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Yu H, Dyett B, Kirby N, Cai X, Mohamad ME, Bozinovski S, Drummond CJ, Zhai J. pH-Dependent Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Mesophase and Ionization Behavior of Phytantriol-Based Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309200. [PMID: 38295089 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), serving as essential nanocarriers in recent COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, provide a stable and versatile platform for delivering a wide range of biological materials. Notably, LNPs with unique inverse mesostructures, such as cubosomes and hexosomes, are recognized as fusogenic nanocarriers in the drug delivery field. This study delves into the physicochemical properties, including size, lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophase, and apparent pKa of LNPs with various lipid components, consisting of two ionizable lipids (ALC-0315 and SM-102) used in commercial COVID-19 mRNA vaccines and a well-known inverse mesophase structure-forming helper lipid, phytantriol (PT). Two partial mesophase diagrams are generated for both ALC-0315/PT LNPs and SM-102/PT LNPs as a function of two factors, ionizable lipid ratio (α, 0-100 mol%) and pH condition (pH 3-11). Furthermore, the impact of different LNP stabilizers (Pluronic F127, Pluronic F108, and Tween 80) on their pH-dependent phase behavior is evaluated. The findings offer insights into the self-assembled mesostructure and ionization state of the studied LNPs with potentially enhanced endosomal escape ability. This research is relevant to developing innovative next-generation LNP systems for delivering various therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yu
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Brendan Dyett
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Nigel Kirby
- SAXS/WAXS beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Xudong Cai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Mohamad El Mohamad
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
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Yu H, Iscaro J, Dyett B, Zhang Y, Seibt S, Martinez N, White J, Drummond CJ, Bozinovski S, Zhai J. Inverse Cubic and Hexagonal Mesophase Evolution within Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles Correlates with mRNA Transfection in Macrophages. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37870621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) technology presents enormous opportunities to prevent and treat various diseases. Here, we developed a novel series of LNPs containing ionizable amino-lipids showing a remarkable array of tunable and pH-sensitive lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophases including the inverse bicontinuous cubic and hexagonal phases characterized by high-throughput synchrotron radiation X-ray scattering. Furthermore, with an interest in developing mRNA therapeutics for lung macrophage targeting, we discovered that there is a strong correlation between the mesophase transition of the LNPs during acidification and the macrophage association/transfection efficiency of mRNAs. The slight molecular structural differences between the SM-102 and ALC-0315 ionizable lipids are linked to the LNP's ability to transform their internal structures from an amorphous state to the inverse micellar, hexagonal, and finally cubic structures during endosomal maturation. SM-102 LNPs showed exceptionally improved transfection efficiency due to their ability to form a cubic structure at a lower pH than the ALC-0315 analogues, which remained within the hexagonal structure, previously attributed to promoting endosomal escape of the ionizable LNPs. Overall, the new knowledge draws our attention to the important role of mesophase transition in endosomal escape, and the novel LNP libraries reported herein have broad prospects for advancing mRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yu
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Joshua Iscaro
- Centre for Respiratory Science & Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Brendan Dyett
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Yiran Zhang
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Susanne Seibt
- SAXS/WAXS Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Natalia Martinez
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jacinta White
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue,Clayton, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- Centre for Respiratory Science & Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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Dilliard SA, Sun Y, Brown MO, Sung YC, Chatterjee S, Farbiak L, Vaidya A, Lian X, Wang X, Lemoff A, Siegwart DJ. The interplay of quaternary ammonium lipid structure and protein corona on lung-specific mRNA delivery by selective organ targeting (SORT) nanoparticles. J Control Release 2023; 361:361-372. [PMID: 37536547 PMCID: PMC10826900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) can treat genetic disease using protein replacement or genome editing approaches but requires a suitable carrier to circumnavigate biological barriers and access the desired cell type within the target organ. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are widely used in the clinic for mRNA delivery yet are limited in their applications due to significant hepatic accumulation because of the formation of a protein corona enriched in apolipoprotein E (ApoE). Our lab developed selective organ targeting (SORT) LNPs that incorporate a supplementary component, termed a SORT molecule, for tissue-specific mRNA delivery to the liver, spleen, and lungs of mice. Mechanistic work revealed that the biophysical class of SORT molecule added to the LNP forms a distinct protein corona that helps determine where in the body mRNA is delivered. To better understand which plasma proteins could drive tissue-specific mRNA delivery, we characterized a panel of quaternary ammonium lipids as SORT molecules to assess how chemical structure affects the organ-targeting outcomes and protein corona of lung-targeting SORT LNPs. We discovered that variations in the chemical structure of both the lipid alkyl tail and headgroup impact the potency and specificity of mRNA delivery to the lungs. Furthermore, changes to the chemical structure alter the quantities and identities of protein corona constituents in a manner that correlates with organ-targeting outcomes, with certain proteins appearing to promote lung targeting whereas others reduce delivery to off-target organs. These findings unveil a nuanced relationship between LNP chemistry and endogenous targeting, where the ensemble of proteins associated with an LNP can play various roles in determining the tissue-specificity of mRNA delivery, providing further design criteria for optimization of clinically-relevant nanoparticles for extrahepatic delivery of genetic payloads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Dilliard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yehui Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Madeline O Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yun-Chieh Sung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sumanta Chatterjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lukas Farbiak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amogh Vaidya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xizhen Lian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Lemoff
