1
|
To NH, Pilon C, Moatti A, Debesset A, Debbi K, Coraggio G, Ksouri W, Massaria V, Cohen JL, Belkacemi Y, Thiolat A. Effect of lethal total body irradiation on bone marrow chimerism, acute graft-versus-host disease, and tumor engraftment in mouse models: impact of different radiation techniques using low- and high-energy X-rays. Strahlenther Onkol 2023; 199:1242-1254. [PMID: 36932237 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-023-02066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Effects of X‑ray energy levels used for myeloablative lethal total body irradiation (TBI) delivery prior to bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in preclinical mouse models were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS In mouse models, single-fraction myeloablative TBI at a lethal dose was delivered using two different X‑ray devices, either low (160 kV cabinet irradiator) or high energy (6 MV linear accelerator), before semi-allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) to ensure bone marrow (BM) chimerism, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and tumor engraftment. Recipient mice were clinically followed for 80 days after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Flow cytometry was performed to assess donor chimerism and tumor engraftment in recipient mice. RESULTS Both X‑ray irradiation techniques delivered a 10 Gy single fraction of TBI, presented a lethal effect, and could allow near-complete early donor chimerism on day 13. However, low-energy irradiation increased T cells' alloreactivity compared to high-energy irradiation, leading to clinical consequences for GVHD and tumor engraftment outcomes. The alloreactive effect differences might be attributed to the distinction in inflammatory status of irradiated recipients at donor cell infusion (D0). Delaying donor cell administration (D1 after lethal TBI) attenuated T cells' alloreactivity and clinical outcomes in GVHD mouse models. CONCLUSION Different X‑ray irradiation modalities condition T cell alloreactivity in experimental semi-allogeneic BMT. Low-energy X‑ray irradiator induces a post-TBI inflammatory burst and exacerbates alloreactive reactions. This technical and biological information should be considered in interpreting GVHD/ graft-versus-leukemia effect results in mice experimental models of BMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhu Hanh To
- AP-HP. Radiation Oncology Department and Henri Mondor Breast Center, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France.
- INSERM UMR 955, team I-BIOT, Institute Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, University of Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.
| | - Caroline Pilon
- INSERM UMR 955, team I-BIOT, Institute Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, University of Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie, Creteil, France
| | - Audrey Moatti
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie, Creteil, France
| | - Anaïs Debesset
- INSERM UMR 955, team I-BIOT, Institute Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, University of Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Kamel Debbi
- AP-HP. Radiation Oncology Department and Henri Mondor Breast Center, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
- INSERM UMR 955, team I-BIOT, Institute Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, University of Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Gabriele Coraggio
- AP-HP. Radiation Oncology Department and Henri Mondor Breast Center, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Wassim Ksouri
- AP-HP. Radiation Oncology Department and Henri Mondor Breast Center, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Virginie Massaria
- AP-HP. Radiation Oncology Department and Henri Mondor Breast Center, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - José L Cohen
- INSERM UMR 955, team I-BIOT, Institute Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, University of Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie, Creteil, France
| | - Yazid Belkacemi
- AP-HP. Radiation Oncology Department and Henri Mondor Breast Center, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
- INSERM UMR 955, team I-BIOT, Institute Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, University of Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Allan Thiolat
- INSERM UMR 955, team I-BIOT, Institute Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, University of Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalo-universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie, Creteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ludwig LM, Hawley KM, Banks DB, Thomas-Toth AT, Blazar BR, McNerney ME, Leverson JD, LaBelle JL. Venetoclax imparts distinct cell death sensitivity and adaptivity patterns in T cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1005. [PMID: 34707089 PMCID: PMC8551340 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BH3 mimetics are increasingly used as anti-cancer therapeutics either alone or in conjunction with other chemotherapies. However, mounting evidence has also demonstrated that BH3 mimetics modulate varied amounts of apoptotic signaling in healthy immune populations. In order to maximize their clinical potential, it will be essential to understand how BH3 mimetics affect discrete immune populations and to determine how BH3 mimetic pressure causes immune system adaptation. Here we focus on the BCL-2 specific inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199) and its effects following short-term and long-term BCL-2 blockade on T cell subsets. Seven day "short-term" ex vivo and in vivo BCL-2 inhibition led to divergent cell death sensitivity patterns in CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and Tregs resulting in shifting of global T cell populations towards a more memory T cell state with increased expression of BCL-2, BCL-XL, and MCL-1. However, twenty-eight day "long-term" BCL-2 blockade following T cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation did not lead to changes in the global T cell landscape. Despite the lack of changes in T cell proportions, animals treated with venetoclax developed CD8+ and CD4+ T cells with high levels of BCL-2 and were more resistant to apoptotic stimuli following expansion post-transplant. Further, we demonstrate through RNA profiling that T cells adapt while under BCL-2 blockade post-transplant and develop a more activated genotype. Taken together, these data emphasize the importance of evaluating how BH3 mimetics affect the immune system in different treatment modalities and disease contexts and suggest that venetoclax should be further explored as an immunomodulatory compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M. Ludwig
