1
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Yu X, Kong Q, Wu Y, Li W, Rinchen D, Zhang Z, Shen Q, Luo P. Impact of extraction method on the lipids of Himalayan marmot oil with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9761. [PMID: 38714820 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Himalayan marmot oil (SPO) has been used for pharmaceutical purposes for centuries, but its composition is still unclear. The bioactivity of SPO highly depends on the techniques used for its processing. This study focused on the comprehensive lipidomics of SPO, especially on the ones derived from dry rendering, wet rendering, cold pressing, and ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction. METHODS We performed lipid profiling of SPO acquired by different extraction methods using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and 17 classes of lipids (2 BMPs, 12 LysoPCs, 9 LysoPEs, 41 PCs, 24 PEs, 23 Plasmenyl-PCs, 10 Plasmenyl-PEs, 10 MGs, 63 DGs, 187 TGs, 2 MGDGs, 3 Cer[NDS]s, 22 Cer[NS]s, 2 GlcCer[NS]s, 14 SMs, 14 CEs, and 6 AcylCarnitines) were characterized. RESULTS Fifty-five lipids were differentially altered (VIP > 1.5, p < 0.05) between the extraction techniques, which can be used as potential biomarkers to differentiate SPO extracted by various methods. Additionally, the contents of oleic acid and arachidic acid were abundant in all samples that may suggest their medicinal values and are conducive to in-depth research. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal the alterations of lipid profile and free fatty acid composition in SPO obtained with different extraction methods, providing a theoretical foundation for investigating its important components as functional factors in medicines and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xina Yu
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weilong Li
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dorje Rinchen
- Affiliated Hospital of the Tibet University of Tibetan Medicine, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Qing Shen
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei Luo
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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2
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Bouza M, García-Martínez J, Gilbert-López B, Moreno-González D, Rocío-Bautista P, Parras-Guijarro D, Sánchez-Vizcaino A, Brandt S, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A, Franzke J. Liquid Chromatography-Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Mass Spectrometry for the analysis of neutral lipids of archaeological interest. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3105-3114. [PMID: 35801641 PMCID: PMC9544991 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric barrier discharge ionization has gained attention in the last few years due to its versatility and the vast array of molecules that can be ionized. In this study, we report on the assessment of liquid chromatography coupled to dielectric barrier discharge ionization with mass spectrometry for neutral lipid analysis. A set of different neutral lipid subclasses (triacylglycerides, diacylglycerides, and sterols) were selected for the study. The main species detected from our ionization source were [M‐H2O+H]+, [M+H]+ or [M‐R‐H2O+H]+, attributed to sterol dehydration, protonation or the fragmentation of an acyl chain accompanied by a water loss of the glycerolipids, respectively. In terms of sensitivity, the dielectric barrier discharge displayed overall improved abundances and comparable or better limits of quantitation than atmospheric pressure chemical ionization for both acylglycerols and sterols. As a case study, different archaeological samples with variable content in neutral lipids, particularly triacylglycerides, were studied. The identification was carried out by combining accurate mass and the tentative formula associated with the exact mass, retention time matching with standards, and additional structural information from in‐source fragmentation. The high degree of unsaturation and the presence of sterols revealed the potential vegetal origin of the material stored in the analyzed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Bouza
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Julio García-Martínez
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - David Moreno-González
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Priscilla Rocío-Bautista
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - David Parras-Guijarro
- University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Vizcaino
- University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Sebastian Brandt
- ISAS-Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Joachim Franzke
- ISAS-Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
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3
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Zhang W, Jian R, Zhao J, Liu Y, Xia Y. Deep-lipidotyping by mass spectrometry: recent technical advances and applications. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100219. [PMID: 35489417 PMCID: PMC9213770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In-depth structural characterization of lipids is an essential component of lipidomics. There has been a rapid expansion of mass spectrometry methods that are capable of resolving lipid isomers at various structural levels over the past decade. These developments finally make deep-lipidotyping possible, which provides new means to study lipid metabolism and discover new lipid biomarkers. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) methods for identification of complex lipids beyond the species (known headgroup information) and molecular species (known chain composition) levels. These include identification at the levels of carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) location and sn-position as well as characterization of acyl chain modifications. We also discuss the integration of isomer-resolving MS/MS methods with different lipid analysis workflows and their applications in lipidomics. The results showcase the distinct capabilities of deep-lipidotyping in untangling the metabolism of individual isomers and sensitive phenotyping by using relative fractional quantitation of the isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ruijun Jian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yikun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biological, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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4
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Engel KM, Prabutzki P, Leopold J, Nimptsch A, Lemmnitzer K, Vos DRN, Hopf C, Schiller J. A new update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101145. [PMID: 34995672 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is an indispensable tool in modern lipid research since it is fast, sensitive, tolerates sample impurities and provides spectra without major analyte fragmentation. We will discuss some methodological aspects, the related ion-forming processes and the MALDI MS characteristics of the different lipid classes (with the focus on glycerophospholipids) and the progress, which was achieved during the last ten years. Particular attention will be given to quantitative aspects of MALDI MS since this is widely considered as the most serious drawback of the method. Although the detailed role of the matrix is not yet completely understood, it will be explicitly shown that the careful choice of the matrix is crucial (besides the careful evaluation of the positive and negative ion mass spectra) in order to be able to detect all lipid classes of interest. Two developments will be highlighted: spatially resolved Imaging MS is nowadays well established and the distribution of lipids in tissues merits increasing interest because lipids are readily detectable and represent ubiquitous compounds. It will also be shown that a combination of MALDI MS with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) enables a fast spatially resolved screening of an entire TLC plate which makes the method competitive with LC/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin M Engel
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Patricia Prabutzki
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Jenny Leopold
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Ariane Nimptsch
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Katharina Lemmnitzer
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - D R Naomi Vos
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany.
