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Zou K, Deng Q, Zhang H, Huang C. Glymphatic system: a gateway for neuroinflammation. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2661-2672. [PMID: 38595285 PMCID: PMC11168510 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system is a relatively recently identified fluid exchange and transport system in the brain. Accumulating evidence indicates that glymphatic function is impaired not only in central nervous system disorders but also in systemic diseases. Systemic diseases can trigger the inflammatory responses in the central nervous system, occasionally leading to sustained inflammation and functional disturbance of the central nervous system. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the association between glymphatic dysfunction and central nervous system inflammation. In addition, we discuss the hypothesis that disease conditions initially associated with peripheral inflammation overwhelm the performance of the glymphatic system, thereby triggering central nervous system dysfunction, chronic neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Future research investigating the role of the glymphatic system in neuroinflammation may offer innovative therapeutic approaches for central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailu Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qingwei Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Changsheng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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Ueda R, Yamagata B, Niida R, Hirano J, Niida A, Yamamoto Y, Mimura M. Glymphatic system dysfunction in mood disorders: Evaluation by diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroscience 2024; 555:69-75. [PMID: 39033989 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The glymphatic system, an expansive cerebral waste-disposal network, harbors myriad enigmatic facets necessitating elucidation of their nexus with diverse pathologies. Murine investigations have revealed a relationship between the glymphatic system and affective disorders. This study aimed to illuminate the interplay between bipolar disorder and the glymphatic system. Fifty-eight individuals afflicted with bipolar disorder were identified through meticulous psychiatric assessment. These individuals were juxtaposed with a cohort of 66 comparably aged and sex-matched, mentally stable subjects. Subsequent analysis entailed the application of covariance analysis to evaluate along with the perivascular space (ALPS) index, a novel magnetic resonance imaging method for assessing brain interstitial fluid dynamics via diffusion tensor imaging within the bipolar and control cohorts. We also evaluated the correlation between the ALPS index and clinical parameters, which included the Hamilton Depression scale scores, disease duration, and other clinical assessments. Moreover, partial correlation analyses, incorporating age and sex as covariates, were performed to investigate the relationships between the ALPS index and clinical measures within the two cohorts. A noteworthy adverse correlation was observed between the ALPS index and illness duration. A free-water imaging analysis revealed a substantial elevation in the free-water index within the white-matter tracts, prominently centered on the corpus callosum, within the bipolar cohort relative to that in the control group. In analogous cerebral regions, a conspicuous affirmative correlation was observed between the free-water-corrected radial diffusivity and depression rating scales. Our results showed that the protracted course of bipolar disorder concomitantly exacerbated glymphatic system dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ueda
- Office of Radiation Technology, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Bun Yamagata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richi Niida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jinichi Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Niida
- Department of Radiology, Tomishiro Central Hospital, 25 Aza Ueda, Tomigusuku-shi, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Yamamoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang J, Wang Y, Li S, Wu B, Feng Q, Qiu W, Wang J, Gao H. Waist-to-weight index and cognitive impairment: Understanding the link through depression mediation in the NHANES. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:313-320. [PMID: 39147151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, several studies have suggested that obesity may play an important role in cognitive impairment. Individuals with cognitive impairment often also exhibit depressive symptoms. This study aimed to explore the association between obesity and cognitive impairment and to elucidate the mediating role of depressive symptoms in this association. METHODS Older participants in the U.S. were examined in this cross-sectional study (n = 2391). The WWI was computed as follows: WWI = waist circumference/square root of body weight. The Consortium for Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning (CERAD-WL), the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were used to evaluate cognitive function. Depression symptoms were evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Subgroup analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were utilized to investigate the relationships between the WWI and depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. Threshold effects were computed using a two-segment linear regression model. To ascertain whether depression mediates the relationship between the WWI and cognitive impairment, mediation analysis was also employed. RESULTS A total of 2391 participants were included, 33.29 % of whom had cognitive impairment. There was a significant correlation between the WWI and depressive symptoms and cognitive function (P < 0.05). With increasing WWI quartiles, the prevalence of cognitive impairment increased (Q1: 27.09 %, Q2: 33.00 %, Q3: 31.44 %, Q4: 41.64 %). It was highly likely that the WWI and cognitive impairment were positively correlated (OR = 1.34, 95 % CI = 1.13, 1.59), and this link was steady across all subgroups (P for trend >0.05). A nonlinear curve with an inflection point of 10.71 connected the WWI and cognitive deterioration. A significant correlation was found between the WWI and cognitive impairment on the left side of the inflection point (OR = 3.58, 95 % CI = 1.57, 8.15). With a 5.4 % mediation rate, mediation analysis revealed that depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between cognitive impairment and the WWI. CONCLUSIONS There was a positive association between the WWI and the incidence of cognitive impairment in older Americans. Among other factors, depressive symptoms slightly mediated the association between the WWI and cognitive impairment. However, large-scale prospective studies are still needed to analyse the interactions between the three factors in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Yong Wang
- The Third Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000,China
| | - Shaojie Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Baofang Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Qiangqiang Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Weizhi Qiu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China.
| | - Hongzhi Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China.
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Dong R, Han Y, Lv P, Jiang L, Wang Z, Peng L, Liu S, Ma Z, Xia T, Zhang B, Gu X. Long-term isoflurane anesthesia induces cognitive deficits via AQP4 depolarization mediated blunted glymphatic inflammatory proteins clearance. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1450-1466. [PMID: 38443763 PMCID: PMC11342724 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241237073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) refer to cognitive deterioration that occurs after surgery or anesthesia. Prolonged isoflurane exposure has potential neurotoxicity and induces PND, but the mechanism is unclear. The glymphatic system clears harmful metabolic waste from the brain. This study sought to unveil the functions of glymphatic system in PND and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The PND mice model was established by long term isoflurane anesthesia. The glymphatic function was assessed by multiple in vitro and in vivo methods. An adeno-associated virus was used to overexpress AQP4 and TGN-020 was used to inhibit its function. This research revealed that the glymphatic system was impaired in PND mice and the blunted glymphatic transport was closely associated with the accumulation of inflammatory proteins in the hippocampus. Increasing AQP4 polarization could enhance glymphatic transport and suppresses neuroinflammation, thereby improve cognitive function in the PND model mice. However, a marked impaired glymphatic inflammatory proteins clearance and the more severe cognitive dysfunction were observed when decreasing AQP4 polarization. Therefore, long-term isoflurane anesthesia causes blunted glymphatic system by inducing AQP4 depolarization, enhanced the AQP4 polarization can alleviate the glymphatic system malfunction and reduce the neuroinflammatory response, which may be a potential treatment strategy for PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Yuqiang Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linhao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zimo Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangyu Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianjiao Xia
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Wang X, Zhou J, Jiang T, Xu J. Deciphering the therapeutic potential of SheXiangXinTongNing: Interplay between gut microbiota and brain metabolomics in a CUMS mice model, with a focus on tryptophan metabolism. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155584. [PMID: 38704913 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression, a prevalent and multifaceted mental disorder, has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its escalating prevalence and heightened risk of severe suicidality. Given its profound impact, the imperative for preventing and intervening in depression is paramount. Substantial evidence underscores intricate connections between depression and cardiovascular health. SheXiangXinTongNing (XTN), a recognized traditional Chinese medicine for treating Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), prompted our exploration into its antidepressant effects and underlying mechanisms. In this investigation, we assessed XTN's antidepressant potential using the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice model and behavioral tests. Employing network pharmacology, we delved into the intricate mechanisms at play. We characterized the microbial composition and function in CUMS mice, both with and without XTN treatment, utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis. The joint analysis of these results via Cytoscape identified pivotal metabolic pathways. In the realm of network pharmacology, XTN administration exhibited antidepressant effects by modulating pathways such as IL-17, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt, cAMP, calcium, and dopamine synapse signaling pathways. Our findings revealed that XTN significantly mitigated depression-like symptoms and cognitive deficits in CUMS mice by inhibiting neuroinflammation and pyroptosis. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing unveiled that XTN increased the alpha-diversity and beta-diversity of the gut microbiome in CUMS mice. Metabolomics analysis identified brain metabolites crucial for distinguishing between the CUMS and CUMS+XTN groups, with a focus on pathways like Tryptophan metabolism and Linoleic acid metabolism. Notably, specific bacterial families, including Alloprevotella, Helicobacter, Allobaculum, and Clostridia, exhibited robust co-occurring relationships with brain tryptophan metabolomics, hinting at the potential mediating role of gut microbiome alterations and metabolites in the efficacy of XTN treatment. In conclusion, our study unveils modifications in microbial compositions and metabolic functions may be pivotal in understanding the response to XTN treatment, offering novel insights into the mechanisms underpinning the efficacy of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tianlin Jiang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Menon NJ, Sun C, Chhina J, Halvorson BD, Frisbee JC, Frisbee SJ. Cerebrovascular dysfunction and depressive symptoms in preclinical models: insights from a scoping review. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:1352-1363. [PMID: 38601994 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00031.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although existing literature supports associations between cerebrovascular dysfunction and the emergence of depression and depressive symptoms, relatively little is known about underlying mechanistic pathways that may explain potential relationships. As such, an integrated understanding of these relationships in preclinical models could provide insight into the nature of the relationship, basic mechanistic linkages, and areas in which additional investment should be targeted. This scoping review was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus to outline the relationship between depressive symptoms and cerebrovascular dysfunction in preclinical animal models with an additional focus on the areas above. From 3,438 articles initially identified, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. All studies reported a positive association between the severity of markers for cerebrovascular dysfunction and that for depressive symptoms in rodent models and this spanned all models for either pathology. Specific mechanistic links between the two such as chronic inflammation, elevated vascular oxidant stress, and altered serotonergic signaling were highlighted. Notably, almost all studies addressed outcomes in male animals, with a near complete lack of data from females, and there was little consistency in terms of how cerebrovascular dysfunction was assessed. Across nearly all studies was a lack of clarity for any "cause and effect" relationship between depressive symptoms and cerebrovascular dysfunction. At this time, it is reasonable to conclude that a correlative relationship clearly exists between the two, and future investigation will be required to parse out more specific aspects of this relationship.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This scoping review presents a structured evaluation of all relevant existing literature linking cerebral vasculopathy to depressive symptom emergence in preclinical models. Results support a definite connection between vascular dysfunction and depressive symptoms, highlighting the importance of chronic elevations in inflammation and oxidant stress, and impaired serotonergic signaling. The review also identified significant knowledge gaps addressing male versus female differences and limited clear mechanistic links between cerebral vasculopathy and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithin J Menon
