1
|
Wu W, Zhou S, Fei G, Wang R. The role of long noncoding RNA MEG3 in fibrosis diseases. Postgrad Med J 2024; 100:529-538. [PMID: 38430191 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a prevalent pathological condition observed in various organs and tissues. It primarily arises from the excessive and abnormal accumulation of the extracellular matrix, resulting in the structural and functional impairment of tissues and organs, which can culminate in death. Many forms of fibrosis, including liver, cardiac, pulmonary, and renal fibrosis, are considered irreversible. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is an imprinted RNA gene. Historically, the downregulation of MEG3 has been linked to tumor pathogenesis. However, recent studies indicate an emerging association of MEG3 with fibrotic diseases. In this review, we delve into the current understanding of MEG3's role in fibrosis, aiming to shed light on the molecular mechanisms of fibrosis and the potential of MEG3 as a novel therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Department of Occupational Disease, Hefei Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Guanghe Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yun QS, Bao YX, Jiang JB, Guo Q. Mechanisms of norcantharidin against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:263-272. [PMID: 38472637 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (RTIF) is a common feature and inevitable consequence of all progressive chronic kidney diseases, leading to end-stage renal failure regardless of the initial cause. Although research over the past few decades has greatly improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of RTIF, until now there has been no specific treatment available that can halt the progression of RTIF. Norcantharidin (NCTD) is a demethylated analogue of cantharidin, a natural compound isolated from 1500 species of medicinal insect, the blister beetle (Mylabris phalerata Pallas), traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Many studies have found that NCTD can attenuate RTIF and has the potential to be an anti-RTIF drug. This article reviews the recent progress of NCTD in the treatment of RTIF, with emphasis on the pharmacological mechanism of NCTD against RTIF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Su Yun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou and the 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Xin Bao
- Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xuefu Road, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Jie-Bing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 881 Yonghe Road, Nantong, 226001 , Jiangsu, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Liu Y, Huo W, He L, Li B, Wang H, Meng F, Duan C, Zhou B, Wu J, Chen R, Xing J, Wan Y. The Role of miRNA and Long Noncoding RNA in Cholestatic Liver Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00075-0. [PMID: 38417698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver diseases encompass a range of organic damages, metabolic disorders, and dysfunctions within the hepatobiliary system, arising from various pathogenic causes. These factors contribute to disruptions in bile production, secretion, and excretion. Cholestatic liver diseases can be classified into intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis, according to the location of occurrence. The etiology of cholestatic liver diseases is complex, and includes drugs, poisons, viruses, parasites, bacteria, autoimmune responses, tumors, and genetic metabolism. The pathogenesis of cholelstatic liver disease is not completely clarified; also, there is still a lack of effective therapy methods. It is urgent to clarify its mechanism to find more effective therapeutic targets and drugs. Increasing evidence demonstrates that miRNA and long noncoding RNA are involved in the progression of cholestatic liver diseases. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the research progress on the roles of miRNA and long noncoding RNA in cholestatic liver diseases. The aim is to enhance the understanding of their potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic value for patients with cholestasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wen Huo
- Functional Experiment Center, College of Basic and Legal Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Longfei He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bowen Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Chenggang Duan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bingru Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinbo Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Luzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Luzhou Second People's Hospital), Luzhou, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Juan Xing
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Ying Wan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gavito-Covarrubias D, Ramírez-Díaz I, Guzmán-Linares J, Limón ID, Manuel-Sánchez DM, Molina-Herrera A, Coral-García MÁ, Anastasio E, Anaya-Hernández A, López-Salazar P, Juárez-Díaz G, Martínez-Juárez J, Torres-Jácome J, Albarado-Ibáñez A, Martínez-Laguna Y, Morán C, Rubio K. Epigenetic mechanisms of particulate matter exposure: air pollution and hazards on human health. Front Genet 2024; 14:1306600. [PMID: 38299096 PMCID: PMC10829887 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1306600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution nowadays has not only a direct correlation with human health changes but a direct social impact. Epidemiological studies have evidenced the increased damage to human health on a daily basis because of damage to the ecological niche. Rapid urban growth and industrialized societies importantly compromise air quality, which can be assessed by a notable accumulation of air pollutants in both the gas and the particle phases. Of them, particulate matter (PM) represents a highly complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds of the most variable size, composition, and origin. PM being one of the most complex environmental pollutants, its accumulation also varies in a temporal and spatial manner, which challenges current analytical techniques used to investigate PM interactions. Nevertheless, the characterization of the chemical composition of PM is a reliable indicator of the composition of the atmosphere, the quality of breathed air in urbanized societies, industrial zones and consequently gives support for pertinent measures to avoid serious health damage. Epigenomic damage is one of the most promising biological mechanisms of air pollution-derived carcinogenesis. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the implication of PM exposure in diverse molecular mechanisms driving human diseases by altered epigenetic regulation. The presented findings in the context of pan-organic cancer, fibrosis, neurodegeneration and metabolic diseases may provide valuable insights into the toxicity effects of PM components at the epigenomic level and may serve as biomarkers of early detection for novel targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dulcemaría Gavito-Covarrubias
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Ramírez-Díaz
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Josué Guzmán-Linares
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ilhuicamina Daniel Limón
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Dulce María Manuel-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Molina-Herrera
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Coral-García
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Estela Anastasio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Arely Anaya-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Genética y Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Primavera López-Salazar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Juárez-Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Javier Martínez-Juárez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Julián Torres-Jácome
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alondra Albarado-Ibáñez
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carolina Morán
- Centro de Investigación en Fisicoquímica de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Karla Rubio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zaiou M. Noncoding RNAs as additional mediators of epigenetic regulation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5111-5128. [PMID: 36188722 PMCID: PMC9516672 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i35.5111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common cause of chronic liver disorder worldwide. It represents a spectrum that includes a continuum of different clinical entities ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which can evolve to cirrhosis and in some cases to hepatocellular carcinoma, ultimately leading to liver failure. The pathogenesis of NAFLD and the mechanisms underlying its progression to more pathological stages are not completely understood. Besides genetic factors, evidence indicates that epigenetic mechanisms occurring in response to environmental stimuli also contribute to the disease risk. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are one of the epigenetic factors that play key regulatory roles in the development of NAFLD. As the field of ncRNAs is rapidly evolving, the present review aims to explore the current state of knowledge on the roles of these RNA species in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, highlight relevant mechanisms by which some ncRNAs can modulate regulatory networks implicated in NAFLD, and discuss key challenges and future directions facing current research in the hopes of developing ncRNAs as next-generation non-invasive diagnostics and therapies in NAFLD and subsequent progression to hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zaiou
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR CNRS 7198, CNRS, University of Lorraine, Nancy 54011, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fucoidan-Mediated Inhibition of Fibrotic Properties in Oral Submucous Fibrosis via the MEG3/miR-181a/Egr1 Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070833. [PMID: 35890132 PMCID: PMC9317791 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic fibrotic remodeling disease that can progress to oral cancer. However, efficient clinical diagnosis and treatment methods for OSF are still lacking. This study investigated the anti-fibrotic effect of fucoidan on oral fibrosis. To evaluate the fibrotic ability (myofibroblast activities), we performed wound-healing, Transwell migration, and collagen contraction assays by using patient-derived normal and fibrotic buccal submucous fibroblasts (BMFs and fBMFs, respectively). RNA-sequencing and dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation chip assays were performed to identify the clinical significance and molecular mechanism of non-coding RNAs. Fucoidan suppressed the myofibroblast activities and inhibited the MEG3 in fBMFs. MEG3 was overexpressed in the OSF tissue and was positively associated with myofibroblast markers. Knockdown of MEG3 markedly inhibited myofibroblast activities, which were restored by inhibiting miR-181a and overexpressing Egr1. The results from luciferase reporter and RIP assays confirmed that MEG3 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and could directly target miR-181a, thereby preventing the miR-181a-mediated translational repression of Egr1. This study demonstrated that MEG3 exerts a profibrotic effect on OSF by targeting miR-181a/Egr1. Therefore, the administration of fucoidan may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for OSF by targeting the overexpression of MEG3.
