesis and energy metabolism, based on the demonstration that a single molecular chaperone plays a role in both mitochondrial and cytosolic translation, as well as in mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Avolio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Ilenia Agliarulo
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” - IEOS, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Daniela Criscuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Margherita Auriemma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Sara Pennacchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Pre-clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, 85028, Italy
| | - Martin Y. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Dept. of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Barry Cooperman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” - IEOS, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples, 80131, Italy
- Department Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80131, Italy
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Friero I, Larriba E, Martínez-Melgarejo PA, Justamante MS, Alarcón MV, Albacete A, Salguero J, Pérez-Pérez JM. Transcriptomic and hormonal analysis of the roots of maize seedlings grown hydroponically at low temperature. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 326:111525. [PMID: 36328179 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged cold stress has a strong effect on plant growth and development, especially in subtropical crops such as maize. Soil temperature limits primary root elongation, mainly during early seedling establishment. However, little is known about how moderate temperature fluctuations affect root growth at the molecular and physiological levels. We have studied root tips of young maize seedlings grown hydroponically at 30 ºC and after a short period (up to 24 h) of moderate cooling (20 ºC). We found that both cell division and cell elongation in the root apical meristem are affected by temperature. Time-course analyses of hormonal and transcriptomic profiles were achieved after temperature reduction from 30 ºC to 20 ºC. Our results highlighted a complex regulation of endogenous pathways leading to adaptive root responses to moderate cooling conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Friero
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Ecología y Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Larriba
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | | | | | - M Victoria Alarcón
- Área de Agronomía de Cultivos Leñosos y Hortícolas, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrarias "La Orden-Valdesequera" (CICYTEX), Junta de Extremadura, 06187 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Julio Salguero
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Ecología y Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
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Kulawiak B, Szewczyk A. Current Challenges of Mitochondrial Potassium Channel Research. Front Physiol 2022; 13:907015. [PMID: 35711307 PMCID: PMC9193220 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.907015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the current challenges of mitochondrial potassium channels research were critically reviewed. Even though recent progress in understanding K+ traffic in mitochondria has been substantial, some basic issues of this process remain unresolved. Here, we focused on the critical discussion of the molecular identity of various mitochondrial potassium channels. This point helps to clarify why there are different potassium channels in specific mitochondria. We also described interactions of mitochondrial potassium channel subunits with other mitochondrial proteins. Posttranslational modifications of mitochondrial potassium channels and their import are essential but unexplored research areas. Additionally, problems with the pharmacological targeting of mitochondrial potassium channel were illustrated. Finally, the limitation of the techniques used to measure mitochondrial potassium channels was explained. We believe that recognizing these problems may be interesting for readers but will also help to progress the field of mitochondrial potassium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusz Kulawiak
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Padovani C, Jevtić P, Rapé M. Quality control of protein complex composition. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1439-1450. [PMID: 35316660 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells possess hundreds of protein complexes that contain multiple subunits and must be formed at the correct time and place during development. Despite specific assembly pathways, cells frequently encounter complexes with missing or aberrant subunits that can disrupt important signaling events. Cells, therefore, employ several ubiquitin-dependent quality control pathways that can prevent, correct, or degrade flawed complexes. In this review, we will discuss our emerging understanding of such quality control of protein complex composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Padovani
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Predrag Jevtić
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael Rapé
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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9
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Kunová N, Havalová H, Ondrovičová G, Stojkovičová B, Bauer JA, Bauerová-Hlinková V, Pevala V, Kutejová E. Mitochondrial Processing Peptidases-Structure, Function and the Role in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1297. [PMID: 35163221 PMCID: PMC8835746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial proteins are encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. While some of the essential subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes responsible for cellular ATP production are synthesized directly in the mitochondria, most mitochondrial proteins are first translated in the cytosol and then imported into the organelle using a sophisticated transport system. These proteins are directed mainly by targeting presequences at their N-termini. These presequences need to be cleaved to allow the proper folding and assembly of the pre-proteins into functional protein complexes. In the mitochondria, the presequences are removed by several processing peptidases, including the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP), the inner membrane processing peptidase (IMP), the inter-membrane processing peptidase (MIP), and the mitochondrial rhomboid protease (Pcp1/PARL). Their proper functioning is essential for mitochondrial homeostasis as the disruption of any of them is lethal in yeast and severely impacts the lifespan and survival in humans. In this review, we focus on characterizing the structure, function, and substrate specificities of mitochondrial processing peptidases, as well as the connection of their malfunctions to severe human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eva Kutejová
- Department of Biochemistry and Protein Structure, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (H.H.); (G.O.); (B.S.); (J.A.B.); (V.B.-H.); (V.P.)
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10
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Jin X, Zhang M, Lu J, Duan X, Chen J, Liu Y, Chang W, Lou H. Hinokitiol chelates intracellular iron to retard fungal growth by disturbing mitochondrial respiration. J Adv Res 2022; 34:65-77. [PMID: 35024181 PMCID: PMC8655124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increasing morbidity of fungal infections and the prevalence of drug resistance highlighted the discovery of novel antifungal agents and investigation of their modes of action. Iron chelators have been used to treat superficial fungal infections or potentiate the efficacy of certain antifungal drugs. Hinokitiol exhibits potent antifungal activity and iron-chelating ability. However, their relationships have not been established. Objectives This study aims to explore the selectivity of hinokitiol against fungal cells and mammalian cells and determine the role of iron-chelating for the antifungal activity of hinokitiol. Methods Iron probe FeRhonox-1 was used to determine intracellular Fe2+ content. 5-Cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride probe and Cell Counting Kit-8 were used to detect the mitochondrial respiratory activities. Quantitative real-time PCR and rescue experiments were performed to determine the effect of iron on the antifungal activity of hinokitiol. The effects of hinokitiol on fungal mitochondria were further evaluated using reactive oxygen species probes and several commercial Assay Kits. The ability of hinokitiol to induce resistance in Candida species was carried out using a serial passage method. The in vivo therapeutic effect of hinokitiol was evaluated using Galleria mellonella as an infectious model. Results Hinokitiol was effective against a panel of Candida strains with multiple azole-resistant mechanisms and persistently inhibited Candida albicans growth. Mechanism investigations revealed that hinokitiol chelated fungal intracellular iron and inhibited the respiration of fungal cells but had minor effects on mammalian cells. Hinokitiol further inhibited the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby decreasing intracellular ATP synthesis and increasing detrimental intracellular reductive stress. Moreover, hinokitiol exhibited low potential for inducing resistance in several Candida species and greatly improved the survival of Candida-infected Galleria mellonella. Conclusions These findings suggested the potential application of hinokitiol as an iron chelator to treat fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Jin
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Institute of Medical Science, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinghui Lu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ximeng Duan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenqiang Chang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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11
