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Ma X, Xu R, Chen J, Wang S, Hu P, Wu Y, Que Y, Du W, Cai X, Chen H, Guo J, Li TC, Ruan YC. The epithelial Na + channel (ENaC) in ovarian granulosa cells modulates Ca 2+ mobilization and gonadotrophin signaling for estrogen homeostasis and female fertility. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:398. [PMID: 39143495 PMCID: PMC11323461 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cells are essential to gonadotrophin-regulated estrogen production, female cycle maintenance and fertility. The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is associated with female fertility; however, whether and how it plays a role in ovarian cell function(s) remained unexplored. Here, we report patch-clamp and Na+ imaging detection of ENaC expression and channel activity in both human and mouse ovarian granulosa cells, which are promoted by pituitary gonadotrophins, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH). Cre-recombinase- and CRISPR-Cas9-based granulosa-specific knockout of ENaC α subunit (Scnn1a) in mice resulted in failed estrogen elevation at early estrus, reduced number of corpus luteum, abnormally extended estrus phase, reduced litter size and subfertility in adult female mice. Further analysis using technologies including RNA sequencing and Ca2+ imaging revealed that pharmacological inhibition, shRNA-based knockdown or the knockout of ENaC diminished spontaneous or stimulated Ca2+ oscillations, lowered the capacity of intracellular Ca2+ stores and impaired FSH/LH-stimulated transcriptome changes for estrogen production in mouse and/or human granulosa cells. Together, these results have revealed a previously undefined role of ENaC in modulating gonadotrophin signaling in granulosa cells for estrogen homeostasis and thus female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ruiyao Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junjiang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peijie Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanting Que
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wanting Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaojun Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinghui Guo
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tin Chiu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Chun Ruan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Hoirisch-Clapauch S. The Impact of Emotional Responses on Female Reproduction: Fibrinolysis in the Spotlight. Semin Thromb Hemost 2024. [PMID: 39029520 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Fibrinolytic enzymes modify various substrates required for tissue remodeling, playing a crucial role in mechanisms underlying resilience, reward processing, ovulation, embryo implantation, and placentation. Individuals with low resilience and reduced reward responsiveness, when exposed to chronic stress, are at increased risk of experiencing a range of negative emotions. Chronic anxiety and melancholia are examples of negative emotions associated with hypercortisolism, while fear and atypical depression are characterized by systemic inflammation. Both cortisol and inflammatory cytokines stimulate the production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a potent fibrinolysis inhibitor. Chronic anxiety, fear, and depression are among the many hypofibrinolytic conditions increasing the risk of oligo-anovulation, miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, and preeclampsia. Although significant, the impact of negative emotions on implantation is not as obvious as on ovulation or placentation. Other hypofibrinolytic conditions that may affect female reproduction through mechanisms dependent or independent of PAI-1 include metabolic disturbances (e.g., due to consumption of highly palatable foods, often used to alleviate negative affect), inflammation, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypothyroidism, hypercortisolism, antiphospholipid antibodies, and the 4G allele of the PAI-1 gene. Benzodiazepines and antidepressants should be used with caution in the first trimester as this combination may cause malformations. Also, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have fibrinolytic properties that increase the risk of bleeding after surgical procedures. Psychological interventions, especially group therapy, are effective in the prevention of reproductive disorders. Controlled trials are needed to test the hypothesis that female reproductive health depends on psychological well-being, a balanced diet and physical activity, suppression of inflammation and autoantibodies, and homocysteine and hormonal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Hoirisch-Clapauch
- Hematology Department, Vascular Medicine, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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3
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Tu S, Yu G, Ge F, Xu R, Jin Z, Xie X, Zhu D. Comparative transcriptomic characterization of the ovary in the spawning process of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Dev Growth Differ 2024; 66:274-284. [PMID: 38501505 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Oviposition is induced upon mating in most insects. Spawning is a physiological process that is fundamental for the reproduction of Scylla paramamosain. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the spawning process in this species are poorly understood. Herein, comprehensive ovary transcriptomic analysis was conducted at the germinal vesicle breakdown stage (GVBD), spawning stage, 0.5 h post-spawning stage, and 24 h post-spawning stage of S. paramamosain for gene discovery. A total of 67,230 unigenes were generated, and 27,975 (41.61%) unigenes were annotated. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the different groups were identified, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis was subsequently conducted. These results suggested that octopamine (OA) and tyramine (TA) could induce oviposition, while dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) inhibit oviposition. The 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and methyl farnesoate (MF) signal pathways might be positively associated with oviposition. Furthermore, numerous transcripts that encode neuropeptides and their G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as CNMamide, RYamide, ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH), GPA2/GPB5 receptor, and Moody receptor, appear to be differentially expressed during the spawning process. Eleven unigenes were selected for qRT-PCR and the pattern was found to be consistent with the transcriptome expression pattern. Our work is the first spawning-related investigation of S. paramamosain focusing on the ovary at the whole transcriptome level. These findings assist in improving our understanding of spawning regulation in S. paramamosain and provide information for oviposition studies in other crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisheng Tu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guohong Yu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fuqiang Ge
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhongwen Jin
- Ningbo Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Xi Xie
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dongfa Zhu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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4
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Geng T, Zheng M, Wang Y, Reseland JE, Samara A. An artificial intelligence prediction model based on extracellular matrix proteins for the prognostic prediction and immunotherapeutic evaluation of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1200354. [PMID: 37388244 PMCID: PMC10301747 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1200354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma is a malignant tumor originating from epithelial cells and one of the most common causes of death from gynecological cancers. The objective of this study was to develop a prediction model based on extracellular matrix proteins, using artificial intelligence techniques. The model aimed to aid healthcare professionals to predict the overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer (OC) and determine the efficacy of immunotherapy. Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas Ovarian Cancer (TCGA-OV) data collection was used as the study dataset, whereas the TCGA-Pancancer dataset was used for validation. The prognostic importance of 1068 known extracellular matrix proteins for OC were determined by the Random Forest algorithm and the Lasso algorithm establishing the ECM risk score. Based on the gene expression data, the differences in mRNA abundance, tumour mutation burden (TMB) and tumour microenvironment (TME) between the high- and low-risk groups were assessed. Results: Combining multiple artificial intelligence algorithms we were able to identify 15 key extracellular matrix genes, namely, AMBN, CXCL11, PI3, CSPG5, TGFBI, TLL1, HMCN2, ESM1, IL12A, MMP17, CLEC5A, FREM2, ANGPTL4, PRSS1, FGF23, and confirm the validity of this ECM risk score for overall survival prediction. Several other parameters were identified as independent prognostic factors for OC by multivariate COX analysis. The analysis showed that thyroglobulin (TG) targeted immunotherapy was more effective in the high ECM risk score group, while the low ECM risk score group was more sensitive to the RYR2 gene-related immunotherapy. Additionally, the patients with low ECM risk scores had higher immune checkpoint gene expression and immunophenoscore levels and responded better to immunotherapy. Conclusion: The ECM risk score is an accurate tool to assess the patient's sensitivity to immunotherapy and forecast OC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Geng
- Department of Biomaterials, FUTURE, Center for Functional Tissue Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mengxue Zheng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Janne Elin Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, FUTURE, Center for Functional Tissue Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Athina Samara
