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Costa PA, Everett NA, Turner AJ, Umpierrez LS, Baracz SJ, Cornish JL. Adolescent alcohol binge drinking and withdrawal: behavioural, brain GFAP-positive astrocytes and acute methamphetamine effects in adult female rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06580-2. [PMID: 38705893 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcopop beverages are generally the first alcoholic beverage that young females drink which contain high levels of sugar and alcohol. The over-consumption of these drinks may encourage alcohol co-administration with methamphetamine (METH) impacting on drinking behaviour and glial function. AIMS The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of adolescent binge alcohol exposure on consumption level, anxiety-like behaviour, cross-sensitization with METH and on astrocyte expression in reward related brain regions. METHODS Adolescent female Sprague-Dawley rats had daily 1-hour oral alcohol consumption of alcopop (ALCP; with sucrose) or ethanol-only (ETOH; without sucrose), transitioned from 5 to 15% (v/v) ethanol content for 34 days. Water and sucrose groups act as controls. During alcohol withdrawal, rats were tested for anxiety on the elevated plus maze (EPM) and locomotor activity following saline or METH (1 mg/kg i.p) treatment. Brains were then collected to assess astrocyte immunofluorescence for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in reward-related brain regions. RESULTS Rats pretreated with 5% ALCP consumed significantly more volume and ethanol intake when compared to 5% EtOH rats. Both ALCP and EtOH groups had a higher preference ratio for 5% than 15% alcohol solutions and ALCP rats had greater ethanol intake at 15% than EtOH rats. Alcohol withdrawal showed no significant differences between groups on anxiety, METH cross-sensitization effects or GFAP intensity in the regions studied. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the addition of sucrose to alcoholic solutions encouraged female rats to consume larger volumes and greater ethanol intake compared to ethanol-only solutions, yet did not have long lasting effects on behaviour and astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila A Costa
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Nicholas A Everett
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Anita J Turner
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Laísa S Umpierrez
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sarah J Baracz
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Cornish
- Behavioural Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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Karadayian AG, Czerniczyniec A, Lores-Arnaiz S. Apoptosis Due to After-effects of Acute Ethanol Exposure in Brain Cortex: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Signaling Pathways. Neuroscience 2024; 544:39-49. [PMID: 38423164 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover is the combination of negative mental and physical symptoms which can be experienced after a single episode of alcohol consumption, starting when blood alcohol concentration approaches zero. We previously demonstrated that hangover provokes mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, imbalance in antioxidant defenses, and impairment in cellular bioenergetics. Chronic and acute ethanol intake induces neuroapoptosis but there are no studies which evaluated apoptosis at alcohol hangover. The aim of the present work was to study alcohol residual effects on intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways in mice brain cortex. Male Swiss mice received i.p. injection of ethanol (3.8 g/kg) or saline. Six hours after injection, at alcohol hangover onset, mitochondria and tissue lysates were obtained from brain cortex. Results indicated that during alcohol hangover a loss of granularity of mitochondria and a strong increment in mitochondrial permeability were observed, indicating the occurrence of swelling. Alcohol-treated mice showed a significant 35% increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and a 5-fold increase in the ratio level of cytochrome c between mitochondria and cytosol. Caspase 3, 8 and 9 protein expressions were 32%, 33% and 20% respectively enhanced and the activity of caspase 3 and 6 was 30% and 20% increased also due to the hangover condition. Moreover, 38% and 32% increments were found in PARP1 and p53 protein expression respectively and on the contrary, SIRT-1 was almost 50% lower than controls due to the hangover condition. The present work demonstrates that alcohol after-effects could result in the activation of mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analia Czerniczyniec
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Tonetto S, Weikop P, Thomsen M. Nutritional ketosis as treatment for alcohol withdrawal symptoms in female C57BL/6J mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5092. [PMID: 38429369 PMCID: PMC10907582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Upon both acute and prolonged alcohol intake, the brain undergoes a metabolic shift associated with increased acetate metabolism and reduced glucose metabolism, which persists during abstinence, putatively leading to energy depletion in the brain. This study evaluates the efficacy of ketogenic treatments to rescue psychiatric and neurochemical alterations during long-term alcohol withdrawal. Female mice were intermittently exposed to alcohol vapor or air for three weeks, during which mice were introduced to either a ketogenic diet (KD), control diet supplemented with ketone ester (KE) or remained on control diet (CD). Withdrawal symptoms were assessed over a period of four weeks followed by re-exposure using several behavioral and biochemical tests. Alcohol-exposed mice fed CD displayed long-lasting depressive-like symptoms measured by saccharin preference and tail suspension, as well as decreased norepinephrine levels and serotonin turnover in the hippocampus. Both KD and KE rescued anhedonia for up to three weeks of abstinence. KD mice showed higher latency to first immobility in the tail suspension test, as well as lower plasma cholesterol levels. Our findings show promising effects of nutritional ketosis in ameliorating alcohol withdrawal symptoms in mice. KD seemed to better rescue these symptoms compared to KE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Tonetto
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Center for Translational Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Weikop
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morgan Thomsen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Copenhagen Center for Translational Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Hovedvejen 17, 1., 2000, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Simon B, Thury AÁ, Török L, Földesi I, Csabafi K, Bagosi Z. The effects of alcohol on anxiety-like, depression-like, and social behavior immediately and a day after binge drinking. Alcohol 2023; 112:17-24. [PMID: 37236432 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of binge drinking on anxiety-like, depression-like, and social behavior. The participation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors (CRF1 and CRF2) in these effects was also investigated. Therefore, male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to drinking in the dark, a classical animal model for binge drinking, and treated intracerebroventricularly (icv) with selective CRF1 antagonist antalarmin or selective CRF2 antagonist astressin2B, immediately or 24 h after binge drinking. After 30 min, the animals were investigated in an elevated plus-maze test and a forced swim test for anxiety-like and depression-like signs, respectively. In addition, mice were tested in a three-chamber social interaction arena for sociability and preference for social novelty. Immediately after binge drinking, mice exposed to alcohol expressed anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, which were reduced by astressin2B, but not antalarmin. Moreover, mice exposed to alcohol showed increased sociability and preference for social novelty immediately after binge drinking. In contrast, 24 h after binge drinking mice exposed to alcohol presented anxiety-like and depression-like signs, which were reversed by antalarmin, but not astressin2B. However, mice exposed to alcohol did not show any significant change in social interaction after 24 h. The present study demonstrates that alcohol exerts different effects on anxiety-like, depression-like, and social behavior immediately and a day after binge drinking, and that the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects produced by binge drinking are mediated by CRF2, whereas the anxiety-like and depression-like signs observed the next day are promoted by CRF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Simon
