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Jaikumkao K, Thongnak L, Htun KT, Pengrattanachot N, Phengpol N, Sutthasupha P, Promsan S, Montha N, Sriburee S, Kothan S, Lungkaphin A. Dapagliflozin and metformin in combination ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and activating autophagy in diabetic rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166912. [PMID: 37816397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Considering the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors and metformin on the kidneys, a combination of both agents is postulated to provide protection against diabetic nephropathy (DN). We examined the potential protective effects of dapagliflozin, metformin, and their combination on kidney injury in rats with type 2 diabetes. Diabetic (DM) rats were administered dapagliflozin (1.0 mg/kg/day), metformin (100 mg/kg/day), or a combination (dapagliflozin 0.5 mg/kg/day plus metformin 50 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Dapagliflozin monotherapy or in combination with metformin was more effective than metformin monotherapy in attenuating renal dysfunction, improving renal organic anion transporter 3 expression, and activating renal autophagy by modulating the AMPK/mTOR/SIRT1 axis in DM rats. Interestingly, dapagliflozin monotherapy exhibited greater efficacy in suppressing renal oxidative stress in DM rats than metformin or the combination treatment. Renal and pancreatic injury scores decreased in all treatment groups. Apoptotic markers were predominantly reduced in dapagliflozin monotherapy and combination treatment groups. The low-dose combination treatment, through synergistic coordination, appeared to modulate oxidative, autophagic, and apoptotic signaling and confer significant renoprotective effects against DM-induced complications. In addition, a low dose of the combination might be beneficial to patients by avoiding the risk of side effects of the medication. Future clinical trials are necessary to study the nephroprotective effects of the combined treatment at a low dosage in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krit Jaikumkao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khin Thandar Htun
- Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattavadee Pengrattanachot
- Renal Transporter and Molecular Signaling Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nichakorn Phengpol
- Renal Transporter and Molecular Signaling Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Prempree Sutthasupha
- Renal Transporter and Molecular Signaling Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasivimon Promsan
- Renal Transporter and Molecular Signaling Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Napatsorn Montha
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sompong Sriburee
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Renal Transporter and Molecular Signaling Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Functional Foods for Health and Disease, Department of Physiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Functional Food Research Center for Well-Being, Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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2
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SGLT2 Inhibitor—Dapagliflozin Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Renal Injury by Regulating Inflammation through a CYP4A/20-HETE Signaling Mechanism. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030965. [PMID: 36986825 PMCID: PMC10054805 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious complication of diabetes, affecting millions of people worldwide. Inflammation and oxidative stress are key contributors to the development and progression of DKD, making them potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have emerged as a promising class of drugs, with evidence demonstrating that they can improve renal outcomes in people with diabetes. However, the exact mechanism by which SGLT2i exert their renoprotective effects is not yet fully understood. This study demonstrates that dapagliflozin treatment attenuates renal injury observed in type 2 diabetic mice. This is evidenced by the reduction in renal hypertrophy and proteinuria. Furthermore, dapagliflozin decreases tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis by mitigating the generation of reactive oxygen species and inflammation, which are activated through the production of CYP4A-induced 20-HETE. Our findings provide insights onto a novel mechanistic pathway by which SGLT2i exerts their renoprotective effects. Overall, and to our knowledge, the study provides critical insights into the pathophysiology of DKD and represents an important step towards improving outcomes for people with this devastating condition.