- Department of Biomaterials, FUTURE, Center for Functional Tissue Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Zhao L, Xiong C, Yang Y, Li Z, He K, Liu Q, He Z, Luo J, Zhang X, Li Z, Yang S. The protective effect of resveratrol on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) during out-of-season spawning. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108688. [PMID: 36935043 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In aquaculture production, out-of-season spawning is beneficial to solve the seasonal shortage of fry that are normally produced once annually by species such as largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), thereby implementing year-round fry production. Maintaining low temperature over a period of several months can delay largemouth bass ovarian development, but it can cause severe stress to their reproductive function, leading to decreased fertility during out-of-season spawning. Feeding with antioxidants is one of the most effective methods to alleviate the negative effects of low temperature stress. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to: (a) evaluate the changes in oocyte morphology, antioxidant capacity, reproductive hormone-related index, cell apoptosis and autophagy during the out-of-season spawning of largemouth bass, and (b) to investigate the protective effect of the antioxidant resveratrol on this fish during out-of-season spawning from May through August. The study was divided into two groups (three replicates per group, 2000 fish per replicate): control group (Control) (exposure to water temperature of 12-17 °C) and resveratrol supplementation group (Res) (exposure to water temperature of 12-17 °C and fed with 200 mg/kg resveratrol). The results show that: (1) The serum hormones LH and E2 increased first and then remained unchanged, and the ovarian section showed that the ovary remained in stage IV. (2) In the process of off-season reproduction, a large number of follicles experienced follicular atresia, accompanied by endoplasmic reticulum expansion, nuclear chromatin condensation and mitochondrial swelling, which was relieved after feeding resveratrol. (3) Resveratrol decreased the ovarian ROS content and improved the activities of CAT and other antioxidant enzymes in the ovary and liver to some extent. (4) Resveratrol reduced the level of pro-apoptotic (Bax, Caspase3, Caspase8, Caspase9) and autophagy-related components (LC3-B, Beclin-1) while increasing the transcription level of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) factors. These findings suggest that resveratrol alleviates some adverse effects of largemouth bass during out-of-season spawning to some extent and provide a model for efficient and high-quality out-of-season spawning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liulan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Chen Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Zhihong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Kuo He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Qiao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Zhiqiong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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6
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Li Q, Zhang K, Zhao X, Wang Y, Li J, Xie Y, Zhong H, Wang Q. miR-199-3p suppresses cellular migration and viability and promotes progesterone production in goose ovarian follicles before selection through regulating ITGB8 and other ECM-related genes. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:275-282. [PMID: 36598846 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2159788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
1. The extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes the basal lamina and the area between follicular cells. Remodelling the ECM is believed to be a key event in follicular development, especially during selection, and plays an important role in cell migration, survival, and steroidogenesis. miR-199-3p is differentially expressed in the goose granulosa layer during follicular selection and is reported to play a primary role in inhibiting cell migration and invasion. Nevertheless, the effect of miR-199-3p on ovarian follicles and its role in follicular cellular migration is not understood.2. In this study, qRT-PCR assays revealed that miR-199-3p was differentially expressed in the granulosa layer from goose ovarian follicles before and after follicular selection. Additionally, miR-199-3p overexpression in cultured granulosa cells (GCs) from goose pre-hierarchical follicles significantly suppressed cell viability and migration. It elevated the concentration of progesterone and the expression of key progesterone production genes. Furthermore, miR-199-3p overexpression in the GCs of goose pre-hierarchical follicles inhibited the expression of ECM-related genes (ITGB8, MMP9 and MMP15) yet promoted the expression of another two ECM-related genes (COL4A1 and LAMA1). Finally, dual-fluorescence reporter experiments on 293T cells established the direct targeting of ECM gene ITGB8 by miR-199-3p.3. In conclusion, miR-199-3p may participate in granulosa cell migration, viability, and steroidogenesis in goose ovarian follicles before selection by modulating ITGB8 and other ECM-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - K Zhang
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - X Zhao
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Y Wang
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - J Li
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Y Xie
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - H Zhong
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Q Wang
- Poultry Science Institute, Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement, Chongqing, P. R. China
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7
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Zhu Y. Metalloproteases in gonad formation and ovulation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 314:113924. [PMID: 34606745 PMCID: PMC8576836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in expression or activation of various metalloproteases including matrix metalloproteases (Mmp), a disintegrin and metalloprotease (Adam) and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motif (Adamts), and their endogenous inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases, Timp), have been shown to be critical for ovulation in various species from studies in past decades. Some of these metalloproteases such as Adamts1, Adamts9, Mmp2, and Mmp9 have also been shown to be regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) and/or progestin, which are essential triggers for ovulation in all vertebrate species. Most of these metalloproteases also express broadly in various tissues and cells including germ cells and somatic gonad cells. Thus, metalloproteases likely play roles in gonad formation processes comprising primordial germ cell (PGC) migration, development of germ and somatic cells, and sex determination. However, our knowledge on the functions and mechanisms of metalloproteases in these processes in vertebrates is still lacking. This review will summarize our current knowledge on the metalloproteases in ovulation and gonad formation with emphasis on PGC migration and germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhu
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
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8
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Baker SJC, Van Der Kraak G. ADAMTS1 is regulated by the EP4 receptor in the zebrafish ovary. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 311:113835. [PMID: 34181931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are a class of fatty-acid derived hormones that are essential in ovulation of teleosts, but their exact role remains unknown. One putative target of PGs in ovulation is regulation of the expression of members of the A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family, which are implicated in follicular rupture. This study investigated the regulation of ADAMTS, other proteases, and their inhibitors in response to treatment with PGE2 or PGF2α. Four members of the ADAMTS family, ADAMTS1, ADAMTS5, ADAMTS9, and ADAMTS16 were shown to be expressed in the ovary of zebrafish, but only adamts1 was upregulated in full-grown follicles following treatment with PGE2. Inhibitors of the PG receptors EP1 and EP2 had no effect on PGE2-stimulated adamts1 expression, while treatment of full-grown follicles with both PGE2 and GW627368x, an inhibitor of EP4 function, prevented the PGE2-induced increase in adamts1 expression. Treatment of full-grown follicles with the maturation-inducing hormone 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20β-P) in vitro had no effect on the expression of adamts1 mRNA. These findings suggest that expression of ADAMTS1 in zebrafish ovarian follicles is regulated by the prostaglandin PGE2 via the EP4 series prostaglandin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheridan J C Baker
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Glen Van Der Kraak
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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9
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Andreucci M, Provenzano M, Faga T, Michael A, Patella G, Mastroroberto P, Serraino GF, Bracale UM, Ielapi N, Serra R. Aortic Aneurysms, Chronic Kidney Disease and Metalloproteinases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:194. [PMID: 33573220 PMCID: PMC7912263 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metalloproteinases (MPs) are proteolytic enzymes involved in extracellular matrix deposition, regulation of cellular signals of inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Metalloproteinases are classified into three families: Matrix-MPs (MMPs), A-Disintegrin-and-Metalloprotease (ADAMs), and the A-Disintegrin-and-Metalloproteinase-with-Thrombospondin-1-like-Domains (ADAMTS). Previous studies showed that MPs are involved in the development of aortic aneurysms (AA) and, concomitantly, in the onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD has been, per se, associated with an increased risk for AA. The aim of this review is to examine the pathways that may associate MPs with CKD and AA. Several MMPs, such as MMP-2, -8, -9, and TIMP-1 have been shown to damage the AA wall and to have a toxic effect on renal tubular cells, leading to fibrosis. Similarly, ADAM10 and 17 have been shown to degrade collagen in the AA wall and to worsen kidney function via pro-inflammatory stimuli, the impairment of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, and the degradation of structural proteins. Moreover, MMP-2 and -9 inhibitors reduced aneurysm growth and albuminuria in experimental and human studies. It would be important, in the future, to expand research on MPs from both a prognostic, namely, to refine risk stratification in CKD patients, and a predictive perspective, likely to improve prognosis in response to targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Andreucci
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Graecia” University, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.A.); (T.F.); (A.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Michele Provenzano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Teresa Faga
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Graecia” University, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.A.); (T.F.); (A.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Ashour Michael
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Graecia” University, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.A.); (T.F.); (A.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Gemma Patella
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Graecia” University, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.A.); (T.F.); (A.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Pasquale Mastroroberto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.M.); (G.F.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Filiberto Serraino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.M.); (G.F.S.)
