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Baev AY, Vinokurov AY, Potapova EV, Dunaev AV, Angelova PR, Abramov AY. Mitochondrial Permeability Transition, Cell Death and Neurodegeneration. Cells 2024; 13:648. [PMID: 38607087 PMCID: PMC11011324 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic conditions occurring when neurons die in specific brain regions that lead to loss of movement or cognitive functions. Despite the progress in understanding the mechanisms of this pathology, currently no cure exists to treat these types of diseases: for some of them the only help is alleviating the associated symptoms. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of most the neurodegenerative disorders. The fast and transient permeability of mitochondria (the mitochondrial permeability transition, mPT) has been shown to be an initial step in the mechanism of apoptotic and necrotic cell death, which acts as a regulator of tissue regeneration for postmitotic neurons as it leads to the irreparable loss of cells and cell function. In this study, we review the role of the mitochondrial permeability transition in neuronal death in major neurodegenerative diseases, covering the inductors of mPTP opening in neurons, including the major ones-free radicals and calcium-and we discuss perspectives and difficulties in the development of a neuroprotective strategy based on the inhibition of mPTP in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artyom Y. Baev
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan;
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Andrey Y. Vinokurov
- Cell Physiology and Pathology Laboratory, Orel State University, Orel 302026, Russia; (A.Y.V.); (E.V.P.); (A.V.D.)
| | - Elena V. Potapova
- Cell Physiology and Pathology Laboratory, Orel State University, Orel 302026, Russia; (A.Y.V.); (E.V.P.); (A.V.D.)
| | - Andrey V. Dunaev
- Cell Physiology and Pathology Laboratory, Orel State University, Orel 302026, Russia; (A.Y.V.); (E.V.P.); (A.V.D.)
| | - Plamena R. Angelova
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK;
| | - Andrey Y. Abramov
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK;
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2
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Malacarne C, Giagnorio E, Chirizzi C, Cattaneo M, Saraceno F, Cavalcante P, Bonanno S, Mantegazza R, Moreno-Manzano V, Lauria G, Metrangolo P, Bombelli FB, Marcuzzo S. FM19G11-loaded nanoparticles modulate energetic status and production of reactive oxygen species in myoblasts from ALS mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116380. [PMID: 38447450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Considerable evidence indicates that early skeletal muscle atrophy plays a crucial role in the disease pathogenesis, leading to an altered muscle-motor neuron crosstalk that, in turn, may contribute to motor neuron degeneration. Currently, there is no effective treatment for ALS, highlighting the need to dig deeper into the pathological mechanisms for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. FM19G11 is a novel drug able to modulate the global cellular metabolism, but its effects on ALS skeletal muscle atrophy and mitochondrial metabolism have never been evaluated, yet. This study investigated whether FM19G11-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) may affect the bioenergetic status in myoblasts isolated from G93A-SOD1 mice at different disease stages. We found that FM19G1-loaded NP treatment was able to increase transcriptional levels of Akt1, Akt3, Mef2a, Mef2c and Ucp2, which are key genes associated with cell proliferation (Akt1, Akt3), muscle differentiation (Mef2c), and mitochondrial activity (Ucp2), in G93A-SOD1 myoblasts. These cells also showed a significant reduction of mitochondrial area and networks, in addition to decreased ROS production after treatment with FM19G11-loaded NPs, suggesting a ROS clearance upon the amelioration of mitochondrial dynamics. Our overall findings demonstrate a significant impact of FM19G11-loaded NPs on muscle cell function and bioenergetic status in G93A-SOD1 myoblasts, thus promising to open new avenues towards possible adoption of FM19G11-based nanotherapies to slow muscle degeneration in the frame of ALS and muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Malacarne
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Eleonora Giagnorio
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Cristina Chirizzi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; PhD Program in Pharmacological Biomolecular Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, University of Milano, Via G.Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Fulvia Saraceno
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Victoria Moreno-Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center, Carrer d´Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy; Brains Lab, Joint Research Platform, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta-Politecnico di Milano, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SupraBioNano Lab), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20131, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, Milan 20133, Italy; Brains Lab, Joint Research Platform, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta-Politecnico di Milano, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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3
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Cunha-Oliveira T, Montezinho L, Simões RF, Carvalho M, Ferreiro E, Silva FSG. Mitochondria: A Promising Convergent Target for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2024; 13:248. [PMID: 38334639 PMCID: PMC10854804 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, for which current treatment options are limited. Recent studies have shed light on the role of mitochondria in ALS pathogenesis, making them an attractive therapeutic intervention target. This review contains a very comprehensive critical description of the involvement of mitochondria and mitochondria-mediated mechanisms in ALS. The review covers several key areas related to mitochondria in ALS, including impaired mitochondrial function, mitochondrial bioenergetics, reactive oxygen species, metabolic processes and energy metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, turnover, autophagy and mitophagy, impaired mitochondrial transport, and apoptosis. This review also highlights preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated various mitochondria-targeted therapies for ALS treatment. These include strategies to improve mitochondrial function, such as the use of dichloroacetate, ketogenic and high-fat diets, acetyl-carnitine, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. Additionally, antiapoptotic agents, like the mPTP-targeting agents minocycline and rasagiline, are discussed. The paper aims to contribute to the identification of effective mitochondria-targeted therapies for ALS treatment by synthesizing the current understanding of the role of mitochondria in ALS pathogenesis and reviewing potential convergent therapeutic interventions. The complex interplay between mitochondria and the pathogenic mechanisms of ALS holds promise for the development of novel treatment strategies to combat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Montezinho
- Center for Investigation Vasco da Gama (CIVG), Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama, 3020-210 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Rui F. Simões
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Carvalho
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ferreiro
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filomena S. G. Silva
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Mitotag Lda, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
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Klemmensen MM, Borrowman SH, Pearce C, Pyles B, Chandra B. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00292. [PMID: 38241161 PMCID: PMC10903104 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in understanding the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases have expanded the opportunities for neurotherapeutics targeting mitochondria to alleviate symptoms and slow disease progression. In this review, we offer a historical account of advances in mitochondrial biology and neurodegenerative disease. Additionally, we summarize current knowledge of the normal physiology of mitochondria and the pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease, current therapeutics and recent therapeutic advances, as well as future directions for neurotherapeutics targeting mitochondrial function. A focus is placed on reactive oxygen species and their role in the disruption of telomeres and their effects on the epigenome. The effects of mitochondrial dysfunction in the etiology and progression of Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease are discussed in depth. Current clinical trials for mitochondria-targeting neurotherapeutics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn M Klemmensen
- University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Seth H Borrowman
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Colin Pearce
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Benjamin Pyles
- Aper Funis Research, Union River Innovation Center, Ellsworth, ME 04605, USA
| | - Bharatendu Chandra
- University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Vacchiano V, Palombo F, Ormanbekova D, Fiorini C, Fiorentino A, Caporali L, Mastrangelo A, Valentino ML, Capellari S, Liguori R, Carelli V. The genetic puzzle of a SOD1-patient with ocular ptosis and a motor neuron disease: a case report. Front Genet 2023; 14:1322067. [PMID: 38152653 PMCID: PMC10751346 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1322067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complex genetic architecture, showing monogenic, oligogenic, and polygenic inheritance. In this study, we describe the case of a 71 years-old man diagnosed with ALS with atypical clinical features consisting in progressive ocular ptosis and sensorineural deafness. Genetic analyses revealed two heterozygous variants, in the SOD1 (OMIM*147450) and the TBK1 (OMIM*604834) genes respectively, and furthermore mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing identified the homoplasmic m.14484T>C variant usually associated with Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). We discuss how all these variants may synergically impinge on mitochondrial function, possibly contributing to the pathogenic mechanisms which might ultimately lead to the neurodegenerative process, shaping the clinical ALS phenotype enriched by adjunctive clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veria Vacchiano
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Flavia Palombo
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Danara Ormanbekova
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Fiorini
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Fiorentino
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Caporali
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Mastrangelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Valentino
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabina Capellari
