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Yang XY, Jiang D, Wang YZ, Duan MY, Huang YW, Wang XJ, Xiang ZM, Sheng J, Zhu QQ. Chlorogenic acid alleviates renal fibrosis by reducing lipid accumulation in diabetic kidney disease through suppressing the Notch1 and Stat3 signaling pathway. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2371988. [PMID: 38952291 PMCID: PMC11221469 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2371988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Abnormal renal lipid metabolism causes renal lipid deposition, which leads to the development of renal fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of chlorogenic acid (CA) on reducing renal lipid accumulation and improving DKD renal fibrosis. METHODS This study evaluated the effects of CA on renal fibrosis, lipid deposition and lipid metabolism by constructing in vitro and in vivo models of DKD, and detected the improvement of Notch1 and Stat3 signaling pathways. Molecular docking was used to predict the binding between CA and the extracellular domain NRR1 of Notch1 protein. RESULTS In vitro studies have shown that CA decreased the expression of Fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), p-smad3/smad3, alleviated lipid deposition, promoted the expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 A (CPT1A), and inhibited the expression of cholesterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c). The expression of Notch1, Cleaved Notch1, Hes1, and p-stat3/stat3 were inhibited. These results suggested that CA might reduce intercellular lipid deposition in human kidney cells (HK2) by inhibiting Notch1 and stat3 signaling pathways, thereby improving fibrosis. Further, in vivo studies demonstrated that CA improved renal fibrosis and renal lipid deposition in DKD mice by inhibiting Notch1 and stat3 signaling pathways. Finally, molecular docking experiments showed that the binding energy of CA and NRR1 was -6.6 kcal/mol, which preliminarily predicted the possible action of CA on Notch1 extracellular domain NRR1. CONCLUSION CA reduces renal lipid accumulation and improves DKD renal fibrosis by inhibiting Notch1 and stat3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Die Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-zhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei-yan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ye-wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Xuan-jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Ze-min Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang-qiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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2
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Kiliç KC, Yazir Y, Öztürk A, Halbutoğullari ZS, Mert S, Gacar G, Duruksu G. Investigation of impacts of decellularized heart extracellular matrix and VEGF on cardiomyogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell through Notch/Hedgehog signaling pathways. Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102195. [PMID: 37573608 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Decellularization is the process to obtain natural scaffolds with tissue integrity and extracellular matrix components, and recellularization is used to produce tissue-like constructs with specific cell types. In this study, rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs) were cultured on decellularized heart extracellular matrix. These cells were then induced to differentiate into cardiomyogenic cells under the stimulatory effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other chemicals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the cardiac extracellular matrix and VEGF on cardiomyogenic differentiation in the context of the Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathways. METHODS Heart samples extracted from rats were decellularized by serial application of detergent to remove cells from the tissue, and then recellularized with rBM-MSCs. The recellularized tissue matrices were then analyzed for cardiomyogenesis. Cardiomyogenic differentiation was performed on decellularized heart extracellular matrix (ECM; three-dimensional scaffolds) and culture plates (two-dimensional cell culture system) for 28 days to understand the effects of the heart extracellular matrix. In addition, differentiation was induced with and without the stimulatory effect of VEGF to understand the effect of VEGF on cardiomyogenic differentiation of rBM-MSCs. RESULTS Immunofluorescence staining showed that decellularization of the heart was performed effectively and successfully. After decellularization process, the heart extracellular matrix was completely free of cells. It was observed that rBM-MSCs transplanted onto the heart extracellular matrix remained viable and proliferated for 21 days after recellularization. The rBM-MSCs promoted cardiomyogenic differentiation in the conventional differentiation medium but were inversely affected by both VEGF and heart extracellular matrix proteins. Lower expression of connexin43 and cardiac troponin I genes was observed in cells induced by either matrix proteins or VEGF, compared to cells differentiated by chemical agents alone. CONCLUSION In this study, we investigated the effect of decellularized heart extracellular matrix and VEGF on cardiomyogenic differentiation of rBM-MSCs. On the decellularized cardiac extracellular matrix, rBM-MSCs maintained their viability by adhering to the matrix and proliferating further. The adhesion of the cells to the matrix also produced a physical stimulus that led to the formation of histological structures resembling myocardial layers. Chemical stimulation of the decellularized heart extracellular matrix and cardiomyogenic differentiation supplements resulted in increased expression of cardiomyogenic biomarkers through modulation of the Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Can Kiliç
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yusufhan Yazir
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Öztürk
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Zehra Seda Halbutoğullari
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Serap Mert
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Gacar
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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3
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Jneid R, Loudhaief R, Zucchini-Pascal N, Nawrot-Esposito MP, Fichant A, Rousset R, Bonis M, Osman D, Gallet A. Bacillus thuringiensis toxins divert progenitor cells toward enteroendocrine fate by decreasing cell adhesion with intestinal stem cells in Drosophila. eLife 2023; 12:80179. [PMID: 36847614 PMCID: PMC9977296 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) is a strong pathogen toward lepidopteran larvae thanks to specific Cry toxins causing leaky gut phenotypes. Hence, Btk and its toxins are used worldwide as microbial insecticide and in genetically modified crops, respectively, to fight crop pests. However, Btk belongs to the B. cereus group, some strains of which are well known human opportunistic pathogens. Therefore, ingestion of Btk along with food may threaten organisms not susceptible to Btk infection. Here we show that Cry1A toxins induce enterocyte death and intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation in the midgut of Drosophila melanogaster, an organism non-susceptible to Btk. Surprisingly, a high proportion of the ISC daughter cells differentiate into enteroendocrine cells instead of their initial enterocyte destiny. We show that Cry1A toxins weaken the E-Cadherin-dependent adherens junction between the ISC and its immediate daughter progenitor, leading the latter to adopt an enteroendocrine fate. Hence, although not lethal to non-susceptible organisms, Cry toxins can interfere with conserved cell adhesion mechanisms, thereby disrupting intestinal homeostasis and endocrine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouba Jneid
- Universite Cote d'Azur, CNRS, INRAESophia AntipolisFrance
- Faculty of Sciences III and Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, LBA3B, EDST, Lebanese UniversityTripoliLebanon
| | | | | | | | - Arnaud Fichant
- Universite Cote d'Azur, CNRS, INRAESophia AntipolisFrance
- Laboratory for Food Safety, University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & SafetyMaisons-AlfortFrance
| | | | - Mathilde Bonis
- Laboratory for Food Safety, University Paris-Est, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & SafetyMaisons-AlfortFrance
| | - Dani Osman
- Faculty of Sciences III and Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, LBA3B, EDST, Lebanese UniversityTripoliLebanon
| | - Armel Gallet
- Universite Cote d'Azur, CNRS, INRAESophia AntipolisFrance
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4
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Li Y, Zhao X, Sun M, Pei D, Li A. Deciphering the Epigenetic Code of Stem Cells Derived From Dental Tissues. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.807046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells derived from dental tissues (DSCs) exhibit multipotent regenerative potential in pioneering tissue engineering regimens. The multipotency of DSCs is critically regulated by an intricate range of factors, of which the epigenetic influence is considered vital. To gain a better understanding of how epigenetic alterations are involved in the DSC fate determination, the present review overviews the current knowledge relating to DSC epigenetic modifications, paying special attention to the landscape of epigenetic modifying agents as well as the related signaling pathways in DSC regulation. In addition, insights into the future opportunities of epigenetic targeted therapies mediated by DSCs are discussed to hold promise for the novel therapeutic interventions in future translational medicine.