| | | | - Nicola Ielapi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, “Sapienza” University of Rome, I-00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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10
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Tokmakov AA, Stefanov VE, Sato KI. Dissection of the Ovulatory Process Using ex vivo Approaches. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:605379. [PMID: 33363163 PMCID: PMC7755606 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.605379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovulation is a unique physiological phenomenon that is essential for sexual reproduction. It refers to the entire process of ovarian follicle responses to hormonal stimulation resulting in the release of mature fertilization-competent oocytes from the follicles and ovaries. Remarkably, ovulation in different species can be reproduced out-of-body with high fidelity. Moreover, most of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways engaged in this process have been delineated using in vitro ovulation models. Here, we provide an overview of the major molecular and cytological events of ovulation observed in frogs, primarily in the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis, using mainly ex vivo approaches, with the focus on meiotic oocyte maturation and follicle rupture. For the purpose of comparison and generalization, we also refer extensively to ovulation in other biological species, most notoriously, in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasily E Stefanov
- Department of Biochemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ken-Ichi Sato
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Hoirisch-Clapauch S, Brenner B. The role of the fibrinolytic system in female reproductive disorders and depression. THROMBOSIS UPDATE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2020.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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12
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Zakiyanov O, Kalousová M, Zima T, Tesař V. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Renal Diseases: A Critical Appraisal. Kidney Blood Press Res 2019; 44:298-330. [PMID: 31185475 DOI: 10.1159/000499876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases within the metzincin protein family that not only cleave extracellular matrix (ECM) components, but also process the non-ECM molecules, including various growth factors and their binding proteins. MMPs participate in cell to ECM interactions, and MMPs are known to be involved in cell proliferation mechanisms and most probably apoptosis. These proteinases are grouped into six classes: collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane type MMPs, and other MMPs. Various mechanisms regulate the activity of MMPs, inhibition by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases being the most important. In the kidney, intrinsic glomerular cells and tubular epithelial cells synthesize several MMPs. The measurement of circulating MMPs can provide valuable information in patients with kidney diseases. They play an important role in many renal diseases, both acute and chronic. This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge of MMPs in the kidney and discusses recent data from patient and animal studies with reference to specific diseases. A better understanding of the MMPs' role in renal remodeling may open the way to new interventions favoring deleterious renal changes in a number of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Zakiyanov
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia,
| | - Marta Kalousová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vladimír Tesař
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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13
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Duffy DM, Ko C, Jo M, Brannstrom M, Curry TE. Ovulation: Parallels With Inflammatory Processes. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:369-416. [PMID: 30496379 PMCID: PMC6405411 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The midcycle surge of LH sets in motion interconnected networks of signaling cascades to bring about rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte during ovulation. Many mediators of these LH-induced signaling cascades are associated with inflammation, leading to the postulate that ovulation is similar to an inflammatory response. First responders to the LH surge are granulosa and theca cells, which produce steroids, prostaglandins, chemokines, and cytokines, which are also mediators of inflammatory processes. These mediators, in turn, activate both nonimmune ovarian cells as well as resident immune cells within the ovary; additional immune cells are also attracted to the ovary. Collectively, these cells regulate proteolytic pathways to reorganize the follicular stroma, disrupt the granulosa cell basal lamina, and facilitate invasion of vascular endothelial cells. LH-induced mediators initiate cumulus expansion and cumulus oocyte complex detachment, whereas the follicular apex undergoes extensive extracellular matrix remodeling and a loss of the surface epithelium. The remainder of the follicle undergoes rapid angiogenesis and functional differentiation of granulosa and theca cells. Ultimately, these functional and structural changes culminate in follicular rupture and oocyte release. Throughout the ovulatory process, the importance of inflammatory responses is highlighted by the commonalities and similarities between many of these events associated with ovulation and inflammation. However, ovulation includes processes that are distinct from inflammation, such as regulation of steroid action, oocyte maturation, and the eventual release of the oocyte. This review focuses on the commonalities between inflammatory responses and the process of ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Duffy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Misung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Mats Brannstrom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Stockholm IVF, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas E Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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14
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NADPH oxidase-generated reactive oxygen species in mature follicles are essential for Drosophila ovulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:7765-7770. [PMID: 29987037 PMCID: PMC6065002 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800115115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to regulate ovulation in mammals, but the details of ROS production in follicles and the role of ROS in ovulation in other species remain underexplored. In Drosophila ovulation, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) is required for follicle rupture by degradation of posterior follicle cells surrounding a mature oocyte. We recently demonstrated that MMP2 activation and follicle rupture are regulated by the neuronal hormone octopamine (OA) and the octopamine receptor in mushroom body (OAMB). In the current study, we investigated the role of the superoxide-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX) in Drosophila ovulation. We report that Nox is highly enriched in mature follicle cells and that Nox knockdown in these cells leads to a reduction in superoxide and to defective ovulation. Similar to MMP2 activation, NOX enzymatic activity is also controlled by the OA/OAMB-Ca2+ signaling pathway. In addition, we report that extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is required to convert superoxide to hydrogen peroxide, which acts as the key signaling molecule for follicle rupture, independent of MMP2 activation. Given that Nox homologs are expressed in mammalian follicles, the NOX-dependent hydrogen peroxide signaling pathway that we describe could play a conserved role in regulating ovulation in other species.
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Tremblay PG, Sirard MA. Transcriptomic analysis of gene cascades involved in protein kinase A and C signaling in the KGN line of human ovarian granulosa tumor cells†. Biol Reprod 2017; 96:855-865. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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16
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LEI X, CUI K, CAI X, REN Y, LIU Q, SHI D. Bone morphogenetic protein 1 is expressed in porcine ovarian follicles and promotes oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:258-266. [PMID: 27890905 PMCID: PMC5326928 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we tried to determine whether bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1) plays a role in ovarian follicular development and early embryo development. We systematically investigated the expression and influence of BMP1 during porcine follicle and early embryonic development. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the BMP1 protein is expressed in granular cells and oocytes during follicular development, from primary to pre-ovulatory follicles, including atretic follicles and the corpus luteum. The mRNA expression of BMP1 significantly increased as the porcine follicles grew. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that BMP1 was expressed in cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), oocytes and porcine embryos during early in vitro culture. qPCR and western blot analysis showed that the expression of BMP1 was significantly up-regulated in mature porcine oocytes and COCs compared to immature oocytes and COCs. BMP1 is expressed in early porcine embryos, and its expression reaches a peak at the 8-cell stage. To determine the effect of BMP1 on the maturation of oocytes and the development of early embryos, various concentrations of BMP1 recombinant protein or antibody were added to the in vitro culture media, respectively. BMP1 significantly affected the porcine oocyte maturation rate, the cleavage rate and the blastocyst development rate of embryos cultured in vitro in a positive way, as well as the blastocyst cell number. In conclusion, BMP1 is expressed throughout porcine ovarian follicle development and early embryogenesis, and it promotes oocyte maturation and the developmental ability of embryos during early in vitro culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocan LEI
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of
Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University,
Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Kuiqing CUI
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of
Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan CAI
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of
Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanping REN
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of
Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University,
Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingyou LIU
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of
Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Deshun SHI
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of
Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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ADAMTS-3, -13, -16, and -19 levels in patients with habitual abortion. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 33:30-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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18
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Variation in circulating antimüllerian hormone precursor during the periovulatory and acute postovulatory phases of the human ovarian cycle. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:1238-1243.e2. [PMID: 27362611 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the relative quantity of circulating AMH precursor (proAMH) declines relative to levels of the active form (AMHN,C) in the periovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle. DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING Local community. PATIENT(S) Sixteen women aged between 18 to 30 years with regular menstrual cycles between 25 to 35 days long. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum concentrations of proAMH and total AMH (proAMH and AMHN,C combined) measured by immunoassay, with relative levels of proAMH expressed as the AMH prohormone index (API = [ProAMH]/[Total AMH] × 100). RESULT(S) The mean API in the 11 eligible women fell from 20.7 during the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge period to 18.7 during the acute postsurge period. No statistically significant differences in the API were observed among samples taken at single time points in the early follicular, midfollicular, midluteal, and late luteal phases. CONCLUSION(S) This study suggests that activation of AMH by proteolytic enzymes is largely stable throughout the ovarian cycle. However, there is a subtle but robust decrease in the level of proAMH relative to AMHN,C in the acute postovulatory period. This may indicate that periovulatory increases in prohormone convertases cause increases in proAMH cleavage rates. Alternatively, rapid changes in the hierarchy of follicle developmental stages during ovulation may result in changes in the relative ratios of proAMH and AMHN,C.