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5
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Tötsch K, Fjeldsted JC, Stow SM, Schmitz OJ, Meckelmann SW. Effect of Sampling Rate and Data Pretreatment for Targeted and Nontargeted Analysis by Means of Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Drift Time Ion Mobility Quadruple Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2592-2603. [PMID: 34515480 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility as an additional separation dimension can help to resolve and annotate metabolite and lipid biomarkers and provides important information about the components in a sample. Identifying relevant information in the resulting data is challenging because of the complexity of the data and data evaluation strategies for both targeted or nontargeted workflows. Frequently, feature analysis is used as a first step to search for differences between samples in discovery workflows. However, follow-up experimentation often leads to more targeted data extraction methods. In both cases, optimizing data sets for data extraction can make an important contribution to the overall results. In this work, we evaluate the effect of experimental conditions including acquisition sampling rate and data pretreatment on lipid standards and lipid extracts as examples of complex biological samples analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to drift time ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results show that a reduction of both peak variation and background noise can be achieved by optimizing the sampling rate. The use of data pretreatment including data smoothing, intensity thresholding, and spike removal also play an important role in improving detection and annotation of analytes from complex biological samples, whereas nonoptimal data sampling rates and preprocessing can lead to adverse effects including the loss or alternation of small, or closely eluting, low-abundant peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Tötsch
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - John C Fjeldsted
- Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California 95051, United States
| | - Sarah M Stow
- Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, California 95051, United States
| | - Oliver J Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Sven W Meckelmann
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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6
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Xia T, Yuan M, Xu Y, Zhou F, Yu K, Xia Y. Deep Structural Annotation of Glycerolipids by the Charge-Tagging Paterno-Büchi Reaction and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8345-8353. [PMID: 34056897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycerolipids (GLs) are essential for cellular lipid homeostasis, while dysregulation in GL metabolism is often associated with the onset or progression of human-related metabolic diseases. The profile of GLs is thus frequently used as a molecular readout for disease phenotyping. Although mass spectrometry (MS) is the method of choice for GL profiling, the current MS methods are unable to differentiate two major types of structural isomers due to the fact that fatty acyls can be linked to different positions on the glycerol backbone (sn-positions) and the site(s) of unsaturation in acyl chains. Herein, by utilizing charge-tagging Paterno-Büchi (PB) derivatization of carbon-carbon double bond (C═C), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), and mobility aligned tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), a workflow has been developed for the sensitive and structurally informative analysis of GLs. SFC allows fast separation (within 25 min) of sn-isomers of diacylglycerols (DGs) and separation of triacylglycerols (TGs) of different chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation. Time-aligned parallel fragmentation enables multiple-stage MS/MS of the PB-derivatized lipids in a high-throughput fashion and allows pinpointing C═C location to a specific fatty acyl chain. This workflow reveals the presence of more than 500 molecular structures of neutral lipids from pooled human plasma. A comparison of human plasma samples between type 2 diabetes (N = 7) and control (N = 7) shows significant changes in isomer compositions (C18:1 Δ9 vs Δ11) from nine groups of TG and DG. These findings suggest that the developed workflow can be potentially applied to lipid marker discovery for disease monitoring or diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- Waters Corporation, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Yongwei Xu
- Waters Corporation, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Bytedance Technology Co., Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Kate Yu
- Waters Corporation, Milford, Massachusetts 01532, United States
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Harlina PW, Ma M, Shahzad R. Quantification of Lipidomics Profiling using UPLC‐QE‐HESI‐ Lipid Analysis on the Salted Duck Egg Incorporated with Clove Extract. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Putri Widyanti Harlina
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung Bandung West Java 40614 Indonesia
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 P. R. China
| | - Meihu Ma
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 P. R. China
| | - Raheel Shahzad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung Bandung West Java 40614 Indonesia
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8
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Wang Y, Yutuc E, Griffiths WJ. Standardizing and increasing the utility of lipidomics: a look to the next decade. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:699-717. [PMID: 33191815 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1847086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: We present our views on the current application of mass spectrometry (MS) based lipidomics and how lipidomics can develop in the next decade to be most practical use to society. That is not to say that lipidomics has not already been of value. In-fact, in its earlier guise as metabolite profiling most of the pathways of steroid biosynthesis were uncovered and via focused lipidomics many inborn errors of metabolism are routinely clinically identified. However, can lipidomics be extended to improve biochemical understanding of, and to diagnose, the most prevalent diseases of the 21st century? Areas covered: We will highlight the concept of 'level of identification' and the equally crucial topic of 'quantification'. Only by using a standardized language for these terms can lipidomics be translated to fields beyond academia. We will remind the lipid scientist of the value of chemical derivatization, a concept exploited since the dawn of lipid biochemistry. Expert opinion: Only by agreement of the concepts of identification and quantification and their incorporation in lipidomics reporting can lipidomics maximize its value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wang
- Swansea University Medical School , Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Eylan Yutuc
- Swansea University Medical School , Swansea, Wales, UK
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9
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High-coverage lipidomics for functional lipid and pathway analyses. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1147:199-210. [PMID: 33485579 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advances in front-end separation approaches and analytical technologies have accelerated the development of lipidomics, particularly in terms of increasing analytical coverage to encompass an expanding repertoire of lipids within a single analytical approach. Developments in lipid pathway analysis, however, have somewhat lingered behind, primarily due to (1) the lack of coherent alignment between lipid identifiers in common databases versus that generated from experiments, owing to the differing structural resolution of lipids at molecular level that is specific to the analytical approaches adopted by various laboratories; (2) the immense complexity of lipid metabolic relationships that may entail head group changes, fatty acyls modifications of various forms (e.g. elongation, desaturation, oxidation), as well as active remodeling that demands a multidimensional, panoramic view to take into account all possibilities in lipid pathway analyses. Herein, we discuss current efforts undertaken to address these challenges, as well as alternative form of "pathway analyses" that may be particularly useful for uncovering functional lipid interactions under different biological contexts. Consolidating lipid pathway analyses will be indispensable in facilitating the transition of lipidomics from its prior role of phenotype validation to a hypothesis-generating tool that uncovers novel molecular targets to drive downstream mechanistic pursuits under biomedical settings.