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Criscuolo D, Avolio R, Matassa DS, Esposito F. Targeting Mitochondrial Protein Expression as a Future Approach for Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:797265. [PMID: 34888254 PMCID: PMC8650000 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.797265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive metabolic remodeling is a fundamental feature of cancer cells. Although early reports attributed such remodeling to a loss of mitochondrial functions, it is now clear that mitochondria play central roles in cancer development and progression, from energy production to synthesis of macromolecules, from redox modulation to regulation of cell death. Biosynthetic pathways are also heavily affected by the metabolic rewiring, with protein synthesis dysregulation at the hearth of cellular transformation. Accumulating evidence in multiple organisms shows that the metabolic functions of mitochondria are tightly connected to protein synthesis, being assembly and activity of respiratory complexes highly dependent on de novo synthesis of their components. In turn, protein synthesis within the organelle is tightly connected with the cytosolic process. This implies an entire network of interactions and fine-tuned regulations that build up a completely under-estimated level of complexity. We are now only preliminarily beginning to reconstitute such regulatory level in human cells, and to perceive its role in diseases. Indeed, disruption or alterations of these connections trigger conditions of proteotoxic and energetic stress that could be potentially exploited for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we summarize the available literature on the coordinated regulation of mitochondrial and cytosolic mRNA translation, and their effects on the integrity of the mitochondrial proteome and functions. Finally, we highlight the potential held by this topic for future research directions and for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Criscuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Avolio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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12
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Schäfer JA, Bozkurt S, Michaelis JB, Klann K, Münch C. Global mitochondrial protein import proteomics reveal distinct regulation by translation and translocation machinery. Mol Cell 2021; 82:435-446.e7. [PMID: 34847359 PMCID: PMC8791276 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Most mitochondrial proteins are translated in the cytosol and imported into mitochondria. Mutations in the mitochondrial protein import machinery cause human pathologies. However, a lack of suitable tools to measure protein uptake across the mitochondrial proteome has prevented the identification of specific proteins affected by import perturbation. Here, we introduce mePRODmt, a pulsed-SILAC based proteomics approach that includes a booster signal to increase the sensitivity for mitochondrial proteins selectively, enabling global dynamic analysis of endogenous mitochondrial protein uptake in cells. We applied mePRODmt to determine protein uptake kinetics and examined how inhibitors of mitochondrial import machineries affect protein uptake. Monitoring changes in translation and uptake upon mitochondrial membrane depolarization revealed that protein uptake was extensively modulated by the import and translation machineries via activation of the integrated stress response. Strikingly, uptake changes were not uniform, with subsets of proteins being unaffected or decreased due to changes in translation or import capacity. Proteomics approach to quantify protein uptake into mitochondria Determination of protein uptake rates for >700 mitochondrial proteins Characterization of differential protein uptake changes during mitochondrial stress Protein translation and translocation integrate to change protein uptake
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Adriana Schäfer
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Süleyman Bozkurt
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonas Benjamin Michaelis
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kevin Klann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 75, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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13
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Zhao F, Zou MH. Role of the Mitochondrial Protein Import Machinery and Protein Processing in Heart Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:749756. [PMID: 34651031 PMCID: PMC8505727 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.749756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for cellular energy production, metabolic homeostasis, calcium homeostasis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. About 99% of mammalian mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome, synthesized as precursors in the cytosol, and imported into mitochondria by mitochondrial protein import machinery. Mitochondrial protein import systems function not only as independent units for protein translocation, but also are deeply integrated into a functional network of mitochondrial bioenergetics, protein quality control, mitochondrial dynamics and morphology, and interaction with other organelles. Mitochondrial protein import deficiency is linked to various diseases, including cardiovascular disease. In this review, we describe an emerging class of protein or genetic variations of components of the mitochondrial import machinery involved in heart disease. The major protein import pathways, including the presequence pathway (TIM23 pathway), the carrier pathway (TIM22 pathway), and the mitochondrial intermembrane space import and assembly machinery, related translocases, proteinases, and chaperones, are discussed here. This review highlights the importance of mitochondrial import machinery in heart disease, which deserves considerable attention, and further studies are urgently needed. Ultimately, this knowledge may be critical for the development of therapeutic strategies in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujie Zhao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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14
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Gonzalez-Franquesa A, Stocks B, Chubanava S, Hattel HB, Moreno-Justicia R, Peijs L, Treebak JT, Zierath JR, Deshmukh AS. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics reveals mitochondrial supercomplexome plasticity. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109180. [PMID: 34038727 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory complex subunits assemble in supercomplexes. Studies of supercomplexes have typically relied upon antibody-based quantification, often limited to a single subunit per respiratory complex. To provide a deeper insight into mitochondrial and supercomplex plasticity, we combine native electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to determine the supercomplexome of skeletal muscle from sedentary and exercise-trained mice. We quantify 422 mitochondrial proteins within 10 supercomplex bands in which we show the debated presence of complexes II and V. Exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis results in non-stoichiometric changes in subunits and incorporation into supercomplexes. We uncover the dynamics of supercomplex-related assembly proteins and mtDNA-encoded subunits after exercise. Furthermore, exercise affects the complexing of Lactb, an obesity-associated mitochondrial protein, and ubiquinone biosynthesis proteins. Knockdown of ubiquinone biosynthesis proteins leads to alterations in mitochondrial respiration. Our approach can be applied to broad biological systems. In this instance, comprehensively analyzing respiratory supercomplexes illuminates previously undetectable complexity in mitochondrial plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Gonzalez-Franquesa
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Ben Stocks
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Sabina Chubanava
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Helle B Hattel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Roger Moreno-Justicia
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Lone Peijs
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Atul S Deshmukh
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark.
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15
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Mitochondrial control of cellular protein homeostasis. Biochem J 2021; 477:3033-3054. [PMID: 32845275 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in several vital functions of the eukaryotic cell. The majority of mitochondrial proteins are coded by nuclear DNA. Constant import of proteins from the cytosol is a prerequisite for the efficient functioning of the organelle. The protein import into mitochondria is mediated by diverse import pathways and is continuously under watch by quality control systems. However, it is often challenged by both internal and external factors, such as oxidative stress or energy shortage. The impaired protein import and biogenesis leads to the accumulation of mitochondrial precursor proteins in the cytosol and activates several stress response pathways. These defense mechanisms engage a network of processes involving transcription, translation, and protein clearance to restore cellular protein homeostasis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of various factors and processes contributing to mitochondrial stress caused by protein biogenesis failure and summarize the recovery mechanisms employed by the cell.
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16
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Polansky H, Lori G. How microcompetition with latent viruses can cause α synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and eventually Parkinson's disease. J Neurovirol 2021; 27:52-57. [PMID: 33405201 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The cause of most Parkinson's disease cases is unknown. However, it is well documented that mitochondrial dysfunction and misfolded α synuclein aggregation are important cellular abnormalities associated with the disease. In this paper, we use the microcompetition model to show how latent viruses, which infect the central and peripheral nervous systems, can cause the observed mitochondrial dysfunction and excess α synuclein aggregation, and eventually, Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Polansky
- The Center for the Biology of Chronic Disease (CBCD), 3 Germay Dr, Wilmington, DE, 19804, USA.