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Attila Ágoston Thury
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Török
- Department of Traumatology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Földesi
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Csabafi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Bagosi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Tellez-Monnery K, Berghoff CR, McDermott MJ. Investigating the effects of emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thinking on alcohol hangover anxiety and depression. Addict Behav 2023; 140:107619. [PMID: 36689889 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Underlying factors associated with alcohol hangover psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, have not been identified. Emotion dysregulation and repetitive negative thinking (RNT) are transdiagnostic factors associated with psychopathology, including non-hangover anxiety and depression. The current study prospectively examined the role of emotion dysregulation on subsequent alcohol hangover anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the moderating role of RNT on this relation among university students. METHODS One hundred thirty-six participants completed baseline assessments of emotion dysregulation (DERS-16) and non-hangover anxiety and depression (DASS-21). Thirty-nine participants reported experiencing alcohol hangover at 2-week follow up and completed assessments of RNT (PTQ) and hangover anxiety and depression (modified DASS-21). Two independent regression-based moderation analyses were conducted to examine the relation of baseline emotion dysregulation, 2-week follow-up RNT, and hangover anxiety and depression symptoms after accounting for baseline non-hangover anxiety and depression symptoms. RESULTS Among those experiencing alcohol hangover (n = 39), emotion dysregulation and RNT were not associated with hangover related anxiety beyond non-hangover anxiety. Emotion dysregulation significantly predicted hangover depression but was rendered non-significant by the addition of RNT, which was significantly associated with hangover depression. RNT moderated the emotion dysregulation-hangover depression relation such that emotion dysregulation was not associated with future hangover depression at low levels of RNT but was positively associated with hangover depression at moderate to high levels of RNT. CONCLUSION Results provide preliminary support for the role of emotion dysregulation and RNT in hangover depression severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher R Berghoff
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, United States
| | - Michael J McDermott
- Department of Psychology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, United States.
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Tonetto S, Weikop P, Brudek T, Thomsen M. Behavioral and biochemical effects of alcohol withdrawal in female C3H/HeNRj and C57BL/6JRj mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1143720. [PMID: 36910126 PMCID: PMC9995974 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1143720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major problem of our society and is often characterized and worsened by relapse. Prolonged alcohol exposure leads to numerous biochemical alterations that, upon cessation of alcohol intake, cause an array of immediate and lasting withdrawal symptoms. Acute withdrawal and neuroinflammation can be harmful in themselves, and lasting withdrawal symptoms contribute to relapse. Here, we conducted an initial feasibility study assessing several behavioral and neurochemical factors in female C3H/HeNRj (C3H) and C57BL/6JRj (B6) mice to determine which strain showed the clearest alcohol withdrawal symptoms during long-term abstinence and neurochemical alterations following re-exposure. Methods Female C3H and B6 mice (n = 12 per group/strain) were intermittently exposed to alcohol-containing or control liquid diets for 3 weeks. Acute and prolonged withdrawal symptoms were assessed over a period of 3 weeks using a battery of behavioral test, comprised of alcohol self-administration, anhedonia, hyperalgesia, anxiety-like and depressive-like disturbances. Brain inflammation was measured by multiplex cytokine assay. Monoamine levels in the hippocampus and striatum, as well as exploratory analyses of cations levels in the cerebellum, were assessed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results Both C3H and B6 alcohol-exposed mice displayed decreased saccharin intake or preference and higher stress levels assessed by ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) recordings. B6 but not C3H alcohol-exposed mice also exhibited a slower decline of alcohol oral self-administration (OSA), hyperalgesia, elevated brain TNF-α and elevated serotonin turnover. Conclusion Our findings highlight the suitability of the B6 strain to study the behavioral and neurochemical alterations caused by alcohol withdrawal and the potential efficacy of experimental treatments, not only in early detoxification, but also in prolonged abstinence. The feasibility of these assays is important because long-lasting withdrawal symptoms are often the main cause of relapse in alcohol-dependent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Tonetto
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Copenhagen Center for Translational Research, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Weikop
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomasz Brudek
- Copenhagen Center for Translational Research, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morgane Thomsen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Copenhagen Center for Translational Research, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kim AJ, Sherry SB, Nealis LJ, Mushquash A, Lee-Baggley D, Stewart SH. Do symptoms of depression and anxiety contribute to heavy episodic drinking? A 3-wave longitudinal study of adult community members. Addict Behav 2022; 130:107295. [PMID: 35231843 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heavy episodic drinking (or binge drinking) is a significant public health concern. Self-medication using alcohol is often thought to explain the co-occurrence of heavy episodic drinking with depression and anxiety. Yet, there is little longitudinal work examining both depressive and anxiety symptoms and how they are independently related to heavy episodic drinking in adult community samples. To this end, we invited adult community members (N = 102) to come to the lab to complete validated measures of depressive symptoms (composite of CES-D-SF, SCL-90-D, and DASS-21-D), anxiety symptoms (DASS-21-A), and heavy episodic drinking (composite of frequency, severity, and perceptions) at baseline, and again three and six months later. Using a three-wave cross-lagged panel model, we tested reciprocal relations between heavy episodic drinking and each internalizing symptom. We found strong temporal stability in our study variables. Depressive symptoms were associated with increases in heavy episodic drinking, and anxiety symptoms were associated with decreases in heavy episodic drinking. In contrast, heavy episodic drinking did not predict either internalizing symptom over time. Results are consistent with the notion that individuals with greater depressive symptoms use alcohol to self-medicate, and that anxiety symptoms (particularly autonomic arousal) may be potentially protective against future heavy episodic drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy J Kim
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Simon B Sherry
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, B3H 2E2, Canada.
| | - Logan J Nealis
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | | | - Dayna Lee-Baggley
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Sherry H Stewart
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, B3H 2E2, Canada.