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Characterization of Chicken MMP13 Expression and Genetic Effect on Egg Production Traits of Its Promoter Polymorphisms. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:1305-12. [PMID: 26966259 PMCID: PMC4856082 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.027755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracelluar matrix undergoes constant remodeling, cell–cell, and cell–matrix interactions during chicken ovarian follicle growth, which is coordinated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and their associated endogenous inhibitors (TIMPs). Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of MMP13 in sexually mature chicken ovaries. In this study, we found that the expression of MMP13 in chicken ovary was stably elevated from 60 d to 159 d, and was significantly higher at 159 d than at the other three developmental stages (P < 0.05). The expression of MMP13 mRNA increased from SW (small white follicles) to F5 (fifth largest follicles), then decreased to F1 (first largest follicles), and dramatically increased again in POF1 (newly postovulatory follicles) follicles (P < 0.05). The MMP13 protein was localized in stroma cells and primordial follicles of sexually immature chicken ovaries, in the theca cell layers of all sized follicles of sexually mature chicken ovaries. Furthermore, we identified a positive element (positions –1863 to –1036) controlling chicken MMP13 transcription, and, in this region, six single nucleotide polymorphisms were found and genotyped in chicken populations. In the White Recessive Rock population, hens with A–1356-C–1079/A–1356-C–1079 genotype had earlier “age at first laying” than those with G–1356-T–1079/G–1356-T–1079 genotype (P < 0.05), and exhibited significantly lower transcriptional activity (P < 0.01). Collectively, chicken MMP13 plays an important role in ovarian follicle growth and regression, and polymorphisms in its promoter region could be used as molecular markers for improving the trait “age at first laying” in chicken breeding.
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20
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Lima MA, da Silva SV, Freitas VM. Progesterone acts via the progesterone receptor to induce adamts proteases in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2016; 9:9. [PMID: 26916548 PMCID: PMC4766681 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-016-0219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian carcinomas, usually associated with sex hormones dysregulation, are the leading cause of gynecological neoplastic death. In normal ovaries, hormones play a central role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. On the other hand, hormonal alterations also play a variety of roles in cancer. Stimulation by sex hormones potentially affects gene expression, invasiveness, cell growth and angiogenesis. Proteases of the "a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs" (ADAMTS) family are secreted by different cell types and become involved in collagen processing, cleavage of the proteoglycan matrix, and angiogenesis. We evaluated whether sex hormones affect ADAMTS 1 and 4 expression in ovarian cancer cells. METHODS We analysed mRNA and protein levels in human ovarian tumor cells with different degrees of malignancy, NIH-OVCAR-3 and ES-2, that were treated or not with estrogen, testosterone and progesterone. RESULTS Our results suggest that progesterone increases ADAMTS protein and mRNA levels in the lysates from ES-2 cells, and it increases ADAMTS protein in the lysates and conditioned media from NIH-OVCAR-3. Progesterone effects were reversed by RU486 treatment. CONCLUSION We conclude that progesterone acts via the progesterone receptor to modulate ADAMTS 1 and 4 levels in ovarian cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra A Lima
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB), University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, Biomédicas 1, room 428, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Suély V da Silva
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB), University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, Biomédicas 1, room 428, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa M Freitas
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB), University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, Biomédicas 1, room 428, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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21
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Migone FF, Cowan RG, Williams RM, Gorse KJ, Zipfel WR, Quirk SM. In vivo imaging reveals an essential role of vasoconstriction in rupture of the ovarian follicle at ovulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:2294-9. [PMID: 26842836 PMCID: PMC4776534 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512304113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Rupture of the ovarian follicle releases the oocyte at ovulation, a timed event that is critical for fertilization. It is not understood how the protease activity required for rupture is directed with precise timing and localization to the outer surface, or apex, of the follicle. We hypothesized that vasoconstriction at the apex is essential for rupture. The diameter and blood flow of individual vessels and the thickness of the apical follicle wall were examined over time to expected ovulation using intravital multiphoton microscopy. Vasoconstriction of apical vessels occurred within hours preceding follicle rupture in wild-type mice, but vasoconstriction and rupture were absent in Amhr2(cre/+)SmoM2 mice in which follicle vessels lack the normal association with vascular smooth muscle. Vasoconstriction is not simply a response to reduced thickness of the follicle wall; vasoconstriction persisted in wild-type mice when thinning of the follicle wall was prevented by infusion of protease inhibitors into the ovarian bursa. Ovulation was inhibited by preventing the periovulatory rise in the expression of the vasoconstrictor endothelin 2 by follicle cells of wild-type mice. In these mice, infusion of vasoconstrictors (either endothelin 2 or angiotensin 2) into the bursa restored the vasoconstriction of apical vessels and ovulation. Additionally, infusion of endothelin receptor antagonists into the bursa of wild-type mice prevented vasoconstriction and follicle rupture. Processing tissue to allow imaging at increased depth through the follicle and transabdominal ultrasonography in vivo showed that decreased blood flow is restricted to the apex. These results demonstrate that vasoconstriction at the apex of the follicle is essential for ovulation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Endothelin-2/deficiency
- Endothelin-2/genetics
- Endothelin-2/physiology
- Female
- Intravital Microscopy
- Mice
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton
- Ovarian Follicle/blood supply
- Ovarian Follicle/diagnostic imaging
- Ovarian Follicle/physiology
- Ovulation/genetics
- Ovulation/physiology
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/deficiency
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology
- Receptors, Peptide/deficiency
- Receptors, Peptide/genetics
- Receptors, Peptide/physiology
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/deficiency
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/physiology
- Smoothened Receptor
- Ultrasonography
- Vasoconstriction/genetics
- Vasoconstriction/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando F Migone
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Robert G Cowan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Rebecca M Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Kiersten J Gorse
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Warren R Zipfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Susan M Quirk
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853;
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22
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Lei X, Cui K, Li Z, Su J, Jiang J, Zhang H, Liu Q, Shi D. BMP-1 participates in the selection and dominance of buffalo follicles by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2015; 85:999-1012. [PMID: 26778140 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BMP1/TLD-related metalloproteinases play a key role in morphogenesis via the proteolytic maturation of a number of extracellular matrix proteins and the activation of a subset of growth factors of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. Recent data indicated that BMP1 is expressed in sheep ovarian follicles and showed a protease activity. The aim of the present study was to characterize the function of the buffalo BMP1 gene in folliculogenesis. A 3195-bp buffalo BMP1 mRNA fragment was firstly cloned and sequenced, which contained a whole 2967-bp codon sequence. The multialigned results suggested that BMP1 is highly conserved among different species both at the nucleic acid and the amino acid level. BMP1 is located in the oogonium of the fetal buffalo ovary and in the granulosa cells (GCs) and the oocytes of adult ovary from the primordial to the large antral follicles. Further study showed that BMP1 promoted cell cycle and proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in IVC GCs. Adding BMP1 recombinant protein to the culture medium of the GCs increased the expression of the key cell cycle regulators such as cyclin D1 and cyclin D2 and downregulated the expression of cell apoptosis pathway genes such as Cytochrome C, Fas, FasL, and Chop, both at the mRNA and at the protein levels. It also upregulated the expression of PAPP-A, IGF system, and VEGF, and so forth, which play important roles in the selection and dominance of growth follicles. The opposite results were observed by adding BMP1 antibody to the investigation groups. This study suggests that BMP1 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of IVC GCs by changing the expression pattern of related genes and may potentially promote the selection and dominance of the buffalo follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocan Lei
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kuiqing Cui
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Su
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jianrong Jiang
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Haihang Zhang
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Deshun Shi
- Animal Science Department, Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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23
