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Amini E, Shokrnejad-namin T, Zarrindast MR, Khakpai F. Synergistic effect between citalopram and muscimol upon induction of anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in male mice: An isobologram analysis. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:353-360. [PMID: 38415182 PMCID: PMC10897807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence that both the GABAergic system and serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as citalopram are involved in the modulation of anxiety and depression processes. In this research, we examined the effects of GABAA receptor agents and citalopram on anxiety- and depression-related behaviors and their interaction in male mice. Methods For intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion, a guide cannula was implanted in the left lateral ventricle. Anxiety and depression behaviors were evaluated using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST). Results The results revealed that i.c.v. microinjection of muscimol (1 µg/mouse) enhanced % OAT (open arm time) and % OAE (open arm entries) in the EPM test and decreased immobility time in the FST without affecting locomotor activity, presenting anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviors in the EPM and FST, respectively. On the other hand, i.c.v. microinjection of bicuculline (1 µg/mouse) reduced % OAT and % OAE without affecting locomotor activity and immobility time, presenting an anxiogenic-like effect. Moreover, i.p. administration of citalopram (8 mg/kg) increased %OAT and %OAE and reduced immobility time with no effect on locomotor activity, showing anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like responses in male mice. Furthermore, i.c.v. infusion of an ineffective dosage of muscimol potentiated the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like responses induced by i.p. injection of citalopram in male mice. When citalopram and bicuculline were co-injected, a non-significant dose of bicuculline reversed the anxiolytic-like effect of citalopram in male mice. Also, the data revealed synergistic anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviors between citalopram and muscimol in male mice. Conclusions The results suggested an interaction between citalopram and GABAergic agents on the modulation of anxiety and depression behaviors in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Amini
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taha Shokrnejad-namin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Shoji H, Ikeda K, Miyakawa T. Behavioral phenotype, intestinal microbiome, and brain neuronal activity of male serotonin transporter knockout mice. Mol Brain 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 36991468 PMCID: PMC10061809 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) plays a critical role in the regulation of serotonin neurotransmission. Mice genetically deficient in 5-HTT expression have been used to study the physiological functions of 5-HTT in the brain and have been proposed as a potential animal model for neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent studies have provided evidence for a link between the gut-brain axis and mood disorders. However, the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on gut microbiota, brain function, and behavior remain to be fully characterized. Here we investigated the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on different types of behavior, the gut microbiome, and brain c-Fos expression as a marker of neuronal activation in response to the forced swim test for assessing depression-related behavior in male 5-HTT knockout mice. Behavioral analysis using a battery of 16 different tests showed that 5-HTT-/- mice exhibited markedly reduced locomotor activity, decreased pain sensitivity, reduced motor function, increased anxiety-like and depression-related behavior, altered social behavior in novel and familiar environments, normal working memory, enhanced spatial reference memory, and impaired fear memory compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. 5-HTT+/- mice showed slightly reduced locomotor activity and impaired social behavior compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons showed that 5-HTT-/- mice had altered gut microbiota abundances, such as a decrease in Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Turicibacter, compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. This study also showed that after exposure to the forced swim test, the number of c-Fos-positive cells was higher in the paraventricular thalamus and lateral hypothalamus and was lower in the prefrontal cortical regions, nucleus accumbens shell, dorsolateral septal nucleus, hippocampal regions, and ventromedial hypothalamus in 5-HTT-/- mice than in 5-HTT+/+ mice. These phenotypes of 5-HTT-/- mice partially recapitulate clinical observations in humans with major depressive disorder. The present findings indicate that 5-HTT-deficient mice serve as a good and valid animal model to study anxiety and depression with altered gut microbial composition and abnormal neuronal activity in the brain, highlighting the importance of 5-HTT in brain function and the mechanisms underlying the regulation of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Shoji
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
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Influence of 5-HT 2A receptor function on anxiety-like behavior induced by a combination treatment with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:3607-3614. [PMID: 34557945 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety-like behavior induced by a combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide may be mediated by serotonin (5-HT)2A receptor hyperactivity. The anxiolytic effects of fluoxetine may be inhibited by this combination. The present study examined the mechanisms underlying anxiety-like behavior induced by the combination doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in rats. Anxiety-like behavior was induced during a light-dark test by the doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide treatment (once a week for 2 weeks). 5-HT2A receptor and 5-HT2A receptor-mediated extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK)1/2 levels were measured using Western blotting. 5-HT reuptake activity in fluoxetine-treated rats was also examined using microdialysis. ( ±)-1-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane, a 5-HT2A receptor agonist, induced anxiety-like behavior. The fluoxetine treatment increased extracellular 5-HT concentrations in the hippocampus of vehicle- and doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide-treated rats. 5-HT transporter levels in the hippocampus were not affected by chemotherapy. The doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide treatment did not alter 5-HT2A receptor levels in the frontal cortex. However, chemotherapy increased 5-HT2A receptor-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels significantly more than the vehicle treatment. The present results suggest that anxiety-like behavior induced by the combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide is mediated by 5-HT2A receptor hyperactivity without an increase in 5-HT2A receptor levels in rats.
