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Cheng D, Long J, Zhao L, Liu J. Hydrogen: A Rising Star in Gas Medicine as a Mitochondria-Targeting Nutrient via Activating Keap1-Nrf2 Antioxidant System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2062. [PMID: 38136182 PMCID: PMC10740752 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The gas molecules O2, NO, H2S, CO, and CH4, have been increasingly used for medical purposes. Other than these gas molecules, H2 is the smallest diatomic molecule in nature and has become a rising star in gas medicine in the past few decades. As a non-toxic and easily accessible gas, H2 has shown preventive and therapeutic effects on various diseases of the respiratory, cardiovascular, central nervous system, and other systems, but the mechanisms are still unclear and even controversial, especially the mechanism of H2 as a selective radical scavenger. Mitochondria are the main organelles regulating energy metabolism in living organisms as well as the main organelle of reactive oxygen species' generation and targeting. We propose that the protective role of H2 may be mainly dependent on its unique ability to penetrate every aspect of cells to regulate mitochondrial homeostasis by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 phase II antioxidant system rather than its direct free radical scavenging activity. In this review, we summarize the protective effects and focus on the mechanism of H2 as a mitochondria-targeting nutrient by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 system in different disease models. In addition, we wish to provide a more rational theoretical support for the medical applications of hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Cheng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- Cardiometabolic Innovation Center, Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Kashio A, Yamada C, Yasuhara K, Kamogashira T, Someya S, Yamasoba T. Taurine, Coenzyme Q 10, and Hydrogen Water Prevents Germanium Dioxide-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Associated Sensorineural Hearing Loss in mouse. Hear Res 2023; 428:108678. [PMID: 36577362 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in numerous common diseases as well as aging and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). In the current study, we showed that supplementation with germanium dioxide (GeO2) in CBA/J mice resulted in SNHL due to the degeneration of the stria vascularis and spiral ganglion, which were associated with down-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain associated genes and up-regulation in apoptosis associated genes in the cochlea. Supplementation with taurine, coenzyme Q10, or hydrogen-rich water, attenuated the cochlear degeneration and associated SNHL induced by GeO2. These results suggest that daily supplements or consumption of antioxidants, such as taurine, coenzyme Q10, and hydrogen-rich water, may be a promising intervention to slow SNHL associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Kashio
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Yamada
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yasuhara
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teru Kamogashira
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Someya
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Tian H, Liang Q, Shi Z, Zhao H. Hyperoside Ameliorates Renal Tubular Oxidative Damage and Calcium Oxalate Deposition in Rats through AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Axis. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2023; 2023:5445548. [PMID: 36942317 PMCID: PMC10024623 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5445548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nephrolithiasis is a common disease that seriously affects the health and life quality of patients. Despite the reported effect of hyperoside (Hyp) against nephrolithiasis, the specific mechanism has not been clarified. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the effect and potential mechanism of Hyp on renal injury and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal deposition. Methods Rat and cell models of renal calculi were constructed by ethylene glycol (EG) and CaOx induction, respectively. The renal histopathological damage, CaOx crystal deposition, and renal function damage of rats were assessed by HE staining, Pizzolato staining, and biochemical detection of blood and urine parameters. MTT and crystal-cell adhesion assays were utilized to determine the activity of HK-2 cells and crystal adhesion ability, biochemical detection and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the levels of oxidative stress-related substances and inflammatory factors, and western blot to test the expression levels of proteins related to the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Results Briefly speaking, Hyp could improve the renal histopathological injury and impaired renal function, reduce the deposition of CaOx crystals in the renal tissue of rats with renal calculi, and decrease the adhesion of crystals to CaOx-treated HK-2 