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clara Sun
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jashnoor Chhina
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brayden D Halvorson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jefferson C Frisbee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie J Frisbee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
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Margoni M, Pagani E, Meani A, Preziosa P, Mistri D, Gueye M, Moiola L, Filippi M, Rocca MA. Cognitive Impairment Is Related to Glymphatic System Dysfunction in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:1080-1092. [PMID: 38481063 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether, compared to pediatric healthy controls (HCs), the glymphatic system is impaired in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) patients according to their cognitive status, and to assess its association with clinical disability and MRI measures of brain structural damage. METHODS Sixty-five pediatric MS patients (females = 62%; median age = 15.5 [interquartile range, IQR = 14.5;17.0] years) and 23 age- and sex-matched HCs (females = 44%; median age = 14.1 [IQR = 11.8;16.2] years) underwent neurological, neuropsychological and 3.0 Tesla MRI assessment, including conventional and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We calculated the diffusion along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index, a proxy of glymphatic function. Cognitive impairment (Co-I) was defined as impairment in at least 2 cognitive domains. RESULTS No significant differences in DTI-ALPS index were found between HCs and cognitively preserved (Co-P) pediatric MS patients (estimated mean difference [EMD] = -0.002 [95% confidence interval = -0.069; 0.065], FDR-p = 0.956). Compared to HCs and Co-P patients, Co-I pediatric MS patients (n = 20) showed significantly lower DTI-ALPS index (EMD = -0.136 [95% confidence interval = -0.214; -0.058], FDR-p ≤ 0.004). In HCs, no associations were observed between DTI-ALPS index and normalized brain, cortical and thalamic volumes, and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) (FDR-p ≥ 0.348). In pediatric MS patients, higher brain WM lesion volume (LV), higher NAWM MD, lower normalized thalamic volume, and lower NAWM FA were associated with lower DTI-ALPS index (FDR-p ≤ 0.016). Random Forest selected lower DTI-ALPS index (relative importance [RI] = 100%), higher brain WM LV (RI = 59.5%) NAWM MD (RI = 57.1%) and intelligence quotient (RI = 51.3%) as informative predictors of cognitive impairment (out-of-bag area under the curve = 0.762). INTERPRETATION Glymphatic system dysfunction occurs in pediatric MS, is associated with brain focal lesions, irreversible tissue loss accumulation and cognitive impairment. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:1080-1092.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Margoni
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pagani
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Meani
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Preziosa
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Damiano Mistri
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mor Gueye
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Moiola
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Rocca
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Xiong Y, Yu Q, Zhi H, Peng H, Xie M, Li R, Li K, Ma Y, Sun P. Advances in the study of the glymphatic system and aging. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14803. [PMID: 38887168 PMCID: PMC11183173 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system is cerebrospinal fluid-brain tissue fluid exchange flow mediated by aquaporin-4 (AQP4) on the end feet of astrocytes for a system, which is capable of rapidly removing brain metabolites and thus maintaining brain homeostasis, and is known as the central immune system. Dysfunction of the glymphatic system causes accumulation of misfolded and highly phosphorylated proteins (amyloid-β and Tau proteins), which destabilizes the proteins, and the body's neuroinflammatory factors are altered causing aging of the immune system and leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Damage to the glymphatic system and aging share common manifestations, as well as unstudied biological mechanisms that are also linked, such as mitochondria, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and sleep. In this paper, we first summarize the structure, function, and research methods of the glymphatic system and the relationship between the glymphatic system and the peripheral immune system, and second, sort out and summarize the factors of the glymphatic system in removing metabolites and resolving aging-related diseases and factors affecting aging, to explore its related biological mechanisms, and moreover, to provide a new way of thinking for treating or intervening aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiong
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Qingying Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Haimei Zhi
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Huiyuan Peng
- Department of RehabilitationZhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhongshanChina
| | - Mingjun Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Renjun Li
- Department of PsychiatryJinan Mental Health CenterJinanChina
| | - Kejian Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and PharmacyShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Peng Sun
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and PharmacyShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
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9
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Rehman MU, Sehar N, Rasool I, Aldossari RM, Wani AB, Rashid SM, Wali AF, Ali A, Arafah A, Khan A. Glymphatic pathway: An emerging perspective in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 39:e6104. [PMID: 38877354 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is widely recognized as the only organ system without lymphatic capillaries to promote the removal of interstitial metabolic by-products. Thus, the newly identified glymphatic system which provides a pseudolymphatic activity in the nervous system has been focus of latest research in neurosciences. Also, findings reported that, sleep stimulates the elimination actions of glymphatic system and is linked to normal brain homeostatis. The CNS is cleared of potentially hazardous compounds via the glymphatic system, particularly during sleep. Any age-related alterations in brain functioning and pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative illnesses indicates the disturbance of the brain's glymphatic system. In this context, β-amyloid as well as tau leaves the CNS through the glymphatic system, it's functioning and CSF discharge markedly altered in elderly brains as per many findings. Thus, glymphatic failure may have a potential mechanism which may be therapeutically targetable in several neurodegenerative and age-associated cognitive diseases. Therefore, there is an urge to focus for more research into the connection among glymphatic system and several potential brain related diseases. Here, in our current review paper, we reviewed current research on the glymphatic system's involvement in a number of prevalent neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases and, we also discussed several therapeutic approaches, diet and life style modifications which might be used to acquire a more thorough performance and purpose of the glymphatic system to decipher novel prospects for clinical applicability for the management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouroz Sehar
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Iyman Rasool
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College (GMC-Srinagar), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rana M Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Bashir Wani
- Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shahzada Mudasir Rashid
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Adil Farooq Wali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aarif Ali
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Siri S, Burchett A, Datta M. Simulating the Impact of Tumor Mechanical Forces on Glymphatic Networks in the Brain Parenchyma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.18.594808. [PMID: 38826201 PMCID: PMC11142116 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.18.594808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Background The brain glymphatic system is currently being explored in the context of many neurological disorders and diseases, including traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and ischemic stroke. However, little is known about the impact of brain tumors on glymphatic function. Mechanical forces generated during tumor development and growth may be responsible for compromised glymphatic transport pathways, reducing waste clearance and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport in the brain parenchyma. One such force is solid stress, i.e., growth-induced forces from cell hyperproliferation and excess matrix deposition. Because there are no prior studies assessing the impact of tumor-derived solid stress on glymphatic system structure and performance in the brain parenchyma, this study serves to fill an important gap in the field. Methods We adapted a previously developed Electrical Analog Model using MATLAB Simulink for glymphatic transport coupled with Finite Element Analysis for tumor mechanical stresses and strains in COMSOL. This allowed simulation of the impact of tumor mechanical force generation on fluid transport within brain parenchymal glymphatic units - which include paravascular spaces, astrocytic networks, interstitial spaces, and capillary basement membranes. We conducted a parametric analysis to compare the contributions of tumor size, tumor proximity, and ratio of glymphatic subunits to the stress and strain experienced by the glymphatic unit and corresponding reduction in flow rate of CSF. Results Mechanical stresses intensify with proximity to the tumor and increasing tumor size, highlighting the vulnerability of nearby glymphatic units to tumor-derived forces. Our stress and strain profiles reveal compressive deformation of these surrounding glymphatics and demonstrate that varying the relative contributions of astrocytes vs. interstitial spaces impact the resulting glymphatic structure significantly under tumor mechanical forces. Increased tumor size and proximity caused increased stress and strain across all glymphatic subunits, as does decreased astrocyte composition. Indeed, our model reveals an inverse correlation between extent of astrocyte contribution to the composition of the glymphatic unit and the resulting mechanical stress. This increased mechanical strain across the glymphatic unit decreases the venous efflux rate of CSF, dependent on the degree of strain and the specific glymphatic subunit of interest. For example, a 20% mechanical strain on capillary basement membranes does not significantly decrease venous efflux (2% decrease in flow rates), while the same magnitude of strain on astrocyte networks and interstitial spaces decreases efflux flow rates by 7% and 22%, respectively. Conclusion Our simulations reveal that solid stress from brain tumors directly reduces glymphatic fluid transport, independently from biochemical effects from cancer cells. Understanding these pathophysiological implications is crucial for developing targeted interventions aimed at restoring effective waste clearance mechanisms in the brain.This study opens potential avenues for future experimental research in brain tumor-related glymphatic dysfunction.
