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Yu L, Guo Z, Long Q, Zhao X, Liu Y, Cao X, Zhang Y, Yan W, Qian QQ, Chen J, Teng Z, Zeng Y. Modifiable Lifestyle, Sedentary Behaviors and the Risk of Frailty: A Univariate and Multivariate Mendelian Randomization Study. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2400052. [PMID: 38532244 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
This research conducted a two-sample univariate and multivariate Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal link between different types of leisure sedentary behavior (LSB) and frailty. Independent instrumental variables significantly associated with sedentary behaviors (p < 5 × 10-8) are obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 422,218 individuals, and Frailty Index (FI) are derived from the latest GWAS dataset of 175,226 individuals. MR analysis is conducted using inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode, supplemented by MRAPSS. Univariate MR revealed that sedentary behaviors such as watching television increased the risk of frailty (OR, 1.271; 95% CI: 1.202-1.345; p = 6.952 × 10-17), as sedentary driving behaviors are done (OR, 1.436; 95% CI: 1.026-2.011; p = 0.035). Further validation through APSS, taking into account cryptic relatedness, stratification, and sample overlap, maintained the association between television viewing and increased frailty risk (OR, 1.394; 95% CI: 1.266-1.534; p = 1.143 × 10-11), while the association with driving dissipated. In multivariate inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis, after adjusting for C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, television Sedentary behavior (SB) inversely affected frailty (OR, 0.782; 95% CI: 0.724-0.845; p = 4.820 × 10-10). This study indicates that televisio SB significantly increases the risk of frailty, suggesting potential biological heterogeneity behind specific sedentary activities. This process may interact with inflammation, influencing the development of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Zeyi Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Qing Long
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Xinling Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Yunqiao Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Weimin Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Qing Qing Qian
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650101, China
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Forero AY, Morales GE, Forero LC. Relationship between physical activity, sedentarism and obesity in adults, Colombia, 2015. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2023; 43:99-109. [PMID: 38207152 PMCID: PMC10941826 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction. Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors were shown to be risk factors in the prevalence of diseases such as obesity. Objective. To conduct an analysis of the relationship between physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and nutritional status in the population aged 18 to 64 years in Colombia, 2015. Materials and methods. A secondary analysis of the 2015 Colombian nutrition survey was done, using sociodemographic variables (age, sex, ethnicity, geographic area, region, wealth index), along with weight, height, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle. Proportions and 95% confidence intervals, chi-square, logistic regression and odds ratio were estimated. Results. The analyzed population included 16,607 individuals (54.8% women and 45.2% men) aged 18 to 64 years. Men were more overweight (37.6%) than women, while obesity was more frequent in women (22.1%). It was observed that 48.3% did not meet the physical activity recommendations; 56.9% of adults spent two or more hours a day watching screens. There was a significant association (p<0.050) between non-compliance with physical activity recommendations and obesity. In addition, complying with the physical activity recommendation decreases the probability of obesity by 1.25 times. Conclusion. Obesity is a health problem for the adult population, with a higher prevalence in women and in those over 30 years old. It is related to non-compliance with the recommendations about physical activity and sedentary behaviors (which are more prevalent in Afro-descendants), high wealth quartile status, and to reside in urban areas and to live in the Bogotá area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Yibby Forero
- Grupo de Nutrición, Subdirección de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
| | - Gina Emely Morales
- Grupo de Nutrición, Subdirección de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
| | - Luis Carlos Forero
- Grupo de Nutrición, Subdirección de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
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胡 越, 张 伟. [Effects of Television Screen Exposure on the Mental Health of Middle-aged and Older Adults]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:1191-1200. [PMID: 38162069 PMCID: PMC10752788 DOI: 10.12182/20230960504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between the duration of TV screen exposure and mental illnesses in middle-aged and older adults. Methods The study was based on a cohort of 500 000 participants from UK Biobank. A prospective cohort of participants with TV screen exposure was established based on the exposure factor of the participants' daily TV watching time. The outcome was defined as psychological problem-related outcomes. The follow-up period extended from the time of baseline assessment of the participants to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of suicide attempts and mental illnesses in the population covered by the study. Results A total of 410 946 participants were followed up for an average of 10.8 years and 33 071 of them experienced an outcome events. Compared with the group of participants who had 0-1 h of daily TV time, the group of participants who watched TV for more than 5 h per day had an HR of 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-1.44). In stratified analysis, we found that, compared with individuals aged 45 years and over, individuals who were 38-44 years old were at a higher risk of developing mental illness when they watched TV for long periods of time (>5 h HR 1.83, 95% CI: 1.55-2.15). Long periods of outdoor activities reduced the risk of mental illness for individuals who watched TV for long periods of time (>5 h HR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.16-1.37). Having less than 5 hours of sleep increased the mental health risks of individuals who watched TV for long periods of time (>5 h HR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.34-1.81) and when sleep duration increased, TV watching showed decreased impact on mental health risks (>5 h HR dropped from 1.56 to 1.19). Conclusion Our findings suggest that TV viewing for long periods of time increases the risk of mental illness. Increaseing outdoor activity time and sleep time reduces the negative impact of watching TV on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- 越 胡
- 四川大学华西医院 心理卫生中心 (成都 610041)Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 伟 张