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J Siegwart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Program in Genetic Drug Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Sukocheva OA, Liu J, Neganova ME, Beeraka NM, Aleksandrova YR, Manogaran P, Grigorevskikh EM, Chubarev VN, Fan R. Perspectives of using microRNA-loaded nanocarriers for epigenetic reprogramming of drug resistant colorectal cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:358-375. [PMID: 35623562 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation by microRNAs (miRs) demonstrated a promising therapeutic potential of these molecules to regulate genetic activity in different cancers, including colorectal cancers (CRCs). The RNA-based therapy does not change genetic codes in tumor cells but can silence oncogenes and/or reactivate inhibited tumor suppressor genes. In many cancers, specific miRs were shown to promote or stop tumor progression. Among confirmed and powerful epigenetic regulators of colon carcinogenesis and development of resistance are onco-miRs, which include let-7, miR-21, miR-22, miR-23a, miR-27a, miR-34, miR-92, miR-96, miR-125b, miR-135b, miR-182, miR-200c, miR-203, miR-221, miR-421, miR-451, and others. Moreover, various tumor-suppressor miRs (miR-15b-5b, miR-18a, miR-20b, miR-22, miR-96, miR-139-5p, miR-145, miR-149, miR-197, miR-199b, miR-203, miR-214, miR-218, miR-320, miR-375-3p, miR-409-3p, miR-450b-5p, miR-494, miR-577, miR-874, and others) were found silenced in drug-resistant CRCs. Re-expression of tumor suppressor miR is complicated by the chemical nature of miRs that are not long-lasting compounds and require protection from the enzymatic degradation. Several recent studies explored application of miRs using nanocarrier complexes. This study critically describes the most successfully tested nanoparticle complexes used for intracellular delivery of nuclear acids and miRs, including micelles, liposomes, inorganic and polymeric NPs, dendrimers, and aptamers. Nanocarriers shield incorporated miRs and improve the agent stability in circulation. Attachment of antibodies and/or specific peptide or ligands facilitates cell-targeted miR delivery. Addressing in vivo challenges, a broad spectrum of non-toxic materials has been tested and indicated reliable advantages of lipid-based (lipoplexes) and polymer-based liposomes. Recent cutting-edge developments indicated that lipid-based complexes with multiple cargo, including several miRs, are the most effective approach to eradicate drug-resistant tumors. Focusing on CRC-specific miRs, this review provides a guidance and insights towards the most promising direction to achieve dramatic reduction in tumor growth and metastasis using miR-nanocarrier complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- Cancer Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou, 450052, China; The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
| | - Junqi Liu
- Cancer Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Margarita E Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, Severnii pr., Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia; Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia; Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), JSS Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Yulia R Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, Severnii pr., Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
| | - Prasath Manogaran
- Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Ekaterina M Grigorevskikh
- Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Chubarev
- Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Cancer Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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5
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Sonntag T, Rapp M, Didier P, Lebeau L, Pons F, Casset A. Mucus-producing epithelial models for investigating the activity of gene delivery systems in the lung. Int J Pharm 2021; 614:121423. [PMID: 34958896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled transfection particles have to penetrate the mucus layer lining the airways to successfully deliver their therapeutic nucleic acid payload to target cells in the underlying epithelium. However, the in vitro models used for evaluating gene carrier efficiency often disregard this viscous defensive barrier. In this study, the two mucus-secreting cell lines NCI-H292 and Calu-3 were selected to develop a series of epithelial models displaying gradual mucus production. In NCI-H292 models, a gradual increase in the MUC5AC mucin was obtained after cell exposure to inducers. In Calu-3 models, MUC5AC production increased as a function of culture duration (3, 7, 14 days) at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Six DOPC-derived cationic lipids were designed and their pDNA delivery activity was evaluated to validate these cellular models. The strongest impairment of the lipid delivery activity was observed in the Calu-3 14-d ALI model. The MUC5AC production in this model was the greatest and the mucus layer was 20 µm thick. The mucus exhibited a solid viscoelastic behaviour, and represented a major hindrance to lipoplex diffusion. The Calu-3 14-d ALI model will be highly useful for accurate evaluation of gene carriers intended for airway administration and characterization of their interactions with the mucus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sonntag
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Mickael Rapp
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Didier
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Luc Lebeau
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Françoise Pons
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France
| | - Anne Casset
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.
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Ewert KK, Scodeller P, Simón-Gracia L, Steffes VM, Wonder EA, Teesalu T, Safinya CR. Cationic Liposomes as Vectors for Nucleic Acid and Hydrophobic Drug Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1365. [PMID: 34575441 PMCID: PMC8465808 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic liposomes (CLs) are effective carriers of a variety of therapeutics. Their applications as vectors of nucleic acids (NAs), from long DNA and mRNA to short interfering RNA (siRNA), have been pursued for decades to realize the promise of gene therapy, with approvals of the siRNA therapeutic patisiran and two mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 as recent milestones. The long-term goal of developing optimized CL-based NA carriers for a broad range of medical applications requires a comprehensive understanding of the structure of these vectors and their interactions with cell membranes and components that lead to the release and activity of the NAs within the cell. Structure-activity relationships of lipids for CL-based NA and drug delivery must take into account that these lipids act not individually but as components of an assembly of many molecules. This review summarizes our current understanding of how the choice of the constituting lipids governs the structure of their CL-NA self-assemblies, which constitute distinct liquid crystalline phases, and the relation of these structures to their efficacy for delivery. In addition, we review progress toward CL-NA nanoparticles for targeted NA delivery in vivo and close with an outlook on CL-based carriers of hydrophobic drugs, which may eventually lead to combination therapies with NAs and drugs for cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai K. Ewert
- Materials, Physics, and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Departments, and Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; (V.M.S.); (E.A.W.)
| | - Pablo Scodeller
- Laboratory of Precision- and Nanomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14b, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (P.S.); (L.S.-G.)
| | - Lorena Simón-Gracia
- Laboratory of Precision- and Nanomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14b, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (P.S.); (L.S.-G.)
| | - Victoria M. Steffes
- Materials, Physics, and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Departments, and Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; (V.M.S.); (E.A.W.)
| | - Emily A. Wonder
- Materials, Physics, and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Departments, and Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; (V.M.S.); (E.A.W.)
| | - Tambet Teesalu
- Laboratory of Precision- and Nanomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14b, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (P.S.); (L.S.-G.)
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Cyrus R. Safinya
- Materials, Physics, and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Departments, and Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; (V.M.S.); (E.A.W.)