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Liu L, Mo X, He D, Chen X, Xiao R, Cheng Q, Fatima M, Du Y, Xie P. Maternal separation regulates sensitivity of stress-induced depression in mice by affecting hippocampal metabolism. Physiol Behav 2024; 279:114530. [PMID: 38552706 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious mental illness. Previous studies found that early life stress (ELS) plays a vital role in the onset and progression of depression. However, relevant studies have not yet been able to explain the specific effects of early stress on stress-induced depression sensitivity and individual behavior during growth. Therefore, we constructed a maternal separation (MS) model and administered chronic social frustration stress at different stages of their growth while conducting metabolomics analysis on the hippocampus of mice. Our results showed that the immobility time of mice in the forced swimming test was significantly reduced at the end of MS. Meanwhile, mice with MS experience significantly decreased total movement distance in the open field test and sucrose preference ratio in the sucrose preference test when subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) during adolescence. In adulthood, the results were the opposite. In addition, we found that level changes in metabolites such as Beta-alanine, l-aspartic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, and Glycine are closely related to behavioral changes. These metabolites are mainly enriched in Pantothenate, CoA biosynthesis, and Beta Alanine metabolism pathways. Our experiment revealed that the effects of ELS vary across different age groups. It will increase an individual's sensitivity to depression when facing CSDS in adolescence, but it will reduce their sensitivity to depression when facing CSDS in adulthood. This may be achieved by regulating the hippocampus's Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis and Beta Alanine metabolism pathways represented by Beta-alanine, l-Aspartic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, and Glycine metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangdong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Xiaolong Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xueyi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qisheng Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Madiha Fatima
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yamei Du
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
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Bollinger JL, Johnsamuel S, Vollmer LL, Kuhn AM, Wohleb ES. Stress-induced dysfunction of neurovascular astrocytes contributes to sex-specific behavioral deficits. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.14.594147. [PMID: 38798398 PMCID: PMC11118421 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.14.594147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytes form an integral component of the neurovascular unit, ensheathing brain blood vessels with projections high in aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression. These AQP4-rich projections facilitate interaction between the vascular endothelium, astrocytes, and neurons, and help stabilize vascular morphology. Studies using preclinical models of psychological stress and post-mortem tissue from patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have reported reductions in AQP4, loss of astrocytic structures, and vascular impairment in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Though compelling, the role of AQP4 in mediating stress-induced alterations in blood vessel function and behavior remains unclear. Here, we address this, alongside potential sex differences in chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) effects on astrocyte phenotype, blood-brain barrier integrity, and behavior. CUS led to pronounced shifts in stress-coping behavior and working memory deficits in male -but not female- mice. Following behavioral testing, astrocytes from the frontal cortex were isolated for gene expression analyses. We found that CUS increased various transcripts associated with blood vessel maintenance in astrocytes from males, but either had no effect on- or decreased- these genes in females. Furthermore, CUS caused a reduction in vascular-localized AQP4 and elevated extravasation of a small molecule fluorescent reporter (Dextran) in the PFC in males but not females. Studies showed that knockdown of AQP4 in the PFC in males is sufficient to disrupt astrocyte phenotype and increase behavioral susceptibility to a sub-chronic stressor. Collectively, these findings provide initial evidence that sex-specific alterations in astrocyte phenotype and neurovascular integrity in the PFC contribute to behavioral and cognitive consequences following chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin L Bollinger
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Shobha Johnsamuel
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Lauren L Vollmer
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Alexander M Kuhn
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Eric S Wohleb
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Zhou P, Yu X, Song T, Hou X. Safety and efficacy of antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296926. [PMID: 38547138 PMCID: PMC10977718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS Randomized controlled trials and prospective studies on antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with ADHD were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from the inception of databases to November 12, 2022. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Network meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number CRD 42023382824) was carried out by using R Studio 4.2.1. RESULTS 48 studies involving 12 antioxidant drugs (resveratrol, pycnogenol, omega-3, omega-6, quercetin, phosphatidylserine, almond, vitamin D, zinc, folic acid, ginkgo biloba, Acetyl-L-carnitine) were finally included, with 3,650 patients. Network meta-analysis showed that omega-6 (0.18), vitamin D (0.19), and quercetin (0.24) were the top three safest drugs according to SUCRA. The omega-3 (SUCRA 0.35), pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.36), and vitamin D (SUCRA 0.27) were the most effective in improving attention, hyperactivity, and total score of Conners' parent rating scale (CPRS), respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity, and total score of Conners' teacher rating scale (CTRS), pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.32), phosphatidylserine+omega-3 (SUCRA 0.26), and zinc (SUCRA 0.34) were the most effective, respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity and total score of ADHD Rating Scale-Parent, the optimal agents were phosphatidylserine (SUCRA 0.39), resveratrol+MPH (SUCRA 0.24), and phosphatidylserine (SUCRA 0.34), respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity and total score of ADHD Rating Scale-Teacher, pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.32), vitamin D (SUCRA 0.31) and vitamin D (SUCRA 0.18) were the optimal agents, respectively. The response rate of omega-3+6 was the highest in CGI (SUCRA 0.95) and CPT (SUCRA 0.42). CONCLUSION The rankings of safety and efficacy of the 12 antioxidants vary. Due to the low methodological quality of the included studies, the probability ranking cannot fully explain the clinical efficacy, and the results need to be interpreted with caution. More high-quality studies are still needed to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peike Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Cai Y, Zhang Y, Leng S, Ma Y, Jiang Q, Wen Q, Ju S, Hu J. The relationship between inflammation, impaired glymphatic system, and neurodegenerative disorders: A vicious cycle. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 192:106426. [PMID: 38331353 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The term "glymphatic" emerged roughly a decade ago, marking a pivotal point in neuroscience research. The glymphatic system, a glial-dependent perivascular network distributed throughout the brain, has since become a focal point of investigation. There is increasing evidence suggesting that impairment of the glymphatic system appears to be a common feature of neurodegenerative disorders, and this impairment exacerbates as disease progression. Nevertheless, the common factors contributing to glymphatic system dysfunction across most neurodegenerative disorders remain unclear. Inflammation, however, is suspected to play a pivotal role. Dysfunction of the glymphatic system can lead to a significant accumulation of protein and waste products, which can trigger inflammation. The interaction between the glymphatic system and inflammation appears to be cyclical and potentially synergistic. Yet, current research is limited, and there is a lack of comprehensive models explaining this association. In this perspective review, we propose a novel model suggesting that inflammation, impaired glymphatic function, and neurodegenerative disorders interconnected in a vicious cycle. By presenting experimental evidence from the existing literature, we aim to demonstrate that: (1) inflammation aggravates glymphatic system dysfunction, (2) the impaired glymphatic system exacerbated neurodegenerative disorders progression, (3) neurodegenerative disorders progression promotes inflammation. Finally, the implication of proposed model is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yangqiqi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuo Leng
- Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Quan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Qiuting Wen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 355 W.16th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5188, USA
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jiani Hu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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15
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Jiang M, Zhao H. Joint association of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure with depression in adults. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117807. [PMID: 38043898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent significant components of environmental pollution, typically occurring as mixtures, raising concerns about their potential impact on human health. However, the combined effect of HMs and PAHs exposure on depression has not been explored. METHODS Leveraging National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data spanning 2005 to 2016, we employ survey-weighted multiple logistic regression models to probe the interrelation between HMs, PAHs, and depression. This exploration is complemented by age and gender-stratified analyses, as well as a determination of the dose-response linkage via restricted cubic spline regression. Furthermore, the combined impact of HMs and PAHs on depression was evaluated through a range of statistical methodologies. RESULTS The study encompasses 7732 adults. Our findings unveil notable associations, indicating the significant influence of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and all six PAHs metabolites on depression. Moreover, mixed exposure to HMs and PAHs emerges as a substantial contributor to an augmented depression risk, with Cd, Pb, 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-NAP), 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR) likely driving this positive relationship. Intriguingly, subgroup analyses highlight greater prominence of these connections among individuals aged 20-59 and among women. Furthermore, the results tentatively suggest a potential interplay between Cd and 2-NAP in relation to depression. CONCLUSION This study posits that exposure to both individual and combined HMs and PAHs may be associated with an elevated risk of depression. Further prospective investigations are warranted to substantiate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Huang Y, Zhang J, You D, Chen S, Lin Z, Li B, Ling M, Tong H, Li F. Mechanisms underlying palmitic acid-induced disruption of locomotor activity and sleep behavior in Drosophila. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109813. [PMID: 38070757 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The globally prevalent of sleep disorders is partly attributed to unhealthy dietary habits. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of elevated palmitic acid (PA) intake on locomotor activity and sleep behavior in Drosophila. Our results indicate that exposure to PA significantly elevated Drosophila's daytime and nighttime locomotor activity while concurrently reducing overall sleep duration. Utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing, we observed substantial alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota induced by PA, notably, characterized by a significant reduction in Lactobacillus plantarum. Furthermore, PA significantly increased the levels of inflammatory factors Upd3 and Eiger in Drosophila intestines, and downregulated the expression of Gad and Tph, as well as 5-HT1A. Conversely, Gdh and Hdc were significantly upregulated in the PA group. Supplementation with L. plantarum or lactic acid significantly ameliorated PA-induced disruptions in both locomotor activity and sleep behavior. This supplementation also suppressed the expression of intestinal inflammatory factors, thus restoring impaired neurotransmitter-mediated sleep-wake regulation. Moreover, specific knockdown of intestinal epithelial Upd3 or Eiger similarly restored disrupted neurotransmitter expression, ultimately improving PA-induced disturbances in Drosophila locomotor activity and sleep behavior. These findings provide important insights into the intricate interplay between dietary components and essential behaviors, highlighting potential avenues for addressing health challenges associated with modern dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Huang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Dongdong You
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Shangqin Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Zhongdong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Boyang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Menglai Ling
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
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Xie Z, Li T, Su W, Lou Y, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Li Z, Bai X, Liu X. Extension domain of amyloid processor protein inhibits amyloidogenic cleavage and balances neural activity in a traumatic brain injury mouse model. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14402. [PMID: 37592823 PMCID: PMC10848085 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms underlying cognitive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI) partially due to abnormal amyloid processor protein (APP) cleavage and neural hyperactivity. Binding of the extension domain of APP (ExD17) to the GABAbR1 receptor results in reduced neural activity, which might play a role in the mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction caused by TBI. METHODS Stretch-induced injury was utilized to establish a cell injury model in HT22 cells. The TBI model was created by striking the exposed brain tissue with a free-falling weight. Topical or intraperitoneal administration of ExD17 was performed. Cell viability was assessed through a cell counting kit-8 assay, while intracellular Ca2+ was measured using Fluo-4. Western blotting was used to investigate the expression of APP amyloidogenic cleavage proteins, GABAbR1, phospholipase C (PLC), PLCB3, and synaptic proteins. ELISA was performed to analyze the levels of Aβ42. Seizures were assessed using electroencephalography (EEG). Behaviors were evaluated through the novel object recognition test, open field test, elevated plus maze test, and nest-building test. RESULTS ExD17 improved cell viability and reduced intracellular calcium in the cell injury model. The treatment also suppressed the increased expression of APP amyloidogenic cleavage proteins and Aβ42 in both cell injury and TBI models. ExD17 treatment reversed the abnormal expression of GABAbR1, GRIA2, p-PLCG1/PLCG1 ratio, and p-PLCB3/PLCB3 ratio. In addition, ExD17 treatment reduced neural activity, seizure events, and their duration in TBI. Intraperitoneal injection of ExD17 improved behavioral outcomes in the TBI mouse model. CONCLUSIONS ExD17 treatment results in a reduction of amyloidogenic APP cleavage and neuroexcitotoxicity, ultimately leading to an improvement in the behavioral deficits observed in TBI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Xie
