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Khatoon S, Das N, Chattopadhyay S, Joharapurkar A, Singh A, Patel V, Nirwan A, Kumar A, Mugale MN, Mishra DP, Kumaravelu J, Guha R, Jain MR, Chattopadhyay N, Sanyal S. Apigenin-6-C-glucoside ameliorates MASLD in rodent models via selective agonism of adiponectin receptor 2. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176800. [PMID: 38950835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Adiponectin plays key roles in energy metabolism and ameliorates inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction via its primary receptors, adiponectin receptors -1 and 2 (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). Systemic depletion of adiponectin causes various metabolic disorders, including MASLD; however adiponectin supplementation is not yet achievable owing to its large size and oligomerization-associated complexities. Small-molecule AdipoR agonists, thus, may provide viable therapeutic options against metabolic disorders. Using a novel luciferase reporter-based assay here, we have identified Apigenin-6-C-glucoside (ACG), but not apigenin, as a specific agonist for the liver-rich AdipoR isoform, AdipoR2 (EC50: 384 pM) with >10000X preference over AdipoR1. Immunoblot analysis in HEK-293 overexpressing AdipoR2 or HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 liver cell lines revealed rapid AMPK, p38 activation and induction of typical AdipoR targets PGC-1α and PPARα by ACG at a pharmacologically relevant concentration of 100 nM (reported cMax in mouse; 297 nM). ACG-mediated AdipoR2 activation culminated in a favorable modulation of key metabolic events, including decreased inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, de novo lipogenesis, and increased fatty acid β-oxidation as determined by immunoblotting, QRT-PCR and extracellular flux analysis. AdipoR2 depletion or AMPK/p38 inhibition dampened these effects. The in vitro results were recapitulated in two different murine models of MASLD, where ACG at 10 mg/kg body weight robustly reduced hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, proinflammatory macrophage numbers, and increased hepatic glycogen content. Together, using in vitro experiments and rodent models, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept for AdipoR2 as a therapeutic target for MASLD and provide novel chemicobiological insights for the generation of translation-worthy pharmacological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamima Khatoon
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Nabanita Das
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Abhinav Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Vishal Patel
- Zydus Research Center, Moraiya, Ahmedabad, 382213, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Nirwan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Jagavelu Kumaravelu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Rajdeep Guha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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2
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Rajput S, Kulkarni C, Sharma S, Tomar MS, Khatoon S, Gupta A, Sanyal S, Shrivastava A, Ghosh JK, Chattopadhyay N. Osteogenic effect of an adiponectin-derived short peptide that rebalances bone remodeling: a potential disease-modifying approach for postmenopausal osteoporosis therapy. Arch Pharm Res 2024:10.1007/s12272-024-01509-x. [PMID: 39073743 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-024-01509-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipokine, regulates metabolic processes, including glucose flux, lipid breakdown, and insulin response, by activating adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). We have previously shown that globular adiponectin (gAd), an endogenous form of adiponectin, has osteoanabolic and anti-catabolic effects in rodent models of postmenopausal osteopenia. Moreover, we reported the identification of a 13-mer peptide (ADP-1) from the collagen domain of adiponectin, which exhibited significant adiponectin-mimetic properties. Since the clinical development of gAd is constrained by its large size, here, we investigated the osteogenic property of ADP-1. ADP-1 induced osteoblast differentiation more potently than gAd. ADP-1 elicited osteoblast differentiation through two downstream pathways that involved the participation of adiponectin receptors. Firstly, it enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and OxPhos, leading to osteoblast differentiation. Secondly, it activated the Akt-glycogen synthase kinase 3β-Wnt pathway, thereby increasing osteoblast differentiation. Additionally, ADP-1 suppressed the production of receptor-activator of nuclear kappa B ligand from osteoblasts, enabling it to act as a dual-action molecule (suppressing osteoclast function besides promoting osteoblast function). In osteopenic ovariectomized rats, ADP-1 increased bone mass and strength and improved trabecular integrity by stimulating bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. Furthermore, by increasing ATP-producing intermediates within the tricarboxylic acid cycle in bones, ADP-1 likely fueled osteoblast function. Given its dual-action mechanism and high potency, ADP-1 offers a unique opportunity to address the unmet clinical need to reset the aberrant bone remodeling in osteoporosis to normalcy, potentially offering a disease-modifying impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Rajput
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Manendra Singh Tomar
- Centre for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shamima Khatoon
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Arvind Gupta
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sabyasachi Sanyal
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Centre for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Jimut Kanti Ghosh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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3