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10
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Linke V, Overmyer KA, Miller IJ, Brademan DR, Hutchins PD, Trujillo EA, Reddy TR, Russell JD, Cushing EM, Schueler KL, Stapleton DS, Rabaglia ME, Keller MP, Gatti DM, Keele GR, Pham D, Broman KW, Churchill GA, Attie AD, Coon JJ. A large-scale genome-lipid association map guides lipid identification. Nat Metab 2020; 2:1149-1162. [PMID: 32958938 PMCID: PMC7572687 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the crucial roles of lipids in metabolism, we are still at the early stages of comprehensively annotating lipid species and their genetic basis. Mass spectrometry-based discovery lipidomics offers the potential to globally survey lipids and their relative abundances in various biological samples. To discover the genetics of lipid features obtained through high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we analysed liver and plasma from 384 diversity outbred mice, and quantified 3,283 molecular features. These features were mapped to 5,622 lipid quantitative trait loci and compiled into a public web resource termed LipidGenie. The data are cross-referenced to the human genome and offer a bridge between genetic associations in humans and mice. Harnessing this resource, we used genome-lipid association data as an additional aid to identify a number of lipids, for example gangliosides through their association with B4galnt1, and found evidence for a group of sex-specific phosphatidylcholines through their shared locus. Finally, LipidGenie's ability to query either mass or gene-centric terms suggests acyl-chain-specific functions for proteins of the ABHD family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Linke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Katherine A Overmyer
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ian J Miller
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dain R Brademan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Paul D Hutchins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Edna A Trujillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Thiru R Reddy
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Emily M Cushing
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schueler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Donald S Stapleton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mary E Rabaglia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark P Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | - Duy Pham
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Karl W Broman
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Alan D Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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11
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Tang M, Hu Z, Rao C, Chen J, Yuan S, Zhang J, Mao C, Yan J, Xia Y, Zhang M, Yue J, Xiang Y, Xie J, Mao X, Li Q. Burkholderia pseudomallei interferes with host lipid metabolism via NR1D2-mediated PNPLA2/ATGL suppression to block autophagy-dependent inhibition of infection. Autophagy 2020; 17:1918-1933. [PMID: 32777979 PMCID: PMC8386627 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1801270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei: which causes melioidosis with high mortality in humans, has become a global public health concern. Recently, infection-driven lipid droplet accumulation has been related to the progression of host-pathogen interactions, and its contribution to the pathogenesis of infectious disease has been investigated. Here, we demonstrated that B. pseudomallei infection actively induced a time-dependent increase in the number and size of lipid droplets in human lung epithelial cells and macrophages. We also found that lipid droplet accumulation following B. pseudomallei infection was associated with downregulation of PNPLA2/ATGL (patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2) and lipophagy inhibition. Functionally, lipid droplet accumulation, facilitated via PNPLA2 downregulation, inhibited macroautophagic/autophagic flux and, thus, hindered autophagy-dependent inhibition of B. pseudomallei infection in lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, we further revealed that nuclear receptor NR1D2 might be involved in the suppression of PNPLA2 after cell exposure to B. pseudomallei. Taken together, our findings unraveled an evolutionary strategy, by which B. pseudomallei interferes with the host lipid metabolism, to block autophagy-dependent suppression of infection. This study proposes potential targets for clinical therapy of melioidosis.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACTB: actin beta; ATG7: autophagy related 7; B. pseudomallei: Burkholderia pseudomallei; CFU: colony-forming unit; DG: diglyceride; FASN: fatty acid synthase; GFP: green fluorescent protein; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; LD: lipid droplet; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MG: monoglyceride; MOI: multiplicity of infection; mRFP: monomeric red fluorescent protein; NR1D2: nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 2; p.i., post-infection; PLIN2/ADRP: perilipin 2; PNPLA2/ATGL: patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2; Rapa: rapamycin; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; shRNA: short hairpin RNA; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TG: triglyceride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Tang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chenglong Rao
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangao Chen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of General Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Siqi Yuan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangang Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chan Mao
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jingmin Yan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yupei Xia
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Juanjuan Yue
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuhu Mao
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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12
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Glycerolipid Composition and Advanced Physicochemical Considerations of Sacha Inchi Oil toward Cosmetic Products Formulation. COSMETICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics6040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sacha inchi oil is a premier raw material with highly nutritional and functional features for the foodstuff, pharmaceutical, beauty, and personal care industries. One of the most important facts about this oil is the huge chemical content of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, the current available information on the characterization of the triglyceride composition and the advance physicochemical parameters relevant to emulsion development is limited. Therefore, this research focused on providing a detailed description of the lipid composition using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry and thorough physicochemical characterization to find the value of the required hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB). For this, a study in the interfacial tension was evaluated, followed by the assessment of different parameters such as creaming index, droplet size, viscosity, zeta potential, pH, and electrical conductivity for a series emulsified at thermal stress condition. The results show that fatty acids are arranged into glycerolipids and the required HLB to achieve the maximum physical stability is around 8.