- 四川大学华西医院 心理卫生中心 (成都 610041)Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Yuan S, Li X, Liu Q, Wang Z, Jiang X, Burgess S, Larsson SC. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Type 2 Diabetes: Mendelian Randomization Analysis. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad090. [PMID: 37415875 PMCID: PMC10321115 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Context The causality and pathways of the associations between physical activity and inactivity and the risk of type 2 diabetes remain inconclusive. Objective We conducted an updated mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and leisure screen time (LST) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Genetic variants strongly associated with MVPA or LST with low linkage disequilibrium were selected as instrumental variables from a genome-wide meta-analysis including more than 600 000 individuals. Summary-level data on T2DM were obtained from the DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis consortium including 898 130 individuals. Data on possible intermediates (adiposity indicators, lean mass, glycemic traits, and inflammatory biomarkers) were extracted from large-scale genome-wide association studies (n = 21 758-681 275). Univariable and multivariable MR analyses were performed to estimate the total and direct effects of MVPA and LST on T2DM. Methylation MR analysis was performed for MVPA in relation to diabetes. Results The odds ratio of T2DM was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.55-0.88; P = .002) per unit increase in the log-odds ratio of having MVPA and 1.45 (95% CI, 1.30-1.62; P = 7.62 × 10-11) per SD increase in genetically predicted LST. These associations attenuated in multivariable MR analyses adjusted for genetically predicted waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, lean mass, and circulating C-reactive protein. The association between genetically predicted MVPA and T2DM attenuated after adjusting for genetically predicted fasting insulin levels. Two physical activity-related methylation biomarkers (cg17332422 in ADAMTS2 and cg09531019) were associated with the risk of T2DM (P < .05). Conclusion The study suggests causal associations of MVPA and LST with T2DM that appear to be mediated by obesity, lean mass, and chronic low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
| | - Zhe Wang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17165, Sweden
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75185, Sweden
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Bone JK, Fancourt D, Sonke JK, Fluharty ME, Cohen R, Lee JB, Kolenic AJ, Radunovich H, Bu F. Creative leisure activities, mental health and well-being during 5 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: a fixed effects analysis of data from 3725 US adults. J Epidemiol Community Health 2023; 77:293-297. [PMID: 36849241 PMCID: PMC10086468 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-219653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated whether changes in engagement in home-based creative activities were associated with changes in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to replicate findings from the UK in a USA sample. METHODS 3725 adults were included from the COVID-19 Social Study in the USA, a panel study collecting data weekly during the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured engagement in eight types of creative leisure activities on the previous weekday between April and September 2020. Data were analysed using fixed effects regression models. RESULTS Increased time spent gardening was associated with reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms and enhanced life satisfaction. Spending more time doing woodwork/DIY and arts/crafts were also associated with enhanced life satisfaction. However, more time watching television, films or other similar media (not for information on COVID-19) was associated with increased depressive symptoms. Other creative activities were not associated with mental health or well-being. CONCLUSION Some findings differ from evidence obtained in the UK, demonstrating the importance of replicating research across countries. Our findings should also be considered when formulating guidelines for future stay-at-home directives, enabling individuals to stay well despite the closure of public resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Bone
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jill K Sonke
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Meg E Fluharty
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Randy Cohen
- Americans for the Arts, Washington DC, Washington, USA
| | - Jenny B Lee
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anthony J Kolenic
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Heidi Radunovich
- Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Feifei Bu
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
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Santos J, Ihle A, Peralta M, Domingos C, Gouveia ÉR, Ferrari G, Werneck A, Rodrigues F, Marques A. Associations of Physical Activity and Television Viewing With Depressive Symptoms of the European Adults. Front Public Health 2022; 9:799870. [PMID: 35096747 PMCID: PMC8790035 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.799870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: While mentally passive sedentary behavior such as television viewing (TV) is often related with depressive symptoms, some research shows that physical activity (PA) may attenuate this association. Thus, this study aimed to examine the associations between TV, PA, and depressive symptoms, considering sociodemographic covariates. Methods: A sample of 29,285 adults (13,943 men; 15,342 women) with a mean age of 50.9 ± 17.4 years (50.6 ± 17.3 men; 51.1 ± 17.5 women) from the European Social Survey agreed to be respondents for this study. Data for sociodemographic variables, TV watching, PA, and depressive symptoms were self-reported. Different statistical procedures were conducted to provide evidence for the association between study variables. ANCOVA was used to analyze the association between TV watching and depressive symptoms. Linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between PA and depressive symptoms. General Linear Model was performed to analyze the association of TV watching and on depressive symptoms, controlling for PA. Results: European adults who responded watching more than 2 h per day showed higher scores for depressive symptoms. Higher participation in PA was negatively and significantly associated with depressive symptoms in men (β = −0.15, 95% CI: −0.18, −0.13), and women (β = −0.23, 95% CI: −0.26, −0.21). Men spending 1–2 h/day TV watching and engaging in PA ≥ 5 days/week presented the lowest scores on depressive symptoms. The lowest scores on depressive symptoms was observed in women engaging 2–4 days/week in PA and spending <1 h/day in TV watching. Conclusions: More time spent in TV watching is related with increased scores on depressive symptoms. However, regular PA participation can weaken this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Santos
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,ISAMB, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Departamento de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.,Interactive Technologies Institute, LARSyS, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - André Werneck
- School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal.,ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,ISAMB, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Abstract
Purpose of review In this review, we synthesise recent research on the association between loneliness and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We present evidence for mechanisms underlying this association and propose directions for future research. Recent findings Loneliness is related to increased risk of early mortality and CVD comparable to other well-established risk factors such as obesity or smoking. Summary Loneliness has been linked to higher rates of incident CVD, poorer CVD patient outcomes, and early mortality from CVD. Loneliness likely affects risk for these outcomes via health-related behaviours (e.g. physical inactivity and smoking), biological mechanisms (e.g. inflammation, stress reactivity), and psychological factors (e.g. depression) to indirectly damage health.
