1
|
Sallinger M, Grabmayr H, Humer C, Bonhenry D, Romanin C, Schindl R, Derler I. Activation mechanisms and structural dynamics of STIM proteins. J Physiol 2024; 602:1475-1507. [PMID: 36651592 DOI: 10.1113/jp283828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of stromal interaction molecules (STIM) includes two widely expressed single-pass endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane proteins and additional splice variants that act as precise ER-luminal Ca2+ sensors. STIM proteins mainly function as one of the two essential components of the so-called Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. The second CRAC channel component is constituted by pore-forming Orai proteins in the plasma membrane. STIM and Orai physically interact with each other to enable CRAC channel opening, which is a critical prerequisite for various downstream signalling pathways such as gene transcription or proliferation. Their activation commonly requires the emptying of the intracellular ER Ca2+ store. Using their Ca2+ sensing capabilities, STIM proteins confer this Ca2+ content-dependent signal to Orai, thereby linking Ca2+ store depletion to CRAC channel opening. Here we review the conformational dynamics occurring along the entire STIM protein upon store depletion, involving the transition from the quiescent, compactly folded structure into an active, extended state, modulation by a variety of accessory components in the cell as well as the impairment of individual steps of the STIM activation cascade associated with disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Sallinger
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Herwig Grabmayr
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Christina Humer
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Daniel Bonhenry
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Nove Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Christoph Romanin
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Centre, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pacheco J, Bohórquez-Hernández A, Méndez-Acevedo KM, Sampieri A, Vaca L. Roles of Cholesterol and PtdIns(4,5)P 2 in the Regulation of STIM1-Orai1 Channel Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1422:305-326. [PMID: 36988886 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21547-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is one of the most prominent second messengers. It is involved in a wide range of functions at the single-cell level but also in modulating regulatory mechanisms in the entire organism. One process mediating calcium signaling involves hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) by the phospholipase-C (PLC). Thus, calcium and PtdIns(4,5)P2 are intimately intertwined two second-messenger cascades that often depend on each other. Another relevant lipid associated with calcium signaling is cholesterol. Both PtdIns(4,5)P2 and cholesterol play key roles in the formation and maintenance of specialized signaling nanodomains known as lipid rafts. Lipid rafts are particularly important in calcium signaling by concentrating and localizing calcium channels such as the Orai1 channel. Depletion of internal calcium stores is initiated by the production of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Calcium depletion from the ER induces the oligomerization of STIM1, which binds Orai1 and initiates calcium influx into the cell. In the present review, we analyzed the complex interactions between cholesterol, PtdIns(4,5)P2, and the complex formed by the Orai1 channel and the signaling molecule STIM1. We explore some of the complex mechanisms governing calcium homeostasis and phospholipid metabolism, as well as the interaction between these two apparently independent signaling cascades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Pacheco
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Kevin M Méndez-Acevedo
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- ZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alicia Sampieri
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Luis Vaca
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tiffner A, Hopl V, Derler I. CRAC and SK Channels: Their Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Cancer Cell Development. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010101. [PMID: 36612099 PMCID: PMC9817886 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a major health burden worldwide. Several molecular targets have been discovered alongside treatments with positive clinical outcomes. However, the reoccurrence of cancer due to therapy resistance remains the primary cause of mortality. Endeavors in pinpointing new markers as molecular targets in cancer therapy are highly desired. The significance of the co-regulation of Ca2+-permeating and Ca2+-regulated ion channels in cancer cell development, proliferation, and migration make them promising molecular targets in cancer therapy. In particular, the co-regulation of the Orai1 and SK3 channels has been well-studied in breast and colon cancer cells, where it finally leads to an invasion-metastasis cascade. Nevertheless, many questions remain unanswered, such as which key molecular components determine and regulate their interplay. To provide a solid foundation for a better understanding of this ion channel co-regulation in cancer, we first shed light on the physiological role of Ca2+ and how this ion is linked to carcinogenesis. Then, we highlight the structure/function relationship of Orai1 and SK3, both individually and in concert, their role in the development of different types of cancer, and aspects that are not yet known in this context.
Collapse
|
4
|
Maltan L, Andova AM, Derler I. The Role of Lipids in CRAC Channel Function. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030352. [PMID: 35327543 PMCID: PMC8944985 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition and dynamics of the lipid membrane define the physical properties of the bilayer and consequently affect the function of the incorporated membrane transporters, which also applies for the prominent Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ ion channel (CRAC). This channel is activated by receptor-induced Ca2+ store depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and consists of two transmembrane proteins, STIM1 and Orai1. STIM1 is anchored in the ER membrane and senses changes in the ER luminal Ca2+ concentration. Orai1 is the Ca2+-selective, pore-forming CRAC channel component located in the plasma membrane (PM). Ca2+ store-depletion of the ER triggers activation of STIM1 proteins, which subsequently leads to a conformational change and oligomerization of STIM1 and its coupling to as well as activation of Orai1 channels at the ER-PM contact sites. Although STIM1 and Orai1 are sufficient for CRAC channel activation, their efficient activation and deactivation is fine-tuned by a variety of lipids and lipid- and/or ER-PM junction-dependent accessory proteins. The underlying mechanisms for lipid-mediated CRAC channel modulation as well as the still open questions, are presented in this review.
Collapse
|
5
|
CRACking the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of SOCE during Platelet Activation in Thrombo-Occlusive Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040619. [PMID: 35203269 PMCID: PMC8870035 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombo-occlusive diseases such as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and deep vein thrombosis with subsequent pulmonary embolism still represent a major health burden worldwide. Besides the cells of the vasculature or other hematopoietic cells, platelets are primarily responsible for the development and progression of an occluding thrombus. The activation and function of platelets crucially depend on free cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) as second messenger, which modulates platelet secretion, aggregation and thrombus formation. Ca2+ is elevated upon platelet activation by release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores thus triggering of the subsequent store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), which is facilitated by Ca2+ release-activated channels (CRACs). In general, CRACs are assembled by the pore-forming unit Orai in the plasma membrane and the Ca2+-sensing stromal interaction molecule (STIM) in the endoplasmic reticulum after the depletion of internal Ca2+ stores. In the last few years, there is a growing body of the literature demonstrating the importance of STIM and Orai-mediated mechanism in thrombo-occlusive disorders. Thus, this review provides an overview of the recent understanding of STIM and Orai signaling in platelet function and its implication in the development and progression of ischemic thrombo-occlusive disorders. Moreover, potential pharmacological implications of STIM and Orai signaling in platelets are anticipated and discussed in the end.