cells. Besides, Hyp also significantly inhibited oxidative stress response. Furthermore, Hyp was associated with the downregulation of malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase, and reactive oxygen species and upregulation of superoxide dismutase activity. Additionally, Hyp treatment also suppressed inflammatory response and had a correlation with declined levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor. Further exploration of mechanism manifested that Hyp might play a protective role through promoting AMPK phosphorylation and nuclear translation of Nrf2 to activate the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Conclusion Hyp can improve renal pathological and functional damage, decrease CaOx crystal deposition, and inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Such effects may be achieved by activating the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Tian
- 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Qi Liang
- 2Department of Urology Surgery, Dalinghe Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Zhen Shi
- 2Department of Urology Surgery, Dalinghe Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- 3Department of Hepatobiliary Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
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Ascorbate Is a Primary Antioxidant in Mammals. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196187. [PMID: 36234722 PMCID: PMC9572970 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C in primates) functions as a cofactor for a number of enzymatic reactions represented by prolyl hydroxylases and as an antioxidant due to its ability to donate electrons, which is mostly accomplished through non-enzymatic reaction in mammals. Ascorbate directly reacts with radical species and is converted to ascorbyl radical followed by dehydroascorbate. Ambiguities in physiological relevance of ascorbate observed during in vivo situations could be attributed in part to presence of other redox systems and the pro-oxidant properties of ascorbate. Most mammals are able to synthesize ascorbate from glucose, which is also considered to be an obstacle to verify its action. In addition to animals with natural deficiency in the ascorbate synthesis, such as guinea pigs and ODS rats, three strains of mice with genetic removal of the responsive genes (GULO, RGN, or AKR1A) for the ascorbate synthesis have been established and are being used to investigate the physiological roles of ascorbate. Studies using these mice, along with ascorbate transporter (SVCT)-deficient mice, largely support its ability in protection against oxidative insults. While combined actions of ascorbate in regulating epigenetics and antioxidation appear to effectively prevent cancer development, pharmacological doses of ascorbate and dehydroascorbate may exert tumoricidal activity through redox-dependent mechanisms.
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Pyrrosia petiolosa Extract Ameliorates Ethylene Glycol-Induced Urolithiasis in Rats by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1913067. [PMID: 35968503 PMCID: PMC9374559 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1913067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Pyrrosia petiolosa (P. petiolosa) extract on ethylene glycol- (EG-) induced urolithiasis in rats. Methods Thirty SD male rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): control group, EG group, and P. petiolosa group (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg group, and 100 mg/kg). Biochemical testing was adopted for measuring the blood and urine parameters, as well as the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) in kidney tissues. HE staining and ELISA were utilized to observe the histopathological changes and detect the level of IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in the kidney tissue, respectively. And western blot was performed for checking NOX2, NOX4, TGF-β1, p-Smad3, Smad3, p-Smad2, and Smad2 protein expression level in kidney tissues. Results EG could significantly increase the level of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and Na in serum and 24-hour urinary protein, oxalate, uric acid, creatinine, calcium, and phosphorus in urine and decreased the urine volume in rats. Whereas P. petiolosa extract was able to greatly decrease the level of related parameters in serum and urine in a dose-dependent manner, but did not affect the urine pH. In addition, P. petiolosa extract notably ameliorated EG-induced renal tissue injury. Compared with the EG group, P. petiolosa extract markedly raised the level of SOD and GSH and decreased the MDA level and the expression of NOX2 and NOX4 in the kidney tissue. Moreover, P. petiolosa extract also lowered the level of IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α in EG-stimulated kidney tissue and inhibited the protein level of EG-induced TGF-β1, p-Smad3, and p-Smad2 in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion P. petiolosa extract can improve EG-induced urolithiasis in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and the activation of TGF-β pathway.