Collapse
|
7
|
Goldfarb CN, Karri K, Pyatkov M, Waxman DJ. Interplay Between GH-regulated, Sex-biased Liver Transcriptome and Hepatic Zonation Revealed by Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6580481. [PMID: 35512247 PMCID: PMC9154260 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The zonation of liver metabolic processes is well-characterized; however, little is known about the cell type-specificity and zonation of sexually dimorphic gene expression or its growth hormone (GH)-dependent transcriptional regulators. We address these issues using single-nucleus RNA-sequencing of 32 000 nuclei representing 9 major liver cell types. Nuclei were extracted from livers from adult male and female mice; from males infused with GH continuously, mimicking the female plasma GH pattern; and from mice exposed to TCPOBOP, a xenobiotic agonist ligand of the nuclear receptor CAR that perturbs sex-biased gene expression. Analysis of these rich transcriptomic datasets revealed the following: 1) expression of sex-biased genes and their GH-dependent transcriptional regulators is primarily restricted to hepatocytes and is not a feature of liver nonparenchymal cells; 2) many sex-biased transcripts show sex-dependent zonation within the liver lobule; 3) gene expression is substantially feminized both in periportal and pericentral hepatocytes when male mice are infused with GH continuously; 4) sequencing nuclei increases the sensitivity for detecting thousands of nuclear-enriched long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and enables determination of their liver cell type-specificity, sex-bias and hepatocyte zonation profiles; 5) the periportal to pericentral hepatocyte cell ratio is significantly higher in male than female liver; and 6) TCPOBOP exposure disrupts both sex-specific gene expression and hepatocyte zonation within the liver lobule. These findings highlight the complex interconnections between hepatic sexual dimorphism and zonation at the single-cell level and reveal how endogenous hormones and foreign chemical exposure can alter these interactions across the liver lobule with large effects both on protein-coding genes and lncRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine N Goldfarb
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Kritika Karri
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Bioinformatics Program Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Maxim Pyatkov
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - David J Waxman
- Correspondence: David J. Waxman, PhD, Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carson JP, Robinson MW, Ramm GA, Gobert GN. Synthetic peptides derived from the Schistosoma mansoni secretory protein Sm16 induce contrasting responses in hepatic stellate cells. Exp Parasitol 2022; 236-237:108255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
9
|
Gao Q, Chang X, Yang M, Zheng J, Gong X, Liu H, Li K, Wang X, Zhan H, Li S, Feng S, Sun X, Sun Y. LncRNA MEG3 restrained pulmonary fibrosis induced by NiO NPs via regulating hedgehog signaling pathway-mediated autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:79-91. [PMID: 34608745 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (lncRNA MEG3) was down-regulated in pulmonary fibrosis of rats induced by Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs), while the downstream regulatory mechanisms of MEG3 remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among MEG3, Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and autophagy in pulmonary fibrosis caused by NiO NPs. The pulmonary fibrosis model in rats was constructed by intratracheal instillation of 0.015, 0.06, and 0.24 mg/kg NiO NPs twice a week for 9 weeks. Collagen deposition model was established by treating A549 cells with 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL NiO NPs for 24 h. Our results indicated that NiO NPs activated Hh pathway, down-regulated the expression of MEG3, and reduced autophagy activity in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, the autophagy process was promoted by Hh pathway inhibitor (CDG-0449), while the collagen formation in A549 cells was reduced by autophagy activator (Rapamycin). Furthermore, the overexpressed MEG3 inhibited the activation of Hh pathway, resulting in autophagy activity enhancement along with collagen formation reduction. In summary, lncRNA MEG3 can restrain pulmonary fibrosis induced by NiO NPs via regulating hedgehog signaling pathway-mediated autophagy, which may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinfa Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haibing Zhan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Public Health, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou city, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sanwei Feng
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Gansu Baoshihua Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingchang Sun
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Gansu Baoshihua Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbiao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qin R, Huang W, Huang Y, Zhang Z, Su Y, Chen S, Wang H. lncRNA MEG3 modulates hepatic stellate cell activation by sponging miR‑145 to regulate PPARγ. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:3. [PMID: 34738631 PMCID: PMC8600405 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to determine the mechanism of liver fibrosis for targeted therapy and the development of targeted therapies for liver fibrosis may offer promise for patients with liver disease. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve a role in hepatic fibrosis. The lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) has been confirmed to inhibit liver fibrosis. The present study investigated the role of the MEG3 in healthy patients and patients with liver fibrosis. The expression levels of MEG3 and microRNA (miR)‑145 in the serum of healthy volunteers and patients with liver fibrosis and in LX‑2 cells were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the targeting relationship between MEG3 and miR‑145, and the targeting relationship between miR‑145 and peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ (PPARγ). The protein expression levels of PPARγ, α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA) and collagen I (COL1A1) were detected using western blotting. The expression levels of α‑SMA and COL1A1 were also determined using immunofluorescence. Finally, a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay was performed to assess the proliferative ability of LX‑2 cells. A significantly reduced MEG3 expression level was demonstrated in serum from patients with liver fibrosis compared with serum from healthy controls. TGF‑β1 induced a significantly decreased MEG3 expression level in LX‑2 human hepatic stellate cells in vitro. The TGF‑β1‑induced increases in cell proliferation and α‑SMA and COL1A1 protein expression levels were reversed following MEG3 overexpression. The results also demonstrated that MEG3 sponged miR‑145 and competed endogenously with miR‑145 to regulate PPARγ. In summary, the present study identified MEG3 as an anti‑fibrotic lncRNA and provided new information regarding the role of MEG3 in liver fibrosis. MEG3 may therefore be a potential target in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Weikang Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Yu Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yan'an Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Sijin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunological Prevention and Treatment of Yunnan Province, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Long non-coding RNA in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 110:1-35. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Dorairaj V, Sulaiman SA, Abu N, Abdul Murad NA. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Pathogenesis and Noninvasive Diagnosis. Biomedicines 2021; 10:15. [PMID: 35052690 PMCID: PMC8773432 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), as it is now known, has gradually increased. NAFLD is a disease with a spectrum of stages ranging from simple fatty liver (steatosis) to a severe form of steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which could progress to irreversible liver injury (fibrosis) and organ failure, and in some cases hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although a liver biopsy remains the gold standard for accurate detection of this condition, it is unsuitable for clinical screening due to a higher risk of death. There is thus an increased need to find alternative techniques or tools for accurate diagnosis. Early detection for NASH matters for patients because NASH is the marker for severe disease progression. This review summarizes the current noninvasive tools for NAFLD diagnosis and their performance. We also discussed potential and newer alternative tools for diagnosing NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Siti Aishah Sulaiman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (V.D.); (N.A.); (N.A.A.M.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Z, Yang X, Gui S, Yang F, Cao Z, Cheng R, Xia X, Li C. The Roles and Mechanisms of lncRNAs in Liver Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:779606. [PMID: 34899344 PMCID: PMC8652206 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can potentially regulate all aspects of cellular activity including differentiation and development, metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, and activation, and benefited from advances in transcriptomic and genomic research techniques and database management technologies, its functions and mechanisms in physiological and pathological states have been widely reported. Liver fibrosis is typically characterized by a reversible wound healing response, often accompanied by an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. In recent years, a range of lncRNAs have been investigated and found to be involved in several cellular-level regulatory processes as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that play an important role in the development of liver fibrosis. A variety of lncRNAs have also been shown to contribute to the altered cell cycle, proliferation profile associated with the accelerated development of liver fibrosis. This review aims to discuss the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in the development and regression of liver fibrosis, to explore the major lncRNAs involved in the signaling pathways regulating liver fibrosis, to elucidate the mechanisms mediated by lncRNA dysregulation and to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoke Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Siyu Gui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fan Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhuo Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rong Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaowei Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible wound healing process following liver injury. Although this process is necessary for maintaining liver integrity, severe excessive extracellular matrix accumulation (ECM) could lead to permanent scar formation and destroy the liver structure. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a key event in hepatic fibrosis. Previous studies show that most antifibrotic therapies focus on the apoptosis of HSCs and the prevention of HSC activation. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a substantial role in HSC activation and are likely to be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. This review summarizes and discusses the previously reported ncRNAs, including the microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, highlighting their regulatory roles and interactions in the signaling pathways that regulate HSC activation in hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu YY, Wu S, Li XF, Luo S, Wang A, Yin SQ, Huang C, Li J. LncRNA MEG3 reverses CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis by targeting NLRC5. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174462. [PMID: 34536366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a persistent pathological repair of chronic liver injury, which is characterized by excessive deposition of collagen-dominated extracellular matrix (ECM). It is well known that hepatic fibrosis can be reversed in the absence of etiology. Studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (Lnc RNA) maternally expressed gene3 (MEG3) has strong effects on the activation of hepatic stellata cells (HSCs). However, the function of MEG3 in the reversal of liver fibrosis has not been studied. In this experiment, we studied the content expression, function, and part of the potential mechanism of MEG3 in reversing liver fibrosis. In in vivo and in vitro models, we found that MEG3 was down-regulated during the formation of liver fibrosis, while it was up-regulated during the reversal of liver fibrosis. Then, it was found that the silencing of MEG3 could gradually restore the activity of the inactivated LX-2 cells, Overexpression of MEG3 can inhibit the activation of LX-2 cells, accelerate the reversal of liver fibrosis. Through catRAPID analysis, it was found that NLR family CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5) may be a target of MEG3. We found that, after MEG3 silencing, NLRC5 expression was upregulated in LX-2 cells in the reverse phase, while, after MEG3 overexpression, NLRC5 expression was decreased. Further, we verified that MEG3 can target NLRC5 through RNA pull down experiment. Therefore, MEG3 may inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells by targeting NLRC5, thus accelerating the reversal of hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Postdoctoral Station of Clinical Medicine of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuai Luo
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Su-Qin Yin
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alipoor B, Nikouei S, Rezaeinejad F, Malakooti-Dehkordi SN, Sabati Z, Ghasemi H. Long non-coding RNAs in metabolic disorders: pathogenetic relevance and potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2015-2041. [PMID: 33792864 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01559-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) could be associated with the incidence and development of metabolic disorders. AIM Accordingly, this narrative review described the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in the development of metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, and coronary artery diseases (CAD). Furthermore, we investigated the up-to-date findings on the association of deregulated lncRNAs in the metabolic disorders, and potential use of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION LncRNAs/miRNA/regulatory proteins axis plays a crucial role in progression of metabolic disorders and may be used in development of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Alipoor
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - S Nikouei
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - F Rezaeinejad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Z Sabati
- MSc student of Hematology, Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Ghasemi
- Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
DiStefano JK, Gerhard GS. Long Noncoding RNAs and Human Liver Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2021; 17:1-21. [PMID: 34416820 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-115255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed in the genome, exhibit a diverse range of biological functions, and exert effects through a variety of mechanisms. The sheer number of lncRNAs in the human genome has raised important questions about their potential biological significance and roles in human health and disease. Technological and computational advances have enabled functional annotation of a large number of lncRNAs. Though the number of publications related to lncRNAs has escalated in recent years, relatively few have focused on those involved in hepatic physiology and pathology. We provide an overview of evolving lncRNA classification systems and characteristics and highlight important advances in our understanding of the contribution of lncRNAs to liver disease, with a focus on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholestatic liver disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, Volume 17 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K DiStefano
- Diabetes and Fibrotic Disease Research Unit, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA;
| | - Glenn S Gerhard
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhan H, Sun X, Wang X, Gao Q, Yang M, Liu H, Zheng J, Gong X, Feng S, Chang X, Sun Y. LncRNA MEG3 Involved in NiO NPs-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Regulating TGF-β1-Mediated PI3K/AKT Pathway. Toxicol Sci 2021; 182:120-131. [PMID: 33895847 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) involves in fibrotic diseases, but its role in nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs)-induced pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the relationships among MEG3, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway in NiO NPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with NiO NPs twice a week for 9 weeks, and human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (A549 cells) were exposed to NiO NPs for 24 h. The pathological alterations and increased hydroxyproline indicated that NiO NPs caused pulmonary fibrosis in rats. The up-regulated type I collagen (Col-I) suggested that NiO NPs-induced collagen deposition in A549 cells. Meanwhile, NiO NPs could significantly down-regulate MEG3, up-regulate TGF-β1 and activate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. However, we found that the PI3K/AKT pathway activated by NiO NPs could be suppressed by 10 μM TGF-β1 inhibitor (SB431542) in A549 cells. The protein markers (Col-I, Fibronectin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin) of collagen deposition up-regulated by NiO NPs were reduced by 10 μM PI3K inhibitor (LY294002). Furthermore, we further found that overexpressed MEG3 inhibited the expression of TGF-β1, resulting in the inactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway and the reduction of collagen formation. In summary, our results validated that MEG3 could arrest NiO NPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting TGF-β1-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Zhan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xingchang Sun
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Gansu Baoshihua Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinfa Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sanwei Feng
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Gansu Baoshihua Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yingbiao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu X, Liu H, Wu Y, He Z, Shen L, Zhang H, Wan Z, Chen Y, Yue H, Zhang T, Gao S, Yu Z. The role of lncRNA Meg3 in the proliferation of all-trans retinoic acid-treated mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal cells involves the Smad pathway. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 104:1-7. [PMID: 34166781 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal cell proliferation is critical for the growth of the palate shelf. All-trans retinoic acid (atRA), as well as pathways associated with TGF-β/Smad signaling, play crucial roles in the proliferation of mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal (MEPM) cells. We have found that MEPM-cell proliferation was regulated by atRA and exogenous TGF-β3 could significantly antagonize the atRA-mediated suppression of MEPM cell proliferation, which is closely associated with the regulation of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 has been reported to activate TGF-β/Smad signaling, thereby regulating cellular proliferation, differentiation, and related processes. Here, we found that Meg3 expression increased significantly in atRA-treated MEPM cells while TGF-β3 treatment markedly inhibited Meg3 expression and antagonized the effect of atRA on Meg3. Moreover, Smad2 was found to interact directly with Meg3, and atRA treatment significantly enriched Meg3 in Smad2-immunoprecipitated samples. After Meg3 deletion, the effects of atRA on the proliferation of MEPM cells and TGF-β3-dependent protein expression were lost. Hence, we speculate that Meg3 has a role in the RA-induced suppression of MEPM cell proliferation by targeting Smad2 and thereby mediating TGF-β/Smad signaling inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haodi Yue
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suhua Gao
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhan H, Chang X, Wang X, Yang M, Gao Q, Liu H, Li C, Li S, Sun Y. LncRNA MEG3 mediates nickel oxide nanoparticles-induced pulmonary fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1099-1110. [PMID: 33547861 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) causes pulmonary fibrosis via activating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in rats, but its upstream regulatory mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in NiO NPs-induced collagen deposition. Male Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with NiO NPs (0.015, 0.06, and 0.24 mg/kg b.w.) twice a week for 9 weeks. Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (A549 cells) were cultured with NiO NPs (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) to establish collagen deposition model. We discovered that NiO NPs-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis was accompanied by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurrence and MEG3 down-regulation in rat lung tissues. In cell collagen deposition model, NiO NPs also evoked EMT and decreased MEG3 expression in a dose-dependent manner in A549 cells. By overexpressing MEG3 in A549 cells, we found that MEG3 inhibited the level of TGF-β1, EMT process and collagen formation. Moreover, our data showed that SB431542 (TGF-β1 inhibitor) had an inhibitory effect on NiO NPs-induced EMT and collagen formation. Our results indicated that MEG3 inhibited NiO NPs-induced collagen deposition by regulating TGF-β1-mediated EMT process, which may provide some clues for insighting into the mechanisms of NiO NPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Zhan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengyun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Public Health, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbiao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu J, Nagy LE, Wang L. The long and the small collide: LncRNAs and small heterodimer partner (SHP) in liver disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 528:111262. [PMID: 33781837 PMCID: PMC8087644 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large and diverse class of RNA molecules that are transcribed but not translated into proteins, with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs are involved in gene expression and regulation. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs is associated with disease pathogenesis. Small heterodimer partner (SHP, NR0B2) is a unique orphan nuclear receptor that plays a pivotal role in many biological processes by acting as a transcriptional repressor. In this review, we present the critical roles of SHP and summarize recent findings demonstrating the regulation between lncRNAs and SHP in liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Independent Researcher, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ma Y, Harris J, Li P, Cao H. Long noncoding RNAs-a new dimension in the molecular architecture of the bile acid/FXR pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 525:111191. [PMID: 33539963 PMCID: PMC8437140 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids, regarded as the body's detergent for digesting lipids, also function as critical signaling molecules that regulate cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the body. Bile acids are the natural ligands of the nuclear receptor, FXR, which controls an intricate network of cellular pathways to maintain metabolic homeostasis. In recent years, growing evidence supports that many cellular actions of the bile acid/FXR pathway are mediated by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and lncRNAs are in turn powerful regulators of bile acid levels and FXR activities. In this review, we highlight the substantial progress made in the understanding of the functional and mechanistic role of lncRNAs in bile acid metabolism and how lncRNAs connect bile acid activity to additional metabolic processes. We also discuss the potential of lncRNA studies in elucidating novel molecular mechanisms of the bile acid/FXR pathway and the promise of lncRNAs as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for diseases associated with altered bile acid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghe Ma
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jamie Harris
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Haiming Cao
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Goldfarb CN, Waxman DJ. Global analysis of expression, maturation and subcellular localization of mouse liver transcriptome identifies novel sex-biased and TCPOBOP-responsive long non-coding RNAs. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:212. [PMID: 33761883 PMCID: PMC7992343 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While nuclear transcription and RNA processing and localization are well established for protein coding genes (PCGs), these processes are poorly understood for long non-coding (lnc)RNAs. Here, we characterize global patterns of transcript expression, maturation and localization for mouse liver RNA, including more than 15,000 lncRNAs. PolyA-selected liver RNA was isolated and sequenced from four subcellular fractions (chromatin, nucleoplasm, total nucleus, and cytoplasm), and from the chromatin-bound fraction without polyA selection. RESULTS Transcript processing, determined from normalized intronic to exonic sequence read density ratios, progressively increased for PCG transcripts in going from the chromatin-bound fraction to the nucleoplasm and then on to the cytoplasm. Transcript maturation was similar for lncRNAs in the chromatin fraction, but was significantly lower in the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. LncRNA transcripts were 11-fold more likely to be significantly enriched in the nucleus than cytoplasm, and 100-fold more likely to be significantly chromatin-bound than nucleoplasmic. Sequencing chromatin-bound RNA greatly increased the sensitivity for detecting lowly expressed lncRNAs and enabled us to discover and localize hundreds of novel regulated liver lncRNAs, including lncRNAs showing sex-biased expression or responsiveness to TCPOBOP a xenobiotic agonist ligand of constitutive androstane receptor (Nr1i3). CONCLUSIONS Integration of our findings with prior studies and lncRNA annotations identified candidate regulatory lncRNAs for a variety of hepatic functions based on gene co-localization within topologically associating domains or transcription divergent or antisense to PCGs associated with pathways linked to hepatic physiology and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine N Goldfarb
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - David J Waxman
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xie Z, Wu Y, Liu S, Lai Y, Tang S. LncRNA-SNHG7/miR-29b/DNMT3A axis affects activation, autophagy and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101469. [PMID: 32893175 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the relative expression of long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (lncRNA-SNHG7) in fibrotic liver and hepatic stellate cells, and investigate the biological effects and mechanisms of SNHG7 on liver fibrosis. METHODS Liver fibrosis model of mice was established, primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were cultured from normal mice and induced to activate by TGF-β. Cell viability, proliferation, and autophagy were detected with MTT, BrdU, and MDC stain, respectively. Liver tissue stained with Masson and Sirius Red. The interaction between SNHG7 and miR-29b was investigated by immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down and Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The effects of SNHG7 on the expression of miR-29b, DNMT3A and liver fibrosis related factors were detected in vitro or in vivo transfection experiments. RESULTS SNHG7 was signally increased in liver tissue and HSCs of liver fibrosis model of mice, and inhibition of SNHG7 expression in liver fibrosis mice can reduce liver fibrosis. We also found that SNHG7 could bind to miR-29b in HSCs and inhibit the expression of miR-29b. In TGF-β-stimulated normal HSCs, knockdown of SNHG7 expression after shSNHG7 transfection could restrain DNMT3A and HSCs activation factors α-SMA, Collα1 and autophagy-related factors LC3I/II, Beclin1. However, this shSNHG7 effect was reversed by the inhibition of miR-29b. CONCLUSION Inhibition of lncRNA-SNHG7 can inhibit liver fibrosis. This is partly due to SNHG7 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to affect the expression of DNMT3A, a downstream target gene of miR-29b, by binding to miR-29b, thereby affecting the activation, autophagy and proliferation of HSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Mingde Road, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanhao Wu
- The Second Medical College Of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sifu Liu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yueliang Lai
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shenglan Tang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wu Z, Huang S, Zheng X, Gu S, Xu Q, Gong Y, Zhang J, Fu B, Tang L. Regulatory long non-coding RNAs of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:351. [PMID: 33732324 PMCID: PMC7903415 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a continuous wound healing process caused by numerous chronic hepatic diseases and poses a major threat to human health. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a critical event in the development of hepatic fibrosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are involved in HSC activation, participate in the development of LF and are likely to be therapeutic targets for LF. In the present review, the cellular signaling pathways of LF with respect to HSCs were discussed. In particular, this present review highlighted the current knowledge on the role of lncRNAs in activating or inhibiting LF, revealing lncRNAs that are likely to be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for LF. Additional studies should be performed to elucidate the potential of lncRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of LF and to provide novel therapeutic approaches for the reversion of LF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shunmei Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Silan Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomai Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Bin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pachera E, Assassi S, Salazar GA, Stellato M, Renoux F, Wunderlin A, Blyszczuk P, Lafyatis R, Kurreeman F, de Vries-Bouwstra J, Messemaker T, Feghali-Bostwick CA, Rogler G, van Haaften WT, Dijkstra G, Oakley F, Calcagni M, Schniering J, Maurer B, Distler JH, Kania G, Frank-Bertoncelj M, Distler O. Long noncoding RNA H19X is a key mediator of TGF-β-driven fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4888-4905. [PMID: 32603313 DOI: 10.1172/jci135439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β is a master regulator of fibrosis, driving the differentiation of fibroblasts into apoptosis-resistant myofibroblasts and sustaining the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Here, we identified the nuclear long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19X as a master regulator of TGF-β-driven tissue fibrosis. H19X was consistently upregulated in a wide variety of human fibrotic tissues and diseases and was strongly induced by TGF-β, particularly in fibroblasts and fibroblast-related cells. Functional experiments following H19X silencing revealed that H19X was an obligatory factor for TGF-β-induced ECM synthesis as well as differentiation and survival of ECM-producing myofibroblasts. We showed that H19X regulates DDIT4L gene expression, specifically interacting with a region upstream of the DDIT4L gene and changing the chromatin accessibility of a DDIT4L enhancer. These events resulted in transcriptional repression of DDIT4L and, in turn, in increased collagen expression and fibrosis. Our results shed light on key effectors of TGF-β-induced ECM remodeling and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pachera
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gloria A Salazar
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mara Stellato
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Renoux
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adam Wunderlin
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Przemyslaw Blyszczuk
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fina Kurreeman
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Tobias Messemaker
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wouter T van Haaften
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio Calcagni
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janine Schniering
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Britta Maurer
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Hw Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Kania
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mojca Frank-Bertoncelj