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Patel TA, Kevadiya BD, Bajwa N, Singh PA, Zheng H, Kirabo A, Li YL, Patel KP. Role of Nanoparticle-Conjugates and Nanotheranostics in Abrogating Oxidative Stress and Ameliorating Neuroinflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1877. [PMID: 37891956 PMCID: PMC10604131 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a deteriorating condition that arises due to an imbalance between the reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant system or defense of the body. The key reasons for the development of such conditions are malfunctioning of various cell organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complex, as well as physical and mental disturbances. The nervous system has a relatively high utilization of oxygen, thus making it particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress, which eventually leads to neuronal atrophy and death. This advances the development of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration-associated disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, dementia, and other memory disorders. It is imperative to treat such conditions as early as possible before they worsen and progress to irreversible damage. Oxidative damage can be negated by two mechanisms: improving the cellular defense system or providing exogenous antioxidants. Natural antioxidants can normally handle such oxidative stress, but they have limited efficacy. The valuable features of nanoparticles and/or nanomaterials, in combination with antioxidant features, offer innovative nanotheranostic tools as potential therapeutic modalities. Hence, this review aims to represent novel therapeutic approaches like utilizing nanoparticles with antioxidant properties and nanotheranostics as delivery systems for potential therapeutic applications in various neuroinflammation- and neurodegeneration-associated disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan A. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Bhavesh D. Kevadiya
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Neha Bajwa
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India; (N.B.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Preet Amol Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India; (N.B.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Hong Zheng
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA;
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Yu-Long Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
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Rubino V, La Rosa G, Pipicelli L, Carriero F, Damiano S, Santillo M, Terrazzano G, Ruggiero G, Mondola P. Insights on the Multifaceted Roles of Wild-Type and Mutated Superoxide Dismutase 1 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Pathogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1747. [PMID: 37760050 PMCID: PMC10525763 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neurodegenerative disease. Cell damage in ALS is the result of many different, largely unknown, pathogenetic mechanisms. Astrocytes and microglial cells play a critical role also for their ability to enhance a deranged inflammatory response. Excitotoxicity, due to excessive glutamate levels and increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration, has also been proposed to play a key role in ALS pathogenesis/progression. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) behave as key second messengers for multiple receptor/ligand interactions. ROS-dependent regulatory networks are usually mediated by peroxides. Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) physiologically mediates intracellular peroxide generation. About 10% of ALS subjects show a familial disease associated with different gain-of-function SOD1 mutations. The occurrence of sporadic ALS, not clearly associated with SOD1 defects, has been also described. SOD1-dependent pathways have been involved in neuron functional network as well as in immune-response regulation. Both, neuron depolarization and antigen-dependent T-cell activation mediate SOD1 exocytosis, inducing increased interaction of the enzyme with a complex molecular network involved in the regulation of neuron functional activity and immune response. Here, alteration of SOD1-dependent pathways mediating increased intracellular Ca2+ levels, altered mitochondria functions and defective inflammatory process regulation have been proposed to be relevant for ALS pathogenesis/progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rubino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuliana La Rosa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.R.); (L.P.); (S.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Luca Pipicelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.R.); (L.P.); (S.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Flavia Carriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.C.); (G.T.)
| | - Simona Damiano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.R.); (L.P.); (S.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariarosaria Santillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.R.); (L.P.); (S.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Terrazzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.C.); (G.T.)
| | - Giuseppina Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Paolo Mondola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.L.R.); (L.P.); (S.D.); (M.S.)
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Tungalag T, Yoo YJ, Tae HJ, Yang DK. Olanzapine-Induced Therapeutic Hypothermia Attenuates Renal Injury in Rats after Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030443. [PMID: 35326094 PMCID: PMC8944495 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) through cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) after cardiac arrest (CA) causes post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) due to dysfunction in various organs, which provokes acute kidney injury because of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) can reduce PCAS after CA and ROSC. However, it needs to be more sophisticated and effective. Hence, we aimed to elucidate the protective effects of olanzapine-induced TH against renal injury in asphyxial CA-induced rats. Every rat’s body temperature was maintained at 33 °C for 6 h after administering olanzapine post-CA and ROSC. Olanzapine-induced TH dramatically increased the survival rate of the rats and ameliorated renal tissue damage. Moreover, it suppressed oxidative stress responses through preservation of mitochondrial function and endoplasmic reticulum stress as the main contributor of oxidative stress. Notably, these actions of olanzapine-induced TH were mediated through the Sirt3-related signaling pathway, including the maintenance of Sirt3 and FOXO3a protein expression and the activation of AMPKα and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD2, a mitochondrial antioxidant). This study is the first to disclose the protective effects of olanzapine-induced TH against renal injury after CA and ROSC, suggesting that olanzapine-induced TH could be utilized for treating CA followed by ROSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsendsuren Tungalag
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Yeo-Jin Yoo
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jin Tae
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.-J.T.); (D.K.Y.)
| | - Dong Kwon Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.-J.T.); (D.K.Y.)
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Carrer A, Laquatra C, Tommasin L, Carraro M. Modulation and Pharmacology of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: A Journey from F-ATP Synthase to ANT. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216463. [PMID: 34770872 PMCID: PMC8587538 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The permeability transition (PT) is an increased permeation of the inner mitochondrial membrane due to the opening of the PT pore (PTP), a Ca2+-activated high conductance channel involved in Ca2+ homeostasis and cell death. Alterations of the PTP have been associated with many pathological conditions and its targeting represents an incessant challenge in the field. Although the modulation of the PTP has been extensively explored, the lack of a clear picture of its molecular nature increases the degree of complexity for any target-based approach. Recent advances suggest the existence of at least two mitochondrial permeability pathways mediated by the F-ATP synthase and the ANT, although the exact molecular mechanism leading to channel formation remains elusive for both. A full comprehension of this to-pore conversion will help to assist in drug design and to develop pharmacological treatments for a fine-tuned PT regulation. Here, we will focus on regulatory mechanisms that impinge on the PTP and discuss the relevant literature of PTP targeting compounds with particular attention to F-ATP synthase and ANT.
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Mitostasis, Calcium and Free Radicals in Health, Aging and Neurodegeneration. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11071012. [PMID: 34356637 PMCID: PMC8301949 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play key roles in ATP supply, calcium homeostasis, redox balance control and apoptosis, which in neurons are fundamental for neurotransmission and to allow synaptic plasticity. Their functional integrity is maintained by mitostasis, a process that involves mitochondrial transport, anchoring, fusion and fission processes regulated by different signaling pathways but mainly by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). PGC-1α also favors Ca2+ homeostasis, reduces oxidative stress, modulates inflammatory processes and mobilizes mitochondria to where they are needed. To achieve their functions, mitochondria are tightly connected to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through specialized structures of the ER termed mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), which facilitate the communication between these two organelles mainly to aim Ca2+ buffering. Alterations in mitochondrial activity enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, disturbing the physiological metabolism and causing cell damage. Furthermore, cytosolic Ca2+ overload results in an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, leading to mitochondrial swelling and cell death through apoptosis as demonstrated in several neuropathologies. In summary, mitochondrial homeostasis is critical to maintain neuronal function; in fact, their regulation aims to improve neuronal viability and to protect against aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Saracila M, Panaite TD, Papuc CP, Criste RD. Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens and the Effect of Dietary Polyphenols, with Special Reference to Willow ( Salix spp .) Bark Supplements-A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050686. [PMID: 33925609 PMCID: PMC8146860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been a growing interest in the use of a wide range of phytoadditives to counteract the harmful effects of heat stress in poultry. Willow (Salix spp.) is a tree with a long history. Among various forms, willow bark is an important natural source of salicin, β-O-glucoside of saligenin, but also of polyphenols (flavonoids and condensed tannins) with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity. In light of this, the current review presents some literature data aiming to: (1) describe the relationship between heat stress and oxidative stress in broilers, (2) present or summarize literature data on the chemical composition of Salix species, (3) summarize the mechanisms of action of willow bark in heat-stressed broilers, and (4) present different biological effects of the extract of Salix species in different experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Saracila
- National Research-Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition (IBNA), Calea Bucuresti, 1, Balotesti, 077015 Ilfov, Romania; (T.D.P.); (R.D.C.)
- Faculty of Animal Production Engineering and Management, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd, District 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-21-351-2081
| | - Tatiana Dumitra Panaite
- National Research-Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition (IBNA), Calea Bucuresti, 1, Balotesti, 077015 Ilfov, Romania; (T.D.P.); (R.D.C.)
| | - Camelia Puia Papuc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 105 Splaiul Independentei, 050097 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Diana Criste
- National Research-Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition (IBNA), Calea Bucuresti, 1, Balotesti, 077015 Ilfov, Romania; (T.D.P.); (R.D.C.)