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Fujii J. Ascorbate is a multifunctional micronutrient whose synthesis is lacking in primates. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:1-15. [PMID: 34376908 PMCID: PMC8325764 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is an essential micronutrient in primates, and exhibits multiple physiological functions. In addition to antioxidative action, ascorbate provides reducing power to α-ketoglutarate-dependent non-heme iron dioxygenases, such as prolyl hydroxylases. Demethylation of histones and DNA with the aid of ascorbate results in the reactivation of epigenetically silenced genes. Ascorbate and its oxidized form, dehydroascorbate, have attracted interest in terms of their roles in cancer therapy. The last step in the biosynthesis of ascorbate is catalyzed by l-gulono-γ-lactone oxidase whose gene Gulo is commonly mutated in all animals that do not synthesize ascorbate. One common explanation for this deficiency is based on the increased availability of ascorbate from foods. In fact, pathways for ascorbate synthesis and the detoxification of xenobiotics by glucuronate conjugation share the metabolic processes up to UDP-glucuronate, which prompts another hypothesis, namely, that ascorbate-incompetent animals might have developed stronger detoxification systems in return for their lack of ability to produce ascorbate, which would allow them to cope with their situation. Here, we overview recent advances in ascorbate research and propose that an enhanced glucuronate conjugation reaction may have applied positive selection pressure on ascorbate-incompetent animals, thus allowing them to dominate the animal kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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Bajgai J, Lee KJ, Rahman MH, Fadriquela A, Kim CS. Role of Molecular Hydrogen in Skin Diseases and its Impact in Beauty. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:737-746. [PMID: 32981497 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200925124235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In today's society, healthy skin and a beautiful appearance are considered the foundation of general well-being. The skin is the largest organ of the body and plays an important role in protecting it against various hazards such as environmental, physical, chemical, and biological hazards. These factors include mediators that lead to oxidation reactions that produce reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and additional oxidants in the skin cells. An increase in oxidants beyond the antioxidant capacity of its defense system causes oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in the body. This response can cause further disruption of collagen fibers and hinder the functioning of skin cells that may result in the development of various skin diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and aging. In this review, we summarized the present information related to the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of dermatological disorders, and its impact on physical beauty and the daily lives of patients. We also discussed how molecular hydrogen exhibits a therapeutic effect against skin diseases via its effects on oxidative stress. Furthermore, findings from this summary review indicate that molecular hydrogen might be an effective treatment modality for the prevention and treatment of skin-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johny Bajgai
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do26426, Korea
| | - Kyu-Jae Lee
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do26426, Korea
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do26426, Korea
| | - Ailyn Fadriquela
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do26426, Korea
| | - Cheol-Su Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do26426, Korea
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Ohsawa I. Biological Responses to Hydrogen Molecule and its Preventive Effects on Inflammatory Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:659-666. [PMID: 32981496 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200925123510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Because multicellular organisms do not have hydrogenase, H2 has been considered to be biologically inactive in these species, and enterobacteria to be largely responsible for the oxidation of H2 taken into the body. However, we showed previously that inhalation of H2 markedly suppresses brain injury induced by focal ischemia-reperfusion by buffering oxidative stress. Although the reaction constant of H2 with hydroxyl radical in aqueous solution is two to three orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional antioxidants, we showed that hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction reacts with H2 at room temperature without a catalyst. Suppression of hydroxyl radical by H2 has been applied in ophthalmic surgery. However, many of the anti- inflammatory and other therapeutic effects of H2 cannot be completely explained by its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species. H2 administration is protective in several disease models, and preculture in the presence of H2 suppresses oxidative stress-induced cell death. Specifically, H2 administration induces mitochondrial oxidative stress and activates Nrf2; this phenomenon, in which mild mitochondrial stress leaves the cell less susceptible to subsequent perturbations, is called mitohormesis. Based on these findings, we conclude that crosstalk between antioxidative stress pathways and the anti-inflammatory response is the most important molecular mechanism involved in the protective function of H2, and that regulation of the immune system underlies H2 efficacy. For further medical applications of H2, it will be necessary to identify the biomolecule on which H2 first acts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Zhang Z, Sun X, Wang K, Yu Y, Zhang L, Zhang K, Gu J, Yuan X, Song G. Hydrogen-saturated saline mediated neuroprotection through autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in early and medium stages of rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease rats. Brain Res Bull 2021; 172:1-13. [PMID: 33838212 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Some cardiovascular symptoms in the early stage of Parkinson's disease (PD) were related to degeneration of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) catecholaminergic neurons. To date, little is known about the effects of hydrogen water on early stage of PD. Here, protective actions of hydrogen-saturated saline (HS) on rotenone-induced PD rats, as well as its underlying mechanisms were investigated. HS was used to treat PD rats at three general stages; early, medium and late, which were represented by rotenone induced rats for 0, 7 and 14 days. HS treatment significantly alleviated the cardiovascular and motor symptoms in rotenone-induced PD rats, improved the survival number of RVLM catecholaminergic neurons and nigral dopamine neurons only in early and medium stages of PD rats. Decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alpha-synuclein (α-Syn), transformation of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-I/II and degradation of sequestosome 1 (p62) were detected, as well as increased expression level of autophagy related protein 5 (ATG5) and B-cell lymphoma-2 interacting protein 1 (Beclin-1) in the RVLM and substantia nigra (SN) after HS treatment in early and medium stages of PD rats. In addition, phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian rapamycin target protein (mTOR) decreased after HS treatment in early and medium stages of PD rats. The results suggested that HS treatment exerted beneficial effects in early and medium stages before motor impairments emerged but not in the late stage of rotenone-induced PD rats. It exerted neuroprotection with RVLM catecholaminergic neurons and nigral dopamine neurons, mediated in part by decreasing levels of ROS and α-Syn through increasing autophagy machinery which were partly via inhibiting PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Postdoctoral Workstation, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Life Science Research Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Electrocardiogram, Taian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Keping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Jinglongfei Gu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Xiaofan Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Guohua Song
- Life Science Research Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, China.
