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Gupta S, Mehra A, Sangwan R. A review on phytochemicals as combating weapon for multidrug resistance in cancer. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39121374 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2386678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
One can recognize multidrug resistance (MDR) and residue as a biggest difficulty in cancer specialist. Chemotherapy-resistant cancer may be successfully treated by combining MDR-reversing phytochemicals with anticancer drugs. Though, clinical application of phytochemicals either alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy is still in its early stages or requires more research to determine their safety and efficacy. In this review we highlighted topics related to MDR in cancer, including an introduction to subject, mechanism of action of efflux pump, specific proteins involved in drug resistance, altered drug targets, increased drug metabolism, and potential role of phytochemicals in overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharwan Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Anuradha Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Rekha Sangwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
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2
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Nguyen J, Win PW, Nagano TS, Shin EH, Newcomb C, Arking DE, Castellani CA. Mitochondrial DNA copy number reduction via in vitro TFAM knockout remodels the nuclear epigenome and transcriptome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.29.577835. [PMID: 38352513 PMCID: PMC10862824 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.29.577835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with several age-related chronic diseases and is a predictor of all-cause mortality. Here, we examine site-specific differential nuclear DNA (nDNA) methylation and differential gene expression resulting from in vitro reduction of mtDNA-CN to uncover shared genes and biological pathways mediating the effect of mtDNA-CN on disease. Epigenome and transcriptome profiles were generated for three independent human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cell lines harbouring a mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) heterozygous knockout generated via CRISPR-Cas9, and matched control lines. We identified 4,242 differentially methylated sites, 228 differentially methylated regions, and 179 differentially expressed genes associated with mtDNA-CN. Integrated analysis uncovered 381 Gene-CpG pairs. GABAA receptor genes and related pathways, the neuroactive ligand receptor interaction pathway, ABCD1/2 gene activity, and cell signalling processes were overrepresented, providing insight into the underlying biological mechanisms facilitating these associations. We also report evidence implicating chromatin state regulatory mechanisms as modulators of mtDNA-CN effect on gene expression. We demonstrate that mitochondrial DNA variation signals to the nuclear DNA epigenome and transcriptome and may lead to nuclear remodelling relevant to development, aging, and complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Phyo W. Win
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler Shin Nagano
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elly H. Shin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles Newcomb
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dan E. Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christina A. Castellani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Children’s Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Bresgen N, Kovacs M, Lahnsteiner A, Felder TK, Rinnerthaler M. The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective. Biomolecules 2023; 13:912. [PMID: 37371492 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that nine hallmarks-including mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, and loss of proteostasis-exist that describe the cellular aging process. Adding to this, a well-described cell organelle in the metabolic context, namely, lipid droplets, also accumulates with increasing age, which can be regarded as a further aging-associated process. Independently of their essential role as fat stores, lipid droplets are also able to control cell integrity by mitigating lipotoxic and proteotoxic insults. As we will show in this review, numerous longevity interventions (such as mTOR inhibition) also lead to strong accumulation of lipid droplets in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and mammalian cells, just to name a few examples. In mammals, due to the variety of different cell types and tissues, the role of lipid droplets during the aging process is much more complex. Using selected diseases associated with aging, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, we show that lipid droplets are "Janus"-faced. In an early phase of the disease, lipid droplets mitigate the toxicity of lipid peroxidation and protein aggregates, but in a later phase of the disease, a strong accumulation of lipid droplets can cause problems for cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Bresgen
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Melanie Kovacs
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angelika Lahnsteiner
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Klaus Felder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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Matsunaga T, Horinouchi M, Saito H, Hisamatsu A, Iguchi K, Yoshino Y, Endo S, Ikari A. Availability of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 and ATP-binding cassette B1 as therapeutic targets for alleviating paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer MCF7 cells. J Biochem 2023; 173:167-175. [PMID: 36413758 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is frequently utilized for the chemotherapy of breast cancer, but its continuous treatment provokes hyposensitivity. Here, we established a PTX-resistant variant of human breast cancer MCF7 cells and found that acquiring the chemoresistance elicits a remarkable up-regulation of aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C3. MCF7 cell sensitivity to PTX toxicity was increased by pretreatment with AKR1C3 inhibitor and knockdown of this enzyme, and decreased by its overexpression, inferring a crucial role of AKR1C3 in the development of PTX resistance. The PTX-resistant cells were much less sensitive to 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and acrolein, cytotoxic reactive aldehydes derived from ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation, compared with the parental cells. Additionally, the resistant cells lowered levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal formed during PTX treatment, which was mitigated by pretreating with AKR1C3 inhibitor, suggesting that AKR1C3 procures the chemoresistance through facilitating the metabolism of the cytotoxic aldehyde. The gain of PTX resistance additively promoted the aberrant expression of an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 among the ABC transporter isoforms. The combined treatment with AKR1C3 and ABCB1 inhibitors overcame the PTX resistance and cross-resistance to another taxane-based drug docetaxel. Collectively, combined treatment with AKR1C3 and ABCB1 inhibitors may exert an overcoming effect of PTX resistance in breast cancer.
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Key Words
- ATP-binding cassette B1
- Aldo-keto reductase 1C3
Abbreviations: AKR, aldo-keto reductase; BPS, 3-bromo-5-phenylsalicylic acid; BSO, buthionine sulfoximine; CDDP, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum; CDDP-R, CDDP-resistant MCF7; DPBS, Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline; DTNB, 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid); DTX, docetaxel; GCL, glutamate-cysteine ligase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSHEE, glutathione ethyl ester;
GST, glutathione S-transferase; HNE, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; Keap1, Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1; MCA, 4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide; MG132, Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-al; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; PCR, polymerase-chain reaction; PG, prostaglandin; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SFN, sulforaphane; siRNA, small-interfering RNA; TOL, tolfenamic acid; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid
- breast cancer
- chemoresistance
- docetaxel
- paclitaxel
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 5-6-1 Mitahora-higashi, Gifu 502-8585, Japan.,Education Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 5-6-1 Mitahora-higashi, Gifu 502-8585, Japan
| | - Misato Horinouchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Haruhi Saito
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Aki Hisamatsu
- Education Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 5-6-1 Mitahora-higashi, Gifu 502-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iguchi
- Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Satoshi Endo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Akira Ikari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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Taheri F, Taghizadeh E, Navashenaq JG, Rezaee M, Gheibihayat SM. The role of efferocytosis in neuro-degenerative diseases. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:1593-1603. [PMID: 35059903 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Efferocytosis has a critical role in maintaining tissues and organs' homeostasis by removing apoptotic cells. It is essential for human health, and disturbances in efferocytosis may result indifferent illnesses. In case of inadequate clearance of the dead cells, the content in the cells would be released. In fact, it induces some damages to the tissue and leads to the prolonged inflammation, so unsuitable phagocytosis of the apoptotic cells is involved in occurrence as well as expansion of numerous human chronic inflammatory diseases. Studies have shown age dependence of the neuro-degenerative diseases, which are largely due to the neuro-inflammation and the loss of neurons and thus cause the brain's functional disorders. Efferocytosis is coupled to anti-inflammatory responses that contribute to the elimination of the dying neurons in neuro-degenerative diseases, so its disruption may make a risk factor in numerous human chronic inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, glioblastoma, and Rett syndrome. This study is a review of the efferocytosis molecular pathways and their role in neuro-degenerative diseases in order to discover a new treatment option to cure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Taheri
- Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Eskandar Taghizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Rezaee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 8915173143, Yazd, Iran.
