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Marty V, Butler JJ, Coutens B, Chargui O, Chagraoui A, Guiard BP, De Deurwaerdère P, Cavaillé J. Deleting Snord115 genes in mice remodels monoaminergic systems activity in the brain toward cortico-subcortical imbalances. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:244-261. [PMID: 35951020 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuronal-specific SNORD115 has gathered interest because its deficiency may contribute to the pathophysiology of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), possibly by altering post-transcriptional regulation of the gene encoding the serotonin (HTR2C) receptor. Yet, Snord115-KO mice do not resume the main symptoms of PWS, and only subtle-altered A-to-I RNA editing of Htr2c mRNAs was uncovered. Because HTR2C signaling fine-tunes the activity of monoaminergic neurons, we addressed the hypothesis that lack of Snord115 alters monoaminergic systems. We first showed that Snord115 was expressed in both monoaminergic and non-monoaminergic cells of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) harboring cell bodies of dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons, respectively. Measuring the tissue level of monoamines and metabolites, we found very few differences except that the content of homovanillic acid-a metabolite of dopamine-was decreased in the orbitofrontal and prefrontal cortex of Snord115-KO mice. The latter effects were, however, associated with a few changes in monoamine tissue content connectivity across the 12 sampled brain regions. Using in vivo single-cell extracellular recordings, we reported that the firing rate of VTA dopaminergic neurons and DRN serotonergic neurons was significantly increased in Snord115-KO mice. These neural circuit dysfunctions were not, however, associated with apparent defects in binge eating, conditioned place preference to cocaine, cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion or compulsive behavior. Altogether, our multiscale study shows that the absence of Snord115 impacts central monoaminergic circuits to an extent that does not elicit gross behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Marty
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology (MCD) unit, Center of Integrative Biology (CBI), CNRS - University of Toulouse; CNRS, UPS, 31 062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jasmine J Butler
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), CNRS-UMR 5287, 146 rue Léo Saignat, B.P.281, F-33000 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Basile Coutens
- Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center of Integrative Biology (CBI), CNRS - University of Toulouse; CNRS, UPS, 31 062 Toulouse, France
| | - Oumaima Chargui
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), CNRS-UMR 5287, 146 rue Léo Saignat, B.P.281, F-33000 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Abdeslam Chagraoui
- Différenciation et Communication Neuroendocrine, Endocrine et Germinale (NorDic), INSERM U1239, IRIB, CHU Rouen, 76 000 Rouen, France.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76 000 Rouen, France
| | - Bruno P Guiard
- Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center of Integrative Biology (CBI), CNRS - University of Toulouse; CNRS, UPS, 31 062 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), CNRS-UMR 5287, 146 rue Léo Saignat, B.P.281, F-33000 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Cavaillé
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology (MCD) unit, Center of Integrative Biology (CBI), CNRS - University of Toulouse; CNRS, UPS, 31 062 Toulouse, France
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Hadizadeh H, Flores J, Nunes E, Mayerson T, Potenza MN, Angarita GA. Novel Pharmacological Agents for the Treatment of Cocaine Use Disorder. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40473-022-00246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Santos GM, Ikeda J, Coffin P, Walker JE, Matheson T, McLaughlin M, Jain J, Vittinghoff E, Batki SL. Pilot study of extended-release lorcaserin for cocaine use disorder among men who have sex with men: A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254724. [PMID: 34265007 PMCID: PMC8282062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if men who have sex with men (MSM) with cocaine use disorder (CUD) and actively-using cocaine could be enrolled and retained in a pharmacologic intervention trial of lorcaserin-a novel 5-HT2cR agonist-and determine the degree to which participants would adhere to study procedures. METHODS This was a phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study with 2:1 random parallel group assignment to daily extended-release oral lorcaserin 20 mg versus placebo (clinicaltrials.gov identifier-NCT03192995). Twenty-two of a planned 45 cisgender MSM with CUD were enrolled and had weekly follow-up visits during a 12-week treatment period, with substance use counseling, urine specimen collection, and completion of audio-computer assisted self-interview (ACASI) behavioral risk assessments. Adherence was measured by medication event monitoring systems (MEMS) caps and self-report. This study was terminated early because of an FDA safety alert for lorcaserin's long-term use. RESULTS Eighty-six percent completed the trial, with 82% of weekly study follow-up visits completed. Adherence was 55.3% (lorcaserin 51.6% vs. placebo 66.2%) by MEMS cap and 56.9% (56.5% vs. placebo 57.9%) by self-report and did not differ significantly by treatment assignment. Intention-to-treat analyses (ITT) did not show differences in cocaine positivity by urine screen between the lorcaserin and placebo groups by 12 week follow-up (incidence risk ratio [IRR]: 0.96; 95%CI = 0.24-3.82, P = 0.95). However, self-reported cocaine use in timeline follow-back declined more significantly in the lorcaserin group compared to placebo (IRR: 0.66; 95%CI = 0.49-0.88; P = 0.004). CONCLUSION We found that it is feasible, acceptable, and tolerable to conduct a placebo-controlled pharmacologic trial for MSM with CUD who are actively using cocaine. Lorcaserin was not associated with significant reductions in cocaine use by urine testing, but was associated with significant reductions in self-reported cocaine use. Future research may be needed to continue to explore the potential utility of 5-HT2cR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn-Milo Santos
- Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Center on Substance Use and Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Janet Ikeda
- Center on Substance Use and Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Phillip Coffin
- Center on Substance Use and Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Division of HIV, Infectious Disease & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - John E. Walker
- Center on Substance Use and Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Tim Matheson
- Center on Substance Use and Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Matthew McLaughlin
- Center on Substance Use and Health, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Jain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Steven L. Batki
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- San Francisco VA Health Care System (SFVAHCS), San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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Barbosa-Méndez S, Pérez-Sánchez G, Becerril-Villanueva E, Salazar-Juárez A. Melatonin decreases cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization and cocaine-conditioned place preference in rats. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 132:97-110. [PMID: 33080430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone that produces behavioral, pharmacological, and physiological effects through the activation of MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors. Melatonin receptors participate in the modulation of the reinforcing effects of cocaine. Some studies report that dosing of melatonin decreases cocaine-induced locomotor activity and cocaine self-administration and that luzindole, an MT1, and MT2 melatonin receptor antagonist, blocks the melatonin-dependent decrease in cocaine-induced locomotor activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute or chronic dosing of melatonin on the induction and expression of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization and cocaine-CPP in rats. Male Wistar rats received cocaine during the induction and expression of locomotor sensitization. Melatonin was administered 30 min before cocaine. After each treatment, locomotor activity was recorded for 30 min. Additionally, dopamine levels were determined in the ventral striatum, the prefrontal cortex (PFc), and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) by HPLC in animals treated with melatonin and cocaine. Melatonin decreased cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization and intracellular dopamine levels, as well as cocaine-CPP. Luzindole blocked the melatonin-induced decrease in the expression of locomotor sensitization in rats. These data suggest that melatonin may be a useful therapeutic agent to reduce cocaine abuse; additionally, they suggest that MT1 and MT2 receptors could be therapeutic targets, useful for the treatment of drug abuse disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa-Méndez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Ciudad de México, 14370, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
- Dirección de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, 14370, Mexico
| | - Enrique Becerril-Villanueva
- Dirección de Neurociencias, Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, 14370, Mexico
| | - Alberto Salazar-Juárez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Ciudad de México, 14370, Mexico.
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Baskin BM, Mai JJ, Dymecki SM, Kantak KM. Cocaine reward and memory after chemogenetic inhibition of distinct serotonin neuron subtypes in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2633-2648. [PMID: 32494973 PMCID: PMC8057056 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE We probed serotonin neurons, those denoted by their developmental gene expression as r2Hoxa2-Pet1 (experiment 1) and Drd1a-Pet1 (experiment 2), for differential modulation of cocaine reward and memory as revealed by the expression and development of conditioned place preference (CPP) in transgenic mice. OBJECTIVES To query roles in CPP, we inhibited neurons cell autonomously in vivo by activating the transgenically expressed, synthetic DREADD receptor hM4Di (Di) with the exogenous ligand clozapine-N-oxide (CNO). METHODS To examine CPP expression, mice were conditioned using behaviorally active doses of cocaine (10.0 or 17.8 mg/kg) vs. saline followed by CPP assessment, first without neuron inhibition (post-conditioning session 1), and then with CNO-mediated neuron inhibition (post-conditioning session 2), followed by 4 more post-conditioning sessions. To examine CPP development, we administered CNO during conditioning sessions and then assayed CPP across 6 post-conditioning sessions. RESULTS In r2Hoxa2-Pet1-Di mice, post-conditioning CNO administration did not impact cocaine CPP expression, but after CNO administration during conditioning, cocaine CPP (17.8 mg/kg) persisted across post-conditioning sessions compared with that in controls, suggesting a deficit in extinguishing cocaine memory. Drd1a-Pet1-Di mice, prior to CNO-Di-triggered neuronal inhibition, unexpectedly expressed heightened cocaine CPP (10.0 and 17.8 mg/kg) compared with controls, and this basal phenotype was transiently blocked by acute post-conditioning CNO administration and persistently blocked by repeated CNO administration during conditioning. CONCLUSION Cocaine reward and memory likely map to distinct serotonergic Pet1 neuron subtypes. r2Hoxa2-Pet1 neurons normally may limit the durability of cocaine memory, without impacting initial cocaine reward magnitude. Drd1a-Pet1 neurons normally may help to promote cocaine reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britahny M. Baskin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jia Jia Mai
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan M. Dymecki
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Kantak