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13
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Gao S, Wan Y, Li W, Huang C. Visualized Networking of Co-Regulated Lipids in Human Blood Based on High-Throughput Screening Data: Implications for Exposure Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:2862-2872. [PMID: 30739451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental chemicals could disturb lipidome homeostasis in biotas. Comprehensive identification and interpretation of lipid molecules in biological samples are of great importance to elucidate the potential changes in lipid homeostasis upon exposure to various environmental stimuli. In this study, a total of 156 human blood samples were collected including 108 general citizens (control group) and 48 employees in a municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plant (occupational exposure group). More than 1500 lipid molecules, belonging to five lipid classes, were screened in the blood samples by UPLC-QTOF-MS in the MSE acquisition mode. All of the coupled compounds with correlation coefficients ( R) of 0.7 or higher were selected for automated network correlation analysis. A global visual network was automatically produced from thousands of coregulated lipid species in the blood samples. In the automatically produced molecular network, the distributions of the major correlated lipids were in accordance with their metabolic pathways in the KEGG map. Different lipidomic profiles in the blood samples from the two groups of people were easily observed by this visualization technique. Among the intrinsic lipid classes, glycererides and sterol lipids might represent the most sensitively affected lipids upon exposure to various pollutants emitted from the MSWI plant. The visualized network of coregulated lipids identified in human blood presents a new approach for interpreting the metabolic relationships among the thousands of metabolites identified in toxicological and epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Gao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Chong Huang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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14
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Moose and Caribou as Novel Sources of Functional Lipids: Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids, Diglycerides and Monoacetyldiglycerides. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020232. [PMID: 30634564 PMCID: PMC6359430 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA), diglycerides (DG) and monoacetyldiglycerides (MAcDG) are gaining interest as functional lipids in pharmaceuticals and functional food formulations for managing and treating metabolic or inflammatory diseases. Herein, we investigated whether the antler and/or meat of two Cervids (moose and caribou) are novel sources of FAHFA, DG and MAcDG. We observed FAHFA present in moose and caribou composed mainly of polyunsaturated families, and that the esterification occurred frequently at the C5-hydroxy fatty acid moiety, most noticeably arachidonic acid 5-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (ARA-5-HERA). Moose antler, caribou and moose meat also contained significant levels of both 1,2-DG and 1,3-DG lipids. The 1,3-DG molecular species consisted mainly of 16:0/18:1, 18:0/16:0, and 18:0/18:1. On the other hand, major 1,2-DG species consisted of DG 18:0/18:0, 16:0/16:0 and 18:1/18:1 molecular species with higher levels in the antler compared to the meat. The molecular species composition of MAcDG was very simple and consisted of 14:2/18:2/2:0, 16:0/18:2/2:0, 16:0/18:1/2:0 and 18:0/18:1/2:0 with the first species 14:2/18:2/2:0 predominating in the tip of moose antlers. Increasing access to and knowledge of the presence of these functional lipids in foods will enhance their intake in the diet with potential implications in improving personal and population health.
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15
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Hsu FF. Mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics - a critical review from the technical point of view. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6387-6409. [PMID: 30094786 PMCID: PMC6195124 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, mass spectrometry (MS)-based "shotgun lipidomics" has emerged as a powerful tool for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the complex lipids in the biological system. The aim of this critical review is to give the interested reader a concise overview of the current state of the technology, focused on lipidomic analysis by mass spectrometry. The pros and cons, and pitfalls associated with each available "shotgun lipidomics" method are discussed; and the new strategies for improving the current methods are described. A list of important papers and reviews that are sufficient rather than comprehensive, covering all the aspects of lipidomics including the workflow, methodology, and fundamentals is also compiled for readers to follow. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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16
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Hama K, Fujiwara Y, Tabata H, Takahashi H, Yokoyama K. Comprehensive Quantitation Using Two Stable Isotopically Labeled Species and Direct Detection of N-Acyl Moiety of Sphingomyelin. Lipids 2017; 52:789-799. [PMID: 28770378 PMCID: PMC5583271 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (ceramide-phosphocholine, CerPCho) is a common sphingolipid in mammalian cells and is composed of phosphorylcholine and ceramide as polar and hydrophobic components, respectively. In this study, a qualitative liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS/MS) analysis is proposed in which CerPCho structures were assigned based on product ion spectra corresponding to sphingosylphosphorylcholine and N-acyl moieties. From MS/MS/MS analysis of CerPCho, we observed product ion spectra of the N-acyl fatty acids as [RCO2]− ions as well as sphingosylphosphorylcholine. A calibration curve for CerPCho was constructed using two stable isotopically labeled CerPCho species and then used to quantify the CerPCho species in HeLa cells as a proof-of-principle study. The present study proposes an accurate method for quantifying and assigning structures to each CerPCho species in crude biologic samples by LC–ESI–MS/MS/MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Hama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Yuko Fujiwara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Tabata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Hideyo Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
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17