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Molecular Biological Comparison of Dental Pulp- and Apical Papilla-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052615. [PMID: 35269758 PMCID: PMC8910327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the dental pulp and the apical papilla represent a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative endodontic protocols. The aim of this study was to outline molecular biological conformities and differences between dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP). Thus, cells were isolated from the pulp and the apical papilla of an extracted molar and analyzed for mesenchymal stem cell markers as well as multi-lineage differentiation. During induced osteogenic differentiation, viability, proliferation, and wound healing assays were performed, and secreted signaling molecules were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Transcriptome-wide gene expression was profiled by microarrays and validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Gene regulation was evaluated in the context of culture parameters and functionality. Both cell types expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers and were able to enter various lineages. DPSC and SCAP showed no significant differences in cell viability, proliferation, or migration; however, variations were observed in the profile of secreted molecules. Transcriptome analysis revealed the most significant gene regulation during the differentiation period, and 13 biomarkers were identified whose regulation was essential for both cell types. DPSC and SCAP share many features and their differentiation follows similar patterns. From a molecular biological perspective, both seem to be equally suitable for dental pulp tissue engineering.
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Multidrug Resistance (MDR): A Widespread Phenomenon in Pharmacological Therapies. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030616. [PMID: 35163878 PMCID: PMC8839222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is a leading concern in public health. It describes a complex phenotype whose predominant feature is resistance to a wide range of structurally unrelated cytotoxic compounds, many of which are anticancer agents. Multidrug resistance may be also related to antimicrobial drugs, and is known to be one of the most serious global public health threats of this century. Indeed, this phenomenon has increased both mortality and morbidity as a consequence of treatment failures and its incidence in healthcare costs. The large amounts of antibiotics used in human therapies, as well as for farm animals and even for fishes in aquaculture, resulted in the selection of pathogenic bacteria resistant to multiple drugs. It is not negligible that the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may further contribute to antimicrobial resistance. In this paper, multidrug resistance and antimicrobial resistance are underlined, focusing on the therapeutic options to overcome these obstacles in drug treatments. Lastly, some recent studies on nanodrug delivery systems have been reviewed since they may represent a significant approach for overcoming resistance.
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Zhao Y, Zhu K, Li J, Zhao Y, Li S, Zhang C, Xiao D, Yu A. High-efficiency production of bisabolene from waste cooking oil by metabolically engineered Yarrowia lipolytica. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2497-2513. [PMID: 33605546 PMCID: PMC8601197 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural plant product bisabolene serves as a precursor for the production of a wide range of industrially relevant chemicals. However, the low abundance of bisabolene in plants renders its isolation from plant sources non-economically viable. Therefore, creation of microbial cell factories for bisabolene production supported by synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies presents a more competitive and environmentally sustainable method for industrial production of bisabolene. In this proof-of-principle study, for the first time, we engineered the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce α-bisabolene, β-bisabolene and γ-bisabolene through heterologous expression of the α-bisabolene synthase from Abies grandis, the β-bisabolene synthase gene from Zingiber officinale and the γ-bisabolene synthase gene from Helianthus annuus respectively. Subsequently, two metabolic engineering approaches, including overexpression of the endogenous mevalonate pathway genes and introduction of heterologous multidrug efflux transporters, were employed in order to improve bisabolene production. Furthermore, the fermentation conditions were optimized to maximize bisabolene production by the engineered Y. lipolytica strains from glucose. Finally, we explored the potential of the engineered Y. lipolytica strains for bisabolene production from the waste cooking oil. To our knowledge, this is the first report of bisabolene production in Y. lipolytica using metabolic engineering strategies. These findings provide valuable insights into the engineering of Y. lipolytica for a higher-level production of bisabolene and its utilization in converting waste cooking oil into various industrially valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
| | - Kun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
| | - Shenglong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
| | - Cuiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
| | - Dongguang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
| | - Aiqun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyKey Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyNo. 29 the 13th Street TEDATianjin300457China
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Kell DB. The Transporter-Mediated Cellular Uptake and Efflux of Pharmaceutical Drugs and Biotechnology Products: How and Why Phospholipid Bilayer Transport Is Negligible in Real Biomembranes. Molecules 2021; 26:5629. [PMID: 34577099 PMCID: PMC8470029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, my colleagues and I have come to realise that the likelihood of pharmaceutical drugs being able to diffuse through whatever unhindered phospholipid bilayer may exist in intact biological membranes in vivo is vanishingly low. This is because (i) most real biomembranes are mostly protein, not lipid, (ii) unlike purely lipid bilayers that can form transient aqueous channels, the high concentrations of proteins serve to stop such activity, (iii) natural evolution long ago selected against transport methods that just let any undesirable products enter a cell, (iv) transporters have now been identified for all kinds of molecules (even water) that were once thought not to require them, (v) many experiments show a massive variation in the uptake of drugs between different cells, tissues, and organisms, that cannot be explained if lipid bilayer transport is significant or if efflux were the only differentiator, and (vi) many experiments that manipulate the expression level of individual transporters as an independent variable demonstrate their role in drug and nutrient uptake (including in cytotoxicity or adverse drug reactions). This makes such transporters valuable both as a means of targeting drugs (not least anti-infectives) to selected cells or tissues and also as drug targets. The same considerations apply to the exploitation of substrate uptake and product efflux transporters in biotechnology. We are also beginning to recognise that transporters are more promiscuous, and antiporter activity is much more widespread, than had been realised, and that such processes are adaptive (i.e., were selected by natural evolution). The purpose of the present review is to summarise the above, and to rehearse and update readers on recent developments. These developments lead us to retain and indeed to strengthen our contention that for transmembrane pharmaceutical drug transport "phospholipid bilayer transport is negligible".
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B. Kell
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK;
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
- Mellizyme Biotechnology Ltd., IC1, Liverpool Science Park, Mount Pleasant, Liverpool L3 5TF, UK
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Multidrug Resistance Like Protein 1 Activity in Malpighian Tubules Regulates Lipid Homeostasis in Drosophila. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11060432. [PMID: 34201304 PMCID: PMC8229909 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11060432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) are important for ion transport, toxin/xenobiotic secretion, and signal transduction. Although studies have been undertaken to understand their physiological function, it is not fully known how MRPs may regulate metabolism. We knocked down the expression of Drosophila multidrug-resistance like protein 1 (MRP) in several tissues central to metabolic regulation. Reducing MRP in Malpighian tubules, the functional equivalent to the human kidney, was sufficient to disrupt metabolic homeostasis, owing to abnormal lipid accumulation, as well as changes in feeding behavior. It also increased oxidative stress resistance in adult flies, possibly due to reduced levels of reactive oxygen species. Abstract Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs), members of the ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC transporter) family, are pivotal for transporting endo- and xenobiotics, which confer resistance to anticancer agents and contribute to the clearance of oxidative products. However, their function in many biological processes is still unclear. We investigated the role of an evolutionarily conserved MRP in metabolic homeostasis by knocking down the expression of Drosophila multidrug-resistance like protein 1 (MRP) in several tissues involved in regulating metabolism, including the gut, fat body, and Malpighian tubules. Interestingly, only suppression of MRP in the Malpighian tubules, the functional equivalent to the human kidney, was sufficient to cause abnormal lipid accumulation and disrupt feeding behavior. Furthermore, reduced Malpighian tubule MRP expression resulted in increased Hr96 (homolog of human pregnane X receptor) expression. Hr96 is known to play a role in detoxification and lipid metabolism processes. Reduced expression of MRP in the Malpighian tubules also conveyed resistance to oxidative stress, as well as reduced normal levels of reactive oxygen species in adult flies. This study reveals that an evolutionarily conserved MRP is required in Drosophila Malpighian tubules for proper metabolic homeostasis.