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Liu Y, Zhang Q, Yang L, Tian W, Yang Y, Xie Y, Li J, Yang L, Gao Y, Xu Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Yan J, Li G, Shen Y, Qi Z. Metformin Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy Via the HIF-1α/PPAR-γ Signaling Pathway in High-Fat Diet Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919202. [PMID: 35833024 PMCID: PMC9271627 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiac hypertrophy (CH) are two main causes of ischemic heart disease. Acute CAD may lead to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Long-term and sustained CH is harmful and can gradually develop into cardiac insufficiency and heart failure. It is known that metformin (Met) can alleviate CH; however, the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. Herein, we used high-fat diet (HFD) rats and H9c2 cells to induce CH and clarify the potential mechanism of Met on CH. We found that Met treatment significantly decreased the cardiomyocyte size, reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and downregulated the expressions of hypertrophy markers ANP, VEGF-A, and GLUT1 either in vivo or in vitro. Meanwhile, the protein levels of HIF-1α and PPAR-γ were both decreased after Met treatment, and administrations of their agonists, deferoxamine (DFO) or rosiglitazone (Ros), markedly abolished the protective effect of Met on CH. In addition, DFO treatment upregulated the expression of PPAR-γ, whereas Ros treatment did not affect the expression of HIF-1α. In conclusion, Met attenuates CH via the HIF-1α/PPAR-γ signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuansheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wencong Tian
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinan Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhang Xie
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yachen Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guoxun Li
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, China
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxun Li, ; Yanna Shen, ; Zhi Qi,
| | - Yanna Shen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxun Li, ; Yanna Shen, ; Zhi Qi,
| | - Zhi Qi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Hospital, Urumqi, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of General Surgery in Construction, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxun Li, ; Yanna Shen, ; Zhi Qi,
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Chronic high-fat diet consumption exacerbates pyroptosis- and necroptosis-mediated HMGB1 signaling in the brain after ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:833-844. [PMID: 35749032 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is categorized as a common comorbidity found in people who experience an ischemic stroke. However, the mechanisms to explain this correlation have still not been elucidated fully. Pyroptosis and necroptosis are novel forms of programmed cell death that occur upon intracellular danger signals. The major feature of pyroptosis and necroptosis is damage to the lipid membrane, which consequently results in lytic cell death and allows the release of high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) into the extracellular space. We aimed to investigate the influences of high-fat diet (HFD) consumption on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury and hypothesized that HFD consumption exacerbated the activation of pyroptosis, necroptosis, and HMGB1 signaling pathways. All rats received normal diet (ND) or HFD for 16 weeks. Subsequently, both groups were divided into either a sham- or an I/R-operated group. Twenty-four hours after the surgery, all rats were evaluated for neurological deficits and then sacrificed. After I/R injury, there were more severe functional deficits and larger brain infarcts in the HFD compared with the ND group. The histological observation revealed an increase in tissue abnormalities in the HFD group, consistent with the massive reduction of intact neurons along the peri-infarct region. Furthermore, cerebral I/R injury dramatically activated the pyroptotic, necroptotic, and HMGB1 signaling pathways in HFD-fed rats compared with ND-fed rats. These findings suggest that chronic HFD consumption worsens ischemic brain pathology and leads to poor post-stroke outcomes by exacerbating pyroptotic and necroptotic cell death.
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Pengrattanachot N, Thongnak L, Lungkaphin A. The impact of prebiotic fructooligosaccharides on gut dysbiosis and inflammation in obesity and diabetes related kidney disease. Food Funct 2022; 13:5925-5945. [PMID: 35583860 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an extensive health problem worldwide that is frequently associated with diabetes. It is a risk factor for the development of several diseases including diabetic nephropathy. Recent studies have reported that gut dysbiosis aggravates the progression of obesity and diabetes by increasing the production of uremic toxins in conjunction with gut barrier dysfunction which then leads to increased passage of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into the blood circulatory system eventually causing systemic inflammation. Therefore, the modification of gut microbiota using a prebiotic supplement may assist in the restoration of gut barrier function and reduce any disturbance of the inflammatory response. In this review information has been compiled concerning the possible mechanisms involved in an increase in obesity, diabetes and kidney dysfunction via the exacerbation of the inflammatory response and its association with gut dysbiosis. In addition, the role of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a source of prebiotic widely available commercially, on the improvement of gut dysbiosis and attenuation of inflammation on obese and diabetic conditions has been reviewed. The evidence confirms that FOS supplementation could improve the pathological changes associated with obesity and diabetes related kidney disease, however, knowledge concerning the mechanisms involved is still limited and needs further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Functional Food Research Center for Well-being, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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6