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Tianyu Li
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wei Su
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yanyun Lou
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiyuan Zhou
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xinghua Liu
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical, Tongji Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Hu YH, Su T, Wu L, Wu JF, Liu D, Zhu LQ, Yuan M. Deregulation of the Glymphatic System in Alzheimer's Disease: Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2023.1229. [PMID: 38270115 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and is characterized by progressive degeneration of brain function. AD gradually affects the parts of the brain that control thoughts, language, behavior and mental function, severely impacting a person's ability to carry out daily activities and ultimately leading to death. The accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and the aggregation of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau are the two key pathological hallmarks of AD. AD is a complex condition that involves both non-genetic risk factors (35%) and genetic risk factors (58-79%). The glymphatic system plays an essential role in clearing metabolic waste, transporting tissue fluid, and participating in the immune response. Both non-genetic and genetic risk factors affect the glymphatic system to varying degrees. The main purpose of this review is to summarize the underlying mechanisms involved in the deregulation of the glymphatic system during the progression of AD, especially concerning the diverse contributions of non-genetic and genetic risk factors. In the future, new targets and interventions that modulate these interrelated mechanisms will be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jun-Fang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Zhan M, Liu X, Xia X, Yang Y, Xie Y, Zhang L, Lin C, Zhu J, Ding W, Xu S. Promotion of neuroinflammation by the glymphatic system: a new insight into ethanol extracts from Alisma orientale in alleviating obesity-associated cognitive impairment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155147. [PMID: 37864890 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the critical risk factors for cognitive dysfunction. The glymphatic system (GS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cognitive deficits. Alisma orientale has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antihyperlipidemic effects, whereas its effects and underlying mechanisms on obesity-associated cognitive impairment (OACI) are unclear. PURPOSE This work aims to decipher the mechanism of ethanol extracts from Alisma orientale (EEAO) in restoring cognitive impairment in HFD-induced obese mice through a GS approach. METHODS The restoration of abnormal glucose/lipid metabolism and excess adipose deposition by EEAO were assayed by biochemical analysis and visually displayed by a micro-CT scanner and Oil Red O staining. Biochemical assays and Western blotting (WB) were used to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF), free fatty acid (FFAs) levels and the structural integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Microglial activation and neuroinflammation were assessed with immunohistochemistry staining, ELISA and WB. Moreover, GS function was determined by immunofluorescence staining, fluorescence tracer imaging and WB. Finally, the neuropathological features and cognitive functions were detested with immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence and Morris Water Maze. RESULTS EEAO not only alleviated body weight, cerebral lipid accumulation and serum FFAs in HFD-induced obese mice, but also increased CBF and BBB integrity. EEAO suppressed microglial activation and lipid deposition in the hippocampus and reduced the level of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in brain tissue. Interestingly, long-term HFD-induced GS dysfunction was significantly restored after EEAO intervention, and neuropathological lesions and cognitive deficits were also markedly rescued. CONCLUSION EEAO rescued the cognitive deficits of OACI by inhibiting neuroinflammation and restoring GS dysfunction, indicating a potential remedy for OACI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiuwen Xia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Youjun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ya Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunqiao Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiushuang Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Weijun Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Shijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Barlattani T, Grandinetti P, Cintio AD, Montemagno A, Testa R, D'Amelio C, Olivieri L, Tomasetti C, Rossi A, Pacitti F, De Berardis D. Glymphatic System and Psychiatric Disorders: A Rapid Comprehensive Scoping Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:2016-2033. [PMID: 39234773 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666240130091235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since discovering the glymphatic system, there has been a looming interest in exploring its relationship with psychiatric disorders. Recently, increasing evidence suggests an involvement of the glymphatic system in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. However, clear data are still lacking. In this context, this rapid comprehensive PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) scoping review aims to identify and analyze current evidence about the relation between the glymphatic system and psychiatric disorders. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature and then proceeded to discuss the findings narratively. Tables were then constructed and articles were sorted according to authors, year, title, location of study, sample size, psychiatric disorder, the aim of the study, principal findings, implications. RESULTS Twenty papers were identified as eligible, among which 2 articles on Schizophrenia, 1 on Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2 on Depression, 1 on Depression and Trauma-related Disorders, 1 on Depression and Anxiety, 2 on Anxiety and Sleep Disorders, 8 on Sleep Disorders, 2 on Alcohol use disorder and 1 on Cocaine Use Disorder. CONCLUSION This review suggests a correlation between the glymphatic system and several psychiatric disorders: Schizophrenia, Depression, Anxiety Disorders, Sleep Disorders, Alcohol Use Disorder, Cocaine Use Disorder, Trauma-Related Disorders, and Autism Spectrum Disorders. Impairment of the glymphatic system could play a role in Trauma-Related Disorders, Alcohol Use Disorders, Cocaine Use Disorders, Sleep Disorders, Depression, and Autism Spectrum Disorders. It is important to implement research on this topic and adopt standardized markers and radio diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Barlattani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Paolo Grandinetti
- National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital G. Mazzini, ASL 4 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alexsander Di Cintio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessio Montemagno
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberta Testa
- National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital G. Mazzini, ASL 4 Teramo, Italy
| | - Chiara D'Amelio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Luigi Olivieri
- National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital G. Mazzini, ASL 4 Teramo, Italy
| | - Carmine Tomasetti
- National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital G. Mazzini, ASL 4 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Pacitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Domenico De Berardis
- National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital G. Mazzini, ASL 4 Teramo, Italy
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Li J, Huang N, Zhang X, Peng J, Huang Q. Positive association between omega-3/6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1269494. [PMID: 38174046 PMCID: PMC10762850 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1269494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a common disease among the elderly, which brings great harm to the health of patients and imposes a huge economic burden on the healthcare system. Research has shown that it is possible to prevent iNPH through nutritional and dietary interventions. Intake of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can reduce the risk of many diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between omega-3/6 PUFAs and iNPH. Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary data from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to evaluate the potential impact of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs on the risk of iNPH in European populations. Inverse variance weighting was used as the main method for MR analysis, with Wald ratio, weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode as supplementary methods. In addition, we performed a series of instrument variable strength evaluations and sensitivity analyses to test the reliability of the study results. Finally, we also conducted a linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis to assess the genetic correlation and distinguish between causal associations and shared genetic variants between PUFAs and iNPH. Results: One SD increase in genetically predicted levels of total omega-3 PUFAs (OR: 0.748; 95% CI: 0.597-0.937; p = 0.012; IVW), DHA (OR: 0.709; 95% CI: 0.532-0.945; p = 0.019; IVW), ALA (OR: 0.001; 95% CI: 1.17E-06-0.423; p = 0.026; Wald ratio), and DHA (OR: 0.709; 95% CI: 0.532-0.945; p = 0.019; IVW) were associated with a reduced iNPH risk. LDSC did not reveal any significant genetic correlations. Conclusion: Higher genetically predicted levels of total omega-3 PUFAs, ALA, DHA, and DPA are associated with a reduced risk of iNPH. These findings have important implications for preventing iNPH and future nutritional guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wei J, Xie J, He J, Li D, Wei D, Li Y, Li X, Fang W, Wei G, Lai K. Active fraction of Polyrhachis vicina (Roger) alleviated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting SIRT3-mediated mitophagy and angiogenesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155104. [PMID: 37797433 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Damaged mitophagy and impaired angiogenesis involve in the pathogenic development of ischemic stroke. Active fraction of Polyrhachis vicina (Roger) (AFPR) showed great potential on neurological disease with it's remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. PURPOSE This study designed to clarify the correlation between Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and angiogenesis after stroke, and to elucidate the role of SIRT3 in regulating mitophagy and angiogenesis, and to address the mechanism of AFPR on promoting mitophagy and angiogenesis in microvessels endothelium of ischemic brain. STUDY DESIGN A cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIR) rat model was developed by middle cerebral artery occlusion procedure. bEnd.3 cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to mimic CIR process. Neurological function, mitophagy and angiogenesis related indicators were measured. SIRT3 siRNA and 3-MA were used to verify the interaction between SIRT3-mediated mitophagy and angiogenesis. METHODS CIR rats were orally treated with AFPR (8 and 4 g raw drug /kg) and Nimodipine (10.8 mg/kg) for 12 days to mimic the recovery phase post-stroke. The neurological function assessment, TTC staining, HE staining, TUNEL staining and Nissl staining were performed to assess neuroprotective effects of AFPR against CIR. Then CD31-labeled microvessel density in brain was visualized and quantified by immunofluorescence staining. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was assessed by transmission electron microscope scanning. Expressions of relative proteins,e.g. SIRT3, Pink1, Parkin, LC3-II, p62, VEGFA, involving in mitophagy and angiogenesis, were detected by Western blotting analysis. In vitro, bEnd.3 cells were cultured with AFPR or in combination of autophagy inhibitor 3-MA during the reoxygenation. Then cell viability, and LDH releasing were measured. Angiogenic indicators,such as migration and tube formation activity, VEGFA level were determined. To assess effects of AFPR on mitophagy, mitophagy-related proteins were detected, as well as the autophagosome engulfment and lysosome degradation of mitochondria. To address the role of SIRT3, deacetylation activity of SIRT3 was validated by detecting acetylated FOXO3A level with co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay. Pre-treatment of siRNA or combination use of 3-MA were used to verify the detailed mechanism. RESULTS AFPR remarkably reduced neurological scores and infarct size, alleviated neuron apoptosis in cortex, and increased Nissl density in hippocampus of CIR rats. In addition, AFPR significantly promoted angiogenesis by increasing microvessels density and VEGFA expressions, increased SIRT3 expression, and activated Pink1/Parkin mediated mitophagy. In bEnd.3 cells, the combination use of 3-MA and AFPR further demonstrated that AFPR might promote angiogenesis after OGD/R injury through activating Pink1/Parkin mediated mitophagy. Co-IP assay suggested AFPR reduced acetylated FOXO3A level. This might be correlated with an elevation of SIRT3 expression and it's deacetylation activity. SIRT3 siRNA pretreatment significantly abolished the activation of mitophagy through Pink1/Parkin axis, eventually inhibited angiogenesis. CONCLUSION AFPR promoted angiogenesis through activating mitophagy after cerebral ischemia reperfusion, which might partially involved in the amelioration of SIRT3-mediated regulation on Pink1/Parkin axis. Our study will shed new light on the role of SIRT3 in ischemic brain, especially in regulating mitophagy and angiogenesis after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Jiaxiu Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Junhui He
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Dongmei Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Weirong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guining Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China.
| | - Kedao Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China.