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ganguly N, Chakrabarti S. Role of long non‑coding RNAs and related epigenetic mechanisms in liver fibrosis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:23. [PMID: 33495817 PMCID: PMC7846421 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is one of the major liver pathologies affecting patients worldwide. It results from an improper tissue repair process following liver injury or inflammation. If left untreated, it ultimately leads to liver cirrhosis and liver failure. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in a wide variety of diseases. They can regulate gene expression and modulate signaling. Some of the lncRNAs promote, while others inhibit liver fibrosis. Similarly, other epigenetic processes, such as methylation and acetylation regulate gene transcription and can modulate gene expression. Notably, there are several regulatory associations of lncRNAs with other epigenetic processes. A major mechanism of action of long non‑coding RNAs is to competitively bind to their target microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), which in turn affects miRNA availability and bioactivity. In the present review, the role of lncRNAs and related epigenetic processes contributing to liver fibrosis is discussed. Finally, various potential therapeutic approaches targeting lncRNAs and related epigenetic processes, which are being considered as possible future treatment targets for liver fibrosis are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Ganguly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Subrata Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu X, Zhang Y, Shen L, He Z, Chen Y, Li N, Zhang X, Zhang T, Gao S, Yue H, Li Z, Yu Z. LncRNA Meg3-mediated regulation of the Smad pathway in atRA-induced cleft palate. Toxicol Lett 2021; 341:51-58. [PMID: 33493612 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Palatal mesenchymal cell proliferation is essential to the process of palatogenesis, and the proliferation of mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal (MEPM) cells is impacted by both all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 has been shown to activate TGF-β/Smad signaling and to thereby regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and related processes. Herein, we found that atRA treatment (100 mg/kg) promoted Meg3 upregulation in MEPM cells, and that such upregulation was linked to the suppression of MEPM cell proliferation in the context of secondary palate fusion on gestational day (GD) 13 and 14. Moreover, the demethylation of specific CpG sites within the lncRNA Meg3 promoter was detected in atRA-treated MEPM cells, likely explaining the observed upregulation of this lncRNA. Smad signaling was also suppressed by atRA treatment in these cells, and RNA immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that Smad2 can directly interact with Meg3 in MEPM cells following atRA treatment. Therefore, we propose a model wherein Meg3 is involved in the suppression of MEPM cell proliferation, functioning at least in part via interacting with the Smad2 protein and thereby suppressing Smad signaling in the context of atRA-induced cleft palate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Division of Blood Vessel Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suhua Gao
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haodi Yue
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Medical College of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhang J, Ma Y, Xie D, Bao Y, Yang W, Wang H, Jiang H, Han H, Dong T. Differentially expressed lncRNAs in liver tissues of TX mice with hepatolenticular degeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1377. [PMID: 33446761 PMCID: PMC7809420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilson's Disease (WD), an ATP7B-mutated inherited disease that affects copper transport, is characterised by liver and nervous system manifestations. Long non-coding (ln-c) RNAs are widely involved in almost all physiological and pathological processes in the body, and are associated with numerous diseases. The present study aimed to elucidate the lncRNA-mRNA regulation network in a TX WD mouse model using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). lncRNA expression profiles were screened using RNA-seq and real-time polymerase chain reaction, and differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified. To analyse the biological functions and pathways for the differentially expressed mRNAs, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. A significantly correlated lncRNA-mRNA relationship pair was calculated by CNC analysis to construct differential lncRNA and mRNA co-expression networks. A total of 2564 significantly up-regulated and 1052 down-regulated lncRNAs, and 1576 up-regulated and 297 down-regulated mRNAs, were identified. These genes were found to be associated with key processes such as apoptosis, and KEGG analysis revealed enrichment in the drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 pathway, PPAR signalling pathway, Notch signalling pathway, and MAPK signalling pathway. The identified differential lncRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis and development of WD liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Encephalopathy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Ma
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 1 Qianjiang Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Daojun Xie
- Encephalopathy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuancheng Bao
- Encephalopathy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Encephalopathy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Encephalopathy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaizhou Jiang
- Basic Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 1 Qianjiang Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Han
- Encephalopathy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Dong
- Encephalopathy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xia T, Giri BR, Liu J, Du P, Li X, Li X, Li S, Cheng G. RNA sequencing analysis of altered expression of long noncoding RNAs associated with Schistosoma japonicum infection in the murine liver and spleen. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:601. [PMID: 33261628 PMCID: PMC7705434 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a chronic, debilitating infectious disease caused by members of the genus Schistosoma. Previous findings have suggested a relationship between infection with Schistosoma spp. and alterations in the liver and spleen of infected animals. Recent reports have shown the regulatory role of noncoding RNAs, such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), in different biological processes. However, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in the mouse liver and spleen during Schistosoma japonicum infection. METHODS In this study, we identified and investigated lncRNAs using standard RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). The biological functions of the altered expression of lncRNAs and their target genes were predicted using bioinformatics. Ten dysregulated lncRNAs were selected randomly and validated in reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) experiments. RESULTS Our study identified 29,845 and 33,788 lncRNAs from the liver and spleen, respectively, of which 212 were novel lncRNAs. We observed that 759 and 789 of the lncRNAs were differentially expressed in the respective organs. The RT-qPCR results correlated well with the sequencing data. In the liver, 657 differentially expressed lncRNAs were predicted to target 2548 protein-coding genes, whereas in the spleen 660 differentially expressed lncRNAs were predicted to target 2673 protein-coding genes. Moreover, functional annotation showed that the target genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with cellular processes, metabolic processes, and binding, and were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, the cell cycle, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and pathways in cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that numerous lncRNAs were differentially expressed in S. japonicum-infected liver and spleen compared to control liver and spleen; this suggested that lncRNAs may be involved in pathogenesis in the liver and spleen during S. japonicum infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Xia
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Bikash Ranjan Giri
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Du
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuxin Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China. .,Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Si-ping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jiang X, Wang L, Xie S, Chen Y, Song S, Lu Y, Lu D. Long noncoding RNA MEG3 blocks telomerase activity in human liver cancer stem cells epigenetically. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:518. [PMID: 33256840 PMCID: PMC7706068 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MEG3 downregulated the expression in several tumors and inhibits human tumorigenesis. But so far, the mechanism of MEG3 in tumorigenesis is still unclear. METHODS In gene infection, cellular and molecular technologies and tumorigenesis test in vitro and in vivo were performed, respectively. RESULTS Our results indicate that MEG3 enhances the P53 expression by triggering the loading of P300 and RNA polymerase II onto its promoter regions dependent on HP1α. Moreover, MEG3 increases the methylation modification of histone H3 at the 27th lysine via P53. Furthermore, MEG3 inhibits the expression of TERT by increasing the H3K27me3 in TERT promoter regions, thereby inhibiting the activity of telomerase by reducing the binding of TERT to TERC. Furthermore, MEG3 also increases the expression of TERRA; therefore, the interaction between TERC and TERT was competitively attenuated by increasing the interaction between TERRA and TERT, which inhibits the activity of telomerase in hLCSCs. Strikingly, MEG3 reduces the length of telomere by blocking the formation of complex maintaining telomere length (POT1-Exo1-TRF2-SNM1B) and decreasing the binding of the complex to telomere by increasing the interplay between P53 and HULC. Ultimately, MEG3 inhibits the growth of hLCSCs by reducing the activity of telomerase and attenuating telomeric repeat binding factor 2(TRF2). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrates MEG3 inhibits the occurrence of human liver cancer by blocking telomere, and these findings provide an important insight into the prevention and treatment of human liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Jiang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Sijie Xie
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuting Song