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Deady LD, Sun J. A Follicle Rupture Assay Reveals an Essential Role for Follicular Adrenergic Signaling in Drosophila Ovulation. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005604. [PMID: 26473732 PMCID: PMC4608792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovulation is essential for the propagation of the species and involves a proteolytic degradation of the follicle wall for the release of the fertilizable oocyte. However, the precise mechanisms for regulating these proteolytic events are largely unknown. Work from our lab and others have shown that there are several parallels between Drosophila and mammalian ovulation at both the cellular and molecular levels. During ovulation in Drosophila, posterior follicle cells surrounding a mature oocyte are selectively degraded and the residual follicle cells remain in the ovary to form a corpus luteum after follicle rupture. Like in mammals, this rupturing process also depends on matrix metalloproteinase 2 (Mmp2) activity localized at the posterior end of mature follicles, where oocytes exit. In the present study, we show that Mmp2 activity is regulated by the octopaminergic signaling in mature follicle cells. Exogenous octopamine (OA; equivalent to norepinephrine, NE) is sufficient to induce follicle rupture when isolated mature follicles are cultured ex vivo, in the absence of the oviduct or ovarian muscle sheath. Knocking down the alpha-like adrenergic receptor Oamb (Octoampine receptor in mushroom bodies) in mature follicle cells prevents OA-induced follicle rupture ex vivo and ovulation in vivo. We also show that follicular OA-Oamb signaling induces Mmp2 enzymatic activation but not Mmp2 protein expression, likely via intracellular Ca2+ as the second messenger. Our work develops a novel ex vivo follicle rupture assay and demonstrates the role for follicular adrenergic signaling in Mmp2 activation and ovulation in Drosophila, which is likely conserved in other species. Ovulation is the process of releasing fertilizable oocytes from the ovary and is essential for metazoan reproduction. Our recent work has demonstrated principles governing ovulation process that are highly conserved across species, such that both mammals and Drosophila utilize matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp) to degrade extracellular matrix and weaken the follicle wall for follicle rupture. However, a fundamental question remaining in the field is how Mmp activity is precisely regulated during ovulation. This paper reports that Drosophila octopamine (OA), the insect equivalent of norepinephrine (NE), is the signal to induce Mmp activity through activating its receptor Oamb on mature follicle cells and that this may induce ovulation. These findings allow us to develop the first ex vivo follicle rupture assay for Drosophila, which gives us unprecedented ability to characterize the entire follicle rupturing process ex vivo and to identify essential factors for ovulation. Furthermore, we show that NE partially fulfills OA’s role in inducing follicle rupture ex vivo, indicating that follicular adrenergic signal is a conserved signal to regulating Mmp activity and ovulation. Our work not only sheds light on the long-standing question of Mmp regulation, but also may lead to a better understanding of Mmp and NE linked pathological processes including cancer metastasis and polycystic ovary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lylah D. Deady
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Zhu G, Chen X, Mao Y, Kang L, Ma X, Jiang Y. Characterization of annexin A2 in chicken follicle development: Evidence for its involvement in angiogenesis. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 161:104-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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25
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McLennan IS, Pankhurst MW. Anti-Müllerian hormone is a gonadal cytokine with two circulating forms and cryptic actions. J Endocrinol 2015; 226:R45-57. [PMID: 26163524 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a multi-faceted gonadal cytokine. It is present in all vertebrates with its original function in phylogeny being as a regulator of germ cells in both sexes, and as a prime inducer of the male phenotype. Its ancient functions appear to be broadly conserved in mammals, but with this being obscured by its overt role in triggering the regression of the Müllerian ducts in male embryos. Sertoli and ovarian follicular cells primarily release AMH as a prohormone (proAMH), which forms a stable complex (AMHN,C) after cleavage by subtilisin/kexin-type proprotein convertases or serine proteinases. Circulating AMH is a mixture of proAMH and AMHN,C, suggesting that proAMH is activated within the gonads and putatively by its endocrine target-cells. The gonadal expression of the cleavage enzymes is subject to complex regulation, and the preliminary data suggest that this influences the relative proportions of proAMH and AMHN,C in the circulation. AMH shares an intracellular pathway with the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and growth differentiation factor (GDF) ligands. AMH is male specific during the initial stage of development, and theoretically should produce male biases throughout the body by adding a male-specific amplification of BMP/GDF signalling. Consistent with this, some of the male biases in neuron number and the non-sexual behaviours of mice are dependent on AMH. After puberty, circulating levels of AMH are similar in men and women. Putatively, the function of AMH in adulthood maybe to add a gonadal influence to BMP/GDF-regulated homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S McLennan
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michael W Pankhurst
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Deady LD, Shen W, Mosure SA, Spradling AC, Sun J. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 is required for ovulation and corpus luteum formation in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1004989. [PMID: 25695427 PMCID: PMC4335033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovulation is critical for successful reproduction and correlates with ovarian cancer risk, yet genetic studies of ovulation have been limited. It has long been thought that the mechanism controlling ovulation is highly divergent due to speciation and fast evolution. Using genetic tools available in Drosophila, we now report that ovulation in Drosophila strongly resembles mammalian ovulation at both the cellular and molecular levels. Just one of up to 32 mature follicles per ovary pair loses posterior follicle cells (“trimming”) and protrudes into the oviduct, showing that a selection process prefigures ovulation. Follicle cells that remain after egg release form a “corpus luteum (CL)” at the end of the ovariole, develop yellowish pigmentation, and express genes encoding steroid hormone biosynthetic enzymes that are required for full fertility. Finally, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (Mmp2), a type of protease thought to facilitate mammalian ovulation, is expressed in mature follicle and CL cells. Mmp2 activity is genetically required for trimming, ovulation and CL formation. Our studies provide new insights into the regulation of Drosophila ovulation and establish Drosophila as a model for genetically investigating ovulation in diverse organisms, including mammals. Sexual reproduction is thought to be a highly divergent process due to fast evolution and speciation. For example, sperm from one species can seldom fertilize eggs from another species, indicating that different molecular machinery for fertilization is applied in different species. In contrast to this divergent view, ovulation, the process of liberating mature eggs from the ovary, is a general phenomenon throughout the Metazoa. We provide evidence that basic mechanisms of ovulation are conserved. Like mammalian follicles, Drosophila follicles consist of single oocytes surrounded by a layer of follicle cells. Drosophila follicles degrade their posterior follicle cells to allow the oocyte to rupture into the oviduct during ovulation. The residual postovulatory follicles reside in the ovary, accumulate yellowish pigmentation, and produce the steroid hormone ecdysone, features which resemble the mammalian corpus luteum. We also showed that matrix metalloproteinase, a type of proteinase proposed to degrade the mammalian follicle wall during ovulation, is required in Drosophila for posterior follicle cell degradation and ovulation. These findings are particularly important because this simple genetic model system will speed up the identification of many conserved regulators required for regulating matrix metalloproteinase activity and ovulation in human, processes that influence ovarian cancer formation and cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lylah D. Deady
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Sarah A. Mosure
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Allan C. Spradling
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Research Laboratories, Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ACS); (JS)
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ACS); (JS)
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Hummitzsch K, Anderson RA, Wilhelm D, Wu J, Telfer EE, Russell DL, Robertson SA, Rodgers RJ. Stem cells, progenitor cells, and lineage decisions in the ovary. Endocr Rev 2015; 36:65-91. [PMID: 25541635 PMCID: PMC4496428 DOI: 10.1210/er.2014-1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Exploring stem cells in the mammalian ovary has unleashed a Pandora's box of new insights and questions. Recent evidence supports the existence of stem cells of a number of the different cell types within the ovary. The evidence for a stem cell model producing mural granulosa cells and cumulus cells is strong, despite a limited number of reports. The recent identification of a precursor granulosa cell, the gonadal ridge epithelial-like cell, is exciting and novel. The identification of female germline (oogonial) stem cells is still very new and is currently limited to just a few species. Their origins and physiological roles, if any, are unknown, and their potential to produce oocytes and contribute to follicle formation in vivo lacks robust evidence. The precursor of thecal cells remains elusive, and more compelling data are needed. Similarly, claims of very small embryonic-like cells are also preliminary. Surface epithelial cells originating from gonadal ridge epithelial-like cells and from the mesonephric epithelium at the hilum of the ovary have also been proposed. Another important issue is the role of the stroma in guiding the formation of the ovary, ovigerous cords, follicles, and surface epithelium. Immune cells may also play key roles in developmental patterning, given their critical roles in corpora lutea formation and regression. Thus, while the cellular biology of the ovary is extremely important for its major endocrine and fertility roles, there is much still to be discovered. This review draws together the current evidence and perspectives on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Hummitzsch