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Promsan S, Thongnak L, Pengrattanachot N, Phengpol N, Sutthasupha P, Lungkaphin A. Agomelatine, a structural analog of melatonin, improves kidney dysfunction through regulating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway to promote autophagy in obese rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 165:113190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wang X, Wang Z, Liu D, Jiang H, Cai C, Li G, Yu G. Canagliflozin Prevents Lipid Accumulation, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice With Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:839640. [PMID: 35281938 PMCID: PMC8905428 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.839640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, as oral medications for T2DM treatment have shown the potential to improve vascular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of canagliflozin (Cana) to relieve CVD in T2DM mice and its possible action mechanism. Mice with diabetic CVD was conducted by a high-fat diet for 24 weeks, followed by oral gavaging with metformin (200 mg/kg/day) or Cana (50 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. The result demonstrated that Cana reduced serum lipid accumulation, and decreased the arteriosclerosis index and atherogenic index of plasma. In addition, Cana treatment reduced the circulating markers of inflammation. More importantly, Cana improved cardiac mitochondrial homeostasis and relieved oxidative stress. Moreover, Cana treatment alleviated the myocardial injury with decreasing levels of serous soluble cluster of differentiation 40 ligand and cardiac troponin I. Thus, cardiovascular abnormality was relieved by suppressing fibrosis and basement membrane thickening, while elevating the cluster of differentiation 31 expression level. Importantly, Cana increased the ratio of gut bacteria Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and the relative abundance of Alistipes, Olsenella, and Alloprevotella, while it decreased the abundance of Mucispirillum, Helicobacter, and Proteobacteria at various taxonomic levels in mice with diabetic CVD. In short, Cana treatment altered the colonic microbiota composition close to the normal level, which was related with blood lipid, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and might play a vital role in CVD. In general, the improvements in the gut microbiota and myocardial mitochondrial homeostasis may represent the mechanism of Cana on CVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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8
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Jaikumkao K, Promsan S, Thongnak L, Swe MT, Tapanya M, Htun KT, Kothan S, Intachai N, Lungkaphin A. Dapagliflozin ameliorates pancreatic injury and activates kidney autophagy by modulating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in obese rats. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6424-6440. [PMID: 33559163 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic consumption of a high-fat diet induces obesity and impairs the ultra-structure of organs and tissues. We examined the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor-dapagliflozin on renal and pancreatic injuries in obese condition. Rats were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to induce obesity. After that, dapagliflozin or vildagliptin, 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg/day, respectively, was administered by oral gavage for 4 weeks. The effects of dapagliflozin on insulin resistance, kidney autophagy, pancreatic oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in high-fat diet-induced obese rats were elucidated. High-fat-diet fed rats demonstrated metabolic abnormalities including increased body weight, visceral fat weight, plasma insulin, plasma cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, and TAUCg, indicating the obese-insulin resistant and glucose intolerance conditions. Also, high-fat-diet fed rats exhibited significant pancreatic injury accompanied by decreased kidney autophagy. Dapagliflozin or vildagliptin treatment for 4 weeks ameliorated pancreatic oxidative stress, ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and restored kidney autophagy in obese rats. Moreover, the morphology changes of the pancreas and kidney were improved in the treated groups. Interestingly, dapagliflozin showed higher efficacy than vildagliptin in improving body weight, visceral fat weight, plasma cholesterol level, and pancreatic oxidative stress in our model. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that the therapeutic effects of dapagliflozin attenuated pancreatic injury, pancreatic oxidative stress, ER stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and exerted renoprotective effects by restoring autophagic signaling in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krit Jaikumkao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasivimon Promsan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Myat T Swe
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine 2, Yangon, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Monruedee Tapanya
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Khin T Htun
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nuttawadee Intachai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Laorodphun P, Arjinajarn P, Thongnak L, Promsan S, Swe MT, Thitisut P, Mahatheeranont S, Jaturasitha S, Lungkaphin A. Anthocyanin-rich fraction from black rice, Oryza sativa L. var. indica "Luem Pua," bran extract attenuates kidney injury induced by high-fat diet involving oxidative stress and apoptosis in obese rats. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5189-5202. [PMID: 34327741 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is acknowledged as being a world health problem and increases the risk of several chronic diseases including chronic kidney disease. High-fat diet consumption and obesity-related renal disease show a close correlation with increased oxidative stress. Black rice bran extract, (BRE) Oryza sativa L. variety "Luem Pua" contains a high anthocyanin content. This study evaluated the effects of an anthocyanin-rich fraction from BRE on renal function and oxidative stress in obese rats. Male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HF) for 16 weeks. After this, the rats were given either vehicle (HF), BRE 100 (HF100) or BRE 200 mg/kg/day (HF200) orally for 8 weeks. The HF rats had increased body weight, visceral fat weight, plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. These parameters were normalized following HF100 administration and showed a decreasing trend with HF200. Serum creatinine and renal cortical MDA were increased in the HF group but these effects were attenuated by BRE. Negative kidney injury and histopathology changes were observed following a HF, but treatment with BRE reversed these deleterious effects. These results suggest that BRE could be used as a food supplement to improve metabolic disturbance and prevent kidney dysfunction in cases of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongrapee Laorodphun