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Jia K, Du H. Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: A Pore Intertwines Brain Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:649. [PMID: 33804048 PMCID: PMC8001058 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced age is the greatest risk factor for aging-related brain disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the detailed mechanisms that mechanistically link aging and AD remain elusive. In recent years, a mitochondrial hypothesis of brain aging and AD has been accentuated. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a mitochondrial response to intramitochondrial and intracellular stresses. mPTP overactivation has been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and AD brains. This review summarizes the up-to-date progress in the study of mPTP in aging and AD and attempts to establish a link between brain aging and AD from a perspective of mPTP-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
- Higuchi Biosciences Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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13
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Offringa-Hup A. INAD and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, two ends of the iPLA2β spectrum. Med Hypotheses 2020; 137:109589. [PMID: 32006920 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are two deadly neuromuscular degenerative diseases of childhood. Knowledge on their pathophysiological mechanisms may direct us towards treatment or a cure. Although these diseases are caused by two totally different gene-mutations and cause different clinical pictures, in this article I propose a common disease mechanism in the two. This common mechanism is induced by defects in the response to cellular stress and injury. THE HYPOTHESIS: Depletion of iPLA2β in INAD and increased activity of iPLA2β in DMD eventually lead to similar defects in the response to cell stress and injury. According to this hypothesis, the depletion of iPLA2β in INAD primarily blocks repair mechanisms by the inability to form a mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP). Forming of the PTP is necessary to release mitochondrial coenzyme A (CoA) into the cytoplasm for activation of palmitoylation and massive endocytosis as a repair response. In DMD the increased activity of iPLA2β causes exhaustion of the stress signalling cascade by increased and prolonged PTP opening. Continuous leaking of mitochondrial CoA through the PTP leads to the inability of the cell to build a sufficient mitochondrial:cytoplasmic CoA gradient, also causing insufficient release of mitochondrial CoA as a response to cell stress and injury. Decreased palmitoylation capacity and decreased endocytosis and membrane remodelling are implicated in proven pathophysiological mechanisms in INAD and DMD. The described mechanism in INAD and DMD, may be considered a common mechanism of repair in case of cell stress and injury. Beside their role in INAD and DMD, they may therefore be implicated in other neurodegenerative diseases as well. Available research shows involvement of iPLA2β in other neurodegenerative diseases. We might be able to divide neurodegenerative diseases in "INAD-like disease-mechanism" or "DMD-like disease-mechanism", depending on decreased or increased iPLA2β activity.
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Ongnok B, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Doxorubicin and cisplatin induced cognitive impairment: The possible mechanisms and interventions. Exp Neurol 2019; 324:113118. [PMID: 31756316 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy has significantly increased the number of cancer survivors. However, chemotherapy itself carries various adverse effects that limit the efficacy of treatment and quality of life of the cancer patients. Most patients who have received chemotherapy report some cognitive deficit characterized by dysfunction in memory, learning, concentration, and reasoning. The phenomenon of cognitive decline developed from chemotherapy treatment is referred to as chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) or chemobrain. The two most common cancers occurring worldwide are lung and breast cancer. The predominant chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat lung and breast cancer are doxorubicin and cisplatin. There is evidence to suggest that both drugs potentially induce chemobrain. The evidence around the proposed pathogenesis of chemobrain caused by these two drugs is inconsistent. Understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of chemobrain would aid in the prevention or treatment of the adverse effects of chemotherapy on brain. This review will summarize and discuss controversial findings and possible mechanisms involved in the development of chemobrain and the interventions which could limit it from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ongnok
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neuroelectrophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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15
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Fang J, Chavez-Valdez R, Flock DL, Avaritt O, Saraswati M, Robertson C, Martin LJ, Northington FJ. An Inhibitor of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Lacks Therapeutic Efficacy Following Neonatal Hypoxia Ischemia in Mice. Neuroscience 2019; 406:202-211. [PMID: 30849447 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic ischemic (HI) brain injury causes lifelong neurologic disability. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the only approved therapy that partially mitigates mortality and morbidity. Therapies specifically targeting HI-induced brain cell death are currently lacking. Intracellular calcium dysregulation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction through the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) are drivers of HI cellular injury. GNX-4728, a small molecule direct inhibitor of the mPTP that increases mitochondrial calcium retention capacity, is highly effective in adult neurodegenerative disease models and could have potential as a therapy in neonatal HI. A dose of GNX-4728, equivalent to that used in animal models, 300 mg/kg, IP was highly toxic in p10 mice. We then tested the hypothesis that acute administration of 30 mg/kg, IP of GNX-4728 immediately after HI in a neonatal mouse model would provide neuroprotection. This non-lethal lower dose of GNX-4728 (30 mg/kg, IP) improved the respiratory control ratio of neonatal female HI brain tissue but not in males. Brain injury, assessed histologically with a novel metric approach at 1 and 30 days after HI, was not mitigated by GNX-4728. Our work demonstrates that a small molecule inhibitor of the mPTP has i) an age related toxicity, ii) a sex-related brain mitoprotective profile after HI but iii) this is not sufficient to attenuate forebrain HI neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Raul Chavez-Valdez
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Debbie L Flock
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Oliver Avaritt
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manda Saraswati
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Courtney Robertson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lee J Martin
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Swim Training Modulates Mouse Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism and Ameliorates Reduction in Grip Strength in a Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020233. [PMID: 30634386 PMCID: PMC6359093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in skeletal muscles in the human and animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may be an important factor in the diseases progression. We hypothesized that swim training, a modulator of cellular metabolism via changes in muscle bioenergetics and oxidative stress, ameliorates the reduction in muscle strength in ALS mice. In this study, we used transgenic male mice with the G93A human SOD1 mutation B6SJL-Tg (SOD1G93A) 1Gur/J and wild type B6SJL (WT) mice. Mice were subjected to a grip strength test and isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria were used to perform high-resolution respirometry. Moreover, the activities of enzymes involved in the oxidative energy metabolism and total sulfhydryl groups (as an oxidative stress marker) were evaluated in skeletal muscle. ALS reduces muscle strength (-70% between 11 and 15 weeks, p < 0.05), modulates muscle metabolism through lowering citrate synthase (CS) (-30% vs. WT, p = 0.0007) and increasing cytochrome c oxidase and malate dehydrogenase activities, and elevates oxidative stress markers in skeletal muscle. Swim training slows the reduction in muscle strength (-5% between 11 and 15 weeks) and increases CS activity (+26% vs. ALS I, p = 0.0048). Our findings indicate that swim training is a modulator of skeletal muscle energy metabolism with concomitant improvement of skeletal muscle function in ALS mice.
