1
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Zhang Q, Yao N, Liu Z, Xu C, Ding Z. An Autopsy Analysis of a Patient With Long-Chain 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency Caused by Compound Heterozygous HADHA Gene Mutations. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2023; 44:336-339. [PMID: 37549033 DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency is a rare mitochondrial disease characterized by lipid oxidation disorder. It is an autosomal recessive disease induced by a mutation in the HADHA gene, which encodes the LCHAD deficiency. The clinical manifestations of this disease are diverse, primarily affecting the heart, liver, and skeletal muscles. Common symptoms include cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, and even lead to death in severe cases.Herein, we report a patient who was hospitalized due to flatulence, crying, irritability, and died of acute cardiopulmonary failure after 8 days in hospital. An autopsy was performed to determine the cause of death. Clinical examination revealed abnormal liver and kidney function, and the genetic metabolic disease profile indicated significantly elevated levels of long-chain acyl-carnitine and long-chain 3-OH-acyl-carnitine. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse hepatic steatosis, and the genetic sequencing results detected compound heterozygous mutations in the HADHA gene (c.1528G>C [p.E510Q] and c.703_704dupCG [p.T236Gfs*3]). Of note, the mother had a history of acute fatty liver during pregnancy. Collectively, our study may contribute to understanding the HADHA gene mutation profile and the clinical phenotype of LCHAD deficiency, emphasizing the importance of genetic testing in forensic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjian Zhang
- From the Hangzhou Huashuo Judicial Expertise Center, Hangzhou, ZhejiangProvince, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zunzhong Liu
- Zhejiang University Judicial Expertise Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Changmiao Xu
- From the Hangzhou Huashuo Judicial Expertise Center, Hangzhou, ZhejiangProvince, China
| | - Zijiao Ding
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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2
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Bortoluzzi VT, Ribeiro RT, Zemniaçak ÂB, Cunha SDA, Sass JO, Castilho RF, Amaral AU, Wajner M. Disturbance of mitochondrial functions caused by N-acetylglutamate and N-acetylmethionine in brain of adolescent rats: Potential relevance in aminoacylase 1 deficiency. Neurochem Int 2023; 171:105631. [PMID: 37852579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Aminoacylase 1 (ACY1) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the breakdown of short-chain aliphatic N-acetylated amino acids, leading to the accumulation of these amino acid derivatives in the urine of patients. Some of the affected individuals have presented with heterogeneous neurological symptoms such as psychomotor delay, seizures, and intellectual disability. Considering that the pathological mechanisms of brain damage in this disorder remain mostly unknown, here we investigated whether major metabolites accumulating in ACY1 deficiency, namely N-acetylglutamate (NAG) and N-acetylmethionine (NAM), could be toxic to the brain by examining their in vitro effects on important mitochondrial properties. We assessed the effects of NAG and NAM on membrane potential, swelling, reducing equivalents, and Ca2+ retention capacity in purified mitochondrial preparations obtained from the brain of adolescent rats. NAG and NAM decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing equivalents, and calcium retention capacity, and induced swelling in Ca2+-loaded brain mitochondria supported by glutamate plus malate. Notably, these changes were completely prevented by the classical inhibitors of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore cyclosporin A plus ADP and by ruthenium red, implying the participation of MPT and Ca2+ in these effects. Our findings suggest that NAG- and NAM-induced disruption of mitochondrial functions involving MPT may represent relevant mechanisms of neuropathology in ACY1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Trindade Bortoluzzi
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Ângela Beatris Zemniaçak
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Sâmela de Azevedo Cunha
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Jörn Oliver Sass
- Research Group Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Natural Sciences & Institute for Functional Gene Analytics, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Rheinbach, Germany.
| | - Roger Frigério Castilho
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; PPG Atenção Integral à Saúde, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, Brazil.
