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Mustafa MI, Ali IA, Mohammed MA, Taha EH, Awad KM, Musa OA. Reference intervals of complete blood count parameters in the adult western Sudanese population. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:99. [PMID: 38566261 PMCID: PMC10988930 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A complete blood count (CBC) analysis is one of the most common conventional blood tests that physicians frequently prescribe. THE OBJECTIVE of this study was to determine the reference intervals (RIs) of CBC parameters in the population of healthy adults living in the western Sudan region. METHODS A cross-sectional study of healthy people residing in the western area of Sudan was carried out. We assessed the CBC RIs in samples taken from 153 individuals using an automated haematology analyser (Sysmex KX-21) and a modified Box-Cox transformation procedure to transform the data into a Gaussian distribution after eliminating outliers using the Dixon method. IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 was used to analyse the data, and t tests were employed to examine variations in the mean CBC parameters according to sex and age. P was considered significant at ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Beyond all the other measured values, the only CBC parameters that significantly differed between the sexes were haemoglobin (HGB) and white blood cell (WBC) counts. Women were found to experience more WBC counts than men did. However, they have less HGB RIs.The male participants in our study exhibited lower WBC count RIs, a significantly lower limit, and a greater upper limit of platelet RIs than did the individuals from other nations. CONCLUSIONS Compared with males, females had higher platelet and WBC counts and lower HGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Ibrahim Mustafa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ibrahim Abdelrhim Ali
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Muaath Ahmed Mohammed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Elmutaz Hussien Taha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dongola, Dongola, Sudan
| | - Kamal Mohamed Awad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gadarif, Elgadarif, Sudan
| | - Omer Abdelaziz Musa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
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Al-Allaff RGM, Bakr Al-Sawaf TM. Correlation Between a Deficiency of D3 Levels and the Development of Allergic Rhinitis. Pak J Biol Sci 2024; 27:27-34. [PMID: 38413395 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2024.27.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder characterized by sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion and lacrimation, which negatively affects the quality of life to a large extent. The study aimed to find a link between the effect of vitamin D3 levels on Immunoglobulin (IgE) levels in patients with allergic AR. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> This study included 30 patients with AR, with ages ranging from 18 to 35, of both sexes. For vitamin D levels, <u>></u>30 ng/mL is considered sufficient and <u><</u>20 ng/mL is a deficiency. The second group includes 30 people with adequate levels of vitamin D3 as a control group. All results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA, in addition to using the regression coefficient test to test the extent of the effect of D3 on the development of allergic rhinitis at a significant level of p<u><</u>0.05 using the SPSS program 24. <b>Results:</b> The results showed a significant decrease in the levels of vitamin D3 in the serum of the AR patients compared with the control group and a substantial increase in the levels of IgE in the serum of the AR patients compared with the control group at a significant level of p<u><</u>0.05. Additionally, the results showed in the regression coefficient an inverse and significant effect of vitamin D3 concentration on serum IgE levels, which is significant in terms of the p-value, which appeared equal to 0.010. By observing the value of the R<sup>2</sup> coefficient of determination, it is clear that a change in the concentration of vitamin D3 causes 58% of the changes in IgE levels. <b>Conclusion:</b> Through linear regression correlation, an inverse linear relationship emerged linking low vitamin D3 levels to increased IgE levels with an effect rate of 58%.