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5
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Perez-Fidalgo JA, Ortega B, Simon S, Samartzis EP, Boussios S. NOTCH signalling in ovarian cancer angiogenesis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1705. [PMID: 33490217 PMCID: PMC7812236 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signalling pathway is involved in the new vessel formation process by regulating tip and stalk cells, which are key cells in the sprout formation. This process is essential in both normal ovary and cancer angiogenesis and is regulated by Notch-VEGF crosstalk. Furthermore, Notch has been linked in ovary with stem cell maintenance and epithelial mesenchymal transition processes. Dysregulation of the Notch pathway is frequent in ovarian cancer (OC) and it has been associated with impaired survival and advanced stages or lymph node involvement. Notch also plays a role in chemoresistance to platinum. In this context, this pathway has emerged as an attractive target for precision medicine in OC. Two main targets of this pathway concentrate the clinical development of compounds blocking Notch: gamma secretase and Delta-like ligand 4. Most of the clinical trials including OC patients have been developed in phase I or phase Ib. Despite being in an early phase, both of these compounds, navicixizumab or demcizumab, two monoclonal antibodies targeting Dll4, showed promising efficacy data in platinum-resistant OC patients in recent studies. This review will focus on the mechanisms of the Notch pathway with special interest in angiogenesis regulation and the implication of Notch as a potential therapeutic target in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Alejandro Perez-Fidalgo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valencia, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Belen Ortega
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valencia, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Soraya Simon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valencia, Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, CIBERONC, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Stergios Boussios
- King's College London, School of Medicine, Guy's Campus, London, UK.,Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, UK.,AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
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6
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Arefin B, Parvin F, Bahrampour S, Stadler CB, Thor S. Drosophila Neuroblast Selection Is Gated by Notch, Snail, SoxB, and EMT Gene Interplay. Cell Rep 2020; 29:3636-3651.e3. [PMID: 31825841 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the developing Drosophila central nervous system (CNS), neural progenitor (neuroblast [NB]) selection is gated by lateral inhibition, controlled by Notch signaling and proneural genes. However, proneural mutants still generate many NBs, indicating the existence of additional proneural genes. Moreover, recent studies reveal involvement of key epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes in NB selection, but the regulatory interplay between Notch signaling and the EMT machinery is unclear. We find that SoxNeuro (SoxB family) and worniu (Snail family) are integrated with the Notch pathway, and constitute the missing proneural genes. Notch signaling, the proneural, SoxNeuro, and worniu genes regulate key EMT genes to orchestrate the NB selection process. Hence, we uncover an expanded lateral inhibition network for NB selection and demonstrate its link to key players in the EMT machinery. The evolutionary conservation of the genes involved suggests that the Notch-SoxB-Snail-EMT network may control neural progenitor selection in many other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badrul Arefin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Farjana Parvin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Shahrzad Bahrampour
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Caroline Bivik Stadler
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Stefan Thor
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, 58185 Linkoping, Sweden; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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7
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Kassmer SH, Langenbacher AD, De Tomaso AW. Integrin-alpha-6+ Candidate stem cells are responsible for whole body regeneration in the invertebrate chordate Botrylloides diegensis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4435. [PMID: 32895385 PMCID: PMC7477574 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18288-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonial ascidians are the only chordates able to undergo whole body regeneration (WBR), during which entire new bodies can be regenerated from small fragments of blood vessels. Here, we show that during the early stages of WBR in Botrylloides diegensis, proliferation occurs only in small, blood-borne cells that express integrin-alpha-6 (IA6), pou3 and vasa. WBR cannot proceed when proliferating IA6+ cells are ablated with Mitomycin C, and injection of a single IA6+ Candidate stem cell can rescue WBR after ablation. Lineage tracing using EdU-labeling demonstrates that donor-derived IA6+ Candidate stem cells directly give rise to regenerating tissues. Inhibitors of either Notch or canonical Wnt signaling block WBR and reduce proliferation of IA6+ Candidate stem cells, indicating that these two pathways regulate their activation. In conclusion, we show that IA6+ Candidate stem cells are responsible for whole body regeneration and give rise to regenerating tissues. Clonal ascidians are able to undergo whole body regeneration (WBR), where entire new bodies can be regenerated from blood vessel fragments. Here, the authors provide evidence in Botrylloides diegensis supporting pou3 and vasa expressing blood-borne cells isolated with anti-IA6 antibody as candidate stem cells responsible for WBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah H Kassmer
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, UCEN Rd, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - Adam D Langenbacher
- Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anthony W De Tomaso
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, UCEN Rd, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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8
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Meisel CT, Porcheri C, Mitsiadis TA. Cancer Stem Cells, Quo Vadis? The Notch Signaling Pathway in Tumor Initiation and Progression. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081879. [PMID: 32796631 PMCID: PMC7463613 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation, cytodifferentiation and cell fate decisions in both embryonic and adult life. Several aspects of stem cell maintenance are dependent from the functionality and fine tuning of the Notch pathway. In cancer, Notch is specifically involved in preserving self-renewal and amplification of cancer stem cells, supporting the formation, spread and recurrence of the tumor. As the function of Notch signaling is context dependent, we here provide an overview of its activity in a variety of tumors, focusing mostly on its role in the maintenance of the undifferentiated subset of cancer cells. Finally, we analyze the potential of molecules of the Notch pathway as diagnostic and therapeutic tools against the various cancers.
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9
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Méndez-Maldonado K, Vega-López GA, Aybar MJ, Velasco I. Neurogenesis From Neural Crest Cells: Molecular Mechanisms in the Formation of Cranial Nerves and Ganglia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:635. [PMID: 32850790 PMCID: PMC7427511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural crest (NC) is a transient multipotent cell population that originates in the dorsal neural tube. Cells of the NC are highly migratory, as they travel considerable distances through the body to reach their final sites. Derivatives of the NC are neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the enteric nervous system as well as non-neural cells. Different signaling pathways triggered by Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs), Wnt proteins, Notch ligands, retinoic acid (RA), and Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) participate in the processes of induction, specification, cell migration and neural differentiation of the NC. A specific set of signaling pathways and transcription factors are initially expressed in the neural plate border and then in the NC cell precursors to the formation of cranial nerves. The molecular mechanisms of control during embryonic development have been gradually elucidated, pointing to an important role of transcriptional regulators when neural differentiation occurs. However, some of these proteins have an important participation in malformations of the cranial portion and their mutation results in aberrant neurogenesis. This review aims to give an overview of the role of cell signaling and of the function of transcription factors involved in the specification of ganglia precursors and neurogenesis to form the NC-derived cranial nerves during organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Méndez-Maldonado
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guillermo A Vega-López
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Manuel J Aybar
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Iván Velasco
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular - Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Ciudad de México, Mexico
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10
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Zhu M, Li Y, Niu Y, Li J, Qin Z. Effects of bisphenol A and its alternative bisphenol F on Notch signaling and intestinal development: A novel signaling by which bisphenols disrupt vertebrate development. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114443. [PMID: 32311622 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We previously found bisphenol A (BPA) alternative, bisphenol F (BPF) upregulated Notch-related gene expression in intestines of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis, suggesting an agonistic action on Notch signaling, a crucial signaling in multiple biological processes during development. Here, we aimed to confirm the actions of BPA and BPF on Notch signaling and to reveal their effects on intestinal development. Using X. laevis, an excellent model for developmental biology, we found that 10-1000 nM BPA and BPF significantly elevated Notch-related gene expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Subsequently, exceptional cell proliferation as well as intestinal histological changes were observed in treated intestines. Importantly, Notch inhibitor markedly suppressed the effects of BPA and BPF described above. Furthermore, we employed rat intestinal epithelium cells (IEC-6), an ideal in vitro model of intestinal epithelial cell differentiation, to confirm the effects of bisphenols. As expected, BPA and BPF upregulated Notch-related gene expression and induced the translocation of the Notch intracellular domain to the nucleus, followed by exceptional cell proliferation and differentiation, whereas Notch inhibitor antagonized the effects caused by BPA and BPF. All results strongly demonstrate that both BPA and BPF activate Notch signaling and subsequently disrupt intestinal development in vertebrates. Given its fundamental roles in multiple developmental processes, we propose that Notch signaling is an important and general target signaling of bisphenols in many developing tissues of vertebrates including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yue Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhanfen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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11
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Di Sano C, D'Anna C, Ferraro M, Chiappara G, Sangiorgi C, Di Vincenzo S, Bertani A, Vitulo P, Bruno A, Dino P, Pace E. Impaired activation of Notch-1 signaling hinders repair processes of bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke. Toxicol Lett 2020; 326:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Uribe-Etxebarria V, García-Gallastegui P, Pérez-Garrastachu M, Casado-Andrés M, Irastorza I, Unda F, Ibarretxe G, Subirán N. Wnt-3a Induces Epigenetic Remodeling in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030652. [PMID: 32156036 PMCID: PMC7140622 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) from adult teeth show the expression of a very complete repertoire of stem pluripotency core factors and a high plasticity for cell reprogramming. Canonical Wnt and Notch signaling pathways regulate stemness and the expression of pluripotency core factors in DPSCs, and even very short-term (48 h) activations of the Wnt pathway induce a profound remodeling of DPSCs at the physiologic and metabolic levels. In this work, DPSC cultures were exposed to treatments modulating Notch and Wnt signaling, and also induced to differentiate to osteo/adipocytes. DNA methylation, histone acetylation, histone methylation, and core factor expression levels where assessed by mass spectroscopy, Western blot, and qPCR. A short-term activation of Wnt signaling by WNT-3A induced a genomic DNA demethylation, and increased histone acetylation and histone methylation in DPSCs. The efficiency of cell reprogramming methods relies on the ability to surpass the epigenetic barrier, which determines cell lineage specificity. This study brings important information about the regulation of the epigenetic barrier by Wnt signaling in DPSCs, which could contribute to the development of safer and less aggressive reprogramming methodologies with a view to cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Uribe-Etxebarria
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (V.U.-E.); (P.G.-G.); (M.P.-G.); (M.C.-A.); (I.I.); (F.U.)
- Pathology Department, New York University, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Patricia García-Gallastegui
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (V.U.-E.); (P.G.-G.); (M.P.-G.); (M.C.-A.); (I.I.); (F.U.)
| | - Miguel Pérez-Garrastachu
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (V.U.-E.); (P.G.-G.); (M.P.-G.); (M.C.-A.); (I.I.); (F.U.)
| | - María Casado-Andrés
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (V.U.-E.); (P.G.-G.); (M.P.-G.); (M.C.-A.); (I.I.); (F.U.)
- Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR1029. INSERM-Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Igor Irastorza
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (V.U.-E.); (P.G.-G.); (M.P.-G.); (M.C.-A.); (I.I.); (F.U.)
| | - Fernando Unda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (V.U.-E.); (P.G.-G.); (M.P.-G.); (M.C.-A.); (I.I.); (F.U.)