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen R, Lei S, Jiang T, She Y, Shi H. Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Cachexia by MicroRNAs and Long Non-coding RNAs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:577010. [PMID: 33043011 PMCID: PMC7523183 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.577010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common complication of cachexia, characterized by progressive bodyweight loss and decreased muscle strength, and it significantly increases the risks of morbidity and mortality in the population with atrophy. Numerous complications associated with decreased muscle function can activate catabolism, reduce anabolism, and impair muscle regeneration, leading to muscle wasting. microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), types of non-coding RNAs, are important for regulation of skeletal muscle development. Few studies have specifically identified the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in cellular or animal models of muscular atrophy during cachexia, and the pathogenesis of skeletal muscle wasting in cachexia is not entirely understood. To develop potential approaches to improve skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, a more comprehensive understanding of the known key pathophysiological processes leading to muscular atrophy is needed. In this review, we summarize the known miRNAs, lncRNAs, and corresponding signaling pathways involved in regulating skeletal muscle atrophy in cachexia and other diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the functions and mechanisms of miRNAs and lncRNAs during skeletal muscle wasting in cachexia and other diseases will, therefore, promote therapeutic treatments for muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Lei
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling She
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huacai Shi
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rohilla S, Awasthi A, Kaur S, Puria R. Evolutionary conservation of long non-coding RNAs in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Life Sci 2020; 264:118560. [PMID: 33045214 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of conditions ranging from hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH) to fibrosis in the absence of alcohol consumption. Its pathogenesis involves both genetic and environmental factors with a multitude of underlying molecular mechanisms and mediators at each stage. Recent transcriptomic-based studies have led to the identification and association of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with disease pathology in NAFLD patients and in vivo rodent models. However, the knowledge of function of most of the lncRNAs in NAFLD pathology remains obscure. In the current review, we give a comprehensive catalogue of well reported lncRNAs in NAFLD and classify them using sequence and synteny-based evolutionary conservation across rodents, nonhuman primate and human species. The conserved lncRNAs across all the three species may be dissected in larger clinical studies of NAFLD and can be explored as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In addition, we also review and analyse single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these lncRNAs. It adds another facet to the regulatory role of NAFLD-associated lncRNAs and underscores the significance of a novel genetic landscape of non-coding genome in determining the genetic susceptibility of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Savneet Kaur
- Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rekha Puria
- Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Our emerging understanding of the roles of long non-coding RNAs in normal liver function, disease, and malignancy. JHEP Rep 2020; 3:100177. [PMID: 33294829 PMCID: PMC7689550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important biological mediators that regulate numerous cellular processes. New experimental evidence suggests that lncRNAs play essential roles in liver development, normal liver physiology, fibrosis, and malignancy, including hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. In this review, we summarise our current understanding of the function of lncRNAs in the liver in both health and disease, as well as discuss approaches that could be used to target these non-coding transcripts for therapeutic purposes.
Collapse
Key Words
- ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1
- ACTA2/ɑ-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
- APO, apolipoprotein
- ASO, antisense oligonucleotides
- BDL, bile duct ligation
- CCA, cholangiocarcinoma
- CCl4, carbon tetrachloride
- COL1A1, collagen type I α 1
- CYP, cytochrome P450
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- DANCR, differentiation antagonising non-protein coding RNA
- DE, definitive endoderm
- DEANR1, definitive endoderm-associated lncRNA1
- DIGIT, divergent to goosecoid, induced by TGF-β family signalling
- DILC, downregulated in liver cancer stem cells
- EST, expression sequence tag
- EpCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule
- FBP1, fructose-bisphosphatase 1
- FENDRR, foetal-lethal non-coding developmental regulatory RNA
- FXR, farnesoid X receptor
- GAS5, growth arrest-specific transcript 5
- H3K18ac, histone 3 lysine 18 acetylation
- H3K36me3, histone 3 lysine 36 trimethylation
- H3K4me3, histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HEIH, high expression In HCC
- HNRNPA1, heterogenous nuclear protein ribonucleoprotein A1
- HOTAIR, HOX transcript antisense RNA
- HOTTIP, HOXA transcript at the distal tip
- HSC, hepatic stellate cells
- HULC, highly upregulated in liver cancer
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- HuR, human antigen R
- LCSC, liver cancer stem cell
- LSD1, lysine-specific demethylase 1
- LXR, liver X receptors
- LeXis, liver-expressed LXR-induced sequence
- Liver cancer
- Liver fibrosis
- Liver metabolism
- Liver-specific lncRNAs
- LncLSTR, lncRNA liver-specific triglyceride regulator
- MALAT1, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1
- MEG3, maternally expressed gene 3
- NAT, natural antisense transcript
- NEAT1, nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1
- ORF, open reading frame
- PKM2, pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme M2
- PPAR-α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α
- PRC, polycomb repressive complex
- RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends
- RNA Pol, RNA polymerase
- S6K1, S6 kinase 1
- SHP, small heterodimer partner
- SREBPs, steroid response binding proteins
- SREs, sterol response elements
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TTR, transthyretin
- XIST, X-inactive specific transcript
- ZEB1, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1
- ceRNA, competing endogenous RNA
- eRNA, enhancer RNAs
- lincRNA, long intervening non-coding RNA
- lncRNA
- lncRNA, long non-coding RNA
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
Collapse
|
35
|
Khalifa O, Errafii K, Al-Akl NS, Arredouani A. Noncoding RNAs in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Potential Diagnosis and Prognosis Biomarkers. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8822859. [PMID: 33133304 PMCID: PMC7593715 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8822859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease worldwide in part due to the concomitant obesity pandemic and insulin resistance (IR). It is increasingly becoming evident that NAFLD is a disease affecting numerous extrahepatic vital organs and regulatory pathways. The molecular mechanisms underlying the nonalcoholic steatosis formation are poorly understood, and little information is available on the pathways that are responsible for the progressive hepatocellular damage that follows lipid accumulation. Recently, much research has focused on the identification of the epigenetic modifications that contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are one of such epigenetic factors that could be implicated in the NAFLD development and progression. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the genetic and epigenetic factors potentially underlying the disease. Particular emphasis will be put on the contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) to the pathophysiology of NAFLD as well as their potential use as therapeutic targets or as markers for the prediction and the progression of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Khalifa
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nayla S. Al-Akl
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Riaz F, Li D. Non-coding RNA Associated Competitive Endogenous RNA Regulatory Network: Novel Therapeutic Approach in Liver Fibrosis. Curr Gene Ther 2020; 19:305-317. [PMID: 31696817 DOI: 10.2174/1566523219666191107113046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis or scarring is the most common pathological feature caused by chronic liver injury, and is widely considered one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality. It is primarily characterised by hepatic stellate cells (HSC) activation and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition. Overwhelming evidence suggests that the dysregulation of several noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) contributes to the activation of HSC and progression of liver fibrosis. These ncRNAs not only bind to their target genes for the development and regression of liver fibrosis but also act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by sponging with miRNAs to form signaling cascades. Among these signaling cascades, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA are critical modulators for the initiation, progression, and regression of liver fibrosis. Thus, targeting these interacting ncRNA cascades can serve as a novel and potential therapeutic target for inhibition of HSC activation and prevention and regression of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Riaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Dongmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
De Vincentis A, Rahmani Z, Muley M, Vespasiani-Gentilucci U, Ruggiero S, Zamani P, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Long noncoding RNAs in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis: state-of-the-art and perspectives in diagnosis and treatment. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1277-1286. [PMID: 32439605 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) significantly impacts global health. Despite considerable research, its pathophysiology remains partially unclear. In addition, selective serum biomarkers of disease diagnosis and progression are missing. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of ncRNAs with crucial roles in biological processes underlying the pathophysiology of different human diseases. Recent studies have shown that lncRNA could be associated with the genesis and progression of NAFLD towards the most severe forms. Although the field is still in its infancy, it is tempting to speculate that these transcripts could be used as both diagnostic and therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize recent findings on lncRNAs in the complex research field of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio De Vincentis
- Clinical Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Zahra Rahmani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Moises Muley
- Clinical Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci
- Clinical Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Ruggiero