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Danielewski M, Rapak A, Kruszyńska A, Małodobra-Mazur M, Oleszkiewicz P, Dzimira S, Kucharska AZ, Słupski W, Matuszewska A, Nowak B, Szeląg A, Piórecki N, Zaleska-Dorobisz U, Sozański T. Cornelian Cherry ( Cornus mas L.) Fruit Extract Lowers SREBP-1c and C/EBPα in Liver and Alters Various PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, LXR-α Target Genes in Cholesterol-Rich Diet Rabbit Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1199. [PMID: 38256272 PMCID: PMC10816641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits, abundant in iridoids and anthocyanins, are natural products with proven beneficial impacts on the functions of the cardiovascular system and the liver. This study aims to assess and compare whether and to what extent two different doses of resin-purified cornelian cherry extract (10 mg/kg b.w. or 50 mg/kg b.w.) applied in a cholesterol-rich diet rabbit model affect the levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and various liver X receptor-α (LXR-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) target genes. Moreover, the aim is to evaluate the resistive index (RI) of common carotid arteries (CCAs) and aortas, and histopathological changes in CCAs. For this purpose, the levels of SREBP-1c, C/EBPα, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), endothelial lipase (LIPG), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), and adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) in liver tissue were measured. Also, the levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (Vaspin), and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in visceral adipose tissue were measured. The RI of CCAs and aortas, and histopathological changes in CCAs, were indicated. The oral administration of the cornelian cherry extract decreased the SREBP-1c and C/EBPα in both doses. The dose of 10 mg/kg b.w. increased ABCA1 and decreased FAS, CPT1A, and RBP4, and the dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. enhanced ABCG1 and AdipoR2. Mitigations in atheromatous changes in rabbits' CCAs were also observed. The obtained outcomes were compared to the results of our previous works. The beneficial results confirm that cornelian cherry fruit extract may constitute a potentially effective product in the prevention and treatment of obesity-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Danielewski
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.S.); (A.M.); (B.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrzej Rapak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Angelika Kruszyńska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Division of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Paweł Oleszkiewicz
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Diagnostics II, Lower Silesian Center of Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology, Grabiszynska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Stanisław Dzimira
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Alicja Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable, and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, J. Chelmonskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Słupski
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.S.); (A.M.); (B.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Matuszewska
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.S.); (A.M.); (B.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Beata Nowak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.S.); (A.M.); (B.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Adam Szeląg
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (W.S.); (A.M.); (B.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Narcyz Piórecki
- Bolestraszyce Arboretum and Institute of Physiography, Bolestraszyce 130, 37-722 Wyszatyce, Poland;
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszow, Cicha 2A, 35-326 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Urszula Zaleska-Dorobisz
- Department of General and Pediatric Radiology, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 50/52, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sozański
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Pharmacology and Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Sun H, Kemper JK. MicroRNA regulation of AMPK in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1974-1981. [PMID: 37653034 PMCID: PMC10545736 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and is the leading cause of liver failure and death. The function of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master energy sensor, is aberrantly reduced in NAFLD, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Increasing evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRs) are associated with impaired AMPK function in obesity and NAFLD. In this review, we discuss the emerging evidence that miRs have a role in reducing AMPK activity in NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of NAFLD. We also discuss the underlying mechanisms of the aberrant expression of miRs that can negatively impact AMPK, as well as the therapeutic potential of targeting the miR-AMPK pathway for NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jongsook Kim Kemper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Luo K, Chen Y, Fang S, Wang S, Wu Z, Li H. Study on inflammation and fibrogenesis in MAFLD from 2000 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1231520. [PMID: 37720529 PMCID: PMC10500306 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1231520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and fibrosis are significant factors in the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of publications on inflammation and fibrogenesis in MAFLD, with a focus on reporting publication trends. Our findings indicate that the USA and China are the most productive countries in the field, with the University of California San Diego being the most productive institution. Over the past 23 years, Prof. Diehl AM has published 25 articles that significantly contributed to the research community. Notably, the research focus of the field has shifted from morbid obesity and adiponectin to metabolic syndrome, genetics, and microbiome. Our study provides a comprehensive and objective summary of the historical characteristics of research on inflammation and fibrogenesis in MAFLD, which will be of interest to scientific researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuanhong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuzheng Fang