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Churchill R, Riadi I, Kervin L, Teo K, Cosco T. Deciphering the role of physical activity in stress management during a global pandemic in older adult populations: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2021; 10:140. [PMID: 33962659 PMCID: PMC8103071 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01678-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The world has changed dramatically since the beginning of 2020 due to COVID-19. As a result of the pandemic, many older adults are now experiencing an increased and unprecedented amount of psychological stress. Physical activity has been found to be an evidence-based means of combating stress among older adults to promote their quality of life. Studies have demonstrated that those who are physically active experience fewer issues in regard to their mental health, specifically depression and anxiety disorders. Engagement in physical activity may exert a protective influence over stress inducing events and future mental health outcomes. Due to exercise being inexpensive, non-invasive, and effective even via incremental increases in activity level, physical activity interventions should be investigated as a therapy for reducing stress for older adults during the current pandemic. METHODS Four electronic databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and SportDiscus) will be searched to identify randomized controlled trials that evaluate the effectiveness of physical activity or exercise programs as a psychological stress management tool in adults 50 years of age or older. Only peer-reviewed and published journal articles will be reviewed. Post-intervention psychological stress measures in comparison to baseline stress will be the primary outcome of interest. All studies will be assessed for bias using Cochrane's risk of bias tool. A random effects meta-analysis will be investigated if sufficient evidence of homogenous research exists and the heterogeneity of effect sizes will be tabulated. DISCUSSION This review will determine the effectiveness of various physical activity interventions for the treatment of psychological stress among the older adult population. This knowledge will help inform care aides, clinicians, family members, and older adults themselves of the most effective physical activity interventions in dealing with stress which is relevant to the ongoing pandemic. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020192546.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Churchill
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
| | - Indira Riadi
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
| | - Lucy Kervin
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
| | - Kelly Teo
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
| | - Theodore Cosco
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, V6B 5K3 Canada
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Tymoszuk U, Perkins R, Spiro N, Williamon A, Fancourt D. Longitudinal Associations Between Short-Term, Repeated, and Sustained Arts Engagement and Well-Being Outcomes in Older Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 75:1609-1619. [PMID: 31287550 PMCID: PMC7424284 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbz085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether frequency of receptive arts engagement over 10 years contributes to experienced, evaluative, and eudaimonic well-being in older adults. METHODS We used repeated data of 3,188 respondents from Waves 2-7 (2004/2005-2014/2015) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We examined longitudinal associations between short-term (frequent engagement at one wave), repeated (frequent engagement at 2-3 waves), and sustained (frequent engagement at 4-6 waves) arts engagement and experienced, evaluative and eudaimonic well-being. We fitted linear and logistic regression models adjusted for baseline well-being and a number of sociodemographic, economic, health, and social engagement factors. RESULTS In the fully adjusted models, short-term engagement was not longitudinally associated with well-being, but repeated engagement with the theater/concerts/opera and museums/galleries/exhibitions was associated with enhanced eudaimonic well-being, and sustained engagement with these activities was associated with greater experienced, evaluative, and eudaimonic well-being. DISCUSSION Long-term frequent engagement with certain arts activities is associated with higher levels of happiness, life satisfaction, self-realization, and control/autonomy in older adults. These findings suggest that policies that facilitate older adults' access to arts venues and activities, and support their continued engagement with them, may help to promote happy, fulfilling lives of an increasing segment of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Tymoszuk
- Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, London.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Rosie Perkins
- Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, London.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Neta Spiro
- Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, London.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Aaron Williamon
- Centre for Performance Science, Royal College of Music, London.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, UK
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10
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Reliability of a new measure to assess modern screen time in adults. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1386. [PMID: 31660931 PMCID: PMC6816215 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screen time among adults represents a continuing and growing problem in relation to health behaviors and health outcomes. However, no instrument currently exists in the literature that quantifies the use of modern screen-based devices. The primary purpose of this study was to develop and assess the reliability of a new screen time questionnaire, an instrument designed to quantify use of multiple popular screen-based devices among the US population. METHODS An 18-item screen-time questionnaire was created to quantify use of commonly used screen devices (e.g. television, smartphone, tablet) across different time points during the week (e.g. weekday, weeknight, weekend). Test-retest reliability was assessed through intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and standard error of measurement (SEM). The questionnaire was delivered online using Qualtrics and administered through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). RESULTS Eighty MTurk workers completed full study participation and were included in the final analyses. All items in the screen time questionnaire showed fair to excellent relative reliability (ICCs = 0.50-0.90; all < 0.000), except for the item inquiring about the use of smartphone during an average weekend day (ICC = 0.16, p = 0.069). The SEM values were large for all screen types across the different periods under study. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study suggest this self-administered questionnaire may be used to successfully classify individuals into different categories of screen time use (e.g. high vs. low); however, it is likely that objective measures are needed to increase precision of screen time assessment.