- Clinical Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Parvin Zamani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chiabotto G, Camussi G, Bruno S. Role of ncRNAs in modulation of liver fibrosis by extracellular vesicles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41544-020-00050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane vesicles carrying bioactive lipids, proteins and nucleic acids of the cell of origin. In particular, EVs carry non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and the vesicle membrane may protect them from degradation. Once released within the extracellular space, EVs can transfer their cargo, including ncRNAs, to neighboring or distant cells, thus inducing phenotypical and functional changes that may be relevant in several physio-pathological conditions. This review provides an overview of the role of EV-carried ncRNAs in the modulation of liver fibrosis. In particular, we focused on EV-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved into the development of liver fibrosis and on the potential use of EV-associated ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
39
|
Huang F, Liu H, Lei Z, Li Z, Zhang T, Yang M, Zhou K, Sun C. Long noncoding RNA CCAT1 inhibits miR-613 to promote nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via increasing LXRα transcription. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9819-9833. [PMID: 32413192 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is regarded as a threat to public health; however, the pathologic mechanism of NAFLD is not fully understood. We attempted to identify abnormally expressed long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) and messenger RNA that may affect the occurrence and development of NAFLD in this study. The expression of differentially expressed lncRNAs in NAFLD was determined in oleic acid (OA)-treated L02 cells, and the functions of CCAT1 in lipid droplet formation were evaluated in vitro. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by microarray analysis, and DEGs related to CCTA1 were selected and verified by weighted correlation network analysis. The dynamic effects of LXRα and CCTA1 on lipid droplet formation and predicted binding was examined. The binding between miR-631 and CCAT1 and LXRα was verified. The dynamic effects of miR-613 inhibition and CCTA1 silencing on lipid droplet formation were examined. The expression and correlations of miR-631, CCAT1, and LXRα were determined in tissue samples. As the results show, CCAT1 was induced by OA and upregulated in NAFLD clinical samples. CCAT1 silencing significantly suppressed lipid droplet accumulation in vitro. LXRα was positively correlated with CCAT1. By inhibiting miR-613, CCAT1 increased the transcription of LXRα and promoted LXRα expression. The expression of LXRα was significantly increased in NAFLD tissues and was positively correlated with CCAT1. In conclusion, CCAT1 increases LXRα transcription by serving as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-613 in an LXRE-dependent manner, thereby promoting lipid droplet formation and NAFLD. CCAT1 and LXRα might be potent targets for NAFLD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feizhou Huang
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huaizheng Liu
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Lei
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenzhou Li
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingshi Yang
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kefu Zhou
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuanzheng Sun
- Emergency Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
LncRNAs Act as a Link between Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082883. [PMID: 32326098 PMCID: PMC7216144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important contributors to the biological processes underlying the pathophysiology of various human diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the involvement of these molecules in chronic liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and viral hepatitis, has only recently been considered in scientific research. While extensive studies on the pathogenesis of the development of HCC from hepatic fibrosis have been conducted, their regulatory molecular mechanisms are still only partially understood. The underlying mechanisms related to lncRNAs leading to HCC from chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis have not yet been entirely elucidated. Therefore, elucidating the functional roles of lncRNAs in chronic liver disease and HCC can contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms, and may help in developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC, as well as in preventing the progression of chronic liver disease to HCC. Here, we comprehensively review and briefly summarize some lncRNAs that participate in both hepatic fibrosis and HCC.
Collapse
|
41
|
He Z, Yang D, Fan X, Zhang M, Li Y, Gu X, Yang M. The Roles and Mechanisms of lncRNAs in Liver Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041482. [PMID: 32098245 PMCID: PMC7073061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have revealed that circulating long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene and protein expression in the process of hepatic fibrosis. Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound healing response followed by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. In the development of liver fibrosis, some lncRNAs regulate diverse cellular processes by acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and binding proteins. Previous investigations demonstrated that overexpression of lncRNAs such as H19, maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), Gm5091, NR_002155.1, and HIF 1alpha-antisense RNA 1 (HIF1A-AS1) can inhibit the progression of liver fibrosis. Furthermore, the upregulation of several lncRNAs [e.g., nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), hox transcript antisense RNA (Hotair), and liver-enriched fibrosis-associated lncRNA1 (lnc-LFAR1)] has been reported to promote liver fibrosis. This review will focus on the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs, the lncRNA transcriptome profile of liver fibrosis, and the main lncRNAs involved in the signalling pathways that regulate hepatic fibrosis. This review provides insight into the screening of therapeutic and diagnostic markers of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Deying Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (M.Y.); Tel.: +86-159-2848 7973 (M.Y.)
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Mingyao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Z.H.); (X.F.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (D.Y.); (M.Y.); Tel.: +86-159-2848 7973 (M.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sato K, Glaser S, Francis H, Alpini G. Concise Review: Functional Roles and Therapeutic Potentials of Long Non-coding RNAs in Cholangiopathies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:48. [PMID: 32154257 PMCID: PMC7045865 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs with lengths exceeding 200 nucleotides that are not translated into proteins. It is well-known that small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate gene expression and play an important role in cholangiopathies. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs may also play a key role in the pathophysiology of cholangiopathies. Patients with cholangiopathies often develop cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), which is cholangiocyte-derived cancer, in the later stage. Cholangiocytes are a primary target of therapies for cholangiopathies and CCA development. Previous studies have demonstrated that expression levels of lncRNAs are altered in the liver of cholangiopathies or CCA tissues. Some lncRNAs regulate gene expression by inhibiting functions of miRNAs leading to diseased liver conditions or CCA progression, suggesting that lncRNAs could be a novel therapeutic target for those disorders. This review summarizes current understandings of functional roles of lncRNAs in cholangiopathies and seek their potentials for novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisaku Sato
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Shannon Glaser
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen R, Lei S, Jiang T, Zeng J, Zhou S, She Y. Roles of lncRNAs and circRNAs in regulating skeletal muscle development. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13356. [PMID: 31365949 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The multistep biological process of myogenesis is regulated by a variety of myoblast regulators, such as myogenic differentiation antigen, myogenin, myogenic regulatory factor, myocyte enhancer factor2A-D and myosin heavy chain. Proliferation and differentiation during skeletal muscle myogenesis contribute to the physiological function of muscles. Certain non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are involved in the regulation of muscle development, and the aberrant expressions of lncRNAs and circRNAs are associated with muscular diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent advances concerning the roles of lncRNAs and circRNAs in regulating the developmental aspects of myogenesis. These findings have remarkably broadened our understanding of the gene regulation mechanisms governing muscle proliferation and differentiation, which makes it more feasible to design novel preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for muscle disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Guangzhou China
| | - Si Lei
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Guangzhou China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shanyao Zhou
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Guangzhou China
| | - Yanling She
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tao S, Zhou T, Saelao P, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Li T, Zhou H, Wang J. Intrauterine Growth Restriction Alters the Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiles in Small Intestine, Liver and Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Newborn Piglets. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:713-726. [PMID: 30678618 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190124165243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a major problem in swine production since the associated low birth weight leads to high rates of pre-weaning morbidity and mortality, and permanent retardation of growth and development. The underlying regulatory mechanisms from the aspects of epigenetic modification has received widespread attention. Studies explore the changes in genome wide methylation in small intestine (SI), liver and longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) between IUGR and normal birth weight (NBW) newborn piglets using a methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (MeDIP-Seq) approach. The data demonstrated that methylated peaks were prominently distributed in distal intergenic regions and the quantities of peaks in IUGR piglets were more than that of NBW piglets. IUGR piglets had relatively high methylated level in promoters, introns and coding exons in all the three tissues. Through KEGG pathway analysis of differentially methylated genes found that 33, 54 and 5 differentially methylated genes in small intestine, liver and longissimus dorsi muscle between NBW and IUGR piglets, respectively, which are related to development and differentiation, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein turnover, immune response, detoxification, oxidative stress and apoptosis pathway. The objective of this review is to assess the impact of differentially methylation status on developmental delay, metabolic disorders and immune deficiency of IUGR piglets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Perot Saelao