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Katrina M. Hawley
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - David B. Banks
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Anika T. Thomas-Toth
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Bruce R. Blazar
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Megan E. McNerney
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Joel D. Leverson
- grid.431072.30000 0004 0572 4227AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL USA
| | - James L. LaBelle
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilke CA, Chadwick MM, Chan PR, Moore BB, Zhou X. Stem cell transplantation impairs dendritic cell trafficking and herpesvirus immunity. JCI Insight 2019; 4:130210. [PMID: 31479426 PMCID: PMC6795288 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term survivors after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are at high risk of infection, which accounts for one-third of all deaths related to stem cell transplantation. Little is known about the cause of inferior host defense after immune cell reconstitution. Here, we exploited a murine syngeneic BM transplantation (BMT) model of late infection with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) to determine the role of conventional DC (cDC) trafficking in adaptive immunity in BMT mice. After infection, the expression of chemokine Ccl21 in the lung is reduced and the migration of cDCs into lung draining lymph nodes (dLNs) is impaired in BMT mice, limiting the opportunity for cDCs to prime Th cells in the dLNs. While cDC subsets are redundant in priming Th1 cells, Notch2 functions in cDC2s are required for priming increased Th17 responses in BMT mice, and cDC1s can lessen this activity. Importantly, Th17 cells can be primed both in the lungs and dLNs, allowing for increased Th17 responses without optimum cDC trafficking in BMT mice. Taken together, impaired cDC trafficking in BMT mice reduces protective Th1 responses and allows increased pathogenic Th17 responses. Thus, we have revealed a previously unknown mechanism for BMT procedures to cause long-term inferior immune responses to herpes viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol A. Wilke
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mathew M. Chadwick
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul R. Chan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bethany B. Moore
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gall MG, Zhang HE, Lee Q, Jolly CJ, McCaughan GW, Cook A, Roediger B, Gorrell MD. Immune regeneration in irradiated mice is not impaired by the absence of DPP9 enzymatic activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7292. [PMID: 31086209 PMCID: PMC6513830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43739-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous intracellular protease dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) has roles in antigen presentation and B cell signaling. To investigate the importance of DPP9 in immune regeneration, primary and secondary chimeric mice were created in irradiated recipients using fetal liver cells and adult bone marrow cells, respectively, using wild-type (WT) and DPP9 gene-knockin (DPP9S729A) enzyme-inactive mice. Immune cell reconstitution was assessed at 6 and 16 weeks post-transplant. Primary chimeric mice successfully regenerated neutrophils, natural killer, T and B cells, irrespective of donor cell genotype. There were no significant differences in total myeloid cell or neutrophil numbers between DPP9-WT and DPP9S729A-reconstituted mice. In secondary chimeric mice, cells of DPP9S729A-origin cells displayed enhanced engraftment compared to WT. However, we observed no differences in myeloid or lymphoid lineage reconstitution between WT and DPP9S729A donors, indicating that hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) engraftment and self-renewal is not diminished by the absence of DPP9 enzymatic activity. This is the first report on transplantation of bone marrow cells that lack DPP9 enzymatic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret G Gall
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hui Emma Zhang
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Quintin Lee
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher J Jolly
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W McCaughan
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam Cook
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ben Roediger
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark D Gorrell
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ferreira FM, Palle P, Vom Berg J, Prajwal P, Laman JD, Buch T. Bone marrow chimeras-a vital tool in basic and translational research. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:889-896. [PMID: 31028417 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01783-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow chimeras are used routinely in immunology research as well as in other fields of biology. Here, we provide a concise state-of-the-art review about the types of chimerisms that can be achieved and the type of information that each model generates. We include separate sections for caveats and future developments. We provide examples from the literature in which different types of chimerism were employed to answer specific questions. While simple bone marrow chimeras allow to dissect the role of genes in distinct cell populations such as the hematopoietic cells versus non-hematopoietic cells, mixed bone marrow chimeras can provide detailed information about hematopoietic cell types and the intrinsic and extrinsic roles of individual genes. The advantages and caveats of bone marrow chimerism for the study of microglia are addressed, as well as alternatives to irradiation that minimize blood-brain-barrier disruption. Elementary principles are introduced and their potential is exemplified through summarizing recent studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa M Ferreira