- College of Art and Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Drapkina OM, Elkina AY, Sheptulina AF, Kiselev AR. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Bone Tissue Metabolism: Current Findings and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098445. [PMID: 37176153 PMCID: PMC10178980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is reaching epidemic proportions worldwide. Moreover, the prevalence of this liver disease is expected to increase rapidly in the near future, aligning with the rise in obesity and the aging of the population. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is considered to be complex and to include the interaction between genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, and environmental factors. It is now well documented that NAFLD is linked to the other conditions common to insulin resistance, such as abnormal lipid levels, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, it is considered that the insulin resistance may be one of the main mechanisms determining the disturbances in both bone tissue metabolism and skeletal muscles quality and functions in patients with NAFLD. To date, the association between NAFLD and osteoporosis has been described in several studies, though it worth noting that most of them included postmenopausal women or elderly patients and originated from Asia. However, taking into account the health and economic burdens of NAFLD, and the increasing prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents worldwide, further investigation of the relationship between osteopenia, osteoporosis and sarcopenia in NAFLD, including in young and middle-aged patients, is of great importance. In addition, this will help to justify active screening and surveillance of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with NAFLD. In this review, we will discuss various pathophysiological mechanisms and possible biologically active molecules that may interplay between NAFLD and bone tissue metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana M Drapkina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Yu Elkina
- Department of Intermediate Level Therapy, Saratov State Medical University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Anna F Sheptulina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton R Kiselev
- Coordinating Center for Fundamental Research, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
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Kim SJ, Gajbhiye A, Lyu AR, Kim TH, Shin SA, Kwon HC, Park YH, Park MJ. Sex differences in hearing impairment due to diet-induced obesity in CBA/Ca mice. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 36810096 PMCID: PMC9945383 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00493-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an independent risk factor for hearing loss. Although attention has focused on major obesity comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes, the impact of obesity on sensorineural organs, including the auditory system, is unclear. Using a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model, we investigated the impact of diet-induced obesity on sexual dimorphism in metabolic alterations and hearing sensitivity. METHODS Male and female CBA/Ca mice were randomly assigned to three diet groups and fed, from weaning (at 28 days) to 14 weeks of age, a sucrose-matched control diet (10 kcal% fat content diet), or one of two HFDs (45 or 60 kcal% fat content diets). Auditory sensitivity was evaluated based on the auditory brainstem response (ABR), distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), and ABR wave 1 amplitude at 14 weeks of age, followed by biochemical analyses. RESULTS We found significant sexual dimorphism in HFD-induced metabolic alterations and obesity-related hearing loss. Male mice exhibited greater weight gain, hyperglycemia, increased ABR thresholds at low frequencies, elevated DPOAE, and lower ABR wave 1 amplitude compared to female mice. The hair cell (HC) ribbon synapse (CtBP2) puncta showed significant sex differences. The serum concentration of adiponectin, an otoprotective adipokine, was significantly higher in female than in male mice; cochlear adiponectin levels were elevated by HFD in female but not male mice. Adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) was widely expressed in the inner ear, and cochlear AdipoR1 protein levels were increased by HFD, in female but not male mice. Stress granules (G3BP1) were significantly induced by the HFD in both sexes; conversely, inflammatory (IL-1β) responses were observed only in the male liver and cochlea, consistent with phenotype HFD-induced obesity. CONCLUSIONS Female mice are more resistant to the negative effects of an HFD on body weight, metabolism, and hearing. Females showed increased peripheral and intra-cochlear adiponectin and AdipoR1 levels, and HC ribbon synapses. These changes may mediate resistance to HFD-induced hearing loss seen in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jeong Kim
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 282 Munwha-ro, Daesa-dong, Jung-gu, 35015 Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Akanksha Gajbhiye
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Ah-Ra Lyu
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 282 Munwha-ro, Daesa-dong, Jung-gu, 35015 Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Kim
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Sun-Ae Shin
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 282 Munwha-ro, Daesa-dong, Jung-gu, 35015 Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Chan Kwon
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Park
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 282 Munwha-ro, Daesa-dong, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea. .,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
| | - Min Jung Park
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 282 Munwha-ro, Daesa-dong, Jung-gu, 35015, Daejeon, South Korea. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
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8