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Ren J, Franklin ET, Xia Y. Uncovering Structural Diversity of Unsaturated Fatty Acyls in Cholesteryl Esters via Photochemical Reaction and Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1432-1441. [PMID: 28417305 PMCID: PMC5483228 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry analysis of cholesteryl esters (CEs) faces several challenges, with one of them being the determination of the carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) locations within unsaturated fatty acyl chains. Paternὸ-Büchi (PB) reaction, a photochemical reaction based on the addition of acetone to C=C, is capable of C=C location determination when coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). In this study, the PB reaction conditions were tailored for CEs and subsequent nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI). A solvent system containing acetone/methanol/dichloromethane/water (40/30/20/10, volume ratios) and 100 μM LiOH was determined to be optimal, resulting in reasonable PB reaction yield (~30%) and good ionization efficiency (forming lithium adduct of CEs). Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the PB reaction products produced characteristic fragment ions of CE together with those modified by the PB reactions, such as lithiated fatty acyl ([FA + Li]+) and its PB product ([FA - PB + Li]+). MS3 CID of [FA - PB + Li]+ led to abundant C=C diagnostic ion formation, which was used for C=C location determination and isomer quantitation. A PB-MS3 CID approach was developed and applied for CE analysis from human plasma. A series of unsaturated CEs was identified with specific C=C locations within fatty acyl chains. Absolute quantitation for each CE species was achieved including coexisting C=C location isomers, such as Δ9 and Δ11 isomers of CE 18:1 and ω-6 and ω-3 isomers of CE 18:3. These results show that PB-MS/MS is useful in uncovering structural diversity of CEs due to unsaturation in fatty acyls, which is often undetected from current lipid analysis approach. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
| | - Elissia T Franklin
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA.
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18
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González-Domínguez R. Metabolomic Fingerprinting of Blood Samples by Direct Infusion Mass Spectrometry: Application in Alzheimer’s Disease Research. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-017-0018-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Pati S, Nie B, Arnold RD, Cummings BS. Extraction, chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods for lipid analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:695-709. [PMID: 26762903 PMCID: PMC8425715 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lipids make up a diverse subset of biomolecules that are responsible for mediating a variety of structural and functional properties as well as modulating cellular functions such as trafficking, regulation of membrane proteins and subcellular compartmentalization. In particular, phospholipids are the main constituents of biological membranes and play major roles in cellular processes like transmembrane signaling and structural dynamics. The chemical and structural variety of lipids makes analysis using a single experimental approach quite challenging. Research in the field relies on the use of multiple techniques to detect and quantify components of cellular lipidomes as well as determine structural features and cellular organization. Understanding these features can allow researchers to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms by which lipid-lipid and/or lipid-protein interactions take place within the conditions of study. Herein, we provide an overview of essential methods for the examination of lipids, including extraction methods, chromatographic techniques and approaches for mass spectrometric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Pati
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ben Nie
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Robert D. Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Brian S. Cummings
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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20
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Lipid Fingerprinting in Mild versus Severe Forms of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144027. [PMID: 26633694 PMCID: PMC4669127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood serum lipid profile of women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is still under study. There are no data on the serum lipid profile of GDM patients with more severe (insulin treated) compared to milder forms (diet treated) GDM. The aim of our study was to analyze the blood serum lipid profile of patients with milder versus more severe forms of GDM and to compare these findings with those of healthy pregnant women. This cross-sectional analytical study included 30 insulin-treated GDM, 30 diet-only GDM and 30 healthy pregnant women. Serum lipid was extracted from the 90 participants and their lipid profiles were analyzed by lipid fingerprinting using liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 143 parent ions were differentially represented in each of the three groups, belonging to the following classes: Glycerophospholipids, Sterol Lipids, Sphingolipids, Prenol Lipids, Fatty Acyls and Glycerolipids. There were significant differences in the lipid profiles of healthy pregnant women compared to GDM patients and also between milder versus more severe forms of GDM. There are marked differences in lipid fingerprinting between healthy pregnant women compared to those with GDM in the third trimester. Moreover, the lipid profile of women with more severe forms of GDM differs considerably from that of women with milder forms of GDM. These findings may be useful to help clarify the pathogenesis of milder and more severe forms of GDM.
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21
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Differential sensing for the regio- and stereoselective identification and quantitation of glycerides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E3977-86. [PMID: 26175025 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508848112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerides are of interest to the areas of food science and medicine because they are the main component of fat. From a chemical sensing perspective, glycerides are challenging analytes because they are structurally similar to one another and lack diversity in terms of functional groups. Furthermore, because animal and plant fat consists of a number of stereo- and regioisomeric acylglycerols, their components remain challenging analytes for chromatographic and mass spectrometric determination, particularly the quantitation of species in mixtures. In this study, we demonstrated the use of an array of cross-reactive serum albumins and fluorescent indicators with chemometric analysis to differentiate a panel of mono-, di-, and triglycerides. Due to the difficulties in identifying the regio- and stereochemistry of the unsaturated glycerides, a sample pretreatment consisting of olefin cross-metathesis with an allyl fluorescein species was used before array analysis. Using this simple assay, we successfully discriminated 20 glycerides via principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (PCA and LDA, respectively), including stereo- and regioisomeric pairs. The resulting chemometric patterns were used as a training space for which the structural characteristics of unknown glycerides were identified. In addition, by using our array to perform a standard addition analysis on a mixture of triglycerides and using a method introduced herein, we demonstrated the ability to quantitate glyceride components in a mixture.