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Johannes Vom Berg
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Prajwal Prajwal
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jon D Laman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thorsten Buch
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mesenchymal stem cells to treat type 1 diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1866:165315. [PMID: 30508575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
What is clear is we are in the era of the stem cell and its potential in ameliorating human disease. Our perspective is generated from an in vivo model in a large animal that offers significant advantages (complete transplantation tolerance, large size and long life span). This review is an effort to meld our preclinical observations with others for the reader and to outline potential avenues to improve the present outlook for patients with diabetes. This effort exams the history or background of stem cell research in the laboratory and the clinic, types of stem cells, pluripotency or lack thereof based on a variety of pre-clinical investigations attempting endocrine pancreas recovery using stem cell transplantation. The focus is on the use of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. This review will also examine recent clinical experience following stem cell transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Protti A, Mongue-Din H, Mylonas KJ, Sirker A, Sag CM, Swim MM, Maier L, Sawyer G, Dong X, Botnar R, Salisbury J, Gray GA, Shah AM. Bone marrow transplantation modulates tissue macrophage phenotype and enhances cardiac recovery after subsequent acute myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 90:120-8. [PMID: 26688473 PMCID: PMC4727788 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is commonly used in experimental studies to investigate the contribution of BM-derived circulating cells to different disease processes. During studies investigating the cardiac response to acute myocardial infarction (MI) induced by permanent coronary ligation in mice that had previously undergone BMT, we found that BMT itself affects the remodelling response. METHODS AND RESULTS Compared to matched naive mice, animals that had previously undergone BMT developed significantly less post-MI adverse remodelling, infarct thinning and contractile dysfunction as assessed by serial magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiac rupture in male mice was prevented. Histological analysis showed that the infarcts of mice that had undergone BMT had a significantly higher number of inflammatory cells, surviving cardiomyocytes and neovessels than control mice, as well as evidence of significant haemosiderin deposition. Flow cytometric and histological analyses demonstrated a higher number of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages in myocardium of the BMT group compared to control animals even before MI, and this increased further in the infarcts of the BMT mice after MI. CONCLUSIONS The process of BMT itself substantially alters tissue macrophage phenotype and the subsequent response to acute MI. An increase in alternatively activated macrophages in this setting appears to enhance cardiac recovery after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Protti
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK; Division of Imaging Sciences and Bioengineering, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK
| | - Heloise Mongue-Din
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK
| | - Katie J Mylonas
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alexander Sirker
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK
| | - Can Martin Sag
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
| | - Megan M Swim
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lars Maier
- Department of Cardiology, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
| | - Greta Sawyer
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK
| | - Xuebin Dong
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK
| | - Rene Botnar
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Bioengineering, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK
| | - Jon Salisbury
- Department of Histopathology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gillian A Gray
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queens Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Critical care of sub-lethal irradiated transgenic mice using a complete soft food formula-DietGel76A™. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2014; 71:46-53. [PMID: 25527380 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this research is to determine whether the administration of a complete soft food formula to sub-lethal irradiated animals from three different transgenic mouse strains over a period of 21 consecutive days will have a significant impact on the clinical signs, and the general survival rate of the animals. Our hypothesis is that using DietGel76A™, along with an antibiotic treatment, strict handling and manipulation procedures, the general mortality rate, as well as the onset of the clinical signs between the treated animals and the control animals, will be significantly lower. This hypothesis was confirmed for the C57BL/6 mice. However, the treatment with DietGel76A™ had only a very limited impact on the recovery of more irradiation sensitive strains (CD45.1 and mostly NRG). Further studies must be conducted on mice from these strains in order to assess whether mice belonging to more sensitive strains should be on DietGel76A™ for a longer period of time (at least 42days post irradiation).