| | - Moacir Wajner
- PPG Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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3
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Guerra IMS, Ferreira HB, Melo T, Rocha H, Moreira S, Diogo L, Domingues MR, Moreira ASP. Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Disorders: From Disease to Lipidomic Studies-A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213933. [PMID: 36430419 PMCID: PMC9696092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) are inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) caused by defects in the fatty acid (FA) mitochondrial β-oxidation. The most common FAODs are characterized by the accumulation of medium-chain FAs and long-chain (3-hydroxy) FAs (and their carnitine derivatives), respectively. These deregulations are associated with lipotoxicity which affects several organs and potentially leads to life-threatening complications and comorbidities. Changes in the lipidome have been associated with several diseases, including some IEMs. In FAODs, the alteration of acylcarnitines (CARs) and FA profiles have been reported in patients and animal models, but changes in polar and neutral lipid profile are still scarcely studied. In this review, we present the main findings on FA and CAR profile changes associated with FAOD pathogenesis, their correlation with oxidative damage, and the consequent disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis. Moreover, alterations in polar and neutral lipid classes and lipid species identified so far and their possible role in FAODs are discussed. We highlight the need of mass-spectrometry-based lipidomic studies to understand (epi)lipidome remodelling in FAODs, thus allowing to elucidate the pathophysiology and the identification of possible biomarkers for disease prognosis and an evaluation of therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M. S. Guerra
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena B. Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hugo Rocha
- Newborn Screening, Metabolism and Genetics Unit, Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 4000-053 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathological, Cytological and Thanatological Anatomy, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Moreira
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luísa Diogo
- Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana S. P. Moreira
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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4
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Zhu Z, Li X, Tang C, Shen J, Liu J, Ye Y. A derivatization strategy for comprehensive identification of 2- and 3-hydroxyl fatty acids by LC-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1216:339981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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5
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Justi FVG, Matos GA, Caminha JDSR, Roque CR, Carvalho EM, Campelo MWS, Belayev L, Lopes LGDF, Oria RB. The Role of Ruthenium Compounds in Neurological Diseases: A Minireview. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 380:47-53. [PMID: 34728560 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium (Ru) compounds, nitric oxide donors in biological systems, have emerged as a promising therapeutical alternative to conventional drugs in anticancer chemotherapy and as a potential neuroprotective agent, with less cytotoxic effects. This minireview summarizes promising studies with ruthenium complexes and their roles in cancer, neuroinflammation, neurovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. The up-to-date evidence supports that ruthenium-based compounds have beneficial effects against gliomas, and other types of brain cancers, reduce motor symptoms in models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and may act in the control of nociceptive and inflammatory events, such as seen in early Alzheimer's disease. More studies are needed to fill many current knowledge gaps about the intricate and complex ruthenium biological effects and therapeutic-related mechanisms, stimulating further research. Significance Statement In our minireview, we summarize interesting studies addressing the role of ruthenium compounds on neurological illnesses, focusing on brain cancer, neurovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. No such review is available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ludmila Belayev
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
| | | | - Reinaldo B Oria
- Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, Federal University of Ceara, Brazil
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6
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Ribas GS, Vargas CR. Evidence that Oxidative Disbalance and Mitochondrial Dysfunction are Involved in the Pathophysiology of Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:521-532. [PMID: 32876899 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorders (FAODs) are a group of about 20 diseases which are caused by specific mutations in genes that codify proteins or enzymes involved in the fatty acid transport and mitochondrial β-oxidation. As a consequence of these inherited metabolic defects, fatty acids can not be used as an appropriate energetic source during special conditions, such as prolonged fasting, exercise or other catabolic states. Therefore, patients usually present hepatopathy, cardiomyopathy, severe skeletal myopathy and neuropathy, besides biochemical features like hypoketotic hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, hypotony and hyperammonemia. This set of symptoms seems to be related not only with the energy deficiency, but also with toxic effects provoked by fatty acids and carnitine derivatives accumulated in the tissues of the patients. The understanding of the mechanisms by which these metabolites provoke tissue injury in FAODs is crucial for the developmental of novel therapeutic strategies that promote increased life expectancy, as well as improved life quality for patients. In this sense, the objective of this review is to present evidence from the scientific literature on the role of oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of the most prevalent FAODs: medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) and very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiencies. It is expected that the findings presented in this review, obtained from both animal model and patients studies, may contribute to a better comprehension of the pathophysiology of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziela Schmitt Ribas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clíınicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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7