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Alfehaid MS, Babiker AM, Alkharraz AH, Alsaeed HY, Alzunaydi AA, Aldubaiyan AA, Sinyan HA, Alkhalaf BK, Alshuwaykan R, Khalil R, Al-Wutayd O. Elevated total and direct bilirubin are associated with acute complicated appendicitis: a single-center based study in Saudi Arabia. BMC Surg 2023; 23:342. [PMID: 37950198 PMCID: PMC10638704 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency and up to our knowledge no previous studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia particularly at Qassim region and this study aimed to determine a total and direct bilirubin as a predictor of acute complicated appendicitis. METHODS Observational retrospective study that included patients admitted under the general surgery department with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis at King Saud Hospital, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia. Data on age, gender, BMI, diabetes mellitus, total and direct bilirubin, AST, ALT, sodium, and WBCs levels were obtained. RESULT Among the overall study population of 158 patients, the age median [IQR] was 24.5 [19-31], males were 99 (62.7%), and complicated appendicitis was 33 (20.9%). The multivariable analysis revealed that both elevated total and direct bilirubin are associated with complicated appendicitis (aOR = 3.79, 95% CI: 1.67-8.48, P = 0.001) and (aOR = 4.74, 95% CI: 2.07-10.86, P < 0.001) respectively. A receiver operating characteristic curve showed the best cutoff value of total and direct bilirubin as ≥ 15 µmol/L and ≥ 5 µmol/L respectively, with a sensitivity of 57.6%, and specificity of 73.6% for elevated total bilirubin, and a sensitivity of 54.6%, and specificity of 80% for elevated direct bilirubin. CONCLUSION Elevated total and direct bilirubin are associated with acute complicated appendicitis in this setting. However, it should be supportive factor for acute complicated appendicitis and not considered as standalone diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Alfehaid
- Department of Surgery, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman M Babiker
- King Saud Hospital, Ministry of Health, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hamad Alkharraz
- Research unit, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Yousef Alsaeed
- Research unit, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alzunaydi
- Research unit, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adi Abdulaziz Aldubaiyan
- Research unit, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Rehana Khalil
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Al-Wutayd
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.
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Jabri MA, Hajaji S, Omrani A, Ben Youssef M, Sebai H. Myrtle Berries Seeds Prevent Dyslipidemia, Inflammation, and Excessive Cardiac Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Response to High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. J Med Food 2023; 26:631-640. [PMID: 37566463 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are the major polyphenols in myrtle berries seeds aqueous extract (MBSAE). This study investigates the protective potentials of MBSAE against obesity lipotoxicity and inflammation induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). It also describes the underlying mechanisms involved in its protective effects, with special attention to myocardial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Male Wistar rats were fed HFD for 6 weeks to induce obesity. MBSAE (100 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) was orally administered to HFD-fed rats. Anti-obesity effects were triggered by the inhibitory action of the MBSAE against the weights of the body, its relative heart and the total abdominal fat. Treatment with MBSAE also restored the lipid profile to baseline compared with the HFD rats and lowered also the white blood cells count, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and basophils number as well as cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-6, and IL-1β) levels in the rats serum, thus improving the tissue inflammatory status associated with obesity. Exposure of rats to HFD during 6 weeks induces a myocardial oxidative stress as assessed by deleterious effects on lipoperoxidation state, antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, and GPx) activities as well as sulfhydryl groups and GSH rates. Of importance, our study shows also that HFD provokes a heart ROS (H2O2, OH•, and O2•-) overload. Of interest, all these oxidative heart disturbances were clearly ended by MBSAE treatment. Therefore, consumption of MBSAE as a natural extract may be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Hajaji
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Ameni Omrani
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Meriam Ben Youssef
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Unit of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
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Waggiallah HA, Khair HE, Suliman RS, Al Shmrany H, Elkhider EE, Eltayeb MMA, Mohamed Mahmoud NA, Elmosaad YM. Impact of Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus on Blood Cells Indices and Plasma Components in Patients Without Nephropathy. Pak J Biol Sci 2023; 26:279-286. [PMID: 37859558 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2023.279.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Diabetes mellitus (DM) the most prevalent consequences are diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular illnesses, erectile dysfunctions, stroke and cardiovascular difficulties. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus on blood cells' indices and plasma components. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> This is a prospective cross-sectional study. The research was carried out at the King Fahad Medical Center in Riyadh, in duration from February, 2023 to May, 2023, in the interest of healthcare consumers attending the hematology laboratory for routine investigations. Sixty samples were collected and complete blood count, lipid profile, HbA1c and blood glucose for blood samples. <b>Results:</b> In this study, females accounted for 53.3% of the participants, while males accounted for 46.7%. In terms of age distribution, more than 55 years old accounted for 50% of the study's participants. A significant correlation has been found between HbA1c and red blood cell Mean Cell Volume (MCV) and there was a significant association between the high level of HbA1c and the red blood count. However, there was no significant correlation between plasma components and HbA1c. <b>Conclusion:</b> There is a remarkable effect of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and RBCs count and erythrocyte MCV.