| | - Gillad Lori
- The Center for the Biology of Chronic Disease (CBCD), 3 Germay Dr, Wilmington, DE, 19804, USA
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17
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Ukolova IV, Kondakova MA, Kondratov IG, Sidorov AV, Borovskii GB, Voinikov VK. New insights into the organisation of the oxidative phosphorylation system in the example of pea shoot mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148264. [PMID: 32663476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The physical and functional organisation of the OXPHOS system in mitochondria in vivo remains elusive. At present, different models of OXPHOS arrangement, representing either highly ordered respiratory strings or, vice versa, a set of randomly dispersed supercomplexes and respiratory complexes, have been suggested. In the present study, we examined a supramolecular arrangement of the OXPHOS system in pea shoot mitochondria using digitonin solubilisation of its constituents, which were further analysed by classical BN-related techniques and a multidimensional gel electrophoresis system when required. As a result, in addition to supercomplexes I1III2, I1III2IVn and III2IV1-2, dimer V2, and individual complexes I-V previously detected in plant mitochondria, new OXPHOS structures were also revealed. Of them, (1) a megacomplex (IIxIIIyIVz)n including complex II, (2) respirasomes I2III4IVn with two copies of complex I and dimeric complex III2, (3) a minor new supercomplex IV1Va2 comigrating with I1III2, and (4) a second minor form of ATP synthase, Va, were found. The activity of singular complexes I, IV, and V was higher than the activity of the associated forms. The detection of new supercomplex IV1Va2, along with assemblies I1III2 and I1-2III2-4IVn, prompted us to suggest the occurrence of in vivo oxphosomes comprising complexes I, III2, IV, and V. The putative oxphosome's stoichiometry, historical background, assumed functional significance, and subcompartmental location are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Ukolova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, 132, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033, Russia.
| | - Marina A Kondakova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, 132, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Ilya G Kondratov
- Limnological Institute SB RAS, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya St., Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Alexander V Sidorov
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, 132, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033, Russia; Irkutsk State Medical University, 1, Krasnogo Vosstaniya St., Irkutsk 664003, Russia
| | - Gennadii B Borovskii
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, 132, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033, Russia
| | - Victor K Voinikov
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, 132, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033, Russia
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18
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Lamade AM, Anthonymuthu TS, Hier ZE, Gao Y, Kagan VE, Bayır H. Mitochondrial damage & lipid signaling in traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2020; 329:113307. [PMID: 32289317 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for neuronal function because they serve not only to sustain energy and redox homeostasis but also are harbingers of death. A dysregulated mitochondrial network can cascade until function is irreparably lost, dooming cells. TBI is most prevalent in the young and comes at significant personal and societal costs. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) triggers a biphasic and mechanistically heterogenous response and this mechanistic heterogeneity has made the development of standardized treatments challenging. The secondary phase of TBI injury evolves over hours and days after the initial insult, providing a window of opportunity for intervention. However, no FDA approved treatment for neuroprotection after TBI currently exists. With recent advances in detection techniques, there has been increasing recognition of the significance and roles of mitochondrial redox lipid signaling in both acute and chronic central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. Oxidized lipids and their downstream products result from and contribute to TBI pathogenesis. Therapies targeting the mitochondrial lipid composition and redox state show promise in experimental TBI and warrant further exploration. In this review, we provide 1) an overview for mitochondrial redox homeostasis with emphasis on glutathione metabolism, 2) the key mechanisms of TBI mitochondrial injury, 3) the pathways of mitochondria specific phospholipid cardiolipin oxidation, and 4) review the mechanisms of mitochondria quality control in TBI with consideration of the roles lipids play in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Lamade
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tamil S Anthonymuthu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zachary E Hier
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
| | - Hülya Bayır
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Children's Neuroscience Institute, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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19
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Li J, Wang J, Liu W, Hayashi T, Itoh K, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Metformin protects Escherichia coli from bleomycin-induced bactericide via enhanced generation of hydrogen peroxide. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:64-75. [PMID: 31905044 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1703968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is widely employed in the therapy of a range of lymphomas and germ cell tumours. But the therapeutic efficacy of bleomycin is limited by development of lung fibrosis. The cytotoxicity of bleomycin is mostly ascribed to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage, while a protective effect of metformin against bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis results from the inhibition of mitochondrial complex I. Since mitochondria and bacteria have certain similarities in structure and function, we used Escherichia coli for simplification in the present work to investigate the relationship between metformin and bleomycin with apparently opposite effects on mitochondrial DNA damage. Bleomycin lethality to E. coli was ameliorated by metformin treatment accompanying further increase of the level of reactive oxygen species. Catalase but not superoxide dismutases attenuated the protective effect of metformin. Meanwhile, treatment with hydrogen peroxide enhanced the protection, indicating that metformin may protect E. coli from bleomycin-induced bactericide via enhanced generation of hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, silibinin, a hepatoprotective polyphenolic flavonoid attenuates the cytotoxicity of bleomycin to E. coli via enhanced generation of hydrogen peroxide as well. This bacterial model in place of mitochondria can provide us with easier screening for the molecules with capability of reducing the bleomycin side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Ikejima
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
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20
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Ghifari AS, Huang S, Murcha MW. The peptidases involved in plant mitochondrial protein import. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:6005-6018. [PMID: 31738432 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The endosymbiotic origin of the mitochondrion and the subsequent transfer of its genome to the host nucleus has resulted in intricate mechanisms of regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and protein content. The majority of mitochondrial proteins are nuclear encoded and synthesized in the cytosol, thus requiring specialized and dedicated machinery for the correct targeting import and sorting of its proteome. Most proteins targeted to the mitochondria utilize N-terminal targeting signals called presequences that are cleaved upon import. This cleavage is carried out by a variety of peptidases, generating free peptides that can be detrimental to organellar and cellular activity. Research over the last few decades has elucidated a range of mitochondrial peptidases that are involved in the initial removal of the targeting signal and its sequential degradation, allowing for the recovery of single amino acids. The significance of these processing pathways goes beyond presequence degradation after protein import, whereby the deletion of processing peptidases induces plant stress responses, compromises mitochondrial respiratory capability, and alters overall plant growth and development. Here, we review the multitude of plant mitochondrial peptidases that are known to be involved in protein import and processing of targeting signals to detail how their activities can affect organellar protein homeostasis and overall plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abi S Ghifari
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA, Australia
| | - Shaobai Huang
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA, Australia
| | - Monika W Murcha
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth WA, Australia
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21
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Single-Channel Properties of the ROMK-Pore-Forming Subunit of the Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215323. [PMID: 31731540 PMCID: PMC6862428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An increased flux of potassium ions into the mitochondrial matrix through the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) has been shown to provide protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recently, it was proposed that the mitochondrial-targeted isoform of the renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK) protein creates a pore-forming subunit of mitoKATP in heart mitochondria. Our research focuses on the properties of mitoKATP from heart-derived H9c2 cells. For the first time, we detected single-channel activity and describe the pharmacology of mitoKATP in the H9c2 heart-derived cells. The patch-clamping of mitoplasts from wild type (WT) and cells overexpressing ROMK2 revealed the existence of a potassium channel that exhibits the same basic properties previously attributed to mitoKATP. ROMK2 overexpression resulted in a significant increase of mitoKATP activity. The conductance of both channels in symmetric 150/150 mM KCl was around 97 ± 2 pS in WT cells and 94 ± 3 pS in cells overexpressing ROMK2. The channels were inhibited by 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (a mitoKATP inhibitor) and by Tertiapin Q (an inhibitor of both the ROMK-type channels and mitoKATP). Additionally, mitoKATP from cells overexpressing ROMK2 were inhibited by ATP/Mg2+ and activated by diazoxide. We used an assay based on proteinase K to examine the topology of the channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane and found that both termini of the protein localized to the mitochondrial matrix. We conclude that the observed activity of the channel formed by the ROMK protein corresponds to the electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of mitoKATP.