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Song N, Xu H, Wu S, Luo S, Xu J, Zhao Q, Wang R, Jiang X. Synergistic activation of AMPK by AdipoR1/2 agonist and inhibitor of EDPs-EBP interaction recover NAFLD through enhancing mitochondrial function in mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:542-558. [PMID: 36873175 PMCID: PMC9978995 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a common hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. However, there are no effective therapy to treat this devastating disease. Accumulating evidence suggests that the generation of elastin-derived peptides (EDPs) and the inhibition of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR)1/2 plays essential roles in hepatic lipid metabolism and liver fibrosis. We recently reported that the AdipoR1/2 dual agonist JT003 significantly degraded the extracellular matrix (ECM) and ameliorated liver fibrosis. However, the degradation of the ECM lead to the generation of EDPs, which could further alter liver homeostasis negatively. Thus, in this study, we successfully combined AdipoR1/2 agonist JT003 with V14, which acted as an inhibitor of EDPs-EBP interaction to overcome the defect of ECM degradation. We found that combination of JT003 and V14 possessed excellent synergistic benefits on ameliorating NASH and liver fibrosis than either alone since they compensate the shortage of each other. These effects are induced by the enhancement of the mitochondrial antioxidant capacity, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis via AMPK pathway. Furthermore, specific suppression of AMPK could block the effects of the combination of JT003 and V14 on reduced oxidative stress, increased mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. These positive results suggested that this administration of combination of AdipoR1/2 dual agonist and inhibitor of EDPs-EBP interaction can be recommended alternatively for an effective and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NAFLD and NASH related fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazi Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Hongjiao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Shuohan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Suijia Luo
- Shenzhen Turier Biotech. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Jingyao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.,School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xianxing Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511400, China
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9
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Wankell M, Hebbard L. Testing Cell Migration, Invasion, Proliferation, and Apoptosis in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2669:43-54. [PMID: 37247053 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3207-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The hepatic wound repair process involves cell types including healthy and injured hepatocytes, Kupffer and inflammatory cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Normally, in their quiescent state, HSCs are a reservoir for vitamin A, but in response to hepatic injury, they become activated myofibroblasts that play a key role in the hepatic fibrotic response. Activated HSCs express extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, elicit anti-apoptotic responses, and proliferate, migrate, and invade hepatic tissues to protect hepatic lobules from damage. Extended liver injury can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis, the deposition of ECM that is driven by HSCs. Here we describe in vitro assays that quantify activated HSC responses in the presence of inhibitors targeting hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Wankell
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics, Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine and Health, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Lionel Hebbard
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics, Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine and Health, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
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10
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Chen Z, Yang H, Ren Y, Yang Z, Huang J, Li C, Xiong Y, Yu B. Distinct roles of ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2: A pan-cancer analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1119534. [PMID: 36896172 PMCID: PMC9990624 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1119534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 proteins, encoded by ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 genes respectively, are the receptors of adiponectin secrected by adipose tissue. Increasing studies have identified the vital role of adipose tissue in various diseases, including cancers. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore the roles of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in cancers. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis for the roles of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 via several public databases, including expression differences, prognostic value, and the correlations with tumor microenvironment, epigenetic modification, and drug sensitivity. RESULTS Both ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 genes are dysregulated in most cancers, but their genomic alteration frequencies are low. In addition, they are also correlated with the prognosis of some cancers. Although they are not strongly correlated with tumor mutation burden (TMB) or microsatellite instability (MSI), ADIPOR1/2 genes display a significant association with cancer stemness, tumor immune microenvironment, immune checkpoint genes (especially CD274 and NRP1), and drug sensitivity. DISCUSSION ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2 play critical roles in diverse cancers, and it is a potential strategy to treat tumors through targeting ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyuan Chen
- Central Laboratory of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Orthopedics of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huiqin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunfeng Ren
- Department of Orthopedics of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ze Yang
- Department of Orthopedics of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiazheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Central Laboratory of Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Bin Yu,
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11