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Yuhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huaijun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mohamed DI, Khairy E, Khedr SA, Habib EK, Elayat WM, El-Kharashi OA. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) alleviates the peripheral neuropathy associated with liver cirrhosis via modulation of neural MEG3/PAR2/ NF-ҡB axis. Neurochem Int 2019; 132:104602. [PMID: 31751619 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Oxidative stress (OS) is accused in pathogenesis of many diseases, including liver cirrhosis by many mechanisms. One of them is the disturbance of long non coding maternally expressed 3 (MEG3)/protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2) downstream pathway. We aimed to investigate the role of this axis in cirrhotic neuropathy and whether an antioxidant compound such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could improve the peripheral nerve function through repression of MEG3/PAR2. METHODS Thirty Wistar rats were used and divided into 5 groups; naive, thiacetamide (TAA) (200 mg/kg 3 times/week. i.p. for 8 weeks) and TAA+NAC (50 or 100 or 200 mg/kg/day) groups. Von Frey (VF) test for mechanical nociceptive responses, hepatic& neural MEG3, NF-ҡB and neural PAR2 expression by PCR, histological studies for liver and sciatic nerve together with the dorsopedal skin thickness were done. RESULTS TAA induced significant decrease in liver function, negative VF test, an increase in the expression of hepatic& neural MEG3, NF-ҡB and neural PAR2. The histological studies showed cirrhotic changes with atrophy of the sciatic nerve and the dorsal skin. NAC improved the liver function together with reversal of the neural: functional, biochemical and histological changes in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS NAC could improve the peripheral neuropathy in cirrhotic rat through suppression of MEG3/PAR2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doaa I Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman Khairy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sara A Khedr
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman K Habib
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Wael M Elayat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Omnyah A El-Kharashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Luo JZ, Qin L, Zhang LJ. Expression and function of long non-coding RNA LINC01420 in thyroid cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:399-405. [PMID: 31897152 PMCID: PMC6924109 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Genome Project revealed that >90% of the human genome was found to transcribe non-coding RNAs, including micro RNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). lncRNAs have been identified to play a crucial role in cancer progression. Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common type of endocrine cancer; however, the functional roles of lncRNAs in TC have yet to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated whether LINC01420 was upregulated in TC tissues, compared with normal thyroid tissues, and the results suggested that LINC01420 may play a regulatory role in TC. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that LINC01420 was associated with translation, rRNA processing, mRNA splicing, regulation of transcription, DNA repair and double-strand break repair. Furthermore, the exact role of LINC01420 in TC was explored by performing a loss-of-function assay, which revealed that the knockdown of LINC01420 inhibited TC cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. The findings of the present study provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying TC development. Moreover, they suggest that LINC01420 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of TC, and that increased LINC01420 expression levels show potential as a prognostic marker for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhu Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Lu Qin
- Department of Thyroid Vascular Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xie T, Wang Y, Deng N, Huang G, Taghavifar F, Geng Y, Liu N, Kulur V, Yao C, Chen P, Liu Z, Stripp B, Tang J, Liang J, Noble PW, Jiang D. Single-Cell Deconvolution of Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Mouse Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cell Rep 2019; 22:3625-3640. [PMID: 29590628 PMCID: PMC5908225 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast heterogeneity has long been recognized in mouse and human lungs, homeostasis, and disease states. However, there is no common consensus on fibroblast subtypes, lineages, biological properties, signaling, and plasticity, which severely hampers our understanding of the mechanisms of fibrosis. To comprehensively classify fibroblast populations in the lung using an unbiased approach, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed with mesenchymal preparations from either uninjured or bleomycin-treated mouse lungs. Single-cell transcriptome analyses classified and defined six mesenchymal cell types in normal lung and seven in fibrotic lung. Furthermore, delineation of their differentiation trajectory was achieved by a machine learning method. This collection of single-cell transcriptomes and the distinct classification of fibroblast subsets provide a new resource for understanding the fibroblast landscape and the roles of fibroblasts in fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Genomics Core, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Nan Deng
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Guanling Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Forough Taghavifar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ningshan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Vrishika Kulur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Changfu Yao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Zhengqiu Liu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Barry Stripp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jie Tang
- Genomics Core, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jiurong Liang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Paul W Noble
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Penke LR, Peters-Golden M. Molecular determinants of mesenchymal cell activation in fibroproliferative diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4179-4201. [PMID: 31563998 PMCID: PMC6858579 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled scarring, or fibrosis, can interfere with the normal function of virtually all tissues of the body, ultimately leading to organ failure and death. Fibrotic diseases represent a major cause of death in industrialized countries. Unfortunately, no curative treatments for these conditions are yet available, highlighting the critical need for a better fundamental understanding of molecular mechanisms that may be therapeutically tractable. The ultimate indispensable effector cells responsible for deposition of extracellular matrix proteins that comprise scars are mesenchymal cells, namely fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. In this review, we focus on the biology of these cells and the molecular mechanisms that regulate their pertinent functions. We discuss key pro-fibrotic mediators, signaling pathways, and transcription factors that dictate their activation and persistence. Because of their possible clinical and therapeutic relevance, we also consider potential brakes on mesenchymal cell activation and cellular processes that may facilitate myofibroblast clearance from fibrotic tissue-topics that have in general been understudied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loka R Penke
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 6301 MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5642, USA
| | - Marc Peters-Golden
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 6301 MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5642, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) that disrupts and replaces functional parenchyma, which leads to organ failure. It is known as the major pathological mechanism of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although CKD has an impact on no less than 10% of the world population, therapeutic options are still limited. Regardless of etiology, elevated TGF-β levels are highly correlated with the activated pro-fibrotic pathways and disease progression. TGF-β, the key driver of renal fibrosis, is involved in a dynamic pathophysiological process that leads to CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It is becoming clear that epigenetics regulates renal programming, and therefore, the development and progression of renal disease. Indeed, recent evidence shows TGF-β1/Smad signaling regulates renal fibrosis via epigenetic-correlated mechanisms. This review focuses on the function of TGF-β/Smads in renal fibrogenesis, and the role of epigenetics as a regulator of pro-fibrotic gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Tao Ma
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Xue R, Li Y, Li X, Ma J, An C, Ma Z. miR-185 affected the EMT, cell viability, and proliferation via DNMT1/MEG3 pathway in TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1152-1162. [PMID: 30095214 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is usually the final manifestation of a wide variety of renal diseases. Recent years, research reported that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) played important roles in a variety of human diseases. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in kidney fibrosis were complicated and largely unclear. In our study, we constructed the cell model of renal fibrosis in HK2 cells using transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and found that lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) was downregulated in TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis. We then found that overexpressed MEG3 inhibited the TGF-β1-induced promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell viability, and proliferation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DNA methyltransferases 1 (DNMT1) regulated the MEG3 expression by altering the CpGs methylation level of MEG3 promoter in TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis. In addition, we further revealed that miR-185 could regulate the DNMT1 expression and thus, modulate the MEG3 in TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis. Ultimately, our study illustrated that the modulation of the miR-185/ DNMT1/ MEG3 pathway exerted important roles in TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis. In summary, our finding displayed a novel regulatory mechanism for TGF-β1-induced renal fibrosis, which provided a new potential therapeutic target for renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000, China
| | - Yingping Li
- Department of Nephrology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Nephrology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000, China
| | - Jingang Ma
- Institute for Drug and Instrument Control of LanZhou Military Command, 730000, China
| | - Caiping An
- Department of Nephrology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000, China
| | - Zhigang Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|