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Qutob HMH, Saad RA, Bali H, Osailan A, Jaber J, Alzahrani E, Alyami J, Elsayed H, Alserihi R, Shaikhomar OA. Impact of dexamethasone and tocilizumab on hematological parameters in COVID-19 patients with chronic disease. Med Clin (Engl Ed) 2022; 159:569-574. [PMID: 36536624 PMCID: PMC9752094 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcle.2022.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The most effective way to control severity and mortality rate of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is through sensitive diagnostic approaches and an appropriate treatment protocol. We aimed to identify the effect of adding corticosteroid and Tocilizumab to a standard treatment protocol in treating COVID-19 patients with chronic disease through hematological and lab biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed retrospectively on 68 COVID-19 patients with chronic disease who were treated by different therapeutic protocols. The patients were categorized into four groups: control group represented the patients' lab results at admission before treatment protocols were applied; group 1 included patients treated with anticoagulants, Hydroxychloroquine, and antibiotics; group 2 comprised patients treated with Dexamethasone; and group 3 included patients treated with Dexamethasone and Tocilizumab. RESULTS The WBC and neutrophil counts were increased significantly in group 3 upon the treatment when they were compared with patients in group 1 (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). The comparison of C-reactive Protein (CRP) level at admission was higher in group 3 than in group 1 with p = 0.030. After 10 days of treatment, CRP level was decreased in all groups, but in group 3 it was statistically significant (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION The study paves the way into the effectiveness of combining Dexamethasone with Tocilizumab in treatment COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham M H Qutob
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 25732, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramadan A Saad
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ainshams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamza Bali
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Osailan
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana Jaber
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Alzahrani
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamilah Alyami
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Elsayed
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Raed Alserihi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- 3D Bioprinting Unit, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Shaikhomar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Qutob HM, Saad RA, Bali H, Osailan A, Jaber J, Alzahrani E, Alyami J, Elsayed H, Alserihi R, Shaikhomar OA. Impact of dexamethasone and tocilizumab on hematological parameters in COVID-19 patients with chronic disease. Med Clin (Barc) 2022; 159:569-574. [PMID: 35659421 PMCID: PMC9035366 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The most effective way to control severity and mortality rate of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is through sensitive diagnostic approaches and an appropriate treatment protocol. We aimed to identify the effect of adding corticosteroid and Tocilizumab to a standard treatment protocol in treating COVID-19 patients with chronic disease through hematological and lab biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed retrospectively on 68 COVID-19 patients with chronic disease who were treated by different therapeutic protocols. The patients were categorized into four groups: control group represented the patients' lab results at admission before treatment protocols were applied; group 1 included patients treated with anticoagulants, Hydroxychloroquine, and antibiotics; group 2 comprised patients treated with Dexamethasone; and group 3 included patients treated with Dexamethasone and Tocilizumab. RESULTS The WBC and neutrophil counts were increased significantly in group 3 upon the treatment when they were compared with patients in group 1 (p=0.004 and p=0.001, respectively). The comparison of C-reactive Protein (CRP) level at admission was higher in group 3 than in group 1 with p=0.030. After 10 days of treatment, CRP level was decreased in all groups, but in group 3 it was statistically significant (p=0.002). CONCLUSION The study paves the way into the effectiveness of combining Dexamethasone with Tocilizumab in treatment COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham M.H. Qutob
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 25732, Saudi Arabia,Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Corresponding author
| | - Ramadan A. Saad
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ainshams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hamza Bali
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Osailan
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana Jaber
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Alzahrani
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamilah Alyami
- Internal Medicine Department, Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Elsayed