- Graduate Master's Degree Program in Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Phatchawan Arjinajarn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasivimon Promsan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Myat Theingi Swe
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine 2, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Pasin Thitisut
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sugunya Mahatheeranont
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sanchai Jaturasitha
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Functional Food Research Center for Well-Being, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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10
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Cherngwelling R, Pengrattanachot N, Swe MT, Thongnak L, Promsan S, Phengpol N, Sutthasupha P, Lungkaphin A. Agomelatine protects against obesity-induced renal injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress/apoptosis pathway in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 425:115601. [PMID: 34081941 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as a risk for the development of chronic kidney disease. Excessive fat accumulation in obesity is associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species with the underproduction of antioxidant mechanisms generating oxidative stress together with chronic low-grade inflammation which subsequently leads to the development of several obesity-related complications. It has been suggested that the abnormal lipid accumulation can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cellular apoptosis in several tissue types. Agomelatine is a relatively new antidepressant which is a synthetic agonist of melatonin. Previous study reported the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of agomelatine. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of agomelatine in obesity-related renal injury. Male Wistar rats were fed with normal diet or high-fat diet (HF) for 16 weeks. After that, vehicle or agomelatine or vildagliptin was orally administered to HF rats for 4 weeks. Our results indicated that HF rats demonstrated insulin resistance which was accompanied by an impairment of renal function and renal organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) function as well as renal oxidative stress, ER stress, and apoptosis. Interestingly, agomelatine treatment not only improved the metabolic parameters, renal function and renal Oat3 function but also attenuated renal oxidative stress, ER stress and subsequent apoptosis. Therefore, agomelatine exerted renoprotective effects in obese insulin-resistant condition. These results suggested that agomelatine could be used as a drug to improve metabolic disturbance and prevent kidney dysfunction in obese condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rada Cherngwelling
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Myat Theingi Swe
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine 2, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasivimon Promsan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nichakorn Phengpol
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Prempree Sutthasupha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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11
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Sharma R, Tiwari S. Renal gluconeogenesis in insulin resistance: A culprit for hyperglycemia in diabetes. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:556-568. [PMID: 33995844 PMCID: PMC8107972 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i5.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal gluconeogenesis is one of the major pathways for endogenous glucose production. Impairment in this process may contribute to hyperglycemia in cases with insulin resistance and diabetes. We reviewed pertinent studies to elucidate the role of renal gluconeogenesis regulation in insulin resistance and diabetes. A consensus on the suppressive effect of insulin on kidney gluconeogenesis has started to build up. Insulin-resistant models exhibit reduced insulin receptor (IR) expression and/or post-receptor signaling in their kidney tissue. Reduced IR expression or post-receptor signaling can cause impairment in insulin’s action on kidneys, which may increase renal gluconeogenesis in the state of insulin resistance. It is now established that the kidney contributes up to 20% of all glucose production via gluconeogenesis in the post-absorptive phase. However, the rate of renal glucose release excessively increases in diabetes. The rise in renal glucose release in diabetes may contribute to fasting hyperglycemia and increased postprandial glucose levels. Enhanced glucose release by the kidneys and renal expression of the gluconeogenic-enzyme in diabetic rodents and humans further point towards the significance of renal gluconeogenesis. Overall, the available literature suggests that impairment in renal gluconeogenesis in an insulin-resistant state may contribute to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India
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12