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Redox Effects of Molecular Hydrogen and Its Therapeutic Efficacy in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammatory stress affect many neurological disorders. Despite the clinical significance of oxidative damage in neurological disorders, still, no effective and safe treatment methods for neuro diseases are available. With this, molecular hydrogen (H2) has been recently reported as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent to treat several oxidative stress-related diseases. In animal and human clinical trials, the routes for H2 administration are mainly categorized into three types: H2 gas inhalation, H2 water dissolving, and H2-dissolved saline injection. This review explores some significant progress in research on H2 use in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, neonatal disorders of the brain, and other NDs (retinal ischemia and traumatic brain injury). Even though most neurological problems are not currently curable, these studies have shown the therapeutic potential for prevention, treatment, and mitigation of H2 administration. Several possible H2-effectors, including cell signaling molecules and hormones, which prevent OS and inflammation, will also be addressed. However, more clinical and other related studies are required to evaluate the direct H2 target molecule.
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Lin HY, Lai PC, Chen WL. A narrative review of hydrogen-oxygen mixture for medical purpose and the inhaler thereof. Med Gas Res 2021; 10:193-200. [PMID: 33380588 PMCID: PMC8092144 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.295226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent development regarding mixture of H2 (concentration of ~66%) with O2 (concentration of ~34%) for medical purpose, such as treatment of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients, is introduced. Furthermore, the design principles of a hydrogen inhaler which generates mixture of hydrogen (~66%) with oxygen (~34%) for medical purpose are proposed. With the installation of the liquid blocking module and flame arresters, the air pathway of the hydrogen inhaler is divided by multiple isolation zones to prevent any unexpected explosion propagating from one zone to the other. An integrated filtering/cycling module is utilized to purify the impurity, and cool down the temperature of the electrolytic module to reduce the risk of the explosion. Moreover, a nebulizer is provided to selectively atomize the water into vapor which is then mixed with the filtered hydrogen-oxygen mix gas, such that the static electricity of a substance hardly occurs to reduce the risk of the explosion. Furthermore, hydrogen concentration detector is installed to reduce the risk of hydrogen leakage. Result shows that the hydrogen inhaler implementing the aforesaid design rules could effectively inhibit the explosion, even ignition at the outset of the hydrogen inhaler which outputs hydrogen-oxygen gas (approximately 66% hydrogen: 34% oxygen).
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Homma T, Takeda Y, Nakano T, Akatsuka S, Kinoshita D, Kurahashi T, Saitoh S, Yamada KI, Miyata S, Asao H, Goto K, Watanabe T, Watanabe M, Toyokuni S, Fujii J. Defective biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in Sod1-deficient mice results in lethal damage to lung tissue. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:255-265. [PMID: 33096250 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) plays pivotal roles in antioxidation via accelerating the conversion of superoxide anion radicals into hydrogen peroxide, thus inhibiting the subsequent radical chain reactions. While Sod1 deficient cells inevitably undergo death in culture conditions, Sod1-knockout (KO) mice show relatively mild phenotypes and live approximately two years. We hypothesized that the presence of abundant levels of ascorbic acid (AsA), which is naturally produced in mice, contributes to the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Sod1-KO mice. To verify this hypothesis, we employed mice with a genetic ablation of aldehyde reductase (Akr1a), an enzyme that is involved in the biosynthesis of AsA, and established double knockout (DKO) mice that lack both Sod1 and Akr1a. Supplementation of AsA (1.5 mg/ml in drinking water) was required for the DKO mice to breed, and, upon terminating the AsA supplementation, they died within approximately two weeks regardless of age or gender. We explored the etiology of the death from pathophysiological standpoints in principal organs of the mice. Marked changes were observed in the lungs in the form of macroscopic damage after the AsA withdrawal. Histological and immunological analyses of the lungs indicated oxidative damage of tissue and activated immune responses. Thus, preferential oxidative injury that occurred in pulmonary tissues appeared to be primary cause of the death in the mice. These collective results suggest that the pivotal function of AsA in coping with ROS in vivo, is largely in pulmonary tissues that are exposed to a hyperoxygenic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Yuji Takeda