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Yao D, Li R, Hao J, Huang H, Wang X, Ran L, Fang Y, He Y, Wang W, Liu X, Wang M. Melatonin alleviates depression-like behaviors and cognitive dysfunction in mice by regulating the circadian rhythm of AQP4 polarization. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:310. [PMID: 37802998 PMCID: PMC10558463 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02614-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common chronic psychiatric illness, which is resistant to medical treatments. While melatonin may alleviate certain depression symptoms, evidence for its efficacy against core symptoms is lacking. Here, we tested a mechanism whereby melatonin rescues the behavioral outcomes of the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model of depression. CUMS mice showed depressive behaviors to tail suspension, open field behavior, and sucrose preference test, and cognitive dysfunction in the Morris water maze. Impairments in these measures were relieved by melatonin treatment. Moreover, CUMS mice had impaired glymphatic function across the sleep-wake cycle due to the astrocytic loss and disturbance of circadian regulation of the polarized expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels in perivascular astrocytes. EEG results in CUMS mice showed a reduced total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, due to sleep fragmentation in the light phase. CUMS mice lost the normal rhythmic expressions of circadian proteins Per2, Cry2, Bmal1, Clock, and Per1. However, the melatonin treatment restored glymphatic system function and the polarization of AQP4, while improving sleep structure, and rectifying the abnormal expression of Per2, Bmal1, Clock, and Per1 in CUMS mice. Interestingly, Per2 expression correlated negatively with the polarization of AQP4. Further studies demonstrated that Per2 directed the location of AQP4 expression via interactions with the α-dystrobrevin (Dtna) subunit of AQP4 in primary cultured astrocytes. In conclusion, we report a new mechanism whereby melatonin improves depression outcomes by regulating the expression of the circadian protein Per2, maintaining the circadian rhythm of astrocytic AQP4 polarization, and restoring glymphatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiahuan Hao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongqing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xubiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lusen Ran
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuqin He
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xinghua Liu
- Trauma Centre/ Department of Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Minghuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Li Y, Que M, Wang X, Zhan G, Zhou Z, Luo X, Li S. Exploring Astrocyte-Mediated Mechanisms in Sleep Disorders and Comorbidity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2476. [PMID: 37760916 PMCID: PMC10525869 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the brain, are integral to sleep regulation. In the context of a healthy neural environment, these glial cells exert a profound influence on the sleep-wake cycle, modulating both rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep phases. However, emerging literature underscores perturbations in astrocytic function as potential etiological factors in sleep disorders, either as protopathy or comorbidity. As known, sleep disorders significantly increase the risk of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic, or psychiatric diseases. Meanwhile, sleep disorders are commonly screened as comorbidities in various neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, and others. Building on existing research that examines the role of astrocytes in sleep disorders, this review aims to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which astrocytes influence sleep regulation and contribute to sleep disorders in the varied settings of brain diseases. The review emphasizes the significance of astrocyte-mediated mechanisms in sleep disorders and their associated comorbidities, highlighting the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.); (X.W.); (G.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Mengxin Que
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.); (X.W.); (G.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.); (X.W.); (G.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Gaofeng Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.); (X.W.); (G.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.); (X.W.); (G.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaoxiao Luo
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.); (M.Q.); (X.W.); (G.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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Gao Y, Liu K, Zhu J. Glymphatic system: an emerging therapeutic approach for neurological disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1138769. [PMID: 37485040 PMCID: PMC10359151 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1138769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The functions of the glymphatic system include clearance of the metabolic waste and modulation of the water transport in the brain, and it forms a brain-wide fluid network along with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid (ISF). The glymphatic pathway consists of periarterial influx of CSF, astrocyte-mediated interchange between ISF and CSF supported by aquaporin-4 (AQP4) on the endfeet of astrocyte around the periarterioles, and perivenous efflux of CSF. Finally, CSF is absorbed by the arachnoid granules or flows into the cervical lymphatic vessels. There is growing evidence from animal experiments that the glymphatic system dysfunction is involved in many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury and meningitis. In this review, we summarize the latest progress on the glymphatic system and its driving factors, as well as changes in the glymphatic pathway in different neurological diseases. We significantly highlight the likely therapeutic approaches for glymphatic pathway in neurological diseases, and the importance of AQP4 and normal sleep architecture in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
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Davoudi S, Rahdar M, Hosseinmardi N, Behzadi G, Janahmadi M. Chronic inhibition of astrocytic aquaporin-4 induces autistic-like behavior in control rat offspring similar to maternal exposure to valproic acid. Physiol Behav 2023:114286. [PMID: 37402416 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Social communication and interaction deficits, memory impairment, and anxiety-like behavior are characterized in many people identified with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A thorough understanding of the specific aspects that contribute to the deficiencies associated with ASD can aid research into the etiology of the disorder while also providing targets for more effective intervention. As part of the ASD pathophysiology, alterations in synaptogenesis and abnormal network connections were seen in high-order brain areas, which control social behavior and communication. The early emergence of microglia during nervous system development may contribute to synaptic dysfunction and the pathobiology of ASD. Since aquaporin-4 (AQP4) appears to be required for the basic procedures of synapse activation, certain behavioral and cognitive impairments as well as disturbance in water homeostasis might likely arise from AQP4 deficiency. Here, through the measurement of the water content of the hippocampus and behavioral experiments we aim to explore the contribution of astrocytic AQP4 to the autism-like behavior induced by prenatal valproic acid (VPA) exposure and whether inhibition of AQP4 per se can induce autistic-like behavior in control rats. Microinjection of TGN-020 (10µM, i.c.v), a specific AQP4 inhibitor, for 7 successive days before behavioral tasks from postnatal day 28 to 35 revealed that inhibition of AQP4 in the control offspring caused lower social interaction and locomotor activity, higher anxiety, and decreased ability to recognize novel objects, very similar to the behavioral changes observed in offspring prenatally exposed to VPA. However, VPA-exposed offspring treated with TGN-020, showed no further remarkable behavioral impairments than those detected in the autistic-like rats. Furthermore, both control offspring treated with TGN-020 and offspring exposed to VPA had a considerable accumulation of water in their hippocampi. But AQP4 inhibition did not affect the water status of the autistic-like rats. The findings of this study revealed that control offspring exhibited similar hippocampal water retention and behavioral impairments that were observed in maternal VPA-exposed offspring following inhibition of astrocytic AQP4, whereas, in autistic-like rats, it did not produce any significant change in water content and behaviors. Findings suggest that AQP4 deficiency could be associated with autistic disorder and may be a potential pharmaceutical target for treating autism in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Davoudi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Rahdar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Hosseinmardi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gila Behzadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Janahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Zhang K, Ran W, Zhu X, Zhong W, Chen Y, Li J, Sun J, Lou M. Glymphatic function plays a protective role in ageing-related cognitive decline. Age Ageing 2023; 52:afad107. [PMID: 37392401 PMCID: PMC10314787 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The glymphatic pathway, characterised as a cerebral drainage system, influences cognitive function in neurodegenerative diseases; however, evidence is limited in a normal ageing population. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glymphatic function on ageing-related cognitive decline. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the Cognitive Impairment, Retinopathy, and Cerebrovascular Lesions in the Elderly (CIRCLE) study, and participants with multi-model magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and Mini-Mental State Examinations (MMSE) were enrolled. Glymphatic function was evaluated via the diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. Regression models were used to estimate the impact of the DTI-ALPS index on cognitive decline cross-sectionally and longitudinally. We further analysed the mediation effect of the DTI-ALPS on age and cognitive function. RESULTS A total of 633 participants were included in this study (48.2% female; mean age, 62.8 ± 8.9 years). The DTI-ALPS index was positively associated with cognitive function cross-sectionally (β = 0.108, P = 0.003), and was an independent protective factor for cognitive decline longitudinally (odds ratio (OR) = 0.029, P = 0.007). The DTI-ALPS index declined progressively with ageing (r = -0.319, P <0.001), and the decrease was more pronounced after 65 years of age. Furthermore, the DTI-ALPS index mediated the relationship between age and MMSE score (β = -0.016, P <0.001). The mediation effect accounted for 21.3%, which was higher in subjects aged over 65 years (25.3%) compared with those aged under 65 years (5.3%). CONCLUSION Glymphatic function played a protective role in normal ageing-related cognitive decline, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target against cognitive decline in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Kemeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wang Ran
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wansi Zhong
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jiaping Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Min Lou
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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Liu X, He J, Jiang W, Wen S, Xiao Z. The Roles of Periaqueductal Gray and Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Dopaminergic Systems in the Mechanisms of Thermal Hypersensitivity and Depression in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:1213-1228. [PMID: 36796500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Depression and thermal hypersensitivity share pathogenic features and symptomology, but their pathophysiologic interactions have not been fully elucidated. Dopaminergic systems in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) and dorsal raphe nucleus have been implicated in these conditions due to their antinociception and antidepression effects, although their specific roles and underlying mechanisms remain obscure. In this study, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS) was used to induce depression-like behaviors and thermal hypersensitivity in C57BL/6J (wild-type) or dopamine transporter promoter mice to establish a mouse model of pain and depression comorbidity. Microinjections of quinpirole, a dopamine D2 receptor agonist, up-regulated D2 receptor expression in dorsal raphe nucleus and reduced depressive behaviors and thermal hypersensitivity with CMS, while dorsal raphe nucleus injections of JNJ-37822681, an antagonist of D2 receptors, had the reciprocal effect on dopamine D2 receptor expression and behaviors. Moreover, using a chemical genetics approach to activate or inhibit dopaminergic neurons in vlPAG ameliorated or exacerbated depression-like behaviors and thermal hypersensitivity, respectively, in dopamine transporter promoter-Cre CMS mice. Collectively these results demonstrated the specific role of vlPAG and dorsal raphe nucleus dopaminergic systems in the regulation of pain and depression comorbidity in mice. PERSPECTIVE: The current study provides insights into the complex mechanisms underlying thermal hypersensitivity induced by depression, and the findings suggest that pharmacological and chemogenetic modulation of dopaminergic systems in the vlPAG and dorsal raphe nucleus may be a promising therapeutic strategy to simultaneously mitigate pain and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfeng Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingxin He
- Graduate School, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Graduate School, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Song Wen
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhi Xiao