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.H., D.L.R., S.A.R., R.J.R.), School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 5005; Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health (R.A.A.), The University of Edinburgh, The Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology (D.W.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3800; Bio-X Institutes (J.W.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; and Institute of Cell Biology and Centre for Integrative Physiology (E.E.T), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XE, United Kingdom
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Oike Y, Kadomatsu T, Endo M. The role of ANGPTL2-induced chronic inflammation in lifestyle diseases and cancer. Inflamm Regen 2015. [DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.35.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Endo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Ogiwara K, Hagiwara A, Rajapakse S, Takahashi T. The Role of Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Follicle Rupture During Ovulation in the Teleost Medaka1. Biol Reprod 2015; 92:10. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.121442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Rodriguez D, Sanders EN, Farell K, Langenbacher AD, Taketa DA, Hopper MR, Kennedy M, Gracey A, De Tomaso AW. Analysis of the basal chordate Botryllus schlosseri reveals a set of genes associated with fertility. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:1183. [PMID: 25542255 PMCID: PMC4523013 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gonad differentiation is an essential function for all sexually reproducing species, and many aspects of these developmental processes are highly conserved among the metazoa. The colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri is a chordate model organism which offers two unique traits that can be utilized to characterize the genes underlying germline development: a colonial life history and variable fertility. These properties allow individual genotypes to be isolated at different stages of fertility and gene expression can be characterized comprehensively. Results Here we characterized the transcriptome of both fertile and infertile colonies throughout blastogenesis (asexual development) using differential expression analysis. We identified genes (as few as 7 and as many as 647) regulating fertility in Botryllus at each stage of blastogenesis. Several of these genes appear to drive gonad maturation, as they are expressed by follicle cells surrounding both testis and oocyte precursors. Spatial and temporal expression of differentially expressed genes was analyzed by in situ hybridization, confirming expression in developing gonads. Conclusion We have identified several genes expressed in developing and mature gonads in B. schlosseri. Analysis of genes upregulated in fertile animals suggests a high level of conservation of the mechanisms regulating fertility between basal chordates and vertebrates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1183) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delany Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Erin N Sanders
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Kelsea Farell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Adam D Langenbacher
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Daryl A Taketa
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Michelle Rae Hopper
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Morgan Kennedy
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Andrew Gracey
- Department of Marine Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Anthony W De Tomaso
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
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Induction of proteinases in the human preovulatory follicle of the menstrual cycle by human chorionic gonadotropin. Fertil Steril 2014; 103:826-33. [PMID: 25516084 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the temporal expression in granulosa and theca cells of key members of the MMP and ADAMTS families across the periovulatory period in women to gain insight into their possible roles during ovulation and early luteinization. DESIGN Experimental prospective clinical study and laboratory-based investigation. SETTING University medical center and private IVF center. ANIMAL AND PATIENT(S) Thirty-eight premenopausal women undergoing surgery for tubal ligation and six premenopausal women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques. INTERVENTION(S) Administration of hCG and harvesting of follicles by laparoscopy and collection of granulosa-lutein cells at oocyte retrieval. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Expression of mRNA for matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) and the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-like motifs (ADAMTS) in human granulosa cells and theca cells collected across the periovulatory period of the menstrual cycle and in cultured granulosa-lutein cells after hCG. Localization of MMPs and ADAMTSs by immunohistochemistry. RESULT(S) Expression of MMP1 and MMP19 mRNA increased in both granulosa and theca cells after hCG administration. ADAMTS1 and ADAMTS9 mRNA increased in granulosa cells after hCG treatment, however, thecal cell expression for ADAMTS1 was unchanged, while ADAMTS9 expression was decreased. Expression of MMP8 and MMP13 mRNA was unchanged. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the localization of MMP1, MMP19, ADAMTS1, and ADAMTS9 to the granulosa and thecal cell layers. CONCLUSION(S) The collection of the dominant follicle throughout the periovulatory period has allowed the identification of proteolytic remodeling enzymes in the granulosa and theca compartments that may be critically involved in human ovulation. These proteinases may work in concert to regulate breakdown of the follicular wall and release of the oocyte.
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Demircan K, Cömertoğlu İ, Akyol S, Yiğitoğlu BN, Sarıkaya E. A new biological marker candidate in female reproductive system diseases: Matrix metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS). J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2014; 15:250-5. [PMID: 25584036 DOI: 10.5152/jtgga.2014.14206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Playing a key role in the pathophysiology of many diseases, A Disintegrin-like and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin type-1 motif (ADAMTS) proteinases have been attracted more attention in obstetrics and gynecology. First discovered in 1997, this zinc-dependent proteinase family has 19 members today. These enzymes, which are located in the extracellular matrix (ECM), have a lot of very important functions, like matrix formation and resorption, angiogenesis, ovulation, and coagulation. In addition, in the pathogenesis of cancer, inflammation, arthritis, and connective tissue diseases, ADAMTS proteinases have crucial roles. The purpose of this review is to collect previous studies about obstetrics and gynecology that are related to ADAMTS enzymes and discuss the subject in many aspects to give an idea to the investigators who are interested in the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Demircan
- Department of Medical Biology, Turgut Özal University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İsmail Cömertoğlu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Turgut Özal University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sümeyya Akyol
- Department of Medical Biology, Turgut Özal University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beyza Nur Yiğitoğlu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Turgut Özal University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esma Sarıkaya
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Cryptorchidism and infertility in rats with targeted disruption of the Adamts16 locus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100967. [PMID: 24983376 PMCID: PMC4077762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin motifs16 (ADAMTS-16) is a member of a family of metalloproteinases. Using a novel zinc-finger nuclease based gene-edited rat model harboring a targeted mutation of the Adamts16 locus, we previously reported this gene to be linked to blood pressure regulation. Here we document our observation with this model that Adamts16 is essential for normal development of the testis. Absence of Adamts16 in the homozygous Adamts16mutant males resulted in cryptorchidism and male sterility. Heterozygous Adamts16mutant males were normal, indicating that this is a recessive trait. Testes of homozygous Adamts16mutant males were significantly smaller with significant histological changes associated with the lack of sperm production. Temporal histological assessments of the testis demonstrated that the seminiferous tubules did not support active spermatogenesis, but progressively lost germ cells, accumulated vacuoles and did not have any sperm. These observations, taken together with our previous report of renal abnormalities observed with the same Adamts16mutant rats, suggest an important mechanistic link between Adamts16 and the functioning of the male genitourinary system.
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Kadomatsu T, Endo M, Miyata K, Oike Y. Diverse roles of ANGPTL2 in physiology and pathophysiology. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:245-54. [PMID: 24746520 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stresses based on aging and lifestyle can cause tissue damage. Repair of damage by tissue remodeling is often meditated by communications between parenchymal and stromal cells via cell-cell contact or humoral factors. However, loss of tissue homeostasis leads to chronic inflammation and pathological tissue remodeling. Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) maintains tissue homeostasis by promoting adaptive inflammation and subsequent tissue reconstruction, whereas excess ANGPTL2 activation induced by prolonged stress promotes breakdown of tissue homeostasis due to chronic inflammation and irreversible tissue remodeling, promoting development of various metabolic diseases. Thus, it is important to define how ANGPTL2 signaling is regulated in order to understand mechanisms underlying disease development. Here, we focus on ANGPTL2 function in physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Endo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan.