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17
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Babenko VN, Smagin DA, Galyamina AG, Kovalenko IL, Kudryavtseva NN. Altered Slc25 family gene expression as markers of mitochondrial dysfunction in brain regions under experimental mixed anxiety/depression-like disorder. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:79. [PMID: 30537945 PMCID: PMC6288882 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of anxiety- and depression-like states under chronic social defeat stress in mice has been shown by many experimental studies. In this article, the differentially expressed Slc25* family genes encoding mitochondrial carrier proteins were analyzed in the brain of depressive (defeated) mice versus aggressive mice winning in everyday social confrontations. The collected samples of brain regions were sequenced at JSC Genoanalytica ( http://genoanalytica.ru/ , Moscow, Russia). RESULTS Changes in the expression of the 20 Slc25* genes in the male mice were brain region- and social experience (positive or negative)-specific. In particular, most Slc25* genes were up-regulated in the hypothalamus of defeated and aggressive mice and in the hippocampus of defeated mice. In the striatum of defeated mice and in the ventral tegmental area of aggressive mice expression of mitochondrial transporter genes changed specifically. Significant correlations between expression of most Slc25* genes and mitochondrial Mrps and Mrpl genes were found in the brain regions. CONCLUSION Altered expression of the Slc25* genes may serve as a marker of mitochondrial dysfunction in brain, which accompanies the development of many neurological and psychoemotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Babenko
- Laboratory of Neuropathology Modeling, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia. .,Neurogenetics of Social Behavior Sector, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia. .,Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Dmitry A Smagin
- Laboratory of Neuropathology Modeling, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Neurogenetics of Social Behavior Sector, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna G Galyamina
- Laboratory of Neuropathology Modeling, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Neurogenetics of Social Behavior Sector, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Irina L Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Neuropathology Modeling, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Neurogenetics of Social Behavior Sector, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia N Kudryavtseva
- Laboratory of Neuropathology Modeling, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia. .,Neurogenetics of Social Behavior Sector, The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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18
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Delic V, Kurien C, Cruz J, Zivkovic S, Barretta J, Thomson A, Hennessey D, Joseph J, Ehrhart J, Willing AE, Bradshaw P, Garbuzova-Davis S. Discrete mitochondrial aberrations in the spinal cord of sporadic ALS patients. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1353-1366. [PMID: 29732581 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration in the brain and spinal cord leading to muscle atrophy, paralysis, and death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributor to motor neuron degeneration associated with ALS progression. Mitochondrial abnormalities have been determined in spinal cords of animal disease models and ALS patients. However, molecular mechanisms leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in sporadic ALS (sALS) patients remain unclear. Also, segmental or regional variation in mitochondrial activity in the spinal cord has not been extensively examined in ALS. In our study, the activity of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV was examined in post-mortem gray and white matter of the cervical and lumbar spinal cords from male and female sALS patients and controls. Mitochondrial distribution and density in spinal cord motor neurons, lateral funiculus, and capillaries in gray and white matter were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that complex IV activity was significantly decreased only in gray matter in both cervical and lumbar spinal cords from ALS patients. In ALS cervical and lumbar spinal cords, significantly increased mitochondrial density and altered distribution were observed in motor neurons, lateral funiculus, and cervical white matter capillaries. Discrete decreased complex IV activity in addition to changes in mitochondria distribution and density determined in the spinal cord in sALS patients are novel findings. These explicit mitochondrial defects in the spinal cord may contribute to ALS pathogenesis and should be considered in development of therapeutic approaches for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedad Delic
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Crupa Kurien
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Josean Cruz
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Sandra Zivkovic
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer Barretta
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Avery Thomson
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Hennessey
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jaheem Joseph
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jared Ehrhart
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Alison E Willing
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Patrick Bradshaw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Morsani College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
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19
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Swim Training Modulates Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Cholesterol Content in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5940748. [PMID: 29849903 PMCID: PMC5924974 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5940748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, in terms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), much attention has been paid to the cell structures formed by the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) that are involved in the regulation of Ca2+ signaling, mitochondrial bioenergetics, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. We assumed that remodeling of these structures via swim training may accompany the prolongation of the ALS lifespan. In the present study, we used transgenic mice with the G93A hmSOD1 gene mutation. We examined muscle energy metabolism, oxidative stress parameters, and markers of MAMs (Caveolin-1 protein level and cholesterol content in crude mitochondrial fraction) in groups of mice divided according to disease progression and training status. The progression of ALS was related to the lowering of Caveolin-1 protein levels and the accumulation of cholesterol in a crude mitochondrial fraction. These changes were associated with aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism dysfunction and higher oxidative stress. Our data indicated that swim training prolonged the lifespan of ALS mice with accompanying changes in MAM components. Swim training also maintained mitochondrial function and lowered oxidative stress. These data suggest that modification of MAMs might play a crucial role in the exercise-induced deceleration of ALS development.
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Chiha W, LeVaillant CJ, Bartlett CA, Hewitt AW, Melton PE, Fitzgerald M, Harvey AR. Retinal genes are differentially expressed in areas of primary versus secondary degeneration following partial optic nerve injury. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192348. [PMID: 29425209 PMCID: PMC5806857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Partial transection (PT) of the optic nerve is an established experimental model of secondary degeneration in the central nervous system. After a dorsal transection, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) with axons in ventral optic nerve are intact but vulnerable to secondary degeneration, whereas RGCs in dorsal retina with dorsal axons are affected by primary and secondary injuries. Using microarray, we quantified gene expression changes in dorsal and ventral retina at 1 and 7 days post PT, to characterize pathogenic pathways linked to primary and secondary degeneration. RESULTS In comparison to uninjured retina Cryba1, Cryba2 and Crygs, were significantly downregulated in injured dorsal retina at days 1 and 7. While Ecel1, Timp1, Mt2A and CD74, which are associated with reducing excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation, were significantly upregulated. Genes associated with oxygen binding pathways, immune responses, cytokine receptor activity and apoptosis were enriched in dorsal retina at day 1 after PT. Oxygen binding and apoptosis remained enriched at day 7, as were pathways involved in extracellular matrix modification. Fewer changes were observed in ventral retina at day 1 after PT, most associated with the regulation of protein homodimerization activity. By day 7, apoptosis, matrix organization and signal transduction pathways were enriched. Discriminant analysis was also performed for specific functional gene groups to compare expression intensities at each time point. Altered expression of selected genes (ATF3, GFAP, Ecel1, TIMP1, Tp53) and proteins (GFAP, ECEL1 and ATF3) were semi-quantitatively assessed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. CONCLUSION There was an acute and complex primary injury response in dorsal retina indicative of a dynamic interaction between neuroprotective and neurodegenerative events; ventral retina vulnerable to secondary degeneration showed a delayed injury response. Both primary and secondary injury resulted in the upregulation of numerous genes linked to RGC death, but differences in the nature of these changes strongly suggest that death occurred via different molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam Chiha
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Chrisna J. LeVaillant
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Carole A. Bartlett
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Alex W. Hewitt
- Lions Eye Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Phillip E. Melton
- Curtin/UWA Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, School of Biomedical Science, The University of Western Australia and Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Melinda Fitzgerald
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Alan R. Harvey
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- * E-mail:
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21
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Yuan Y, Zhang A, Qi J, Wang H, Liu X, Zhao M, Duan S, Huang Z, Zhang C, Wu L, Zhang B, Zhang A, Xing C. p53/Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission mediates aldosterone-induced podocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F798-F808. [PMID: 28659272 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00055.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an important factor in glomerular diseases. Previous study has shown that mitochondrial fission contributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the mechanism of mitochondrial fission on mitochondrial dysfunction in aldosterone-induced podocyte injury remains ambiguous. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenic effect of mitochondrial fission both in vivo and in vitro. In an animal model of aldosterone-induced nephropathy, inhibition of the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) suppressed aldosterone-induced podocyte injury. In cultured podocytes, aldosterone dose dependently induced Drp1 expression. Knockdown of Drp1 inhibited aldosterone-induced mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial dysfunction, and podocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, aldosterone dose dependently induced p53 expression. Knockdown of p53 inhibited aldosterone-induced Drp1 expression, mitochondrial dysfunction, and podocyte apoptosis. These findings implicated that aldosterone induced mitochondrial dysfunction and podocyte injury mediated by p53/Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission, which may provide opportunities for therapeutic intervention for podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Aiqing Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Suyan Duan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Chengning Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Changying Xing
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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22
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Akhter F, Chen D, Yan SF, Yan SS. Mitochondrial Perturbation in Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 146:341-361. [PMID: 28253990 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are well-known cellular organelles that play a vital role in cellular bioenergetics, heme biosynthesis, thermogenesis, calcium homeostasis, lipid catabolism, and other metabolic activities. Given the extensive role of mitochondria in cell function, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a part in many diseases, including diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In most cases, there is overwhelming evidence that impaired mitochondrial function is a causative factor in these diseases. Studying mitochondrial function in diseased cells vs healthy cells may reveal the modified mechanisms and molecular components involved in specific disease states. In this chapter, we provide a concise overview of the major recent findings on mitochondrial abnormalities and their link to synaptic dysfunction relevant to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in AD and diabetes. Our increased understanding of the role of mitochondrial perturbation indicates that the development of specific small molecules targeting aberrant mitochondrial function could provide therapeutic benefits for the brain in combating aging-related dementia and neurodegenerative diseases by powering up brain energy and improving synaptic function and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Akhter
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - D Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - S F Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - S S Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States.