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22
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Moutaoufik MT, Malty R, Amin S, Zhang Q, Phanse S, Gagarinova A, Zilocchi M, Hoell L, Minic Z, Gagarinova M, Aoki H, Stockwell J, Jessulat M, Goebels F, Broderick K, Scott NE, Vlasblom J, Musso G, Prasad B, Lamantea E, Garavaglia B, Rajput A, Murayama K, Okazaki Y, Foster LJ, Bader GD, Cayabyab FS, Babu M. Rewiring of the Human Mitochondrial Interactome during Neuronal Reprogramming Reveals Regulators of the Respirasome and Neurogenesis. iScience 2019; 19:1114-1132. [PMID: 31536960 PMCID: PMC6831851 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein (MP) assemblies undergo alterations during neurogenesis, a complex process vital in brain homeostasis and disease. Yet which MP assemblies remodel during differentiation remains unclear. Here, using mass spectrometry-based co-fractionation profiles and phosphoproteomics, we generated mitochondrial interaction maps of human pluripotent embryonal carcinoma stem cells and differentiated neuronal-like cells, which presented as two discrete cell populations by single-cell RNA sequencing. The resulting networks, encompassing 6,442 high-quality associations among 600 MPs, revealed widespread changes in mitochondrial interactions and site-specific phosphorylation during neuronal differentiation. By leveraging the networks, we show the orphan C20orf24 as a respirasome assembly factor whose disruption markedly reduces respiratory chain activity in patients deficient in complex IV. We also find that a heme-containing neurotrophic factor, neuron-derived neurotrophic factor [NENF], couples with Parkinson disease-related proteins to promote neurotrophic activity. Our results provide insights into the dynamic reorganization of mitochondrial networks during neuronal differentiation and highlights mechanisms for MPs in respirasome, neuronal function, and mitochondrial diseases. Rewiring of mitochondrial (mt) protein interaction network in distinct cell states Dramatic changes in site-specific phosphorylation during neuronal differentiation C20orf24 is a respirasome assembly factor depleted in patients deficient in CIV NENF binding with DJ-1/PINK1 promotes neurotrophic activity and neuronal survival
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramy Malty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Shahreen Amin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Qingzhou Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Sadhna Phanse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Alla Gagarinova
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mara Zilocchi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Larissa Hoell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Zoran Minic
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Maria Gagarinova
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Hiroyuki Aoki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Stockwell
- Department of Surgery, Neuroscience Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Matthew Jessulat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Florian Goebels
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Kirsten Broderick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Nichollas E Scott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - James Vlasblom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Gabriel Musso
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bhanu Prasad
- Department of Medicine, Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region, Regina, SK S4P 0W5, Canada
| | - Eleonora Lamantea
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via L. Temolo, 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Garavaglia
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via L. Temolo, 4, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Alex Rajput
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Kei Murayama
- Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, 579-1 Heta-cho, Midori, Chiba 266-0007, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Francisco S Cayabyab
- Department of Surgery, Neuroscience Research Group, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mohan Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
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Princely Abudu Y, Pankiv S, Mathai BJ, Håkon Lystad A, Bindesbøll C, Brenne HB, Yoke Wui Ng M, Thiede B, Yamamoto A, Mutugi Nthiga T, Lamark T, Esguerra CV, Johansen T, Simonsen A. NIPSNAP1 and NIPSNAP2 Act as "Eat Me" Signals for Mitophagy. Dev Cell 2019; 49:509-525.e12. [PMID: 30982665 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The clearance of damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria by selective autophagy (mitophagy) is important for cellular homeostasis and prevention of disease. Our understanding of the mitochondrial signals that trigger their recognition and targeting by mitophagy is limited. Here, we show that the mitochondrial matrix proteins 4-Nitrophenylphosphatase domain and non-neuronal SNAP25-like protein homolog 1 (NIPSNAP1) and NIPSNAP2 accumulate on the mitochondria surface upon mitochondrial depolarization. There, they recruit proteins involved in selective autophagy, including autophagy receptors and ATG8 proteins, thereby functioning as an "eat me" signal for mitophagy. NIPSNAP1 and NIPSNAP2 have a redundant function in mitophagy and are predominantly expressed in different tissues. Zebrafish lacking a functional Nipsnap1 display reduced mitophagy in the brain and parkinsonian phenotypes, including loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (Th1)-positive dopaminergic (DA) neurons, reduced motor activity, and increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakubu Princely Abudu
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Serhiy Pankiv
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1112 Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway
| | - Benan John Mathai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1112 Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway
| | - Alf Håkon Lystad
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1112 Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway
| | - Christian Bindesbøll
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1112 Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway
| | - Hanne Britt Brenne
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Matthew Yoke Wui Ng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1112 Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oslo, 1066 Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Ai Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032-3784, USA
| | - Thaddaeus Mutugi Nthiga
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Trond Lamark
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway
| | - Camila V Esguerra
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, 1137 Blindern, Oslo 0318, Norway
| | - Terje Johansen
- Molecular Cancer Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, Norway.
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1112 Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway.
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24
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Princely Abudu Y, Pankiv S, Mathai BJ, Håkon Lystad A, Bindesbøll C, Brenne HB, Yoke Wui Ng M, Thiede B, Yamamoto A, Mutugi Nthiga T, Lamark T, Esguerra CV, Johansen T, Simonsen A. NIPSNAP1 and NIPSNAP2 Act as “Eat Me” Signals for Mitophagy. Dev Cell 2019; 49:509-525.e12. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
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25
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MacDougall G, Anderton RS, Mastaglia FL, Knuckey NW, Meloni BP. Mitochondria and neuroprotection in stroke: Cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) as a novel class of mitochondria-targeted neuroprotective therapeutics. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 121:17-33. [PMID: 30218759 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally and represents a major cause of devastating long-term disability. Despite sustained efforts to develop clinically effective neuroprotective therapies, presently there is no clinically available neuroprotective agent for stroke. As a central mediator of neurodamaging events in stroke, mitochondria are recognised as a critical neuroprotective target, and as such, provide a focus for developing mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics. In recent years, cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) have been identified as a novel class of neuroprotective agent with several demonstrated mechanisms of action, including their ability to target mitochondria and exert positive effects on the organelle. This review provides an overview on neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction in ischaemic stroke pathophysiology and highlights the potential beneficial effects of CARPs on mitochondria in the ischaemic brain following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella MacDougall
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; School of Heath Sciences, and Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia.
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; School of Heath Sciences, and Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bruno P Meloni
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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26
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Plant mitochondrial protein import: the ins and outs. Biochem J 2018; 475:2191-2208. [PMID: 30018142 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The majority of the mitochondrial proteome, required to fulfil its diverse range of functions, is cytosolically synthesised and translocated via specialised machinery. The dedicated translocases, receptors, and associated proteins have been characterised in great detail in yeast over the last several decades, yet many of the mechanisms that regulate these processes in higher eukaryotes are still unknown. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge of mitochondrial protein import in plants. Despite the fact that the mechanisms of mitochondrial protein import have remained conserved across species, many unique features have arisen in plants to encompass the developmental, tissue-specific, and stress-responsive regulation in planta. An understanding of unique features and mechanisms in plants provides us with a unique insight into the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in higher eukaryotes.