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22
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Spickett CM, Pitt AR. Oxidative lipidomics coming of age: advances in analysis of oxidized phospholipids in physiology and pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:1646-66. [PMID: 25694038 PMCID: PMC4486145 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidized phospholipids are now well recognized as markers of biological oxidative stress and bioactive molecules with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. While analytical methods continue to be developed for studies of generic lipid oxidation, mass spectrometry (MS) has underpinned the advances in knowledge of specific oxidized phospholipids by allowing their identification and characterization, and it is responsible for the expansion of oxidative lipidomics. RECENT ADVANCES Studies of oxidized phospholipids in biological samples, from both animal models and clinical samples, have been facilitated by the recent improvements in MS, especially targeted routines that depend on the fragmentation pattern of the parent molecular ion and improved resolution and mass accuracy. MS can be used to identify selectively individual compounds or groups of compounds with common features, which greatly improves the sensitivity and specificity of detection. Application of these methods has enabled important advances in understanding the mechanisms of inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, steatohepatitis, leprosy, and cystic fibrosis, and it offers potential for developing biomarkers of molecular aspects of the diseases. CRITICAL ISSUES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS The future in this field will depend on development of improved MS technologies, such as ion mobility, novel enrichment methods and databases, and software for data analysis, owing to the very large amount of data generated in these experiments. Imaging of oxidized phospholipids in tissue MS is an additional exciting direction emerging that can be expected to advance understanding of physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne M. Spickett
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R. Pitt
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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23
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Fazlollahi F, Kongmanas K, Tanphaichitr N, Suh J, Faull K, Gopen Q. Lipidomic profiling of mastoid bone and tissue from patients with chronic otomastoiditis. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 19:141-50. [PMID: 25992170 PMCID: PMC4399193 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1396522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic otomastoiditis causes pain, otorrhea, and hearing loss resulting from the growth of tissue within the normally hollow mastoid cavity. Objectives In this report, we used a lipidomics approach to profile major mastoid bone and tissue lipids from patients with and without otomastoiditis. Methods The bone dust created during mastoidectomy, as well as the mastoid tissue, was analyzed from seven patients. Bone dust was also collected and analyzed in an additional four otologic cases (parotidectomy requiring mastoidectomy). Samples were subjected to a modified Bligh/Dyer lipid extraction, then high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), combined gas chromatography/electron impact-mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS), and flow-injection/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (FI/ESI-MSMS). Data were analyzed for identification and profiling of major lipid components. Results HPTLC revealed the presence of various lipid classes, including phosphatidylcholines, cholesterol, and triacylglycerols. GC/EI-MS analysis revealed the presence of cholesterol and several fatty acids. FI/ESI-MSMS analysis revealed a host of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and cholesteryl esters. Conclusion We used a lipidomics approach to develop an efficient (both in time and tissue amount) methodology for analysis of these tissues, identify the most abundant and common lipid species, and create a base of knowledge from which more focused endeavors in biomarker discovery can emerge. In an effort toward improved patient categorization and individualized intervention, the ultimate goal of this work is to correlate these lipid molecules to disease state and progression. This is the first reported study of its kind on these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Fazlollahi
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Kessiri Kongmanas
- Department of Biochemistry/Microbiology/Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nongnuj Tanphaichitr
- Department of Biochemistry/Microbiology/Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Suh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Health System, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Kym Faull
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Quinton Gopen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Health System, Los Angeles, California, United States
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24
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González-Domínguez R, García-Barrera T, Vitorica J, Gómez-Ariza JL. High throughput multiorgan metabolomics in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:2237-2249. [PMID: 25641566 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics has demonstrated a great potential for the study of pathological mechanisms occurring in brain from Alzheimer's disease patients and transgenic models. However, its application to peripheral samples is not so common, although it can provide interesting information about systemic abnormalities underlying to disease. This work represents the first metabolomic investigation of multiple peripheral organs (liver, kidney, spleen, and thymus) from the APP/PS1 mice by using a high-throughput approach based on direct infusion MS. Our findings demonstrated that these organs suffer significant metabolic impairments related to energy metabolism (e.g. glycolysis, Krebs cycle, β-oxidation), lipid homeostasis (e.g. cellular membrane breakdown and fatty acid metabolism), degradation of nucleotides, oxidative stress, hyperammonemia, and metabolism of amino acids. It is noteworthy that many of these alterations have been previously described in brain, confirming the systemic character of this neurodegenerative disorder and the utility of peripheral samples to understand its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl González-Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry and CC.MM, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, Huelva, Spain.,Campus of Excellence International ceiA3, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Research Center of Health and Environment (CYSMA), Campus de El Carmen, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Tamara García-Barrera
- Department of Chemistry and CC.MM, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, Huelva, Spain.,Campus of Excellence International ceiA3, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Research Center of Health and Environment (CYSMA), Campus de El Carmen, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Javier Vitorica
- Department Bioquímica, Bromatologia, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Seville, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)-Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - José Luis Gómez-Ariza
- Department of Chemistry and CC.MM, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, Huelva, Spain.,Campus of Excellence International ceiA3, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Research Center of Health and Environment (CYSMA), Campus de El Carmen, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
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25