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Stewart A, Davis GL, Gresch PJ, Katamish RM, Peart R, Rabil MJ, Gowrishankar R, Carroll FI, Hahn MK, Blakely RD. Serotonin transporter inhibition and 5-HT 2C receptor activation drive loss of cocaine-induced locomotor activation in DAT Val559 mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:994-1006. [PMID: 30578419 PMCID: PMC6462012 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) signaling dysfunction is believed to contribute to multiple neuropsychiatric disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The rare DA transporter (DAT) coding substitution Ala559Val found in subjects with ADHD, bipolar disorder and autism, promotes anomalous DA efflux in vitro and, in DAT Val559 mice, leads to increased reactivity to imminent handling, waiting impulsivity, and enhanced motivation for reward. Here, we report that, in contrast to amphetamine and methylphenidate, which induce significant locomotor activation, cocaine administration to these mice elicits no locomotor effects, despite retention of conditioned place preference (CPP). Additionally, cocaine fails to elevate extracellular DA. Given that amphetamine and methylphenidate, unlike cocaine, lack high-affinity interactions with the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT), we hypothesized that the lack of cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion in DAT Val559 mice arises from SERT blockade and augmented 5-HT signaling relative to cocaine actions on wildtype animals. Consistent with this idea, the SERT blocker fluoxetine abolished methylphenidate-induced locomotor activity in DAT Val559 mice, mimicking the effects seen with cocaine. Additionally, a cocaine analog (RTI-113) with greater selectivity for DAT over SERT retains locomotor activation in DAT Val559 mice. Furthermore, genetic elimination of high-affinity cocaine interactions at SERT in DAT Val559 mice, or specific inhibition of 5-HT2C receptors in these animals, restored cocaine-induced locomotion, but did not restore cocaine-induced elevations of extracellular DA. Our findings reveal a significant serotonergic plasticity arising in the DAT Val559 model that involves enhanced 5-HT2C signaling, acting independently of striatal DA release, capable of suppressing the activity of cocaine-sensitive motor circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Stewart
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Gwynne L. Davis
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA ,0000 0001 2264 7217grid.152326.1Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Paul J. Gresch
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA ,0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fBrain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Rania M. Katamish
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Rodeania Peart
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fWilkes Honors College, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Maximilian J. Rabil
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Raajaram Gowrishankar
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA ,0000 0001 2264 7217grid.152326.1Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA ,0000 0001 2264 7217grid.152326.1International Scholars Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
| | - F. Ivy Carroll
- 0000000100301493grid.62562.35Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Maureen K. Hahn
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA ,0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fBrain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA
| | - Randy D. Blakely
- 0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fDepartment of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA ,0000 0004 0635 0263grid.255951.fBrain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL USA
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7
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Cata-Preta EG, Serra YA, Moreira-Junior EDC, Reis HS, Kisaki ND, Libarino-Santos M, Silva RRR, Barros-Santos T, Santos LC, Barbosa PCR, Costa JL, Oliveira-Lima AJ, Berro LF, Marinho EAV. Ayahuasca and Its DMT- and β-carbolines - Containing Ingredients Block the Expression of Ethanol-Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Mice: Role of the Treatment Environment. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:561. [PMID: 29896106 PMCID: PMC5986901 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage produced from the decoction of Banisteriopsis caapi (Bc) and Psychotria viridis (Pv), β-carboline- and N,N-dimethyltryptamine(DMT)-containing plants, respectively. Accumulating evidence suggests that ayahuasca may have therapeutic effects on ethanol abuse. It is not known, however, whether its effects are dependent on the presence of DMT or if non-DMT-containing components would have therapeutic effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the rewarding properties of ayahuasca (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, orally), Bc (132, 440, and 1320 mg/kg, orally) and Pv (3.75, 12.5 and 37.5 mg/kg, i.p.) extracts and their effects on ethanol (1.8 g/kg, i.p.) reward using the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm in male mice. Animals were conditioned with ayahuasca, Bc or Pv extracts during 8 sessions. An intermediate, but not a high, dose of ayahuasca induced CPP in mice. Bc and Pv did not induce CPP. Subsequently, the effects of those extracts were tested on the development of ethanol-induced CPP. Ayahuasca, Bc or Pv were administered before ethanol injections during conditioning sessions. While Bc and Pv exerted no effects on ethanol-induced CPP, pretreatment with ayahuasca blocked the development of CPP to ethanol. Finally, the effects of a post-ethanol-conditioning treatment with ayahuasca, Bc or Pv on the expression of ethanol-induced CPP were tested. Animals were conditioned with ethanol, and subsequently treated with either ayahuasca, Bc or Pv in the CPP environment previously associated with saline or ethanol for 6 days. Animals were then reexposed to ethanol and ethanol-induced CPP was quantified on the following day. Treatment with all compounds in the ethanol-paired environment blocked the expression of ethanol-induced CPP. Administration of an intermediate, but not a high, dose of ayahuasca and Bc, as well as Pv administration, in the saline-paired compartment blocked the expression of ethanol-induced CPP. The present study sheds light into the components underlying the therapeutic effects of ayahuasca on ethanol abuse, indicating that ayahuasca and its plant components can decrease ethanol reward at doses that do not exert abuse liability. Importantly, the treatment environment seems to influence the therapeutic effects of ayahuasca and Bc, providing important insights into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasmim A. Serra
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | | | - Henrique S. Reis
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Natali D. Kisaki