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27
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Zorova LD, Popkov VA, Plotnikov EY, Silachev DN, Pevzner IB, Jankauskas SS, Babenko VA, Zorov SD, Balakireva AV, Juhaszova M, Sollott SJ, Zorov DB. Mitochondrial membrane potential. Anal Biochem 2018; 552:50-59. [PMID: 28711444 PMCID: PMC5792320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1060] [Impact Index Per Article: 176.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) generated by proton pumps (Complexes I, III and IV) is an essential component in the process of energy storage during oxidative phosphorylation. Together with the proton gradient (ΔpH), ΔΨm forms the transmembrane potential of hydrogen ions which is harnessed to make ATP. The levels of ΔΨm and ATP in the cell are kept relatively stable although there are limited fluctuations of both these factors that can occur reflecting normal physiological activity. However, sustained changes in both factors may be deleterious. A long-lasting drop or rise of ΔΨm vs normal levels may induce unwanted loss of cell viability and be a cause of various pathologies. Among other factors, ΔΨm plays a key role in mitochondrial homeostasis through selective elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria. It is also a driving force for transport of ions (other than H+) and proteins which are necessary for healthy mitochondrial functioning. We propose additional potential mechanisms for which ΔΨm is essential for maintenance of cellular health and viability and provide recommendations how to accurately measure ΔΨm in a cell and discuss potential sources of artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubava D Zorova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily A Popkov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis N Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina B Pevzner
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A Babenko
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Savva D Zorov
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia V Balakireva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Magdalena Juhaszova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven J Sollott
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dmitry B Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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28
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Nathanael JG, Gamon LF, Cordes M, Rablen PR, Bally T, Fromm KM, Giese B, Wille U. Amide Neighbouring-Group Effects in Peptides: Phenylalanine as Relay Amino Acid in Long-Distance Electron Transfer. Chembiochem 2018; 19:922-926. [PMID: 29460322 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In nature, proteins serve as media for long-distance electron transfer (ET) to carry out redox reactions in distant compartments. This ET occurs either by a single-step superexchange or through a multi-step charge hopping process, which uses side chains of amino acids as stepping stones. In this study we demonstrate that Phe can act as a relay amino acid for long-distance electron hole transfer through peptides. The considerably increased susceptibility of the aromatic ring to oxidation is caused by the lone pairs of neighbouring amide carbonyl groups, which stabilise the Phe radical cation. This neighbouring-amide-group effect helps improve understanding of the mechanism of extracellular electron transfer through conductive protein filaments (pili) of anaerobic bacteria during mineral respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joses G Nathanael
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Luke F Gamon
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Meike Cordes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul R Rablen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, PA, 19081-1397, USA
| | - Thomas Bally
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Katharina M Fromm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Giese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Uta Wille
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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29
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Yang Y, Shi R, Soomro MH, Hu F, Du F, She R. Hepatitis E Virus Induces Hepatocyte Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Pathway in Mongolian Gerbils. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:460. [PMID: 29615994 PMCID: PMC5864903 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that Mongolian gerbils can be infected by hepatitis E virus (HEV), which induces the hepatic injury. Here, the mitochondria in hepatocytes from HEV-infected gerbils were considerably swollen, thin cristae. After HEV infection, the activity of superoxide dismutase significantly decreased (p < 0.01), while malondialdehyde concentrations significantly increased, compared with those in the control group (p < 0.01). Adenosine triphosphatase levels decreased significantly in the hepatocyte of the inoculated groups, compared with those in control group (p < 0.05) at days 21, 28, 42 post-inoculation (dpi) as well. Furthermore, the levels of ATP synthetase ATP5A1 significantly decreased during HEV infection, compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). According to the TdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) detection, TUNEL positive hepatocytes increased in the inoculated group, compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05). Up-regulation of the mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis regulating proteins, Bax and Bcl-2, in the HEV-infected gerbils (p < 0.05) was observed. However, cytochrome c levels in mitochondria decreased, while this molecule was detected in the cytoplasm of the infected animals, in contrast to that in the control group. Apaf-1, and active caspase-9 and -3 levels were shown to be significantly higher in the inoculated group compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). Taken together, our results demonstrated that HEV infection induces hepatocyte injuries and activity of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which trigger the hepatocyte apoptosis in Mongolian gerbils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihan Shi
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Majid H Soomro
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Du
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiping She
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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30
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TOM70 Sustains Cell Bioenergetics by Promoting IP3R3-Mediated ER to Mitochondria Ca 2+ Transfer. Curr Biol 2018; 28:369-382.e6. [PMID: 29395920 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) is a protein complex that is essential for the post-translational import of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. Among its subunits, TOM70 and TOM20 are only transiently associated with the core complex, suggesting their possible additional roles within the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Here, by using different mammalian cell lines, we demonstrate that TOM70, but not TOM20, clusters in distinct OMM foci, frequently overlapping with sites in which the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts mitochondria. Functionally, TOM70 depletion specifically impairs inositol trisphosphates (IP3)-linked ER to mitochondria Ca2+ transfer. This phenomenon is dependent on the capacity of TOM70 to interact with IP3-receptors and favor their functional recruitment close to mitochondria. Importantly, the reduced constitutive Ca2+ transfer to mitochondria, observed in TOM70-depleted cells, dampens mitochondrial respiration, affects cell bioenergetics, induces autophagy, and inhibits proliferation. Our data reveal a hitherto unexpected role for TOM70 in pro-survival ER-mitochondria communication, reinforcing the view that the ER-mitochondria signaling platform is a key regulator of cell fate.