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7
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Calcium mediated DNA binding in non-lamellar structures formed by DOPG/glycerol monooleate. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 239:105118. [PMID: 34280362 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to test an encapsulation method of short fragmented DNA (∼ 20-300 bp), we study the solubilisation in 150 mM solution of NaCl of a cubic phase formed by glycerol monooleate (GMO) with negatively charged dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) up to the level of unilamellar vesicles and, subsequently, the restoration of the cubic phase using Ca2+ cations. We performed small angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS and SANS) to follow structural changes in DOPG/GMO mixtures induced by increasing DOPG content. The cubic phase (Pn3m space group) is preserved up to ∼ 11 mol% of DOPG in DOPG/GMO. Above 20 mol%, the SANS curves are typical of unilamellar vesicles. The thickness of the DOPG/GMO lipid bilayer (dL) decreases slightly with increasing fraction of DOPG. The addition of 15 mM of CaCl2 solution shields the electrostatic repulsions of DOPG molecules, increases slightly dL and restores the cubic structures in the mixtures up to ∼ 37 mol% of DOPG. Zeta potential shows negative surface charge. The analysis of the data provides the radius of the water nano-channels of the formed non-lamellar structures. We discuss their dimensions with respect to DNA binding. In addition, Ca2+ mediates DNA - DOPG/GMO binding. The formed hexagonal phase, HII, binds less of DNA in comparison with cubic phases (∼ 6 wt% and ∼ 20 wt% of the total amount, respectively). The studied system can be utilized as anionic QII delivery vector for genetic material.
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Busignies V, Arruda DC, Charrueau C, Ribeiro MCS, Lachagès AM, Malachias A, Finet S, Rehman AU, Bigey P, Tchoreloff P, Escriou V. Compression of Vectors for Small Interfering RNAs Delivery: Toward Oral Administration of siRNA Lipoplexes in Tablet Forms. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1159-1169. [PMID: 32125867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, most nonviral nucleic acid vectors are in the form of colloidal suspensions administered primarily parenterally. This type of formulation and the mode of administration impose strong constraints such as the size of the administered vectors or the production of sterile preparations. The tablet form provides access to easy oral administration, well accepted by patients; As regards nucleic acid vectors, a dry form represents an advance in terms of stability. Using an optimized lipid-based small interfering RNA-delivery system, we studied the tabletability of a liquid suspension of these vectors. We optimized the conditions of freeze-drying by choosing excipients and process, allowing for the conservation of both the gene-silencing efficacy of the formulated siRNAs and the supramolecular structure of the lipid particulate system. Gene-silencing efficacy was assayed on luciferase-expressing cells and the structure of the siRNA vector in freeze-dried and tablet forms was examined using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) synchrotron radiation. The freeze-dried powders were then mixed with excipients necessary for the good progress of the compression by allowing for a regular supply of the matrix and the reduction of friction. The compression was carried out using a rotary press simulator that allows for complete monitoring of the compression conditions. After compression, formulated siRNAs retained more than 60% of their gene-silencing efficacy. Within the tablets, a specific SAXS signal was detectable and the lamellar and cubic phases of the initial liquid suspension were restored after resuspension of siRNA vectors by disintegration of the tablets. These results show that the bilayer lipid structures of the particles were preserved despite the mechanical constraints imposed by the compression. If such a result could be expected after the freeze-drying step, it was never shown, to our knowledge, that siRNA-delivery systems could retain their efficacy and structure after mechanical stress such as compression. This opens promising perspectives to oral administration of siRNA as an alternative to parenteral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Busignies
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, Bordeaux INP, INRAE I2M, Bordeaux F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Danielle Campiol Arruda
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Université de Paris, UTCBS, CNRS, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Marcela Coelho Silva Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Université de Paris, UTCBS, CNRS, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Angelo Malachias
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Stéphanie Finet
- Sorbonne Université, IMPMC, CNRS, MNHN, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- Université de Paris, UTCBS, CNRS, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Bigey
- Université de Paris, UTCBS, CNRS, INSERM, F-75006 Paris, France.,PSL University, ChimieParisTech, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Tchoreloff
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, Bordeaux INP, INRAE I2M, Bordeaux F-33400, Talence, France
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9
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Mach M, Kowalska M, Olechowska K, Hąc-Wydro K, Wydro P. The influence of cationic lipoid - 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-ethylphosphocholine - on model lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183088. [PMID: 31676373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The triesters of phosphatidylcholine as the derivatives of natural phosphatidylcholines are less cytotoxic than the other cationic lipoids, therefore they can be applied in lipofection and in drug delivery. However, a successful and effective use of these compounds requires detailed information of their mechanism of action, which is probably highly complex and multi-stages. However, the first barrier in the way to cell and thus the first side of action of these compounds is the cellular membrane. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of one cationic lipoid, namely 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-ethylphosphocholine (EPOPC) on model POPC/SM/Chol = 1:1:1 membranes. The experiments were performed on monolayer and bilayer systems and they involved the surface pressure measurements, Brewster angle microscopy studies, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements and the experiments with the surfactant solution and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of DPH and TMA-DPH. Moreover, to perform the studies systematically also the properties of the binary (POPC/EPOPC, SM/EPOPC, Chol/EPOPC) and ternary (POPC/Chol/EPOPC, SM/Chol/EPOPC) model systems were investigated. The obtained results indicated that even low concentration of EPOPC alters properties and organization of model membranes. Namely, EPOPC makes the interactions in model membrane weaker and increases fluidity and permeability of the lipid system. Finally, based on these data it can be proposed that the mechanism of action of EPOPC in lipofection/drug delivery involves the modifications in membrane organization, which facilitates the incorporation of drug or other material into the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Mach
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kowalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Olechowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hąc-Wydro
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Wydro
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
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10
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Liskayová G, Hubčík L, Búcsi A, Fazekaš T, Martínez JC, Devínsky F, Pisárčik M, Hanulová M, Ritz S, Uhríková D. pH-Sensitive N, N-Dimethylalkane-1-amine N-Oxides in DNA Delivery: From Structure to Transfection Efficiency. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13382-13395. [PMID: 31537066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