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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Zhao J, He Y, Duan Y, Ma Y, Dong H, Zhang X, Fang R, Zhang Y, Yu M, Huang F. HDAC6 Deficiency Has Moderate Effects on Behaviors and Parkinson's Disease Pathology in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9975. [PMID: 37373121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is involved in the regulation of protein aggregation and neuroinflammation, but its role in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. In this study, Hdac6-/- mice were generated by CRISPR-Cas9 technology for exploring the effect of HDAC6 on the pathological progression of PD. We found that male Hdac6-/- mice exhibit hyperactivity and certain anxiety. In the acute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice, though motor injury was slightly alleviated by HDAC6 deficiency, dopamine (DA) depletion in the striatum, the decrease in the number of DA neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and the reduction in DA neuronal terminals were not affected. In addition, activation of glial cells and the expression of α-synuclein, as well as the levels of apoptosis-related proteins in the nigrostriatal pathway, were not changed in MPTP-injected wild-type and Hdac6-/- mice. Therefore, HDAC6 deficiency leads to moderate alterations of behaviors and Parkinson's disease pathology in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Zhao
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yongtao He
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufei Duan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongtian Dong
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rong Fang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunhe Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhang X, Wang W, Zhang X, Bai X, Yuan Z, Zhang P, Bai R, Jiao B, Zhang Y, Li Z, Tang H, Zhang Y, Yu X, Wang Y, Sui B. Normal glymphatic system function in patients with new daily persistent headache using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space. Headache 2023; 63:663-671. [PMID: 37140029 DOI: 10.1111/head.14514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the glymphatic function in patients with new daily persistent headache (NDPH) using the diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) method. BACKGROUND NDPH, a rare and treatment-refractory primary headache disorder, is poorly understood. There is limited evidence to suggest that headaches are associated with glymphatic dysfunction. Thus far, no studies have evaluated glymphatic function in patients with NDPH. METHODS In this cross-sectional study conducted in the Headache Center of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, patients with NDPH and healthy controls were enrolled. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Clinical characteristics and neuropsychological evaluation were examined in patients with NDPH. ALPS indexes for both hemispheres were measured to determine the glymphatic system function in patients with NDPH and healthy controls. RESULTS In total, 27 patients with NDPH (14 males, 13 females; age [mean ± standard deviation (SD)]: 36.6 ± 20.6) and 33 healthy controls (15 males, 18 females; age [mean ± SD]: 36.0 ± 10.8) were included in the analysis. No significant differences between groups were observed in the left ALPS index (1.583 ± 0.182 vs. 1.586 ± 0.175, mean difference = 0.003, 95% confidence interval [CI] of difference = -0.089 to 0.096, p = 0.942), or right ALPS index (1.578 ± 0.230 vs. 1.559 ± 0.206, mean difference = -0.027, 95% CI of difference = -0.132 to 0.094, p = 0.738). Additionally, ALPS indexes were not correlated with clinical characteristics or neuropsychiatric scores. CONCLUSION No glymphatic dysfunction was detected in patients with NDPH by means of the ALPS method. Additional studies with larger samples are needed to confirm these preliminary findings and improve the understanding of glymphatic function in NDPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiliang Bai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Affiliated Sir Run Shumen Shaw Hospital and Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingkui Zhang
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiye Li
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hefei Tang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Sui
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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31
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Amidfar M, Garcez ML, Kim YK. The shared molecular mechanisms underlying aging of the brain, major depressive disorder, and Alzheimer's disease: The role of circadian rhythm disturbances. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 123:110721. [PMID: 36702452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An association with circadian clock function and pathophysiology of aging, major depressive disorder (MDD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well established and has been proposed as a factor in the development of these diseases. Depression and changes in circadian rhythm have been increasingly suggested as the two primary overlapping and interpenetrating changes that occur with aging. The relationship between AD and depression in late life is not completely understood and probably is complex. Patients with major depression or AD suffer from disturbed sleep/wake cycles and altered rhythms in daily activities. Although classical monoaminergic hypotheses are traditionally proposed to explain the pathophysiology of MDD, several clinical and preclinical studies have reported a strong association between circadian rhythm and mood regulation. In addition, a large body of evidence supports an association between disruption of circadian rhythm and AD. Some clock genes are dysregulated in rodent models of depression. If aging, AD, and MDD share a common biological basis in pathophysiology, common therapeutic tools could be investigated for their prevention and treatment. Nitro-oxidative stress (NOS), for example, plays a fundamental role in aging, as well as in the pathogenesis of AD and MDD and is associated with circadian clock disturbances. Thus, development of therapeutic possibilities with these NOS-related conditions is advisable. This review describes recent findings that link disrupted circadian clocks to aging, MDD, and AD and summarizes the experimental evidence that supports connections between the circadian clock and molecular pathologic factors as shared common pathophysiological mechanisms underlying aging, AD, and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Amidfar
- Department of Neuroscience, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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32
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Xu J, Su Y, Fu J, Shen Y, Dong Q, Cheng X. Glymphatic pathway in sporadic cerebral small vessel diseases: From bench to bedside. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101885. [PMID: 36801378 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVD) consist of a group of diseases with high heterogeneity induced by pathologies of intracranial small blood vessels. Endothelium dysfunction, bloodbrain barrier leakage and the inflammatory response are traditionally considered to participate in the pathogenesis of CSVD. However, these features cannot fully explain the complex syndrome and related neuroimaging characteristics. In recent years, the glymphatic pathway has been discovered to play a pivotal role in clearing perivascular fluid and metabolic solutes, which has provided novel insights into neurological disorders. Researchers have also explored the potential role of perivascular clearance dysfunction in CSVD. In this review, we presented a brief overview of CSVD and the glymphatic pathway. In addition, we elucidated CSVD pathogenesis from the perspective of glymphatic failure, including basic animal models and clinical neuroimaging markers. Finally, we proposed forthcoming clinical applications targeting the glymphatic pathway, hoping to provide novel ideas on promising therapies and preventions of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Xu
- Department of Neurology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Centre for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Su
- Department of Neurology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Centre for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Fu
- Department of Neurology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Centre for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC and Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Centre for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Neurology, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Centre for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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33
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He JR, Rubini P, Li BM, Yin HY, Tang Y, Illes P. Beneficial effect of electroacupuncture on the distribution of foreign substances in the brain of rats developing depression-like behavior. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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34
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Yao D, Zhang R, Xie M, Ding F, Wang M, Wang W. Updated Understanding of the Glial-Vascular Unit in Central Nervous System Disorders. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:503-518. [PMID: 36374471 PMCID: PMC10043098 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00977-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of the glial-vascular unit (GVU) was raised recently to emphasize the close associations between brain cells and cerebral vessels, and their coordinated reactions to diverse neurological insults from a "glio-centric" view. GVU is a multicellular structure composed of glial cells, perivascular cells, and perivascular space. Each component is closely linked, collectively forming the GVU. The central roles of glial and perivascular cells and their multi-level interconnections in the GVU under normal conditions and in central nervous system (CNS) disorders have not been elucidated in detail. Here, we comprehensively review the intensive interactions between glial cells and perivascular cells in the niche of perivascular space, which take part in the modulation of cerebral blood flow and angiogenesis, formation of the blood-brain barrier, and clearance of neurotoxic wastes. Next, we discuss dysfunctions of the GVU in various neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, and major depression disorder. In addition, we highlight the possible therapies targeting the GVU, which may have potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruoying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Minjie Xie
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fengfei Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Minghuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Han Y, Gu S, Li Y, Qian X, Wang F, Huang JH. Neuroendocrine pathogenesis of perimenopausal depression. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1162501. [PMID: 37065890 PMCID: PMC10098367 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1162501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of social economics and the increase of working pressure, more and more women are suffering from long-term serious stress and showing symptoms of perimenopausal depression (PMD). The incidence rate of PMD is increasing, and the physical and mental health are seriously affected. However, due to the lack of accurate knowledge of pathophysiology, its diagnosis and treatment cannot be accurately executed. By consulting the relevant literature in recent years, this paper elaborates the neuroendocrine mechanism of perimenopausal depression from the aspects of epigenetic changes, monoamine neurotransmitter and receptor hypothesis, glial cell-induced neuroinflammation, estrogen receptor, interaction between HPA axis and HPG axis, and micro-organism-brain gut axis. The purpose is to probe into new ways of treatment of PMD by providing new knowledge about the neuroendocrine mechanism and treatment of PMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Han
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Simeng Gu
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Simeng Gu,
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xin Qian
- Department of Psychology, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fushun Wang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jason H. Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, TX, United States
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX, United States
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36
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Wu T, Liu R, Zhang L, Rifky M, Sui W, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Yin J, Zhang M. Dietary intervention in depression - a review. Food Funct 2022; 13:12475-12486. [PMID: 36408608 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02795j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a mental illness that affects the normal lives of over 300 million people. Unfortunately, about 30% to 40% of patients do not adequately respond to pharmacotherapy and other therapies. This review focuses on exploring the relationship between dietary nutrition and depression, aiming to find safer and efficient ingredients to alleviate depression. Diet can affect depression in numerous ways. These pathways include the regulation of tryptophan metabolism, inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, microbe-gut-brain axis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and epigenetics. Furthermore, probiotics, micronutrients, and other active substances exhibit significant antidepressant effects by regulating the above pathways. These provide insights for developing antidepressant foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Mohamed Rifky
- Eastern University of Sri Lanka, Chenkalady 999011, Sri Lanka
| | - Wenjie Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Qiaomei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60100, Italy
| | - Jinjin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China. .,Tianjin Agricultural University, and China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China.