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23
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Kim T, Yang HY, Park BG, Jung SY, Park JH, Park KD, Min SJ, Tae J, Yang H, Cho S, Cho SJ, Song H, Mook-Jung I, Lee J, Pae AN. Discovery of benzimidazole derivatives as modulators of mitochondrial function: A potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:1172-1192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Hsueh KW, Chiou TW, Chiang SF, Yamashita T, Abe K, Borlongan CV, Sanberg PR, Huang A(YH, Lin SZ, Harn HJ. Autophagic down-regulation in motor neurons remarkably prolongs the survival of ALS mice. Neuropharmacology 2016; 108:152-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Denzer I, Münch G, Friedland K. Modulation of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases via activation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 by food-derived compounds. Pharmacol Res 2016; 103:80-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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26
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Prakash C, Soni M, Kumar V. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction in arsenic neurotoxicity: A review. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 36:179-88. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry; Maharshi Dayanand University; Rohtak 124001 Haryana India
| | - Manisha Soni
- Department of Biochemistry; Maharshi Dayanand University; Rohtak 124001 Haryana India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry; Maharshi Dayanand University; Rohtak 124001 Haryana India
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27
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Repalli J. Translocator protein (TSPO) role in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Curr Aging Sci 2015; 7:168-75. [PMID: 25495567 PMCID: PMC4435228 DOI: 10.2174/1874609808666141210103146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cellular damage and deregulated apoptotic cell death lead to functional impairment, and a main
consequence of these events is aging. Cellular damage is initiated by different stress/risk factors such as
oxidative stress, inflammation, and heavy metals. These stress/risk factors affect the cellular homeostasis
by altering methylation status of several aging and Alzheimer’s disease associated genes; these effects can
be manifested immediately after exposure to stress and at later stages of life. However, when cellular damage
exceeds certain threshold levels apoptosis is initiated. This review discusses the stress factors involved
in cellular damage and the role and potential of TSPO-mediated cell death in aging as well as in Alzheimer’s disease,
which is also characterized by extensive cell death. Mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic death through the release of cytochrome
c is regulated by TSPO, and increased expression of this protein is observed in both elderly people and in patients
with Alzheimer’s disease. TSPO forms and mediates opening of the mitochondrial membrane pore, mPTP and oxidizes
cardiolipin, and these events lead to the leakage of apoptotic death mediators, such as cytochrome c, resulting in cell
death. However, TSPO has many proposed functions and can also increase steroid synthesis, which leads to inhibition of
inflammation and inhibition of the release of apoptotic factors, thereby decreasing cell damage and promoting cell survival.
Thus, TSPO mediates apoptosis and decreases the cell damage, which in turn dictates the process of aging as well
as the functionality of organs such as the brain. TSPO modulation with ligands in the Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
showed improvement in behavioral symptoms, and studies in Drosophila species showed increased cell survival and prolonged
lifespan in flies after TSPO inhibition. These data suggest that since effects/signs of stress can manifest at any
time, prevention through change in lifestyle and TSPO modulation could be potential strategies for altering both the aging
process and the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanthi Repalli
- NYU Langone Medical Center,180 Varick Street, Room 802, New York, NY, 10014, USA.
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28
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Liu X, Xu S, Wang P, Wang W. Transient mitochondrial permeability transition mediates excitotoxicity in glutamate-sensitive NSC34D motor neuron-like cells. Exp Neurol 2015; 271:122-30. [PMID: 26024861 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Excitotoxicity plays a critical role in neurodegenerative disease. Cytosolic calcium overload and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the major mediators of high level glutamate-induced neuron death. Here, we show that the transient opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (tMPT) bridges cytosolic calcium signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction and mediates glutamate-induced neuron death. Incubation of the differentiated motor neuron-like NSC34D cells with glutamate (1mM) acutely induces cytosolic calcium transient (30% increase). Glutamate also stimulates tMPT opening, as reflected by a 2-fold increase in the frequency of superoxide flash, a bursting superoxide production event in individual mitochondria coupled to tMPT opening. The glutamate-induced tMPT opening is attenuated by suppressing cytosolic calcium influx and abolished by inhibiting mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) with Ru360 (100 μM) or MCU shRNA. Further, increased cytosolic calcium is sufficient to induce tMPT in a mitochondrial calcium dependent manner. Finally, chronic glutamate incubation (24h) persistently elevates the probability of tMPT opening, promotes oxidative stress and induces neuron death. Attenuating tMPT activity or inhibiting MCU protects NSC34D cells from glutamate-induced cell death. These results indicate that high level glutamate-induced neuron toxicity is mediated by tMPT, which connects increased cytosolic calcium signal to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Liu
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Wang Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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29
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Neuroprotective effects of 5-(4-hydroxy-3-dimethoxybenzylidene)-thiazolidinone in MPTP induced Parkinsonism model in mice. Neuropharmacology 2015; 93:209-18. [PMID: 25680233 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DAergic) system. Present treatment targeting to DAergic system solely ameliorated the symptoms but failed to retard the DAergic neuron degeneration, therefore new therapeutic methods aiming at preventing or delaying the neurodegenerative process are urgently needed. In the present study, we found that 5-(4-hydroxy-3-dimethoxybenzylidene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone (RD-1), a compound derived from rhodanine, protected DAergicneurons from neurotoxicity of MPTP/MPP(+). Firstly, RD-1 significantly improved the locomotor ability in the MPTP mice model, and elevated the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cell numbers in substantianigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the integrated optical density (IOD) of TH-positive nerve fibers in striatum respectively. Since mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in pathogenesis of PD, thereby we investigated the molecular mechanisms of RD-1 against MPTP/MPP(+) neurotoxicity, focusing on its effects on the mitochondrial dysfunction. Immunoblotting analysis showed that RD-1 significantly elevated the Parkin and Miro2 expression levels in acute MPTP treated mice, and improved mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP synthesis in MPP(+)-treated Neuro-2a cells. Moreover, RD-1attenuated impaired mitochondrial transport and vesicle release dysfunction evoked by MPP(+) cytotoxicity in cultured primary mesencephalic neurons. Taken together, these results indicate that improving the mitochondrial dysfunction may be a good choice to delay the neurodegenerative progression commonly associated with PD.