pH-sensitive liposomes composed of homologues of series of N,N-dimethylalkane-1-amine N-oxides (CnNO, n = 8-18, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl substituent) and neutral phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) were prepared at two molar ratios (CnNO/DOPE = 0.4:1 and 1:1) and tested for their in vitro transfection activity. Several techniques (SAXS/WAXS, UV-vis, zeta potential measurements, confocal microscopy) were applied to characterize the system in an effort to unravel the relationship among the transfection efficiency, structure, and composition of the lipoplexes. The transfection efficiency of CnNO/DOPE for plasmid DNA in U2OS cells follows a quasi-parabolic dependence on CnNO's alkyl substituent length with a maximum at n = 16. The transfection efficiency of CnNO/DOPE (n = 12-18) lipoplexes was found to be higher than that of commercially available Lipofectamine 2000. C16NO/DOPE also positively transfected HEK 293T and HeLa cells. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) shows large structural diversity depending on the complex's composition and pH. Transfection efficiencies mediated by two structures, either a condensed lamellar (Lαc) or epitaxially connected Lαc and a condensed inverted hexagonal (HIIc) phase (Lαc & HIIc), were found to be very similar. The change in pH from acidic to neutral induces phase transition Lαc & HIIc → QII + Lα, with cubic phase QII of the Pn3m space group. QII detected in lipoplexes of most efficient composition CnNO/DOPE (n = 16 and 18) facilitates DNA release and promotes its internalization in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mária Hanulová
- Microscopy and Histology Core Facility at the Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB gGmbH) , Ackermannweg 4 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Sandra Ritz
- Microscopy and Histology Core Facility at the Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB gGmbH) , Ackermannweg 4 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
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11
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Hong SS, Thapa RK, Kim JH, Kim SY, Kim JO, Kim JK, Choi HG, Lim SJ. Role of zein incorporation on hydrophobic drug-loading capacity and colloidal stability of phospholipid nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:514-521. [PMID: 30096472 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Liposome, phosphatidylcholine nanoparticle (PC-NP), is an attractive colloidal carrier of hydrophobic drugs but its clinical development is often limited by low drug-loading capacity and the physical instability. Zein is a water-insoluble amphiphilic protein obtained from the corn. We herein investigated a possibility to develop zein-phosphatidylcholine hybrid nanoparticle (Z/PC-NP) as an advanced hydrophobic drug carrier. By employing the conventional liposome preparation method with the addition of zein, Z/PC-NP were produced. The extent of zein incorporation in PC-NP was affected by PC composition. DSC demonstrated the lowered phase transition temperature of PC by zein and FTIR showed the appearance of weakened but clear amide bonds of zein as well as increased levels of heterogeneous hydrogen bonding of Z/PC-NP compared to PC-NP. DLS, TEM and cryo-TEM studies suggested Z/PC-NP to be spherical nanoparticles composed of a zein core and a zein-PC hybrid shell. Z/PC-NP exhibited a higher loading capacity for hydrophobic model drugs (paclitaxel, docetaxel, celecoxib and curcumin), than did the zein nanoparticle and PC-NP, while exhibiting an intermediate drug release rate. The serum stability and the storage stability of Z/PC-NP were greater than those of PC-NP. Zein functioned as a cryoprotectant of PC-NP during freeze-drying. Z/PC-NP may provide a promising nanoparticle carrier of hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Seok Hong
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Raj Kumar Thapa
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Kim
- Immunotherapeutics Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ki Kim
- College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Lim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Tenchov B, Koynova R. Cubic phases in phosphatidylethanolamine dispersions: Formation, stability and phase transitions. Chem Phys Lipids 2017; 208:65-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Janich C, Hädicke A, Bakowsky U, Brezesinski G, Wölk C. Interaction of DNA with Cationic Lipid Mixtures-Investigation at Langmuir Lipid Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10172-10183. [PMID: 28873311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Four different binary lipid mixtures composed of a cationic lipid and the zwitterionic colipids DOPE or DPPC, which show different DNA transfer activities in cell culture models, were investigated at the soft air/water interface to identify transfection efficiency determining characteristics. Langmuir films are useful models to investigate the interaction between DNA and lipid mixtures in a two-dimensional model system by using different surface sensitive techniques, namely, epifluorescence microscopy and infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy. Especially, the effect of adsorbed DNA on the properties of the lipid mixtures has been examined. Distinct differences between the lipid composites were found which are caused by the different colipids of the mixtures. DOPE containing lipid mixtures form fluid monolayers with a uniform distribution of the fluorescent probe in the presence and absence of DNA at physiologically relevant surface pressures. Only at high nonphysiological pressures, the lipid monolayer collapses and phase separation was observed if DNA was present in the subphase. In contrast, DPPC containing lipid mixtures show domains in the liquid condensed phase state in the presence and absence of DNA in the subphase. The adsorption of DNA at the positively charged mixed lipid monolayer induces phase separation which is expressed in the morphology and the point of appearance of these domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Janich
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - André Hädicke
- CUO-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, and Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval , Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University Marburg , Ketzerbach 63, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Potsdam-Golm , Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Wölk
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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14
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Wölk C, Janich C, Bakowsky U, Langner A, Brezesinski G. Malonic acid based cationic lipids - The way to highly efficient DNA-carriers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 248:20-34. [PMID: 28842122 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cationic lipids play an important role as non-viral nucleic acid carriers in gene therapy since 3 decades. This review will introduce malonic acid derived cationic lipids as nucleic acid carriers which appeared in the literature dealing with lipofection 10years ago. The family of amino-functionalized branched fatty acid amides will be presented as well as different generations of malonic acid diamides. Both groups of cationic lipids yield lipid mixtures with highly efficient nucleic acid transfer activities in in-vitro cell culture models. The DNA transfer screening of lipid libraries with directed structural variations in the lipophilic as well as in the hydrophilic part of the amphiphiles yields structure/activity relationships. Furthermore, the detailed characterizations of selected lipid composites at the air/water interface and in bulk systems are summarized with regard to transfection determining physical-chemical properties. The findings are also discussed in comparison to results obtained with other families of cationic lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wölk
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany.