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Raed Alserihi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,3D Bioprinting Unit, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Shaikhomar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmed Mohmmed E, Shousha WG, El-Saiid AS, Ramadan SS. A Clinical Evaluation of Circulating MiR-106a and Raf-1 as Breast Cancer Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:3513-3520. [PMID: 34837907 PMCID: PMC9068186 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.11.3513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) regulate mammalian cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis by altering the expression of other genes and serve multiple roles in tumorigenesis and progression. Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (RAF-1) functions as a part of the MAPK/ERK signal transduction pathway. The present study aim was to prospectively evaluate MicroRNA 106a (MiR-106a) and RAF-1 as a diagnostic and prognostic factor in early prediction of breast cancer (BC), recurrence and early detection of distant metastasis as well as to analyses the statistical correlation between MiR-106a and RAF-1 levels and clinical-pathological parameters including tumor size, lymph node, histological type and grading. METHODS Sera and plasma of 30 normal women and 50 women with breast carcinoma were assayed for MiR-106a by RT-qPCR as well as levels of Hb, WBCs and platelets count and RAF-1 by solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The patients' characteristics, they were classified according to grade into 8% grade I, 66% grade II, 22% grade III and 4% grade IV. The stages were classified according to the TNM system as stage II was the highest percentage 66%, while the lowest percentage was 10% for stage I and 24% for stage III. Also, Hb% and RAF-1 levels were significantly decreased in breast cancer patients as compared with healthy control. On the other hand, MiRNA-106a gene expression was non-significantly increased in positive lymph node metastasis patients (FC=3.66) when compared to patients with negative lymph node metastasis (FC=3.51). In addition, MiR-106a was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer patients with a fold of change 3.63 when compared to control samples. CONCLUSION Expression of MiR-106a gene can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic noninvasive biomarker which can stimulates breast cancer cell invasion and proliferation through downregulation of Raf-1 levels.<br />.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abeer Salah El-Saiid
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Almaiman L, Allemailem KS, El-Kady AM, Alrasheed M, Almatroudi A, Alekezem FS, Elrasheedy A, Al-Megrin WA, Alobaid HM, Elshabrawy HA. Prevalence and Significance of Pyuria in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090831. [PMID: 34575608 PMCID: PMC8470286 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a major health problem, which poses a burden for health care systems worldwide. It has been estimated that 10% of the population worldwide have CKD; however, most of the cases are undiagnosed. If left untreated, CKD could lead to kidney failure, which highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Pyuria has been reported in CKD patients, and could be the result of several comorbidities, such as diabetes, or urinary tract infections (UTIs). A few studies have shown that pyuria is associated with the late stages of CKD. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of non-UTI (sterile) and UTI-pyuria in different CKD patient populations, and its association with the decline in kidney function and progression of CKD. In this retrospective study, we report the prevalence of pyuria (sterile and UTI) in 754 CKD patients of King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. Our data showed that 164/754 CKD patients (21.8%) had pyuria, whereas 590 patients (78.2%) presented with no pyuria. There was a significantly higher percentage of late-stage (stage 4) CKD patients in the pyuric group compared to the non-pyuric group (36.6% vs. 11.9%). In line with the previous data, proteinuria was detected in a significantly higher percentage of pyuric patients, in addition to significantly higher levels of serum creatinine and urea, compared to non-pyuric patients. Furthermore, 13.4% of the pyuric CKD patients had UTI, whereas 86.6% presented with sterile pyuria. E. coli was indicated as the causative agent in 45.5% of UTI patients. Our patient data analysis showed that a significantly higher percentage of UTI-pyuric CKD patients, than sterile pyuric patients (63.6% vs. 19.7%), had higher numbers of urinary white blood cells (>50/HPF, WBCs). The data also showed that a higher percentage of UTI-pyuric patients were late-stage CKD patients, compared to sterile pyuric patients (50% vs. 34.5%). Our findings indicate that a high level of pyuria could be considered as a marker for late-stage CKD, and that UTI is an important risk factor for the decline in kidney function and the progression to late-stage CKD. We believe that further studies are needed to correlate pyuria to kidney function, which could be helpful in monitoring the progression of CKD. Moreover, the management of comorbidities, such as diabetes and UTIs, which are risk factors for CKD and associated pyuria, could help to control the progression of CKD to the late stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Almaiman
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Asmaa M. El-Kady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Mishaal Alrasheed
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah 52211, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.E.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (L.A.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Fahad S. Alekezem
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah 52211, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.E.)