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (V.U.-E.); (P.G.-G.); (M.P.-G.); (M.C.-A.); (I.I.); (F.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94-601-3218
| | - Nerea Subirán
- Physiology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena, S/N, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
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Zhu M, Niu Y, Li Y, Dong M, Li J, Zeng R, Qin Z. Low Concentrations of Tetrabromobisphenol A Disrupt Notch Signaling and Intestinal Development in in Vitro and in Vivo Models. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1418-1427. [PMID: 32041402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) was recently reported to upregulate Notch target gene expression in embryonic stem cells differentiating to neurons in vitro, implying activation on Notch signaling, a crucial signaling involved in multiple organ development and homeostasis.The present study aimed to determine whether TBBPA at low concentrations can disrupt Notch signaling in the intestine and subsequently its development using in vitro and in vivo models, given TBBPA uptake mainly via the intestine. In rat intestinal epithelium cells (IEC-6), an in vitro model for intestinal development and homeostasis, we found 5-500 nM TBBPA upregulated Notch-related gene expression and stimulated cell proliferation as well as the growth of microvilli in a linear concentration-dependent manner. When Notch inhibitor DAPT had no obvious effects on all end points, DAPT significantly antagonized all changes caused by TBBPA, indicating that TBBPA activated Notch signaling in IEC-6 cells and subsequently stimulated cell proliferation and differentiation. Then we employed Xenopus laevis, an ideal model species for intestinal development with the strong similarities to mammals, to further confirm the action of TBBPA in vivo. Expectedly, we observed the stimulatory effects of TBBPA on Notch signaling and cell proliferation and differentiation in X. laevis intestines, which agrees with the results in vitro. Antagonistic actions of Notch inhibitor DBZ on TBBPA-caused intestinal changes show that TBBPA affected intestinal development via disrupting Notch signaling. Interestingly, TBBPA stimulated cell differentiation into secretory cells, which is generally believed to be regulated by Wnt signaling, suggesting disruption of Wnt signaling besides Notch signaling. All the results for the first time demonstrate that TBBPA at low concentrations, including environmentally relevant concentrations, disrupt Notch signaling and subsequently affect intestinal development by altering cell proliferation and differentiation in vertebrates. Our study highlights the intestine as a new target of TBBPA and broaden our understanding of developmental toxicity of TBBPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ran Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhanfen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Tuasha N, Petros B. Heterogeneity of Tumors in Breast Cancer: Implications and Prospects for Prognosis and Therapeutics. SCIENTIFICA 2020; 2020:4736091. [PMID: 33133722 PMCID: PMC7568790 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4736091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in women comprising 16% of all female cancers. The disease shows high intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges with unpredictable clinical outcome and response to existing therapy. Mounting evidence is ascertaining that breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor initiation, progression, recurrence, evolution, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therapeutics selectively targeting the CSCs based on distinct surface molecular markers and enhanced intracellular activities of these cells continue to evolve and hold significant promise. Having plethora of heterogeneity accompanied with failure of existing conventional therapeutics and poor prognosis, the present review focuses on elucidating the main signaling pathways in breast CSCs as major therapeutic targets. The role of developments in nanomedicine and miRNA as targeted delivery of therapeutic anticancer agents is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigatu Tuasha
- Addis Ababa University, College of Natural Science, Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Beyene Petros
- Addis Ababa University, College of Natural Science, Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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15
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Liu X, Zhu X, Zhu G, Wang C, Gao R, Ma J. Effects of Different Ligands in the Notch Signaling Pathway on the Proliferation and Transdifferentiation of Primary Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:452. [PMID: 32850559 PMCID: PMC7424003 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Transdifferentiation of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII) into type I alveolar epithelial cells (AECI) is involved in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Different ligands of the Notch pathway could have different effects on AECII transdifferentiation. Objective: To investigate the effects of Dlk1 and Jagged1 on the proliferation and transdifferentiation of AECII. Methods: Fetal AECIIs (19 days of gestation) were divided: control group, Dlk1 group, rhNF-κB group. Proliferation was tested using the MTT assay. Expression of surfactant protein C (SP-C) and aquaporin 5 (AQP5) was examined by immunofluorescence. mRNA and protein levels of SP-C, AQP5, Nortch1, Dlk1, Jagged1, and Hes1 were examined by RT-PCR and western blot. Results: In response to Dlk1, cell number and proliferation were increased (P < 0.05), and mRNA and protein levels of SP-C, Dlk1, Notch1, and Hes1 were up-regulated, while AQP and Jagged1 were decreased. In response to rhNF-κB, the cell number and proliferation were reduced, and mRNA and protein levels of Jagged1 and Notch1 were up-regulated, while Dlk1, and SP-C were downregulated. In the Dlk1 group, SP-C, and AQP5 expression patterns suggested that the cells were still transdifferentiating by 96 h, while in the rhNF-κB group, most cells had transdifferentiated by 72 h and were close to apoptosis by 96 h. Conclusion: These results suggest that Dlk1 promoted proliferation of AECIIs and inhibited cell transdifferentiation, while Jagged1 treatment inhibited proliferation of AECIIs and promoted transdifferentiation to AECIs. These results provide some clue for the eventual management of NDRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiang Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Ruiwei Gao
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinshuai Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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16
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Zhang T, Zheng Y, Gao Y, Zhao T, Guo S, Yang L, Shi Y, Zhou L, Ye L. Exposure to PM 2.5 affects blood lipid levels in asthmatic rats through notch signaling pathway. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:160. [PMID: 31391046 PMCID: PMC6686462 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have confirmed atmospheric PM2.5 could affect asthma, and dyslipidemia may be related to pathogenesis of asthma. Recent studies show Notch ligands had lipid combination domains which are responsible for regulating lipid levels. However, the effect of PM2.5 on asthmatic rats' lipid levels and the role of Notch signaling pathway is unclear. METHODS Rats were treat with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish asthma models. Notch signaling pathway inhibitor (DAPT) was injected intraperitoneally. Asthmatic and healthy rats were exposed to different concentrations of PM2.5. Lung tissues were collected and the expression of Hes1 protein was detected by Western Blot. Blood samples were collected to detect the serum lipid levels. RESULTS Hes1 expression levels in healthy and asthma pathway inhibition groups were lower than those in control groups. Compared with control group, rats exposed to PM2.5 in middle and high dose, the levels of TG and TC were decreased. Similar results were observed after exposure to the same concentration of PM2.5 in asthmatic rats. Rats, which were exposed to PM2.5 after being established the asthma model successfully, could exhibit more significant dyslipidemia than those with direct exposure. After Notch signaling pathway inhibited, TC and LDL in asthma pathway inhibition group were lower than those in healthy group. CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 can affect the lipid levels of asthmatic rats through the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- The Department of Cadre ward, the first Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yizhen Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Tianyang Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shuangyu Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Liwei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanbin Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xin Min Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
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17
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Nishihara S. Glycans in stem cell regulation: from
Drosophila
tissue stem cells to mammalian pluripotent stem cells. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3773-3790. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Nishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology Department of Bioinformatics Graduate School of Engineering Soka University Hachioji Japan
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18
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Gambucci M, Tarpani L, Zampini G, Massaro G, Nocchetti M, Sassi P, Latterini L. Fluorimetric Studies of a Transmembrane Protein and Its Interactions with Differently Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6872-6879. [PMID: 29911868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins play important roles in intercellular signaling to regulate interactions among the adjacent cells and influence cell fate. The study of interactions between membrane proteins and nanomaterials is paramount for the design of nanomaterial-based therapies. In the present work, the fluorescence properties of the transmembrane receptor Notch2 have been investigated. In particular, the steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence methods have been used to characterize the emission of tryptophan residues of Notch2 and then this emission is used to monitor the effect of silver colloids on protein behavior. To this aim, silver colloids are prepared with two different methods to make sure that they bear hydrophilic (citrate ions, C-AgNPs) or hydrophobic (dodecanethiol molecules, D-AgNPs) capping agents. The preparation procedures are tightly controlled to obtain metal cores with similar size distributions (7.4 ± 2.5 and 5.0 ± 0.8 nm, respectively), thus, making the comparison of the results easier. The occurrence of strong interactions between Notch2 and D-AgNPs is suggested by the efficient and statistically relevant quenching of the stationary protein emission already at low nanoparticle (NP) concentrations (ca. 12% quenching with [D-AgNPs] = 0.6 nM). The quenching becomes even more pronounced (ca. 60%) when [D-AgNPs] is raised to 8.72 nM. On the other hand, the addition of increasing concentrations of C-AgNPs to Notch2 does not affect the protein fluorescence (intensity variations below 5%) indicating that negligible interactions are taking place. The fluorescence data, recorded in the presence of increasing concentrations of silver nanoparticles, are then analyzed through the Stern-Volmer equation and the sphere of action model to discuss the nature of interactions. The effect of D-AgNPs on the fluorescence decay times of Notch2 is also investigated and a decrease in the average decay time is observed (from 4.64 to 3.42 ns). The observed variations of the stationary and time-resolved fluorescence behavior of the protein are discussed in terms of static and collisional interactions. These results document that the capping shell is able to drive the protein-particle interactions, which likely have a hydrophobic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gambucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto, 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Luigi Tarpani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto, 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Giulia Zampini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto, 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Giuseppina Massaro