| | - Christopher Janich
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University Marburg, Robert-Koch-Straße 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Langner
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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15
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Reinhard S, Zhang W, Wagner E. Optimized Solid‐Phase‐Assisted Synthesis of Oleic Acid Containing siRNA Nanocarriers. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1464-1470. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sören Reinhard
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center of Nanoscience, CeNSLudwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center of Nanoscience, CeNSLudwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center of Nanoscience, CeNSLudwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich, NIM Schellingstr. 4 80799 München Germany
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16
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Hiwale AA, Voshavar C, Dharmalingam P, Dhayani A, Mukthavaram R, Nadella R, Sunnapu O, Gandhi S, Naidu VGM, Chaudhuri A, Marepally S, Vemula PK. Scaling the effect of hydrophobic chain length on gene transfer properties of di-alkyl, di-hydroxy ethylammonium chloride based cationic amphiphiles. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02271a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric hydrocarbon chains influence the efficiency of cationic lipids based liposomes in nucleic acid delivery. A systematic investigation of role of asymmetry in transfection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita A. Hiwale
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)
- Bengaluru 560065
- India
| | | | - Priya Dharmalingam
- Centre for Stem Cell Research
- Christian Medical College Campus
- Vellore 632002
- India
| | - Ashish Dhayani
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)
- Bengaluru 560065
- India
| | - Rajesh Mukthavaram
- Translational Neuro-oncology Laboratories
- Moores Cancer Center
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Rasajna Nadella
- Centre for Stem Cell Research
- Christian Medical College Campus
- Vellore 632002
- India
| | - Omprakash Sunnapu
- National Institute for Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Hyderabad 500018
- India
| | - Sivaraman Gandhi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)
- Bengaluru 560065
- India
| | - V. G. M. Naidu
- National Institute for Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Hyderabad 500018
- India
| | - Arabinda Chaudhuri
- Biomaterials Group
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)
- Bengaluru 560065
- India
- Centre for Stem Cell Research
- Christian Medical College Campus
| | - Praveen Kumar Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem)
- Bengaluru 560065
- India
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17
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Abstract
Lipids and nucleic acids (NAs) can hierarchically self-organize into a variety of nanostructures of increasingly complex geometries such as the 1D lamellar, 2D hexagonal, and 3D bicontinuous cubic phases. The diversity and complexity of those lipid-NA assemblies are interesting from a fundamental perspective as well as being relevant to the performance in gene delivery and gene silencing applications. The finding that not only the chemical make of the lipid-NA constructs, but their actual supramolecular organization, affects their gene transfection and silencing efficiencies has inspired physicists, chemists, and engineers to this field of research. At the moment it remains an open question how exactly the different lipid-NA structures interact with cells and organelles in order to output an optimal response. This article reviews our current understanding of the structures of different lipid-NA complexes and the corresponding cellular interaction mechanisms. The recent advances in designing optimal lipid-based NA carriers will be introduced with an emphasis on the structure-function relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjee Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
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18
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Janich C, Taßler S, Meister A, Hause G, Schäfer J, Bakowsky U, Brezesinski G, Wölk C. Structures of malonic acid diamide/phospholipid composites and their lipoplexes. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:5854-66. [PMID: 27328379 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00807k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As a continuation of previous work, the self-assembly process of cationic lipid formulations in the presence and absence of DNA was investigated with respect to binary lipid mixtures suitable as polynucleotide carrier systems. The lipid blends consist of one malonic-acid-based cationic lipid with a varying alkyl chain pattern, either N-{6-amino-1-[N-(9Z)-octadec-9-enylamino]-1-oxohexan-(2S)-2-yl}-N'-{2-[N,N-bis(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}-2-hexadecylpropandiamide () or N-[6-amino-1-oxo-1-(N-tetradecylamino)hexan-(2S)-2-yl]-N'-{2-[N,N-bis(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethyl}-2-hexadecylpropandiamide (), and one neutral co-lipid, either 1,2-di-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPE) or 1,2-di-(hexadecanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). Although the cationic lipids exhibit only slight differences in their structure, the DNA transfer efficiency varies drastically. Therefore, self-assembly was studied in 3D systems by small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as in 2D systems by infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) on Langmuir films. The investigated lipid mixtures show quite different self-assembly in the absence of DNA, with varying structures from vesicles (/DOPE; /DOPE) and tubes (/DOPE) to discoid structures (/DPPC; /DPPC). Twisted ribbons and sheets, which were stabilized due to hydrogen-bond networks, were found in all investigated lipid mixtures in the absence of DNA. The addition of DNA leads to the formation of lamellar lipoplexes for all the investigated lipid compositions. The lipoplexes differ in crucial parameters, such as the lamellar repeat distance and the spacing between the DNA strands, indicating differences in the binding strength between DNA and the lipid composition. The formation of associates with an ideal charge density might emerge as a key parameter for efficient DNA transfer. Furthermore, the structures observed for the different lipid compositions in the absence of DNA prepare the way for other applications besides gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Janich
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany. and Philipps University Marburg, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ketzerbach 63, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Taßler
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Gerd Hause
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Biocenter, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Jens Schäfer
- Philipps University Marburg, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ketzerbach 63, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Philipps University Marburg, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ketzerbach 63, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Wölk
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Saale, Germany.