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Ouyang Y, Chen S, Zhao L, Song Y, Lei A, He J, Wang J. Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:652021. [PMID: 33869160 PMCID: PMC8044410 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The microalga Euglena gracilis is utilized in the food, medicinal, and supplement industries. However, its mass production is currently limited by its low production efficiency and high risk of microbial contamination. In this study, physiological and biochemical parameters of E. gracilis co-cultivated with the bacteria Vibrio natriegens were investigated. A previous study reports the benefits of E. gracilis and V. natriegens co-cultivation; however, no bacterium growth and molecular mechanisms were further investigated. Our results show that this co-cultivation positively increased total chlorophyll, microalgal growth, dry weight, and storage sugar paramylon content of E. gracilis compared to the pure culture without V. natriegens. This analysis represents the first comprehensive metabolomic study of microalgae-bacterial co-cultivation, with 339 metabolites identified. This co-cultivation system was shown to have synergistic metabolic interactions between microalgal and bacterial cells, with a significant increase in methyl carbamate, ectoine, choline, methyl N-methylanthranilate, gentiatibetine, 4R-aminopentanoic acid, and glu-val compared to the cultivation of E. gracilis alone. Taken together, these results fill significant gaps in the current understanding of microalgae-bacteria co-cultivation systems and provide novel insights into potential improvements for mass production and industrial applications of E. gracilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ouyang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiting Song
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiayi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provinces, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provinces, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Prescher M, Smits SHJ, Schmitt L. Stimulation of ABCB4/MDR3 ATPase activity requires an intact phosphatidylcholine lipid. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1605-1616. [PMID: 32917728 PMCID: PMC7707170 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ABCB4/MDR3 is located in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes and translocates PC-lipids from the cytoplasmic to the extracellular leaflet. ABCB4 is an ATP-dependent transporter that reduces the harsh detergent effect of the bile salts by counteracting self-digestion. To do so, ABCB4 provides PC lipids for extraction into bile. PC lipids account for 40% of the entire pool of lipids in the canalicular membrane with an unknown distribution over both leaflets. Extracted PC lipids end up in so-called mixed micelles. Mixed micelles are composed of phospholipids, bile salts, and cholesterol. Ninety to ninety-five percent of the phospholipids are members of the PC family, but only a subset of mainly 16.0-18:1 PC and 16:0-18:2 PC variants are present. To elucidate whether ABCB4 is the key discriminator in this enrichment of specific PC lipids, we used in vitro studies to identify crucial determinants in substrate selection. We demonstrate that PC-lipid moieties alone are insufficient for stimulating ABCB4 ATPase activity, and that at least two acyl chains and the backbone itself are required for a productive interaction. The nature of the fatty acids, like length or saturation has a quantitative impact on the ATPase activity. Our data demonstrate a two-step enrichment and protective function of ABCB4 to mitigate the harsh detergent effect of the bile salts, because ABCB4 can translocate more than just the PC-lipid variants found in bile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Prescher
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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13
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Jang S, Kong F, Lee J, Choi BY, Wang P, Gao P, Yamano T, Fukuzawa H, Kang BH, Lee Y. CrABCA2 Facilitates Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under Nitrogen Starvation. Mol Cells 2020; 43:48-57. [PMID: 31910336 PMCID: PMC6999713 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii accumulates triacylglycerols (TAGs) in lipid droplets under stress conditions, such as nitrogen starvation. TAG biosynthesis occurs mainly at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and requires fatty acid (FA) substrates supplied from chloroplasts. How FAs are transferred from chloroplast to ER in microalgae was unknown. We previously reported that an Arabidopsis thaliana ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, AtABCA9, facilitates FA transport at the ER during seed development. Here we identified a gene homologous to AtABCA9 in the C. reinhardtii genome, which we named CrABCA2. Under nitrogen deprivation conditions, CrABCA2 expression was upregulated, and the CrABCA2 protein level also increased. CrABCA2 knockdown lines accumulated less TAGs and CrABCA2 overexpression lines accumulated more TAGs than their untransformed parental lines. Transmission electron microscopy showed that CrABCA2 was localized in swollen ER. These results suggest that CrABCA2 transports substrates for TAG biosynthesis to the ER during nitrogen starvation . Our study provides a potential tool for increasing lipid production in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghoon Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Fantao Kong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024,
China
| | - Jihyeon Lee
- Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Bae Young Choi
- Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077,
China
| | - Peng Gao
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077,
China
| | - Takashi Yamano
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502,
Japan
| | - Hideya Fukuzawa
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502,
Japan
| | - Byung-Ho Kang
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077,
China
| | - Youngsook Lee
- Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673,
Korea
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14
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Camellato B, Roney IJ, Azizi A, Charlebois D, Kaern M. Engineered gene networks enable non‐genetic drug resistance and enhanced cellular robustness. ENGINEERING BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1049/enb.2019.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Camellato
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Institute of Systems Genetics New York University Langone Health 550 1st Avenue New York NY 10016 USA
| | - Ian J. Roney
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Afnan Azizi
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Daniel Charlebois
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Department of Physics University of Ottawa 150 Louis‐Pasteur Pvt Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Mads Kaern
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa Ontario K1H 8M5 Canada
- Department of Physics University of Ottawa 150 Louis‐Pasteur Pvt Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
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15
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Prescher M, Kroll T, Schmitt L. ABCB4/MDR3 in health and disease – at the crossroads of biochemistry and medicine. Biol Chem 2019; 400:1245-1259. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Several ABC transporters of the human liver are responsible for the secretion of bile salts, lipids and cholesterol. Their interplay protects the biliary tree from the harsh detergent activity of bile salts. Among these transporters, ABCB4 is essential for the translocation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids from the inner to the outer leaflet of the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. ABCB4 deficiency can result in altered PC to bile salt ratios, which led to intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, low phospholipid associated cholelithiasis, drug induced liver injury or even progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3. Although PC lipids only account for 30–40% of the lipids in the canalicular membrane, 95% of all phospholipids in bile are PC lipids. We discuss this discrepancy in the light of PC synthesis and bile salts favoring certain lipids. Nevertheless, the in vivo extraction of PC lipids from the outer leaflet of the canalicular membrane by bile salts should be considered as a separate step in bile formation. Therefore, methods to characterize disease causing ABCB4 mutations should be considered carefully, but such an analysis represents a crucial point in understanding the currently unknown transport mechanism of this ABC transporter.