Collapse
|
6
|
Muscarinic Receptors and BK Channels Are Affected by Lipid Raft Disruption of Salivary Gland Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094780. [PMID: 33946369 PMCID: PMC8125525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent fluid secretion is the most important physiological function of salivary glands and is regulated via muscarinic receptor signaling. Lipid rafts are important for G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling and ion channels in plasma membranes. However, it is not well understood whether lipid raft disruption affects all membrane events or only specific functions in muscarinic receptor-mediated water secretion in salivary gland cells. We investigated the effects of lipid raft disruption on the major membrane events of muscarinic transcellular water movement in human salivary gland (HSG) cells. We found that incubation with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), which depletes lipid rafts, inhibited muscarinic receptor-mediated Ca2+ signaling in HSG cells and isolated mouse submandibular acinar cells. However, MβCD did not inhibit a Ca2+ increase induced by thapsigargin, which activates store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Interestingly, MβCD increased the activity of the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (BK channel). Finally, we found that MβCD did not directly affect the translocation of aquaporin-5 (AQP5) into the plasma membrane. Our results suggest that lipid rafts maintain muscarinic Ca2+ signaling at the receptor level without directly affecting the activation of SOCE induced by intracellular Ca2+ pool depletion or the translocation of AQP5 into the plasma membrane.
Collapse
|
7
|
Crul T, Maléth J. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites as an Organizing Principle for Compartmentalized Calcium and cAMP Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094703. [PMID: 33946838 PMCID: PMC8124356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, ultimate specificity in activation and action-for example, by means of second messengers-of the myriad of signaling cascades is primordial. In fact, versatile and ubiquitous second messengers, such as calcium (Ca2+) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), regulate multiple-sometimes opposite-cellular functions in a specific spatiotemporal manner. Cells achieve this through segregation of the initiators and modulators to specific plasma membrane (PM) subdomains, such as lipid rafts and caveolae, as well as by dynamic close contacts between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and other intracellular organelles, including the PM. Especially, these membrane contact sites (MCSs) are currently receiving a lot of attention as their large influence on cell signaling regulation and cell physiology is increasingly appreciated. Depletion of ER Ca2+ stores activates ER membrane STIM proteins, which activate PM-residing Orai and TRPC Ca2+ channels at ER-PM contact sites. Within the MCS, Ca2+ fluxes relay to cAMP signaling through highly interconnected networks. However, the precise mechanisms of MCS formation and the influence of their dynamic lipid environment on their functional maintenance are not completely understood. The current review aims to provide an overview of our current understanding and to identify open questions of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Crul
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HAS-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-SZTE Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (J.M.)
| | - József Maléth
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HAS-USZ Momentum Epithelial Cell Signaling and Secretion Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-SZTE Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tiffner A, Derler I. Molecular Choreography and Structure of Ca 2+ Release-Activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) and K Ca2+ Channels and Their Relevance in Disease with Special Focus on Cancer. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10120425. [PMID: 33333945 PMCID: PMC7765462 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10120425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a variety of roles in the human body as well as within a single cell. Cellular Ca2+ signal transduction processes are governed by Ca2+ sensing and Ca2+ transporting proteins. In this review, we discuss the Ca2+ and the Ca2+-sensing ion channels with particular focus on the structure-function relationship of the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) ion channel, the Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2+) ion channels, and their modulation via other cellular components. Moreover, we highlight their roles in healthy signaling processes as well as in disease with a special focus on cancer. As KCa2+ channels are activated via elevations of intracellular Ca2+ levels, we summarize the current knowledge on the action mechanisms of the interplay of CRAC and KCa2+ ion channels and their role in cancer cell development.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ong HL, Ambudkar IS. The Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Junction: A Hub for Agonist Regulation of Ca 2+ Entry. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a035253. [PMID: 31501196 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of cell-surface receptors induces cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) increases that are detected and transduced by effector proteins for regulation of cell function. Intracellular Ca2+ release, via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) and ryanodine receptors (RyR), and Ca2+ influx, via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), contribute to the increase in [Ca2+]i The amplitude, frequency, and spatial characteristics of the [Ca2+]i increases are controlled by the compartmentalization of proteins into signaling complexes such as receptor-signaling complexes and SOCE complexes. Both complexes include protein and lipid components, located in the plasma membrane (PM) and ER. Receptor signaling initiates in the PM via phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), and culminates with the activation of IP3R in the ER. Conversely, SOCE is initiated in the ER by Ca2+-sensing stromal interaction molecule (STIM) proteins, which then interact with PM channels Orai1 and TRPC1 to activate Ca2+ entry. This review will address how ER-PM junctions serve a central role in agonist regulation of SOCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwei Ling Ong
- Secretory Physiology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda Maryland 20892
| | - Indu Suresh Ambudkar
- Secretory Physiology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda Maryland 20892
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Butorac C, Krizova A, Derler I. Review: Structure and Activation Mechanisms of CRAC Channels. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:547-604. [PMID: 31646526 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels represent a primary pathway for Ca2+ to enter non-excitable cells. The two key players in this process are the stromal interaction molecule (STIM), a Ca2+ sensor embedded in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, and Orai, a highly Ca2+ selective ion channel located in the plasma membrane. Upon depletion of the internal Ca2+ stores, STIM is activated, oligomerizes, couples to and activates Orai. This review provides an overview of novel findings about the CRAC channel activation mechanisms, structure and gating. In addition, it highlights, among diverse STIM and Orai mutants, also the disease-related mutants and their implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Butorac
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Adéla Krizova
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Linz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lyu J, Yang EJ, Shim JS. Cholesterol Trafficking: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Angiogenesis and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050389. [PMID: 31035320 PMCID: PMC6562524 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential structural component of cellular membranes. In addition to the structural role, it also serves as a precursor to a variety of steroid hormones and has diverse functions in intracellular signal transduction. As one of its functions in cell signaling, recent evidence suggests that cholesterol plays a key role in regulating angiogenesis. This review discusses the role of cholesterol in angiogenesis, with a particular emphasis on cholesterol trafficking in endothelial cell signaling. Small molecule inhibitors of cholesterol trafficking and their preclinical and clinical development targeting angiogenesis and cancer are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Lyu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Eun Ju Yang
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Joong Sup Shim
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Whalen DS, Widatalla SE, Korolkova OY, Nangami GS, Beasley HK, Williams SD, Virgous C, Lehmann BD, Ochieng J, Sakwe AM. Implication of calcium activated RasGRF2 in Annexin A6-mediated breast tumor cell growth and motility. Oncotarget 2019; 10:133-151. [PMID: 30719209 PMCID: PMC6349432 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of AnxA6 in breast cancer and in particular, the mechanisms underlying its contribution to tumor cell growth and/or motility remain poorly understood. In this study, we established the tumor suppressor function of AnxA6 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells by showing that loss of AnxA6 is associated with early onset and rapid growth of xenograft TNBC tumors in mice. We also identified the Ca2+ activated RasGRF2 as an effector of AnxA6 mediated TNBC cell growth and motility. Activation of Ca2+ mobilizing oncogenic receptors such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in TNBC cells or pharmacological stimulation of Ca2+ influx led to activation, subsequent degradation and altered effector functions of RasGRF2. Inhibition of Ca2+ influx or overexpression of AnxA6 blocked the activation/degradation of RasGRF2. We also show that AnxA6 acts as a scaffold for RasGRF2 and Ras proteins and that its interaction with RasGRF2 is modulated by GTP and/or activation of Ras proteins. Meanwhile, down-regulation of RasGRF2 and treatment of cells with the EGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) lapatinib strongly attenuated the growth of otherwise EGFR-TKI resistant AnxA6 high TNBC cells. These data not only suggest that AnxA6 modulated Ca2+ influx and effector functions of RasGRF2 underlie at least in part, the AnxA6 mediated TNBC cell growth and/or motility, but also provide a rationale to target Ras-driven TNBC with EGFR targeted therapies in combination with inhibition of RasGRF2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diva S Whalen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sarrah E Widatalla