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19
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Parvizi-Bahktar P, Mendez-Campos J, Raju L, Khalique NA, Jubeli E, Larsen H, Nicholson D, Pungente MD, Fyles TM. Structure–activity correlation in transfection promoted by pyridinium cationic lipids. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3080-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00041j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of transfection of a plasmid DNA promoted by a series of pyridinium lipids is correlated with molecular parameters of the lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - L. Raju
- Research Division
- Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar
- Education City
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - N. A. Khalique
- Research Division
- Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar
- Education City
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - E. Jubeli
- Research Division
- Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar
- Education City
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - H. Larsen
- Department of Physics
- University of Stavanger
- 4036 Stavanger
- Norway
| | - D. Nicholson
- Department of Chemistry
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology
- 7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - M. D. Pungente
- Premedical Unit
- Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar
- Education City
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - T. M. Fyles
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Victoria
- Victoria
- Canada
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20
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Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) represents a powerful modality for human disease therapy that can regulate gene expression signature using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Successful delivery of siRNA into the cytoplasm of target cells is imperative for efficient RNAi and also constitutes the primary stumbling block in the clinical applicability of RNAi. Significant progress has been made in the development of lipid-based siRNA delivery systems, which have practical advantages like simple chemistry and easy formulation of nanoparticles with siRNA. This review discusses the recent development of pH-sensitive amino lipids, with particular focus on multifunctional pH-sensitive amino lipids for siRNA delivery. The key components of these multifunctional lipids include a protonatable amino head group, distal lipid tails, and two cross-linkable thiol groups, which together facilitate the facile formation of stable siRNA-nanoparticles, easy surface modification for target-specific delivery, endosomal escape in response to the pH decrease during subcellular trafficking, and reductive dissociation of the siRNA-nanoparticles for cytoplasmic release of free siRNA. By virtue of these properties, multifunctional pH-sensitive lipids can mediate efficient cytosolic siRNA delivery and gene silencing. Targeted siRNA nanoparticles can be readily formulated with these lipids, without the need for other helper lipids, to promote systemic delivery of therapeutic siRNAs. Such targeted siRNA nanoparticles have been shown to effectively regulate the expression of cancer-related genes, resulting in significant efficacy in the treatment of aggressive tumors, including metastatic triple negative breast cancer. These multifunctional pH-sensitive lipids constitute a promising platform for the systemic and targeted delivery of therapeutic siRNA for the treatment of human diseases. This review summarizes the structure-property relationship of the multifunctional pH-sensitive lipids and their efficacy in in vitro and in vivo siRNA delivery and gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maneesh Gujrati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Amita Vaidya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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21
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Composites of malonic acid diamides and phospholipids — Impact of lipoplex stability on transfection efficiency. J Control Release 2015; 220:295-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Pierrat P, Lebeau L. Characterization of Titratable Amphiphiles in Lipid Membranes by Fluorescence Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12362-12371. [PMID: 26507074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the ionization behavior of lipid membranes is a key parameter for successful development of lipid-based drug delivery systems. Accurate determination of the ionization state of a titratable species incorporated in a lipid bilayer however requires special care. Herein we investigated the behavior of titratable lipids in liposomes by fluorescence spectroscopy and determined which extrinsic parameters-i.e., besides those directly related to their molecular structure-determine their ionization state. Two fluorescent dyes, TNS and R18, have been used to investigate basic and acidic titratable lipids, respectively. Our results suggest that the titration behavior of the ionizable lipid in the membrane is more sensitive to the composition of the membrane and to its physical state than to the presence of solutes in the aqueous phase. Essentially overlooked in earlier studies on ionizable lipid assemblies, the concentration of the titratable lipid in the membrane was found to have a major effect on the ionization state of the lipid polar head. This may result in a shift in the apparent pKa value which may be as large as two pKa units and cannot be satisfactorily predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Pierrat
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7199 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin - BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Luc Lebeau
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7199 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin - BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch, France
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23
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Wölk C, Janich C, Pawlowska D, Drescher S, Meister A, Hause G, Dobner B, Langner A, Brezesinski G. Lamellar versus Micellar Structures-Aggregation Behavior of a Three-Chain Cationic Lipid Designed for Nonviral Polynucleotide Transfer. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:2115-26. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Koynova R, Tenchov B, MacDonald RC. Nonlamellar Phases in Cationic Phospholipids, Relevance to Drug and Gene Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:130-138. [DOI: 10.1021/ab500142w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Koynova
- College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 517 Parks Hall, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Boris Tenchov
- College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 517 Parks Hall, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department
of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University−Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Robert C. MacDonald
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
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25
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Smrt ST, Draney AW, Lorieau JL. The influenza hemagglutinin fusion domain is an amphipathic helical hairpin that functions by inducing membrane curvature. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:228-38. [PMID: 25398882 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.611657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved N-terminal 23 residues of the hemagglutinin glycoprotein, known as the fusion peptide domain (HAfp23), is vital to the membrane fusion and infection mechanism of the influenza virus. HAfp23 has a helical hairpin structure consisting of two tightly packed amphiphilic helices that rest on the membrane surface. We demonstrate that HAfp23 is a new class of amphipathic helix that functions by leveraging the negative curvature induced by two tightly packed helices on membranes. The helical hairpin structure has an inverted wedge shape characteristic of negative curvature lipids, with a bulky hydrophobic region and a relatively small hydrophilic head region. The F3G mutation reduces this inverted wedge shape by reducing the volume of its hydrophobic base. We show that despite maintaining identical backbone structures and dynamics as the wild type HAfp23, the F3G mutant has an attenuated fusion activity that is correlated to its reduced ability to induce negative membrane curvature. The inverted wedge shape of HAfp23 is likely to play a crucial role in the initial stages of membrane fusion by stabilizing negative curvature in the fusion stalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T Smrt
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Adrian W Draney
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Justin L Lorieau
- From the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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26