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16
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Chekalin E, Rubanovich A, Tatarinova TV, Kasianov A, Bender N, Chekalina M, Staub K, Koepke N, Rühli F, Bruskin S, Morozova I. Changes in Biological Pathways During 6,000 Years of Civilization in Europe. Mol Biol Evol 2019; 36:127-140. [PMID: 30376122 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The beginning of civilization was a turning point in human evolution. With increasing separation from the natural environment, mankind stimulated new adaptive reactions in response to new environmental factors. In this paper, we describe direct signs of these reactions in the European population during the past 6,000 years. By comparing whole-genome data between Late Neolithic/Bronze Age individuals and modern Europeans, we revealed biological pathways that are significantly differently enriched in nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in these two groups and which therefore could be shaped by cultural practices during the past six millennia. They include metabolic transformations, immune response, signal transduction, physical activity, sensory perception, reproduction, and cognitive functions. We demonstrated that these processes were influenced by different types of natural selection. We believe that our study opens new perspectives for more detailed investigations about when and how civilization has been modifying human genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Chekalin
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr Rubanovich
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Tatarinova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biology, University of La Verne, La Verne, CA.,A. A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Artem Kasianov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Data-Intensive Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicole Bender
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Chekalina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kaspar Staub
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nikola Koepke
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Rühli
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sergey Bruskin
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Morozova
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Claus S, Jezierska S, Van Bogaert INA. Protein‐facilitated transport of hydrophobic molecules across the yeast plasma membrane. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1508-1527. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Claus
- Biochemical and Microbial Technology Universiteit Gent Belgium
| | | | - Inge N. A. Van Bogaert
- Lab. of Industrial Microbiology and Biocatalysis Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Belgium
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18
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Chang XL, Liu L, Wang N, Chen ZJ, Zhang C. The function of high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein in the maintenance of mouse ovarian steroid balance. Biol Reprod 2019; 97:862-872. [PMID: 29092018 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane proteins, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SR-BI, gene name Scarb1), are lipoprotein receptors that play central roles in lipoprotein metabolism. Cholesterol bound in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and LDL is transported into cells mainly by SR-BI and LDLR. The relative contribution of LDL and HDL to the steroidogenic cholesterol pool varies among species and may vary among tissues within one species. To investigate which of these pathways is more important in the supply of cholesterol in mouse ovary, we utilized immunohistochemistry, western blotting, RNAi, and RT-PCR as well as Ldlr-/- mice to explore the uptake of HDL and LDL in the ovary. Our data demonstrate that both SR-BI and LDLR are present in the interstitial cells, thecal cells, and corpora lutea (CLs), and their expression fluctuates with the development of follicles and CLs. The intracellular cholesterol concentration was significantly decreased when Ldlr or Scarb1 was silenced in luteal cells. Furthermore, Ldlr-/- mice had lower progesterone and estrogen levels compared to wild-type mice, and when Ldlr-/- mice were treated with the inhibitor of de novo cholesterol synthesis, lovastatin, serum progesterone, and estrogen concentrations were further reduced. These results demonstrate that both LDLR and SR-BI play important roles in importing cholesterol and that both HDL and LDL are crucial in steroidogenesis in mouse ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lian Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Lisheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medicine Science, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Naiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
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19
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Holy P, Kloudova A, Soucek P. Importance of genetic background of oxysterol signaling in cancer. Biochimie 2018; 153:109-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Methods of reconstitution to investigate membrane protein function. Methods 2018; 147:126-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21
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Dynamics of Bacterial Community Diversity and Structure in the Terminal Reservoir of the South-To-North Water Diversion Project in China. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10060709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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Naïja A, Kestemont P, Chénais B, Haouas Z, Blust R, Helal AN, Marchand J. Effects of Hg sublethal exposure in the brain of peacock blennies Salaria pavo: Molecular, physiological and histopathological analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:1094-1104. [PMID: 29874737 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine environments are affected by large amounts of toxicants among those mercury (Hg). The aim of this study was to assess potential neurotoxic effects of Hg in the peacock blenny Salaria pavo. A sublethal contamination to 66 μg HgCl2 L-1 over periods of 1, 4, 10 and 15 days was performed. Total Hg concentrations measured in the brain highlighted the detection of Hg at days 1 and 4 following the exposure but no concentration of the metal was further detected. Partial-length cDNA of genes coding ABC transporters (abcb1, abcc1, abcc2, abcg2) and acetylcholinesterase (ache) were characterized. Results from mRNA expression levels displayed an up-regulation of abcb1 mRNA while a down-regulation of abcc1 and abcc2 mRNA was observed. No change in abcg2 and ache mRNA expression was noted throughout the experiment. At each sampling time, Hg exposure did not affect the activity of the AChE enzyme. The histological analysis indicated that fish exhibited several damages in the optic tectum and the cerebellum and 3 reaction patterns were identified for each organ: circulatory disturbances, regressive and progressive changes. Molecular, physiological and histological biomarkers assessed in the present study highlighted that peacock blennies were able to detoxify Hg from the brain tissue by developing defense mechanisms. More globally, neurotoxic effects of a sublethal Hg exposure in the brain of peacock blennies and the adaptation capacity of this species were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Naïja
- Bioressources: Integrative Biology and Valuation (BIOLIVAL), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoit Chénais
- EA2160 Mer Molécules Santé, LUNAM, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - Zohra Haouas
- Research Unit of Genetic, Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Noureddine Helal
- Bioressources: Integrative Biology and Valuation (BIOLIVAL), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Justine Marchand
- EA2160 Mer Molécules Santé, LUNAM, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Le Mans, France.
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23
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Uptake of glucose-conjugated MGMT inhibitors in cancer cells: role of flippases and type IV P-type ATPases. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13925. [PMID: 29066805 PMCID: PMC5655675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) is a key determinant of cancer resistance. The MGMT inhibitors O6-benzylguanine (O6BG) and O6-(4-bromothenyl)guanine (O6BTG) failed to enhance the therapeutic response due to toxic side effects when applied in combination with alkylating chemotherapeutics, indicating a need of inhibitor targeting. We assessed MGMT targeting that relies on conjugating the inhibitors O6BG and O6BTG to ß-D-glucose, resulting in O6BG-Glu and O6BTG-Glu, respectively. This targeting strategy was selected by taking advantage of high demand of glucose in cancers. Contrary to our expectation, the uptake of O6BG-Glu and O6BTG-Glu was not dependent on glucose transporters. Instead, it seems that after membrane binding the conjugates are taken up via flippases, which normally transport phospholipids. This membrane binding is the consequence of the amphiphilic character of the conjugates, which at higher concentrations lead to the formation of micelle-like particles in aqueous solution. The unusual uptake mechanism of the conjugates highlights the importance of proper linker selection for a successful ligand-based drug delivery strategy. We also demonstrate that proteins of the P4-Type ATPase family are involved in the transport of the glucose conjugates. The findings are not only important for MGMT inhibitor targeting, but also for other amphiphilic drugs.
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24
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Membrane proteins structures: A review on computational modeling tools. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:2021-2039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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25
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Naïja A, Kestemont P, Chénais B, Haouas Z, Blust R, Helal AN, Marchand J. Cadmium exposure exerts neurotoxic effects in peacock blennies Salaria pavo. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 143:217-227. [PMID: 28551579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is considered as an important factor involved in several neurological disturbances. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Cd in the brain of peacock blennies Salaria pavo, a species used as a bioindicator of water pollution. A sublethal contamination of 2mg CdCl2 L-1 was performed over periods of 1, 4, 10 and 15 days. Total Cd accumulation was measured in brains and displayed low concentrations throughout the experiment. Partial-length cDNA of different ATP-binding cassette transporters (abcb1, abcc1, abcc2, abcg2 proteins) and acetylcholinesterase (ache) were characterized. mRNA expressions profiles displayed an up-regulation of abcc2 mRNA after 4 days of Cd exposure only while abcg2 mRNA was down-regulated after 10 days only. For AChE, the mRNA transcription and the activity of the enzyme were followed and highlighted that Cd exerted an inhibitory effect on the nervous information transmission. At the histological level, fish exhibited pathological symptoms in the optic tectum and the cerebellum and results showed that the cerebellum was the most affected organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Naïja
- Bioressources: Integrative Biology and Valuation (BIOLIVAL), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoit Chénais
- EA2160 Mer Molécules Santé, LUNAM, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - Zohra Haouas
- Research unit of Genetic, Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine, Avenue Avicenne 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ronny Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research (SPHERE), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Noureddine Helal
- Bioressources: Integrative Biology and Valuation (BIOLIVAL), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Justine Marchand
- EA2160 Mer Molécules Santé, LUNAM, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, University of Le Mans, Le Mans, France.