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Ma W, Zhang S, Li Y, Chen T, Yang Q, Feng X. Adiponectin alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver injury via regulating oxidative stress in liver cells. Minerva Med 2022; 113:990-999. [PMID: 32996726 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of adiponectin in non-alcoholic fatty liver cell model and its mechanism. METHODS The serum were collected from patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and healthy controls. Then the expression of APN in the serum was detected using APN kit. Furthermore, an in vitro model of NAFLD was established using mixed fatty acids treated HepG2 cells, and APN was highly expressed in the culture solution to a concentration of 10 μg/mL. The normal control group (Normal) was normal cells, the model group (NAFLD) was mixed fatty acids treated HepG2 cells, the experimental group (NAFLD+APN) was model cells transfected with high APN expression, and the negative control group (NAFLD+PBS) was model cells transfected with PBS. The expression of NOX2 in each group was detected by Western blot. The corresponding kit was used to detect the level of triglyceride (TG), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in each group of cells. RESULTS The expression level of APN was greatly decreased in the serum of NAFLD patients (P<0.01), and the TG content was significantly increased in HepG2 cells treated with fatty acids (P<0.001), indicating successful modeling. The cells had high expression of APN (P<0.001) showed low expression of NOX2 (P<0.001). The kit test results showed that the high expression of APN could reverse the decrease of SOD activity, the increase of MDA level, the decrease of GSH/GSSG ratio and the increase of TG content (P<0.001), all of which were restored to the modeling level after application of NOX2's activator TBCA. CONCLUSIONS APN was lowly expressed in the serum of NAFLD patients. Its effect mechanism was to alleviate the injury of NAFLD cells by reducing oxidative stress via regulating NOX2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of General Medical Science, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Tansheng Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China -
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12
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Mantovani A, Zusi C, Csermely A, Salvagno GL, Colecchia A, Lippi G, Maffeis C, Targher G. Association between lower plasma adiponectin levels and higher liver stiffness in type 2 diabetic individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an observational cross-sectional study. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:477-486. [PMID: 35831700 PMCID: PMC9464740 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00387-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Little is known about the association between plasma adiponectin levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examined whether there is an association between lower plasma adiponectin levels and the presence/severity of NAFLD in people with T2DM. METHODS We cross-sectionally recruited 79 men with non-insulin-treated T2DM and no known liver diseases, who had consecutively attended our diabetes outpatient service over a 6-month period and who underwent both ultrasonography and Fibroscan-measured liver stiffness (LSM). Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (PNPLA3 rs738409 and other genetic variants) associated with NAFLD were investigated. RESULTS Among the 79 participants included (mean age 67 ± 10 years, BMI 27.7 ± 4 kg/m2), 28 did not have NAFLD, 32 had steatosis alone, and 19 had NAFLD with coexisting significant fibrosis (LSM ≥ 7.0 kPa by Fibroscan®). Compared to those without NAFLD, patients with hepatic steatosis alone and those with hepatic steatosis and coexisting significant fibrosis had lower high-molecular-weight adiponectin levels (5.5 [IQR 2.3-7.6] vs. 2.4 [1.8-3.7] vs. 1.6 [1.0-2.9] µg/mL; p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, body mass index, insulin resistance, and the PNPLA3 rs738409 variant, lower plasma adiponectin levels were found to be associated with increased odds of both steatosis alone (adjusted-odds ratio [OR] 2.44, 95% CI 1.04-5.56, p = 0.042) and NAFLD with coexisting significant fibrosis (adjusted-OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.23-10.0, p = 0.020). Similar findings were observed after adjustment for the other eight genotyped NAFLD-related polymorphisms. CONCLUSION Lower plasma adiponectin levels are closely associated with the presence and severity of NAFLD in men with T2DM, pointing to a role of adiponectin in NAFLD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mantovani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Zusi
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Csermely
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Salvagno
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Colecchia
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia and Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
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13
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Zhang S, Lu S, Li Z. Extrahepatic factors in hepatic immune regulation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941721. [PMID: 36052075 PMCID: PMC9427192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is a site of complex immune activity. The hepatic immune system tolerates harmless immunogenic loads in homeostasis status, shelters liver function, while maintaining vigilance against possible infectious agents or tissue damage and providing immune surveillance at the same time. Activation of the hepatic immunity is initiated by a diverse repertoire of hepatic resident immune cells as well as non-hematopoietic cells, which can sense "danger signals" and trigger robust immune response. Factors that mediate the regulation of hepatic immunity are elicited not only in liver, but also in other organs, given the dual blood supply of the liver via both portal vein blood and arterial blood. Emerging evidence indicates that inter-organ crosstalk between the liver and other organs such as spleen, gut, lung, adipose tissue, and brain is involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. In this review, we present the features of hepatic immune regulation, with particular attention to the correlation with factors from extrahepatic organ. We describe the mechanisms by which other organs establish an immune association with the liver and then modulate the hepatic immune response. We discuss their roles and distinct mechanisms in liver homeostasis and pathological conditions from the cellular and molecular perspective, highlighting their potential for liver disease intervention. Moreover, we review the available animal models and methods for revealing the regulatory mechanisms of these extrahepatic factors. With the increasing understanding of the mechanisms by which extrahepatic factors regulate liver immunity, we believe that this will provide promising targets for liver disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shemin Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Liver and Spleen Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi International Cooperation Base for Inflammation and Immunity, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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14