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31
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Gottschling DE, Nyström T. The Upsides and Downsides of Organelle Interconnectivity. Cell 2017; 169:24-34. [PMID: 28340346 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Interconnectivity and feedback control are hallmarks of biological systems. This includes communication between organelles, which allows them to function and adapt to changing cellular environments. While the specific mechanisms for all communications remain opaque, unraveling the wiring of organelle networks is critical to understand how biological systems are built and why they might collapse, as occurs in aging. A comprehensive understanding of all the routes involved in inter-organelle communication is still lacking, but important themes are beginning to emerge, primarily in budding yeast. These routes are reviewed here in the context of sub-system proteostasis and complex adaptive systems theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Nyström
- Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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32
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Tang K, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhu M, Li W, Liu W, Zhu G, Xu D, Peng W, Xu YW. Translocase of Inner Membrane 50 Functions as a Novel Protective Regulator of Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004346. [PMID: 28432072 PMCID: PMC5532988 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translocase of inner membrane 50 (TIM50) is a member of the translocase of inner membrane (TIM) complex in the mitochondria. Previous research has demonstrated the role of TIM50 in the regulation of oxidative stress and cardiac morphology. However, the role of TIM50 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study we found that the expression of TIM50 was downregulated in hypertrophic hearts. Using genetic loss-of-function animal models, we demonstrated that TIM50 deficiency increased heart and cardiomyocyte size with more severe cardiac fibrosis compared with wild-type littermates. Moreover, we generated cardiomyocyte-specific TIM50 transgenic mice in which the hypertrophic and fibrotic phenotypes were all alleviated. Next, we tested reactive oxygen species generation and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, and also respiratory chain complexes I, II, and IV, finding that all the activities were regulated by TIM50. Meanwhile, expression of the ASK1-JNK/P38 axis was increased in TIM50-deficient mice, and TIM50 overexpression decreased the activity of the ASK1-JNK/P38 axis. Finally, we treated mice with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine to reduce oxidative stress. After N-acetyl cysteine treatment, the deteriorative hypertrophic and fibrotic phenotypes caused by TIM50 deficiency were all remarkably reversed. CONCLUSIONS These data indicated that TIM50 could attenuate pathological cardiac hypertrophy primarily by reducing oxidative stress. TIM50 could be a promising target for the prevention and therapy of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dachun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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33
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Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles with numerous functions in cellular metabolism and homeostasis. Most of the >1,000 different mitochondrial proteins are synthesized as precursors in the cytosol and are imported into mitochondria by five transport pathways. The protein import machineries of the mitochondrial membranes and aqueous compartments reveal a remarkable variability of mechanisms for protein recognition, translocation, and sorting. The protein translocases do not operate as separate entities but are connected to each other and to machineries with functions in energetics, membrane organization, and quality control. Here, we discuss the versatility and dynamic organization of the mitochondrial protein import machineries. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial protein translocation is crucial for understanding the integration of protein translocases into a large network that controls organelle biogenesis, function, and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Wiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; ,
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; ,
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34
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Sheu SY, Yang DY. Mechanically Controlled Electron Transfer in a Single-Polypeptide Transistor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39792. [PMID: 28051140 PMCID: PMC5209712 DOI: 10.1038/srep39792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins are of interest in nano-bio electronic devices due to their versatile structures, exquisite functionality and specificity. However, quantum transport measurements produce conflicting results due to technical limitations whereby it is difficult to precisely determine molecular orientation, the nature of the moieties, the presence of the surroundings and the temperature; in such circumstances a better understanding of the protein electron transfer (ET) pathway and the mechanism remains a considerable challenge. Here, we report an approach to mechanically drive polypeptide flip-flop motion to achieve a logic gate with ON and OFF states during protein ET. We have calculated the transmission spectra of the peptide-based molecular junctions and observed the hallmarks of electrical current and conductance. The results indicate that peptide ET follows an NC asymmetric process and depends on the amino acid chirality and α-helical handedness. Electron transmission decreases as the number of water molecules increases, and the ET efficiency and its pathway depend on the type of water-bridged H-bonds. Our results provide a rational mechanism for peptide ET and new perspectives on polypeptides as potential candidates in logic nano devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheh-Yi Sheu
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Genome Sciences and Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yen Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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35
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Boominathan A, Vanhoozer S, Basisty N, Powers K, Crampton AL, Wang X, Friedricks N, Schilling B, Brand MD, O'Connor MS. Stable nuclear expression of ATP8 and ATP6 genes rescues a mtDNA Complex V null mutant. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9342-9357. [PMID: 27596602 PMCID: PMC5100594 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We explore the possibility of re-engineering mitochondrial genes and expressing them from the nucleus as an approach to rescue defects arising from mitochondrial DNA mutations. We have used a patient cybrid cell line with a single point mutation in the overlap region of the ATP8 and ATP6 genes of the human mitochondrial genome. These cells are null for the ATP8 protein, have significantly lowered ATP6 protein levels and no Complex V function. Nuclear expression of only the ATP8 gene with the ATP5G1 mitochondrial targeting sequence appended restored viability on Krebs cycle substrates and ATP synthesis capabilities but, failed to restore ATP hydrolysis and was insensitive to various inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation. Co-expressing both ATP8 and ATP6 genes under similar conditions resulted in stable protein expression leading to successful integration into Complex V of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery. Tests for ATP hydrolysis / synthesis, oxygen consumption, glycolytic metabolism and viability all indicate a significant functional rescue of the mutant phenotype (including re-assembly of Complex V) following stable co-expression of ATP8 and ATP6 Thus, we report the stable allotopic expression, import and function of two mitochondria encoded genes, ATP8 and ATP6, resulting in simultaneous rescue of the loss of both mitochondrial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shon Vanhoozer
- SENS Research Foundation Research Center, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | - Nathan Basisty
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kathleen Powers
- SENS Research Foundation Research Center, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | | | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Natalie Friedricks
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Martin D Brand
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Moreno-Loshuertos R, Enríquez JA. Respiratory supercomplexes and the functional segmentation of the CoQ pool. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 100:5-13. [PMID: 27105951 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The evidence accumulated during the last fifteen years on the existence of respiratory supercomplexes and their proposed functional implications has changed our understanding of the OXPHOS system complexity and regulation. The plasticity model is a point of encounter accounting for the apparently contradictory experimental observations claimed to support either the solid or the fluid models. It allows the explanation of previous observations such as the dependence between respiratory complexes, supercomplex assembly dynamics or the existence of different functional ubiquinone pools. With the general acceptation of respiratory supercomplexes as true entities, this review evaluates the supporting evidences in favor or against the existence of different ubiquinone pools and the relationship between supercomplexes, ROS production and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Moreno-Loshuertos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - José Antonio Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.
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Wasilewski M, Chojnacka K, Chacinska A. Protein trafficking at the crossroads to mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:125-137. [PMID: 27810356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are central power stations in the cell, which additionally serve as metabolic hubs for a plethora of anabolic and catabolic processes. The sustained function of mitochondria requires the precisely controlled biogenesis and expression coordination of proteins that originate from the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Accuracy of targeting, transport and assembly of mitochondrial proteins is also needed to avoid deleterious effects on protein homeostasis in the cell. Checkpoints of mitochondrial protein transport can serve as signals that provide information about the functional status of the organelles. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of mitochondrial protein transport and discuss examples that involve communication with the nucleus and cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Wasilewski
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Poland.