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | | | - Raiany R. R. Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Thaísa Barros-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Lucas C. Santos
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. R. Barbosa
- Department of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - José L. Costa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Lais F. Berro
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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Mirtazapine impairs acquisition and reinstatement of cocaine-induced place preference in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 820:183-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Characterization of the discriminative stimulus effects of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Behav Pharmacol 2018; 28:394-400. [PMID: 28598863 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recreational use of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) in the early 2000s prompted numerous scientific investigations of its behavioral and neurochemical effects. The purpose of this study was to further characterize the interoceptive stimulus effects of MDPV using a validated in-vivo drug-detection assay. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to discriminate 0.3 mg/kg MDPV from saline under a fixed ratio 20 (FR 20) schedule of food reinforcement. After stimulus control was established with MDPV (∼35 training sessions), substitution tests were commenced with drugs from several chemical classes, including drugs with predominantly dopaminergic actions [MDPV, D-amphetamine, (+)-methamphetamine, (-)-cocaine], drugs with predominantly serotonergic actions [(+)-lysergic acid diethylamide, (+)-fenfluramine], and drugs with both serotonergic and dopaminergic actions (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 4-methylmethcathinone). Full substitution for the 0.3 mg/kg MDPV cue was observed with D-amphetamine, (+)-methamphetamine, and (-)-cocaine. Surprisingly, the 5-HT releaser (+)-fenfluramine fully substituted in half the subjects, but completely suppressed responding in the remaining subjects. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 4-methylmethcathinone, and (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide failed to fully substitute for MDPV. These results indicate that the MDPV cue is similar to cues produced by drugs with predominantly dopamine-increasing effects and perhaps serotonin-releasing effects among individual subjects. Given these findings, further research is warranted to directly assess the contributions of dopamine and serotonin receptor isoforms to the discriminative stimulus functions of MDPV.
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Higgins GA, Zeeb FD, Fletcher PJ. Role of impulsivity and reward in the anti-obesity actions of 5-HT 2C receptor agonists. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:1403-1418. [PMID: 29072522 DOI: 10.1177/0269881117735797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist lorcaserin entered clinical obesity trials with the prevalent view that satiety was a primary mechanism of action. Subsequent Phase II and III trials demonstrated efficacy in terms of weight loss, although the overall effect size (~3% placebo-corrected change) is considered modest. Lorcaserin has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of obesity with lifestyle modification, but since its introduction in 2013 its sales are in decline, probably due to its overall modest effect. However, in some individuals, lorcaserin has a much more clinically significant effect (i.e. >10% placebo-corrected change), although what common features, if any, define these high responders is presently unknown. In the present article we highlight the evidence that alternative mechanisms to satiety may contribute to the anti-obesity effect of lorcaserin, namely effects on constructs of primary and conditioned reward and impulsivity. This may better inform the clinical evaluation of lorcaserin (and any future 5-HT2C receptor agonists) to subgroups of obese subjects characterized by overeating due to maladaptive impulsivity and reward mechanisms. One such population might be individuals diagnosed with binge eating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Higgins
- 1 InterVivo Solutions Inc., Toronto, Canada.,2 Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fiona D Zeeb
- 3 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,4 Department of Psychology & Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul J Fletcher
- 3 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,4 Department of Psychology & Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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11
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Browne CJ, Ji X, Higgins GA, Fletcher PJ, Harvey-Lewis C. Pharmacological Modulation of 5-HT 2C Receptor Activity Produces Bidirectional Changes in Locomotor Activity, Responding for a Conditioned Reinforcer, and Mesolimbic DA Release in C57BL/6 Mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:2178-2187. [PMID: 28720903 PMCID: PMC5603805 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Converging lines of behavioral, electrophysiological, and biochemical evidence suggest that 5-HT2C receptor signaling may bidirectionally influence reward-related behavior through an interaction with the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system. Here we directly test this hypothesis by examining how modulating 5-HT2C receptor activity affects DA-dependent behaviors and relate these effects to changes in nucleus accumbens (NAc) DA release. In C57BL/6 mice, locomotor activity and responding for a conditioned reinforcer (CRf), a measure of incentive motivation, were examined following treatment with three 5-HT2C receptor ligands: the agonist CP809101 (0.25-3 mg/kg), the antagonist SB242084 (0.25-1 mg/kg), or the antagonist/inverse agonist SB206553 (1-5 mg/kg). We further tested whether doses of these compounds that changed locomotor activity and responding for a CRf (1 mg/kg CP809101, 0.5 mg/kg SB242084, or 2.5 mg/kg SB206553) also altered NAc DA release using in vivo microdialysis in anesthetized mice. CP809101 reduced locomotor activity, responding for a CRf, and NAc DA release. In contrast, both SB242084 and SB206553 enhanced locomotor activity, responding for a CRf, and NAc DA release, although higher doses of SB206553 produced opposite behavioral effects. Pretreatment with the non-selective DA receptor antagonist α-flupenthixol prevented SB242084 from enhancing responding for a CRf. Thus blocking tonic 5-HT2C receptor signaling can release serotonergic inhibition of mesolimbic DA activity and enhance reward-related behavior. The observed bidirectional effects of 5-HT2C receptor ligands may have important implications when considering the 5-HT2C receptor as a therapeutic target for psychiatric disorders, particularly those presenting with motivational dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb J Browne