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Seminotti B, Leipnitz G, Karunanidhi A, Kochersperger C, Roginskaya VY, Basu S, Wang Y, Wipf P, Van Houten B, Mohsen AW, Vockley J. Mitochondrial energetics is impaired in very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and can be rescued by treatment with mitochondria-targeted electron scavengers. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:928-941. [PMID: 30445591 PMCID: PMC6400046 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency is the most common defect of mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation. Patients present with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes affecting heart, liver and skeletal muscle predominantly. The full pathophysiology of the disease is unclear and patient response to current therapeutic regimens is incomplete. To identify additional cellular alterations and explore more effective therapies, mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox homeostasis were assessed in VLCAD-deficient fibroblasts, and several protective compounds were evaluated. The results revealed cellular and tissue changes, including decreased respiratory chain (RC) function, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and altered mitochondrial function and signaling pathways in a variety of VLCAD-deficient fibroblasts. The mitochondrially enriched electron and free radical scavengers JP4-039 and XJB-5-131 improved RC function and decreased ROS production significantly, suggesting that they are viable candidate compounds to further develop to treat VLCAD-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Seminotti
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anuradha Karunanidhi
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Kochersperger
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vera Y Roginskaya
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shrabani Basu
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yudong Wang
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Al-Walid Mohsen
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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8
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Impairment of mitochondrial bioenergetics and permeability transition induction caused by major long-chain fatty acids accumulating in VLCAD deficiency in skeletal muscle as potential pathomechanisms of myopathy. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Dikalov SI, Dikalova AE. Crosstalk Between Mitochondrial Hyperacetylation and Oxidative Stress in Vascular Dysfunction and Hypertension. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:710-721. [PMID: 30618267 PMCID: PMC6708267 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Vascular dysfunction plays a key role in the development of arteriosclerosis, heart disease, and hypertension, which causes one-third of deaths worldwide. Vascular oxidative stress and metabolic disorders contribute to vascular dysfunction, leading to impaired vasorelaxation, vascular hypertrophy, fibrosis, and aortic stiffening. Mitochondria are critical in the regulation of metabolic and antioxidant functions; therefore, mitochondria-targeted treatments could be beneficial. Recent Advances: Vascular dysfunction is crucial in hypertension pathophysiology and exhibits bidirectional relationship. Metabolic disorders and oxidative stress contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction and hypertension, which are associated with mitochondrial impairment and hyperacetylation. Mitochondrial deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is critical in the regulation of metabolic and antioxidant functions. Clinical studies show that cardiovascular disease risk factors reduce Sirt3 level and Sirt3 declines with age, paralleling the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. An imbalance between mitochondrial acetylation and reduced Sirt3 activity contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. We propose that mitochondrial hyperacetylation drives a vicious cycle between metabolic disorders and mitochondrial oxidative stress, promoting vascular dysfunction and hypertension. Critical Issues: The mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction are still obscure in human hypertension. Mitochondrial hyperacetylation and oxidative stress contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction; however, regulation of mitochondrial acetylation, the role of GCN5L1 (acetyl-CoA-binding protein promoting acetyltransferase protein acetylation) acetyltransferase, Sirt3 deacetylase, and acetylation of specific proteins require further investigations. Future Directions: There is an urgent need to define molecular mechanisms and the pathophysiological role of mitochondrial hyperacetylation, identify novel pharmacological targets, and develop therapeutic approaches to reduce this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey I Dikalov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna E Dikalova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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10