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Pina AF, Borges DO, Meneses MJ, Branco P, Birne R, Vilasi A, Macedo MP. Insulin: Trigger and Target of Renal Functions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:519. [PMID: 32850773 PMCID: PMC7403206 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney function in metabolism is often underestimated. Although the word “clearance” is associated to “degradation”, at nephron level, proper balance between what is truly degraded and what is redirected to de novo utilization is crucial for the maintenance of electrolytic and acid–basic balance and energy conservation. Insulin is probably one of the best examples of how diverse and heterogeneous kidney response can be. Kidney has a primary role in the degradation of insulin released in the bloodstream, but it is also incredibly susceptible to insulin action throughout the nephron. Fluctuations in insulin levels during fast and fed state add another layer of complexity in the understanding of kidney fine-tuning. This review aims at revisiting renal insulin actions and clearance and to address the association of kidney dysmetabolism with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, both highly prevalent phenomena in modern society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Pina
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,ProRegeM Ph.D. Programme, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diego O Borges
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Molecular Biosciences Ph.D. Programme, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria João Meneses
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,ProRegeM Ph.D. Programme, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Branco
- Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association - Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita Birne
- Department of Nephrology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association - Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Antonio Vilasi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology - National Research Council, Reggio Calabria Unit1, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maria Paula Macedo
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Portuguese Diabetes Association - Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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Thongnak L, Chatsudthipong V, Lungkaphin A. Mitigation of renal inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress by vildagliptin and statins in high-fat high-fructose diet-induced insulin resistance and renal injury in rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158755. [PMID: 32534015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in obesity can lead to lipotoxicity and cellular damage. Renal lipotoxicity in association with an impairment of lipid metabolism induces renal damage through the activation of inflammation, ER stress, fibrosis and apoptosis. We investigated the effects of a combination treatment of the DPP-4 inhibitor vildagliptin and atorvastatin on renal lipotoxicity related to renal dysfunction and injury in a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFF)-induced insulin resistant condition. Male Wistar rats were fed on a high-fat diet and were given drinking water with 10% fructose for 16 weeks. After that, rats were divided into: no treatment (HFF), treatment with vildagliptin, atorvastatin and vildagliptin plus atorvastatin for 4 weeks. The results demonstrated that the combination treatment prominently improved insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and kidney morphological changes induced by HFF. These changes correlated well with the increased expression of nephrin and podocin and decreased urine protein. Notably, the combined treatment produced greater improvement in renal lipid metabolism through increasing fatty acid oxidation with the decreases in fatty acid transporters and fatty acid synthesis, thereby reducing renal lipid accumulation in HFF rats. The reduction in renal lipotoxicity via diminishing renal inflammation, ER stress, fibrosis and apoptosis was also more significant in the combined treatment group than in the other groups in which the drug was used as a monotherapy. In conclusion, the combination therapy produced synergistic beneficial effects on metabolic parameters, lipid metabolism and accumulation related to renal lipid accumulation-induced lipotoxicity and kidney injury in the HFF-induced insulin resistant model with improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Varanuj Chatsudthipong
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Functional Food Research Center for Well-being, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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14
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Dapagliflozin not only improves hepatic injury and pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum stress, but also induces hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes expression in obese rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 133:2415-2430. [PMID: 31769484 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, exploring the effects and delineating the mechanisms of possible therapeutic agents are of critical importance. We examined the effects of SGLT2 inhibitor-dapagliflozin on insulin resistance, hepatic gluconeogenesis, hepatic injury and pancreatic ER stress in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed with normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Then high-fat rats were given vehicle (HF) or dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg/day; HFDapa) or metformin (30 mg/kg/day; HFMet) for another 4 weeks. RESULTS We found that dapagliflozin ameliorated high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. The fasting plasma glucose level was comparable among groups, although dapagliflozin treatment led to substantial glycosuria. Hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes, PEPCK, G6Pase and FBPase, expression was not different in HF rats compared with ND rats. Meanwhile, dapagliflozin-treated group exhibited the elevation of these enzymes in parallel with the rise of transcription factor CREB, co-factor PGC1α and upstream regulator SIRT1. Hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and NAFLD activity score as well as hepatic and pancreatic ER stress and apoptosis in obese rats were attenuated by dapagliflozin. CONCLUSION We conclude that dapagliflozin improved obesity-related insulin resistance, hepatic and pancreatic injury independent of fasting plasma glucose level. Of note, dapagliflozin-induced glycosuria apparently triggered the up-regulation of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes to prevent hypoglycemia.