- Section of Biopsychology, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaodong Ji
- Section of Biopsychology, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guy A Higgins
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,InterVivo Solutions, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul J Fletcher
- Section of Biopsychology, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Section of Biopsychology, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T1R8, Canada, Tel: +1 416 535 8501 ex. 34058, Fax: +1 416 979 6942, E-mail:
| | - Colin Harvey-Lewis
- Section of Biopsychology, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Simmler LD, Anacker AMJ, Levin MH, Vaswani NM, Gresch PJ, Nackenoff AG, Anastasio NC, Stutz SJ, Cunningham KA, Wang J, Zhang B, Henry LK, Stewart A, Veenstra‐VanderWeele J, Blakely RD. Blockade of the 5-HT transporter contributes to the behavioural, neuronal and molecular effects of cocaine. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2716-2738. [PMID: 28585320 PMCID: PMC5522997 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The psychostimulant cocaine induces complex molecular, cellular and behavioural responses as a consequence of inhibiting presynaptic dopamine, noradrenaline and 5-HT transporters. To elucidate 5-HT transporter (SERT)-specific contributions to cocaine action, we evaluated cocaine effects in the SERT Met172 knock-in mouse, which expresses a SERT coding substitution that eliminates high-affinity cocaine recognition. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We measured the effects of SERT Met172 on cocaine antagonism of 5-HT re-uptake using ex vivo synaptosome preparations and in vivo microdialysis. We assessed SERT dependence of cocaine actions behaviourally through acute and chronic locomotor activation, sensitization, conditioned place preference (CPP) and oral cocaine consumption. We used c-Fos, quantitative RT-PCR and RNA sequencing methods for insights into cellular and molecular networks supporting SERT-dependent cocaine actions. KEY RESULTS SERT Met172 mice demonstrated functional insensitivity for cocaine at SERT. Although they displayed wild-type levels of acute cocaine-induced hyperactivity or chronic sensitization, the pattern of acute motor activation was different, with a bias toward thigmotaxis. CPP was increased, and a time-dependent elevation in oral cocaine consumption was observed. SERT Met172 mice displayed relatively higher levels of neuronal activation in the hippocampus, piriform cortex and prelimbic cortex (PrL), accompanied by region-dependent changes in immediate early gene expression. Distinct SERT-dependent gene expression networks triggered by acute and chronic cocaine administration were identified, including PrL Akt and nucleus accumbens ERK1/2 signalling. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our studies reveal distinct SERT contributions to cocaine action, reinforcing the possibility of targeting specific aspects of cocaine addiction by modulation of 5-HT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D Simmler
- Department of PharmacologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Allison M J Anacker
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University; New York State Psychiatric InstituteNew YorkNYUSA
- Sackler Institute for Developmental PsychobiologyColumbia University; New York State Psychiatric InstituteNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Michael H Levin
- Department of PharmacologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Nina M Vaswani
- Department of PharmacologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Paul J Gresch
- Department of PharmacologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Department of Biomedical ScienceCharles E. Schmidt College of Medicine and Brain InstituteJupiterFLUSA
| | - Alex G Nackenoff
- Department of PharmacologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Noelle C Anastasio
- Center for Addiction ResearchUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Sonja J Stutz
- Center for Addiction ResearchUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Kathryn A Cunningham
- Center for Addiction ResearchUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - L Keith Henry
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksNDUSA
| | - Adele Stewart
- Department of PharmacologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Department of Biomedical ScienceCharles E. Schmidt College of Medicine and Brain InstituteJupiterFLUSA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra‐VanderWeele
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University; New York State Psychiatric InstituteNew YorkNYUSA
- Sackler Institute for Developmental PsychobiologyColumbia University; New York State Psychiatric InstituteNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Randy D Blakely
- Department of PharmacologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Department of PsychiatryVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA
- Department of Biomedical ScienceCharles E. Schmidt College of Medicine and Brain InstituteJupiterFLUSA
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13