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Mäkelä AM, Hohtola E, Miinalainen IJ, Autio JA, Schmitz W, Niemi KJ, Hiltunen JK, Autio KJ. Mitochondrial 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase (Decr) deficiency and impairment of thermogenesis in mouse brown adipose tissue. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12038. [PMID: 31427678 PMCID: PMC6700156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies have demonstrated significance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for human health. However, many aspects on signals translating PUFA-sensing into body homeostasis have remained enigmatic. To shed light on PUFA physiology, we have generated a mouse line defective in mitochondrial dienoyl-CoA reductase (Decr), which is a key enzyme required for β-oxidation of PUFAs. Previously, we have shown that these mice, whose oxidation of saturated fatty acid is intact but break-down of unsaturated fatty acids is blunted, develop severe hypoglycemia during metabolic stresses and fatal hypothermia upon acute cold challenge. In the current work, indirect calorimetry and thermography suggested that cold intolerance of Decr−/− mice is due to failure in maintaining appropriate heat production at least partly due to failure of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Magnetic resonance imaging, electron microscopy, mass spectrometry and biochemical analysis showed attenuation in activation of lipolysis despite of functional NE-signaling and inappropriate expression of genes contributing to thermogenesis in iBAT when the Decr−/− mice were exposed to cold. We hypothesize that the failure in turning on BAT thermogenesis occurs due to accumulation of unsaturated long-chain fatty acids or their metabolites in Decr−/− mice BAT suppressing down-stream propagation of NE-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Mäkelä
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Esa Hohtola
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Joonas A Autio
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Kobe, Japan.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Kalle J Niemi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Kalervo Hiltunen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaija J Autio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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11
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Dubinin MV, Samartsev VN, Stepanova AE, Khoroshavina EI, Penkov NV, Yashin VA, Starinets VS, Mikheeva IB, Gudkov SV, Belosludtsev KN. Membranotropic effects of ω-hydroxypalmitic acid and Ca2+ on rat liver mitochondria and lecithin liposomes. Aggregation and membrane permeabilization. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:391-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Cecatto C, Wajner A, Vargas CR, Wajner SM, Amaral AU, Wajner M. High vulnerability of the heart and liver to 3-hydroxypalmitic acid-induced disruption of mitochondrial functions in intact cell systems. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7678-7686. [PMID: 29923625 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients affected by long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency predominantly present severe liver and cardiac dysfunction, as well as neurological symptoms during metabolic crises, whose pathogenesis is still poorly known. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that pathological concentrations of 3-hydroxypalmitic acid (3HPA), the long-chain hydroxyl fatty acid (LCHFA) that most accumulates in LCHAD deficiency, significantly decreased adenosine triphosphate-linked and uncoupled mitochondrial respiration in intact cell systems consisting of heart fibers, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes, but less intense in diced forebrain. 3HPA also significantly reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity and membrane potential in Ca2+ -loaded mitochondria more markedly in the heart and the liver, with mild or no effects in the brain, supporting a higher susceptibility of the heart and the liver to the toxic effects of this fatty acid. It is postulated that disruption of mitochondrial energy and Ca2+ homeostasis caused by the accumulation of LCHFA may contribute toward the severe cardiac and hepatic clinical manifestations observed in the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Cecatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Simone Magagnin Wajner
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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13
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Natarajan SK, Ibdah JA. Role of 3-Hydroxy Fatty Acid-Induced Hepatic Lipotoxicity in Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010322. [PMID: 29361796 PMCID: PMC5796265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), a catastrophic illness for both the mother and the unborn offspring, develops in the last trimester of pregnancy with significant maternal and perinatal mortality. AFLP is also recognized as an obstetric and medical emergency. Maternal AFLP is highly associated with a fetal homozygous mutation (1528G>C) in the gene that encodes for mitochondrial long-chain hydroxy acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD). The mutation in LCHAD results in the accumulation of 3-hydroxy fatty acids, such as 3-hydroxy myristic acid, 3-hydroxy palmitic acid and 3-hydroxy dicarboxylic acid in the placenta, which are then shunted to the maternal circulation leading to the development of acute liver injury observed in patients with AFLP. In this review, we will discuss the mechanistic role of increased 3-hydroxy fatty acid in causing lipotoxicity to the liver and in inducing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatocyte lipoapoptosis. Further, we also review the role of 3-hydroxy fatty acids in causing placental damage, pancreatic islet β-cell glucolipotoxicity, brain damage, and retinal epithelial cells lipoapoptosis in patients with LCHAD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar Natarajan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0806, USA.