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Abstract
Background The Tim17 family of proteins plays a fundamental role in the biogenesis of mitochondria. Three Tim17 family proteins, Tim17, Tim22, and Tim23, are the central components of the widely conserved multi-subunit protein translocases, TIM23 and TIM22, which mediate protein transport across and into the inner mitochondrial membrane, respectively. In addition, several Tim17 family proteins occupy the inner and outer membranes of plastids. Results We have performed comprehensive sequence analyses on 5631 proteomes from all domains of life deposited in the Uniprot database. The analyses showed that the Tim17 family of proteins is much more diverse than previously thought and involves at least ten functionally and phylogenetically distinct groups of proteins. As previously shown, mitochondrial inner membrane accommodates prototypical Tim17, Tim22 and Tim23 and two Tim17 proteins, TIMMDC1 and NDUFA11, which participate in the assembly of complex I of the respiratory chain. In addition, we have identified Romo1/Mgr2 as Tim17 family member. The protein has been shown to control lateral release of substrates fromTIM23 complex in yeast and to participate in the production of reactive oxygen species in mammalian cells. Two peroxisomal proteins, Pmp24 and Tmem135, of so far unknown function also belong to Tim17 protein family. Additionally, a new group of Tim17 family proteins carrying a C-terminal coiled-coil domain has been identified predominantly in fungi. Conclusions We have mapped the distribution of Tim17 family members in the eukaryotic supergroups and found that the mitochondrial Tim17, Tim22 and Tim23 proteins, as well as the peroxisomal Tim17 family proteins, were all likely to be present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA). Thus, kinetoplastid mitochondria previously identified as carrying a single Tim17protein family homologue are likely to be the outcome of a secondary reduction. The eukaryotic cell has modified mitochondrial Tim17 family proteins to mediate different functions in multiple cellular compartments including mitochondria, plastids and peroxisomes. Concerning the origin of Tim17 protein family, our analyses do not support the affiliation of the protein family and the component of bacterial amino acid permease. Thus, it is likely that Tim17 protein family is exclusive to eukaryotes. Reviewers The article was reviewed by Michael Gray, Martijn Huynen and Kira Makarova. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13062-016-0157-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Žárský
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prumyslova 595, 252 42, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Doležal
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prumyslova 595, 252 42, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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Mitochondria, cholesterol and cancer cell metabolism. Clin Transl Med 2016; 5:22. [PMID: 27455839 PMCID: PMC4960093 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the role of mitochondria in oxygen consumption, metabolism and cell death regulation, alterations in mitochondrial function or dysregulation of cell death pathways contribute to the genesis and progression of cancer. Cancer cells exhibit an array of metabolic transformations induced by mutations leading to gain-of-function of oncogenes and loss-of-function of tumor suppressor genes that include increased glucose consumption, reduced mitochondrial respiration, increased reactive oxygen species generation and cell death resistance, all of which ensure cancer progression. Cholesterol metabolism is disturbed in cancer cells and supports uncontrolled cell growth. In particular, the accumulation of cholesterol in mitochondria emerges as a molecular component that orchestrates some of these metabolic alterations in cancer cells by impairing mitochondrial function. As a consequence, mitochondrial cholesterol loading in cancer cells may contribute, in part, to the Warburg effect stimulating aerobic glycolysis to meet the energetic demand of proliferating cells, while protecting cancer cells against mitochondrial apoptosis due to changes in mitochondrial membrane dynamics. Further understanding the complexity in the metabolic alterations of cancer cells, mediated largely through alterations in mitochondrial function, may pave the way to identify more efficient strategies for cancer treatment involving the use of small molecules targeting mitochondria, cholesterol homeostasis/trafficking and specific metabolic pathways.
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Nuebel E, Manganas P, Tokatlidis K. Orphan proteins of unknown function in the mitochondrial intermembrane space proteome: New pathways and metabolic cross-talk. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2613-2623. [PMID: 27425144 PMCID: PMC5404111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) is involved in protein transport, lipid homeostasis and metal ion exchange, while further acting in signalling pathways such as apoptosis. Regulation of these processes involves protein modifications, as well as stress-induced import or release of proteins and other signalling molecules. Even though the IMS is the smallest sub-compartment of mitochondria, its redox state seems to be tightly regulated. However, the way in which this compartment participates in the cross-talk between the multiple organelles and the cytosol is far from understood. Here we focus on newly identified IMS proteins that may represent future challenges in mitochondrial research. We present an overview of the import pathways, the recently discovered new components of the IMS proteome and how these relate to key aspects of cell signalling and progress made in stem cell and cancer research. A brief overview of the classic mitochondrial import pathways is featured Recent studies assigning a number of new proteins to the mitochondrial IMS are discussed Analysis of the expanded IMS proteomes can provide insights into organelle cross-talk and signalling pathways
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Nuebel
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Phanee Manganas
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Kostas Tokatlidis
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
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Sánchez-Caballero L, Guerrero-Castillo S, Nijtmans L. Unraveling the complexity of mitochondrial complex I assembly: A dynamic process. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:980-90. [PMID: 27040506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian complex I is composed of 44 different subunits and its assembly requires at least 13 specific assembly factors. Proper function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme is of crucial importance for cell survival due to its major participation in energy production and cell signaling. Complex I assembly depends on the coordination of several crucial processes that need to be tightly interconnected and orchestrated by a number of assembly factors. The understanding of complex I assembly evolved from simple sequential concept to the more sophisticated modular assembly model describing a convoluted process. According to this model, the different modules assemble independently and associate afterwards with each other to form the final enzyme. In this review, we aim to unravel the complexity of complex I assembly and provide the latest insights in this fundamental and fascinating process. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Respiratory complex I, edited by Volker Zickermann and Ulrich Brandt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez-Caballero
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Guerrero-Castillo
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo Nijtmans
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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42
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Bauer NC, Doetsch PW, Corbett AH. Mechanisms Regulating Protein Localization. Traffic 2015; 16:1039-61. [PMID: 26172624 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular functions are dictated by protein content and activity. There are numerous strategies to regulate proteins varying from modulating gene expression to post-translational modifications. One commonly used mode of regulation in eukaryotes is targeted localization. By specifically redirecting the localization of a pool of existing protein, cells can achieve rapid changes in local protein function. Eukaryotic cells have evolved elegant targeting pathways to direct proteins to the appropriate cellular location or locations. Here, we provide a general overview of these localization pathways, with a focus on nuclear and mitochondrial transport, and present a survey of the evolutionarily conserved regulatory strategies identified thus far. We end with a description of several specific examples of proteins that exploit localization as an important mode of regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Bauer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Current address: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Paul W Doetsch
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Anita H Corbett
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Horvath
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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44
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Jobling RK, Assoum M, Gakh O, Blaser S, Raiman JA, Mignot C, Roze E, Dürr A, Brice A, Lévy N, Prasad C, Paton T, Paterson AD, Roslin NM, Marshall CR, Desvignes JP, Roëckel-Trevisiol N, Scherer SW, Rouleau GA, Mégarbané A, Isaya G, Delague V, Yoon G. PMPCA mutations cause abnormal mitochondrial protein processing in patients with non-progressive cerebellar ataxia. Brain 2015; 138:1505-17. [PMID: 25808372 PMCID: PMC4542620 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-progressive cerebellar ataxias are a rare group of disorders that comprise approximately 10% of static infantile encephalopathies. We report the identification of mutations in PMPCA in 17 patients from four families affected with cerebellar ataxia, including the large Lebanese family previously described with autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia and short stature of Norman type and localized to chromosome 9q34 (OMIM #213200). All patients present with non-progressive cerebellar ataxia, and the majority have intellectual disability of variable severity. PMPCA encodes α-MPP, the alpha subunit of mitochondrial processing peptidase, the primary enzyme responsible for the maturation of the vast majority of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, which is necessary for life at the cellular level. Analysis of lymphoblastoid cells and fibroblasts from patients homozygous for the PMPCA p.Ala377Thr mutation and carriers demonstrate that the mutation impacts both the level of the alpha subunit encoded by PMPCA and the function of mitochondrial processing peptidase. In particular, this mutation impacts the maturation process of frataxin, the protein which is depleted in Friedreich ataxia. This study represents the first time that defects in PMPCA and mitochondrial processing peptidase have been described in association with a disease phenotype in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah K Jobling
- 1 Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mirna Assoum
- 2 Inserm, UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France 3 Aix Marseille Université, GMGF, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Oleksandr Gakh
- 4 Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine and Mayo Clinic Children's Centre, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Susan Blaser
- 5 Division of Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julian A Raiman
- 1 Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cyril Mignot