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto, 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Morena Nocchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università di Perugia , Via del Liceo 1 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Paola Sassi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto, 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
| | - Loredana Latterini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie , Università di Perugia , Via Elce di Sotto, 8 , 06123 Perugia , Italy
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19
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Lin Z, Chen B, Wu T, Xu X. Highly Tumorigenic Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Cells Are Produced by Coculture with Stromal Cells. Acta Haematol 2018; 139:201-216. [PMID: 29791894 DOI: 10.1159/000488385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is heterogeneous. We aimed to explore how tumor microenvironment promotes lymphoma cell aggressiveness and heterogeneity. METHODS We created a coculture system using human DLBCL cells and mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Proliferative capacity, drug resistance, clonogenicity, and tumorigenicity were compared in lymphoma cells from the coculture system and lymphoma cells cultured alone. Expression of Notch signaling associated genes was evaluated using real-time reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Lymphoma cells in the coculture system differentiated into a suspended cell group and an adherent cell group. They acquired a stronger proliferative capacity and drug resistance than lymphoma cells cultured alone, and differences existed between the adherent cell and suspended cell groups. The suspended cell group acquired the most powerful clonogenic and tumorigenic potential. However, Notch3 was exclusively expressed in the adherent lymphoma cell group and the use of N-[N-(3, 5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, an inhibitor of Notch pathway, could abolish the emergence of highly aggressive lymphoma cells. CONCLUSION Highly tumorigenic lymphoma cells could be generated by coculture with stromal cells, and it was dependent on Notch3 expression in the adjacent lymphoma cells through interaction with stromal cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Mice
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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20
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Liu Q, Jin LH. Tissue-resident stem cell activity: a view from the adult Drosophila gastrointestinal tract. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:33. [PMID: 28923062 PMCID: PMC5604405 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0184-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract serves as a fast-renewing model for unraveling the multifaceted molecular mechanisms underlying remarkably rapid cell renewal, which is exclusively fueled by a small number of long-lived stem cells and their progeny. Stem cell activity is the best-characterized aspect of mucosal homeostasis in mitotically active tissues, and the dysregulation of regenerative capacity is a hallmark of epithelial immune defects. This dysregulation is frequently associated with pathologies ranging from chronic enteritis to malignancies in humans. Application of the adult Drosophila gastrointestinal tract model in current and future studies to analyze the immuno-physiological aspects of epithelial defense strategies, including stem cell behavior and re-epithelialization, will be necessary to improve our general understanding of stem cell participation in epithelial turnover. In this review, which describes exciting observations obtained from the adult Drosophila gastrointestinal tract, we summarize a remarkable series of recent findings in the literature to decipher the molecular mechanisms through which stem cells respond to nonsterile environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No.26 Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Li Hua Jin
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, No.26 Hexing Road Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China.
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21
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A genetic framework controlling the differentiation of intestinal stem cells during regeneration in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006854. [PMID: 28662029 PMCID: PMC5510897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The speed of stem cell differentiation has to be properly coupled with self-renewal, both under basal conditions for tissue maintenance and during regeneration for tissue repair. Using the Drosophila midgut model, we analyze at the cellular and molecular levels the differentiation program required for robust regeneration. We observe that the intestinal stem cell (ISC) and its differentiating daughter, the enteroblast (EB), form extended cell-cell contacts in regenerating intestines. The contact between progenitors is stabilized by cell adhesion molecules, and can be dynamically remodeled to elicit optimal juxtacrine Notch signaling to determine the speed of progenitor differentiation. Notably, increasing the adhesion property of progenitors by expressing Connectin is sufficient to induce rapid progenitor differentiation. We further demonstrate that JAK/STAT signaling, Sox21a and GATAe form a functional relay to orchestrate EB differentiation. Thus, our study provides new insights into the complex and sequential events that are required for rapid differentiation following stem cell division during tissue replenishment.
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22
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Verckist L, Lembrechts R, Thys S, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, Brouns I, Adriaensen D. Selective gene expression analysis of the neuroepithelial body microenvironment in postnatal lungs with special interest for potential stem cell characteristics. Respir Res 2017; 18:87. [PMID: 28482837 PMCID: PMC5422937 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pulmonary neuroepithelial body (NEB) microenvironment (ME) consists of innervated cell clusters that occur sparsely distributed in the airway epithelium, an organization that has so far hampered reliable selective gene expression analysis. Although the NEB ME has been suggested to be important for airway epithelial repair after ablation, little is known about their potential stem cell characteristics in healthy postnatal lungs. Here we report on a large-scale selective gene expression analysis of the NEB ME. METHODS A GAD67-GFP mouse model was used that harbors GFP-fluorescent NEBs, allowing quick selection and pooling by laser microdissection (LMD) without further treatment. A panel of stem cell-related PCR arrays was used to selectively compare mRNA expression in the NEB ME to control airway epithelium (CAE). For genes that showed a higher expression in the NEB ME, a ranking was made based on the relative expression level. Single qPCR and immunohistochemistry were used to validate and quantify the PCR array data. RESULTS Careful optimization of all protocols appeared to be essential to finally obtain high-quality RNA from pooled LMD samples of NEB ME. About 30% of the more than 600 analyzed genes showed an at least two-fold higher expression compared to CAE. The gene that showed the highest relative expression in the NEB ME, Delta-like ligand 3 (Dll3), was investigated in more detail. Selective Dll3 gene expression in the NEB ME could be quantified via single qPCR experiments, and Dll3 protein expression could be localized specifically to NEB cell surface membranes. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasized the importance of good protocols and RNA quality controls because of the, often neglected, fast RNA degradation in postnatal lung samples. It was shown that sufficient amounts of high-quality RNA for reliable complex gene expression analysis can be obtained from pooled LMD-collected NEB ME samples of postnatal lungs. Dll3 expression, which has also been reported to be important in high-grade pulmonary tumor-initiating cells, was used as a proof-of-concept to confirm that the described methodology represents a promising tool for further unraveling the molecular basis of NEB ME physiology in general, and its postnatal stem cell capacities in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Verckist
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Robrecht Lembrechts
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sofie Thys
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Inge Brouns
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dirk Adriaensen
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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23
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Comprehensive Cell Surface Protein Profiling Identifies Specific Markers of Human Naive and Primed Pluripotent States. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 20:874-890.e7. [PMID: 28343983 PMCID: PMC5459756 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exist in naive and primed states and provide important models to investigate the earliest stages of human development. Naive cells can be obtained through primed-to-naive resetting, but there are no reliable methods to prospectively isolate unmodified naive cells during this process. Here we report comprehensive profiling of cell surface proteins by flow cytometry in naive and primed human PSCs. Several naive-specific, but not primed-specific, proteins were also expressed by pluripotent cells in the human preimplantation embryo. The upregulation of naive-specific cell surface proteins during primed-to-naive resetting enabled the isolation and characterization of live naive cells and intermediate cell populations. This analysis revealed distinct transcriptional and X chromosome inactivation changes associated with the early and late stages of naive cell formation. Thus, identification of state-specific proteins provides a robust set of molecular markers to define the human PSC state and allows new insights into the molecular events leading to naive cell resetting. Flow cytometry profiles cell surface proteins in naive and primed human PSCs The human PSC state can be defined using robust state-specific protein markers Identified cell surface proteins track the dynamics of naive-primed PSC conversions Analyses of early-stage naive cells reveal transcription events during conversion
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24
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Notch signalling in placental development and gestational diseases. Placenta 2017; 56:65-72. [PMID: 28117145 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Activation of Notch signalling upon cell-cell contact of neighbouring cells controls a plethora of cellular processes such as stem cell maintenance, cell lineage determination, cell proliferation, and survival. Accumulating evidence suggests that the pathway also critically regulates these events during placental development and differentiation. Herein, we summarize our present knowledge about Notch signalling in murine and human placentation and discuss its potential role in the pathophysiology of gestational disorders. Studies in mice suggest that Notch controls trophectoderm formation, decidualization, placental branching morphogenesis and endovascular trophoblast invasion. In humans, the particular signalling cascade promotes formation of the extravillous trophoblast lineage and regulates trophoblast proliferation, survival and differentiation. Expression patterns as well as functional analyses indicate distinct roles of Notch receptors in different trophoblast subtypes. Altered effects of Notch signalling have been detected in choriocarcinoma cells, consistent with its role in cancer development and progression. Moreover, deregulation of Notch signalling components were observed in pregnancy disorders such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. In summary, Notch plays fundamental roles in different developmental processes of the placenta. Abnormal signalling through this pathway could contribute to the pathogenesis of gestational diseases with aberrant placentation and trophoblast function.