Collapse
|
9
|
Auletta JJ, Alabran JL, Kim BG, Meyer CJ, Letterio JJ. The synthetic triterpenoid, CDDO-Me, modulates the proinflammatory response to in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2011; 30:497-508. [PMID: 20626291 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2009.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthetic triterpenoid, CDDO-Me, has potent antiproliferative and antioxidant properties. However, its immunomodulatory effects in the context of LPS challenge are incompletely defined. Pretreatment with oral CDDO-Me significantly improved survival following lethal-dose LPS challenge in mice. To define this protection further, we measured effects of CDDO-Me pretreatment on splenocyte populations and cytokine production following LPS challenge, using low-level LPS pretreatment as an in vivo control for reducing cytokine production. Despite similar decreases in levels of LPS-inducible, circulating proinflammatory cytokines (IL-12p70, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23) and increases in heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) protein expression, low-dose LPS and CDDO-Me pretreatments markedly differed in their overall response profiles. Splenocytes from LPS-pretreated mice contained reduced numbers of dendritic cells, increased percentages of Th17 and T-regulatory cells, lower levels of TLR-inducible IL-6, and higher levels of TLR-inducible IL-10. In contrast, CDDO-Me protection against LPS challenge had no impact on absolute numbers or distribution of splenocyte subsets, despite attenuating in vivo induction of proinflammatory cytokines in an IL-10-independent manner. Together, these results suggest that CDDO-Me pretreatment uniquely confers protection against LPS challenge by modulating the in vivo immune response to LPS. Thus, CDDO-Me potentially represents a novel oral agent for use in LPS-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery J Auletta
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Satoh A, Saito T, Sato Y, Tsuchiya T, Kenjo A, Kimura T, Kanno R, Suzuki H, Kogure M, Hoshino Y, Gotoh M. Traffic of infused bone marrow cells after genetically-labeled syngeneic bone marrow transplantation following lethal irradiation in mice. Fukushima J Med Sci 2008; 54:11-24. [PMID: 18924549 DOI: 10.5387/fms.54.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone marrow (BM) cells are considered the source of stem cells for various organs. However, how quickly BM cells can penetrate and constitute lymphoid organs remains elusive. In the present study, we addressed this issue in a model using genetically-labeled syngeneic BM transplantation (BMT). METHODS Donor BM cells were obtained from "green mice", transgenic mice with enhanced GFP. Lethally irradiated C57BL/6 mice were infused with 1 x 10(6) BM cells from the green mice through the tail vein. BM chimerism was analyzed by FACS and the presence of donor BM cells in thoracoabdominal organs was assessed by fluorescence microscopy. The commitment of BM cells was examined by immunohistochemical staining using epithelium-, macrophage-, B and T-lymphocyte, and endothelium-specific antibodies. RESULTS BM chimerism reached 40+/- 18.5%, 82.6 +/- 23.4%, and 72 +/- 18% (mean +/- SD) at 1, 4, and 12 wks after BMT, respectively. GFP-positive cells were detected in all organs in the course of chimeric formation. Most GFP-positive cells were T and B lymphocytes in lymphoid systems including spleen, thymus, mesenteric lymph nodes and microvilli, and some were positive for macrophage and endothelial cell markers. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that BM-derived cells migrate rapidly into various thoracoabdominal organs after BMT, and that lymphoid tissues are predominantly replaced with infused BM in lethally-irradiated mice. This confirmed the previous finding by others and suggests high interest of this model for further studies to characterize kinetics and roles of infused cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atai Satoh
- Department of Surgery I, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carlson EC, Lin M, Liu CY, Kao WWY, Perez VL, Pearlman E. Keratocan and lumican regulate neutrophil infiltration and corneal clarity in lipopolysaccharide-induced keratitis by direct interaction with CXCL1. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:35502-9. [PMID: 17911102 PMCID: PMC3909483 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m705823200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratocan and lumican are keratan-sulfate proteoglycans (KSPG), which have a critical role in maintaining corneal clarity. To determine whether these KSPGs have a role in corneal inflammation, we examined Kera(-/-) and Lum(-/-) mice in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced keratitis in which wild-type mice develop increased corneal thickness and haze due to neutrophil infiltration to the corneal stroma. Corneal thickness increases caused by LPS mice were significantly lower in Kera(-/-) and Lum(-/-) than wild-type mice. Further, LPS-injected Lum(-/-) mice had elevated corneal haze levels compared with that of Kera(-/-) and wild-type. At 24 h post-injection, total enhanced green fluorescent protein-positive bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells in chimeric mice was significantly lower in Kera(-/-) mice and Lum(-/-) mice compared with wild-type mice. Neutrophil infiltration was inhibited in Kera(-/-) and Lum(-/-) mice at 6 and 24 h post-stimulation, with Lum(-/-) corneas having the most profound defect in neutrophil migration. Reconstitution of keratocan and lumican expression in corneas of Kera(-/-) and Lum(-/-) mice using adeno-keratocan and adeno-lumican viral vectors, respectively, resulted in normal neutrophil infiltration in response to LPS. Immunoprecipitation/Western blot analysis showed that lumican and keratocan core proteins bind the CXC chemokine