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McDougall SA, Rudberg KN, Veliz A, Dhargalkar JM, Garcia AS, Romero LC, Gonzalez AE, Mohd-Yusof A, Crawford CA. Importance of D1 and D2 receptor stimulation for the induction and expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in preweanling rats. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:226-236. [PMID: 28284952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The behavioral manifestations of psychostimulant-induced sensitization vary markedly between young and adult rats, suggesting that the neural mechanisms mediating this phenomenon differ across ontogeny. In this project we examined the importance of D1 and D2 receptors for the induction and expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization during the preweanling period. In the behavioral experiments, rats were injected with reversible D1 and/or D2 antagonists (SCH23390 and/or raclopride) or an irreversible receptor antagonist (EEDQ) either before cocaine administration on the pretreatment day (induction) or before cocaine challenge on the test day (expression). In the EEDQ experiments, receptor specificity was assessed by using selective dopamine antagonists to protect D1 and/or D2 receptors from inactivation. Receptor binding assays showed that EEDQ caused substantial reductions in dorsal striatal D1 and D2 binding sites, while SCH23390 and raclopride fully protected D1 and D2 receptors from EEDQ-induced alkylation. Behavioral results showed that neither D1 nor D2 receptor stimulation was necessary for the induction of cocaine sensitization in preweanling rats. EEDQ disrupted the sensitization process, suggesting that another receptor type sensitive to EEDQ alkylation was necessary for the induction process. Expression of the sensitized response was prevented by an acute injection of a D1 receptor antagonist. The pattern of DA antagonist-induced effects described for preweanling rats is, with few exceptions, similar to what is observed when the same drugs are administered to adult rats. Thus, it appears that maturational changes in D1 and D2 receptor systems are not responsible for ontogenetic differences in the behavioral manifestation of cocaine sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanders A McDougall
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA.
| | - Krista N Rudberg
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Ana Veliz
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | | | - Aleesha S Garcia
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Loveth C Romero
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Ashley E Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA; Neuroscience Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alena Mohd-Yusof
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia A Crawford
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
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14
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Abstract
Classic hallucinogens share pharmacology as serotonin 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptor agonists. Unique among most other Schedule 1 drugs, they are generally non-addictive and can be effective tools in the treatment of addiction. Mechanisms underlying these attributes are largely unknown. However, many preclinical studies show that 5-HT2C agonists counteract the addictive effects of drugs from several classes, suggesting this pharmacological property of classic hallucinogens may be significant. Drawing from a comprehensive analysis of preclinical behavior, neuroanatomy, and neurochemistry studies, this review builds rationale for this hypothesis, and also proposes a testable, neurobiological framework. 5-HT2C agonists work, in part, by modulating dopamine neuron activity in the ventral tegmental area-nucleus accumbens (NAc) reward pathway. We argue that activation of 5-HT2C receptors on NAc shell, GABAergic, medium spiny neurons inhibits potassium Kv1.x channels, thereby enhancing inhibitory activity via intrinsic mechanisms. Together with experiments that show that addictive drugs, such as cocaine, potentiate Kv1.x channels, thereby suppressing NAc shell GABAergic activity, this hypothesis provides a mechanism by which classic hallucinogen-mediated stimulation of 5-HT2C receptors could thwart addiction. It also provides a potential reason for the non-addictive nature of classic hallucinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton E Canal
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Kevin S Murnane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Atlanta, USA
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Boury-Jamot B, Halfon O, Magistretti PJ, Boutrel B. Lactate release from astrocytes to neurons contributes to cocaine memory formation. Bioessays 2016; 38:1266-1273. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Boury-Jamot
- Department of Psychiatry; Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience; Lausanne University Hospital; Lausanne Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Olivier Halfon
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Department of Psychiatry; Lausanne University Hospital; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Pierre J. Magistretti
- Department of Psychiatry; Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience; Lausanne University Hospital; Lausanne Switzerland
- Brain Mind Institute; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Lausanne Switzerland
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Benjamin Boutrel
- Department of Psychiatry; Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience; Lausanne University Hospital; Lausanne Switzerland
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Department of Psychiatry; Lausanne University Hospital; Lausanne Switzerland
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16
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Mohd-Yusof A, Veliz A, Rudberg KN, Stone MJ, Gonzalez AE, McDougall SA. Effects of D2 or combined D1/D2 receptor antagonism on the methamphetamine-induced one-trial and multi-trial behavioral sensitization of preweanling rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:893-903. [PMID: 26650612 PMCID: PMC4752886 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE There is suggestive evidence that the neural mechanisms mediating one-trial and multi-trial behavioral sensitization differ, especially when the effects of various classes of dopamine (DA) agonists are examined. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of the D2 receptor for the induction of one-trial and multi-trial methamphetamine sensitization in preweanling rats. METHODS In a series of experiments, rats were injected with saline or raclopride (a selective D2 receptor antagonist), either alone or in combination with SCH23390 (a selective D1 receptor antagonist), 15 min prior to treatment with the indirect DA agonist methamphetamine. Acute control groups were given two injections of saline. This pretreatment regimen occurred on either postnatal days (PD) 13-16 (multi-trial) or PD 16 (one-trial). On PD 17, rats were challenged with methamphetamine and locomotor sensitization was determined. RESULTS Blockade of D2 or D1/D2 receptors reduced or prevented, respectively, the induction of multi-trial methamphetamine sensitization in young rats, while the same manipulations had minimal effects on one-trial behavioral sensitization. CONCLUSIONS DA antagonist treatment differentially affected the methamphetamine-induced sensitized responding of preweanling rats depending on whether a one-trial or multi-trial procedure was used. The basis for this effect is uncertain, but there was some evidence that repeated DA antagonist treatment caused nonspecific changes that produced a weakened sensitized response. Importantly, DA antagonist treatment did not prevent the one-trial behavioral sensitization of preweanling rats. The latter result brings into question whether DA receptor stimulation is necessary for the induction of psychostimulant-induced behavioral sensitization during early ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Mohd-Yusof