- 6 Département de Génétique, Unité de Génétique Clinique, APHP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière; Centre de Référence Maladies Rares 'Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares'; Groupe de Recherche Clinique UPMC Univ Paris 06; Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- 7 Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UM 75, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 8 Inserm, U 1127, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 9 Cnrs, UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 10 ICM, Paris, F-75013 Paris, France 11 AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Dürr
- 7 Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UM 75, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 8 Inserm, U 1127, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 9 Cnrs, UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 10 ICM, Paris, F-75013 Paris, France 12 AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- 7 Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UM 75, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 8 Inserm, U 1127, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 9 Cnrs, UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France 10 ICM, Paris, F-75013 Paris, France 12 AP-HP, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- 2 Inserm, UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France 3 Aix Marseille Université, GMGF, 13385, Marseille, France 13 Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Chitra Prasad
- 14 Medical Genetics Program, Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara Paton
- 15 The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- 15 The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole M Roslin
- 15 The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian R Marshall
- 15 The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Desvignes
- 2 Inserm, UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France 3 Aix Marseille Université, GMGF, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Roëckel-Trevisiol
- 2 Inserm, UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France 3 Aix Marseille Université, GMGF, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- 15 The Centre for Applied Genomics and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada 16 McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- 17 Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - André Mégarbané
- 18 Unité de Génétique Médicale and Laboratoire Associé Inserm UMR S_910, Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon 19 Institut Jérôme Lejeune, Paris, France
| | - Grazia Isaya
- 4 Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine and Mayo Clinic Children's Centre, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Valérie Delague
- 2 Inserm, UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France 3 Aix Marseille Université, GMGF, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Grace Yoon
- 1 Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 20 Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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45
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Mitochondria in health, aging and diseases: the epigenetic perspective. Biogerontology 2015; 16:569-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9562-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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46
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Koob S, Reichert AS. Novel intracellular functions of apolipoproteins: the ApoO protein family as constituents of the Mitofilin/MINOS complex determines cristae morphology in mitochondria. Biol Chem 2015; 395:285-96. [PMID: 24391192 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria exist in a highly dynamic network that is constantly altered by fusion and fission events depending on various factors such as cellular bioenergetic state and cell cycle. Next to this dynamic nature of the organelle, its cristae membrane also undergoes drastic morphological changes upon physiological or pathological alterations. The Mitofilin/mitochondrial inner membrane organizing system (MINOS) complex was recently reported to ensure mitochondrial architecture and crista junction integrity. Several subunits of this complex are linked to a diverse set of neurological human disorders. Recently, two apolipoproteins, ApoO (APOO) and ApoO-like (APOOL) were suggested to represent constituents of the mammalian Mitofilin/MINOS complex. APOOL was shown to bind the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) and to interact physically with this complex. In this review we highlight the current view on the mammalian Mitofilin/MINOS complex and focus on APOOL and the role of CL in determining cristae morphology. We will discuss possible functions of the Mitofilin/MINOS complex on lipid transport, on assembly of respiratory supercomplexes, on F1FO-ATP synthase organization, on contact site formation, and on trapping CL within the cristae subcompartment.
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47
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Höhr AIC, Straub SP, Warscheid B, Becker T, Wiedemann N. Assembly of β-barrel proteins in the mitochondrial outer membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1853:74-88. [PMID: 25305573 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria evolved through endosymbiosis of a Gram-negative progenitor with a host cell to generate eukaryotes. Therefore, the outer membrane of mitochondria and Gram-negative bacteria contain pore proteins with β-barrel topology. After synthesis in the cytosol, β-barrel precursor proteins are first transported into the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Folding and membrane integration of β-barrel proteins depend on the mitochondrial sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) located in the outer membrane, which is related to the β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM) in bacteria. The SAM complex recognizes β-barrel proteins by a β-signal in the C-terminal β-strand that is required to initiate β-barrel protein insertion into the outer membrane. In addition, the SAM complex is crucial to form membrane contacts with the inner mitochondrial membrane by interacting with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and shares a subunit with the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) that links the outer mitochondrial membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra I C Höhr
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Fakultät für Biologie, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian P Straub
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Fakultät für Biologie, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Abteilung Biochemie und Funktionelle Proteomik, Institut für Biologie II, Fakultät für Biologie, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Wiedemann
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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48
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Enriquez JA, Lenaz G. Coenzyme q and the respiratory chain: coenzyme q pool and mitochondrial supercomplexes. Mol Syndromol 2014; 5:119-40. [PMID: 25126045 DOI: 10.1159/000363364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two alternative models of organization of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) have been alternatively favored or questioned by the accumulation evidences of different sources, the solid model or the random collision model. Both agree in the number of respiratory complexes (I-IV) that participate in the mETC, but while the random collision model proposes that Complexes I-IV do not interact physically and that electrons are transferred between them by coenzyme Q and cytochrome c, the solid model proposes that all complexes super-assemble in the so-called respirasome. Recently, the plasticity model has been developed to incorporate the solid and the random collision model as extreme situations of a dynamic organization, allowing super-assembly free movement of the respiratory complexes. In this review, we evaluate the supporting evidences of each model and the implications of the super-assembly in the physiological role of coenzyme Q.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgio Lenaz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Ribas V, García-Ruiz C, Fernández-Checa JC. Glutathione and mitochondria. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:151. [PMID: 25024695 PMCID: PMC4079069 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is the main non-protein thiol in cells whose functions are dependent on the redox-active thiol of its cysteine moiety that serves as a cofactor for a number of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. While synthesized exclusively in the cytosol from its constituent amino acids, GSH is distributed in different compartments, including mitochondria where its concentration in the matrix equals that of the cytosol. This feature and its negative charge at physiological pH imply the existence of specific carriers to import GSH from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix, where it plays a key role in defense against respiration-induced reactive oxygen species and in the detoxification of lipid hydroperoxides and electrophiles. Moreover, as mitochondria play a central strategic role in the activation and mode of cell death, mitochondrial GSH has been shown to critically regulate the level of sensitization to secondary hits that induce mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and release of proteins confined in the intermembrane space that once in the cytosol engage the molecular machinery of cell death. In this review, we summarize recent data on the regulation of mitochondrial GSH and its role in cell death and prevalent human diseases, such as cancer, fatty liver disease, and Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicent Ribas
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC) Barcelona, Spain ; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centre Esther Koplowitz, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen García-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC) Barcelona, Spain ; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centre Esther Koplowitz, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Barcelona, Spain ; Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases and Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - José C Fernández-Checa
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC) Barcelona, Spain ; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Centre Esther Koplowitz, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Barcelona, Spain ; Research Center for Alcoholic Liver and Pancreatic Diseases and Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sato M, Torres-Bacete J, Sinha PK, Matsuno-Yagi A, Yagi T. Essential regions in the membrane domain of bacterial complex I (NDH-1): the machinery for proton translocation. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:279-87. [PMID: 24973951 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The proton-translocating NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (complex I/NDH-1) is the first and largest enzyme of the respiratory chain which has a central role in cellular energy production and is implicated in many human neurodegenerative diseases and aging. It is believed that the peripheral domain of complex I/NDH-1 transfers the electron from NADH to Quinone (Q) and the redox energy couples the proton translocation in the membrane domain. To investigate the mechanism of the proton translocation, in a series of works we have systematically studied all membrane subunits in the Escherichia coli NDH-1 by site-directed mutagenesis. In this mini-review, we have summarized our strategy and results of the mutagenesis by depicting residues essential for proton translocation, along with those for subunit connection. It is suggested that clues to understanding the driving forces of proton translocation lie in the similarities and differences of the membrane subunits, highlighting the communication of essential charged residues among the subunits. A possible proton translocation mechanism with all membrane subunits operating in unison is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoaki Sato
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, MEM-256, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA,
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