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N 6-substituated adenosine analog J4 attenuates anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:887-895. [PMID: 35102423 PMCID: PMC9063204 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure produces various physical and mental withdrawal symptoms. Activation of adenosine receptors is known to inhibit withdrawal-induced excitation. However, limited studies investigate how adenosine analogs may prove helpful tools to alleviate alcohol withdrawal-related affective behaviors. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effects of J4 compared with saline using the mice vapor or voluntary ethanol drinking model on behavioral endpoints representing ethanol-withdrawal negative emotionality commonly observed during abstinence from chronic alcohol use. METHODS We subjected C57BL/6 J mice to chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure schedule to investigate how 72-h withdrawal from alcohol alters affective-like behavior. Next, we determined how treatment with J4, a second-generation adenosine analog, influenced affective behaviors produced by alcohol withdrawal. Finally, we determined how J4 treatment alters voluntary ethanol drinking using the two-bottle-choice drinking paradigm. RESULTS Our results show that 72-h withdrawal from chronic intermittent ethanol exposure produces limited affective-like disturbances in male C57BL/6 J mice exposed to 4 cycles ethanol vapor. Most importantly, J4 treatment irrespective of ethanol exposure decreases innate anxiety-like behavior in mice. CONCLUSIONS Withdrawal from chronic intermittent ethanol exposure and subsequent behavioral testing 72 h later produces minimal affective-like behavior. J4 treatment did however reduce marble-burying behavior and increased time spent in open arms of the elevated plus maze, suggesting J4 may be useful as a general anxiolytic.
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Karadayian AG, Bustamante J, Lores-Arnaiz S. Alcohol hangover induces nitric oxide metabolism changes by impairing NMDA receptor-PSD95-nNOS pathway. Nitric Oxide 2021; 113-114:39-49. [PMID: 33962017 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover is defined as the combination of mental and physical symptoms experienced the day after a single episode of heavy drinking, starting when blood alcohol concentration approaches zero. We previously evidenced increments in free radical generation and an imbalance in antioxidant defences in non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes during hangover. It is widely known that acute alcohol exposure induces changes in nitric oxide (NO) production and blocks the binding of glutamate to NMDAR in central nervous system. Our aim was to evaluate the residual effect of acute ethanol exposure (hangover) on NO metabolism and the role of NMDA receptor-PSD95-nNOS pathway in non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes from mouse brain cortex. Results obtained for the synaptosomes fraction showed a 37% decrease in NO total content, a 36% decrease in NOS activity and a 19% decrease in nNOS protein expression. The in vitro addition of glutamate to synaptosomes produced a concentration-dependent enhancement of NO production which was significantly lower in samples from hangover mice than in controls for all the glutamate concentrations tested. A similar patter of response was observed for nNOS activity being decreased both in basal conditions and after glutamate addition. In addition, synaptosomes exhibited a 64% and 15% reduction in NMDA receptor subunit GluN2B and PSD-95 protein expression, respectively. Together with this, glutamate-induced calcium entry was significant decreased in synaptosomes from alcohol-treated mice. On the other hand, in non-synaptic mitochondria, no significant differences were observed in NO content, NOS activity or nNOS protein expression. The expression of iNOS remained unaltered in synaptosomes and non-synaptic mitochondria. Here we demonstrated that hangover effects on NO metabolism are strongly evidenced in synaptosomes probably due to a disruption in NMDAR/PSD-95/nNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juanita Bustamante
- Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias de La Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Dos Santos LC, Junqueira Ayres DD, de Sousa Pinto ÍA, Silveira MA, Albino MDC, Holanda VAD, Lima RH, André E, Padovan CM, Gavioli EC, de Paula Soares V. Early and late behavioral consequences of ethanol withdrawal: focus on brain indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase activity. Alcohol 2021; 90:1-9. [PMID: 33031882 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are symptoms associated with ethanol withdrawal that lead individuals to relapse. In the kynurenine pathway, the enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) is responsible for the conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine, and dysregulation of this pathway has been associated with psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression. The present study evaluated the early and late behavioral and biochemical effects of ethanol withdrawal in rats. Male Wistar rats were submitted to increasing concentrations of ethanol in drinking water during 21 days. In experiment 1, both control and withdrawal groups were submitted to a battery of behavioral tests 3, 5, 10, 19, and 21 days following ethanol removal. In experiment 2, animals were euthanized 3 days (short-term) or 21 days (long-term) after withdrawal, and the brains were dissected altogether, following kynurenine concentration analysis in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. Short-term ethanol withdrawal decreased the exploration of the open arms in the elevated plus-maze. In the forced swimming test, long-term ethanol-withdrawn rats displayed higher immobility time than control animals. Ethanol withdrawal altered neither locomotion nor motor coordination of rats. In experiment 2, kynurenine concentrations were increased in the prefrontal cortex after a long-term period of withdrawal. In conclusion, short-term ethanol withdrawal produced anxiety-like behaviors, while long-term withdrawal favored depressive-like behaviors. Long-term ethanol withdrawal elevated kynurenine levels, specifically in the prefrontal cortex, suggesting that the depressive-like responses observed after long-term withdrawal might be related to the increased IDO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Carla Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Décio Dutra Junqueira Ayres
- Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ícaro Aleksei de Sousa Pinto
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Marana Ali Silveira
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Maryelle de Cássia Albino
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Victor Anastácio Duarte Holanda
- Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ramón Hypolito Lima