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Ana Veliz
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Krista N Rudberg
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Michelle J Stone
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
| | - Ashley E Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA
- Present address: A.E. Gonzalez, Neurosciences Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1215 Welch Road Modular B, #42, Stanford, CA, 94305-5400, USA
| | - Sanders A McDougall
- Department of Psychology, 5500 University Parkway, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, 92407, USA.
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Rüedi-Bettschen D, Spealman RD, Platt DM. Attenuation of cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug seeking in squirrel monkeys by direct and indirect activation of 5-HT2C receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:2959-68. [PMID: 25877746 PMCID: PMC4515185 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-3932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) transport inhibitors can attenuate the abuse-related effects of cocaine, and the mechanisms underlying this attenuation may involve activation of 5-HT2C receptors. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to investigate the consequences of direct and indirect pharmacological activation of 5-HT2C receptors on reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior induced by cocaine priming and a cocaine-paired stimulus. METHODS Monkeys were trained to self-administer cocaine under a second-order schedule in which responding was maintained by i.v. cocaine injections and a cocaine-paired stimulus. Drug seeking was extinguished by replacing cocaine with vehicle and eliminating the cocaine-paired stimulus. During reinstatement tests, the animals received a priming injection of cocaine along with restoration of the cocaine-paired stimulus, but only vehicle was available for self administration. RESULTS Pretreatment with either the 5-HT transport inhibitor fluoxetine (5.6 mg/kg) or the 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro 60-0175 (1 mg/kg) attenuated reinstatement of drug seeking by cocaine priming. The reinstatement-attenuating effects of both drugs were reversed by the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB 242084 (0.03-0.56 mg/kg). Ro 60-0175 (1 mg/kg) attenuated cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug seeking regardless of whether priming injections were or were not accompanied by restoration of the cocaine-paired stimulus. Ro 60-0175 (0.56 mg/kg) was equally effective whether it was administered acutely or chronically. Finally, Ro 60-0175 (0.3-1 mg/kg) had observable behavioral effects suggestive of anxiolytic-like properties. CONCLUSIONS 5-HT2C receptor mechanisms play a key role in the modulation of cocaine-induced reinstatement by fluoxetine and Ro 60-0175. Direct activation of 5-HT2C receptors may offer a novel, tolerance-free therapeutic strategy for the prevention of cocaine relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roger D. Spealman
- Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA, USA
| | - Donna M. Platt
- Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA, USA
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Grotewold SK, Wall VL, Goodell DJ, Hayter C, Bland ST. Effects of cocaine combined with a social cue on conditioned place preference and nucleus accumbens monoamines after isolation rearing in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:3041-53. [PMID: 24553577 PMCID: PMC4646085 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3470-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Social interaction during drug exposure can potentiate cocaine reward. Isolation rearing (ISO) during adolescence increases social interaction and may amplify this potentiation. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study are to determine whether ISO alters conditioned place preference (CPP) for cocaine when combined with a social cue and to determine whether ISO alters the effects of cocaine when combined with social cue on nucleus accumbens shell (NAcS) dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT). METHODS Male and female rats were either ISO or group (GRP) reared for 4 weeks during adolescence. CPP was performed using a low dose of cocaine (2 mg/kg or saline) with or without exposure to a novel same-sex conspecific during conditioning. In vivo microdialysis was performed using the same parameters. RESULTS ISO rats engaged in more social and aggressive behaviors during conditioning relative to GRP. Cocaine reduced social and aggressive behaviors in all rats. CPP was not influenced by rearing condition. Cocaine produced significant CPP, and a social cue produced CPP only in males. In contrast, the interaction of cocaine and a social cue on NAcS DA and 5-HT differed depending upon rearing condition. In isolates, cocaine-induced DA was attenuated, while cocaine plus a social cue produced potentiated DA and 5-HT. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to a low dose of cocaine in the presence of a social cue produced additive effects on CPP while producing synergistic effects on DA and 5-HT in the NAcS of ISO rats. The aversive effects of this compound stimulus may negate the rewarding effects in isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K. Grotewold
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, North Classroom Building, Rm. 5002 1200 Larimer Street, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Vanessa L. Wall