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Olga Y Korolkova
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gladys S Nangami
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Heather K Beasley
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stephen D Williams
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Carlos Virgous
- Animal Care Facility, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brian D Lehmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amos M Sakwe
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang B, Paffett ML, Naik JS, Jernigan NL, Walker BR, Resta TC. Cholesterol Regulation of Pulmonary Endothelial Calcium Homeostasis. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2018; 82:53-91. [PMID: 30360783 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a key structural component and regulator of lipid raft signaling platforms critical for cell function. Such regulation may involve changes in the biophysical properties of lipid microdomains or direct protein-sterol interactions that alter the function of ion channels, receptors, enzymes, and membrane structural proteins. Recent studies have implicated abnormal membrane cholesterol levels in mediating endothelial dysfunction that is characteristic of pulmonary hypertensive disorders, including that resulting from long-term exposure to hypoxia. Endothelial dysfunction in this setting is characterized by impaired pulmonary endothelial calcium entry and an associated imbalance that favors production vasoconstrictor and mitogenic factors that contribute to pulmonary hypertension. Here we review current knowledge of cholesterol regulation of pulmonary endothelial Ca2+ homeostasis, focusing on the role of membrane cholesterol in mediating agonist-induced Ca2+ entry and its components in the normal and hypertensive pulmonary circulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Zhang
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Michael L Paffett
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jay S Naik
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bohórquez-Hernández A, Gratton E, Pacheco J, Asanov A, Vaca L. Cholesterol modulates the cellular localization of Orai1 channels and its disposition among membrane domains. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:1481-1490. [PMID: 28919480 PMCID: PMC5902182 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) is one of the most important mechanisms for calcium mobilization in to the cell. Two main proteins sustain SOCE: STIM1 that acts as the calcium sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Orai1 responsible for calcium influx upon depletion of ER. There are many studies indicating that SOCE is modulated by the cholesterol content of the plasma membrane (PM). However, a myriad of questions remain unanswered concerning the precise molecular mechanism by which cholesterol modulates SOCE. In the present study we found that reducing PM cholesterol results in the internalization of Orai1 channels, which can be prevented by overexpressing caveolin 1 (Cav1). Furthermore, Cav1 and Orai1 associate upon SOCE activation as revealed by FRET and coimmunoprecipitation assays. The effects of reducing cholesterol were not limited to an increased rate of Orai1 internalization, but also, affects the lateral movement of Orai1, inducing movement in a linear pattern (unobstructed diffusion) opposite to basal cholesterol conditions were most of Orai1 channels moves in a confined space, as assessed by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, Cav1 overexpression inhibited these alterations maintaining Orai1 into a confined and partially confined movement. These results not only highlight the complex effect of cholesterol regulation on SOCE, but also indicate a direct regulatory effect on Orai1 localization and compartmentalization by this lipid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bohórquez-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 3210 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697-2715, USA
| | - Jonathan Pacheco
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Vaca
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang B, Naik JS, Jernigan NL, Walker BR, Resta TC. Reduced membrane cholesterol after chronic hypoxia limits Orai1-mediated pulmonary endothelial Ca 2+ entry. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 314:H359-H369. [PMID: 29101179 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00540.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction in chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary hypertension is characterized by reduced store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and diminished Ca2+-dependent production of endothelium-derived vasodilators. We recently reported that SOCE in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) is tightly regulated by membrane cholesterol and that decreased membrane cholesterol is responsible for impaired SOCE after CH. However, the ion channels involved in cholesterol-sensitive SOCE are unknown. We hypothesized that cholesterol facilitates SOCE in PAECs through the interaction of Orai1 and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1). The role of cholesterol in Orai1-mediated SOCE was initially assessed using CH exposure in rats (4 wk, 380 mmHg) as a physiological stimulus to decrease PAEC cholesterol. The effects of Orai1 inhibition with AnCoA4 on SOCE were examined in isolated PAEC sheets from control and CH rats after cholesterol supplementation, substitution of endogenous cholesterol with epicholesterol (Epichol), or vehicle treatment. Whereas cholesterol restored endothelial SOCE in CH rats, both Epichol and AnCoA4 attenuated SOCE only in normoxic controls. The Orai1 inhibitor had no further effect in cells pretreated with Epichol. Using cultured pulmonary endothelial cells to allow better mechanistic analysis of the molecular components of cholesterol-regulated SOCE, we found that Epichol, AnCoA4, and Orai1 siRNA each inhibited SOCE compared with their respective controls. Epichol had no additional effect after knockdown of Orai1. Furthermore, Epichol substitution significantly reduced STIM1-Orai1 interactions as assessed by a proximity ligation assay. We conclude that membrane cholesterol is required for the STIM1-Orai1 interaction necessary to elicit endothelial SOCE. Furthermore, reduced PAEC membrane cholesterol after CH limits Orai1-mediated SOCE. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This research demonstrates a novel contribution of cholesterol to regulate the interaction of Orai1 and stromal interaction molecule 1 required for pulmonary endothelial store-operated Ca2+ entry. The results provide a mechanistic basis for impaired pulmonary endothelial Ca2+ influx after chronic hypoxia that may contribute to pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Zhang
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Jay S Naik
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xia Y, Cai PC, Yu F, Xiong L, He XL, Rao SS, Chen F, Yang XP, Ma WL, Ye H. IL-4-induced caveolin-1-containing lipid rafts aggregation contributes to MUC5AC synthesis in bronchial epithelial cells. Respir Res 2017; 18:174. [PMID: 28931396 PMCID: PMC5607571 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucus overproduction is an important feature of asthma. Interleukin (IL)-4 is required for allergen-induced airway inflammation and mucus production. MUC5AC gene expression is regulated by transcript factors NF-κB. The intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) signal is required for activation of NF-κB. The transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) channel has been shown to contribute for agonist-stimulated Ca2+ influx in some types of cells. However, the relationships among IL-4, TRPC1 and mucus overproduction in bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) in asthma are poorly understood. Methods BECs were isolated from large bronchial airway of rats and used as cell model. To present changes of lipid raft, caveolin-1 and TRPC1, immunofluorescence staining and sucrose gradient centrifugation were performed. [Ca2+]i was measured after loading with Fura-2. NF-κB activities were measured by an ELISA-based assay. MUC5AC mRNA and protein levels were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA analysis and immunofluorescence staining respectively. Results IL-4 induced Ca2+ influx in BECs, and this was blocked by a Ca2+ influx inhibitor (2-APB). 2-APB also prevented MUC5AC protein synthesis induced by IL-4. Depletion of extracellular Ca2+ resulted in partial decrease in expression of MUC5AC in IL-4 treated cells. NF-κB rather than STAT6 activation mediated IL-4-induced MUC5AC protein synthesis. Then the mechanism of Ca2+ influx was investigated. Immunofluorescence staining and sucrose gradient centrifugation revealed that caveolin-1-containing lipid rafts aggregation was involved in TRPC1 activation and Ca2+ influx in BECs. Lastly, the data revealed that blocking lipid rafts aggregation exactly prevented Ca2+ influx, NF-κB activation and MUC5AC synthesis induced by IL-4. Conclusions Our results indicate that IL-4-induced caveolin-1-containing lipid rafts aggregation at least partly contributes to MUC5AC synthesis in BECs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0657-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liang Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin-Liang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shan-Shan Rao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wan-Li Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Ministry of Health of China, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. .,Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Ministry of Health of China, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Krutetskaya ZI, Milenina LS, Naumova AA, Butov SN, Antonov VG, Nozdrachev AD. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin modulates thapsigargin-induced store-dependent Ca 2+ entry in macrophages. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2017; 473:88-90. [PMID: 28510132 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672917020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Using Fura-2AM microfluorimetry, we have shown for the first time that preincubation of macrophages with methyl-β-cyclodextrin, inducing cholesterol extraction from membranes and raft disruption, leads to significant inhibition of thapsigargin-induced store-dependent Ca2+ entry in rat peritoneal macrophages. In contrast, macrophage treatment with methyl-β-cyclodextrin after Ca2+ entry mechanisms were activated by store depletion by thapsigargin application leads to potentiation of subsequent store-dependent Ca2+ entry. The results suggest that intact lipid rafts are necessary for the activation but not the maintenance of store-dependent Ca2+ entry in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z I Krutetskaya