| | - Jamal A Ibdah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
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Lefort B, Gouache E, Acquaviva C, Tardieu M, Benoist JF, Dumas JF, Servais S, Chevalier S, Vianey-Saban C, Labarthe F. Pharmacological inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 restores mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in human trifunctional protein deficient fibroblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1292-1299. [PMID: 28392417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein deficiency (TFPD) is a severe genetic disease characterized by altered energy metabolism and accumulation of long-chain (LC) acylcarnitines in blood and tissues. This accumulation could impair the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), contributing to the non-optimal outcome despite conventional diet therapy with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). METHOD Acylcarnitine and OxPhos parameters were measured in TFPD-fibroblasts obtained from 8 children and cultured in medium mimicking fasting (LCFA) or conventional treatment (MCT), with or without Etomoxir (ETX) an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) activity, and were compared to results obtained with fibroblasts from 5 healthy-control children. The effects of various acylcarnitines were also tested on control fibroblasts. RESULTS In the LCFA-condition, TFPD-fibroblasts demonstrated a large accumulation of LC-acylcarnitines associated with decreased O2-consumption (63±3% of control, P<0.001) and ATP production (67±5%, P<0.001) without modification of coupling efficiency. A dose-dependent decrease in O2-consumption was reproduced in control fibroblasts by addition of increasing dose of LC-acylcarnitines, while it was almost preserved with MC-acylcarnitines. The MCT-condition reduced LC-acylcarnitine accumulation and partially improved O2-consumption (80±3%, P<0.01) in TFPD-fibroblasts. The addition of ETX in both LCFA- and MCT-conditions normalized acylcarnitine profiles and restored O2-consumption and ATP production at the same levels than control. CONCLUSION Accumulation of LC-acylcarnitines plays a major role in the pathophysiology of TFPD, reducing OxPhos capacities. These deleterious effects could be partially prevented by MCT-therapy and totally corrected by ETX. Inhibition of CPT1 may be view as a new therapeutic target for patients with a severe form of TFPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lefort
- CHU de Tours, Médecine Pédiatrique, Tours, France, and INSERM U1069, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France.
| | - Elodie Gouache
- CHU de Tours, Médecine Pédiatrique, Tours, France, and INSERM U1069, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | | | - Marine Tardieu
- CHU de Tours, Médecine Pédiatrique, Tours, France, and INSERM U1069, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - François Labarthe
- CHU de Tours, Médecine Pédiatrique, Tours, France, and Inserm U1069, Université François Rabelais de Tours, PRES Centre-Val de Loire Universités, Tours, France
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Schönfeld P, Reiser G. Brain energy metabolism spurns fatty acids as fuel due to their inherent mitotoxicity and potential capacity to unleash neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2017; 109:68-77. [PMID: 28366720 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The brain uses long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) to a negligible extent as fuel for the mitochondrial energy generation, in contrast to other tissues that also demand high energy. Besides this generally accepted view, some studies using cultured neural cells or whole brain indicate a moderately active mitochondrial β-oxidation. Here, we corroborate the conclusion that brain mitochondria are unable to oxidize fatty acids. In contrast, the combustion of liver-derived ketone bodies by neural cells is long-known. Furthermore, new insights indicate the use of odd-numbered medium-chain fatty acids as valuable source for maintaining the level of intermediates of the citric acid cycle in brain mitochondria. Non-esterified LCFAs or their activated forms exert a large variety of harmful side-effects on mitochondria, such as enhancing the mitochondrial ROS generation in distinct steps of the β-oxidation and therefore potentially increasing oxidative stress. Hence, the question arises: Why do in brain energy metabolism mitochondria selectively spurn LCFAs as energy source? The most likely answer are the relatively higher content of peroxidation-sensitive polyunsaturated fatty acids and the low antioxidative defense in brain tissue. There are two remarkable peroxisomal defects, one relating to α-oxidation of phytanic acid and the other to uptake of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) which lead to pathologically high tissue levels of such fatty acids. Both, the accumulation of phytanic acid and that of VLCFAs give an enlightening insight into harmful activities of fatty acids on neural cells, which possibly explain why evolution has prevented brain mitochondria from the equipment with significant β-oxidation enzymatic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schönfeld
- Institut für Biochemie und Zellbiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Leipziger Straße 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Georg Reiser