| | - Abdelrahman Elrasheedy
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah 52211, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.S.A.); (A.E.)
| | - Wafa Abdullah Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hussah M. Alobaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hatem A. Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(936)202-5216; Fax: +1-(936)202-5260
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Hajam YA, Rai S, Ghosh H, Basheer M. Combined administration of exogenous melatonin and insulin ameliorates streptozotocin induced toxic alteration on hematological parameters in diabetic male Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:353-9. [PMID: 32095432 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present was to ameliorate the protective effect of exogenous melatonin and insulin against the diabetes induced alterations in the different hematological variables. Albino rats were administrated streptozotocin at the dose of 15 mg/kg for 6 days. Total 54 rats were randomly selected for the experimental purpose and were divided into two major groups. Group-1 consisting twenty four (24) and were further sub-divided into four (4) different groups viz. group-I served as normal control, group-II served as melatonin treated, group-III served as insulin treated and group-IV served as glibenclamide treated. Group-2 consisting thirty (30) rats were given streptozotocin (STZ) injection (15 mg/kg) for 6 days. After confirmation of diabetes by measuring blood glucose level, animals having blood glucose level above 250 mg/dl) confirmed as diabetic. Thirty (30) Diabetic rats were further subdivided into following sub-groups and were given different therapeutic treatments, Viz group-I served as Diabetic control, group-II treated with melatonin, group-III treated with insulin, group-IV given treatment of melatonin and insulin and group-V were given treatment of glibenclamide respectively. Diabetic rats showed modulation in all the studied hematological variables. Diabetic rats displayed significant decline in RBCs count, HB level and its associated indices (HCT, RDW, MCV, MCH, MCHC), WBCs and its related indices (polymorphs and lymphocytes) and platelet distribution width (PDW %) whereas platelet count showed significant increase. Nonetheless alone as well as combined treatment of exogenous melatonin and insulin restored all altered hematological parameters. However, significant recovery was found in the group in which combined dose of melatonin and insulin was administrated. Therefore, it might be concluded that combined administration of melatonin and insulin will be better remedy to normalize the altered blood profile during the diabetic condition.