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37
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Xu JQ, Liu QQ, Huang SY, Duan CY, Lu HB, Cao Y, Hu JZ. The lymphatic system: a therapeutic target for central nervous system disorders. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1249-1256. [PMID: 36453401 PMCID: PMC9838139 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature forms an organized network that covers the whole body and is involved in fluid homeostasis, metabolite clearance, and immune surveillance. The recent identification of functional lymphatic vessels in the meninges of the brain and the spinal cord has provided novel insights into neurophysiology. They emerge as major pathways for fluid exchange. The abundance of immune cells in lymphatic vessels and meninges also suggests that lymphatic vessels are actively involved in neuroimmunity. The lymphatic system, through its role in the clearance of neurotoxic proteins, autoimmune cell infiltration, and the transmission of pro-inflammatory signals, participates in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases and traumatic injury. Vascular endothelial growth factor C is the master regulator of lymphangiogenesis, a process that is critical for the maintenance of central nervous system homeostasis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge and recent advances relating to the anatomical features and immunological functions of the lymphatic system of the central nervous system and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for neurological disorders and central nervous system repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Mobile Health Ministry of Education - China Mobile Joint Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qian-Qi Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Mobile Health Ministry of Education - China Mobile Joint Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sheng-Yuan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chun-Yue Duan
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Mobile Health Ministry of Education - China Mobile Joint Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Bin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Mobile Health Ministry of Education - China Mobile Joint Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Correspondence to: Yong Cao, or ; Hong-Bin Lu, ; Jian-Zhong Hu, .
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Mobile Health Ministry of Education - China Mobile Joint Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Correspondence to: Yong Cao, or ; Hong-Bin Lu, ; Jian-Zhong Hu, .
| | - Jian-Zhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Mobile Health Ministry of Education - China Mobile Joint Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China,Correspondence to: Yong Cao, or ; Hong-Bin Lu, ; Jian-Zhong Hu, .
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Monoamine Neurotransmitters Control Basic Emotions and Affect Major Depressive Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101203. [PMID: 36297314 PMCID: PMC9611768 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and complex mental disorder, that adversely impacts an individual’s quality of life, but its diagnosis and treatment are not accurately executed and a symptom-based approach is utilized in most cases, due to the lack of precise knowledge regarding the pathophysiology. So far, the first-line treatments are still based on monoamine neurotransmitters. Even though there is a lot of progress in this field, the mechanisms seem to get more and more confusing, and the treatment is also getting more and more controversial. In this study, we try to review the broad advances of monoamine neurotransmitters in the field of MDD, and update its effects in many advanced neuroscience studies. We still propose the monoamine hypothesis but paid special attention to their effects on the new pathways for MDD, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, neurotrophins, and neurogenesis, especially in the glial cells, which have recently been found to play an important role in many neurodegenerative disorders, including MDD. In addition, we will extend the monoamine hypothesis to basic emotions; as suggested in our previous reports, the three monoamine neurotransmitters play different roles in emotions: dopamine—joy, norepinephrine—fear (anger), serotonins—disgust (sadness). Above all, this paper tries to give a full picture of the relationship between the MDD and the monoamine neurotransmitters such as DA, NE, and 5-HT, as well as their contributions to the Three Primary Color Model of Basic Emotions (joy, fear, and disgust). This is done by explaining the contribution of the monoamine from many sides for MDD, such the digestive tract, astrocytes, microglial, and others, and very briefly addressing the potential of monoamine neurotransmitters as a therapeutic approach for MDD patients and also the reasons for its limited clinical efficacy, side effects, and delayed onset of action. We hope this review might offer new pharmacological management of MDD.
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The glymphatic system: implications for drugs for central nervous system diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:763-779. [PMID: 35948785 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-022-00500-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, evidence for a fluid clearance pathway in the central nervous system known as the glymphatic system has grown. According to the glymphatic system concept, cerebrospinal fluid flows directionally through the brain and non-selectively clears the interstitium of metabolic waste. Importantly, the glymphatic system may be modulated by particular drugs such as anaesthetics, as well as by non-pharmacological factors such as sleep, and its dysfunction has been implicated in central nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer disease. Although the glymphatic system is best described in rodents, reports using multiple neuroimaging modalities indicate that a similar transport system exists in the human brain. Here, we overview the evidence for the glymphatic system and its role in disease and discuss opportunities to harness the glymphatic system therapeutically; for example, by improving the effectiveness of intrathecally delivered drugs.
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Liu D, Zhou L, Yang M, McIntyre RS, Cao B. Oxidative Stress Mediates the Association Between Dietary Fat Intake and Cognition in US Older Adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 30:761-773. [PMID: 35151552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary fat intake was considered as a modifiable factor influencing cognitive performance. The objective was to 1) examine the associations between different types of dietary fat intakes and cognitive outcomes among elder adults (≥60 years old); 2) assess whether peripheral oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers are potential mediators of dietary fat intake and cognitive impairment relationship. METHODS Using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014, total fat, saturated fatty acid (SFAT), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), cholesterol, ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids were used to evaluate dietary fat intakes. Cognitive outcomes were assessed by word learning and recall modules from the consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), animal fluency test, and digit symbol substitution test (DSST). Antioxidant biomarkers were assessed by gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin, uric acid, and vitamin D levels. Linear regression models and causal mediation analysis were applied to quantify the associations. RESULTS A total of 2,253 elder adults were included in the data analyses. Dietary intake of PUFA and ω-6 fatty acid were positively associated with DSST [β (95% CI): 0.06 (0.01,0.10), t statistic = 2.39, df= 2238, p = 0.02; β (95% CI): 0.06 (0.01,0.11), t statistic = 2.54, df= 2238, p = 0.01, respectively]. GGT was negatively associated with DSST [β (95% CI): -0.04 (-0.07, -0.01), t statistic = -2.73, df= 2239, p = 0.01], whereas uric acid was positively associated with CERAD total score [β (95% CI): 0.04 (0.00,0.08), t statistic = 2.03, df= 2233, p = 0.04]. The association between dietary intake of PUFA/ω -3/ω -6 and DSST performance was partially mediated by GGT level. CONCLUSION Our findings support that PUFAs in dietary sources were associated with lower risks for cognitive impairment partially via lowering oxidative stress. Dietary PUFA supplementation may potentially reduce risk of cognitive impairment via antioxidative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Population Health Sciences (DL), German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Cardiology (LZ), Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics (MY), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Research Center (MY), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (RSM), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bing Cao
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education) (BC), Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China.