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Identification of miRNAs Involved in Liver Injury Induced by Chronic Exposure to Cadmium. Toxicology 2022; 469:153133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Barakat B, Almeida MEF. Biochemical and immunological changes in obesity. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 708:108951. [PMID: 34102165 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a syndemia that promotes high expenditures for public health, and is defined by the excess of adipose tissue that is classified according to its function and anatomical distribution. In obese people, this tissue generates oxidative stress associated with a chronic inflammatory response, in which there is an imbalance in relation to the release of hormones and adipokines that cause loss of body homeostasis and predisposition to the development of some comorbidities. The purpose of this review is to summarize the main events that occur during the onset and progression of obesity with a special focus on biochemical and immunological changes. Hypertrophied and hyperplasia adipocytes have biomarkers and release adipokines capable of regulating pathways and expressing genes that culminate in the development of metabolic changes, such as changes in energy balance and intestinal microbiota, and the development of some comorbidities, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias, arterial hypertension, liver disease, cancer, allergies, osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obstructive sleep apnea. Thus, it is necessary to treat and/or prevent pathology, using traditional methods based on healthy eating, and regular physical and leisure activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Barakat
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Rio Paranaíba Campus, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Martha E F Almeida
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Rio Paranaíba Campus, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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16
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Yu Q, Chen X, Sun X, Li W, Liu T, Zhang X, Li Y, Li T, Li S. Pectic Oligogalacturonide Facilitates the Synthesis and Activation of Adiponectin to Improve Hepatic Lipid Oxidation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100167. [PMID: 34268878 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Adiponectin (ADPN), a kind of adipokines, plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. The objective of this study is focused on the ADPN to investigate the functional mechanisms of pectin oligosaccharide (POS) from hawthorn fruit in the improvement of hepatic fatty acid oxidation. METHOD AND RESULTS High-fat fed mice are used in this experiment. POS is administrated with the doses of 0.25, 0.75, and 1.5 g kg-1 diet, respectively. The results demonstrate that gene and protein expressions of ADPN synthesis regulators involved in PKA/ERK/CREB and C/EBPα/PPARγ pathways are upregulated by POS administration. POS also activates the AdiopR1/AMPKα/PGC1 and AdipoR2/PPARα signaling pathways to improve the fatty acid oxidation in the liver, which is further accelerated by the enhancement of mitochondrial functions. CONCLUSION POS can act as an ADPN activator to improve lipid metabolism, leading it to the applications of biomedical and functional foods for ameliorating chronic liver diseases resulted from a high-energy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Yu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, 87 Dashun Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110011, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, 87 Dashun Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110011, China
| | - Tianzhi Liu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiushan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Tuoping Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Suhong Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, China
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Adipocytes protect fibroblasts from radiation-induced damage by adiponectin secretion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12616. [PMID: 32724116 PMCID: PMC7387543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69352-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate and colon cancers are among the most common cancers diagnosed annually, and both often require treatment with radiation therapy. Advancement in radiation delivery techniques has led to highly accurate targeting of tumor and sparing of normal tissue; however, in the pelvic region it is anatomically difficult to avoid off-target radiation exposure to other organs. Chronically the effects of normal urogenital tissue exposure can lead to urinary frequency, urinary incontinence, proctitis, and erectile dysfunction. Most of these symptoms are caused by radiation-induced fibrosis and reduce the quality of life for cancer survivors. We have observed in animal models that the severity of radiation-induced fibrosis in normal tissue correlates to damaged fat reservoirs in the pelvic region. We hypothesize that adipocytes may secrete a factor that prevents the induction of radiation-associated fibrosis in normal tissues. In these studies we show that the adipokine, adiponectin, is secreted by primary mouse adipocytes and protects fibroblasts from radiation-induced cell death, myofibroblast formation, and senescence. Further, we demonstrated that adiponectin does not protect colorectal or prostate cancer cells from radiation-induced death. Thus, we propose that adiponectin, or its downstream pathway, would provide a novel target for adjuvant therapy when treating pelvic cancers with radiation therapy.