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Chen X, Li S, Zeng Z, Gu Z, Yu Y, zheng F, Zhou Y, Wang H. Notch1 signalling inhibits apoptosis of human dental follicle stem cells via both the cytoplasmic mitochondrial pathway and nuclear transcription regulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 82:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Notch1 controls development of the extravillous trophoblast lineage in the human placenta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E7710-E7719. [PMID: 27849611 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1612335113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the human placenta and its different epithelial trophoblasts is crucial for a successful pregnancy. Besides fusing into a multinuclear syncytium, the exchange surface between mother and fetus, progenitors develop into extravillous trophoblasts invading the maternal uterus and its spiral arteries. Migration into these vessels promotes remodelling and, as a consequence, adaption of blood flow to the fetal-placental unit. Defects in remodelling and trophoblast differentiation are associated with severe gestational diseases, such as preeclampsia. However, mechanisms controlling human trophoblast development are largely unknown. Herein, we show that Notch1 is one such critical regulator, programming primary trophoblasts into progenitors of the invasive differentiation pathway. At the 12th wk of gestation, Notch1 is exclusively detected in precursors of the extravillous trophoblast lineage, forming cell columns anchored to the uterine stroma. At the 6th wk, Notch1 is additionally expressed in clusters of villous trophoblasts underlying the syncytium, suggesting that the receptor initiates the invasive differentiation program in distal regions of the developing placental epithelium. Manipulation of Notch1 in primary trophoblast models demonstrated that the receptor promotes proliferation and survival of extravillous trophoblast progenitors. Notch1 intracellular domain induced genes associated with stemness of cell columns, myc and VE-cadherin, in Notch1- fusogenic precursors, and bound to the myc promoter and enhancer region at RBPJκ cognate sequences. In contrast, Notch1 repressed syncytialization and expression of TEAD4 and p63, two regulators controlling self-renewal of villous cytotrophoblasts. Our results revealed Notch1 as a key factor promoting development of progenitors of the extravillous trophoblast lineage in the human placenta.
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Yu Z, Zou Y, Fan J, Li C, Ma L. Notch1 is associated with the differentiation of human bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells to cardiomyocytes. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5065-5071. [PMID: 27779661 PMCID: PMC5355702 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is involved in the early process of differentiation to determine the fate of stem cells. However, the precise role of Notch in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the involvement of Notch signalling during the course of hBMSC differentiation into cardiomyocytes using hBMSCs, with multilineage differentiation ability, isolated and purified from human bone marrow. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that CD29, CD44 and CD90 were highly expressed on the surface of cells in their fifth passage, whereas detection of CD34, CD45, CD54 and HLA-DR was negative. Visualization of morphological changes, western blotting, immunocytochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) demonstrated that hBMSCs differentiate into cardiomyocytes through treatment with 5-azacytidine (5-aza). Transmission electron microscopy revealed ultramicroscopic details of differentiated hBMSCs. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry demonstrated increased protein expression levels of α-actin and cardiac troponin T expression, and RT-qPCR revealed increased mRNA expression of Notch1 early in the process of differentiation (days 1, 4 and 7), and increased mRNA expression levels of the transcription factors GATA binding protein-4 and NK2 homeobox 5 at day 28 day. In conclusion, differentiation of hBMSCs into cardiomyocytes was induced in vitro by 5-aza, and was associated with upregulation of Notch1, GATA binding protein-4 and Nkx2.5 expression. Overexpression of the Notch1 signaling pathway may represent a potential mechanism underlying the differentiation of hBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipu Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Jingya Fan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Chengchen Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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Zou W, Ma X, Hua W, Chen B, Cai G. Caveolin-1 mediates chemoresistance in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells by targeting apoptosis through the Notch-1/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Oncol Rep 2016; 34:3256-63. [PMID: 26503358 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a family of ubiquitously expressed oligomeric structural proteins in many mammalian cells, has been shown to be an effective regulator of tumorigenesis. Recent studies have indicated that Cav-1 can promote resistance to chemotherapy in a variety of tumors. However, the regulation of Cav-1 on chemoresistance in ovarian cancer is still unknown. In the present study, the mRNA and protein expression level was investigated by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively, and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was measured by MTT assay. The protein expression level of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), Notch-1, p-Akt and p-NF-κB p65 were detected using western blot analysis and the apoptotic ratio was determined using the Annexin V-FITC/PI detection kit. The results showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of Cav-1 were significantly higher in SKOV3/DDP and A2780/DDP than in SKOV3 and A2780, respectively. Knockdown of Cav-1 significantly decreased the IC50 value in cisplatin-resistant cells. The protein expression level of P-gp in SKOV3/DDP and A2780/DDP was significant higher than SKOV3 and A2780, respectively, and had no correlation with the Cav-1 siRNA transfection. The apoptotic ratio induced by cisplatin in normal ovarian cancer cells was higher than cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells, and knockdown of Cav-1 could significantly enhance cisplatin induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, knockdown of Cav-1 was also able to significantly downregulate the protein expression level of Notch-1, p-Akt and p-NF-κB p65 in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Overexpression of Cav-1 upregulated the IC50 value, but under the effect of Notch-1 siRNA or LY294002 or PDTC, the IC50 value was markedly decreased. Our results suggested that Cav-1 can promote the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer by targeting apoptosis through the Notch-1/Akt/NF-κB pathway.
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Tang Z, Wei J, Yu Y, Zhang J, Liu L, Tang W, Long J, Zheng X, Jing W. γ-Secretase inhibitor reverts the Notch signaling attenuation of osteogenic differentiation in aged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:439-47. [PMID: 26801333 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The age-related changes in cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play pivotal roles in the fracture healing process, especially in geriatric individuals. This study was designed to explore the age-related changes in murine BMSCs and the regulation of osteogenic differentiation in aged BMSCs in vitro. Notch signaling pathway took part in the regulation of osteogensis, while the relationship between Notch and the osteogenic differentiation in aged BMSCs has not been reported yet. BMSCs harvested from the bone marrow of young, adult, and aged C57BL/6 mice were cultured in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation media. Histochemical staining results indicated that the osteogenic ability of BMSCs gradually decreased with aging, whereas the adipogenic ability increased. Cell activity assays showed that the proliferative and migrated capacity did not decline with aging significantly. According to real-time PCR and Western blotting results, the aged cells exhibited higher Notch signaling expression level than the younger ones did. After the aged BMSCs being treated with γ-secretase inhibitor, however, Notch activity was changed and the aging-imparied osteogenic ability reverted to a normal level. This study demonstrated that the decreased bone formation capacity in aged BMSCs had relationship with the transdifferentiation between osteogenesis and adipogenesis, which would be regulated by Notch signaling pathway and the attenuated osteogenesis in aged BMSCs could be promoted when the inhibition of Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junjun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunbo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Tan MT, Hong Y, Han J, Jiang X. Expression of Hes1 during transdifferentiation of hUMSCs into islet progenitor cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:1357-1365. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i9.1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To detect the expression of Hes1 during the transdifferentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchyreal stem cells (hUMSCs) into islet progenitor cells.
METHODS: After hUMSCs were isolated, cultivated and identified, hUMSCs at passage 5 were subjected staged induction to differentiate into islet precursor cells. Cell morphology was observed using an inverted phase contrast microscope. The expressions of insulin, neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) and glucagon after induction were detected by immunocytochemistry. The expression of Hes1 and Ngn3 was evaluated by immunocytochemistry and Western blot on 7 d, 14 d, and 21 d after induction.
RESULTS: After induction, HUMSCs became larger and colony-like, which is the characteristic of pancreatic progenitor cells. The expression of Ngn3, insulin and glucagon was positive. The level of Ngn3 increased gradually in the process of induction, peaked on 14 d (E2) and fell down on 21 d (E3). However, Hes1 remained unchanged from 7 d to 14 d, but was reduced on 21 d (E3).
CONCLUSION: The Notch signaling pathways' node molecule Hes1 may play an important role in the transdifferentiation of hUMSCs into islet progenitor cells.
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Shen Y, Zuo S, Wang Y, Shi H, Yan S, Chen D, Xiao B, Zhang J, Gong Y, Shi M, Tang J, Kong D, Lu L, Yu Y, Zhou B, Duan SZ, Schneider C, Funk CD, Yu Y. Thromboxane Governs the Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Toward Endothelial Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Circ Res 2016; 118:1194-207. [PMID: 26957525 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Autologous adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) offer great promise as angiogenic cell therapy for ischemic diseases. Because of their limited self-renewal capacity and pluripotentiality, the therapeutic efficacy of ASCs is still relatively low. Thromboxane has been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. However, little is known about the effects of thromboxane on ASC-mediated angiogenesis. OBJECTIVE To explore the role of the thromboxane-prostanoid receptor (TP) in mediating the angiogenic capacity of ASCs in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS ASCs were prepared from mouse epididymal fat pads and induced to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) by vascular endothelial growth factor. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression, thromboxane production, and TP expression were upregulated in ASCs on vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of TP in mouse or human ASCs accelerated EC differentiation and increased tube formation in vitro, enhanced angiogenesis in in vivo Matrigel plugs and ischemic mouse hindlimbs. TP deficiency resulted in a significant cellular accumulation of β-catenin by suppression of calpain-mediated degradation in ASCs. Knockdown of β-catenin completely abrogated the enhanced EC differentiation of TP-deficient ASCs, whereas inhibition of calpain reversed the suppressed angiogenic capacity of TP re-expressed ASCs. Moreover, TP was coupled with Gαq to induce calpain-mediated suppression of β-catenin signaling through calcium influx in ASCs. CONCLUSION Thromboxane restrained EC differentiation of ASCs through TP-mediated repression of the calpain-dependent β-catenin signaling pathway. These results indicate that TP inhibition could be a promising strategy for therapy utilizing ASCs in the treatment of ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Shen
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Shengkai Zuo
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Hongfei Shi
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Shuai Yan
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Di Chen
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Bing Xiao
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Yanjun Gong
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Maohua Shi
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Juan Tang
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Deping Kong
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Luheng Lu
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Yu Yu
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Sheng-Zhong Duan
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Claudio Schneider
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Colin D Funk
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.)
| | - Ying Yu
- From the Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.S., S.Z., Y.W., S.Y., D.C., B.X., J.Z., Y.G., M.S., J.T., D.K., L.L., Y.Y., B.Z., S.-Z.D., Y.Y.); Department of Nutrition, The NO.2 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China (Y.S., H.S.); Laboratorio Nazionale del Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, AREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy (C.S.); Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy (C.S.); and Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.D.F.).