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - L S Milenina
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - A A Naumova
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - S N Butov
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - V G Antonov
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - A D Nozdrachev
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang B, Naik JS, Jernigan NL, Walker BR, Resta TC. Reduced membrane cholesterol limits pulmonary endothelial Ca 2+ entry after chronic hypoxia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 312:H1176-H1184. [PMID: 28364016 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00097.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary hypertension is associated with diminished production of endothelium-derived Ca2+-dependent vasodilators such as nitric oxide. Interestingly, ATP-induced endothelial Ca2+ entry as well as membrane cholesterol (Chol) are decreased in pulmonary arteries from CH rats (4 wk, barometric pressure = 380 Torr) compared with normoxic controls. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and depolarization-induced Ca2+ entry are major components of the response to ATP and are similarly decreased after CH. We hypothesized that membrane Chol facilitates both SOCE and depolarization-induced pulmonary endothelial Ca2+ entry and that CH attenuates these responses by decreasing membrane Chol. To test these hypotheses, we administered Chol or epicholesterol (Epichol) to acutely isolated pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) from control and CH rats to either supplement or replace native Chol, respectively. The efficacy of membrane Chol manipulation was confirmed by filipin staining. Epichol greatly reduced ATP-induced Ca2+ influx in PAECs from control rats. Whereas Epichol similarly blunted endothelial SOCE in PAECs from both groups, Chol supplementation restored diminished SOCE in PAECs from CH rats while having no effect in controls. Similar effects of Chol manipulation on PAEC Ca2+ influx were observed in response to a depolarizing stimulus of KCl. Furthermore, KCl-induced Ca2+ entry was inhibited by the T-type Ca2+ channel antagonist mibefradil but not the L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitor diltiazem. We conclude that PAEC membrane Chol is required for ATP-induced Ca2+ entry and its two components, SOCE and depolarization-induced Ca2+ entry, and that reduced Ca2+ entry after CH may be due to loss of this key regulator.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This research is the first to examine the direct role of membrane cholesterol in regulating pulmonary endothelial agonist-induced Ca2+ entry and its components. The results provide a potential mechanism by which chronic hypoxia impairs pulmonary endothelial Ca2+ influx, which may contribute to pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bojun Zhang
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Jay S Naik
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Iaea DB, Mao S, Lund FW, Maxfield FR. Role of STARD4 in sterol transport between the endocytic recycling compartment and the plasma membrane. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1111-1122. [PMID: 28209730 PMCID: PMC5391187 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-07-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of sterol transport between the plasma membrane and the endocytic recycling compartment is measured using fluorescence microscopy. STARD4, a small, soluble sterol transport protein, is responsible for 25% of the total transport and 33% of nonvesicular transport. Elevated cholesterol dramatically increases sterol transport rate constants. Cholesterol is an essential constituent of membranes in mammalian cells. The plasma membrane and the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) are both highly enriched in cholesterol. The abundance and distribution of cholesterol among organelles are tightly controlled by a combination of mechanisms involving vesicular and nonvesicular sterol transport processes. Using the fluorescent cholesterol analogue dehydroergosterol, we examined sterol transport between the plasma membrane and the ERC using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and a novel sterol efflux assay. We found that sterol transport between these organelles in a U2OS cell line has a t1/2 =12–15 min. Approximately 70% of sterol transport is ATP independent and therefore is nonvesicular. Increasing cellular cholesterol levels dramatically increases bidirectional transport rate constants, but decreases in cholesterol levels have only a modest effect. A soluble sterol transport protein, STARD4, accounts for ∼25% of total sterol transport and ∼33% of nonvesicular sterol transport between the plasma membrane and ERC. This study shows that nonvesicular sterol transport mechanisms and STARD4 in particular account for a large fraction of sterol transport between the plasma membrane and the ERC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David B Iaea
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Rockefeller University, and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Tri-Institutional Chemical Biology Program, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shu Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Frederik W Lund
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Frederick R Maxfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065 .,Weill Cornell Medical College, Rockefeller University, and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Tri-Institutional Chemical Biology Program, New York, NY 10065
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Krutetskaya ZI, Milenina LS, Naumova AA, Butov SN, Antonov VG, Nozdrachev AD. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin inhibits Ca 2+-responses induced by glutoxim and molixan in macrophages. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2017; 471:390-392. [PMID: 28058689 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672916060041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Using Fura-2AM microfluorimetry, we have shown for the first time that methyl-β-cyclodextrin, inducing cholesterol extraction from membranes and raft disruption, significantly inhibits glutoxim- and molixan-induced Ca2+-responses in rat peritoneal macrophages. The results suggest that intact rafts are necessary for signaling cascade induced by glutoxim or molixan and leading to intracellular Ca2+ concentration increase in macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z I Krutetskaya
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - L S Milenina
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - A A Naumova
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - S N Butov
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - V G Antonov
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - A D Nozdrachev
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
STIM-TRP Pathways and Microdomain Organization: Contribution of TRPC1 in Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry: Impact on Ca 2+ Signaling and Cell Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:159-188. [PMID: 28900914 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ entry pathway that is activated in response to depletion of ER-Ca2+ stores and critically controls the regulation of physiological functions in a wide variety of cell types. The transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels (TRPCs 1-7), which are activated by stimuli leading to PIP2 hydrolysis, were first identified as molecular components of SOCE channels. While TRPC1 was associated with SOCE and regulation of function in several cell types, none of the TRPC members displayed I CRAC, the store-operated current identified in lymphocytes and mast cells. Intensive search finally led to the identification of Orai1 and STIM1 as the primary components of the CRAC channel. Orai1 was established as the pore-forming channel protein and STIM1 as the ER-Ca2+ sensor protein involved in activation of Orai1. STIM1 also activates TRPC1 via a distinct domain in its C-terminus. However, TRPC1 function depends on Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry, which triggers recruitment of TRPC1 into the plasma membrane where it is activated by STIM1. TRPC1 and Orai1 form distinct store-operated Ca2+ channels that regulate specific cellular functions. It is now clearly established that regulation of TRPC1 trafficking can change plasma membrane levels of the channel, the phenotype of the store-operated Ca2+ current, as well as pattern of SOCE-mediated [Ca2+]i signals. Thus, TRPC1 is activated downstream of Orai1 and modifies the initial [Ca2+]i signal generated by Orai1. This review will highlight current concepts of the activation and regulation of TRPC1 channels and its impact on cell function.