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18
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Lv F, Li N, Kong M, Wu J, Fan Z, Miao D, Xu Y, Ye Q, Wang Y. CDKN2a/p16 Antagonizes Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Liver Fibrosis by Modulating ROS Levels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:176. [PMID: 32266258 PMCID: PMC7105638 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipid-storage hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play as pivotal role in liver fibrosis being able to trans-differentiate into myofibroblasts in response to various pro-fibrogenic stimuli. In the present study we investigated the role of CDKN2a/p16, a negative regulator of cell cycling, in HSC activation and the underlying mechanism. Levels of p16 were significantly down-regulated in activated HSCs isolated from mice induced to develop liver fibrosis compared to quiescent HSCs isolated from the control mice ex vivo. There was a similar decrease in p16 expression in cultured HSCs undergoing spontaneous activation or exposed to TGF-β treatment in vitro. More important, p16 down-regulation was observed to correlate with cirrhosis in humans. In a classic model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis, fibrogenesis was far more extensive in mice with p16 deficiency (KO) than the wild type (WT) littermates. Depletion of p16 in cultured HSCs promoted the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Mechanistically, p16 deficiency accelerated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HSCs likely through the p38 MAPK signaling. P38 inhibition or ROS cleansing attenuated ECM production in p16 deficient HSCs. Taken together, our data unveil a previously unappreciated role for p16 in the regulation of HSC activation. Screening for small-molecule compounds that can boost p16 activity may yield novel therapeutic strategies against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqiao Lv
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ishtiaq SM, Rashid H, Hussain Z, Arshad MI, Khan JA. Adiponectin and PPAR: a setup for intricate crosstalk between obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019; 20:253-261. [PMID: 31656991 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-019-09510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin, a soluble adipocytokine, plays an important role in the functioning of adipose tissue and in the regulation of inflammation, particularly hepatic inflammation. The adiponectin subsequently imparts a crucial role in metabolic and hepato-inflammatory diseases. The most recent evidences indicate that lipotoxicity-induced inflammation in the liver is associated with obesity-derived alterations and remolding in adipose tissue that culminates in most prevalent liver pathology named as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A comprehensive crosstalk of adiponectin and its cognate receptors, specifically adiponectin receptor-2 in the liver mediates ameliorative effects in obesity-induced NAFLD by interaction with hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Recent studies highlight the implication of molecular mediators mainly involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and obesity-driven NAFLD, however, the plausible mechanisms remain elusive. The present review aimed at collating the data regarding mechanistic approaches of adiponectin and adiponectin-activated PPARs as well as PPAR-induced adiponectin levels in attenuation of hepatic lipoinflammation. Understanding the rapidly occurring adiponectin-mediated pathophysiological outcomes might be of importance in the development of new therapies that can potentially resolve obesity and obesity-associated NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Momna Ishtiaq
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Rashid
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zulfia Hussain
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | | | - Junaid Ali Khan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
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Ma L, Li X, Bai Z, Lin X, Lin K. AdipoRs- a potential therapeutic target for fibrotic disorders. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 23:93-106. [PMID: 30569772 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1559823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Fibrotic disorders are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality; hence effective treatments are still vigorously sought. AdipoRs (AdipoR1 and Adipo2) are responsible for the antifibrotic effects of adiponectin (APN). APN exerts antifibrotic effects by binding to its receptors. APN concentration and AdipoR expression are closely associated with fibrotic disorders. Decreased AdipoR expression may reduce APN-AdipoR signaling, while the upregulation of AdipoR expression may restore the anti-fibrotic effects of APN. Loss of APN signaling exacerbates fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Areas covered: We assess the relationship between APN and fibrotic disorders, the structure of receptors for APN and the pathways accounting for APN or its analogs blocking fibrotic disorders. This article also discusses designed APN products and their therapeutic prospects for fibrotic disorders. Expert opinion: AdipoRs have a critical role in blocking fibrosis. The development of small-molecule agonists toward this target represents a valid drug development pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingman Ma
- a School of Life Science and Technology , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xuanyi Li
- b Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Zhaoshi Bai
- c Department of pharmacy , Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xinhao Lin
- d Department of pharmacy , Class 154010, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Kejiang Lin
- b Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , China
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Liu H, Shi ZH. Dynamic expression of adiponectin signaling pathway molecules in a rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:1645-1650. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i28.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To detect the dynamic expression of adiponectin signaling pathway molecules in a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model.