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Byrdwell WC. The Updated Bottom Up Solution applied to mass spectrometry of soybean oil in a dietary supplement gelcap. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5143-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by altered metabolism of key molecules and regulatory pathways. The phenotypic expression of diabetes and associated complications encompasses complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and tissue-specific factors that require an integrated understanding of perturbations in the network of genes, proteins, and metabolites. Metabolomics attempts to systematically identify and quantitate small molecule metabolites from biological systems. The recent rapid development of a variety of analytical platforms based on mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance have enabled identification of complex metabolic phenotypes. Continued development of bioinformatics and analytical strategies has facilitated the discovery of causal links in understanding the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications. Here, we summarize the metabolomics workflow, including analytical, statistical, and computational tools, highlight recent applications of metabolomics in diabetes research, and discuss the challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli M Sas
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Alla Karnovsky
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Subramaniam Pennathur
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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27
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Fazlollahi F, Kongmanas K, Tanphaichitr N, Mallen-St Clair J, Gopen Q, Faull KF, Suh JD. Lipidomic profiling of sinus mucosa from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Clin Transl Sci 2015; 8:107-15. [PMID: 25588779 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinusitis is a cause of significant morbidity, substantial healthcare costs, and negative effects on quality of life. The primary objective of this study is to characterize the previously unknown lipid profile of sinonasal mucosa from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and from controls. Sinus mucosa samples were analyzed from 9 CRS patients with concomitant nasal polyps, 11 CRS patients without polyps, and 12 controls. Ten lone polyp samples were also analyzed. Samples were subjected to a modified Bligh/Dyer lipid extraction, then high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), combined gas chromatography/electron impact-mass spectrometry (GC/EI-MS), and flow-injection/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (FI/ESI-MS/MS). Data was analyzed for identification and profiling of major components. HPTLC revealed an array of species reflecting the lipid complexity of the samples. GC/EI-MS revealed cholesterol and several fatty acids. FI/ESI-MSMS revealed numerous lipid species, namely a host of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, ceramides and cholesteryl esters, but no detectable amounts of phosphatidyinositols or sulfated lipids. These results are a first step to uncover unique molecular biomarkers in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Fazlollahi
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, NPI-Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA Health System, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline H. Johnson
- Scripps
Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Scripps
Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - H. Paul Benton
- Scripps
Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Scripps
Center for Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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29
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ARAS E, İŞLEK Y, KARATAŞ O, ABBASS HK, BİREY M, KILIÇ A. EPR study of γ-irradiated cholesteryl methyl carbonate. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Müller C, Kanawati B, Rock TM, Forcisi S, Moritz F, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Dimer ion formation and intermolecular fragmentation of 1,2-diacylglycerols revealed by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for more comprehensive lipid analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:1735-1744. [PMID: 24975254 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The ionization of neutral diacylglycerols (DAGs) by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is challenging compared with other lipid classes which possess ionic head group conjugations. Although ESI-MS is the method of choice in lipidomic analysis, it is questionable whether all lipid classes can be efficiently ionized by this method. Actually, various lipids were not efficiently detected (due to poor ionization) in many studies which claimed to comprehensively describe lipid profiles. Since neutral lipids are precursors for the biosynthesis of most other lipid classes, the necessity for improved or alternative ionization and identification schemes becomes obvious. METHODS We identified the 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) dimer ion formation in the gas phase by ultra-high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) in negative electrospray ionization ((-)ESI) mode. The geometry of the dimer ion was investigated by accurate density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d)//B3LYP/LANL2DZ level of theory. Fragmentation of the dimer ions of many investigated DAGs has been achieved via collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments with several elevated collision energies (0-12 eV). RESULTS We revealed the possibility to ionize neutral DAGs as dimer ions in the negative ESI mode. Quantum mechanical calculations revealed a polar head-to-head intermolecular interaction between one charged DAG and one DAG neutral. This represents an energy minimum structure for the DAG dimer ions. We could furthermore detect CID fragmentation product ions that can only result from intermolecular reactions in this head-to-head conformation (SN2 nucleophilic substitution reactions inside the dimer DAG ion). CONCLUSIONS Here, we present for the first time the opportunity to ionize and identify DAGs as dimer ions. This new finding provides a new alternative for investigations of important diacylglycerol lipids and provides the opportunity to obtain complementary and more comprehensive results in future lipidomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Müller
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Center Munich, Germany
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31
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Damen CWN, Isaac G, Langridge J, Hankemeier T, Vreeken RJ. Enhanced lipid isomer separation in human plasma using reversed-phase UPLC with ion-mobility/high-resolution MS detection. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:1772-83. [PMID: 24891331 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d047795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An ultraperformance LC (UPLC) method for the separation of different lipid molecular species and lipid isomers using a stationary phase incorporating charged surface hybrid (CSH) technology is described. The resulting enhanced separation possibilities of the method are demonstrated using standards and human plasma extracts. Lipids were extracted from human plasma samples with the Bligh and Dyer method. Separation of lipids was achieved on a 100 × 2.1 mm inner diameter CSH C18 column using gradient elution with aqueous-acetonitrile-isopropanol mobile phases containing 10 mM ammonium formate/0.1% formic acid buffers at a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. A UPLC run time of 20 min was routinely used, and a shorter method with a 10 min run time is also described. The method shows extremely stable retention times when human plasma extracts and a variety of biofluids or tissues are analyzed [intra-assay relative standard deviation (RSD) <0.385% and <0.451% for 20 and 10 min gradients, respectively (n = 5); interassay RSD <0.673% and <0.763% for 20 and 10 min gradients, respectively (n = 30)]. The UPLC system was coupled to a hybrid quadrupole orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer, equipped with a traveling wave ion-mobility cell. Besides demonstrating the separation for different lipids using the chromatographic method, we demonstrate the use of the ion-mobility MS platform for the structural elucidation of lipids. The method can now be used to elucidate structures of a wide variety of lipids in biological samples of different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola W N Damen