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26
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Matsunaga T, Saito H, Endo S, Iguchi K, Soda M, El-Kabbani O, Hara A, Ikari A. Roles of aldo-keto reductases 1B10 and 1C3 and ATP-binding cassette transporter in docetaxel tolerance. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:1296-1308. [PMID: 27629782 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1236373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is widely used for treatment of inveterate lung and prostate cancers, but its continuous administration elicits the hyposensitivity. Here, we established the DTX-resistant variants of human lung cancer A549 and androgen-independent prostate cancer Du145 cells and found that the resistance development provoked aberrant up-regulations of aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1B10 and AKR1C3 in A549 and Du145 cells, respectively. In addition, the sensitivity to the DTX toxicity was significantly decreased and increased by overexpression and knockdown of the two AKR isoforms, respectively. Furthermore, the resistant cells exhibited a decreased level of reactive 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal formed during DTX treatment, and the decrease was alleviated by adding the AKR inhibitors, inferring that the two AKRs confer the chemoresistance through elevating the antioxidant properties. The development of DTX resistance was also associated with enhanced expression of an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 among the ABC transporter isoforms. The combined treatment with inhibitors of the two AKRs and ABCB1 additively sensitized the resistant cells to DTX. Intriguingly, the AKR1B10 inhibitor also suppressed the lung cancer cross-resistance against cisplatin. The results suggest that combined treatment with AKRs (1B10 and 1C3) and ABCB1 inhibitors exerts overcoming effect against the cancer resistance to DTX and cisplatin, and can be used as the adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haruhi Saito
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu , Japan
| | - Satoshi Endo
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu , Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iguchi
- b Laboratory of Community Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu , Japan
| | - Midori Soda
- c Laboratory of Pharmaceutics , Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu , Japan
| | | | - Akira Hara
- e Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Gifu , Japan
| | - Akira Ikari
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University , Gifu , Japan
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27
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Abstract
Cellular membranes display a diversity of functions that are conferred by the unique composition and organization of their proteins and lipids. One important aspect of lipid organization is the asymmetric distribution of phospholipids (PLs) across the plasma membrane. The unequal distribution of key PLs between the cytofacial and exofacial leaflets of the bilayer creates physical surface tension that can be used to bend the membrane; and like Ca2+, a chemical gradient that can be used to transduce biochemical signals. PL flippases in the type IV P-type ATPase (P4-ATPase) family are the principle transporters used to set and repair this PL gradient and the asymmetric organization of these membranes are encoded by the substrate specificity of these enzymes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of P4-ATPase substrate specificity will help reveal their role in membrane organization and cell biology. Further, decoding the structural determinants of substrate specificity provides investigators the opportunity to mutationally tune this specificity to explore the role of particular PL substrates in P4-ATPase cellular functions. This work reviews the role of P4-ATPases in membrane biology, presents our current understanding of P4-ATPase substrate specificity, and discusses how these fundamental aspects of P4-ATPase enzymology may be used to enhance our knowledge of cellular membrane biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartholomew P. Roland
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Todd R. Graham
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Biological Sciences, 1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37235
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28
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Yeast ABC transporters in lipid trafficking. Fungal Genet Biol 2016; 93:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zhang C, Chen X, Stephanopoulos G, Too HP. Efflux transporter engineering markedly improves amorphadiene production inEscherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:1755-63. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congqiang Zhang
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Singapore-MIT Alliance; 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore Singapore
- Biotransformation Innovation Platform (BioTrans); Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore Singapore
| | - Xixian Chen
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Singapore-MIT Alliance; 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore Singapore
- Biotransformation Innovation Platform (BioTrans); Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore Singapore
| | - Gregory Stephanopoulos
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Singapore-MIT Alliance; 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore Singapore
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Heng-Phon Too
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Singapore-MIT Alliance; 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore Singapore
- Biotransformation Innovation Platform (BioTrans); Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive; Blk MD7, Level 4 Singapore 117597 Singapore
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Bioinformatic survey of ABC transporters in dermatophytes. Gene 2016; 576:466-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Structural Features of the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter ABCA3. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19631-44. [PMID: 26295388 PMCID: PMC4581316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we reported and discussed the structural features of the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter ABCA3 and how the use of bioinformatics tools could help researchers to obtain a reliable structural model of this important transporter. In fact, a model of ABCA3 is still lacking and no crystallographic structures (of the transporter or of its orthologues) are available. With the advent of next generation sequencing, many disease-causing mutations have been discovered and many more will be found in the future. In the last few years, ABCA3 mutations have been reported to have important pediatric implications. Thus, clinicians need a reliable structure to locate relevant mutations of this transporter and make genotype/phenotype correlations of patients affected by ABCA3-related diseases. In conclusion, we strongly believe that the model preliminarily generated by these novel bioinformatics tools could be the starting point to obtain more refined models of the ABCA3 transporter.
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Yang G, Wang XJ, Huang LJ, Zhou YA, Tian F, Zhao JB, Chen P, Liu BY, Wen MM, Li XF, Zhang ZP. High ABCG4 Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135576. [PMID: 26270652 PMCID: PMC4535915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are associated with poor response to chemotherapy, and confer a poor prognosis in various malignancies. However, the association between the expression of the ABC sub-family G member 4 (ABCG4) and prognosis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. NSCLC tissue samples (n = 140) and normal lung tissue samples (n = 90) were resected from patients with stage II to IV NSCLC between May 2004 and May 2009. ABCG4 mRNA and protein expressions were detected by RT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Patients received four cycles of cisplatin-based post-surgery chemotherapy and were followed up until May 31st, 2014. ABCG4 positivity rate was higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissues (48.6% vs. 0%, P<0.001) and ABCG4 expression was significantly associated with poor differentiation, higher tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and adenocarcinoma histological type (all P<0.001). Univariate (HR = 2.284, 95%CI: 1.570-3.324, P<0.001) and multivariate (HR = 2.236, 95%CI: 1.505-3.321, P<0.001) analyses showed that ABCG4 expression was an independent factor associated with a poor prognosis in NSCLC. Patients with ABCG4-positive NSCLC had shorter median survival than ABCG4-negative NSCLC (20.1 vs. 43.2 months, P<0.001). The prognostic significance of ABCG4 expression was apparent in stages III and IV NSCLC. In conclusion, high ABCG4 expression was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Li-Jun Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Yong-An Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Jin-Bo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Bo-Ya Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Miao-Miao Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
- * E-mail: (XFL); (ZPZ)
| | - Zhi-Pei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China
- * E-mail: (XFL); (ZPZ)
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Satoh K, Abe-Dohmae S, Yokoyama S, St George-Hyslop P, Fraser PE. ATP-binding cassette transporter A7 (ABCA7) loss of function alters Alzheimer amyloid processing. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:24152-65. [PMID: 26260791 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.655076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette transporter A7 (ABCA7) has been identified as a susceptibility factor of late onset Alzheimer disease in genome-wide association studies. ABCA7 has been shown to mediate phagocytosis and affect membrane trafficking. The current study examined the impact of ABCA7 loss of function on amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and generation of amyloid-β (Aβ). Suppression of endogenous ABCA7 in several different cell lines resulted in increased β-secretase cleavage and elevated Aβ. ABCA7 knock-out mice displayed an increased production of endogenous murine amyloid Aβ42 species. Crossing ABCA7-deficient animals to an APP transgenic model resulted in significant increases in the soluble Aβ as compared with mice expressing normal levels of ABCA7. Only modest changes in the amount of insoluble Aβ and amyloid plaque densities were observed once the amyloid pathology was well developed, whereas Aβ deposition was enhanced in younger animals. In vitro studies indicated a more rapid endocytosis of APP in ABCA7 knock-out cells that is mechanistically consistent with the increased Aβ production. These in vitro and in vivo findings indicate a direct role of ABCA7 in amyloid processing that may be associated with its primary biological function to regulate endocytic pathways. Several potential loss-of-function ABCA7 mutations and deletions linked to Alzheimer disease that in some instances have a greater impact than apoE allelic variants have recently been identified. A reduction in ABCA7 expression or loss of function would be predicted to increase amyloid production and that may be a contributing factor in the associated Alzheimer disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanayo Satoh