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Yu B, Gu Y, Bao X, Meng G, Wu H, Zhang Q, Liu L, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Niu K. Distinct associations of computer/mobile devices use and TV watching with depressive symptoms in adults: A large population study in China. Depress Anxiety 2019; 36:879-886. [PMID: 31268210 DOI: 10.1002/da.22932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence shows that screen time may be an important risk factor for mental health. The aim of this study was to examine the association of computer/mobile devices (CMD) use and TV watching separately with depressive symptoms in a large representative sample of Chinese adults. METHODS A sample of 18,994 adults in Tianjin, China was studied in a cross-sectional analysis. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). CMD use and TV watching time were self-reported and divided into five categories. The associations were estimated by odds ratios (ORs) using logistic regression models adjusted for multiple confounders. RESULTS The prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms was 16.3% (SDS ≥ 45). For CMD use, the ORs of the depressive symptoms decreased across time levels. Compared with the least use time (<1 hr/day), multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval [CI]) of other time categories for elevated depressive symptoms were 0.78 (0.66, 0.91), 0.67 (0.57, 0.80), 0.65 (0.54, 0.77), and 0.77 (0.62, 0.96) respectively. For TV watching, the ORs of the depressive symptoms increased across time levels. Compared with the least watching time (<1 hr/day), multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) for elevated depressive symptoms across the time categories were 1.00 (0.89, 1.12), 1.28 (1.11, 1.48), 1.26 (0.98, 1.60), and 1.95 (1.10, 3.35), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that different types of screen time may play different roles in the mental health of general adults. Further studies are needed to clarify the reasons for these distinct associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Psychology and School of Medical Humanities, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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12
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Lazaros G, Oikonomou E, Vogiatzi G, Christoforatou E, Tsalamandris S, Goliopoulou A, Tousouli M, Mystakidou V, Chasikidis C, Tousoulis D. The impact of sedentary behavior patterns on carotid atherosclerotic burden: Implications from the Corinthia epidemiological study. Atherosclerosis 2019; 282:154-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Folke F, Hursti T, Kanter JW, Arinell H, Tungström S, Söderberg P, Ekselius L. Exploring the relationship between activities and emotional experience using a diary in a mental health inpatient setting. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2018; 27:276-286. [PMID: 28220616 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mental health inpatient milieus have repeatedly been found to be associated with passivity, social disengagement, and low levels of interaction with staff. However, little is known about patients' experiences related to different ward activities. In the present study, we aimed to study the reports of activities and associated experiences of patients admitted to acute psychiatric inpatient wards. Disengaged, inactive, and solitary activities were hypothesized to be associated with less reward and more distress than their counterparts. We also aimed to investigate if such activities predicted distress, and if they were associated with clinical severity. Participants (n = 102) recorded their activities along with concurrent ratings of reward and distress in a structured 1-day diary, and nurses provided clinical severity ratings. On average, 3.74 of the 11 hours assessed (34%) were spent doing nothing, only 0.88 hours (8%) were spent with staff, and most of the time was spent in solitude. Doing nothing, being alone, and passivity were associated with the greatest levels of distress and lowest levels of reward, whereas informal socializing demonstrated the opposite pattern. Distress was not predicted by activity or reward when adjusting for baseline distress. Clinical severity was not associated with the amount of time spent alone or the experience of reward during activity. In conclusion, the risk for passivity and social disengagement during admission prevails. This activity pattern could have detrimental emotional consequences and warrants action, but more studies are needed to determine if activity actually precedes emotional experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Folke
- Centre for Clinical Research, Dalarna, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry, Landstinget Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University and Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timo Hursti
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonathan W Kanter
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hans Arinell
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University and Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Per Söderberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Landstinget Dalarna, Falun, Sweden
| | - Lisa Ekselius
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University and Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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15
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Deal C, Bogdan R, Miller JP, Rodebaugh T, Caburnay C, Yingling M, Hershey T, Schweiger J, Lenze EJ. Effects of Cable News Watching on Older Adults' Physiological and Self-Reported Stress and Cognitive Function. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2017; 87:111-123. [PMID: 29139320 DOI: 10.1177/0091415017729684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Older adults are the largest consumer of cable news, which includes negative and politicized content and may constitute a daily stressor. As older adults are also vulnerable to the negative consequences of stress, we hypothesized that cable news watching could induce a stress reaction and impair cognitive function. We tested exposures to cable news (i.e., Fox News and MSNBC) in a within-subject randomized controlled design in 34 healthy older adults. We also included negative (Public Broadcasting Station) and positive (trier social stress test) controls. Cable news watching had no effect on psychological stress, physiological stress, or cognitive function. This remained true even if the news exposures were discordant with participants' political affiliation. We conclude that brief cable news watching does not induce a physiological or subjective stress response or cognitive impairment among healthy older adults.