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Zhu G, Kang L, Wei Q, Cui X, Wang S, Chen Y, Jiang Y. Expression and regulation of MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9 in the chicken ovary in response to gonadotropins, sex hormones, and TGFB1. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:57. [PMID: 24451989 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.114249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a specific class of proteolytic enzymes that play critical roles in follicular development and luteinization in mammals. However, the role of MMPs in avian ovary remains largely unknown. We found that three MMP genes (MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9) were significantly up-regulated in 23-wk-old (laying phase) chicken ovaries compared with 6-wk-old ovaries (prepubertal phase). In reproductively active chicken ovary, MMP1 expression (both mRNA and protein) remained low in prehierarchical and preovulatory follicles but increased in postovulatory follicles (POFs). Both MMP3 and MMP9 expression levels increased during follicular maturation. MMP3 reached maximal expression in the first largest follicle (F1), while MMP9 levels continued to rise in POF1 and POF2 after ovulation. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and zymography experiments indicated that MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9 were synthesized and secreted by granulosa cells of different follicles in the chicken ovary. The mRNA expression of MMP1 and MMP3 in the granulosa cells was stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and estrogen but not by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1). However, the mRNA of MMP9 was induced by TGFB1 but not follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, or estrogen. Luciferase reporter and mutagenesis analysis indicated the AP1 and NFkappaB elements located in the promoter region from -1700 to -2400 bp were critical for both basal and TGFB1-induced MMP9 transcription. These data provide the first spatial-temporal expression analysis of MMP system in the chicken ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyu Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Castronovo C, Rossetti R, Rusconi D, Recalcati MP, Cacciatore C, Beccaria E, Calcaterra V, Invernizzi P, Larizza D, Finelli P, Persani L. Gene dosage as a relevant mechanism contributing to the determination of ovarian function in Turner syndrome. Hum Reprod 2013; 29:368-79. [PMID: 24324027 PMCID: PMC3896225 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the burden of X chromosome mosaicism in the occurrence of spontaneous menarche (SM) in Turner syndrome (TS)? SUMMARY ANSWER SM was significantly associated with X chromosome mosaicism in the TS patients; a mosaicism with around 10% euploid cell line may predict spontaneous pubertal development when determined by molecular-cytogenetic techniques on uncultivated tissues. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Spontaneous puberty can be observed in a minority of patients with TS, more frequently, but not exclusively, in those with a high level of 46,XX/45,X mosaicism at standard karyotype. The genetic mechanisms contributing to ovarian function in TS patients are still not determined. However, submicroscopic X-linked and autosomal copy number variations (CNVs) have recently emerged as an important genetic risk category for premature ovarian insufficiency and may be involved in modulating the TS ovarian phenotype. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A group of 40 patients with a diagnosis of TS at conventional karyotyping participated in the study; 6 patients had SM and 34 patients had primary amenorrhoea (PA). All clinical data and the patients’ DNA samples were collected over the years at a single paediatric clinic. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The patients' samples were used to perform both genetic (Copy Number Assay) and molecular-cytogenetic (array-CGH and iFISH, interphase-FISH) analyses in order to evaluate the X chromosome mosaicism rate and to detect possible rare CNVs of genes with a known or predicted role in female fertility. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE All TS patients showed variable percentages of the 46,XX lineage, but these percentages were higher in the SM group (P < 0.01). A mosaicism around 10% for the euploid cell line may predict spontaneous pubertal development when determined by molecular-cytogenetic techniques performed in uncultivated tissues. A few CNVs involving autosomal and X-linked ovary-related loci were identified by array-CGH analysis and confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR, including a BMP15 gene duplication at Xp11.22, a deletion interrupting the PAPPA gene at 9q33.1, and an intragenic duplication involving the PDE8A gene at 15q25.3. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a pilot study on a relatively small sample size and confirmation in larger TS cohorts may be required. The ovarian tissue could not be studied in any patients and in a subgroup of patients, the mosaicism was estimated in tissues of different embryonic origin. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The combined determination of X chromosome mosaicism by molecular and molecular-cytogenetic techniques may become useful for the prediction of SM in TS. The detection of CNVs in both X-linked and autosomal ovary-related genes further suggests gene dosage as a relevant mechanism contributing to the ovarian phenotype of TS patients. These CNVs may pinpoint novel candidates relevant to female fertility and generate further insights into the mechanisms contributing to ovarian function. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by Telethon Foundation (grant no: GGP09126 to L.P.), the Italian Ministry of the University and Research (grant number: 2006065999 to P.F.) and a Ministry of Health grant ‘Ricerca Corrente’ to IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano (grant number: 08C704-2006). The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Castronovo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Lab, IRCSS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
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A methodological and functional proteomic approach of human follicular fluid en route for oocyte quality evaluation. J Proteomics 2013; 90:61-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sayasith K, Lussier J, Sirois J. Molecular characterization and transcriptional regulation of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 1 (ADAMTS1) in bovine preovulatory follicles. Endocrinology 2013; 154:2857-69. [PMID: 23751874 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ovulatory process involves a complex remodeling of the extracellular matrix during which a desintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 1 (ADAMTS1) is thought to play a key role, but its transcriptional regulation in bovine follicles remains largely unknown. The objectives of this study were to characterize the regulation of ADAMTS1 in bovine follicles before ovulation and to determine its transcriptional control in bovine granulosa cells. Regulation of ADAMTS1 was assessed using total RNA isolated from bovine preovulatory follicles obtained at various times after human chorionic gonadotropin treatment. Results from RT-PCR analyses showed that levels of ADAMTS1 mRNA were very low at 0 hours but increased at 6 to 24 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin in granulosa cells. To determine the regulatory mechanisms controlling ADAMTS1 gene expression in vitro, primary cultures of bovine granulosa cells were established, and treatment with forskolin up-regulated ADAMTS1 mRNA levels. Promoter activity assays, 5'-deletion, and site-directed mutagenesis identified a minimal region conferring full-length basal and forskolin-stimulated ADAMTS1 promoter activities, with both being dependent on Ebox cis-acting elements. EMSAs revealed upstream stimulating factor (USF) proteins as key trans-activating factors interacting with Ebox. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed such interactions between USF and Ebox in vivo, and USF binding to Ebox elements was increased by forskolin treatment. ADAMTS1 promoter activity and mRNA expression were increased by forskolin and overexpression of the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A, but not by cotreatment with inhibitors of protein kinase A, ERK1/2, and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways. Furthermore, treatment with a soluble epidermal growth factor induced ADAMTS1 mRNA expression in granulosa cells. Collectively, results from this study describe the gonadotropin/forskolin-dependent up-regulation of ADAMTS1 mRNA in granulosa cells of bovine preovulatory follicles in vivo and in vitro and identify for the first time some of the molecular mechanisms responsible for ADAMTS1 promoter activation in follicular cells of a large monoovulatory species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khampoun Sayasith
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale and the Département de Biomédecine, Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 7C6, Canada.
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Takahashi T, Fujimori C, Hagiwara A, Ogiwara K. Recent Advances in the Understanding of Teleost Medaka Ovulation: The Roles of Proteases and Prostaglandins. Zoolog Sci 2013; 30:239-47. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.30.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ogiwara K, Minagawa K, Takano N, Kageyama T, Takahashi T. Apparent Involvement of Plasmin in Early-Stage Follicle Rupture During Ovulation in Medaka1. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:113. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.093880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Akison LK, Alvino ER, Dunning KR, Robker RL, Russell DL. Transient Invasive Migration in Mouse Cumulus Oocyte Complexes Induced at Ovulation by Luteinizing Hormone1. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:125. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.097345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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McCord LA, Li F, Rosewell KL, Brännström M, Curry TE. Ovarian expression and regulation of the stromelysins during the periovulatory period in the human and the rat. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:78. [PMID: 22116802 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.095588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are postulated to facilitate follicular rupture. In the present study, expression of the stromelysins (MMP3, MMP10, MMP11) was analyzed in the periovulatory human and rat ovary. Human granulosa and theca cells were collected from the dominant follicle at various times after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Intact rat ovaries, granulosa cells, and residual tissue (tissue remaining after granulosa cell collection) were isolated from equine CG (eCG)-hCG-primed animals. Mmp10 mRNA was highly induced in human granulosa and theca cells and intact rat ovaries, granulosa cells, and residual tissue. Localization of MMP10 to granulosa and theca cells in both human and rat ovarian follicles was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Mmp3 mRNA was unchanged in human cells and rat granulosa cells, but increased in intact rat ovaries and residual tissue. Mmp11 mRNA decreased following hCG treatment in human granulosa and theca cells as well as rat granulosa cells. Regulation of Mmp10 in cultured rat granulosa cells revealed that the EGF inhibitor AG1478 and the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486 suppressed the induction of Mmp10 mRNA, whereas the prostaglandin inhibitor NS398 had no effect. Studies on the Mmp10 promoter demonstrated that forskolin plus PMA stimulated promoter activity, which was dependent upon a proximal AP1 site. In conclusion, there are divergent patterns of stromelysin expression associated with ovulation, with a marked induction of Mmp10 mRNA and a decrease in Mmp11 mRNA, yet a species-dependent pattern on Mmp3 mRNA expression. The induction of Mmp10 expression suggests an important role for this MMP in the follicular changes associated with ovulation and subsequent luteinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A McCord
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0298, USA
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García V, Kohen P, Maldonado C, Sierralta W, Muñoz A, Villarroel C, Strauss JF, Devoto L. Transient expression of progesterone receptor and cathepsin-l in human granulosa cells during the periovulatory period. Fertil Steril 2012; 97:707-13.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Stanton H, Melrose J, Little CB, Fosang AJ. Proteoglycan degradation by the ADAMTS family of proteinases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1812:1616-29. [PMID: 21914474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans are key components of extracellular matrices, providing structural support as well as influencing cellular behaviour in physiological and pathological processes. The diversity of proteoglycan function reported in the literature is equally matched by diversity in proteoglycan structure. Members of the ADAMTS (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin motifs) family of enzymes degrade proteoglycans and thereby have the potential to alter tissue architecture and regulate cellular function. In this review, we focus on ADAMTS enzymes that degrade the lectican and small leucine-rich repeat families of proteoglycans. We discuss the known ADAMTS cleavage sites and the consequences of cleavage at these sites. We illustrate our discussion with examples from the literature in which ADAMTS proteolysis of proteoglycans makes profound changes to tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Stanton
- University of Melbourne, Department of Paediatrics, Australia.