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15
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Pengrattanachot N, Cherngwelling R, Jaikumkao K, Pongchaidecha A, Thongnak L, Swe MT, Chatsudthipong V, Lungkaphin A. Atorvastatin attenuates obese-induced kidney injury and impaired renal organic anion transporter 3 function through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165741. [PMID: 32101757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An excessive consumption of high-fat diet can lead to the alterations of glucose and lipid metabolism, impaired insulin signaling and increased ectopic lipid accumulation resulting in renal lipotoxicity and subsequent renal dysfunction. Atorvastatin is a lipid-lowering drug in clinical treatment. Several studies have reported that atorvastatin has several significant pleiotropic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the effects of atorvastatin on metabolic disturbance and renal lipotoxicity in obesity are not fully understood. In this study, obesity in rat was developed by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 16 weeks. After that, the HFD-fed rats were received either a vehicle (HF), atorvastatin (HFA) or vildagliptin (HFVIL), by oral gavage for 4 weeks. We found that HF rats showed insulin resistance, visceral fat expansion and renal lipid accumulation. Impaired renal function and renal organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) function and expression were also observed in HF rats. The marked increases in MDA level, renal injury and NF-κB, TGF-β, NOX-4, PKC-α expression were demonstrated in HF rats. Atorvastatin or vildagliptin treatment attenuated insulin resistance and renal lipid accumulation-induced lipotoxicity in HFA and HFVIL rats. Moreover, the proteins involved in renal inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress and apoptosis were attenuated leading to improved renal Oat3 function and renal function in the treated groups. Interestingly, atorvastatin showed higher efficacy than vildagliptin in improving insulin resistance, renal lipid accumulation and in exerting renoprotective effects in obesity-induced renal injury and impaired renal Oat3 function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rada Cherngwelling
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Krit Jaikumkao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Pongchaidecha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Myat Theingi Swe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Physiology, University of Medicine, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Varanuj Chatsudthipong
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Functional Food Research Center for Well-being, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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16
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Gamil NM, Abd El Fattah MA, Ahmed MAE, Maklad YA, Gamal El Din AA, Eid NI. Lansoprazole enhances the antidiabetic effect of dapagliflozin in fortified diet-fed streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22451. [PMID: 31975531 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dapagliflozin (DAPA) is used for treating type 2 diabetes, whereas lansoprazole (LPZ) is used as a traditional antiulcer drug. The present study investigated the possible antidiabetic effects of LPZ on fortified diet-fed streptozotocin (FDF/STZ)-induced insulin-resistant diabetic rats. On the basis of the current results, it can be concluded that LPZ could be used as an add-on drug along with the conventional treatment for T2D as it showed beneficial effects in the current experimental model of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Gamil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd El Fattah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Yousreya A Maklad
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department (Pharmacology Group), Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amina A Gamal El Din
- Medical Research Division, Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nihad I Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Pereira-Moreira R, Muscelli E. Effect of Insulin on Proximal Tubules Handling of Glucose: A Systematic Review. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:8492467. [PMID: 32377524 PMCID: PMC7180501 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8492467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal proximal tubules reabsorb glucose from the glomerular filtrate and release it back into the circulation. Modulation of glomerular filtration and renal glucose disposal are some of the insulin actions, but little is known about a possible insulin effect on tubular glucose reabsorption. This review is aimed at synthesizing the current knowledge about insulin action on glucose handling by proximal tubules. Method. A systematic article selection from Medline (PubMed) and Embase between 2008 and 2019. 180 selected articles were clustered into topics (renal insulin handling, proximal tubule glucose transport, renal gluconeogenesis, and renal insulin resistance). Summary of Results. Insulin upregulates its renal uptake and degradation, and there is probably a renal site-specific insulin action and resistance; studies in diabetic animal models suggest that insulin increases renal SGLT2 protein content; in vivo human studies on glucose transport are few, and results of glucose transporter protein and mRNA contents are conflicting in human kidney biopsies; maximum renal glucose reabsorptive capacity is higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects; glucose stimulates SGLT1, SGLT2, and GLUT2 in renal cell cultures while insulin raises SGLT2 protein availability and activity and seems to directly inhibit the SGLT1 activity despite it activating this transporter indirectly. Besides, insulin regulates SGLT2 inhibitor bioavailability, inhibits renal gluconeogenesis, and interferes with Na+K+ATPase activity impacting on glucose transport. Conclusion. Available data points to an important insulin participation in renal glucose handling, including tubular glucose transport, but human studies with reproducible and comparable method are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pereira-Moreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Zip Code: 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Elza Muscelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Zip Code: 13083-887, Brazil
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18