- Institut für Inflammation und Neurodegeneration (Neurobiochemie), Medizinische Fakultät, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Leipziger Straße 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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16
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Amaral AU, Cecatto C, da Silva JC, Wajner A, Wajner M. Mechanistic Bases of Neurotoxicity Provoked by Fatty Acids Accumulating in MCAD and LCHAD Deficiencies. JOURNAL OF INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM AND SCREENING 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/2326409817701472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre U. Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cecatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaína C. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Cecatto C, Godoy KDS, da Silva JC, Amaral AU, Wajner M. Disturbance of mitochondrial functions provoked by the major long-chain 3-hydroxylated fatty acids accumulating in MTP and LCHAD deficiencies in skeletal muscle. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 36:1-9. [PMID: 27371118 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of the muscular symptoms and recurrent rhabdomyolysis that are commonly manifested in patients with mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) and long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiencies is still unknown. In this study we investigated the effects of the major long-chain monocarboxylic 3-hydroxylated fatty acids (LCHFA) accumulating in these disorders, namely 3-hydroxytetradecanoic (3HTA) and 3-hydroxypalmitic (3HPA) acids, on important mitochondrial functions in rat skeletal muscle mitochondria. 3HTA and 3HPA markedly increased resting (state 4) and decreased ADP-stimulated (state 3) and CCCP-stimulated (uncoupled) respiration. 3HPA provoked similar effects in permeabilized skeletal muscle fibers, validating the results obtained in purified mitochondria. Furthermore, 3HTA and 3HPA markedly diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, NAD(P)H content and Ca(2+) retention capacity in Ca(2+)-loaded mitochondria. Mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) induction probably underlie these effects since they were totally prevented by cyclosporin A and ADP. In contrast, the dicarboxylic analogue of 3HTA did not alter the tested parameters. Our data strongly indicate that 3HTA and 3HPA behave as metabolic inhibitors, uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation and mPT inducers in skeletal muscle. It is proposed that these pathomechanisms disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis may be involved in the muscle alterations characteristic of MTP and LCHAD deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Cecatto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kálita Dos Santos Godoy
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Janaína Camacho da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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18
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Mitochondrial dysfunction in fatty acid oxidation disorders: insights from human and animal studies. Biosci Rep 2015; 36:e00281. [PMID: 26589966 PMCID: PMC4718505 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients affected by FAOD commonly present with hepatopathy, cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy and encephalopathy. Human and animal evidences indicate that mitochondrial functions are disrupted by fatty acids and derivatives accumulating in these disorders, suggesting that lipotoxicity may contribute to their pathogenesis. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) plays a pivotal role in maintaining body energy homoeostasis mainly during catabolic states. Oxidation of fatty acids requires approximately 25 proteins. Inherited defects of FAO have been identified in the majority of these proteins and constitute an important group of inborn errors of metabolism. Affected patients usually present with severe hepatopathy, cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy, whereas some patients may suffer acute and/or progressive encephalopathy whose pathogenesis is poorly known. In recent years growing evidence has emerged indicating that energy deficiency/disruption of mitochondrial homoeostasis is involved in the pathophysiology of some fatty acid oxidation defects (FAOD), although the exact underlying mechanisms are not yet established. Characteristic fatty acids and carnitine derivatives are found at high concentrations in these patients and more markedly during episodes of metabolic decompensation that are associated with worsening of clinical symptoms. Therefore, it is conceivable that these compounds may be toxic. We will briefly summarize the current knowledge obtained from patients and genetic mouse models with these disorders indicating that disruption of mitochondrial energy, redox and calcium homoeostasis is involved in the pathophysiology of the tissue damage in the more common FAOD, including medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) and very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiencies. We will also provide evidence that the fatty acids and derivatives that accumulate in these diseases disrupt mitochondrial homoeostasis. The elucidation of the toxic mechanisms of these compounds may offer new perspectives for potential novel adjuvant therapeutic strategies in selected disorders of this group.