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Notch1 deficiency decreases hepatic lipid accumulation by induction of fatty acid oxidation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19377. [PMID: 26786165 PMCID: PMC4726366 DOI: 10.1038/srep19377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling pathways modulate various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and communication. Recent studies have demonstrated that Notch1 signaling also regulates hepatic glucose production and lipid synthesis. However, the effect of Notch1 signaling on hepatic lipid oxidation has not yet been directly investigated. To define the function of Notch1 signaling in hepatic lipid metabolism, wild type mice and Notch1 deficient antisense transgenic (NAS) mice were fed a high-fat diet. High-fat diet -fed NAS mice exhibited a marked reduction in hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation compared with wild type obese mice. The improved fatty liver was associated with an increased expression of hepatic genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. However, lipogenic genes were not differentially expressed in the NAS liver, suggesting lipolytic-specific regulatory effects by Notch1 signaling. Expression of fatty acid oxidative genes and the rate of fatty acid oxidation were also increased by inhibition of Notch1 signaling in HepG2 cells. In addition, similar regulatory effects on lipid accumulation were observed in adipocytes. Taken together, these data show that inhibition of Notch1 signaling can regulate the expression of fatty acid oxidation genes and may provide therapeutic strategies in obesity-induced hepatic steatosis.
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Pant S, Jones SF, Kurkjian CD, Infante JR, Moore KN, Burris HA, McMeekin DS, Benhadji KA, Patel BKR, Frenzel MJ, Kursar JD, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Yuen ESM, Chan EM, Bendell JC. A first-in-human phase I study of the oral Notch inhibitor, LY900009, in patients with advanced cancer. Eur J Cancer 2016; 56:1-9. [PMID: 26798966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notch signalling regulates stem cell development and survival and is deregulated in multiple malignancies. LY900009 is a small molecule inhibitor of Notch signalling via selective inhibition of the γ-secretase protein. We report the first-in-human phase I trial of LY900009. METHODS Dose escalation (Part A) was performed in cohorts of three advanced cancer patients using a modified continual reassessment method and dose confirmation (Part B) was performed in ovarian cancer patients. LY900009 was taken orally thrice weekly (every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) during a 28-d cycle. The primary objective determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD); secondary end-points included toxicity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumour activity. RESULTS Thirty-five patients received LY900009 at dose levels ranging from 2-60 mg. Study drug-related adverse events were diarrhoea (46%), vomiting (34%), anorexia (31%), nausea (31%), and fatigue (23%). At 30 mg, a dose-limiting toxicity (grade III mucosal inflammation) was observed. LY900009 absorption was rapid, with median tmax at 1-4 h post-dose. LY900009 inhibited plasma levels of amyloid-β peptide in a dose-dependent manner with 80-90% inhibition observed in the 30- to 60-mg cohorts. No responses were seen, but five patients had stable disease. Two patients (5.7%) with leiomyosarcoma and ovarian cancer received four cycles of therapy. One patient (15 mg) showed markedly increased glandular mucin consistent with pharmacologic inhibition of the Notch pathway. CONCLUSIONS The recommended MTD schedule for future studies was 30 mg thrice weekly, which exceeds the target inhibition level observed in preclinical models to promote tumour regression in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Pant
- Stephenson Cancer Center University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Carla D Kurkjian
- Stephenson Cancer Center University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Infante
- Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kathleen N Moore
- Stephenson Cancer Center University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Howard A Burris
- Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Donald S McMeekin
- Stephenson Cancer Center University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Johanna C Bendell
- Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Lin CY, Barry-Holson KQ, Allison KH. Breast cancer stem cells: are we ready to go from bench to bedside? Histopathology 2015; 68:119-37. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Yu Lin
- Department of Pathology; Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
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Pang S, Shen J, Liu Y, Chen F, Zheng Z, James AW, Hsu CY, Zhang H, Lee KS, Wang C, Li C, Chen X, Jia H, Zhang X, Soo C, Ting K. Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells induced by a short isoform of NELL-1. Stem Cells 2015; 33:904-15. [PMID: 25376942 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neural epidermal growth factor-like (NEL)-like protein 1 (NELL-1) has been identified as an osteoinductive differentiation factor that promotes mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic differentiation. In addition to full-length NELL-1, there are several NELL-1-related transcripts reported. We used rapid amplification of cDNA ends to recover potential cDNA of NELL-1 isoforms. A NELL-1 isoform with the N-terminal 240 amino acid (aa) residues truncated was identified. While full-length NELL-1 that contains 810 aa residues (NELL-1810 ) plays an important role in embryologic skeletal development, the N-terminal-truncated NELL-1 isoform (NELL-1570 ) was expressed postnatally. Similar to NELL-1810 , NELL-1570 induced MSC osteogenic differentiation. In addition, NELL-1570 significantly stimulated MSC proliferation in multiple MSC-like populations such as murine C3H10T1/2 MSC cell line, mouse primary MSCs, and perivascular stem cells, which is a type of stem cells proposed as the perivascular origin of MSCs. In contrast, NELL-1810 demonstrated only limited stimulation of MSC proliferation. Similar to NELL-1810 , NELL-1570 was found to be secreted from host cells. Both NELL-1570 expression lentiviral vector and column-purified recombinant protein NELL-1570 demonstrated almost identical effects in MSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, suggesting that NELL-1570 may function as a pro-osteogenic growth factor. In vivo, NELL-1570 induced significant calvarial defect regeneration accompanied by increased cell proliferation. Thus, NELL-1570 has the potential to be used for cell-based or hormone-based therapy of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Pang
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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Nászai M, Carroll LR, Cordero JB. Intestinal stem cell proliferation and epithelial homeostasis in the adult Drosophila midgut. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 67:9-14. [PMID: 26024801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Adult tissue homeostasis requires a tight balance between the removal of old or damaged cells and the production of new ones. Such processes are usually driven by dedicated stem cells that reside within specific tissue locations or niches. The intestinal epithelium has a remarkable regenerative capacity, which has made it a prime paradigm for the study of stem cell-driven tissue self-renewal. The discovery of the presence of stem cells in the adult midgut of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has significantly impacted our understanding of the role of stem cells in intestinal homeostasis. Here we will review the current knowledge of the main mechanisms involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis in the adult Drosophila midgut, with a focus on the role of stem cells in this process. We will also discuss processes involving acute or chronic disruption of normal intestinal homeostasis such as damage-induced regeneration and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Nászai
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, G61 1QH Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lynsey R Carroll
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, G61 1QH Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Julia B Cordero
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, G61 1QH Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Sirakov M, Boussouar A, Kress E, Frau C, Lone IN, Nadjar J, Angelov D, Plateroti M. The thyroid hormone nuclear receptor TRα1 controls the Notch signaling pathway and cell fate in murine intestine. Development 2015; 142:2764-74. [PMID: 26286942 DOI: 10.1242/dev.121962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones control various aspects of gut development and homeostasis. The best-known example is in gastrointestinal tract remodeling during amphibian metamorphosis. It is well documented that these hormones act via the TR nuclear receptors, which are hormone-modulated transcription factors. Several studies have shown that thyroid hormones regulate the expression of several genes in the Notch signaling pathway, indicating a possible means by which they participate in the control of gut physiology. However, the mechanisms and biological significance of this control have remained unexplored. Using multiple in vivo and in vitro approaches, we show that thyroid hormones positively regulate Notch activity through the TRα1 receptor. From a molecular point of view, TRα1 indirectly controls Notch1, Dll1, Dll4 and Hes1 expression but acts as a direct transcriptional regulator of the Jag1 gene by binding to a responsive element in the Jag1 promoter. Our findings show that the TRα1 nuclear receptor plays a key role in intestinal crypt progenitor/stem cell biology by controlling the Notch pathway and hence the balance between cell proliferation and cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sirakov
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 16 Rue Raphael Dubois, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Amina Boussouar
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 16 Rue Raphael Dubois, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Elsa Kress
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 16 Rue Raphael Dubois, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Carla Frau
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 16 Rue Raphael Dubois, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Imtiaz Nisar Lone
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, Lyon 69007, France
| | - Julien Nadjar
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 16 Rue Raphael Dubois, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Dimitar Angelov
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la cellule, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, Lyon 69007, France
| | - Michelina Plateroti
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 16 Rue Raphael Dubois, Villeurbanne 69622, France
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Palazzo E, Morandi P, Lotti R, Saltari A, Truzzi F, Schnebert S, Dumas M, Marconi A, Pincelli C. Notch Cooperates with Survivin to Maintain Stemness and to Stimulate Proliferation in Human Keratinocytes during Ageing. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26291-302. [PMID: 26540052 PMCID: PMC4661807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway orchestrates cell fate by either inducing cell differentiation or maintaining cells in an undifferentiated state. This study aims to evaluate Notch expression and function in normal human keratinocytes. Notch1 is expressed in all epidermal layers, though to a different degree of intensity, with a dramatic decrease during ageing. Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) levels are decreased during transit from keratinocyte stem cells (KSC) to transit amplifying (TA) cells, mimicking survivin expression in samples from donors of all ages. Calcium markedly reduces N1ICD levels in keratinocytes. N1ICD overexpression induces the up-regulation of survivin and the down-regulation of keratin 10 and involucrin, while increasing the S phase of the cell cycle. On the other hand, Notch1 inhibition (DAPT) dose-dependently decreases survivin, stimulates differentiation, and reduces keratinocyte proliferation in samples from donors of all ages. Silencing Notch downgrades survivin and increases keratin 10. In addition, Notch1 inhibition decreases survivin levels and proliferation both in KSC and TA cells. Finally, while survivin overexpression decreases keratinocyte differentiation and increases N1ICD expression both in KSC and TA cells, silencing survivin results in N1ICD down-regulation and an increase in differentiation markers. These results suggest that the Notch1/survivin crosstalk contributes to the maintenance of stemness in human keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Palazzo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, Modena 41121, Italy.