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30
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Li L, Yu Q, Liang W. Molecular pathways of mitochondrial dysfunctions: Possible cause of cell death in anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity. Brain Res Bull 2015; 110:14-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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31
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Martin LJ, Fancelli D, Wong M, Niedzwiecki M, Ballarini M, Plyte S, Chang Q. GNX-4728, a novel small molecule drug inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition, is therapeutic in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:433. [PMID: 25565966 PMCID: PMC4271619 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurological disorder in humans characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle and motor neurons in spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebral cortex causing skeletal muscle paralysis, respiratory insufficiency, and death. There are no cures or effective treatments for ALS. ALS can be inherited, but most cases are not associated with a family history of the disease. Mitochondria have been implicated in the pathogenesis but definitive proof of causal mechanisms is lacking. Identification of new clinically translatable disease mechanism-based molecular targets and small molecule drug candidates are needed for ALS patients. We tested the hypothesis in an animal model that drug modulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is therapeutic in ALS. A prospective randomized placebo-controlled drug trial was done in a transgenic (tg) mouse model of ALS. We explored GNX-4728 as a therapeutic drug. GNX-4728 inhibits mPTP opening as evidenced by increased mitochondrial calcium retention capacity (CRC) both in vitro and in vivo. Chronic systemic treatment of G37R-human mutant superoxide dismutase-1 (hSOD1) tg mice with GNX-4728 resulted in major therapeutic benefits. GNX-4728 slowed disease progression and significantly improved motor function. The survival of ALS mice was increased significantly by GNX-4728 treatment as evidence by a nearly 2-fold extension of lifespan (360 days-750 days). GNX-4728 protected against motor neuron degeneration and mitochondrial degeneration, attenuated spinal cord inflammation, and preserved neuromuscular junction (NMJ) innervation in the diaphragm in ALS mice. This work demonstrates that a mPTP-acting drug has major disease-modifying efficacy in a preclinical mouse model of ALS and establishes mitochondrial calcium retention, and indirectly the mPTP, as targets for ALS drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J. Martin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Margaret Wong
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Niedzwiecki
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Qing Chang
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
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32
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Guo C, Sun L, Chen X, Zhang D. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:2003-14. [PMID: 25206509 PMCID: PMC4145906 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.21.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Oxidative stress is characterized by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which can induce mitochondrial DNA mutations, damage the mitochondrial respiratory chain, alter membrane permeability, and influence Ca2+ homeostasis and mitochondrial defense systems. All these changes are implicated in the development of these neurodegenerative diseases, mediating or amplifying neuronal dysfunction and triggering neurodegeneration. This paper summarizes the contribution of oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage to the onset of neurodegenerative eases and discusses strategies to modify mitochondrial dysfunction that may be attractive therapeutic interventions for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li Sun
- Life Science Research Center, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Danshen Zhang
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, Hebei Province, China
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33
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Ji CF, Ji YB. Apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells induced by podophyllotoxin. Exp Ther Med 2014; 7:1317-1322. [PMID: 24940431 PMCID: PMC3991486 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that podophyllotoxin and its derivatives exhibit antitumor effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate SGC-7901 cell apoptosis and the underlying mechanism induced by podophyllotoxin. SGC-7901 cells were treated with varying concentrations of podophyllotoxin. MTT assays and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effects of podophyllotoxin on the proliferation and apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells, while fluorescence inverted microscopy was used to observe the morphology of SGC-7901 cells that had been dyed with Hoechst 33258. In addition, laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to analyze the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of SGC-7901 cells dyed with Rhodamine 123. Western blotting was performed to analyze the expression levels of cytochrome c (cyt-c), caspase-9 and caspase-3 in the SGC-7901 cells. The results indicated that podophyllotoxin was capable of inhibiting growth and inducing the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells in a dose-dependent manner, causing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. After 48 h of treatment, the apoptotic morphology of SGC-7901 cells was clear, exhibiting cell protuberance, concentrated cytoplasms and apoptotic bodies. Following 24 h of treatment, the MMP of the SGC-7901 cells decreased. In addition, after 48 h, the expression of cyt-c was shown to be upregulated, while the expression levels of pro-caspase-9 and pro-caspase-3 in the SGC-7901 cells were shown to be downregulated. In conclusion, apoptosis can be induced in SGC-7901 cells by podophyllotoxin, potentially via a mitochondrial pathway, indicating that podophyllotoxin may be a potent agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Feng Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Anticancer Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, P.R. China ; Center of Research on Life Science and Environmental Science, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Bin Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Anticancer Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, P.R. China ; Center of Research on Life Science and Environmental Science, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, P.R. China
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34
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Fancelli D, Abate A, Amici R, Bernardi P, Ballarini M, Cappa A, Carenzi G, Colombo A, Contursi C, Di Lisa F, Dondio G, Gagliardi S, Milanesi E, Minucci S, Pain G, Pelicci PG, Saccani A, Storto M, Thaler F, Varasi M, Villa M, Plyte S. Cinnamic Anilides as New Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Inhibitors Endowed with Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Protective Effect in Vivo. J Med Chem 2014; 57:5333-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500547c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Fancelli
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Agnese Abate
- Genextra Group, DAC s.r.l., ,
Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Amici
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Ballarini
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department
of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IEO, Via
Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Cappa
- Genextra Group, DAC s.r.l., ,
Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Carenzi
- Genextra Group, DAC s.r.l., ,
Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Colombo
- NiKem Research s.r.l., Via
Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, MI, Italy
| | - Cristina Contursi
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Giulio Dondio
- NiKem Research s.r.l., Via
Zambeletti 25, 20021 Baranzate, MI, Italy
| | | | - Eva Milanesi
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department
of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IEO, Via
Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department
of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Gilles Pain
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department
of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IEO, Via
Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Storto
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department
of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IEO, Via
Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Florian Thaler
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Varasi
- Genextra Group, DAC s.r.l., ,
Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Villa
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Simon Plyte
- Genextra Group, Congenia s.r.l., Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
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35
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Tadic V, Prell T, Lautenschlaeger J, Grosskreutz J. The ER mitochondria calcium cycle and ER stress response as therapeutic targets in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:147. [PMID: 24910594 PMCID: PMC4039088 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons. Although the etiology remains unclear, disturbances in calcium homoeostasis and protein folding are essential features of neurodegeneration in this disorder. Here, we review recent research findings on the interaction between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, and its effect on calcium signaling and oxidative stress. We further provide insights into studies, providing evidence that structures of the ER mitochondria calcium cycle serve as a promising targets for therapeutic approaches for treatment of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Tadic
- Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University HospitalJena, Germany
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36
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Abstract
The field of mitochondrial ion channels has recently seen substantial progress, including the molecular identification of some of the channels. An integrative approach using genetics, electrophysiology, pharmacology, and cell biology to clarify the roles of these channels has thus become possible. It is by now clear that many of these channels are important for energy supply by the mitochondria and have a major impact on the fate of the entire cell as well. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the electrophysiological properties, molecular identity, and pathophysiological functions of the mitochondrial ion channels studied so far and to highlight possible therapeutic perspectives based on current information.
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37
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Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage cooperatively fuel axonal degeneration in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Biochimie 2013; 98:143-9. [PMID: 24076127 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the most frequent inherited monogenic demyelinating disease (minimal incidence 1:17,000). It is often lethal and currently lacks a satisfactory therapy. The disease is caused by loss of function of the ABCD1 gene, a peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter, resulting in the accumulation of VLCFA (very long-chain fatty acids) in organs and plasma. Understanding of the aetiopathogenesis is a prerequisite for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Functional genomics analysis of an ABCD1 null mouse, a mouse model for adrenomyeloneuropathy, has revealed presymptomatic alterations in several metabolic pathways converging on redox and bioenergetic homeostasis, with failure of mitochondrial OXPHOS disruption and mitochondrial depletion. These defects could be major contributors to the neurodegenerative cascade, as has been reported in several neurodegenerative disorders. Drugs targeting the redox imbalance/mitochondria dysfunction interplay have shown efficacy at halting axonal degeneration and associated disability in the mouse, and thus offer therapeutic hope.
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38
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Prell T, Lautenschläger J, Grosskreutz J. Calcium-dependent protein folding in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cell Calcium 2013; 54:132-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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López-Erauskin J, Galino J, Bianchi P, Fourcade S, Andreu AL, Ferrer I, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Pujol A. Oxidative stress modulates mitochondrial failure and cyclophilin D function in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Brain 2012; 135:3584-98. [PMID: 23250880 PMCID: PMC3525057 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aws292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A common process associated with oxidative stress and severe mitochondrial impairment is the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, as described in many neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening represents a potential target for inhibiting mitochondrial-driven cell death. Among the mitochondrial permeability transition pore components, cyclophilin D is the most studied and has been found increased under pathological conditions. Here, we have used in vitro and in vivo models of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy to investigate the relationship between the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and redox homeostasis. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a neurodegenerative condition caused by loss of function of the peroxisomal ABCD1 transporter, in which oxidative stress plays a pivotal role. In this study, we provide evidence of impaired mitochondrial metabolism in a peroxisomal disease, as fibroblasts in patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy cannot survive when forced to rely on mitochondrial energy production, i.e. on incubation in galactose. Oxidative stress induced under galactose conditions leads to mitochondrial damage in the form of mitochondrial inner membrane potential dissipation, ATP drop and necrotic cell death, together with increased levels of oxidative modifications in cyclophilin D protein. Moreover, we show increased expression levels of cyclophilin D in the affected zones of brains in patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy, in spinal cord of a mouse model of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (Abcd1-null mice) and in fibroblasts from patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Notably, treatment with antioxidants rescues mitochondrial damage markers in fibroblasts from patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, including cyclophilin D oxidative modifications, and reverses cyclophilin D induction in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the beneficial effects of antioxidants in neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative cyclophilin D-dependent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone López-Erauskin
- 1 Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory and Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- 2 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U759, Spain
| | - Jorge Galino
- 1 Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory and Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- 2 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U759, Spain
| | - Patrizia Bianchi
- 1 Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory and Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- 2 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U759, Spain
| | - Stéphane Fourcade
- 1 Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory and Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- 2 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U759, Spain
| | - Antoni L. Andreu
- 3 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U701, Spain
- 4 Unitat de Patologia Mitocondrial, Centre d'Investigacions en Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- 5 Institute of Neuropathology, Pathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08908 L’ Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- 6 Centre for Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- 7 Cell Death Regulation Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’ Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Aurora Pujol
- 1 Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory and Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- 2 Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII U759, Spain
- 8 Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23,08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Ji YB, Ji CF, Zhang H. Laminarin induces apoptosis of human colon cancer LOVO cells through a mitochondrial pathway. Molecules 2012; 17:9947-60. [PMID: 22907156 PMCID: PMC6268208 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17089947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many scientific studies have shown that laminarin has anti-tumor effects, but the anti-tumor mechanism was unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of laminarin on the induction of apoptosis in human colon cancer LOVO cells and the molecular mechanism involved. LOVO cells were treated with different concentrations of laminarin at different times. Morphology observations were performed to determine the effects of laminarin on apoptosis of LOVO cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pH. Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was used to analyze intracellular calcium ion concentration, mitochondrion permeability transition pore (MPTP) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Western blotd were performed to analyze the expressions of Cyt-C, Caspase-9 and -3. The results showed the apoptosis morphology, which showed cell protuberance, concentrated cytoplasm and apoptotic bodies, was obvious after 72 h treatment. Laminarin treatment for 24 h increased the intracellular level of ROS and Ca2+; decreased pH value; activated intracellular MPTP and decreased MMP in dose-dependent manners. It also induced the release of Cyt-C and the activation of Caspase-9 and -3. In conclusion, laminarin induces LOVO cell apoptosis through a mitochondrial pathway, suggesting that it could be a potent agent for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bin Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Anticancer Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mail:
| | - Chen Feng Ji
- Center of Research on Life Science and Environmental Science, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-451-8484-4242; Fax: +86-451-8484-4417
| | - He Zhang
- Center of Research on Life Science and Environmental Science, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; E-Mail:
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the third most common human adult-onset neurodegenerative disease. Some forms of ALS are inherited, and disease-causing genes have been identified. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in ALS are unresolved. Genetic, biochemical, and morphological analyses of human ALS as well as cell and animal models of ALS reveal that mitochondria could have roles in this neurodegeneration. The varied functions and properties of mitochondria might render subsets of selectively vulnerable neurons intrinsically susceptible to cellular aging and stress and overlying genetic variations. Changes occur in mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes and mitochondrial programmed cell death proteins in ALS. Transgenic mouse models of ALS reveal possible principles governing the biology of neurodegeneration that implicate mitochondria and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. This paper reviews how mitochondrial pathobiology might contribute to the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J Martin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, and the Pathobiology Graduate Program, Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205-2196, USA.