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakano
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shinya Akatsuka
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kinoshita
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kurahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Shinichi Saitoh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Miyata Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, 5-17-21 Fukushima, Fukushima-ku, Osaka, 553-0003, Japan
| | - Hironobu Asao
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kaoru Goto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
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Kurihara K, Homma T, Kobayashi S, Shichiri M, Fujiwara H, Fujii S, Yamada KI, Nakane M, Kawamae K, Fujii J. Ascorbic acid insufficiency impairs spatial memory formation in juvenile AKR1A-knockout mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019; 65:209-216. [PMID: 31777422 PMCID: PMC6877411 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AKR1A, an aldo-keto reductase, is involved in the synthesis of ascorbic acid as well as the reduction of a variety of aldehyde compounds. AKR1A−/− mice produce considerably less ascorbic acid (about 10%) compared to AKR1A+/+ mice and require ascorbic acid supplementation in order to breed. To elucidate the roles played by AKR1A in spatial memory, AKR1A−/− male mice were weaned at 4 weeks of age and groups that received ascorbic acid supplementation and no supplementation were subjected to a Morris water maze test. Juvenile AKR1A−/− mice that received no supplementation showed impaired spatial memory formation, even though about 70% of the ascorbic acid remained in the brains of the AKR1A−/− mice at day 7 after weaning. To the contrary, the young adult AKR1A−/− mice at 13–15 weeks of age maintained only 15% of ascorbic acid but showed no significant difference in the spatial memory compared with the AKR1A+/+ mice or ascorbic acid-supplemented AKR1A−/− mice. It is conceivable that juvenile mice require more ascorbic acid for the appropriate level of formation of spatial memory and that maturation of the neural system renders the memory forming process less sensitive to an ascorbic acid insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kurihara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Sho Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fujiwara
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakane
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kaneyuki Kawamae
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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14
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LeBaron TW, Kura B, Kalocayova B, Tribulova N, Slezak J. A New Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. Molecular Hydrogen Significantly Reduces the Effects of Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112076. [PMID: 31159153 PMCID: PMC6600250 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Redox dysregulation and a dyshomeostasis of inflammation arise from, and result in, cellular aberrations and pathological conditions, which lead to cardiovascular diseases. Despite years of intensive research, there is still no safe and effective method for their prevention and treatment. Recently, molecular hydrogen has been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies on various diseases associated with oxidative and inflammatory stress such as radiation-induced heart disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial and brain infarction, storage of the heart, heart transplantation, etc. Hydrogen is primarily administered via inhalation, drinking hydrogen-rich water, or injection of hydrogen-rich saline. It favorably modulates signal transduction and gene expression resulting in suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, excess ROS production, and in the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant transcription factor. Although H2 appears to be an important biological molecule with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, the exact mechanisms of action remain elusive. There is no reported clinical toxicity; however, some data suggests that H2 has a mild hormetic-like effect, which likely mediate some of its benefits. The mechanistic data, coupled with the pre-clinical and clinical studies, suggest that H2 may be useful for ROS/inflammation-induced cardiotoxicity and other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W LeBaron
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 841 04, Slovak Republic.
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch City, UT, 847 21, USA.
| | - Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 841 04, Slovak Republic.
| | - Barbora Kalocayova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 841 04, Slovak Republic.
| | - Narcis Tribulova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 841 04, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jan Slezak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 841 04, Slovak Republic.