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4
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Hagsäter SM, Pettersson R, Pettersson C, Atanasovski D, Näslund J, Eriksson E. A Complex Impact of Systemically Administered 5-HT2A Receptor Ligands on Conditioned Fear. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 24:749-757. [PMID: 34228806 PMCID: PMC8453278 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though drugs binding to serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors have long been claimed to influence human anxiety, it remains unclear if this receptor subtype is best described as anxiety promoting or anxiety dampening. Whereas conditioned fear expressed as freezing in rats is modified by application of 5-HT2A-acting drugs locally into different brain regions, reports on the effect of systemic administration of 5-HT2A receptor agonists and 5-HT2A antagonists or inverse agonists on this behavior remain sparse. METHODS We assessed the possible impact of systemic administration of 5-HT2A receptor agonists, 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonists, and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)-per se or in combination-on the freezing displayed by male rats when re-exposed to a conditioning chamber in which they received foot shocks 7 days earlier. RESULTS The 5-HT2A receptor agonists psilocybin and 25CN-NBOH induced a reduction in conditioned fear that was countered by pretreatment with 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist MDL 100907. While both MDL 100907 and another 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist, pimavanserin, failed to impact freezing per se, both compounds unmasked a robust fear-reducing effect of an SSRI, escitalopram, which by itself exerted no such effect. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that 5-HT2A receptor activation is not a prerequisite for normal conditioned freezing in rats but that this receptor subtype, when selectively over-activated prior to expression, exerts a marked fear-reducing influence. However, in the presence of an SSRI, the 5-HT2A receptor, on the contrary, appears to counter an anti-freezing effect of the enhanced extracellular serotonin levels following reuptake inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Melker Hagsäter
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Pettersson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Pettersson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniela Atanasovski
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jakob Näslund
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elias Eriksson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden,Correspondence: Elias Eriksson, PhD, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, POB 431, SE 405 30 Sweden ()
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Bromek E, Daniel WA. The regulation of liver cytochrome P450 expression and activity by the brain serotonergic system in different experimental models. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021; 17:413-424. [PMID: 33400885 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1872543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolizes vital endogenous (steroids, vitamins) and exogenous (drugs, toxins) substrates. Studies of the last decade have revealed that the brain dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems are involved in the regulation of CYP. Recent research indicates that the brain serotonergic system is also engaged in its regulation.Areas covered: This review focuses on the role of the brain serotonergic system in the regulation of liver CYP expression. It shows the effect of lesion and activation of the serotonergic system after peripheral or intracerebral injections of neurotoxins, serotonin precursor, or serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists. An opposite role of the hypothalamic paraventricular and arcuate nuclei and 5-HT receptors present therein in the regulation of CYP is described. The engagement of those nuclei in the neuroendocrine regulation of CYP by hypothalamic releasing or inhibiting hormones, pituitary hormones, and peripheral gland hormones are shown.Expert opinion: In general, the brain serotonergic system negatively regulates liver cytochrome P450. However, the effects of serotonergic agents on the enzyme expression depend on their mechanism of action, the route of administration (intracerebral/peripheral), as well as on local intracerebral site of injection and 5-HT receptor-subtypes present therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Bromek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Władysława Anna Daniel
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