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Dube H, Selwood D, Malouitre S, Capano M, Simone M, Crompton M. A mitochondrial-targeted cyclosporin A with high binding affinity for cyclophilin D yields improved cytoprotection of cardiomyocytes. Biochem J 2012; 441:901-7. [PMID: 22035570 PMCID: PMC3260541 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial CyP-D (cyclophilin-D) catalyses formation of the PT (permeability transition) pore, a key lesion in the pathogenesis of I/R (ischaemia/reperfusion) injury. There is evidence [Malouitre, Dube, Selwood and Crompton (2010) Biochem. J. 425, 137-148] that cytoprotection by the CyP inhibitor CsA (cyclosporin A) is improved by selective targeting to mitochondria. To investigate this further, we have developed an improved mtCsA (mitochondrial-targeted CsA) by modifying the spacer linking the CsA to the TPP+ (triphenylphosphonium) (mitochondrial-targeting) cation. The new mtCsA exhibits an 18-fold increase in binding affinity for CyP-D over the prototype and a 12-fold increase in potency of inhibition of the PT in isolated mitochondria, owing to a marked decrease in non-specific binding. The cytoprotective capacity was assessed in isolated rat cardiomyocytes subjected to transient glucose and oxygen deprivation (pseudo-I/R). The new mtCsA was maximally effective at lower concentrations than CsA (3-15 nM compared with 50-100 nM) and yielded improved cytoprotection for up to 3 h following the pseudo-ischaemic insult (near complete compared with 40%). These data indicate the potential value of selective CyP-D inhibition in cytoprotection.
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Key Words
- cyclophilin d (cyp-d)
- cyclosporin
- ischaemia
- mitochondrial targeting
- reperfusion injury (ri)
- triphenylphosphonium (tpp+)
- csa, cyclosporin a
- cyp, cyclophilin
- dcm, dichloromethane
- dmf, dimethylformamide
- esi, electrospray ionization
- fmoc, fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl
- hatu, 2-(7-aza-1h-benzotriazole-1-yl-1)-1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
- i/r, ischaemia/reperfusion
- lc, liquid chromatography
- mtcsa, mitochondrial-targeted csa
- ppiase, peptidylprolyl cis–trans-isomerase
- pt, permeability transition
- pybop, benzotriazol-1-yl-tris-pyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate
- ri, reperfusion injury
- smbz-csa, [sarcosine-3(4-methylbenzoate)]-csa
- thf, tetrahydrofuran
- tof, time-of-flight
- tpp+, triphenylphosphonium
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Dube
- *Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - David Selwood
- *Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Sylvanie Malouitre
- †Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Michela Capano
- †Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Michela I. Simone
- *Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Martin Crompton
- †Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
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Biology of mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2012; 107:355-415. [PMID: 22482456 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385883-2.00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are the most common human adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases. They are characterized by prominent age-related neurodegeneration in selectively vulnerable neural systems. Some forms of AD, PD, and ALS are inherited, and genes causing these diseases have been identified. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of the neuronal degeneration in these familial diseases, and in the more common idiopathic (sporadic) diseases, are unresolved. Genetic, biochemical, and morphological analyses of human AD, PD, and ALS, as well as their cell and animal models, reveal that mitochondria could have roles in this neurodegeneration. The varied functions and properties of mitochondria might render subsets of selectively vulnerable neurons intrinsically susceptible to cellular aging and stress and the overlying genetic variations. In AD, alterations in enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial binding of Aβ and amyloid precursor protein have been reported. In PD, mutations in mitochondrial proteins have been identified and mitochondrial DNA mutations have been found in neurons in the substantia nigra. In ALS, changes occur in mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes and mitochondrial programmed cell death proteins. Transgenic mouse models of human neurodegenerative disease are beginning to reveal possible principles governing the biology of selective neuronal vulnerability that implicate mitochondria and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. This chapter reviews several aspects of mitochondrial biology and how mitochondrial pathobiology might contribute to the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in AD, PD, and ALS.
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44
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Favreau DJ, Meessen-Pinard M, Desforges M, Talbot PJ. Human coronavirus-induced neuronal programmed cell death is cyclophilin d dependent and potentially caspase dispensable. J Virol 2012; 86:81-93. [PMID: 22013052 PMCID: PMC3255912 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06062-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are recognized respiratory pathogens. Some HCoV strains, including HCoV-OC43, can invade the central nervous system, where they infect neurons, with unclear consequences. We have previously reported that HCoV-OC43 infection of human neurons activates the unfolded-protein response and caspase-3 and induces cell death and that the viral spike (S) glycoprotein is involved in the process. We now report on underlying mechanisms associated with the induction of programmed cell death (PCD) after infection by the reference HCoV-OC43 virus (rOC/ATCC) and a more neurovirulent and cytotoxic HCoV-OC43 variant harboring two point mutations in the S glycoprotein (rOC/U(S183-241)). Even though caspase-3 and caspase-9 were both activated after infection, the use of caspase inhibitors neither reduced nor delayed virus-induced PCD, suggesting that these proteases are not essential in the process. On the other hand, the proapoptotic proteins BAX, cytochrome c (CytC), and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were relocalized toward the mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus, respectively, after infection by both virus variants. Moreover, LA-N-5 neuronal cells treated with cyclosporine (CsA), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeabilization transition pore (mPTP), or knocked down for cyclophilin D (CypD) were completely protected from rOC/ATCC-induced neuronal PCD, underlining the involvement of CypD in the process. On the other hand, CsA and CypD knockdown had moderate effects on rOC/U(S183-241)-induced PCD. In conclusion, our results are consistent with mitochondrial AIF and cyclophilin D being central in HCoV-OC43-induced PCD, while caspases appear not to be essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique J Favreau
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunovirology, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada
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45
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Human coronavirus-induced neuronal programmed cell death is cyclophilin d dependent and potentially caspase dispensable. J Virol 2011. [PMID: 22013052 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06062‐11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are recognized respiratory pathogens. Some HCoV strains, including HCoV-OC43, can invade the central nervous system, where they infect neurons, with unclear consequences. We have previously reported that HCoV-OC43 infection of human neurons activates the unfolded-protein response and caspase-3 and induces cell death and that the viral spike (S) glycoprotein is involved in the process. We now report on underlying mechanisms associated with the induction of programmed cell death (PCD) after infection by the reference HCoV-OC43 virus (rOC/ATCC) and a more neurovirulent and cytotoxic HCoV-OC43 variant harboring two point mutations in the S glycoprotein (rOC/U(S183-241)). Even though caspase-3 and caspase-9 were both activated after infection, the use of caspase inhibitors neither reduced nor delayed virus-induced PCD, suggesting that these proteases are not essential in the process. On the other hand, the proapoptotic proteins BAX, cytochrome c (CytC), and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were relocalized toward the mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus, respectively, after infection by both virus variants. Moreover, LA-N-5 neuronal cells treated with cyclosporine (CsA), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeabilization transition pore (mPTP), or knocked down for cyclophilin D (CypD) were completely protected from rOC/ATCC-induced neuronal PCD, underlining the involvement of CypD in the process. On the other hand, CsA and CypD knockdown had moderate effects on rOC/U(S183-241)-induced PCD. In conclusion, our results are consistent with mitochondrial AIF and cyclophilin D being central in HCoV-OC43-induced PCD, while caspases appear not to be essential.