- Graduate Program in Neuroengineering, Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute for Neuroscience, Macaiba, RN, Brazil
| | - Eunice André
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Padovan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina Gavioli
- Laboratory of Behavioral Pharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Paula Soares
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Hartmann MC, Haney MM, Smith CG, Kumar V, Rosenwasser AM. Affective Disruption During Forced Ethanol Abstinence in C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NJ Mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2019-2030. [PMID: 32862442 PMCID: PMC11060412 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In alcohol-dependent individuals, acute alcohol withdrawal results in severe physiological disruption, including potentially lethal central nervous system hyperexcitability. Although benzodiazepines successfully mitigate such symptoms, this treatment does not significantly reduce recidivism rates in postdependent individuals. Instead, persistent affective disturbances that often emerge weeks to months after initial detoxification appear to play a significant role in relapse risk; however, it remains unclear whether genetic predispositions contribute to their emergence, severity, and/or duration. Interestingly, significant genotypic and phenotypic differences have been observed among distinct C57BL/6 (B6) substrains, and, in particular, C57BL/6J (B6J) mice have been found to reliably exhibit higher voluntary ethanol (EtOH) intake and EtOH preference compared to several C57BL/6N (B6N)-derived substrains. To date, however, B6 substrains have not been directly compared on measures of acute withdrawal severity or affective-behavioral disruption during extended abstinence. METHODS Male and female B6J and B6NJ mice were exposed to either a 7-day chronic intermittent EtOH vapor (CIE) protocol or to ordinary room air in inhalation chambers. Subsequently, blood EtOH concentrations and handling-induced convulsions were evaluated during acute withdrawal, and mice were then tested weekly for affective behavior on the sucrose preference test, light-dark box test, and forced swim test throughout 4 weeks of (forced) abstinence. RESULTS Despite documented differences in voluntary EtOH intake between these substrains, we found little evidence for substrain differences in either acute withdrawal or long-term abstinence between B6J and B6NJ mice. CONCLUSIONS In B6J and B6NJ mice, both the acute and long-term sequelae of EtOH withdrawal are dependent on largely nonoverlapping gene networks relative to those underlying voluntary EtOH drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Hartmann
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Megan M. Haney
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Caitlin G. Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Alan M. Rosenwasser
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
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12
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Tolomeo S, Macfarlane JA, Baldacchino A, Koob GF, Steele JD. Alcohol Binge Drinking: Negative and Positive Valence System Abnormalities. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 6:126-134. [PMID: 33279457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Each year, 3 million deaths occur owing to alcohol misuse. Translational studies are crucial to translate preclinical findings to patients. Preclinical studies have highlighted abnormalities in specific brain systems, with these forming the basis of allostasis theory. However, few studies have tested predictions in humans using neuroimaging. METHODS We used a Research Domain Criteria approach to test allostasis theory predictions of blunted positive valence system (PVS) and abnormally increased negative valence system (NVS) responses in 57 binge alcohol drinking subjects and healthy control subjects who completed an instrumental task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS As hypothesized, binge alcohol drinkers showed abnormally increased activity in NVS-linked regions, such as the hippocampus and dorsal cingulate, and abnormally blunted activity in PVS-linked regions, such as the striatum, compared with control subjects. Higher measures of problematic alcohol use were associated with more abnormal brain activity only for binge drinkers who had been most recently drinking. CONCLUSIONS These results support allostasis theory predictions of abnormally increased NVS and blunted PVS responses in binge alcohol drinkers. Further similar translational neuroimaging studies are indicated, particularly focusing on the NVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serenella Tolomeo
- Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Alex Baldacchino
- Division of Population and Behavioral Science, Medical School, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - George F Koob
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - J Douglas Steele
- Division of Imaging Science and Technology, Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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Treadmill Exercise Buffers Behavioral Alterations Related to Ethanol Binge-Drinking in Adolescent Mice. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10090576. [PMID: 32825478 PMCID: PMC7563508 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The binge-drinking pattern of EtOH consumption, which is frequently observed in adolescents, is known to induce several neurobehavioral alterations, but protection strategies against these impairments remain scarcely explored. We aimed to study the protective role of treadmill physical exercise on the deficits caused after repeated cycles of binge-like EtOH exposure in the cognition, motivation, exploration, and emotion of C57BL/6J mice from adolescence to adulthood. Animals were divided into four groups: control group, exercised group, EtOH group, and exercised + EtOH group (20% in tap water). The exercise was performed for 20 min, 5 days/week at 20 cm/s. Then, animals were submitted to several behavioral tasks. Compared to binge-drinking mice, the exercised + EtOH group exhibited diminished anxiolytic-related behaviors in the elevated plus-maze, enhanced exploratory activity in the open field, reduced preference for alcohol odor when another rewarding stimulus was present (social stimulus) and lower latency to start self-cleaning behaviors in the sucrose splash test. In contrast, other measurements such as habituation learning and working memory were not improved by exercise. Besides, exercise was not able to reduce alcohol consumption across the weeks. In conclusion, physical activity during adolescence and early adulthood could buffer certain neurobehavioral alterations associated with binge-drinking, despite not reducing the quantity of consumed alcohol.