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Tsybko AS, Ilchibaeva TV, Filimonova EA, Eremin DV, Popova NK, Naumenko VS. The Chronic Treatment With 5-HT 2A Receptor Agonists Affects the Behavior and the BDNF System in Mice. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:3059-3075. [PMID: 33095437 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of many psychiatric diseases. However, the interaction between 5-HT2A and BDNF is still poorly understood. In the present paper, the effects of chronic treatment with mixed 5-HT2A/2C receptor agonist DOI, highly selective 5-HT2A agonists TCB-2 and 25CN-NBOH on behavior and the BDNF system have been investigated. Chronic treatment of males of C57Bl/6 mice with DOI, TCB-2 and 25CN-NBOH (1 mg/kg, i.p., 14 days) resulted in desensitization of 5-HT2A receptors. Treatment with 25CN-NBOH significantly increased startle amplitude. At the same time all used drugs failed to affect anxiety, exploratory and stereotyped behavior as well as spatial memory and learning. TCB-2 and 25CN-NBOH increased the BDNF mRNA level. All 5-HT2A agonists increased the proBDNF level but failed to alter the mature BDNF protein level. TrkB and p75NTR mRNA levels were affected by all utilized agonists. All drugs decreased the total level as well as membrane TrkB protein one indicating downregulation of TrkB receptors. All agonists decreased the membrane p75NTR protein level. Thus, we have shown for the first time that the chronic activation of the 5-HT2A receptor with agonists has affected the BDNF system almost on all levels-transcription, proBDNF production, TrkB and p75NTR receptors' level. The obtained data suggested possible suppression in BDNF-TrkB signaling under chronic treatment with 5-HT2A agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton S Tsybko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva, 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Tatiana V Ilchibaeva
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva, 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena A Filimonova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva, 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Eremin
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva, 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nina K Popova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva, 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir S Naumenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva, 10, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Charousaei A, Nasehi M, Babapour V, Vaseghi S, Zarrindast MR. The effect of 5-HT 4 serotonin receptors in the CA3 hippocampal region on D-AP5-induced anxiolytic-like effects: Isobolographic analyses. Behav Brain Res 2020; 397:112933. [PMID: 32991927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows the close relationship between hippocampal glutamatergic and serotonergic systems through the modulation of behavioral responses. This study aimed to investigate the possible involvement of 5-HT4 receptors in the CA3 hippocampal region in anxiolytic-like effects induced by D-AP5 (a competitive antagonist of the glutamate NMDA [N-Methyl-D-aspartate] receptor). Male Wistar rats were placed in the elevated plus maze (EPM) apparatus that is used to assess anxiety-related behaviors, and the percentages of open arm time (%OAT) and open arm entries (%OAE) which are associated with anxiety-related behaviors were measured. The close arm entries (CAE) which is correlated with locomotor activity was also evaluated. The results showed that, intra-CA3 injection of D-AP5 (0.4 μg/rat), RS67333 (1.2 μg/rat; a 5-HT4 receptor agonist), and RS23597-190 (1.2 μg/rat; a 5-HT4 receptor antagonist) increased %OAT and %OAE, indicating the anxiolytic-like effect of these drugs. Also, only RS23597-190 (1.2 μg/rat) decreased CAE. Intra-CA3 injection of sub-threshold dose of RS67333 (0.012 μg/rat) or RS23597-190 (0.012 μg/rat), 5 min before the injection of D-AP5 (0.2 μg/rat) increased %OAT, indicating potentiating the anxiolytic-like effect of D-AP5. The isobolographic analyses also showed the additive or synergistic anxiolytic-like effect of intra-CA3 co-administration of D-AP5 with RS67333 or RS23597-190, respectively. In conclusion, CA3 5-HT4 receptors are involved in D-AP5-induced anxiolytic-like behaviors in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Charousaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahab Babapour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Souto TDS, Nakao FSN, Giriko CÁ, Dias CT, Cheberle AIDP, Lambertucci RH, Mendes-da-Silva C. Lard-rich and canola oil-rich high-fat diets during pregnancy promote rats’ offspring neurodevelopmental delay and behavioral disorders. Physiol Behav 2020; 213:112722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bromek E, Rysz M, Haduch A, Daniel WA. Serotonin Receptors of 5-HT2 Type in the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nuclei Positively Regulate Liver Cytochrome P450 via Stimulation of the Growth Hormone–Releasing Hormone/Growth Hormone Hormonal Pathway. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 47:80-85. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.083808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Involvement of 5-HT2A receptor hyperfunction in the anxiety-like behavior induced by doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide combination treatment in rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 138:192-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Bromek E, Rysz M, Haduch A, Wójcikowski J, Daniel WA. Activation of 5-HT1A Receptors in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nuclei Negatively Regulates Cytochrome P450 Expression and Activity in Rat Liver. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:786-793. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Li XY, Wang XY. Effect of Zuogui Pill (左归丸) on monoamine neurotransmitters and sex hormones in climacteric rats with panic attack. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 23:190-195. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Henckens MJAG, Deussing JM, Chen A. Region-specific roles of the corticotropin-releasing factor-urocortin system in stress. Nat Rev Neurosci 2016; 17:636-51. [PMID: 27586075 DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2016.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-urocortin (UCN) system has been implicated in stress-related psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety. It has been proposed that CRF-CRF receptor type 1 (CRFR1) signalling promotes the stress response and anxiety-like behaviour, whereas UCNs and CRFR2 activation mediate stress recovery and the restoration of homeostasis. Recent findings, however, provide clear evidence that this view is overly simplistic. Instead, a more complex picture has emerged that suggests that there are brain region- and cell type-specific effects of CRFR signalling that are influenced by the individual's prior experience and that shape molecular, cellular and ultimately behavioural responses to stressful challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes J A G Henckens
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.,Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.,Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
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Angoa-Pérez M, Kuhn DM. Neuroanatomical dichotomy of sexual behaviors in rodents: a special emphasis on brain serotonin. Behav Pharmacol 2015; 26:595-606. [PMID: 26110223 PMCID: PMC4777293 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Much of the social behavior in which rodents engage is related to reproduction, such as maintaining a breeding territory, seeking mates, mating, and caring for their young. Rodents belong to the internally fertilizing species that require sexual behavior for reproduction. The dyadic, heterosexual patterns of most mammalian species are sexually dimorphic, but they also share mutual components in both sexes: sexual attraction is reciprocal, sexual initiative is assumed, appetitive behavior is engaged in, and mating involves consummatory and postconsummatory phases in females as well as in males. Serotonin, a phylogenetically ancient molecule, is the most widely distributed neurotransmitter in the brain and its signaling pathways are essential for numerous functions including sexual behavior. Since the late 1960s, brain serotonergic neurotransmission has been considered to exert an inhibitory influence on the neural mechanisms mediating sexual behavior. This contention was based mainly on the observations that a decrease in central serotonergic activity facilitated the elicitation of sexual behavior, whereas an increase in central serotonergic activity attenuated it. However, the discovery of over 14 types of serotonin receptors has added numerous layers of complexity to the study of serotonin and sexual behavior. Evidence shows that, upon activation, certain receptor subtypes facilitate, whereas some others suppress, sexual behavior, as well as sexual arousal and motivation. Furthermore, the role of these receptors has been shown to be different in the male and female sexes. The use of serotonergic pharmacological interventions, mouse strains with genetic polymorphisms causing alterations in the levels of brain serotonin, and animal models with genetic manipulations of various serotonin effectors has helped delineate the fundamental role of this neurotransmitter in the regulation of sexual behavior. This review aims to examine the basics of the components of female and male sexual behavior and the participation of the serotonin system in the modulation of these behaviors, with emphasis on rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Angoa-Pérez
- aResearch & Development Service, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center bDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Nasehi M, Tabatabaie M, Khakpai F, Zarrindast MR. The effects of CA1 5HT4 receptors in MK801-induced amnesia and hyperlocomotion. Neurosci Lett 2015; 587:73-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Nasehi M, Jamshidi-Mehr M, Khakpai F, Zarrindast MR. Possible involvement of CA1 5-HT1B/1D and 5-HT2A/2B/2C receptors in harmaline-induced amnesia. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 125:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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17
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Giriko CÁ, Andreoli CA, Mennitti LV, Hosoume LF, Souto TDS, Silva AVD, Mendes-da-Silva C. Delayed physical and neurobehavioral development and increased aggressive and depression-like behaviors in the rat offspring of dams fed a high-fat diet. Int J Dev Neurosci 2013; 31:731-9. [PMID: 24071008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Early maternal exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) may influence the brain development of rat offspring and consequently affect physiology and behavior. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the somatic, physical, sensory-motor and neurobehavioral development of the offspring of dams fed an HFD (52% calories from fat, mainly saturated) and the offspring of dams fed a control diet (CD - 14.7% fat) during lactation from the 1st to the 21st postnatal day (P). Maternal body weights were evaluated during lactation. In the progeny, somatic (body weight, head and lengths axes) and physical (ear unfolding, auditory conduit opening, eruption of the incisors and eye opening) development and the consolidation of reflex responses (palm grasp, righting, vibrissa placing, cliff avoidance, negative geotaxis, auditory startle response and free-fall righting) were determined during suckling. Depressive and aggressive behaviors were tested with the forced swimming test (FST) and the "foot-shock" test on days 60 and 110, respectively. The open field test was used to assess motor function. Compared to controls, the HFD-pups exhibited decreases in body weight (P7-P21) and body length (P4-P18), but by days P71 and P95, these pups were overweight. All indicators of physical maturation and the consolidation of the following reflexes, vibrissa placing, auditory startle responses, free-fall righting and negative geotaxis, were delayed in HFD-progeny. In addition, the pups from HFD dam rats also exhibited reduced swimming and climbing times in the FST and increased aggressive behavior. No changes in locomotion were observed. These findings show developmental and neurobehavioral changes in the rat offspring of dams fed the HFD during lactation and suggest possible disruption of physical and sensory-motor maturation and increased susceptibility to depressive and aggressive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ássuka Giriko
- Department of Biosciences - Federal University of Sao Paulo/UNIFESP (Campus Baixada Santista), 11060-001 Santos, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Master in Health Sciences/UNIFESP (Campus Baixada Santista), 11060-001 Santos, Brazil
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Fox JH, Lowry CA. Corticotropin-releasing factor-related peptides, serotonergic systems, and emotional behavior. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:169. [PMID: 24065880 PMCID: PMC3778254 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a 41-amino acid neuropeptide that is involved in stress-related physiology and behavior, including control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Members of the CRF family of neuropeptides, including urocortin 1 (UCN 1), UCN 2, and UCN 3, bind to the G protein-coupled receptors, CRF type 1 (CRF1) and CRF2 receptors. In addition, CRF binding protein (CRFBP) binds both CRF and UCN 1 and can modulate their activities. There are multiple mechanisms through which CRF-related peptides may influence emotional behavior, one of which is through altering the activity of brainstem neuromodulatory systems, including serotonergic systems. CRF and CRF-related peptides act within the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR), the major source for serotonin (5-HT) in the brain, to alter the neuronal activity of specific subsets of serotonergic neurons and to influence stress-related behavior. CRF-containing axonal fibers innervate the DR in a topographically organized manner, which may contribute to the ability of CRF to alter the activity of specific subsets of serotonergic neurons. CRF and CRF-related peptides can either increase or decrease serotonergic neuronal firing rates and serotonin release, depending on their concentrations and on the specific CRF receptor subtype(s) involved. This review aims to describe the interactions between CRF-related peptides and serotonergic systems, the consequences for stress-related behavior, and implications for vulnerability to anxiety and affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Fox
- Behavioral Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, CO, USA
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Brierley DI, Davidson C. Harmine augments electrically evoked dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens shell. J Psychopharmacol 2013; 27:98-108. [PMID: 23076833 DOI: 10.1177/0269881112463125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Harmine is a β-carboline alkaloid and major component of ayahuasca, a traditional South American psychoactive tea with anecdotal efficacy for treatment of cocaine dependence. Harmine is an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and interacts in vitro with several pharmacological targets which modulate dopamine (DA) neurotransmission. In vivo studies have demonstrated dopaminergic effects of harmine, attributed to monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) activity, however none have directly demonstrated a pharmacological mechanism. This study investigated the acute effects, and pharmacological mechanism(s), of harmine on electrically evoked DA efflux parameters in the nucleus accumbens both in the absence and presence of cocaine. Fast cyclic voltammetry in rat brain slices was used to measure electrically evoked DA efflux in accumbens core and shell. Harmine (300 nM) significantly augmented DA efflux (148±8% of baseline) in the accumbens shell. Cocaine augmented efflux in shell additive to harmine (260±35%). Harmine had no effect on efflux in the accumbens core or on reuptake in either sub-region. The effect of harmine in the shell was attenuated by the 5-HT(2A/2C) antagonist ketanserin. The MAOI moclobemide (10 µM) had no effect on DA efflux. These data suggest that harmine augments DA efflux via a novel, shell-specific, presynaptic 5-HT(2A) receptor-dependent mechanism, independent of MAOI activity. A DA-releasing 'agonist therapy' mechanism may thus contribute to the putative therapeutic efficacy of ayahuasca for cocaine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Brierley
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, St George's, University of London, UK
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