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J Vreeken
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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32
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Yamada T, Uchikata T, Sakamoto S, Yokoi Y, Nishiumi S, Yoshida M, Fukusaki E, Bamba T. Supercritical fluid chromatography/Orbitrap mass spectrometry based lipidomics platform coupled with automated lipid identification software for accurate lipid profiling. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1301:237-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Milne SB, Mathews TP, Myers DS, Ivanova PT, Brown HA. Sum of the parts: mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Biochemistry 2013; 52:3829-40. [PMID: 23442130 DOI: 10.1021/bi400060e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a rapidly growing field of research used in the identification and quantification of the small molecule metabolites within an organism, thereby providing insights into cell metabolism and bioenergetics as well as processes important in clinical medicine, such as disposition of pharmaceutical compounds. It offers comprehensive information about thousands of low-molecular mass compounds (<1500 Da) that represent a wide range of pathways and intermediary metabolism. Because of its vast expansion in the past two decades, mass spectrometry has become an indispensable tool in "omic" analyses. The use of different ionization techniques such as the more traditional electrospray and matrix-assisted laser desorption, as well as recently popular desorption electrospray ionization, has allowed the analysis of a wide range of biomolecules (e.g., peptides, proteins, lipids, and sugars), and their imaging and analysis in the original sample environment in a workup free fashion. An overview of the current state of the methodology is given, as well as examples of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen B Milne
- Departments of Pharmacology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
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34
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New families of bioactive oxidized phospholipids generated by immune cells: identification and signaling actions. Blood 2012; 120:1985-92. [PMID: 22802337 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-04-402826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are of critical importance in mammalian cell biology, both through providing a permeability barrier and acting as substrates for synthesis of lipid mediators. Recently, several new families of bioactive lipids were identified that form through the enzymatic oxidation of membrane phospholipids in circulating innate immune cells and platelets. These comprise eicosanoids attached to phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine and form within 2-5 minutes of cell activation by pathophysiologic agonists, via the coordinated action of receptors and enzymes. In this review, we summarize what is currently known regarding their structures, mechanisms of formation, cell biology, and signaling actions. We show that phospholipid oxidation by acutely activated immune cells is a controlled event, and we propose a central role in regulating membrane biology and innate immune function during health and disease. We also review the mass spectrometry methods used for identification of the lipids and describe how these approaches can be used for discovery of new lipid mediators in complex biologic samples.
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35
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Sparvero L, Amoscato A, Dixon C, Long J, Kochanek P, Pitt B, Bayir H, Kagan V. Mapping of phospholipids by MALDI imaging (MALDI-MSI): realities and expectations. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:545-62. [PMID: 22692104 PMCID: PMC3642772 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has emerged as a novel powerful MS methodology that has the ability to generate both molecular and spatial information within a tissue section. Application of this technology as a new type of biochemical lipid microscopy may lead to new discoveries of the lipid metabolism and biomarkers associated with area-specific alterations or damage under stress/disease conditions such as traumatic brain injury or acute lung injury, among others. However there are limitations in the range of what it can detect as compared with liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS) of a lipid extract from a tissue section. The goal of the current work was to critically consider remarkable new opportunities along with the limitations and approaches for further improvements of MALDI-MSI. Based on our experimental data and assessments, improvements of the spectral and spatial resolution, sensitivity and specificity towards low abundance species of lipids are proposed. This is followed by a review of the current literature, including methodologies that other laboratories have used to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.J. Sparvero
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - A.A. Amoscato
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - C.E. Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - J.B. Long
- Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 21910, USA
| | - P.M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - B.R. Pitt
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - H. Bayir
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - V.E. Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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36
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Mass spectrometry based lipidomics: an overview of technological platforms. Metabolites 2012; 2:19-38. [PMID: 24957366 PMCID: PMC3901195 DOI: 10.3390/metabo2010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
One decade after the genomic and the proteomic life science revolution, new ‘omics’ fields are emerging. The metabolome encompasses the entity of small molecules—Most often end products of a catalytic process regulated by genes and proteins—with the lipidome being its fat soluble subdivision. Within recent years, lipids are more and more regarded not only as energy storage compounds but also as interactive players in various cellular regulation cycles and thus attain rising interest in the bio-medical community. The field of lipidomics is, on one hand, fuelled by analytical technology advances, particularly mass spectrometry and chromatography, but on the other hand new biological questions also drive analytical technology developments. Compared to fairly standardized genomic or proteomic high-throughput protocols, the high degree of molecular heterogeneity adds a special analytical challenge to lipidomic analysis. In this review, we will take a closer look at various mass spectrometric platforms for lipidomic analysis. We will focus on the advantages and limitations of various experimental setups like ‘shotgun lipidomics’, liquid chromatography—Mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) based approaches. We will also examine available software packages for data analysis, which nowadays is in fact the rate limiting step for most ‘omics’ workflows.
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