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, North Classroom Building, Rm. 5002 1200 Larimer Street, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Dayton J. Goodell
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Cassandra Hayter
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, North Classroom Building, Rm. 5002 1200 Larimer Street, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
| | - Sondra T. Bland
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, North Classroom Building, Rm. 5002 1200 Larimer Street, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
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Chen H, Qiang H, Fan K, Wang S, Zheng Z. The snoRNA MBII-52 regulates cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and locomotion in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99986. [PMID: 24979384 PMCID: PMC4076176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine dependence involves in the brain's reward circuit as well as nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key region of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway. Many studies have documented altered expression of genes and identified transcription factor networks and epigenetic processes that are fundamental to cocaine addiction. However, all these investigations have focused on mRNA and/or miRNA, which may not reflect the involvement of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), which has been implied in a broad range of biological processes and complex diseases including brain development and neuropathologocal process. To further address the role of snoRNA in cocaine addiction, we show that repeated exposure and conditioned place preference (CPP) training to cocaine negatively regulates the expression of MBII-52 mRNA level, which is a brain-specific C/D box snoRNA, but not influences the serotonin receptor 2C (5HT2CR) mRNA level in NAc. Furthemore, we show, developing lentiviral vector (LV)-expressing MBII-52 and LV-5HT2CR for stable and regulatable MBII-52 and LV-5HT2CR expression. LV-MBII-52 and LV-5HT2CR expression in NAc attenuate cocaine induced CPP and locomotor activity. Taken together, these findings show that MBII-52 and 5HT2CR exert an inhibitory influence on the behavioral responses to cocaine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Qiang
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaichun Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shousen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhaocong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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20
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The role of serotonin in drug use and addiction. Behav Brain Res 2014; 277:146-92. [PMID: 24769172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of psychoactive drugs is a wide spread behaviour in human societies. The systematic use of a drug requires the establishment of different drug use-associated behaviours which need to be learned and controlled. However, controlled drug use may develop into compulsive drug use and addiction, a major psychiatric disorder with severe consequences for the individual and society. Here we review the role of the serotonergic (5-HT) system in the establishment of drug use-associated behaviours on the one hand and the transition and maintenance of addiction on the other hand for the drugs: cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA (ecstasy), morphine/heroin, cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine. Results show a crucial, but distinct involvement of the 5-HT system in both processes with considerable overlap between psychostimulant and opioidergic drugs and alcohol. A new functional model suggests specific adaptations in the 5-HT system, which coincide with the establishment of controlled drug use-associated behaviours. These serotonergic adaptations render the nervous system susceptible to the transition to compulsive drug use behaviours and often overlap with genetic risk factors for addiction. Altogether we suggest a new trajectory by which serotonergic neuroadaptations induced by first drug exposure pave the way for the establishment of addiction.
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Ledesma JC, Escrig MA, Pastor R, Aragon CM. The MAO-A inhibitor clorgyline reduces ethanol-induced locomotion and its volitional intake in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 116:30-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Tallarida CS, Corley G, Kovalevich J, Yen W, Langford D, Rawls SM. Ceftriaxone attenuates locomotor activity induced by acute and repeated cocaine exposure in mice. Neurosci Lett 2013; 556:155-9. [PMID: 24120434 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ceftriaxone (CTX) decreases locomotor activation produced by initial cocaine exposure and attenuates development of behavioral sensitization produced by repeated cocaine exposure. An important question that has not yet been answered is whether or not CTX reduces behavioral sensitization to cocaine in cases in which the antibiotic is administered only during the period of cocaine absence that follows repeated cocaine exposure and precedes reintroduction to cocaine. We investigated this question using C57BL/6 mice. Mice pretreated with cocaine (15mg/kg×14 days) and then challenged with cocaine (15mg/kg) after 30 days of cocaine absence displayed sensitization of locomotor activity. For combination experiments, CTX injected during the 30 days of cocaine absence attenuated behavioral sensitization produced by cocaine challenge. In the case in which CTX was injected together with cocaine for 14 days, development of behavioral sensitization to cocaine challenge was also reduced. CTX attenuated the increase in locomotor activity produced by acute cocaine exposure; however, its efficacy was dependent on the dose of cocaine as inhibition was detected against 30mg/kg, but not 15mg/kg, of cocaine. These results from mice indicate that CTX attenuates locomotor activity produced by acute and repeated cocaine exposure and counters cocaine's locomotor activating properties in a paradigm in which the antibiotic is injected during the period of forced cocaine absence that follows repeated cocaine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Tallarida
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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