- From the Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada,
| | - Sumiko Abe-Dohmae
- Biochemistry, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shinji Yokoyama
- Nutritional Health Science Research Center, Chubu University, Matsumoto-cho 1200, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- From the Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada, Departments of Medicine (Neurology) and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada, and Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Paul E Fraser
- From the Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada, Departments of Medicine (Neurology) and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada, and
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Yang Y, Zhou QJ, Chen XQ, Yan BL, Guo XL, Zhang HL, Du AF. Profiling of differentially expressed genes in sheep T lymphocytes response to an artificial primary Haemonchus contortus infection. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:235. [PMID: 25903558 PMCID: PMC4406218 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haemonchus contortus is a common bloodsucking nematode causing widespread economic loss in agriculture. Upon H. contortus infection, a series of host responses is elicited, especially those related to T lymphocyte immunity. Existing studies mainly focus on the general immune responses of sheep T lymphocyte to H. contortus, lacking investigations at the molecular level. The objective of this study was to obtain a systematic transcriptional profiling of the T lymphocytes in H. contortus primary-infected sheep. METHODS Nematode-free sheep were orally infected once with H. contortus L3s. T lymphocyte samples were collected from the peripheral blood of 0, 3, 30 and 60 days post infection (dpi) infected sheep. Microarrays were used to compare gene transcription levels between samples. Quantitative RT-PCR was employed to validate the microarray data. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis were utilized for the annotation of differentially expressed genes. RESULTS Our microarray data was consistent with qPCR results. From microarrays, 853, 242 and 42 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the 3d vs. 0d, 30d vs. 0d and 60d vs. 0d comparison groups, respectively. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these genes were involved in metabolism, signaling, cell growth and immune system processes. Functional analysis of significant differentially expressed genes, such as SLC9A3R2, ABCB9, COMMD4, SUGT1, FCER1G, GSK3A, PAK4 and FCER2, revealed a crucial association with cellular homeostasis maintenance and immune response. Our data suggested that maintaining both effective immunological response and natural cellular activity are important for T lymphocytes in fighting against H. contortus infection. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a substantial list of candidate genes in sheep T lymphocytes response to H. contortus infection, and contribute novel insights into a general immune response upon infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qian-Jin Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Xue-Qiu Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Bao-Long Yan
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xiao-Lu Guo
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Hong-Li Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang center for animal disease control and prevention, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Ai-Fang Du
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Hegedüs C, Telbisz Á, Hegedűs T, Sarkadi B, Özvegy-Laczka C. Lipid regulation of the ABCB1 and ABCG2 multidrug transporters. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 125:97-137. [PMID: 25640268 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This chapter deals with the interactions of two medically important multidrug ABC transporters (MDR-ABC), ABCB1 and ABCG2, with lipid molecules. Both ABCB1 and ABCG2 are capable of transporting a wide range of hydrophobic drugs and xenobiotics and are involved in cancer chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, the exploration of their mechanism of action has major therapeutic consequences. As discussed here in detail, both ABCB1 and ABCG2 are significantly affected by various lipid compounds especially those residing in their close proximity in the plasma membrane. ABCB1 is capable of transporting lipids and lipid derivatives, and thus may alter the general membrane composition by "flopping" membrane lipid constituents, while there is no such information regarding ABCG2. Still, both ABCB1 and ABCG2 show complex interactions with a variety of lipid molecules, and the transporters are significantly modulated by cholesterol and cholesterol derivatives at the posttranslational level. In this chapter, we explore the molecular details of the direct transporter-lipid interactions, the potential role of lipid-sensor domains within the proteins, as well as the application of experimental site-directed mutagenesis, detailed structural studies, and in silico modeling for examining these interactions. We also discuss the regulation of ABCB1 and ABCG2 expression at the transcriptional level, occurring through nuclear receptors involved in lipid sensing. The better understanding of lipid interactions with these medically important MDR-ABC transporters may significantly improve further drug development and clinical treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Hegedüs
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Telbisz
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Hegedűs
- MTA-SE Molecular Biophysics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Sarkadi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Molecular Biophysics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Özvegy-Laczka
- MTA-SE Molecular Biophysics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Kluth M, Stindt J, Dröge C, Linnemann D, Kubitz R, Schmitt L. A mutation within the extended X loop abolished substrate-induced ATPase activity of the human liver ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter MDR3. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4896-4907. [PMID: 25533467 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.588566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human multidrug resistance protein 3 (MDR3/ABCB4) belongs to the ubiquitous family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and is located in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. There it flops the phospholipids of the phosphatidylcholine (PC) family from the inner to the outer leaflet. Here, we report the characterization of wild type MDR3 and the Q1174E mutant, which was identified previously in a patient with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC-3). We expressed different variants of MDR3 in the yeast Pichia pastoris, purified the proteins via tandem affinity chromatography, and determined MDR3-specific ATPase activity in the presence or absence of phospholipids. The ATPase activity of wild type MDR3 was stimulated 2-fold by liver PC or 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine lipids. Furthermore, the cross-linking of MDR3 with a thiol-reactive fluorophore blocked ATP hydrolysis and exhibited no PC stimulation. Similarly, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin lipids did not induce an increase of wild type MDR3 ATPase activity. The phosphate analogues beryllium fluoride and aluminum fluoride led to complete inhibition of ATPase activity, whereas orthovanadate inhibited exclusively the PC-stimulated ATPase activity of MDR3. The Q1174E mutation is located in the nucleotide-binding domain in direct proximity of the leucine of the ABC signature motif and extended the X loop, which is found in ABC exporters. Our data on the Q1174E mutant demonstrated basal ATPase activity, but PC lipids were incapable of stimulating ATPase activity highlighting the role of the extended X loop in the cross-talk of the nucleotide-binding domain and the transmembrane domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Kluth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Jan Stindt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Carola Dröge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Doris Linnemann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Ralf Kubitz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, University Hospital, 40225 Düsseldorf
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Tran PN, Brown SHJ, Mitchell TW, Matuschewski K, McMillan PJ, Kirk K, Dixon MWA, Maier AG. A female gametocyte-specific ABC transporter plays a role in lipid metabolism in the malaria parasite. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4773. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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L-methionase: a therapeutic enzyme to treat malignancies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:506287. [PMID: 25250324 PMCID: PMC4164312 DOI: 10.1155/2014/506287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an increasing cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. L-methionase has potential application against many types of cancers. L-Methionase is an intracellular enzyme in bacterial species, an extracellular enzyme in fungi, and absent in mammals. L-Methionase producing bacterial strain(s) can be isolated by 5,5′-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) as a screening dye. L-Methionine plays an important role in tumour cells. These cells become methionine dependent and eventually follow apoptosis due to methionine limitation in cancer cells. L-Methionine also plays an indispensable role in gene activation and inactivation due to hypermethylation and/or hypomethylation. Membrane transporters such as GLUT1 and ion channels like Na2+, Ca2+, K+, and Cl− become overexpressed. Further, the α-subunit of ATP synthase plays a role in cancer cells growth and development by providing them enhanced nutritional requirements. Currently, selenomethionine is also used as a prodrug in cancer therapy along with enzyme methionase that converts prodrug into active toxic chemical(s) that causes death of cancerous cells/tissue. More recently, fusion protein (FP) consisting of L-methionase linked to annexin-V has been used in cancer therapy. The fusion proteins have advantage that they have specificity only for cancer cells and do not harm the normal cells.