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16
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Maher JP, Sliwinski MJ, Conroy DE. Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an intervention to reduce older adults' sedentary behavior. Transl Behav Med 2017; 7:52-61. [PMID: 27734281 DOI: 10.1007/s13142-016-0394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults represent the segment of the population that sits the most. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and preliminary efficacy of an intervention to reduce sedentary behavior (SB) in older adults that can be disseminated broadly for limited cost and delivered by paraprofessionals with limited training. Senior centers in Central Pennsylvania were randomized to receive one of two healthy aging programs (i.e., intervention or comparison). Participants in both groups attended three 90-min meetings over 2 weeks. Behavior change content was delivered at the second session (i.e., day 7). Forty-two participants (n intervention = 25, n comparison = 17) were recruited from five senior centers. Content for the intervention group focused on reducing SB while comparison group content focused on reducing social isolation. Self-reported SB was assessed on days 7 and 14. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction for total and weekday, but not weekend, SB. In the week following the delivery of group content, participants in the intervention group reported an average decrease in total SB of 837.8 min/week; however, the comparison group reported a nonsignificant average decrease of 263.0 min/week of total SB. Participants in the intervention group also reported an average decrease in weekday SB of 132.6 min/weekday (d = -0.83) in the week following the delivery of group content; however, the comparison group reported a nonsignificant decrease of 24.0 min/weekday (d = -0.16). There were no significant changes in weekend SB in either group in the week following the delivery of group content. Participants' attendance, measurement completion, and program ratings were high. Safety issues were minimal. This intervention was feasible to implement and evaluate, acceptable to older adults, and showed promise for reducing older adults' SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn P Maher
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | | | - David E Conroy
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Gibson AM, Muggeridge DJ, Hughes AR, Kelly L, Kirk A. An examination of objectively-measured sedentary behavior and mental well-being in adults across week days and weekends. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185143. [PMID: 28934319 PMCID: PMC5608355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited research has explored the links between sedentary behaviour, mental health and quality of life. This study examines objectively measured sedentary behaviour and perceived mental health and quality of life across week days and weekends. METHODS 42 adults (19M, 23F; mean age 38yrs (range 18-67) & BMI 24.8kg/m2 (range 18.7-33.8) wore an activPAL monitor 24h/day for one week and completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and SF12 Health Survey. Average weekday and weekend day sitting time was computed. Differences between sitting (Group 1 = <8hrs/day, Group 2 = 8-10 hrs/day, Group 3 = >10hrs/day) and components of the HADS and SF12 health survey were examined using an ANCOVA with a measure of physical activity (step count) included as a covariate. RESULTS Average sitting time on a weekday was 9hrs 29mins (range 5hrs 52mins to 12hrs 55mins) and 8hrs 59mins (range 4hrs, 07mins to 14hrs, 40mins) on a weekend day. There was a main effect (p<0.05) for weekday sitting time on total anxiety and depression (HADS) and mental health and vitality (SF12). Planned contrasts identified individuals in group 1 had lower anxiety and depression and higher mental health and vitality scores than individuals in groups 2 or 3 (p<0.05). No difference was found between individuals in group 2 and group 3 (p>0.05). No main effects were found for weekend sitting (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Weekday sitting time below 8 hours/day is associated with better perceived mental health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Marie Gibson
- Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Muggeridge
- Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Adrienne R. Hughes
- Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Kelly
- Department of Exercise Science, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA, United States of America
| | - Alison Kirk
- Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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18
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Maher JP, Conroy DE. Daily Life Satisfaction in Older Adults as a Function of (In)Activity. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2017; 72:593-602. [PMID: 26405078 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbv086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This 14-day daily diary study tested the between-person and within-person associations between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older adults. Method Older adults (n = 100) wore ActivPAL3 activity monitors for 14 days and, at the end of each day, answered questions regarding their health behaviors and life satisfaction. Results Separate multilevel models were tested for self-reported and objectively measured behavioral data. In the model using objectively measured behavioral data, life satisfaction was (a) negatively associated with sedentary behavior at the within-person level and unassociated with sedentary behavior at the between-person level and (b) unassociated with physical activity at either the between-person or within-person level. In the model using self-reported behavioral data, life satisfaction was (a) unassociated with sedentary behavior at either the between-person or within-person level and (2) positively associated with physical activity at the within-person, but not at the between-person, level. Discussion Results indicated that daily deviations in objectively measured sedentary behavior and self-reported physical activity have implications for older adults' well-being. Interventions designed to enhance well-being and quality of life in older adults should consider targeting daily changes in total sedentary behavior and daily changes in the volume or frequency of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn P Maher
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - David E Conroy
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
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19
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Madhav KC, Sherchand SP, Sherchan S. Association between screen time and depression among US adults. Prev Med Rep 2017; 8:67-71. [PMID: 28879072 PMCID: PMC5574844 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological surveys conducted in general populations have found that the prevalence of depression is about 9% in the United States. World Health Organization has projected that depression will be leading cause of disease burden by the year 2030. Growing evidence suggests that sedentary lifestyle is an important risk factor of depression among adults. The relationship between television watching/computer use and depression in US adults is still unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between television watching/computer use and depression. This is a cross-sectional study that used the secondary data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) (2011/2012). Participants were 3201 US adults who were 20 years or more. Self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] was used to classify depression level; self-reported hours of watching TV and use of computer/day, and demographic information were obtained from NHANES data set. SAS®9.4was used to perform all statistical analyses and final model selection procedure. Depression was found to be significantly higher among female. Results showed that moderate or severe depression level was associated with higher time spent on TV watching and use of computer (> 6 h/day) (adjusted odds ratio: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.602–3.442). Duration of screen time was significantly associated when all covariates were adjusted. TV watching and computer use can predict the depression level among adults. Prospective studies and measurement of factors such as: work place sitting, social relationship, and family history of depression are warranted. Assess the relationship between television watching/computer use and depression Depression was found to be significantly higher among female. Moderate or severe depression level was associated with higher screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Madhav