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Nagoya T, Kamimura K, Goto R, Shinagawa-Kobayashi Y, Niwa Y, Kimura A, Sakai N, Ko M, Nishina H, Terai S. Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 ameliorates renal injury in a novel medaka model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related kidney disease. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:2016-2024. [PMID: 31561285 PMCID: PMC6886305 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2I) on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has been reported, but there are few studies on its effect on NASH‐related renal injury. In this study, we examined the effect of SGLT2I using a novel medaka fish model of NASH‐related kidney disease, which was developed by feeding the d‐rR/Tokyo strain a high‐fat diet. SGLT2I was administered by dissolving it in water of the feeding tank. SGLT2I ameliorates macrophage accumulation and oxidative stress and maintained mitochondrial function in the kidney. The results demonstrate the effect of SGLT2I on NASH‐related renal injury and the usefulness of this novel animal model for research into NASH‐related complications. Here, we demonstrate that the highly specific sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2I) prevented the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)‐related renal injury in a medaka fish model of NASH‐related kidney disease. SGLT2I ameliorates oxidative stress and macrophage accumulation and maintained mitochondrial function in renal tubules.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Nagoya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Kenya Kamimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Ryo Goto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Yoko Shinagawa-Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Yusuke Niwa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Ko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
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19
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Probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 protects rats against obese-insulin resistance-induced kidney injury and impaired renal organic anion transporter 3 function. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1545-1563. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20180148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between gut dysbiosis and obesity is currently acknowledged to be a health topic which causes low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance and may damage the kidney. Organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) has been shown as a transporter responsible for renal handling of gut microbiota products which are involved in the progression of metabolic disorder. The present study investigated the effect of probiotic supplementation on kidney function, renal Oat3 function, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis in obese, insulin-resistant rats. After 12 weeks of being provided with either a normal or a high-fat diet (HF), rats were divided into normal diet (ND); ND treated with probiotics (NDL); HF; and HF treated with probiotic (HFL). Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 1 × 108 colony forming unit (CFU)/ml was administered to the rats daily by oral gavage for 12 weeks. Obese rats showed significant increases in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), plasma lipid profiles, and insulin resistance. Renal Oat 3 function was decreased along with kidney dysfunction in HF-fed rats. Obese rats also demonstrated the increases in inflammation, ER stress, apoptosis, and gluconeogenesis in the kidneys. These alterations were improved by Lactobacillus paracasei HII01 treatment. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation alleviated kidney inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis, leading to improved kidney function and renal Oat3 function in obese rats. These benefits involve the attenuation of hyperlipidemia, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance. The present study also suggested the idea of remote sensing and signaling system between gut and kidney by which probiotic might facilitate renal handling of gut microbiota products through the improvement of Oat3 function.
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20
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Georgianos PI, Divani M, Eleftheriadis T, Mertens PR, Liakopoulos V. SGLT-2 inhibitors in Diabetic Kidney Disease: What Lies Behind their Renoprotective Properties? Curr Med Chem 2018; 26:5564-5578. [PMID: 29792136 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180524114033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite optimal management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) with intensive glycemic control and administration of agents blocking the renin-angiotensinaldosterone- system, the residual risk for nephropathy progression to end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD) remains high. Sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT-2)-inhibitors represent a newly-introduced anti-diabetic drug class with pleiotropic actions extending above their glucose-lowering efficacy. Herein, we provide an overview of preclinical and clinical-trial evidence supporting a protective effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on DKD. METHODS A systematic literature search of bibliographic databases was conducted to identify preclinical studies and randomized trials evaluating the effects SGLT-2 inhibitors on DKD. RESULTS Preclinical studies performed in animal models of DKD support the renoprotective action of SGLT-2 inhibitors showing that these agents exert albuminuria-lowering effects and reverse glomerulosclerosis. The renoprotective action of SGLT-2 inhibitors is strongly supported by human studies showing that these agents prevent the progression of albuminuria and retard nephropathy progression to ESRD. This beneficial effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors is not fully explained by their glucose-lowering properties. Attenuation of glomerular hyperfiltration and improvement in a number of surrogate risk factors, including associated reduction in systemic blood pressure, body weight, and serum uric acid levels may represent plausible mechanistic explanations for the cardio-renal protection offered by SGLT-2 inhibitors. Furthermore, the tubular cell metabolism seems to be altered towards a ketone-prone pathway with protective activities. CONCLUSION SGLT-2 inhibition emerges as a novel therapeutic approach of diabetic with anticipated benefits towards cardio-renal risk reduction. Additional research efforts are clearly warranted to elucidate this favorable effect in patients with overt DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis I Georgianos
- Section of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Divani
- Section of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Section of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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