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Kuzaj P, Kuhn J, Dabisch-Ruthe M, Faust I, Götting C, Knabbe C, Hendig D. ABCC6- a new player in cellular cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism? Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:118. [PMID: 25064003 PMCID: PMC4124508 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulations in cholesterol and lipid metabolism have been linked to human diseases like hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis or the metabolic syndrome. Many ABC transporters are involved in trafficking of metabolites derived from these pathways. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an autosomal-recessive disease caused by ABCC6 mutations, is characterized by atherogenesis and soft tissue calcification. METHODS In this study we investigated the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis in human dermal fibroblasts from PXE patients and healthy controls. RESULTS Gene expression analysis of 84 targets indicated dysregulations in cholesterol metabolism in PXE fibroblasts. Transcript levels of ABCC6 were strongly increased in lipoprotein-deficient serum (LPDS) and under serum starvation in healthy controls. For the first time, increased HMG CoA reductase activities were found in PXE fibroblasts. We further observed strongly elevated transcript and protein levels for the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), as well as a significant reduction in APOE mRNA expression in PXE. CONCLUSION Increased cholesterol biosynthesis, elevated PCSK9 levels and reduced APOE mRNA expression newly found in PXE fibroblasts could enforce atherogenesis and cardiovascular risk in PXE patients. Moreover, the increase in ABCC6 expression accompanied by the induction of cholesterol biosynthesis supposes a functional role for ABCC6 in human lipoprotein and cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Doris Hendig
- Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32 545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
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Identification of a novel ATP-binding cassette transporter involved in long-chain fatty acid import and its role in triacylglycerol accumulation in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. Microbiology (Reading) 2014; 160:1523-1532. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.078477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the genus Rhodococcus are specialists in the biosynthesis and accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs). As no transport protein related to TAG metabolism has yet been characterized in these bacteria, we used the available genomic information of Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 to perform a broad survey of genes coding for putative lipid transporter proteins in this oleaginous micro-organism. Among the seven genes encoding putative lipid transporters, ro05645 (now called ltp1: lipid transporter protein) coding for an ATP-binding cassette protein was found clustered with others genes encoding enzymes catalysing the three putative acylation reactions of the Kennedy pathway for TAG synthesis. Overexpression of ltp1 in the RHA1 strain led to an increase of approximately sixfold and threefold in biomass and TAG production, respectively, when cells were cultivated on palmitic acid and oleic acid. Moreover, overexpression of ltp1 also promoted a significant increase in the uptake of a fluorescently labelled long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), as compared with the WT strain RHA1, and its further incorporation into the TAG fraction. Gluconate-grown cells showed increasing amounts of intracellular free fatty acids, but not of TAG, after overexpressing ltp1. Thus, for the first time to our knowledge, a transporter functionally related to TAG metabolism was identified in oleaginous rhodococci. Our results suggested that Ltp1 is an importer of LCFAs that plays a functional role in lipid homeostasis of R. jostii RHA1.
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Haghverdizadeh P, Sadat Haerian M, Haghverdizadeh P, Sadat Haerian B. ABCC8 genetic variants and risk of diabetes mellitus. Gene 2014; 545:198-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Structure and mechanism of ATP-dependent phospholipid transporters. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1850:461-75. [PMID: 24746984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and P4-ATPases are two large and seemingly unrelated families of primary active pumps involved in moving phospholipids from one leaflet of a biological membrane to the other. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review aims to identify common mechanistic features in the way phospholipid flipping is carried out by two evolutionarily unrelated families of transporters. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Both protein families hydrolyze ATP, although they employ different mechanisms to use it, and have a comparable size with twelve transmembrane segments in the functional unit. Further, despite differences in overall architecture, both appear to operate by an alternating access mechanism and during transport they might allow access of phospholipids to the internal part of the transmembrane domain. The latter feature is obvious for ABC transporters, but phospholipids and other hydrophobic molecules have also been found embedded in P-type ATPase crystal structures. Taken together, in two diverse groups of pumps, nature appears to have evolved quite similar ways of flipping phospholipids. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our understanding of the structural basis for phospholipid flipping is still limited but it seems plausible that a general mechanism for phospholipid flipping exists in nature. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Structural biochemistry and biophysics of membrane proteins.
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Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Zarogoulidis P, Linsmeier B, Kioumis I, Li Q, Huang H, Sachpatzidou D, Lampaki S, Organtzis J, Domvri K, Sakkas L, Zachariadis GA, Archontas KN, Kallianos A, Rapti A, Yarmus L, Zarogoulidis K, Brachmann J. Enhancement of Aerosol Cisplatin Chemotherapy with Gene Therapy Expressing ABC10 protein in Respiratory System. J Cancer 2014; 5:344-50. [PMID: 24723977 PMCID: PMC3982181 DOI: 10.7150/jca.9021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhaled therapy for lung cancer is a local form of treatment. Currently inhaled non-specific cytotoxic agents have been evaluated as a future treatment for local disease control and distant metastasis control. There are few information regarding the influence of local transporters and gene expression of the respiratory epithelium to the absorption of administered drugs. In the current work we used adenoviral-type 5(dE1/E3) (Cytomegalovirus promoter) with human ABCA10 transgene (Ad-h-ABCA10) purchased from Vector Labs® in order to investigate whether gene therapy can be used as a pre-treatment to enhance the efficiency of inhaled cisplatin. We included the following groups to our work: a) control, b) aerosol vector, c) aerosol vector plus cisplatin, d) aerosol cisplatin, e) intratumoral cisplatin administration, f) intratumoral vector plus cisplatin administration. The results indicate that the aerosol cisplatin group had a long term survival with the intratumoral cisplatin group following. The enhancement of the ABCA family locally to the respiratory system prior to the aerosol cisplatin administration can be used safely and efficiently. Future treatment design of local therapies should include the investigation of local transporters and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bernd Linsmeier
- 3. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medinos Clinic Sonneberg, Sonneberg, Germany
| | - Ioannis Kioumis
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Qiang Li
- 4. Department of Respiratory Diseases, Changhai Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Huang
- 4. Department of Respiratory Diseases, Changhai Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Despoina Sachpatzidou
- 5. Experimental Animal Laboratory, ``Theiagenio`` Anticancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Lampaki
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - John Organtzis
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Domvri
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Leonidas Sakkas
- 6. Pathology Department, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George A Zachariadis
- 7. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos N Archontas
- 7. Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aggeliki Rapti
- 8. Pulmonary Department, ``Sotiria`` Hospital of Chest Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Lonny Yarmus
- 9. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, U.S.A
| | - Konstantinos Zarogoulidis
- 2. Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, ``G. Papanikolaou`` General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Johannes Brachmann
- 1. II Medical Department, ``Coburg`` Regional Clinic, University of Wuerzburg, Coburg, Germany
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Wang J, Zou LL, Li AX. A novel iron transporter in Streptococcus iniae. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2013; 36:1007-1015. [PMID: 24102320 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01439.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus iniae is a major pathogen that results in considerable economic loss to fish farms. Restricted availability of iron is a huge obstacle to survival for pathogenic bacteria during infection, and iron acquisition is important in bacterial virulence. In this study, S. iniae HD-1 was shown not to produce siderophores (low-molecular-weight compounds) but rather to require iron-containing proteins for growth under iron-restricted conditions. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding-cassette (ABC) transporter system (ftsABCD), which is cotranscribed by four downstream genes, namely, ftsA, ftsB, ftsC and ftsD, was identified as responsible for haem utilization of S. iniae. Analysis of the corresponding recombinant protein, FtsB, indicated that it is a putative lipoprotein which plays a role in haem utilization and is produced in vivo during infection with S. iniae HD-1, and therefore may be a potential candidate antigen for a streptococcal vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Key Laboratory for Aquatic Products Safety of Ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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45