| | - Paolo Morandi
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, Modena 41121, Italy.
| | - Roberta Lotti
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, Modena 41121, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Saltari
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, Modena 41121, Italy.
| | - Francesca Truzzi
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, Modena 41121, Italy.
| | | | - Marc Dumas
- LVMH Recherche, 185 Avenue de Verdun, Saint Jean de Braye 45800, France.
| | - Alessandra Marconi
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, Modena 41121, Italy.
| | - Carlo Pincelli
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Biology, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, Modena 41121, Italy.
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40
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Romero-Carvajal A, Navajas Acedo J, Jiang L, Kozlovskaja-Gumbrienė A, Alexander R, Li H, Piotrowski T. Regeneration of Sensory Hair Cells Requires Localized Interactions between the Notch and Wnt Pathways. Dev Cell 2015; 34:267-82. [PMID: 26190147 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, mechano-electrical transduction of sound is accomplished by sensory hair cells. Whereas mammalian hair cells are not replaced when lost, in fish they constantly renew and regenerate after injury. In vivo tracking and cell fate analyses of all dividing cells during lateral line hair cell regeneration revealed that support and hair cell progenitors localize to distinct tissue compartments. Importantly, we find that the balance between self-renewal and differentiation in these compartments is controlled by spatially restricted Notch signaling and its inhibition of Wnt-induced proliferation. The ability to simultaneously study and manipulate individual cell behaviors and multiple pathways in vivo transforms the lateral line into a powerful paradigm to mechanistically dissect sensory organ regeneration. The striking similarities to other vertebrate stem cell compartments uniquely place zebrafish to help elucidate why mammals possess such low capacity to regenerate hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Romero-Carvajal
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | | | - Linjia Jiang
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | | | | | - Hua Li
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Tatjana Piotrowski
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
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Abstract
The discovery of Drosophila stem cells with striking similarities to mammalian stem cells has brought new hope for stem cell research. Recent developments in Drosophila stem cell research is bringing wider opportunities for contemporary stem cell biologists. In this regard, Drosophila germ cells are becoming a popular model of stem cell research. In several cases, genes that controlled Drosophila stem cells were later discovered to have functional homologs in mammalian stem cells. Like mammals, Drosophila germline stem cells (GSCs) are controlled by both intrinsic as well as external signals. Inside the Drosophila testes, germline and somatic stem cells form a cluster of cells (the hub). Hub cells depend on JAK-STAT signaling, and, in absence of this signal, they do not self-renew. In Drosophila, significant changes occur within the stem cell niche that contributes to a decline in stem cell number over time. In case of aging Drosophila, somatic niche cells show reduced DE-cadherin and unpaired (Upd) proteins. Unpaired proteins are known to directly decrease stem cell number within the niches, and, overexpression of upd within niche cells restored GSCs in older males also . Stem cells in the midgut of Drosophila are also very promising. Reduced Notch signaling was found to increase the number of midgut progenitor cells. On the other hand, activation of the Notch pathway decreased proliferation of these cells. Further research in this area should lead to the discovery of additional factors that regulate stem and progenitor cells in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanesh Singh
- School of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Abstract
The discovery of
Drosophila stem cells with striking similarities to mammalian stem cells has brought new hope for stem cell research. Recent developments in
Drosophila stem cell research is bringing wider opportunities for contemporary stem cell biologists. In this regard,
Drosophila germ cells are becoming a popular model of stem cell research. In several cases, genes that controlled
Drosophila stem cells were later discovered to have functional homologs in mammalian stem cells. Like mammals,
Drosophila germline stem cells (GSCs) are controlled by both intrinsic as well as external signals. Inside the
Drosophila testes, germline and somatic stem cells form a cluster of cells (the hub). Hub cells depend on JAK-STAT signaling, and, in absence of this signal, they do not self-renew. In
Drosophila, significant changes occur within the stem cell niche that contributes to a decline in stem cell number over time. In case of aging
Drosophila, somatic niche cells show reduced DE-cadherin and unpaired (Upd) proteins. Unpaired proteins are known to directly decrease stem cell number within the niches, and, overexpression of
upd within niche cells restored GSCs in older males also . Stem cells in the midgut of
Drosophila are also very promising. Reduced Notch signaling was found to increase the number of midgut progenitor cells. On the other hand, activation of the Notch pathway decreased proliferation of these cells. Further research in this area should lead to the discovery of additional factors that regulate stem and progenitor cells in
Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanesh Singh
- School of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Groeneweg JW, Foster R, Growdon WB, Verheijen RHM, Rueda BR. Notch signaling in serous ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2014; 7:95. [PMID: 25366565 PMCID: PMC4228063 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-014-0095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecologic malignancies because women commonly present with advanced stage disease and develop chemotherapy refractory tumors. While cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum based chemotherapy are initially effective, ovarian tumors have a high propensity to recur highlighting the distinct need for novel therapeutics to improve outcomes for affected women. The Notch signaling pathway plays an established role in embryologic development and deregulation of this signaling cascade has been linked to many cancers. Recent genomic profiling of serous ovarian carcinoma revealed that Notch pathway alterations are among the most prevalent detected genomic changes. A growing body of scientific literature has confirmed heightened Notch signaling activity in ovarian carcinoma, and has utilized in vitro and in vivo models to suggest that targeting this pathway with gamma secretase inhibitors (GSIs) leads to anti-tumor effects. While it is currently unknown if Notch pathway inhibition can offer clinical benefit to women with ovarian cancer, several GSIs are currently in phase I and II trials across many disease sites including ovary. This review will provide background on Notch pathway function and will focus on the pre-clinical literature that links altered Notch signaling to ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolijn W Groeneweg
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Rosemary Foster
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Whitfield B Growdon
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - René H M Verheijen
- Division of Woman and Baby, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bo R Rueda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Korzelius J, Naumann SK, Loza-Coll MA, Chan JS, Dutta D, Oberheim J, Gläßer C, Southall TD, Brand AH, Jones DL, Edgar BA. Escargot maintains stemness and suppresses differentiation in Drosophila intestinal stem cells. EMBO J 2014; 33:2967-82. [PMID: 25298397 PMCID: PMC4282643 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Snail family transcription factors are expressed in various stem cell types, but their function in maintaining stem cell identity is unclear. In the adult Drosophila midgut, the Snail homolog Esg is expressed in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and their transient undifferentiated daughters, termed enteroblasts (EB). We demonstrate here that loss of esg in these progenitor cells causes their rapid differentiation into enterocytes (EC) or entero-endocrine cells (EE). Conversely, forced expression of Esg in intestinal progenitor cells blocks differentiation, locking ISCs in a stem cell state. Cell type-specific transcriptome analysis combined with Dam-ID binding studies identified Esg as a major repressor of differentiation genes in stem and progenitor cells. One critical target of Esg was found to be the POU-domain transcription factor, Pdm1, which is normally expressed specifically in differentiated ECs. Ectopic expression of Pdm1 in progenitor cells was sufficient to drive their differentiation into ECs. Hence, Esg is a critical stem cell determinant that maintains stemness by repressing differentiation-promoting factors, such as Pdm1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Korzelius
- DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Svenja K Naumann
- DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mariano A Loza-Coll
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Sk Chan
- DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Devanjali Dutta
- DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Oberheim
- DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Gläßer
- DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tony D Southall
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea H Brand
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Leanne Jones
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A Edgar
- DKFZ/ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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De Mey JR, Freund JN. Understanding epithelial homeostasis in the intestine: An old battlefield of ideas, recent breakthroughs and remaining controversies. Tissue Barriers 2014; 1:e24965. [PMID: 24665395 PMCID: PMC3879175 DOI: 10.4161/tisb.24965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium constitutes the barrier between the gut lumen and the rest of the body and a very actively renewing cell population. The crypt/villus and crypt/cuff units of the mouse small intestine and colon are its basic functional units. The field is confronted with competing concepts with regard to the nature of the cells that are responsible for all the day-to day cell replacement and those that act to regenerate the tissue upon injury and with two diametrically opposed models for lineage specification. The review revisits groundbreaking pioneering studies to provide non expert readers and crypt watchers with a factual analysis of the origins of the current models deduced from the latest spectacular advances. It also discusses recent progress made by addressing these issues in the crypts of the colon, which need to be better understood, since they are the preferred sites of major pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan R De Mey