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Rana T, Behl T, Shamsuzzaman M, Singh S, Sharma N, Sehgal A, Alshahrani AM, Aldahish A, Chidambaram K, Dailah HG, Bhatia S, Bungau S. Exploring the role of astrocytic dysfunction and AQP4 in depression. Cell Signal 2022; 96:110359. [PMID: 35597427 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the water regulating channel found in the terminal processes of astrocytes in the brain and is implicated in regulating the astrocyte functions, whereas in neuropathologies, AQP4 performs an important role in astrocytosis and release of proinflammatory cytokines. However, several findings have revealed the modulation of the AQP4 water channel in the etiopathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric diseases. In the current article, we have summarized the recent studies and highlighted the implication of astrocytic dysfunction and AQP4 in the etiopathogenesis of depressive disorder. Most of the studies have measured the AQP4 gene or protein expression in the brain regions, particularly the locus coeruleus, choroid plexus, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus, and found that in these brain regions, AQP4 gene expression decreased on exposure to chronic mild stress. Few studies also measured the peripheral AQP4 mRNA expression in the blood and AQP4 autoantibodies in the blood serum and revealed no change in the depressed patients in comparison with normal individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarapati Rana
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India; Government Pharmacy College, Seraj, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Md Shamsuzzaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Asma M Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Aldahish
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine of Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Zhang D, Li X, Li B. Glymphatic System Dysfunction in Central Nervous System Diseases and Mood Disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:873697. [PMID: 35547631 PMCID: PMC9082304 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.873697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system, a recently discovered macroscopic waste removal system in the brain, has many unknown aspects, especially its driving forces and relationship with sleep, and thus further explorations of the relationship between the glymphatic system and a variety of possible related diseases are urgently needed. Here, we focus on the progress in current research on the role of the glymphatic system in several common central nervous system diseases and mood disorders, discuss the structural and functional abnormalities of the glymphatic system which may occur before or during the pathophysiological progress and the possible underlying mechanisms. We emphasize the relationship between sleep and the glymphatic system under pathological conditions and summarize the common imaging techniques for the glymphatic system currently available. The perfection of the glymphatic system hypothesis and the exploration of the effects of aging and endocrine factors on the central and peripheral regulatory pathways through the glymphatic system still require exploration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianjun Zhang
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baoman Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Center of Forensic Investigation, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liu M, He E, Fu X, Gong S, Han Y, Deng F. Cerebral blood flow self-regulation in depression. J Affect Disord 2022; 302:324-331. [PMID: 35032508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common neuropsychiatric disease with a high prevalence rate. Sleep problems, memory decline, dizziness and headaches are the most common neurological symptoms in depressed patients. Abnormality of cerebral blood flow (CBF) has been observed in depressive patients, but those patients did not have intracranial structural damage. Both of those phenomena might be related to cerebral blood flow self-regulation (CBFSR: cerebral blood flow self-regulation). CBFSR can maintain CBF relatively stable in response to changes in neurological and metabolic factors. Therefore, this review aimed to discuss CBFSR in depression. METHODS We searched for keywords such as "depression", "cerebral blood flow", "cerebral autoregulation", "cerebrovascular reactivity" and the words related to depression. We analyzed whether there is a change in the CBFSR in depression, further explored whether there is a relationship between the pathogenesis of depression and the CBFSR, and discussed the possible mechanism of impaired CBFSR in patients with depression. RESULTS Discovered by the literature review, CBFSR is significantly impaired in depressed patients. The level of circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction, nitric oxide, inflammatory cytokines, glucocorticoid and monoamine neurotransmitters is mostly abnormal in depression, which affected the CBFSR to varying degrees. LIMITATIONS Limitations include the small number of direct studies about depression and CBFSR mechanisms. CONCLUSION CBFSR is impaired in depression. The underlying mechanisms include endothelial dysfunction, overactivation of microglia and changes of cytokines, hyperactivation of the HPA axis, increased oxidative stress, monoamine neurotransmitter disorders, etc. These deepened our understanding of the clinical symptoms of depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1, Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Enling He
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1, Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Xiyao Fu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1, Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Sizhu Gong
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1, Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1, Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1, Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
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Nguchu BA, Zhao J, Wang Y, de Dieu Uwisengeyimana J, Wang X, Qiu B, Li H. Altered Glymphatic System in Middle-Aged cART-Treated Patients With HIV: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:819594. [PMID: 35359662 PMCID: PMC8963418 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.819594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The brain relies on the glymphatic system to clear metabolic wastes and maintain brain homeostasis to fulfill its functions better. Yet, the complexity of the glymphatic flow and clearance and its changes in HIV infection and its role in neurocognitive dysfunction remain poorly understood. This study aims to explore the impact of HIV and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on the glymphatic system and establish a potential biomarker of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Methods Here, we examined the glymphatic profiles of middle-aged virosuppressed patients with HIV (n = 27) receiving cART over 1–6 years and healthy controls (n = 28) along the perivascular space (PVS) using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) with guided and unguided approaches. We later combined data from these analyses to investigate MRI glymphatic correlates of cognitive impairment and other clinical tests of HIV (CD4+ T-cell counts and CD4+/CD8+ ratio). Results We found that glymphatic function as measured by the ALPS index increased significantly in the right and left PVSs of patients with HIV having cART. On antiretroviral therapy, a changing pattern in glymphatic clearance function in patients with HIV having cART correlated with attention and working memory. Duration on cART was also associated with cognitive performances of abstract and executive function and learning and memory. Conclusion These findings provide MRI evidence of the presence of HIV-induced changes in the glymphatic flow and clearance, which might underlie cognitive impairment among patients with HIV having cART. An increase in the glymphatic activity might reflect a compensatory mechanism to regulate microenvironment homeostasis compromised by HIV. This compensation might be necessary to maintain the proper functioning of the brain while coping with HIV pathology. These findings also shed light on the clinical importance of evaluating glymphatic function based on the ALPS index and suggest that improving the glymphatic system may serve as an alternative therapeutic strategy for HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | | | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Bensheng Qiu
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Hongjun Li
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Choudhury ME, Mikami K, Nakanishi Y, Matsuura T, Utsunomiya R, Yano H, Kubo M, Ando R, Iwanami J, Yamashita M, Nagai M, Tanaka J. Insomnia and depressive behavior of MyD88-deficient mice: Relationships with altered microglial functions. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 363:577794. [PMID: 34971898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) is essential for microglial activation. Despite the significant role of microglia in regulating sleep homeostasis, the contribution of MyD88 to sleep is yet to be determined. To address this, we performed electroencephalographic and electromyographic recordings on MyD88-KO mice and wild-type mice to investigate their sleep/wake cycles. In the daytime, MyD88-KO mice exhibited prolonged wakefulness and shorter non-rapid eye movement sleep duration. Tail suspension and sucrose preference tests revealed that MyD88-KO mice displayed a depressive-like phenotype. We determined monoamines in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) using high-performance liquid chromatography and observed a decreased content of serotonin in the PFC of MyD88-KO mice. Flow cytometry revealed that CD11b, CD45, and F4/80 expressions were elevated at Zeitgeber time (ZT) 1 compared to at ZT13 only in wild-type mice. Furthermore, MFG-E8 and C1qB-tagged synapses were enhanced at ZT1 in the PFC of wild-type mice but not in MyD88-KO mice. Primary cultured microglia from MyD88-KO mice revealed decreased phagocytic ability. These findings indicate that genetic deletion of MyD88 induces insomnia and depressive behavior, at least in part, by affecting microglial homeostasis functions and lowering the serotonergic neuronal output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed E Choudhury
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Kanta Mikami
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuiko Nakanishi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Taisei Matsuura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryo Utsunomiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hajime Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Madoka Kubo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Rina Ando
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun Iwanami
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Yamashita
- Department of Immunology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nagai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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Genel O, Pariante CM, Borsini A. The role of AQP4 in the pathogenesis of depression, and possible related mechanisms. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 98:366-377. [PMID: 34474133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.08.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of the aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water-regulatory channel or production of autoantibodies against this protein have been implicated in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, and possible mechanisms have been proposed. However, the nature of the interaction between AQP4 expression and its implications in depression remain elusive. To our knowledge, this is the first review summarising data for the involvement of AQP4 in the context of depression and related mechanisms across a wide range of experimental studies: pre-clinical (KO and wild-type), post-mortem, ex vivo, and clinical studies in depression. Overall, preclinical AQP4 wild-type studies showed that exposure to stress or inflammation, used as models of depression, decreased AQP4 protein and gene expression in various brain regions, including prefrontal cortex (PFC), choroid plexus and, especially, hippocampus. In preclinical AQP4 KO studies, AQP4 expression is necessary to prevent the effect of stress and inflammation on reduced neurogenesis and gliogenesis, and increased apoptosis and depressive-like behaviours. While in post-mortem and ex vivo studies of depression AQP4 expression was usually decreased in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and locus coeruleus, in clinical studies, where mRNA AQP4 expression or serum AQP4 autoantibodies were measured, there were no differences in depressed patients when compared with controls. In the future, studies should further investigate the mechanisms underlying the action of AQP4, and continue exploring if AQP4 autoantibodies are either contributing or underlying mechanisms of depression, or whether they are simply a mechanism underlying other autoimmune conditions where depression is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Genel
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; School of Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Alessandra Borsini
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
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Cao J, Yao D, Li R, Guo X, Hao J, Xie M, Li J, Pan D, Luo X, Yu Z, Wang M, Wang W. Digoxin Ameliorates Glymphatic Transport and Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Neurosci Bull 2021; 38:181-199. [PMID: 34704235 PMCID: PMC8821764 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system plays a pivotal role in maintaining cerebral homeostasis. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, arising from small vessel disease or carotid stenosis, results in cerebrometabolic disturbances ultimately manifesting in white matter injury and cognitive dysfunction. However, whether the glymphatic system serves as a potential therapeutic target for white matter injury and cognitive decline during hypoperfusion remains unknown. Here, we established a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via bilateral common carotid artery stenosis. We found that the hypoperfusion model was associated with significant white matter injury and initial cognitive impairment in conjunction with impaired glymphatic system function. The glymphatic dysfunction was associated with altered cerebral perfusion and loss of aquaporin 4 polarization. Treatment of digoxin rescued changes in glymphatic transport, white matter structure, and cognitive function. Suppression of glymphatic functions by treatment with the AQP4 inhibitor TGN-020 abolished this protective effect of digoxin from hypoperfusion injury. Our research yields new insight into the relationship between hemodynamics, glymphatic transport, white matter injury, and cognitive changes after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Di Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China ,Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xuequn Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China ,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000 China
| | - Jiahuan Hao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Minjie Xie
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Dengji Pan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Minghuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China ,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
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48
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Ependymal cells-CSF flow regulates stress-induced depression. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:7308-7315. [PMID: 34234280 PMCID: PMC8873010 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe, common mood disorder. While reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow adversely affects brain metabolism and fluid balance in the aging population and during development, only indirect evidence links aberrant CSF circulation with many diseases including neurological, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Here we show a very high concentration of p11 as a key molecular determinant for depression in ependymal cells, which is significantly decreased in patients with MDD, and in two mouse models of depression induced by chronic stress, such as restraint and social isolation. The loss of p11 in ependymal cells causes disoriented ependymal planar cell polarity (PCP), reduced CSF flow, and depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors. p11 intrinsically controls PCP core genes, which mediates CSF flow. Viral expression of p11 in ependymal cells specifically rescues the pathophysiological and behavioral deficits caused by loss of p11. Taken together, our results identify a new role and a key molecular determinant for ependymal cell-driven CSF flow in mood disorders and suggest a novel strategy for development of treatments for stress-associated neurological, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders.
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49
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Yan T, Qiu Y, Yu X, Yang L. Glymphatic Dysfunction: A Bridge Between Sleep Disturbance and Mood Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:658340. [PMID: 34025481 PMCID: PMC8138157 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.658340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence demonstrates a close relationship between sleep disturbance and mood disorders, including major depression disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). According to the classical two-process model of sleep regulation, circadian rhythms driven by the light-dark cycle, and sleep homeostasis modulated by the sleep-wake cycle are disrupted in mood disorders. However, the exact mechanism of interaction between sleep and mood disorders remains unclear. Recent discovery of the glymphatic system and its dynamic fluctuation with sleep provide a plausible explanation. The diurnal variation of the glymphatic circulation is dependent on the astrocytic activity and polarization of water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Both animal and human studies have reported suppressed glymphatic transport, abnormal astrocytes, and depolarized AQP4 in mood disorders. In this study, the "glymphatic dysfunction" hypothesis which suggests that the dysfunctional glymphatic pathway serves as a bridge between sleep disturbance and mood disorders is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Changxing People's Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linglin Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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