METHODS Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: a normal group (N, n = 6) and three model groups (M4, M8, and M12, n = 6 each). The normal group was given an ordinary diet, and the NAFLD model groups were given a high-fat diet. At the end of the fourth week, rats in group M4 were sacrificed. M8 rats were killed at the end of the eighth week, and rats in groups N and M12 were sacrificed at the end of the twelfth weeks. Tissue samples were collected for histopathological examinations. Serum adiponectin was detected by ELISA. The expression of AdipoR2 mRNA and PPARα mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. Protein expression of AdipoR2, PPARα, and phosphorylated AMPK was examined by Western blot.
RESULTS HE staining showed that liver cell swelling was obvious at the end of the twelfth weeks, with a large number of fat vacuoles in the cytoplasm and a small number of necrotic liver cells, which suggested that NAFLD was successfully induced. Compared with the normal group, serum adiponectin in the model group rats gradually decreased from week 4 to weeks 8 and 12. Compared with the normal group, the expression of AdipoR2 mRNA and PPARα mRNA in the liver of the model group rats gradually decreased from week 4 to weeks 8 and 12. Compared with the normal group, the protein expression of adiponectin signaling pathway molecules in the liver of the model group rats gradually decreased from week 4 to weeks 8 and 12. There was a significant difference between each two groups (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION The protein expression of adiponectin signaling pathway molecules decreases gradually in the formation process of NAFLD. The activity decrease of the adiponectin signaling pathway is possibly one of the mechanisms contributing to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan First Municipal Hospital, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhao-Hong Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan First Municipal Hospital, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
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Kumar P, Raeman R, Chopyk DM, Smith T, Verma K, Liu Y, Anania FA. Adiponectin inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation by targeting the PTEN/AKT pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3537-3545. [PMID: 30293572 PMCID: PMC6529190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin inhibits hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and subsequent development of liver fibrosis via multiple mechanisms. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deletion 10 (PTEN) plays a crucial role in suppression of HSC activation, but its regulation by adiponectin is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the effect of adiponectin on PTEN in LX-2 cells, a human cell line and examined the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in adiponectin-mediated upregulation of PTEN activity during fibrosis. PTEN expression was found to be significantly reduced in the livers of mice treated with CCl4, whereas its expression was rescued by adiponectin treatment. The DNA methylation proteins DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B are all highly expressed in activated primary HSCs compared to quiescent HSCs, and thus represent additional regulatory targets during liver fibrogenesis. Expression of DNMT proteins was significantly induced in the presence of fibrotic stimuli; however, only DNMT3B expression was reduced in the presence of adiponectin. Adiponectin-induced suppression of DNMT3B was found to be mediated by enhanced miR-29b expression. Furthermore, PTEN expression was significantly increased by overexpression of miR-29b, whereas its expression was markedly reduced by a miR-29b inhibitor in LX-2 cells. These findings suggest that adiponectin-induced upregulation of miR-29b can suppress DNMT3B transcription in LX-2 cells, thus resulting in reduced methylation of PTEN CpG islands and ultimately suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway. Together, these data suggest a possible new explanation for the inhibitory effect of adiponectin on HSC activation and liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Reben Raeman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel M Chopyk
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tekla Smith
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kiran Verma
- Labratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yunshan Liu
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Frank A Anania
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Gamberi T, Magherini F, Modesti A, Fiaschi T. Adiponectin Signaling Pathways in Liver Diseases. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020052. [PMID: 29735928 PMCID: PMC6027295 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the liver, adiponectin regulates both glucose and lipid metabolism and exerts an insulin-sensitizing effect. The binding of adiponectin with its specific receptors induces the activation of a proper signaling cascade that becomes altered in liver pathologies. This review describes the different signaling pathways in healthy and diseased hepatocytes, also highlighting the beneficial role of adiponectin in autophagy activation and hepatic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Gamberi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Francesca Magherini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Modesti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Tania Fiaschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "Mario Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
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