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Tarling EJ, de Aguiar Vallim TQ, Edwards PA. Role of ABC transporters in lipid transport and human disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:342-50. [PMID: 23415156 PMCID: PMC3659191 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Almost half of the 48 human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins are thought to facilitate the ATP-dependent translocation of lipids or lipid-related compounds. Such substrates include cholesterol, plant sterols, bile acids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Mutations in a substantial number of the 48 human ABC transporters have been linked to human disease. Indeed the finding that 12 diseases have been associated with abnormal lipid transport and/or homeostasis demonstrates the importance of this family of transporters in cell physiology. This review highlights the role of ABC transporters in lipid transport and movement, in addition to discussing their roles in cellular homeostasis and inherited disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Tarling
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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46
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Inventory and general analysis of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) gene superfamily in maize (Zea mays L.). Gene 2013; 526:411-28. [PMID: 23747399 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic functions of ATP-binding cassette (or ABC) proteins, one of the largest families of proteins presented in all organisms, have been investigated in many protozoan, animal and plant species. To facilitate more systematic and complicated studies on maize ABC proteins in the future, we present the first complete inventory of these proteins, including 130 open reading frames (ORFs), and provide general descriptions of their classifications, basic structures, typical functions, evolution track analysis and expression profiles. The 130 ORFs were assigned to eight subfamilies based on their structures and homological features. Five of these subfamilies consist of 109 proteins, containing transmembrane domains (TM) performing as transporters. The rest three subfamilies contain 21 soluble proteins involved in various functions other than molecular transport. A comparison of ABC proteins among nine selected species revealed either convergence or divergence in each of the ABC subfamilies. Generally, plant genomes contain far more ABC genes than animal genomes. The expression profiles and evolution track of each maize ABC gene were further investigated, the results of which could provide clues for analyzing their functions. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments (PCR) were conducted to detect induced expression in select ABC genes under several common stresses. This investigation provides valuable information for future research on stress tolerance in plants and potential strategies for enhancing maize production under stressful conditions.
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Abstract
Engineering microorganisms to produce biofuels is currently among the most promising strategies in renewable energy. However, harvesting these organisms for extracting biofuels is energy- and cost-intensive, limiting the commercial feasibility of large-scale production. Here, we demonstrate the use of a class of transport proteins of pharmacological interest to circumvent the need to harvest biomass during biofuel production. We show that membrane-embedded transporters, better known to efflux lipids and drugs, can be used to mediate the secretion of intracellularly synthesized model isoprenoid biofuel compounds to the extracellular milieu. Transporter-mediated biofuel secretion sustainably maintained an approximate three- to fivefold boost in biofuel production in our Escherichia coli test system. Because the transporters used in this study belong to the ubiquitous ATP-binding cassette protein family, we propose their use as "plug-and-play" biofuel-secreting systems in a variety of bacteria, cyanobacteria, diatoms, yeast, and algae used for biofuel production. This investigation showcases the potential of expressing desired membrane transport proteins in cell factories to achieve the export or import of substances of economic, environmental, or therapeutic importance.
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48
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Cho K, Mabasa L, Walters MW, Park CS. Lipotropes enhance the anti-proliferative effect of chemotherapeutic drugs in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:2237-42. [PMID: 23588242 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that dietary intake of methyl nutrients is associated with the risk of breast cancer. Lipotropes are methyl group-containing essential nutrients (methionine, choline, folate and vitamin B12) which play key roles in one-carbon metabolism; however, little is known about the implications of lipotropes in possible tumor-suppressive effects with chemotherapeutic drugs for breast cancer. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects of lipotropes on cell growth and apoptosis of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cells were cultured and treated with lipotropes, and cell proliferation, apoptosis and gene expression were determined. Also, the possible synergistic effects of lipotropes with anticancer drugs, the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and doxorubicin (DOX), were examined. Lipotropes significantly reduced the growth of MCF-7 cells and increased apoptosis as well as upregulation of caspase-3 and tumor protein 53 (p53) enzyme activities. Gene transcription, as measured by quantitative real-time PCR, revealed a significant increase of p53 mRNA in MCF-7 cells treated with lipotropes, but there were no differences in two drug-resistant related genes. Moreover, lipotropes showed significant additive effects with SAHA and DOX on cell growth inhibition. These results suggest that lipotropes induce apoptosis, inhibit cell growth, and display anti-proliferative effects with SAHA and DOX in MCF-7 cells. Owing to the tumor-suppressive effects observed, lipotropes in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs may be tested further in animal models as potential therapeutic agents for reducing breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyongshin Cho
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
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van der Mark VA, Elferink RPJO, Paulusma CC. P4 ATPases: flippases in health and disease. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:7897-922. [PMID: 23579954 PMCID: PMC3645723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14047897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
P4 ATPases catalyze the translocation of phospholipids from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaflet of biological membranes, a process termed “lipid flipping”. Accumulating evidence obtained in lower eukaryotes points to an important role for P4 ATPases in vesicular protein trafficking. The human genome encodes fourteen P4 ATPases (fifteen in mouse) of which the cellular and physiological functions are slowly emerging. Thus far, deficiencies of at least two P4 ATPases, ATP8B1 and ATP8A2, are the cause of severe human disease. However, various mouse models and in vitro studies are contributing to our understanding of the cellular and physiological functions of P4-ATPases. This review summarizes current knowledge on the basic function of these phospholipid translocating proteins, their proposed action in intracellular vesicle transport and their physiological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent A van der Mark
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 69-71, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Coleman JA, Quazi F, Molday RS. Mammalian P4-ATPases and ABC transporters and their role in phospholipid transport. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1831:555-74. [PMID: 23103747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transport of phospholipids across cell membranes plays a key role in a wide variety of biological processes. These include membrane biosynthesis, generation and maintenance of membrane asymmetry, cell and organelle shape determination, phagocytosis, vesicle trafficking, blood coagulation, lipid homeostasis, regulation of membrane protein function, apoptosis, etc. P(4)-ATPases and ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters are the two principal classes of membrane proteins that actively transport phospholipids across cellular membranes. P(4)-ATPases utilize the energy from ATP hydrolysis to flip aminophospholipids from the exocytoplasmic (extracellular/lumen) to the cytoplasmic leaflet of cell membranes generating membrane lipid asymmetry and lipid imbalance which can induce membrane curvature. Many ABC transporters play crucial roles in lipid homeostasis by actively transporting phospholipids from the cytoplasmic to the exocytoplasmic leaflet of cell membranes or exporting phospholipids to protein acceptors or micelles. Recent studies indicate that some ABC proteins can also transport phospholipids in the opposite direction. The importance of P(4)-ATPases and ABC transporters is evident from the findings that mutations in many of these transporters are responsible for severe human genetic diseases linked to defective phospholipid transport. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Phospholipids and Phospholipid Metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Coleman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
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