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Van Vaerenbergh I, Fatemi H, Blockeel C, Van Lommel L, In’t Veld P, Schuit F, Kolibianakis E, Devroey P, Bourgain C. Progesterone rise on HCG day in GnRH antagonist/rFSH stimulated cycles affects endometrial gene expression. Reprod Biomed Online 2011; 22:263-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Xu F, Stouffer RL, Müller J, Hennebold JD, Wright JW, Bahar A, Leder G, Peters M, Thorne M, Sims M, Wintermantel T, Lindenthal B. Dynamics of the transcriptome in the primate ovulatory follicle. Mol Hum Reprod 2010; 17:152-65. [PMID: 21036944 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaq089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments were designed to evaluate changes in the transcriptome (mRNA levels) in the ovulatory, luteinizing follicle of rhesus monkeys, using a controlled ovulation model that permits analysis of the naturally selected, dominant follicle at specific intervals (0, 12, 24 and 36 h) after exposure to an ovulatory (exogenous hCG) stimulus during the menstrual cycle. Total RNA was prepared from individual follicles (n= 4-8/timepoint), with an aliquot used for microarray analysis (Affymetrix Rhesus Macaque Genome Array) and the remainder applied to quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) assays. The microarray data from individual samples distinctly clustered according to timepoints, and ovulated follicles displayed markedly different expression patterns from unruptured follicles at 36 h. Between timepoint comparisons revealed profound changes in mRNA expression profiles. The dynamic pattern of mRNA expression for steroidogenic enzymes (CYP17A, CYP19A, HSD3B2, HSD11B1 and HSD11B2), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and gonadotrophin receptors [LH/choriogonadotrophin receptor (LHCGR), FSH receptor (FSHR)] as determined by microarray analysis correlated precisely with those from blinded q-PCR assays. Patterns of mRNA expression for epidermal-growth-factor-like factors (amphiregulin, epiregulin) and processes [hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 6 (TNFAIP6)] implicated in cumulus-oocyte maturation/expansion were also comparable between assays. Thus, several mRNAs displayed the expected expression pattern for purported theca (e.g. CYP17A), granulosa (CYP19A, FSHR), cumulus (HAS2, TNFAIP6) cell and surface epithelium (HSD11B)-related genes in the rodent/primate pre-ovulatory follicle. This database will be of great value in analyzing molecular and cellular pathways associated with periovulatory events in the primate follicle (e.g. follicle rupture, luteinization, inflammatory response and angiogenesis), and for identifying novel gene products controlling mammalian fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhua Xu
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, OHSU West Campus, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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Canty-Laird E, Carré GA, Mandon-Pépin B, Kadler KE, Fabre S. First evidence of bone morphogenetic protein 1 expression and activity in sheep ovarian follicles. Biol Reprod 2010; 83:138-46. [PMID: 20357269 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.082115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 1 is a vertebrate metalloproteinase of the astacin family. BMP1 plays a key role in regulating the formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly by processing the C-propeptide of fibrillar procollagens. BMP1 also promotes BMP signaling by releasing BMP signaling molecules from complexes with the BMP-antagonist chordin. As a result of BMP1's dual role in both ECM formation and BMP signaling, we hypothesized that BMP1 could play a role in ovarian physiology. Using the sheep ovary as a model system, we showed that BMP1 was expressed in the ovary throughout early fetal stages to adulthood. Furthermore, in adult ovaries, BMP1 was expressed along with chordin, BMP4, and twisted gastrulation, which together form an extracellular regulatory complex for BMP signaling. Within ovine ovaries, immunohistochemical localization demonstrated that BMP1 was present in granulosa cells at all stages of follicular development, from primordial to large antral follicles, and that the levels of BMP1 were not affected by the final follicle selection mechanism. In cultured granulosa cells, BMP1 expression was not affected by gonadotropins, but BMP4 and activin A had opposing effects on the levels of BMP1 mRNA. BMP1 appeared to be secreted into the follicular fluid of antral follicles, where it is able to exert procollagen C-proteinase and chordinase activities. Interestingly, BMP1 activity in follicular fluid decreased with follicular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Canty-Laird
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 85 /INRA-UMR 6175, CNRS-Université de Tours-Haras Nationaux, Nouzilly, France
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Lubzens E, Young G, Bobe J, Cerdà J. Oogenesis in teleosts: how eggs are formed. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 165:367-89. [PMID: 19505465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 550] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the major objectives of the aquaculture industry is the production of a large number of viable eggs with high survival. Major achievements have been made in recent years in improving protocols for higher efficiency of egg production and viability of progeny. Main gaps remain, however, in understanding the dynamic processes associated with oogenesis, the formation of an egg, from the time that germ cells turn into oogonia, until the release of ova during spawning in teleosts. Recent studies on primordial germ-cells, yolk protein precursors and their processing within the developing oocyte, the deposition of vitamins in eggs, structure and function of egg envelopes and oocyte maturation processes, further reveal the complexity of oogenesis. Moreover, numerous circulating endocrine and locally-acting paracrine and autocrine factors regulate the various stages of oocyte development and maturation. Though it is clear that the major regulators during vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation are the pituitary gonadotropins (LH and FSH) and sex steroids, the picture emerging from recent studies is of complex hormonal cross-talk at all stages between the developing oocyte and its surrounding follicle layers to ensure coordination of the various processes that are involved in the production of a fertilizable egg. In this review we aim at highlighting recent advances on teleost fish oocyte differentiation, maturation and ovulation, including those involved in the degeneration and reabsorption of ovarian follicles (atresia). The role of blood-borne and local ovarian factors in the regulation of the key steps of development reveal new aspects associated with egg formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Lubzens
- Department of Marine Biology, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, 81080 Haifa, Israel.
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Kõks S, Velthut A, Sarapik A, Altmäe S, Reinmaa E, Schalkwyk LC, Fernandes C, Lad HV, Soomets U, Jaakma U, Salumets A. The differential transcriptome and ontology profiles of floating and cumulus granulosa cells in stimulated human antral follicles. Mol Hum Reprod 2009; 16:229-40. [PMID: 19933312 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gap103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication between various ovarian cell types is a prerequisite for folliculogenesis and ovulation. In antral follicles granulosa cells divide into two distinct populations of mural and cumulus granulosa cells (CGC), enveloping the antrum and surrounding the oocyte, respectively. Both cell types, with the mural compartment in excess, contribute to the floating granulosa cell (FGC) population in the follicular fluid. The aim of this study was to compare the transcriptomes of FGC and CGC in stimulated antral follicles obtained from 19 women undergoing IVF-ICSI procedure. FGC were obtained from follicular fluid during the follicle puncture procedure and CGC were acquired after oocyte denudation for micromanipulation. Gene expression analysis was conducted using the genome-wide Affymetrix transcriptome array. The expression profile of the two granulosa cell populations varied significantly. Out of 28 869 analysed transcripts 4480 were differentially expressed (q-value < 10(-4)) and 489 showed > or =2-fold difference in the expression level with 222 genes up-regulated in FGC and 267 in CGC. The transcriptome of FGC showed higher expression of genes involved in immune response, hematological system function and organismal injury, although CGC had genes involved in protein degradation and nervous system function up-regulated. Cell-to-cell signalling and interaction pathways were noted in both cell populations. Furthermore, numerous novel transcripts that have not been previously described in follicular physiology were identified. In conclusion, our results provide a solid basis for future studies in follicular biology that will help to identify molecular markers for oocyte and embryo viability in IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kõks
- Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
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Memtsas V, Zarros A, Theocharis S. Matrix metalloproteinases in the pathophysiology and progression of gynecological malignancies: could their inhibition be an effective therapeutic approach? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2009; 13:1105-20. [DOI: 10.1517/14728220903136767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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