Collapse
|
22
|
Pacheco J, Dominguez L, Bohórquez-Hernández A, Asanov A, Vaca L. A cholesterol-binding domain in STIM1 modulates STIM1-Orai1 physical and functional interactions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29634. [PMID: 27459950 PMCID: PMC4962086 DOI: 10.1038/srep29634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
STIM1 and Orai1 are the main components of a widely conserved Calcium influx pathway known as store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). STIM1 is a calcium sensor, which oligomerizes and activates Orai channels when calcium levels drop inside the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The series of molecular rearrangements that STIM1 undergoes until final activation of Orai1 require the direct exposure of the STIM1 domain known as SOAR (Stim Orai Activating Region). In addition to these complex molecular rearrangements, other constituents like lipids at the plasma membrane, play critical roles orchestrating SOCE. PI(4,5)P2 and enriched cholesterol microdomains have been shown as important signaling platforms that recruit the SOCE machinery in steps previous to Orai1 activation. However, little is known about the molecular role of cholesterol once SOCE is activated. In this study we provide clear evidence that STIM1 has a cholesterol-binding domain located inside the SOAR region and modulates Orai1 channels. We demonstrate a functional association of STIM1 and SOAR to cholesterol, indicating a close proximity of SOAR to the inner layer of the plasma membrane. In contrast, the depletion of cholesterol induces the SOAR detachment from the plasma membrane and enhances its association to Orai1. These results are recapitulated with full length STIM1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Pacheco
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, DF 04510, México
| | - Laura Dominguez
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF 04510, México
| | - A Bohórquez-Hernández
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, DF 04510, México
| | | | - Luis Vaca
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, DF 04510, México
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Roles for lipid heterogeneity in immunoreceptor signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:830-836. [PMID: 26995463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immune receptors that specifically recognize foreign antigens to activate leukocytes in adaptive immune responses belong to a family of multichain cell surface proteins. All of these contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs in one or more subunits that initiate signaling cascades following stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation by Src-family kinases. As highlighted in this review, lipids participate in this initial activation step, as well as in more downstream signaling steps. We summarize evidence for cholesterol-dependent ordered lipids serving to regulate the store-operated Ca(2+) channel, Orai1, and we describe the sensitivity of Orai1 coupling to the ER Ca(2+) sensor, STIM1, to inhibition by polyunsaturated fatty acids. Phosphoinositides play key roles in regulating STIM1-Orai1 coupling, as well as in the stimulated Ca(2+) oscillations that are a consequence of IgE receptor signaling in mast cells. They also participate in the coupling between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton, which regulates immune receptor responses in T cells, B cells, and mast cells, both positively and negatively, depending on the cellular context. Recent studies show that other phospholipids with mostly saturated acylation also participate in coupling between receptors and the actin cytoskeleton. Lipid heterogeneity is a central feature of the intimate relationship between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. The detailed nature of these interactions and how they are dynamically regulated to initiate and propagate receptor-mediated cell signaling are challenging questions for further investigation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The cellular lipid landscape edited by Tim P. Levine and Anant K. Menon.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Orai channels at the plasma membrane mediate store-operated Ca(2+) entry in response to Ca(2+) depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum. Orai channels are gated by stromal-interacting molecule proteins, which act as Ca(2+) sensors, and the association of these proteins is enhanced in cholesterol-rich lipid rafts. In research published in Science Signaling, Derler et al. report that cholesterol inhibits Orai function through direct association with the channel amino terminus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hooper
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Brad S Rothberg
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Derler I, Jardin I, Stathopulos PB, Muik M, Fahrner M, Zayats V, Pandey SK, Poteser M, Lackner B, Absolonova M, Schindl R, Groschner K, Ettrich R, Ikura M, Romanin C. Cholesterol modulates Orai1 channel function. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra10. [PMID: 26814231 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad7808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1) and Orai proteins are the essential components of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels. We focused on the role of cholesterol in the regulation of STIM1-mediated Orai1 currents. Chemically induced cholesterol depletion enhanced store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and Orai1 currents. Furthermore, cholesterol depletion in mucosal-type mast cells augmented endogenous CRAC currents, which were associated with increased degranulation, a process that requires calcium influx. Single point mutations in the Orai1 amino terminus that would be expected to abolish cholesterol binding enhanced SOCE to a similar extent as did cholesterol depletion. The increase in Orai1 activity in cells expressing these cholesterol-binding-deficient mutants occurred without affecting the amount in the plasma membrane or the coupling of STIM1 to Orai1. We detected cholesterol binding to an Orai1 amino-terminal fragment in vitro and to full-length Orai1 in cells. Thus, our data showed that Orai1 senses the amount of cholesterol in the plasma membrane and that the interaction of Orai1 with cholesterol inhibits its activity, thereby limiting SOCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Peter B Stathopulos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Martin Muik
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Marc Fahrner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Vasilina Zayats
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Saurabh K Pandey
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Poteser
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Lackner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Marketa Absolonova
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rüdiger Ettrich
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Mitsu Ikura
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Christoph Romanin
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ong HL, de Souza LB, Ambudkar IS. Role of TRPC Channels in Store-Operated Calcium Entry. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:87-109. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
27
|
Abstract
Store Operated Ca(2+) Entry (SOCE), the main Ca(2+) influx mechanism in non-excitable cells, is implicated in the immune response and has been reported to be affected in several pathologies including cancer. The basic molecular constituents of SOCE are Orai, the pore forming unit, and STIM, a multidomain protein with at least two principal functions: one is to sense the Ca(2+) content inside the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum(ER) and the second is to activate Orai channels upon depletion of the ER. The link between Ca(2+) depletion inside the ER and Ca(2+) influx from extracellular media is through a direct association of STIM and Orai, but for this to occur, both molecules have to interact and form clusters where ER and plasma membrane (PM) are intimately apposed. In recent years a great number of components have been identified as participants in SOCE regulation, including regions of plasma membrane enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, the so called lipid rafts, which recruit a complex platform of specialized microdomains, which cells use to regulate spatiotemporal Ca(2+) signals.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Sterols are a critical component of cell membranes of eukaryotes. In mammalian cells there is approximately a six-fold range in the cholesterol content in various organelles. The cholesterol content of membranes plays an important role in organizing membranes for signal transduction and protein trafficking as well as in modulating the physiochemical properties of membranes. Cholesterol trafficking among organelles is highly dynamic and is mediated by both vesicular and non-vesicular processes. Several proteins have been proposed to mediate inter-organelle trafficking of cholesterol. However, several aspects of the mechanisms involved in regulating trafficking and distribution of cholesterol remain to be elucidated. In the present chapter, we discuss the cellular mechanisms involved in cholesterol distribution and the trafficking processes involved in maintaining sterol homoeostasis.