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Boonsongserm P, Angsuwatcharakon P, Puttipanyalears C, Aporntewan C, Kongruttanachok N, Aksornkitti V, Kitkumthorn N, Mutirangura A. Tumor-induced DNA methylation in the white blood cells of patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3039-3048. [PMID: 31452782 PMCID: PMC6676401 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The secretions of cancer cells alter epigenetic regulation in cancer stromal cells. The present study investigated the methylation changes in white blood cells (WBCs) caused by the secretions of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Changes in the DNA methylation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from normal individuals co-cultured with CRC cells were estimated using a methylation microarray. These changes were then compared against the DNA methylation changes and mRNA levels observed in the WBCs of patients with CRC. Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) were selected to assess the DNA methylation of the WBCs from CRC patients using real-time methylation-specific PCR. The majority of the genes analyzed presented high levels of mRNA in the WBCs of the patients with CRC and DNA methylation in the co-cultured PBMCs. Intragenic methylation revealed the strongest association (P=8.52×10-21). For validation, MMP9 and PLOD1 were selected and used to test WBCs from 32 patients with CRC and 57 normal controls. The intragenic MMP9 methylation was commonly found (P<0.0001) with high sensitivity (90.63%) and high specificity (96.49%), and a positive predictive value of 93.33% and a negative predictive value of 93.22%. PLOD1 methylation was revealed to have lower sensitivity (30.00%) but higher specificity (97.92%). In addition to circulating WBCs, MMP9 protein expression was observed in infiltrating WBCs and the metastatic lymph nodes of patients with CRC. In conclusion, CRC cells secrete factors that induce genome wide DNA methylation changes in the WBCs of patients with CRC. These changes, including intragenic MMP9 methylation in WBCs, are promising CRC biomarkers to be tested in future CRC screening studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papatson Boonsongserm
- Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Charoenchai Puttipanyalears
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chatchawit Aporntewan
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Narisorn Kongruttanachok
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vitavat Aksornkitti
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Pang K, Li Y, Liu M, Meng Z, Yu Y. Inventory and general analysis of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) gene superfamily in maize (Zea mays L.). Gene 2013; 526:411-28. [PMID: 23747399 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic functions of ATP-binding cassette (or ABC) proteins, one of the largest families of proteins presented in all organisms, have been investigated in many protozoan, animal and plant species. To facilitate more systematic and complicated studies on maize ABC proteins in the future, we present the first complete inventory of these proteins, including 130 open reading frames (ORFs), and provide general descriptions of their classifications, basic structures, typical functions, evolution track analysis and expression profiles. The 130 ORFs were assigned to eight subfamilies based on their structures and homological features. Five of these subfamilies consist of 109 proteins, containing transmembrane domains (TM) performing as transporters. The rest three subfamilies contain 21 soluble proteins involved in various functions other than molecular transport. A comparison of ABC proteins among nine selected species revealed either convergence or divergence in each of the ABC subfamilies. Generally, plant genomes contain far more ABC genes than animal genomes. The expression profiles and evolution track of each maize ABC gene were further investigated, the results of which could provide clues for analyzing their functions. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments (PCR) were conducted to detect induced expression in select ABC genes under several common stresses. This investigation provides valuable information for future research on stress tolerance in plants and potential strategies for enhancing maize production under stressful conditions.
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Barthelmes D, Irhimeh MR, Gillies MC, Karimipour M, Zhou M, Zhu L, Shen WY. Diabetes impairs mobilization of mouse bone marrow-derived Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) progenitor cells. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2013; 51:163-73. [PMID: 23714230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells circulating in the peripheral blood (PB) contribute to vascular repair. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a 'cocktail' consisting of erythropoietin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and tetrahydrobiopterin to mobilize hematopoietic lineage negative/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 positive (Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+)) cells from the bone marrow (BM) to PB in non-diabetic and diabetic mice. Diabetes was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Diabetic mice were studied after 16weeks of hyperglycemia. Half the mice in each group (non-diabetic and diabetic) received daily intraperitoneal injections of the cocktail for 6 consecutive days while the other half received vehicle buffer. Mobilization of Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) cells, which were expanded in MCP301 medium, was evaluated after isolating them from BM and PB and their phenotypic and morphological properties were studied. We found that 16weeks of diabetes affected neither the total number of BM mononucleated cells nor the number of Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) cells in BM compared with non-diabetic controls. In non-diabetic mice, cocktail treatment resulted in a significant decrease in BM Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) cells, paralleled by a significant increase of these cells in PB. Such changes in the number of Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) cells in BM and PB after the cocktail treatment were less marked in diabetic mice. In vitro studies of BM Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) cells from diabetic and non-diabetic mice did not reveal any differences in either phenotypes or colony forming potential. These findings indicate that diabetes impairs the mobilization of Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) cells from BM to PB. Impaired mobilization of BM Lin(-)/VEGF-R2(+) cells soon after the onset of diabetes may contribute to complications such as diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barthelmes
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney Hospital and Sydney Eye Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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