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14
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Sun H, Liu S, Mao J, Yu Z, Lin Z, Mao J. New insights into the impacts of huangjiu compontents on intoxication. Food Chem 2020; 317:126420. [PMID: 32101783 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although huangjiu is a popular alcoholic beverage in China, the occurrence of quick-intoxication suppresses huangjiu consumption and impedes development of the huangjiu industry. In this study, the Cryprinus carpio intoxication model was used to compare the differences in intoxication effect of alcoholic beverages and to assess the impacts of huangjiu components on intoxication for the first time. Exposure to huangjiu led to the most rapid physical imbalance of C. carpio, followed by red wine and Western liquor. Higher alcohols, biogenic amines and aldehydes could cause physical imbalance of fish by themselves, and synergistic effects were observed when combined with ethanol. 2-Phenylethanoland and isopentanol had the greatest positive effect on huangjiu intoxication, followed by histamine and phenethylamine. No synergistic effect was observed between individual aldehydes and ethanol. Identification of these impactful huangjiu components provides a new perspective on the establishment of more rigorous control on the quality and flavor of huangjiu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Research Center of Chinese Rice Wine, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China; Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute (Rugao Food Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd), Rugao, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuangping Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, China; National Engineering Research Center of Chinese Rice Wine, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China; Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute (Rugao Food Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd), Rugao, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jieqi Mao
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Ziwei Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Mao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, China; National Engineering Research Center of Chinese Rice Wine, Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine CO., LTD, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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15
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Karadayian AG, Lombardi P, Bustamante J, Lores-Arnaiz S. Alcohol hangover effects on brain cortex non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes bioenergetics. Alcohol 2019; 77:113-123. [PMID: 30385200 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover (AH) has been associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. We herein postulate that AH-induced mitochondrial alterations can be due to a different pattern of response in synaptosomes and non-synaptic (NS) mitochondria. Mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of ethanol (3.8 g/kg) or saline and were sacrificed 6 h afterward. Brain cortex NS mitochondria and synaptosomes were isolated by Ficoll gradient. Oxygen consumption rates were measured in NS mitochondria and synaptosomes by high-resolution respirometry. Results showed that NS-synaptic mitochondria from AH animals presented a 26% decrease in malate-glutamate state 3 respiration, a 64% reduction in ATP content, 28-37% decrements in ATP production rates (malate-glutamate or succinate-dependent, respectively), and 44% inhibition in complex IV activity. No changes were observed in mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ) or in UCP-2 expression in NS-mitochondria. Synaptosome respiration driving proton leak (in the presence of oligomycin), and spare respiratory capacity (percentage ratio between maximum and basal respiration) were 30% and 15% increased in hangover condition, respectively. Synaptosomal ATP content was 26% decreased, and ATP production rates were 40-55% decreased (malate-glutamate or succinate-dependent, respectively) in AH mice. In addition, a 24% decrease in ΔΨ and a 21% increase in UCP-2 protein expression were observed in synaptosomes from AH mice. Moreover, mitochondrial respiratory complexes I-III, II-III, and IV activities measured in synaptosomes from AH mice were decreased by 18%, 34%, and 50%, respectively. Results of this study reveal that alterations in bioenergetics status during AH could be mainly due to changes in mitochondrial function at the level of synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paulina Lombardi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juanita Bustamante
- Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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Shyness, alcohol use disorders and ‘hangxiety’: A naturalistic study of social drinkers. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Williams AR, Lattal KM. Rapid reacquisition of contextual fear following extinction in mice: effects of amount of extinction, acute ethanol withdrawal, and ethanol intoxication. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:491-506. [PMID: 30338488 PMCID: PMC6374192 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Many studies have found that ethanol intoxication and withdrawal impair initial acquisition or extinction of learned behaviors. Rapid reconditioning following extinction is a form of post-extinction re-emergence of conditioned behavior that has not been studied for its interaction with ethanol intoxication or withdrawal. OBJECTIVES The goals of this paper were to define the parameters that allow rapid post-extinction reacquisition of fear in mice and investigate the effect of acute ethanol withdrawal and intoxication on acquisition, extinction, and post-extinction reconditioning. METHODS We examined acquisition, extinction, and post-extinction reconditioning of contextual fear in male C57BL/6 mice. Acute ethanol withdrawal occurred 6 h following a 4 g/kg injection of 20% ethanol and acute ethanol intoxication occurred 5 min following a 1.5 g/kg injection of 20% ethanol. RESULTS A weak context-shock pairing caused rapid reacquisition of conditioned freezing following moderate, but not extensive extinction. Acute ethanol intoxication impaired initial conditioning and acute ethanol withdrawal impaired rapid reacquisition after extinction, but not reconditioning or extinction itself. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that rapid reconditioning occurs following moderate but not extensive extinction in C57BL/6J mice. Additionally, acute ethanol withdrawal and intoxication may differentially affect different phases of conditioning. Results are discussed in terms of current ideas about post-extinction behavior and ethanol's effects on memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Williams
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97210, USA
| | - K Matthew Lattal
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97210, USA.