Collapse
|
29
|
Ong HL, Ambudkar IS. Molecular determinants of TRPC1 regulation within ER–PM junctions. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:376-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Redondo PC, Rosado JA. Store-operated calcium entry: unveiling the calcium handling signalplex. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 316:183-226. [PMID: 25805125 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is an important mechanism for Ca(2+) influx in non-excitable cells, also present in excitable cells. The activation of store-operated channels (SOCs) is finely regulated by the filling state of the intracellular agonist-sensitive Ca(2+) compartments, and both, the mechanism of sensing the Ca(2+) stores and the nature and functional properties of the SOCs, have been a matter of intense investigation and debate. The identification of STIM1 as the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) sensor and both Orai1, as the pore-forming subunit of the channels mediating the Ca(2+)-selective store-operated current, and the members of the TRPC subfamily of proteins, as the channels mediating the cation-permeable SOCs, has shed new light on the underlying events. This review summarizes the initial hypothesis and the current advances on the mechanism of activation of SOCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro C Redondo
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Voccoli V, Tonazzini I, Signore G, Caleo M, Cecchini M. Role of extracellular calcium and mitochondrial oxygen species in psychosine-induced oligodendrocyte cell death. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1529. [PMID: 25412308 PMCID: PMC4260741 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD) is a metabolic disease caused by mutations in the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) gene. GALC is a lysosomal enzyme whose function is to degrade galacto-lipids, including galactosyl-ceramide and galactosyl-sphingosine (psychosine, PSY). GALC loss of function causes progressive intracellular accumulation of PSY. It is widely held that PSY is the main trigger for the degeneration of myelinating cells and progressive white-matter loss. However, still little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which PSY imparts toxicity. Here, we address the role of calcium dynamics during PSY-induced cell death. Using the human oligodendrocyte cell line MO3.13, we report that cell death by PSY is accompanied by robust cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium (Ca(2+)) elevations, and by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Importantly, we demonstrate that the reduction of extracellular calcium content by the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid can decrease intra-mitochondrial ROS production and enhance cell viability. Antioxidant administration also reduces mitochondrial ROS production and cell loss, but this treatment does not synergize with Ca(2+) chelation. Our results disclose novel intracellular pathways involved in PSY-induced death that may be exploited for therapeutic purposes to delay GLD onset and/or slow down its progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Voccoli
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - I Tonazzini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Signore
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Caleo
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Prendergast C, Quayle J, Burdyga T, Wray S. Atherosclerosis differentially affects calcium signalling in endothelial cells from aortic arch and thoracic aorta in Apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/10/e12171. [PMID: 25344475 PMCID: PMC4254096 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein‐E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice develop hypercholesterolemia and are a useful model of atherosclerosis. Hypercholesterolemia alters intracellular Ca2+ signalling in vascular endothelial cells but our understanding of these changes, especially in the early stages of the disease process, is limited. We therefore determined whether carbachol‐mediated endothelial Ca2+ signals differ in plaque‐prone aortic arch compared to plaque‐resistant thoracic aorta, of wild‐type and ApoE−/− mice, and how this is affected by age and the presence of hypercholesterolemia. The extent of plaque development was determined using en‐face staining with Sudan IV. Tissues were obtained from wild‐type and ApoE−/− mice at 10 weeks (pre‐plaques) and 24 weeks (established plaques). We found that even before development of plaques, significantly increased Ca2+ responses were observed in arch endothelial cells. Even with aging and plaque formation, ApoE−/− thoracic responses were little changed, however a significantly enhanced Ca2+ response was observed in arch, both adjacent to and away from lesions. In wild‐type mice of any age, 1–2% of cells had oscillatory Ca2+ responses. In young ApoE−/− and plaque‐free regions of older ApoE−/−, this is unchanged. However a significant increase in oscillations (~13–15%) occurred in thoracic and arch cells adjacent to lesions in older mice. Our data suggest that Ca2+ signals in endothelial cells show specific changes both before and with plaque formation, that these changes are greatest in plaque‐prone aortic arch cells, and that these changes will contribute to the reported deterioration of endothelium in atherosclerosis. We have investigated aortic endothelial cell calcium signalling changes in the Apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model of atherosclerosis. Our data show that calcium signals in endothelial cells undergo specific changes both before and with plaque formation, that these changes are greater in plaque‐prone aortic arch than in plaque‐resistant thoracic aorta, and that these changes will contribute to the reported deterioration of endothelium in atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clodagh Prendergast
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John Quayle
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Theodor Burdyga
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Susan Wray
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Prendergast C, Quayle J, Burdyga T, Wray S. Atherosclerosis affects calcium signalling in endothelial cells from apolipoprotein E knockout mice before plaque formation. Cell Calcium 2014; 55:146-54. [PMID: 24630173 PMCID: PMC4024193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about how hypercholesterolaemia affects Ca2+ signalling in the vasculature of ApoE−/− mice, a model of atherosclerosis. Our objectives were therefore to determine (i) if hypercholesterolaemia alters Ca2+ signalling in aortic endothelial cells before overt atherosclerotic lesions occur, (ii) how Ca2+ signals are affected in older plaque-containing mice, and (iii) whether Ca2+ signalling changes were translated into contractility differences. Using confocal microscopy we found agonist-specific Ca2+ changes in endothelial cells. ATP responses were unchanged in ApoE−/− cells and methyl-β-cyclodextrin, which lowers cholesterol, was without effect. In contrast, Ca2+ signals to carbachol were significantly increased in ApoE−/− cells, an effect methyl-β-cyclodextrin reversed. Ca2+ signals were more oscillatory and store-operated Ca2+ entry decreased as mice aged and plaques formed. Despite clearly increased Ca2+ signals, aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine had impaired relaxation to carbachol. This functional deficit increased with age, was not related to ROS generation, and could be partially rescued by methyl-β-cyclodextrin. In conclusion, carbachol-induced calcium signalling and handling are significantly altered in endothelial cells of ApoE−/− mice before plaque development. We speculate that reduction in store-operated Ca2+ entry may result in less efficient activation of eNOS and thus explain the reduced relaxatory response to CCh, despite the enhanced Ca2+ response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clodagh Prendergast
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - John Quayle
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Theodor Burdyga
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Wray