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46
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Northington FJ, Chavez-Valdez R, Martin LJ. Neuronal cell death in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. Ann Neurol 2011; 69:743-58. [PMID: 21520238 DOI: 10.1002/ana.22419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in infants and young children. Therapeutic opportunities are very limited for neonatal and pediatric HIE. Specific neural systems and populations of cells are selectively vulnerable in HIE; however, the mechanisms of degeneration are unresolved. These mechanisms involve oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, inflammation, and the activation of several different cell death pathways. Decades ago the structural and mechanistic basis of the cellular degeneration in HIE was thought to be necrosis. Subsequently, largely due to advances in cell biology and to experimental animal studies, emphasis has been switched to apoptosis or autophagy mediated by programmed cell death (PCD) mechanisms as important forms of degeneration in HIE. We have conceptualized based on morphological and biochemical data that this degeneration is better classified according to an apoptosis-necrosis cell death continuum and that programmed cell necrosis has prominent contribution in the neurodegeneration of HIE in animal models. It is likely that neonatal HIE evolves through many cell death chreodes influenced by the dynamic injury landscape. The relevant injury mechanisms remain to be determined in human neonatal HIE, though preliminary work suggests a complexity in the cell death mechanisms greater than that anticipated from experimental animal models. The accurate identification of the various cell death chreodes and their mechanisms unfolding within the immature brain matrix could provide fresh insight for developing meaningful therapies for neonatal and pediatric HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances J Northington
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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Reddy PH, Reddy TP. Mitochondria as a therapeutic target for aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Alzheimer Res 2011; 8:393-409. [PMID: 21470101 PMCID: PMC3295247 DOI: 10.2174/156720511795745401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles responsible for life and death. Extensive evidence from animal models, postmortem brain studies of and clinical studies of aging and neurodegenerative diseases suggests that mitochondrial function is defective in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Several lines of research suggest that mitochondrial abnormalities, including defects in oxidative phosphorylation, increased accumulation of mitochondrial DNA defects, impaired calcium influx, accumulation of mutant proteins in mitochondria, and mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation are important cellular changes in both early and late-onset neurodegenerative diseases. Further, emerging evidence suggests that structural changes in mitochondria, including increased mitochondrial fragmentation and decreased mitochondrial fusion, are critical factors associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This paper discusses research that elucidates features of mitochondria that are associated with cellular dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative diseases and discusses mitochondrial structural and functional changes, and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in neurodegenerative diseases. It also outlines mitochondria-targeted therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Reddy
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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48
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Rasola A, Bernardi P. Mitochondrial permeability transition in Ca(2+)-dependent apoptosis and necrosis. Cell Calcium 2011; 50:222-33. [PMID: 21601280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A variety of stimuli utilize an increase of cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration as a second messenger to transmit signals, through Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum or opening of plasma membrane Ca(2+) channels. Mitochondria contribute to the tight spatiotemporal control of this process by accumulating Ca(2+), thus shaping the return of cytosolic Ca(2+) to resting levels. The rise of mitochondrial matrix free Ca(2+) concentration stimulates oxidative metabolism; yet, in the presence of a variety of sensitizing factors of pathophysiological relevance, the matrix Ca(2+) increase can also lead to opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP), a high conductance inner membrane channel. While transient openings may serve the purpose of providing a fast Ca(2+) release mechanism, persistent PTP opening is followed by deregulated release of matrix Ca(2+), termination of oxidative phosphorylation, matrix swelling with inner membrane unfolding and eventually outer membrane rupture with release of apoptogenic proteins and cell death. Thus, a rise in mitochondrial Ca(2+) can convey both apoptotic and necrotic death signals by inducing opening of the PTP. Understanding the signalling networks that govern changes in mitochondrial free Ca(2+) concentration, their interplay with Ca(2+) signalling in other subcellular compartments, and regulation of PTP has important implications in the fine comprehension of the main biological routines of the cell and in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rasola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Italy.
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49
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Repetitive nerve stimulation transiently opens the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in motor nerve terminals of symptomatic mutant SOD1 mice. Neurobiol Dis 2011; 42:381-90. [PMID: 21310237 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2011.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria in motor nerve terminals temporarily sequester large Ca(2+) loads during repetitive stimulation. In wild-type mice this Ca(2+) uptake produces a small (<5 mV), transient depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψ(m), motor nerve stimulated at 100 Hz for 5s). We demonstrate that this stimulation-induced Ψ(m) depolarization attains much higher amplitudes in motor terminals of symptomatic mice expressing the G93A or G85R mutation of human superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), models of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). These large Ψ(m) depolarizations decayed slowly and incremented with successive stimulus trains. Additional Ψ(m) depolarizations occurred that were not synchronized with stimulation. These large Ψ(m) depolarizations were reduced (a) by cyclosporin A (CsA, 1-2 μM), which inhibits opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), or (b) by replacing bath Ca(2+) with Sr(2+), which enters motor terminals and mitochondria but does not support mPTP opening. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the large Ψ(m) depolarizations evoked by repetitive stimulation in motor terminals of symptomatic fALS mice result from mitochondrial dysfunction that increases the likelihood of transient mPTP opening during Ca(2+) influx. Such mPTP openings, a sign of mitochondrial stress, would disrupt motor terminal handling of Ca(2+) loads and might thereby contribute to motor terminal degeneration in fALS mice. Ψ(m) depolarizations resembling those in symptomatic fALS mice could be elicited in wild-type mice following a 0.5-1h exposure to diamide (200 μM), which produces an oxidative stress, but these depolarizations were not reduced by CsA.
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50
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Reddy PH, Reddy TP, Manczak M, Calkins MJ, Shirendeb U, Mao P. Dynamin-related protein 1 and mitochondrial fragmentation in neurodegenerative diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 67:103-18. [PMID: 21145355 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to review the recent developments of abnormal mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial fragmentation, and neuronal damage in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The GTPase family of proteins, including fission proteins, dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fission 1 (Fis1), and fusion proteins (Mfn1, Mfn2 and Opa1) are essential to maintain mitochondrial fission and fusion balance, and to provide necessary adenosine triphosphate to neurons. Among these, Drp1 is involved in several important aspects of mitochondria, including shape, size, distribution, remodeling, and maintenance of mitochondria in mammalian cells. In addition, recent advancements in molecular, cellular, electron microscopy, and confocal imaging studies revealed that Drp1 is associated with several cellular functions, including mitochondrial and peroxisomal fragmentation, phosphorylation, SUMOylation, ubiquitination, and cell death. In the last two decades, tremendous progress has been made in researching mitochondrial dynamics, in yeast, worms, and mammalian cells; and this research has provided evidence linking Drp1 to neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers in the neurodegenerative disease field are beginning to recognize the possible involvement of Drp1 in causing mitochondrial fragmentation and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in neurodegenerative diseases. This article summarizes research findings relating Drp1 to mitochondrial fission and fusion, in yeast, worms, and mammals. Based on findings from the Reddy laboratory and others', we propose that mutant proteins of neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, PD, HD, and ALS, interact with Drp1, activate mitochondrial fission machinery, fragment mitochondria excessively, and impair mitochondrial transport and mitochondrial dynamics, ultimately causing mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hemachandra Reddy
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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