- CNRS, UMR 7213; Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie; Illkirch, France ; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Noël Freund
- Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France ; INSERM_U113; Strasbourg, France ; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle; Strasbourg, France
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Ablation of coactivator Med1 switches the cell fate of dental epithelia to that generating hair. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99991. [PMID: 24949995 PMCID: PMC4065011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell fates are determined by specific transcriptional programs. Here we provide evidence that the transcriptional coactivator, Mediator 1 (Med1), is essential for the cell fate determination of ectodermal epithelia. Conditional deletion of Med1 in vivo converted dental epithelia into epidermal epithelia, causing defects in enamel organ development while promoting hair formation in the incisors. We identified multiple processes by which hairs are generated in Med1 deficient incisors: 1) dental epithelial stem cells lacking Med 1 fail to commit to the dental lineage, 2) Sox2-expressing stem cells extend into the differentiation zone and remain multi-potent due to reduced Notch1 signaling, and 3) epidermal fate is induced by calcium as demonstrated in dental epithelial cell cultures. These results demonstrate that Med1 is a master regulator in adult stem cells to govern epithelial cell fate.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED To elucidate mechanisms underlying the complex relationships between a host and its microbiota, we used the genetically tractable model Drosophila melanogaster. Consistent with previous studies, the microbiota was simple in composition and diversity. However, analysis of single flies revealed high interfly variability that correlated with differences in feeding. To understand the effects of this simple and variable consortium, we compared the transcriptome of guts from conventionally reared flies to that for their axenically reared counterparts. Our analysis of two wild-type fly lines identified 121 up- and 31 downregulated genes. The majority of these genes were associated with immune responses, tissue homeostasis, gut physiology, and metabolism. By comparing the transcriptomes of young and old flies, we identified temporally responsive genes and showed that the overall impact of microbiota was greater in older flies. In addition, comparison of wild-type gene expression with that of an immune-deficient line revealed that 53% of upregulated genes exerted their effects through the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway. The genes included not only classic immune response genes but also those involved in signaling, gene expression, and metabolism, unveiling new and unexpected connections between immunity and other systems. Given these findings, we further characterized the effects of gut-associated microbes on gut morphology and epithelial architecture. The results showed that the microbiota affected gut morphology through their impacts on epithelial renewal rate, cellular spacing, and the composition of different cell types in the epithelium. Thus, while bacteria in the gut are highly variable, the influence of the microbiota at large has far-reaching effects on host physiology. IMPORTANCE The guts of animals are in constant association with microbes, and these interactions are understood to have important roles in animal development and physiology. Yet we know little about the mechanisms underlying the establishment and function of these associations. Here, we used the fruit fly to understand how the microbiota affects host function. Importantly, we found that the microbiota has far-reaching effects on host physiology, ranging from immunity to gut structure. Our results validate the notion that important insights on complex host-microbe relationships can be obtained from the use of a well-established and genetically tractable invertebrate model.
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Velicky P, Haider S, Otti GR, Fiala C, Pollheimer J, Knöfler M. Notch-dependent RBPJκ inhibits proliferation of human cytotrophoblasts and their differentiation into extravillous trophoblasts. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:756-66. [PMID: 24850908 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal development of invasive trophoblasts has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human pregnancy diseases such as pre-eclampsia. However, critical signalling pathways controlling formation and differentiation of these cells have been poorly elucidated. Here, we provide evidence that the canonical Notch pathway, operating through Notch-dependent activation of its key regulatory transcription factor RBPJκ, controls proliferation and differentiation in villous explant cultures and primary trophoblasts of early pregnancy. Immunofluorescence of first trimester placental tissue revealed expression of RBPJκ and its co-activators, the MAML proteins, in nuclei of proliferative cell column trophoblasts (CCT) and differentiated, extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). However, RBPJκ expression, transcript levels of the Notch target gene HES1 and activity of a Notch/RBPJκ-dependent luciferase reporter decreased during in vitro differentiation of primary cytotrophoblasts on fibronectin. Silencing of RBPJκ using silencing RNAs (siRNAs) increased proliferation of CCTs in floating villous explant cultures analysed by outgrowth and BrdU labelling. Similarly, down-regulation of the transcription factor enhanced BrdU incorporation in isolated primary cultures. However, motility of these cells was not affected. In addition, gene silencing of RBPJκ increased cyclin D1 expression in the two trophoblast model systems as well as markers of the differentiated, EVT, i.e. integrin α1, ADAM12 and T-cell factor 4. In summary, the data suggest that Notch-dependent RBPJκ activity could be required for balanced rates of trophoblast proliferation and differentiation in human placental anchoring villi preventing exaggerated trophoblast overgrowth as well as premature formation of EVTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Velicky
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - S Haider
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - G R Otti
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - C Fiala
- Gynmed Clinic, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Pollheimer
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - M Knöfler
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal-Maternal Medicine, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna A-1090, Austria
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Tzou WS, Lo YT, Pai TW, Hu CH, Li CH. Stochastic simulation of notch signaling reveals novel factors that mediate the differentiation of neural stem cells. J Comput Biol 2014; 21:548-67. [PMID: 24798230 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2014.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling controls cell fate decisions and regulates multiple biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Computational modeling of the deterministic simulation of Notch signaling has provided important insight into the possible molecular mechanisms that underlie the switch from the undifferentiated stem cell to the differentiated cell. Here, we constructed a stochastic model of a Notch signaling model containing Hes1, Notch1, RBP-Jk, Mash1, Hes6, and Delta. mRNA and protein were represented as a discrete state, and 334 reactions were employed for each biochemical reaction using a graphics processing unit-accelerated Gillespie scheme. We employed the tuning of 40 molecular mechanisms and revealed several potential mediators capable of enabling the switch from cell stemness to differentiation. These effective mediators encompass different aspects of cellular regulations, including the nuclear transport of Hes1, the degradation of mRNA (Hes1 and Notch1) and protein (Notch1), the association between RBP-Jk and Notch intracellular domain (NICD), and the cleavage efficiency of the NICD. These mechanisms overlap with many modifiers that have only recently been discovered to modulate the Notch signaling output, including microRNA action, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and the competitive binding of the RBP-Jk-DNA complex. Moreover, we identified the degradation of Hes1 mRNA and nuclear transport of Hes1 as the dominant mechanisms that were capable of abolishing the cell state transition induced by other molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shyong Tzou
- 1 Department of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University , Taiwan, R.O.C
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50
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Suila H, Hirvonen T, Ritamo I, Natunen S, Tuimala J, Laitinen S, Anderson H, Nystedt J, Räbinä J, Valmu L. Extracellular o-linked N-acetylglucosamine is enriched in stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood. Biores Open Access 2014; 3:39-44. [PMID: 24804163 PMCID: PMC3995142 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2013.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have a unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into diverse cell types. Currently, stem cells from various sources are being explored as a promising new treatment for a variety of human diseases. A diverse set of functional and phenotypical markers are used in the characterization of specific therapeutic stem cell populations. The glycans on the stem cell surface respond rapidly to alterations in cellular state and signaling and are therefore ideal for identifying even minor changes in cell populations. Many stem cell markers are based on cell surface glycan epitopes including the widely used markers SSEA-3, SSEA-4, Tra 1-60, and Tra 1-81. We have now discovered by mRNA analysis that a novel glycosyltranferase, epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain-specific O-linked GlcNAc transferase (EOGT), is highly expressed in stem cells. EOGT is responsible for adding O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to folded EGF domains on extracellular proteins, such as those on the Notch receptors. We were able to show by immunological assays that human umbilical cord blood–derived mesenchymal stromal cells display O-GlcNAc, the product of EOGT, and that O-GlcNAc is further elongated with galactose to form O-linked N-acetyllactosamine. We suggest that these novel glycans are involved in the fine tuning of Notch receptor signaling pathways in stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Suila
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tia Hirvonen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilja Ritamo
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi Natunen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service , Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Leena Valmu
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service , Helsinki, Finland
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