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Smani T, Dionisio N, López JJ, Berna-Erro A, Rosado JA. Cytoskeletal and scaffolding proteins as structural and functional determinants of TRP channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:658-64. [PMID: 23333715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are six transmembrane-spanning proteins, with variable selectivity for cations, that play a relevant role in intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. There is a large body of evidence that shows association of TRP channels with the actin cytoskeleton or even the microtubules and demonstrating the functional importance of this interaction for TRP channel function. Conversely, cation currents through TRP channels have also been found to modulate cytoskeleton rearrangements. The interplay between TRP channels and the cytoskeleton has been demonstrated to be essential for full activation of a variety of cellular functions. Furthermore, TRP channels have been reported to take part of macromolecular complexes including different signal transduction proteins. Scaffolding proteins play a relevant role in the association of TRP proteins with other signaling molecules into specific microdomains. Especially relevant are the roles of the Homer family members for the regulation of TRPC channel gating in mammals and INAD in the modulation of Drosophila TRP channels. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Reciprocal influences between cell cytoskeleton and membrane channels, receptors and transporters. Guest Editor: Jean Claude Hervé.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Smani
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Dionisio
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José J López
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Alejandro Berna-Erro
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bandorowicz-Pikula J, Wos M, Pikula S. Do annexins participate in lipid messenger mediated intracellular signaling? A question revisited. Mol Membr Biol 2012; 29:229-42. [PMID: 22694075 DOI: 10.3109/09687688.2012.693210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Annexins are physiologically important proteins that play a role in calcium buffering but also influence membrane structure, participate in Ca²⁺-dependent membrane repair events and in remodelling of the cytoskeleton. Thirty years ago several peptides isolated from lung perfusates, peritoneal leukocytes, neutrophiles and renal cells were proven inhibitory to the activity of phospholipase A₂. Those peptides were found to derive from structurally related proteins: annexins AnxA1 and AnxA2. These findings raised the question whether annexins may participate in regulation of the production of lipid second messengers and, therefore, modulate numerous lipid mediated signaling pathways in the cell. Recent advances in the field of annexins made also with the use of knock-out animal models revealed that these proteins are indeed important constituents of specific signaling pathways. In this review we provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that annexins, as membrane-binding proteins and organizers of the membrane lateral heterogeneity, may participate in lipid mediated signaling pathways by affecting the distribution and activity of lipid metabolizing enzymes (most of the reports point to phospholipase A₂) and of protein kinases regulating activity of these enzymes. Moreover, some experimental data suggest that annexins may directly interact with lipid metabolizing enzymes and, in a calcium-dependent or independent manner, with some of their substrates and products. On the basis of these observations, many investigators suggest that annexins are capable of linking Ca²⁺, redox and lipid signaling to coordinate vital cellular responses to the environmental stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bandorowicz-Pikula
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PL 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Domon M, Nasir MN, Matar G, Pikula S, Besson F, Bandorowicz-Pikula J. Annexins as organizers of cholesterol- and sphingomyelin-enriched membrane microdomains in Niemann-Pick type C disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:1773-85. [PMID: 22159585 PMCID: PMC11114673 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingomyelin are sites for numerous cellular processes, including signaling, vesicular transport, interaction with pathogens, and viral infection, etc. Recently some members of the annexin family of conserved calcium and membrane-binding proteins have been recognized as cholesterol-interacting molecules and suggested to play a role in the formation, stabilization, and dynamics of membrane microdomains to affect membrane lateral organization and to attract other proteins and signaling molecules onto their territory. Furthermore, annexins were implicated in the interactions between cytosolic and membrane molecules, in the turnover and storage of cholesterol and in various signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of interaction of annexins with lipid microdomains and the role of annexins in membrane microdomains dynamics including possible participation of the domain-associated forms of annexins in the etiology of human lysosomal storage disease called Niemann-Pick type C disease, related to the abnormal storage of cholesterol in the lysosome-like intracellular compartment. The involvement of annexins and cholesterol/sphingomyelin-enriched membrane microdomains in other pathologies including cardiac dysfunctions, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cancer is likely, but is not supported by substantial experimental observations, and therefore awaits further clarification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Domon
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fedida-Metula S, Feldman B, Koshelev V, Levin-Gromiko U, Voronov E, Fishman D. Lipid rafts couple store-operated Ca 2+ entry to constitutive activation of PKB/Akt in a Ca 2+ /calmodulin-, Src- and PP2A-mediated pathway and promote melanoma tumor growth. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:740-50. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
38
|
STIM1/Orai1 contributes to sex differences in vascular responses to calcium in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 2012; 122:215-26. [PMID: 21966957 DOI: 10.1042/cs20110312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in Ca2+-dependent signalling and homoeostasis in the vasculature of hypertensive rats are well characterized. However, sex-related differences in SOCE (store-operated Ca2+ entry) have been minimally investigated. We hypothesized that vascular protection in females, compared with males, reflects decreased Ca2+ mobilization due to diminished activation of Orai1/STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1). In addition, we investigated whether ovariectomy in females affects the activation of the Orai1/STIM1 pathway. Endothelium-denuded aortic rings from male and female SHRSP (stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats) and WKY (Wistar-Kyoto) rats and from OVX (ovariectomized) or sham female SHRSP and WKY rats were used to functionally evaluate Ca2+ influx-induced contractions. Compared with females, aorta from male SHRSP displayed: (i) increased contraction during the Ca2+-loading period; (ii) similar transient contraction during Ca2+ release from the intracellular stores; (iii) increased activation of STIM1 and Orai1, as shown by the blockade of STIM1 and Orai1 with neutralizing antibodies, which reversed the sex differences in contraction during the Ca2+-loading period; and (iv) increased expression of STIM1 and Orai1. Additionally, we found that aortas from OVX-SHRSP showed increased contraction during the Ca2+-loading period and increased Orai1 expression, but no changes in the SR (sarcoplasmic reticulum)-buffering capacity or STIM1 expression. These findings suggest that augmented activation of STIM1/Orai1 in aortas from male SHRSP represents a mechanism that contributes to sex-related impaired control of intracellular Ca2+ levels. Furthermore, female sex hormones may negatively modulate the STIM/Orai1 pathway, contributing to vascular protection observed in female rats.