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Shardulendra Prasad Sherchand
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Samendra Sherchan
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
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20
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Virtuoso Júnior JS, Roza LB, Tribess S, Meneguci J, Mendes EL, Pegorari MS, Dias FA, Dos Santos Tavares DM, Sasaki JE. Time Spent Sitting Is Associated with Changes in Biomarkers of Frailty in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Cross Sectional Study. Front Physiol 2017; 8:505. [PMID: 28824439 PMCID: PMC5534441 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior has gained prominence in the literature as a risk factor for health and mortality independent of physical activity level; however, little is known about the relationship of sedentary behavior with frailty in older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate if time spent sitting can be used as a discriminator of frailty in older hospitalized persons. Methods: The study included 162 hospitalized inpatients aged ≥60 years. Blood samples were taken for analyzing leukocyte counts and serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP). Participants also answered a questionnaire about time spent sitting. Frailty was determined from a combination of CRP concentration and leukocyte count. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to analyse the predictive power and cut-points for time spent sitting and the presence of frailty. Results: The areas under the ROC curves indicated that time spent sitting was an independent indicator of frailty (area under curve >0.6). The cut-off points for time spent sitting as an indicator of frailty were >257 min/day for men and >330 min/day for women. Conclusions: Time spent sitting is associated with biomarkers of frailty in persons aged ≥60 years, indicating a need for interventions aimed at reducing sedentary behavior in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jair S Virtuoso Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Healthcare, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil.,Department of Sport Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
| | - Liliane B Roza
- Postgraduate Program in Healthcare, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
| | - Sheilla Tribess
- Department of Sport Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
| | - Joilson Meneguci
- Postgraduate Program in Healthcare, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
| | - Edmar L Mendes
- Department of Sport Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia A Dias
- Postgraduate Program in Healthcare, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
| | - Darlene M Dos Santos Tavares
- Department of Nursing in Community Health and Education, Postgraduate Program in Healthcare, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
| | - Jeffer E Sasaki
- Department of Sport Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Triângulo MineiroUberaba, Brazil
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21
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Biomarkers associated with sedentary behaviour in older adults: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:87-111. [PMID: 28025174 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pathomechanisms of sedentary behaviour (SB) are unclear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate the associations between SB and various biomarkers in older adults. METHODS Electronic databases were searched (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED) up to July 2015 to identify studies with objective or subjective measures of SB, sample size ≥50, mean age ≥60years and accelerometer wear time ≥3days. Methodological quality was appraised with the CASP tool. The protocol was pre-specified (PROSPERO CRD42015023731). RESULTS 12701 abstracts were retrieved, 275 full text articles further explored, from which 249 were excluded. In the final sample (26 articles) a total of 63 biomarkers were detected. Most investigated markers were: body mass index (BMI, n=15), waist circumference (WC, n=15), blood pressure (n=11), triglycerides (n=12) and high density lipoprotein (HDL, n=15). Some inflammation markers were identified such as interleukin-6, C-reactive protein or tumor necrosis factor alpha. There was a lack of renal, muscle or bone biomarkers. Randomized controlled trials found a positive correlation for SB with BMI, neck circumference, fat mass, HbA1C, cholesterol and insulin levels, cohort studies additionally for WC, leptin, C-peptide, ApoA1 and Low density lipoprotein and a negative correlation for HDL. CONCLUSION Most studied biomarkers associated with SB were of cardiovascular or metabolic origin. There is a suggestion of a negative impact of SB on biomarkers but still a paucity of high quality investigations exist. Longitudinal studies with objectively measured SB are needed to further elucidate the pathophysiological pathways and possible associations of unexplored biomarkers.
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22
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Santos DAT, Virtuoso JS, Meneguci J, Sasaki JE, Tribess S. Combined Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2017; 38:272-276. [PMID: 28287869 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2016.1263695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the association of combined physical activity (PA)/sedentary behaviour (SB) with depressive symptoms (DS) in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 622 individuals ≥ 60 years old. After adjusting for gender, years of study, and monthly household income, prevalence ratios for presence of DS were statistically significant for older adults with <150 min/week in PA and ≥75th percentile of SB on weekdays (PR = 2.11,95%CI: 1.54-2.90) and on weekends (PR = 2.20,95%CI:1.57-3.09). Older adults who do not meet the PA guidelines and spend more time in SB on weekdays or weekend days are more likely to present with DS compared to those who meet the recommendations of PA and spend less time in SB during the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A T Santos
- a State University of Bahia , Department of Education , Salvador , Bahia
| | - Jair S Virtuoso
- b Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Department of Sport Sciences , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Joilson Meneguci
- c Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Healthcare , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Jeffer E Sasaki
- d Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Department of Sport Sciences , Uberaba , Brazil
| | - Sheilla Tribess
- d Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro , Department of Sport Sciences , Uberaba , Brazil
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23
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Within-day associations between sedentary behavior and affect in middle-aged women. Menopause 2016; 23:825-6. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Billis AS, Batziakas A, Bratsas C, Tsatali MS, Karagianni M, Bamidis PD. Enabling active and healthy ageing decision support systems with the smart collection of TV usage patterns. Healthc Technol Lett 2016; 3:46-50. [PMID: 27284457 PMCID: PMC4898025 DOI: 10.1049/htl.2015.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Smart monitoring of seniors behavioural patterns and more specifically activities of