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Jin S, Li S, Wang C, Liu J, Yang X, Wang PC, Zhang X, Liang XJ. Biosafe nanoscale pharmaceutical adjuvant materials. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2014; 10:2393-419. [PMID: 25429253 PMCID: PMC4242152 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2014.1898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to developments in the field of nanotechnology over the past decades, more and more biosafe nanoscale materials have become available for use as pharmaceutical adjuvants in medical research. Nanomaterials possess unique properties which could be employed to develop drug carriers with longer circulation time, higher loading capacity, better stability in physiological conditions, controlled drug release, and targeted drug delivery. In this review article, we will review recent progress in the application of representative organic, inorganic and hybrid biosafe nanoscale materials in pharmaceutical research, especially focusing on nanomaterial-based novel drug delivery systems. In addition, we briefly discuss the advantages and notable functions that make these nanomaterials suitable for the design of new medicines; the biosafety of each material discussed in this article is also highlighted to provide a comprehensive understanding of their adjuvant attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shengliang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Chongxi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Paul C. Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington DC 20060, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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27
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Silva JPN, Oliveira ACN, Lúcio M, Gomes AC, Coutinho PJG, Oliveira MECDR. Tunable pDNA/DODAB:MO lipoplexes: the effect of incubation temperature on pDNA/DODAB:MO lipoplexes structure and transfection efficiency. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 121:371-9. [PMID: 25023903 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB):1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (MO) cationic liposomes were reported as a promising alternative to common transfection agents, showing superior effectiveness on the transfection of the 293T mammalian cell line with pSV-β-gal plasmid DNA. The study of DODAB:MO aggregates in the absence of DNA has indicated that their morphology depends on the balance between DODAB's tendency to form bilayer structures and MO's propensity to form inverted non-lamellar structures. Other parameters, such as the temperature have proved to be crucial in the definition of the morphology of the developed nanocarrier. Therefore, in this work, a step forward to the current gene carrier system will be given by studying the effect of the tunable parameters (incubation temperature and MO content) on the structure of pDNA:DODAB:MO lipoplexes. More importantly, the implications that these tunable parameters could have in terms of lipoplex transfection efficiency will be investigated. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta (ζ) potential, cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and ethidium bromide (EtBr) exclusion were used to assess the formation, structure and destabilization of pDNA:DODAB:MO lipoplexes at DODAB molar fractions of (1:1) and above equimolarity (2:1, 4:1) prepared at incubation temperatures from 25 to 50°C. Experimental results indicate that pDNA:DODAB:MO's structure is sensitive to the lipoplex incubation temperature, resulting in particles of distinct size, superficial charge and structure. These variations are also visible on the complexation dynamics of pDNA, and subsequent release upon incubation with the model proteoglycan heparin (HEP), at 25 and 50°C. Increase in temperature leads to re-organization of DODAB and MO molecules within the liposomal formulation, causing a positive charge re-localization in the lipoplex surface, which not only alters its structure but also its transfection efficiency. Altogether, these results confirm that in the DODAB:MO carriers, an increase in the incubation temperature has a similar effect on aggregate morphology as the observed with an increase in MO content. This conclusion is extended to the pDNA:DODAB:MO lipoplexes morphology and subsequent transfection efficiency defining new strategies in lipoplexes preparation that could be used to modulate the properties of other lipid formulations for nonviral gene delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Neves Silva
- CFUM (Centre of Physics of the University of Minho), Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana C N Oliveira
- CFUM (Centre of Physics of the University of Minho), Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marlene Lúcio
- CFUM (Centre of Physics of the University of Minho), Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia C Gomes
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Paulo J G Coutinho
- CFUM (Centre of Physics of the University of Minho), Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - M Elisabete C D Real Oliveira
- CFUM (Centre of Physics of the University of Minho), Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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28
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Pierrat P, Laverny G, Creusat G, Wehrung P, Strub JM, VanDorsselaer A, Pons F, Zuber G, Lebeau L. Phospholipid-Detergent Conjugates as Novel Tools for siRNA Delivery. Chemistry 2013; 19:2344-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Loizeau D, Le Gall T, Mahfoudhi S, Berchel M, Maroto A, Yaouanc JJ, Jaffrès PA, Lehn P, Deschamps L, Montier T, Giamarchi P. Physicochemical properties of cationic lipophosphoramidates with an arsonium head group and various lipid chains: A structure–activity approach. Biophys Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Lindberg MF, Carmoy N, Le Gall T, Fraix A, Berchel M, Lorilleux C, Couthon-Gourvès H, Bellaud P, Fautrel A, Jaffrès PA, Lehn P, Montier T. The gene transfection properties of a lipophosphoramidate derivative with two phytanyl chains. Biomaterials 2012; 33:6240-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Zhen G, Hinton TM, Muir BW, Shi S, Tizard M, McLean KM, Hartley PG, Gunatillake P. Glycerol Monooleate-Based Nanocarriers for siRNA Delivery in Vitro. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:2450-7. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200662f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Zhen
- CSIRO Materials Science and
Engineering, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Tracey M. Hinton
- CSIRO Livestock Industries,
5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong Victoria 3219, Australia
| | - Benjamin W. Muir
- CSIRO Materials Science and
Engineering, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Shuning Shi
- CSIRO Livestock Industries,
5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong Victoria 3219, Australia
| | - Mark Tizard
- CSIRO Livestock Industries,
5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong Victoria 3219, Australia
| | - Keith M. McLean
- CSIRO Materials Science and
Engineering, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Patrick G. Hartley
- CSIRO Materials Science and
Engineering, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Pathiraja Gunatillake
- CSIRO Materials Science and
Engineering, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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32
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Tenchov B, Koynova R. Cubic phases in membrane lipids. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2012; 41:841-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-012-0819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Pierrat P, Creusat G, Laverny G, Pons F, Zuber G, Lebeau L. A Cationic Phospholipid-Detergent Conjugate as a New Efficient Carrier for siRNA Delivery. Chemistry 2012; 18:3835-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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34
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35
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Pullmannová P, Bastos M, Bai G, Funari SS, Lacko I, Devínsky F, Teixeira J, Uhríková D. The ionic strength effect on the DNA complexation by DOPC — gemini surfactants liposomes. Biophys Chem 2012; 160:35-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Zhang J, Fan H, Levorse DA, Crocker LS. Interaction of cholesterol-conjugated ionizable amino lipids with biomembranes: lipid polymorphism, structure-activity relationship, and implications for siRNA delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:9473-9483. [PMID: 21648950 DOI: 10.1021/la201464k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of siRNA is a major obstacle to the advancement of RNAi as a novel therapeutic modality. Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) consisting of ionizable amino lipids are being developed as an important delivery platform for siRNAs, and significant efforts are being made to understand the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the lipids. This article uses a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to evaluate the interaction between cholesterol-conjugated ionizable amino lipids and biomembranes, focusing on an important area of lipid SAR--the ability of lipids to destabilize membrane bilayer structures and facilitate endosomal escape. In this study, cholesterol-conjugated amino lipids were found to be effective in increasing the order of biomembranes and also highly effective in inducing phase changes in biological membranes in vitro (i.e., the lamellar to inverted hexagonal phase transition). The phase transition temperatures, determined using SAXS and DSC, serve as an indicator for ranking the potency of lipids to destabilize endosomal membranes. It was found that the bilayer disruption ability of amino lipids depends strongly on the amino lipid concentration in membranes. Amino lipids with systematic variations in headgroups, the extent of ionization, tail length, the degree of unsaturation, and tail asymmetry were evaluated for their bilayer disruption ability to establish SAR. Overall, it was found that the impact of these lipid structure changes on their bilayer disruption ability agrees well with the results from a conceptual molecular "shape" analysis. Implications of the findings from this study for siRNA delivery are discussed. The methods reported here can be used to support the SAR screening of cationic lipids for siRNA delivery, and the information revealed through the study of the interaction between cationic lipids and biomembranes will contribute significantly to the design of more efficient siRNA delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania, USA.