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18
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Carbone S, Ponzo OJ, Gobetto N, Samaniego YA, Reynoso R, Moguilevsky JA, Cutrera RA. Effect of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on the neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction in adult male rats and its relationship to anxiogenic behavior: Participation of GABAergic system. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:25-35. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327118774868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The endocrine disruptor di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is used in a variety of consumer products made with polyvinyl chloride and also in the manufacture of medical devices. DEHP disrupts reproductive tract development in an antiandrogenic manner and also may induce neurobehavioral changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic postnatal exposure to DEHP (30 mg/kg body weight/day, orally from birth to day 60) on the neuroendocrine regulation of the gonadal axis and its impact on the anxiety-like behavior in adult male rats, as well as the probable participation of the GABAergic system in these effects. DEHP produced a significant increase in plasmatic luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone, as well as significant testosterone decrease, accompanied with a decrease in hypothalamic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration. On the other hand, DEHP increased the anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze test, evidenced by a significant decrease in the percentages of time spent in the open arms and the frequency in the open arm entries and a significant increase in the percentage of time spent in closed arms. Neuroendocrine and behavioral effects were reversed by GABA agonists, muscimol (2 mg/kg i.p. ) and baclofen (10 mg/kg i.p.). In conclusion, chronic DEHP postnatal exposure induced a disruption in the neuroendocrine regulation of the testicular axis in young adult male rats, and this effect was correlated with an anxiety-like behavior. Since GABA agonists reversed these effects, the results suggest that GABA could participate in the modulation of reproductive and behavioral DEHP effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carbone
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologí, Departamento de Fisiologí, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Neurobiologí y Ritmos, Instituto de Fisiologí y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO), Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - OJ Ponzo
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologí, Departamento de Fisiologí, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Gobetto
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologí, Departamento de Fisiologí, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - YA Samaniego
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologí, Departamento de Fisiologí, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Reynoso
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologí, Departamento de Fisiologí, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - JA Moguilevsky
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Favaloro. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - RA Cutrera
- Laboratorio de Neurobiologí y Ritmos, Instituto de Fisiologí y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO), Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Asorey LG, Carbone S, Gonzalez BJ, Cutrera RA. Behavioral effects of the combined use of alcohol and energy drinks on alcohol hangover in an experimental mice model. Neurosci Lett 2018; 670:1-7. [PMID: 29355695 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In last few years it has been a significant increase in the consumption of alcohol combined with energy drink. The aim of this work was to study the effect of this mixture in motor and affective behaviors during an alcohol hangover episode. Male Swiss mice received one of the following treatments: saline + sucrose; saline + energy drink; ethanol + sucrose; ethanol + energy drink. Ethanol dose was 3.8 g/kg BW (i.p.) and energy drink dose was 18 ml/kg BW (gavage) at ZT1 (8 am) (ZT: Zeitgeber time; ZT0: 7 am; lights on). The behavioral tests used were tight rope test to determine motor coordination; hanging wire test to study muscular strength; elevated plus maze and open field tests to evaluate anxiety like-behavior and locomotor activity. Tests were carried out at basal point that matched with lights onset and every 6 h up to 18 h after treatments. Hangover onset was established at ZT7 when blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was almost zero. Our results showed that the mixture of alcohol and energy drink altered significantly motor skills. Specifically, a significant decrease was observed in the performance of the animals in the tightrope and hanging wire tests in groups treated with the mixture of alcohol and energy drink. A significant impairment in the anxiety-like behavior was observed mainly at the beginning of alcohol hangover. These findings suggest that energy drink added to alcohol extends motor disabilities observed during an alcohol hangover episode in comparison with animals that received alcohol alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas G Asorey
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Carbone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bárbara J Gonzalez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo A Cutrera
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Lindsay JH, Prosser RA. The Mammalian Circadian Clock Exhibits Chronic Ethanol Tolerance and Withdrawal-Induced Glutamate Hypersensitivity, Accompanied by Changes in Glutamate and TrkB Receptor Proteins. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 42:315-328. [PMID: 29139560 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol tolerance and withdrawal-induced effects are criteria for alcohol use disorders listed by the DSM-V. Although tolerance and withdrawal have been studied over many decades, there is still uncertainty regarding mechanistic distinctions that characterize these different forms of ethanol (EtOH)-induced plasticity. Previously, we demonstrated that the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) circadian clock develops both acute and rapid tolerance to EtOH inhibition of glutamate-induced circadian phase shifts. Here, we demonstrate that chronic EtOH tolerance and withdrawal-induced glutamate hypersensitivity occur in vitro and that rapid tolerance, chronic tolerance, and glutamate hypersensitivity have distinct cellular changes. METHODS We use single-unit extracellular electrophysiological recordings to determine whether chronic tolerance to EtOH inhibition of glutamatergic phase shifts and withdrawal-induced glutamate hypersensitivity develop in the SCN. We use Western blotting to compare phosphorylation state and total expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits and associated proteins in the SCN after mice were exposed to varying EtOH consumption paradigms. RESULTS Chronic tolerance developed after a minimum of 8 days of 4 h/d EtOH access, as indicated by a decreased sensitivity to EtOH inhibition of glutamate-induced phase shifts. We also observed an increased sensitivity to glutamate-induced phase shifts in SCN tissue following withdrawal. We demonstrated an increase in the ratio of NR2B:NR2A NMDA receptor subunit expression after 21 days, but not after 10 days of EtOH drinking. This increase persisted during EtOH withdrawal, along with an increase in NR2B Y1472 phosphorylation, mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and phosphorylated TrkB. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that multiple tolerance forms and withdrawal-induced glutamate hypersensitivity occur in the SCN and that these different forms of EtOH-induced plasticity are accompanied by distinct changes in cellular physiology. Importantly, this study further demonstrates the power of using the SCN as a model system to investigate EtOH-induced plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Lindsay
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology (JHL, RAP), University of Tennessee Knoxville, NeuroNET Research Center, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Rebecca A Prosser
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology (JHL, RAP), University of Tennessee Knoxville, NeuroNET Research Center, Knoxville, Tennessee