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19
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Cecatto C, Hickmann FH, Rodrigues MDN, Amaral AU, Wajner M. Deregulation of mitochondrial functions provoked by long-chain fatty acid accumulating in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and mitochondrial permeability transition deficiencies in rat heart--mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening as a potential contributing pathomechanism of cardiac alterations in these disorders. FEBS J 2015; 282:4714-26. [PMID: 26408230 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial trifunctional protein and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies are fatty acid oxidation disorders biochemically characterized by tissue accumulation of long-chain fatty acids and derivatives, including the monocarboxylic long-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acids (LCHFAs) 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid (3HTA) and 3-hydroxypalmitic acid (3HPA). Patients commonly present severe cardiomyopathy for which the pathogenesis is still poorly established. We investigated the effects of 3HTA and 3HPA, the major metabolites accumulating in these disorders, on important parameters of mitochondrial homeostasis in Ca(2+) -loaded heart mitochondria. 3HTA and 3HPA significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, the matrix NAD(P)H pool and Ca(2+) retention capacity, and also induced mitochondrial swelling. These fatty acids also provoked a marked decrease of ATP production reflecting severe energy dysfunction. Furthermore, 3HTA-induced mitochondrial alterations were completely prevented by the classical mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) inhibitors cyclosporin A and ADP, as well as by ruthenium red, a Ca(2+) uptake blocker, indicating that LCHFAs induced Ca(2+)-dependent mPT pore opening. Milder effects only achieved at higher doses of LCHFAs were observed in brain mitochondria, implying a higher vulnerability of heart to these fatty acids. By contrast, 3HTA and docosanoic acids did not change mitochondrial homeostasis, indicating selective effects for monocarboxylic LCHFAs. The present data indicate that the major LCHFAs accumulating in mitochondrial trifunctional protein and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies induce mPT pore opening, compromising Ca(2+) homeostasis and oxidative phosphorylation more intensely in the heart. It is proposed that these pathomechanisms may contribute at least in part to the severe cardiac alterations characteristic of patients affected by these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Cecatto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda H Hickmann
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marília D N Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre U Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
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20
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Chen H, Liu C, Yin J, Chen Z, Xu J, Wang D, Zhu J, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Li A. Mitochondrial Cyclophilin D as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemia-Induced Facial Palsy in Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 35:931-41. [PMID: 25820785 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that ischemia could induce facial nerve (FN) injury. However, there is a lack of a suitable animal model for FN injury study and thus little knowledge is available about the precise mechanism for FN injury. The aims of this study were to establish a reliable FN injury model induced by blocking the petrosal artery and to investigate whether dysfunctional interaction between cyclophilin D (CypD) and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) can mediate cell dysfunction in ischemic FN injury. The outcomes of ischemia-induced FN injury rat model were evaluated by behavioral assessment, histological observation, electrophysiology, and electron microscopy. Then the levels of CypD and protein that forms the MPTP were evaluated under the conditions with or without the treatment of Cyclosporin A (CsA), which has been found to disrupt MPTP through the binding of CypD. The blocking of petrosal artery caused significant facial palsy signs in the ischemia group but not in the sham group. Furthermore, ischemia can induce the dysfunction of facial nucleus neurons and destruction of the myelin sheath and increase the protein levels of CypD and MPTP protein compared with sham group. Interestingly, treatment with CsA significantly improved neurological function and reversed the ischemia-induced increase of CypD and MPTP proteins in ischemia group. These results demonstrated that blocking of petrosal artery in rats can induce FN injury and the mechanism may be related to the disruption of MPTP by CypD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Chnagtao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanlei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiu Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, 182 Tong Guan North Road, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People's Republic of China.
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Hickmann FH, Cecatto C, Kleemann D, Monteiro WO, Castilho RF, Amaral AU, Wajner M. Uncoupling, metabolic inhibition and induction of mitochondrial permeability transition in rat liver mitochondria caused by the major long-chain hydroxyl monocarboxylic fatty acids accumulating in LCHAD deficiency. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:620-8. [PMID: 25868874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency commonly present liver dysfunction whose pathogenesis is unknown. We studied the effects of long-chain 3-hydroxylated fatty acids (LCHFA) that accumulate in LCHAD deficiency on liver bioenergetics using mitochondrial preparations from young rats. We provide strong evidence that 3-hydroxytetradecanoic (3HTA) and 3-hydroxypalmitic (3HPA) acids, the monocarboxylic acids that are found at the highest tissue concentrations in this disorder, act as metabolic inhibitors and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. These conclusions are based on the findings that these fatty acids decreased ADP-stimulated (state 3) and uncoupled respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential and NAD(P)H content, and, in contrast, increased resting (state 4) respiration. We also verified that 3HTA and 3HPA markedly reduced Ca2+ retention capacity and induced swelling in Ca2+-loaded mitochondria. These effects were mediated by mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) induction since they were totally prevented by the classical MPT inhibitors cyclosporin A and ADP, as well as by ruthenium red, a Ca2+ uptake blocker. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the major monocarboxylic LCHFA accumulating in LCHAD deficiency disrupt energy mitochondrial homeostasis in the liver. It is proposed that this pathomechanism may explain at least in part the hepatic alterations characteristic of the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Hermes Hickmann
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cecatto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniele Kleemann
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Wagner Oliveira Monteiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Frigério Castilho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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