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37
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Adler AF, Leong KW. Emerging links between surface nanotechnology and endocytosis: impact on nonviral gene delivery. NANO TODAY 2010; 5:553-569. [PMID: 21383869 PMCID: PMC3048656 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2010.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Significant effort continues to be exerted toward the improvement of transfection mediated by nonviral vectors. These endeavors are often focused on the design of particulate carriers with properties that encourage efficient accumulation at the membrane surface, particle uptake, and endosomal escape. Despite its demonstrated importance in successful nonviral transfection, relatively little investigation has been done to understand the pressures driving internalized vectors into favorable nondegradative endocytic pathways. Improvements in transfection efficiency have been noted for complexes delivered with a substrate-mediated approach, but the reasons behind such enhancements remain unclear. The phenotypic changes exhibited by cells interacting with nano- and micro-featured substrates offer hints that may explain these effects. This review describes nanoscale particulate and substrate parameters that influence both the uptake of nonviral gene carriers and the endocytic phenotype of interacting cells, and explores the molecular links that may mediate these interactions. Substrate-mediated control of endocytosis represents an exciting new design parameter that will guide the creation of efficient transgene carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F. Adler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 136 Hudson Hall, Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 136 Hudson Hall, Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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38
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Tarahovsky YS. Cell transfection by DNA-lipid complexes — Lipoplexes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2010; 74:1293-304. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297909120013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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39
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Cationic lipids: molecular structure/ transfection activity relationships and interactions with biomembranes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 296:51-93. [PMID: 21504100 DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Synthetic cationic lipids, which form complexes (lipoplexes) with polyanionic DNA, are presently the most widely used constituents of nonviral gene carriers. A large number of cationic amphiphiles have been synthesized and tested in transfection studies. However, due to the complexity of the transfection pathway, no general schemes have emerged for correlating the cationic lipid chemistry with their transfection efficacy and the approaches for optimizing their molecular structures are still largely empirical. Here we summarize data on the relationships between transfection activity and cationic lipid molecular structure and demonstrate that the transfection activity depends in a systematic way on the lipid hydrocarbon chain structure. A number of examples, including a large series of cationic phosphatidylcholine derivatives, show that optimum transfection is displayed by lipids with chain length of approximately 14 carbon atoms and that the transfection efficiency strongly increases with increase of chain unsaturation, specifically upon replacement of saturated with monounsaturated chains.
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40
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Koynova R, Tenchov B, Wang L, Macdonald RC. Hydrophobic moiety of cationic lipids strongly modulates their transfection activity. Mol Pharm 2009; 6:951-8. [PMID: 19341312 DOI: 10.1021/mp8002573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic cationic lipids are widely used components of nonviral gene carriers, and the factors regulating their transfection efficiency are the subject of considerable interest. In view of the important role that electrostatic interactions with the polyanionic nucleic acids play in formation of lipoplexes, a common empirical approach to improving transfection has been the synthesis and testing of amphiphiles with new versions of positively charged polar groups, while much less attention has been given to the role of the hydrophobic lipid moieties. On the basis of data for approximately 20 cationic phosphatidylcholine (PC) derivatives, here we demonstrate that hydrocarbon chain variations of these lipids modulate by over 2 orders of magnitude their transfection efficiency. The observed molecular structure-activity relationship manifests in well-expressed dependences of activity on two important molecular characteristics, chain unsaturation and total number of carbon atoms in the lipid chains, which is representative of the lipid hydrophobic volume and hydrophilic-lipophilic ratio. Transfection increases with decrease of chain length and increase of chain unsaturation. Maximum transfection was found for cationic PCs with monounsaturated 14:1 chains. It is of particular importance that the high-transfection lipids strongly promote cubic phase formation in zwitterionic membrane phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). These remarkable correlations point to an alternative, chain-dependent process in transfection, not related to the electrostatic cationic-anionic lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Koynova
- Deptartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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41
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Koynova R. Lipid Phases Eye View to Lipofection. Cationic Phosphatidylcholine Derivatives as Efficient DNA Carriers for Gene Delivery. Lipid Insights 2008. [DOI: 10.4137/lpi.s864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient delivery of genetic material to cells is needed for tasks of utmost importance in laboratory and clinic, such as gene transfection and gene silencing. Synthetic cationic lipids can be used as delivery vehicles for nucleic acids and are now considered the most promising non-viral gene carriers. They form complexes (lipoplexes) with the polyanionic nucleic acids. A critical obstacle for clinical application of the lipid-mediated DNA delivery (lipofection) is its unsatisfactory efficiency for many cell types. Understanding the mechanism of lipid-mediated DNA delivery is essential for their successful application, as well as for rational design and synthesis of novel cationic lipoid compounds for enhanced gene delivery. According to the current understanding, the critical factor in lipid-mediated transfection is the structural evolution of lipoplexes within the cell, upon interacting and mixing with cellular lipids. In particular, recent studies with cationic phosphatidylcholine derivatives showed that the phase evolution of lipoplex lipids upon interaction and mixing with membrane lipids appears to be decisive for transfection success: specifically, lamellar lipoplex formulations, which were readily susceptible to undergoing lamellar-nonlamellar (precisely lamellar-cubic) phase transition upon mixing with cellular lipids, were found rather consistently associated with superior transfection potency, presumably as a result of facilitated DNA release subsequent to lipoplex fusion with the cellular membranes. Further, hydrophobic moiety of the cationic phospholipids was found able to strongly modulate liposomal gene delivery into primary human umbilical artery endothelial cells; superior activity was found for cationic phosphatidylcholine derivatives with two 14-carbon atom monounsaturated hydrocarbon chains, able to induce formation of cubic phase in membranes. Thus, understanding the lipoplex structure and the phase changes upon interacting with membrane lipids is important for the rational design and successful application of cationic lipids as superior nucleotide delivery agents.
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