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Taurine restores the exploratory behavior following alcohol withdrawal and decreases BDNF mRNA expression in the frontal cortex of chronic alcohol-treated rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 161:6-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Karadayian AG, Malanga G, Czerniczyniec A, Lombardi P, Bustamante J, Lores-Arnaiz S. Free radical production and antioxidant status in brain cortex non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes at alcohol hangover onset. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:692-703. [PMID: 28450149 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover (AH) is the pathophysiological state after a binge-like drinking. We have previously demonstrated that AH induced bioenergetics impairments in a total fresh mitochondrial fraction in brain cortex and cerebellum. The aim of this work was to determine free radical production and antioxidant systems in non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes in control and hangover animals. Superoxide production was not modified in non-synaptic mitochondria while a 17.5% increase was observed in synaptosomes. A similar response was observed for cardiolipin content as no changes were evidenced in non-synaptic mitochondria while a 55% decrease in cardiolipin content was found in synaptosomes. Hydrogen peroxide production was 3-fold increased in non-synaptic mitochondria and 4-fold increased in synaptosomes. In the presence of deprenyl, synaptosomal H2O2 production was 67% decreased in the AH condition. Hydrogen peroxide generation was not affected by deprenyl addition in non-synaptic mitochondria from AH mice. MAO activity was 57% increased in non-synaptic mitochondria and 3-fold increased in synaptosomes. Catalase activity was 40% and 50% decreased in non-synaptic mitochondria and synaptosomes, respectively. Superoxide dismutase was 60% decreased in non-synaptic mitochondria and 80% increased in synaptosomal fractions. On the other hand, GSH (glutathione) content was 43% and 17% decreased in synaptosomes and cytosol. GSH-related enzymes were mostly affected in synaptosomes fractions by AH condition. Acetylcholinesterase activity in synaptosomes was 11% increased due to AH. The present work reveals that AH provokes an imbalance in the cellular redox homeostasis mainly affecting mitochondria present in synaptic terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Malanga
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Czerniczyniec
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paulina Lombardi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juanita Bustamante
- Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Greenberg GD, Phillips TJ, Crabbe JC. Effects of acute alcohol withdrawal on nest building in mice selectively bred for alcohol withdrawal severity. Physiol Behav 2016; 165:257-66. [PMID: 27503811 PMCID: PMC5245172 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nest building has been used to assess thermoregulatory behavior and positive motivational states in mice. There are known genetic influences on ethanol withdrawal severity as well as individual/thermoregulatory nest building. Withdrawal Seizure-Prone (WSP-1, WSP-2) and Withdrawal Seizure-Resistant (WSR-1, WSR-2) mice were selectively bred for high vs low handling-induced convulsion (HIC) severity, respectively, during withdrawal from chronic ethanol vapor inhalation. They also differ in HIC severity during withdrawal from an acute, 4g/kg ethanol injection. In our initial study, withdrawal from an acute dose of ethanol dose-dependently impaired nest building over the initial 24h of withdrawal in genetically segregating Withdrawal Seizure Control (WSC) mice. In two further studies, acute ethanol withdrawal suppressed nest building for up to two days in WSP-1 females. Deficits in nest building from ethanol were limited to the initial 10h of withdrawal in WSR-1 females and to the initial 24h of withdrawal in WSP-1 and WSR-1 males. Effects of ethanol on nest building for up to two days were found in WSP-2 and WSR-2 mice of both sexes. Nest building deficits in female mice from the first replicate could not be explained by a general decrease in locomotor behavior. These results suggest that nest building is a novel behavioral phenotype for indexing the severity of acute ethanol withdrawal, and that genes contributing to this trait differ from those affecting acute withdrawal HIC severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian D Greenberg
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Portland, OR, USA; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Tamara J Phillips
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Portland, OR, USA; Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Portland, OR, USA; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - John C Crabbe
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Portland, OR, USA; Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Portland, OR, USA; VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
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Costa PA, Poli JHZ, Sperotto NDM, Moura DJ, Saffi J, Nin MS, Barros HMT. Brain DNA damage and behavioral changes after repeated intermittent acute ethanol withdrawal by young rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:3623-36. [PMID: 26231496 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcohol addiction causes severe problems, and its deprivation may potentiate symptoms such as anxiety. Furthermore, ethanol is a neurotoxic agent that induces degeneration and the consequences underlying alcohol-mediated brain damage remain unclear. OBJECTIVES This study assessed the behavioral changes during acute ethanol withdrawal periods and determined the levels of DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in multiple brain areas. METHODS Male Wistar rats were subjected to an oral ethanol self-administration procedure with a forced diet where they were offered 8% (v/v) ethanol solution for 21 days followed by five repeated 24-h cycles alternating between ethanol withdrawal and re-exposure. Control animals received an isocaloric control diet without ethanol. Behavioral changes were analyzed on ethanol withdrawal days in the open-field (OF) and elevated plus-maze (EPM) tests within the first 6 h of ethanol deprivation. The pre-frontal cortex, hypothalamus, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum were dissected for alkaline and neutral comet assays and for dichlorofluorescein ROS testing. RESULTS The repeated intermittent ethanol access enhanced solution intake and alcohol-seeking behavior. Decreased exploratory activity was observed in the OF test, and the animals stretched less in the EPM test. DNA single-strand breaks and ROS production were significantly higher in all structures evaluated in the ethanol-treated rats compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS The animal model of repeated intermittent ethanol access induced behavioral changes in rats, and this ethanol exposure model induced an increase in DNA single-strand breaks and ROS production in all brain areas. Our results suggest that these brain damages may influence future behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila A Costa
- Laboratory of Neuropsycopharmacology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Alcohol hangover induces mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical production in mouse cerebellum. Neuroscience 2015; 304:47-59. [PMID: 26192095 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover (AH) is defined as the temporary state after alcohol binge-like drinking, starting when ethanol (EtOH) is absent in plasma. Previous data indicate that AH induces mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical production in mouse brain cortex. The aim of this work was to study mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species production in mouse cerebellum at the onset of AH. Male mice received a single i.p. injection of EtOH (3.8g/kg BW) or saline solution. Mitochondrial function was evaluated 6h after injection (AH onset). At the onset of AH, malate-glutamate and succinate-supported state 4 oxygen uptake was 2.3 and 1.9-fold increased leading to a reduction in respiratory control of 55% and 48% respectively, as compared with controls. Decreases of 38% and 16% were found in Complex I-III and IV activities. Complex II-III activity was not affected by AH. Mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability changes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential and permeability were decreased by AH in cerebellum mitochondria. Together with this, AH induced a 25% increase in superoxide anion and a 92% increase in hydrogen peroxide production in cerebellum mitochondria. Related to nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein expression was 52% decreased by the hangover condition compared with control group. No differences were found in cerebellum NO production between control and treated mice. The present work demonstrates that the physiopathological state of AH involves mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse cerebellum showing the long-lasting effects of acute EtOH exposure in the central nervous system.