KC during a corneal inflammatory response, indicating that corneal KSPGs mediate neutrophil recruitment to the cornea by regulating chemokine gradient formation. Together, these data support a significant role for lumican and keratocan in a corneal inflammatory response with respect to edema, corneal clarity, and cellular infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Carlson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ballinger MN, McMillan TR, Moore BB. Eicosanoid regulation of pulmonary innate immunity post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2007; 55:1-12. [PMID: 17221337 PMCID: PMC3313470 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-007-0001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2006] [Accepted: 11/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a therapeutic option for a number of malignant and inherited disorders. However, the efficacy of this therapy is limited by a number of serious infectious and noninfectious complications. Pulmonary infections represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality post-HSCT and can occur both pre- and post-hematopoietic reconstitution. Susceptibility to Gram-negative bacterial infections despite full hematopoietic engraftment suggests that innate immunity remains impaired months to years post-HSCT. This review will describe the process and complications of HSCT and will summarize what is known about innate immune reconstitution post-HSCT. Data from the literature as well as our own laboratory will be presented to suggest that an eicosanoid imbalance characterized by over-production of prostaglandins and under-production of leukotrienes leads to impaired lung phagocyte function post-HSCT. Of therapeutic interest, strategies which limit production of prostaglandins can improve pulmonary host defense in animal HSCT models, which suggests that this may also be beneficial for human HSCT recipients.
Collapse
|
13
|
Tolar J, O'shaughnessy MJ, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, McElmurry RT, Bell S, Riddle M, McIvor RS, Yant SR, Kay MA, Krause D, Verfaillie CM, Blazar BR. Host factors that impact the biodistribution and persistence of multipotent adult progenitor cells. Blood 2006; 107:4182-8. [PMID: 16410448 PMCID: PMC1895284 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-08-3289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2005] [Accepted: 01/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) are marrow-derived pluripotent stem cells with a broad differentiation potential. We sought to identify factors that affect adoptively transferred MAPCs. In vitro, MAPCs expressed low levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, failed to stimulate CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell alloresponses, and were targets of NK cytolysis. To study in vivo biodistribution, we labeled MAPCs with luciferase for sequential quantification of bioluminescence and DsRed2 for immunohistochemical analysis. C57BL /6 MAPCs were infused intravenously into C57BL /6, Rag-2(-/-) (T- and B-cell-deficient), and Rag-2(-/-)/IL-2Rgamma(c)(-/-) (T-, B-, and NK-cell-deficient) mice. In C57BL /6 mice, MAPCs were transiently detected only in the chest compared with long-term persistence in T- and B-cell-deficient mice. NK depletion reduced MAPC elimination. Because the lungs were the major uptake site after intravenous injection, intra-arterial injections were tested and found to result in more widespread biodistribution. Widespread MAPC biodistribution and long-term persistence were seen in irradiated recipients given allogeneic marrow and MAPCs; such MAPCs expressed MHC class I antigens in tissues. Our data indicate that the biodistribution and persistence of reporter gene-labeled MAPCs are maximized after intra-arterial delivery or host irradiation and that T cells, B cells, and NK cells contribute to in vivo MAPC rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Tolar
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, MMC 366, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Auletta JJ, Lazarus HM. Immune restoration following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: an evolving target. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 35:835-57. [PMID: 15778723 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the definitive cure for many malignant and nonmalignant diseases. However, delays in immune reconstitution (IR) following HSCT significantly limit the success of transplantation and increase the risk for infection and disease relapse in the transplant recipient. Therefore, ways to measure and to manipulate immune recovery following HSCT are emerging and their success depends directly upon an enhanced understanding for the underlying mechanisms responsible for reconstituted immunity and hematopoiesis. Recent discoveries in the activation, function, and regulation of dendritic cell (DC), natural killer (NK) cell, and T-lymphocyte subtypes have been critical in developing immunotherapies used to prevent graft-versus-host disease and to enhance graft-versus-leukemia. For example, regulatory T cells that induce tolerance and NK receptor-tumor ligand disparities that result in tumor lysis are being used to minimize GVHD and tumor burden, respectively. Furthermore, expansion and modulation of immune effector cells are being used to augment hematopoietic and immune recovery and to decrease transplant-related toxicity in the transplant recipient. Specifically, DC expansion and incorporation into antitumor and anti-microbial vaccines is fast approaching application into clinical trials. This paper will review our current understanding for IR following HSCT and the novel ways in which to restore immune function and decrease transplant-related toxicity in the transplant recipient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Auletta
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|