daily living have attracted immense research interest in recent years. Development of
smart decision support systems to support the promotion of health smart homes has also
emerged taking advantage of the plethora of smart, inexpensive and unobtrusive monitoring
sensors, devices and software tools. To this end, a smart monitoring system has been used
in order to extract meaningful information about television (TV) usage patterns and
subsequently associate them with clinical findings of experts. The smart TV operating
state remote monitoring system was installed in four elderly women homes and gathered data
for more than 11 months. Results suggest that TV daily usage (time the TV is turned on)
can predict mental health change. Conclusively, the authors suggest that collection of
smart device usage patterns could strengthen the inference capabilities of existing health
DSSs applied in uncontrolled settings such as real senior homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis S Billis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , 54 124 Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Asterios Batziakas
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , 54 124 Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Charalampos Bratsas
- School of Mathematics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Open Knowledge Foundation Greece, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Marianna S Tsatali
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , 54 124 Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Maria Karagianni
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , 54 124 Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Panagiotis D Bamidis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , 54 124 Thessaloniki , Greece
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25
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Endrighi R, Steptoe A, Hamer M. The effect of experimentally induced sedentariness on mood and psychobiological responses to mental stress. Br J Psychiatry 2016; 208:245-51. [PMID: 26294364 PMCID: PMC4771942 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.150755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests a link between sedentary behaviours and depressive symptoms. Mechanisms underlying this relationship are not understood, but inflammatory processes may be involved. Autonomic and inflammatory responses to stress may be heightened in sedentary individuals contributing to risk, but no study has experimentally investigated this. AIMS To examine the effect of sedentary time on mood and stress responses using an experimental design. METHOD Forty-three individuals were assigned to a free-living sedentary condition and to a control condition (usual activity) in a cross-over, randomised fashion and were tested in a psychophysiology laboratory after spending 2 weeks in each condition. Participants completed mood questionnaires (General Health Questionnaire and Profile of Mood States) and wore a motion sensor for 4 weeks. RESULTS Sedentary time increased by an average of 32 min/day (P = 0.01) during the experimental condition compared with control. Being sedentary resulted in increases in negative mood independent of changes in moderate to vigorous physical activity (ΔGHQ = 6.23, ΔPOMS = 2.80). Mood disturbances were associated with greater stress-induced inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) responses (β = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS Two weeks of exposure to greater free-living sedentary time resulted in mood disturbances independent of reduction in physical activity. Stress-induced IL-6 responses were associated with changes in mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romano Endrighi
- Romano Endrighi, PhD, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, UK and Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Andrew Steptoe, DPhil, Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, UK; Mark Hamer, PhD, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, UK
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26
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Keadle SK, Moore SC, Sampson JN, Xiao Q, Albanes D, Matthews CE. Causes of Death Associated With Prolonged TV Viewing: NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Am J Prev Med 2015; 49:811-21. [PMID: 26215832 PMCID: PMC4656060 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION TV viewing is the most prevalent sedentary behavior and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality, but the association with other leading causes of death is unknown. This study examined the association between TV viewing and leading causes of death in the U.S. METHODS A prospective cohort of 221,426 individuals (57% male) aged 50-71 years who were free of chronic disease at baseline (1995-1996), 93% white, with an average BMI of 26.7 (SD=4.4) kg/m(2) were included. Participants self-reported TV viewing at baseline and were followed until death or December 31, 2011. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for TV viewing and cause-specific mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Analyses were conducted in 2014-2015. RESULTS After an average follow-up of 14.1 years, adjusted mortality risk for a 2-hour/day increase in TV viewing was significantly higher for the following causes of death (HR [95% CI]): cancer (1.07 [1.03, 1.11]); heart disease (1.23 [1.17, 1.29]); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.28 [1.14, 1.43]); diabetes (1.56 [1.33, 1.83]); influenza/pneumonia (1.24 [1.02, 1.50]); Parkinson disease (1.35 [1.11, 1.65]); liver disease (1.33 [1.05, 1.67]); and suicide (1.43 [1.10, 1.85]. Mortality associations persisted in stratified analyses with important potential confounders, reducing causation concerns. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the breadth of mortality outcomes associated with prolonged TV viewing, and identifies novel associations for several leading causes of death. TV viewing is a prevalent discretionary behavior that may be a more important target for public health intervention than previously recognized. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00340015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Keadle
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland;.
| | - Steven C Moore
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Qian Xiao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Charles E Matthews
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Associations of television viewing time with adults' well-being and vitality. Prev Med 2014; 69:69-74. [PMID: 25230366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Television (TV) viewing, a common leisure-time sedentary behaviour, is associated adversely with cardio-metabolic health, fatigue, depression and mental health. However, associations of TV viewing time with health-related quality of life attributes are less well understood. We examined associations of TV viewing time with physical well-being, mental well-being and vitality in a large population-based sample of Australian adults. METHOD The study sample comprised 4,483 men and 5,424 women (mean age 51±14years) from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study (1999-2000). Multiple linear regressions examined associations of TV viewing time (h/day) with the SF-36v1 physical and mental health component summary scores and the vitality sub-score, adjusting for leisure-time physical activity and waist circumference. RESULTS Each 1-h/day increment in TV viewing time was associated with lower physical (-0.56 [95% CI: -0.77, -0.34]) and mental (-0.41 [-0.70, -0.12]) component summary scores and vitality (-0.51 [-0.81, -0.21]). Associations remained significant after adjustment for leisure-time physical activity and waist circumference. There was a gender interaction for the association of TV viewing time with vitality (significant in men only). CONCLUSIONS TV viewing time is associated adversely with physical well-being, mental well-being and vitality. Further studies are required to better understand potential causal relationships and variations by gender and leisure-time physical activity.