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Tipps ME, Raybuck JD, Buck KJ, Lattal KM. Acute ethanol withdrawal impairs contextual learning and enhances cued learning. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:282-90. [PMID: 25684050 PMCID: PMC4331355 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol affects many of the brain regions and neural processes that support learning and memory, and these effects are thought to underlie, at least in part, the development of addiction. Although much work has been done regarding the effects of alcohol intoxication on learning and memory, little is known about the effects of acute withdrawal from a single alcohol exposure. METHODS We assess the effects of acute ethanol withdrawal (6 hours postinjection with 4 g/kg ethanol) on 2 forms of fear conditioning (delay and trace fear conditioning) in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice. The influence of a number of experimental parameters (pre- and post training withdrawal exposure; foreground/background processing; training strength; and nonassociative effects) is also investigated. RESULTS Acute ethanol withdrawal during training had a bidirectional effect on fear-conditioned responses, decreasing contextual responses and increasing cued responses. These effects were apparent for both trace and delay conditioning in DBA/2J mice and for trace conditioning in C57BL/6J mice; however, C57BL/6J mice were selectively resistant to the effects of acute withdrawal on delay cued responses. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that acute withdrawal from a single, initial ethanol exposure is sufficient to alter long-term learning in mice. In addition, the differences between the strains and conditioning paradigms used suggest that specific learning processes can be differentially affected by acute withdrawal in a manner that is distinct from the reported effects of both alcohol intoxication and withdrawal following chronic alcohol exposure. Thus, our results suggest a unique effect of acute alcohol withdrawal on learning and memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Tipps
- Portland Alcohol Research Center; Portland VA Medical Center 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd., Bld 104 Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience; Oregon Health & Science University 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Raybuck
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience; Oregon Health & Science University 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - Kari J. Buck
- Portland Alcohol Research Center; Portland VA Medical Center 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd., Bld 104 Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience; Oregon Health & Science University 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
| | - K. Matthew Lattal
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience; Oregon Health & Science University 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd. Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
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Contreras CM, Rodríguez-Landa JF, García-Ríos RI, Cueto-Escobedo J, Guillen-Ruiz G, Bernal-Morales B. Myristic acid produces anxiolytic-like effects in Wistar rats in the elevated plus maze. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:492141. [PMID: 25328885 PMCID: PMC4189847 DOI: 10.1155/2014/492141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A mixture of eight fatty acids (linoleic, palmitic, stearic, myristic, elaidic, lauric, oleic, and palmitoleic acids) at similar concentrations identified in human amniotic fluid produces anxiolytic-like effects comparable to diazepam in Wistar rats. However, individual effects of each fatty acid remain unexplored. In Wistar rats, we evaluated the separate action of each fatty acid at the corresponding concentrations previously found in human amniotic fluid on anxiety-like behaviour. Individual effects were compared with vehicle, an artificial mixture of the same eight fatty acids, and a reference anxiolytic drug (diazepam, 2 mg/kg). Myristic acid, the fatty acid mixture, and diazepam increased the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and reduced the anxiety index compared with vehicle, without altering general locomotor activity. The other fatty acids had no effect on anxiety-like behaviour, but oleic acid reduced locomotor activity. Additionally, myristic acid produced anxiolytic-like effects only when the concentration corresponded to the one identified in human amniotic fluid (30 μg/mL) but did not alter locomotor activity. We conclude that of the eight fatty acids contained in the fatty acid mixture, only myristic acid produces anxiolytic-like effects when administered individually at a similar concentration detected in human amniotic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Contreras
- Unidad Periférica Xalapa, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Rosa Isela García-Ríos
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Guillen-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
| | - Blandina Bernal-Morales
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida Dr. Luis Castelazo s/n, Colonia Industrial Las Ánimas, 91190 Xalapa, VER, Mexico
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Karadayian AG, Lores-Arnaiz S, Cutrera RA. The effect of constant darkness and circadian resynchronization on the recovery of alcohol hangover. Behav Brain Res 2014; 268:94-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Chen X, Cai F, Guo S, Ding F, He Y, Wu J, Liu C. Protective Effect of Flos Puerariae Extract Following Acute Alcohol Intoxication in Mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:1839-46. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning China
| | - Fei Cai
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning China
| | - Fang Ding
- Xianning Central Hospital; Xianning China
| | - Yi He
- Xianning Central Hospital; Xianning China
| | - Jiliang Wu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Metabolic Disorders; Hubei University of Science and Technology; Xianning China
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Acevedo MB, Nizhnikov ME, Molina JC, Pautassi RM. Relationship between ethanol-induced activity and anxiolysis in the open field, elevated plus maze, light-dark box, and ethanol intake in adolescent rats. Behav Brain Res 2014; 265:203-15. [PMID: 24583190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It is yet unclear if ethanol-induced motor stimulation in the open field (OF) merely reflects psychomotor stimulating effects of the drug or if this stimulation is driven or modulated by ethanol's antianxiety properties. In the present study, adolescent rats were administered with different ethanol doses or remained untreated. They were sequentially assessed in the OF, elevated plus maze (EPM), and light-dark box (LDB) and then assessed for ethanol intake. The aims were to assess the relationship between measures of ethanol-induced activity and anxiolysis, analyze ethanol intake as a function of prior ethanol exposure, and associate behavioral responsiveness in these apparatus with ethanol intake during adolescence. The results suggested that the enhanced exploration of the OF observed after 2.5 and 3.25 g/kg ethanol reflected a motor-stimulating effect that appeared to be relatively independent of anxiolysis. The 1.25 g/kg dose induced motor stimulation in the OF and anti-anxiety effects in the EPM, but these effects were relatively independent. The 0.5 g/kg ethanol dose exerted significant anxiolytic effects in the EPM in the absence of stimulating effects in the OF. A multivariate regression analysis indicated that adolescents with a higher frequency of rearing behavior in the OF, higher percentage of open arm entries in the EPM, and lower propensity to enter the central area of the OF exhibited greater ethanol intake. These results indicate that the OF is a valid procedure for the measurement of ethanol-induced stimulation, and provide information toward characterizing subpopulations of adolescents at risk for initiating alcohol drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Acevedo
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET), Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina.
| | - Michael E Nizhnikov
- Center for Development and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA
| | - Juan C Molina
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET), Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Marcos Pautassi
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M. y M. Ferreyra (INIMEC - CONICET), Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina; Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba C.P. 5000, Argentina
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