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Bläsche R, Ebeling G, Perike S, Weinhold K, Kasper M, Barth K. Activation of P2X7R and downstream effects in bleomycin treated lung epithelial cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 44:514-24. [PMID: 22192844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in intracellular calcium concentration [Ca(2+)](i) are believed to influence the proliferation and differentiation of airway epithelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. In the present study, using mouse alveolar epithelial E10 cells, we demonstrated that the treatment of lung epithelial cells with BLM resulted in elevated intracellular Ca(2+) levels. BLM further increased P2rx7 mRNA expression and P2X7R protein levels, paralleled by increased PKC-β1 levels. BLM treatment or stimulation of the P2X7R with the P2X7R agonist BzATP induced translocation of PKC-β1 from the cytoplasm to the membrane. The expression of PKC-β1 was repressed by the P2X7R inhibitor oxATP, suggesting that PKC-β1 is downstream of P2X7R activation. Furthermore, cells exposed to BLM contained increased amounts of P2X7R and PKC-β1 in Cav-1 containing lipid raft fractions. The comparison of lung tissues from wild-type and P2rx7(-/-) mice revealed decreased protein and mRNA levels of PKC-β1 and CaM as well as decreased immunoreactivity for PKC-β1. The knockdown of P2X7R in alveolar epithelial cells resulted also in a loss of PKC-β1. These data suggest that the effect of P2X7R on expression of PKC-β1 detected in alveolar epithelial cells is also functioning in the animal model. Immunohistochemical evaluation of fibrotic lungs derived from a BLM-induced mouse model revealed a strong increase in PKC-β1 immunoreactivity. The present experiments demonstrated that the increased expression of P2X7R influences PKC-β1. We predict that increased Ca(2+) concentration stimulates PKC-β1, whereas the prerequisite for activating PKC-β1 after P2X7R increase remained to be determined. Our findings suggest that PKC-β1 is important in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bläsche
- University of Technology Dresden, Department of Anatomy, Medical Clinic, Fetscherstr. 76, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhu L, Inaba K. Lipid rafts function in Ca2+ signaling responsible for activation of sperm motility and chemotaxis in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Mol Reprod Dev 2011; 78:920-9. [PMID: 21887722 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipid rafts are specialized membrane microdomains that function as signaling platforms across plasma membranes of many animal and plant cells. Although there are several studies implicating the role of lipid rafts in capacitation of mammalian sperm, the function of these structures in sperm motility activation and chemotaxis remains unknown. In the ascidian Ciona intestinalis, egg-derived sperm activating- and attracting-factor (SAAF) induces both activation of sperm motility and sperm chemotaxis to the egg. Here we found that a lipid raft disrupter, methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD), inhibited both SAAF-induced sperm motility activation and chemotaxis. MCD inhibited both SAAF-promoted synthesis of intracellular cyclic AMP and sperm motility induced by ionophore-mediated Ca(2+) entry, but not that induced by valinomycin-mediated hyperpolarization. Ca(2+)-imaging revealed that lipid raft disruption inhibited Ca(2+) influx upon activation of sperm motility. The Ca(2+)-activated adenylyl cyclase was clearly inhibited by MCD in isolated lipid rafts. The results suggest that sperm lipid rafts function in signaling upstream of cAMP synthesis, most likely in SAAF-induced Ca(2+) influx, and are required for Ca(2+)-dependent pathways underlying activation and chemotaxis in Ciona sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhu
- Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jin S, Zhou F, Katirai F, Li PL. Lipid raft redox signaling: molecular mechanisms in health and disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:1043-83. [PMID: 21294649 PMCID: PMC3135227 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipid rafts, the sphingolipid and cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains, are able to form different membrane macrodomains or platforms upon stimulations, including redox signaling platforms, which serve as a critical signaling mechanism to mediate or regulate cellular activities or functions. In particular, this raft platform formation provides an important driving force for the assembling of NADPH oxidase subunits and the recruitment of other related receptors, effectors, and regulatory components, resulting, in turn, in the activation of NADPH oxidase and downstream redox regulation of cell functions. This comprehensive review attempts to summarize all basic and advanced information about the formation, regulation, and functions of lipid raft redox signaling platforms as well as their physiological and pathophysiological relevance. Several molecular mechanisms involving the formation of lipid raft redox signaling platforms and the related therapeutic strategies targeting them are discussed. It is hoped that all information and thoughts included in this review could provide more comprehensive insights into the understanding of lipid raft redox signaling, in particular, of their molecular mechanisms, spatial-temporal regulations, and physiological, pathophysiological relevances to human health and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Calloway N, Owens T, Corwith K, Rodgers W, Holowka D, Baird B. Stimulated association of STIM1 and Orai1 is regulated by the balance of PtdIns(4,5)P₂ between distinct membrane pools. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:2602-10. [PMID: 21750194 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.084178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that PIP5KIβ and PIP5KIγ generate functionally distinct pools of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P(2)] important for antigen-stimulated Ca(2+) entry in mast cells. In the present study, we find that association of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) sensor, STIM1, and the store-operated Ca(2+) channel, Orai1, stimulated by thapsigargin-mediated ER store depletion, is enhanced by overexpression of PIP5KIβ and inhibited by overexpression of PIP5KIγ. These different PIP5KI isoforms cause differential enhancement of PtdIns(4,5)P(2) in detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) fractions, which comprise ordered lipid regions, and detergent-solubilized membrane (DSM) fractions, which comprise disordered lipid regions. Consistent with these results, the inositol 5-phosphatase L10-Inp54p, which is targeted to ordered lipids, decreases PtdIns(4,5)P(2) in the DRM fraction and inhibits thapsigargin-stimulated STIM1-Orai1 association and store-operated Ca(2+) entry, whereas the inositol 5-phosphatase S15-Inp54p, which is targeted to disordered lipids, decreases PtdIns(4,5)P(2) in the DSM fraction and enhances STIM1-Orai1 association. Removal of either the STIM1 C-terminal polylysine sequence (amino acids 677-685) or an N-terminal polyarginine sequence in Orai1 (amino acids 28-33) eliminates this differential sensitivity of STIM1-Orai1 association to PtdIns(4,5)P(2) in the distinctive membrane domains. Our results are consistent with a model of PtdIns(4,5)P(2) balance, in which store-depletion-stimulated STIM1-Orai1 association is positively regulated by the ordered lipid pool of PtdIns(4,5)P(2) and negatively regulated by PtdIns(4,5)P(2) in disordered lipid domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Calloway
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Dionisio N, Galán C, Jardín I, Salido GM, Rosado JA. Lipid rafts are essential for the regulation of SOCE by plasma membrane resident STIM1 in human platelets. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1813:431-7. [PMID: 21255618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 12/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
STIM1 is a transmembrane protein essential for the activation of store-operated Ca²+ entry (SOCE), a major Ca²+ influx mechanism. STIM1 is either located in the endoplasmic reticulum, communicating the Ca²+ concentration in the stores to plasma membrane channels or in the plasma membrane, where it might sense the extracellular Ca²+ concentration. Plasma membrane-located STIM1 has been reported to mediate the SOCE sensitivity to extracellular Ca²+ through its interaction with Orai1. Here we show that plasma membrane lipid raft domains are essential for the regulation of SOCE by extracellular Ca²+. Treatment of platelets with the SERCA inhibitor thapsigargin (TG) induced Mn²+ entry, which was inhibited by increasing concentrations of extracellular Ca²+. Platelet treatment with methyl-β-cyclodextrin, which removes cholesterol and disrupts the lipid raft domains, impaired the inactivation of Ca²+ entry induced by extracellular Ca²+. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin also abolished translocation of STIM1 to the plasma membrane stimulated by treatment with TG and prevented TG-evoked co-immunoprecipitation between plasma membrane-located STIM1 and the Ca²+ permeable channel Orai1. These findings suggest that lipid raft domains are essential for the inactivation of SOCE by extracellular Ca²+ mediated by the interaction between plasma membrane-located STIM1 and Orai1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Dionisio
- Department of Physiology, Cell Physiology Research Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|