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Gardner B, Iliffe S, Fox KR, Jefferis BJ, Hamer M. Sociodemographic, behavioural and health factors associated with changes in older adults' TV viewing over 2 years. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2014; 11:102. [PMID: 25927293 PMCID: PMC4149242 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-014-0102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Of all age groups, older adults spend the most time watching TV, which is one of the most common sedentary behaviours. Such sedentary activity in older adulthood is thought to risk deterioration of physical and mental functioning, health and wellbeing. Identifying the characteristics of older adults whose TV viewing increases over time may help to target sedentary behaviour reduction interventions to those in most urgent need. Yet, studies of the factors associated with TV viewing have predominantly been cross-sectional. This study used a prospective design to describe changes in TV viewing over a two-year follow-up period, and to model socio-demographic, behavioural and health factors associated with observed changes in viewing time. Methods A two-year follow-up of 6,090 male and female older adults (mean age 64.9 ± 8.9 years) was conducted in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a cohort of community dwelling older adults. TV viewing time was self-reported at baseline and at follow-up. The sample was categorised according to baseline TV viewing duration (<2 hrs/d, 2 < 4 hrs/d, 4 < 6 hrs/d, ≥6 hrs/d), and the observed direction and extent of changes in viewing duration were described for each category. Socio-demographic, behavioural and health variables (socioeconomic status, depressive symptoms, disability, chronic illness, body mass index, physical activity, smoking), as measured at baseline, were entered into regression models as predictors of changes in TV viewing time between baseline and follow-up. Results Mean self-reported TV viewing time increased from 5.32 ± 4.08 hrs/d at baseline to 5.53 ± 4.19 hrs/d at follow-up (p < 0.001). Forty-nine per cent of participants increased their TV viewing (23% of all participants by 60 minutes or more), 41% decreased their viewing, and 10% reported no change in viewing duration. Increases in TV viewing at follow-up were associated with lower socioeconomic status, presence of depressive symptoms, higher BMI, physical inactivity, and being a smoker at baseline. Conclusions Findings call for the development of effective behaviour change interventions to counter increases in inactive TV viewing among older adults, and point to subgroups who may need to be prioritised for such interventions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-014-0102-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gardner
- Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Steve Iliffe
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Kenneth R Fox
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Barbara J Jefferis
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, UK. .,Population Health Domain Physical Activity Research Group, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Mark Hamer
- Population Health Domain Physical Activity Research Group, University College London, London, UK. .,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Hamer M, Coombs N, Stamatakis E. Associations between objectively assessed and self-reported sedentary time with mental health in adults: an analysis of data from the Health Survey for England. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e004580. [PMID: 24650807 PMCID: PMC3963121 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing interest in the association between sedentary behaviour and mental health, although most studies have relied solely on self-reported measures, thus making results prone to various biases. The aim was to compare associations between objectively assessed and self-reported sedentary time with mental health in adults. SETTING Community dwelling population sample drawn from the 2008 Health Survey for England. PARTICIPANTS 11 658 (self-report analysis) and 1947 (objective data) men and women. PRIMARY OUTCOME The 12-item General Health Questionnaire was administered to assess psychological distress. Sedentary and physical activity (exposure) was objectively measured using accelerometers (Actigraph GT1M) worn around the waist during waking hours for seven consecutive days. RESULTS The highest tertile of objective sedentary time was associated with higher risk of psychological distress (multivariate adjusted OR=1.74, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.83), as was the highest tertile of self-reported total sitting time (OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.56). Self-reported, but not objective, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with lower risk of psychological distress. Only objective light-intensity activity was associated with lower risk of psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary time is associated with adverse mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hamer
- Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ngaire Coombs
- Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Determinants of sedentary behavior, motivation, barriers and strategies to reduce sitting time in older women: a qualitative investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:773-91. [PMID: 24402064 PMCID: PMC3924473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110100773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior defined as time spent non-exercising seated or reclining posture has been identified has a health risk and associated with frailty and disablement for older adults. Older adults are the most sedentary segment of society. To date no study has investigated the determinants of sedentary behavior in older adults. This study reports a qualitative investigation of the determinants of sedentary behavior, strategies and motivator to reduce sitting time by structured interviews in a group of community dwelling older women (N = 11, age 65 and over). Older women expressed the view that their sedentary behavior is mostly determined by pain which acts both as an incentive to sit and a motivator to stand up, lack of energy in the afternoon, pressure from direct social circle to sit and rest, societal and environmental typecasting that older adult are meant to sit, lack of environmental facilities to allow activity pacing. This qualitative investigation highlighted some factors that older adults consider determinants of their sedentary behavior. Some are identical to those affecting physical activity (self-efficacy, functional limitations, ageist stereotyping) but some appear specific to sedentary behavior (locus of control, pain) and should be further investigated and considered during intervention design. Tailored interventions that pay attention to the pattern of sedentary behavior of individuals appear to be supported by the views of older women on their sedentary behavior.
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