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15
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LeBaron TW, Laher I, Kura B, Slezak J. Hydrogen gas: from clinical medicine to an emerging ergogenic molecule for sports athletes 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:797-807. [PMID: 30970215 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
H2 has been clinically demonstrated to provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which makes it an attractive agent in exercise medicine. Although exercise provides a multiplicity of benefits including decreased risk of disease, it can also have detrimental effects. For example, chronic high-intensity exercise in elite athletes, or sporadic bouts of exercise (i.e., noxious exercise) in untrained individuals, result in similar pathological factors such as inflammation, oxidation, and cellular damage that arise from and result in disease. Paradoxically, exercise-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species largely mediate the benefits of exercise. Ingestion of conventional antioxidants and anti-inflammatories often impairs exercise-induced training adaptations. Disease and noxious forms of exercise promote redox dysregulation and chronic inflammation, changes that are mitigated by H2 administration. Beneficial exercise and H2 administration promote cytoprotective hormesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, ATP production, increased NAD+/NADH ratio, cytoprotective phase II enzymes, heat-shock proteins, sirtuins, etc. We review the biomedical effects of exercise and those of H2, and we propose that hydrogen may act as an exercise mimetic and redox adaptogen, potentiate the benefits from beneficial exercise, and reduce the harm from noxious exercise. However, more research is warranted to elucidate the potential ergogenic and therapeutic effects of H2 in exercise medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W LeBaron
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Utah, USA.,Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, 217 - 2176 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Slezak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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16
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Fang S, Li X, Wei X, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Wei Y, Wang W. Beneficial effects of hydrogen gas inhalation on a murine model of allergic rhinitis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:5178-5184. [PMID: 30542474 PMCID: PMC6257674 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory condition. It has been previously indicated that oxidative stress may contribute to allergic inflammation, including AR. Although molecular hydrogen (H2), an antioxidative agent, has been effective in treatment of numerous oxidative stress-associated diseases, the effect of inhalation of a high concentration of H2 on AR remains unknown. In the current study, female BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) followed by intranasal OVA challenge to establish an animal model of AR. Mice were subjected to exposure to H2 and the inert gas helium at different frequencies and durations. The frequencies of sneezing/scratching and the body weights of mice were recorded. Histological analysis and multiplex cytokine assays were performed to evaluate the effects of H2 on AR. Challenge with OVA induced significant nasal mucosa inflammation. H2 inhalation reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into mucosa and lowered the levels of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in serum. H2 inhalation slightly increased the level of interferon-γ, however the difference was not statistically significant. Treatment with H2 limited the weight increase in healthy mice and reversed the weight loss in mice with AR. Furthermore, H2 inhalation induced a therapeutic effect on AR in a dose-dependent manner. The current results demonstrate that H2 may demonstrate a therapeutic value for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjian Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xinqian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Youzhen Wei
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of The Ministry of Education of China, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
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17
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Liu S, Oshita S, Thuyet DQ, Saito M, Yoshimoto T. Antioxidant Activity of Hydrogen Nanobubbles in Water with Different Reactive Oxygen Species both in Vivo and in Vitro. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11878-11885. [PMID: 30189133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen water as a new therapeutic antioxidant has been widely used in living organisms under stress. In this study, we applied nanobubble (NB) technology to hydrogen water. The antioxidant capacity of hydrogen NB water was studied with respect to different reactive oxygen species (ROS) both in vitro and in vivo. Using a relatively weak reduced dye, APF, we showed that hydrogen NB water can effectively remove three cytotoxic ROS, •OH, ClO-, and ONOO-, from water. Hydrogen NB water could also remove O2•-, which is a physiologically important ROS, from water. However, hydrogen water could not reduce other physiologically important ROS such as H2O2 and NO. At similar dissolved hydrogen concentrations, hydrogen NB water displayed higher antioxidant activity than hydrogen water without NB. Barley seed germination tests were used to study the antioxidant effect of hydrogen NB water on ROS generation in vivo. Our results showed that this decreased the physiological activity of barley seeds in their normal homeostatic state. Hydrogen NB water eliminated endogenous O2•- in seeds and inhibited germination. The usage of hydrogen NB water should be individually considered according to the types of cells involved. Our results offer basic data concerning the application of hydrogen NB water in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , China
- Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Yayoi 1-1-1 , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan
| | - Seiichi Oshita
- Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Yayoi 1-1-1 , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan
| | - Dang Quoc Thuyet
- Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Yayoi 1-1-1 , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan
| | - Masanao Saito
- Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Yayoi 1-1-1 , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan
| | - Takahiko Yoshimoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Yayoi 1-1-1 , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan
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18
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Bin-Jaliah I, Sakr HF. Melatonin ameliorates brain oxidative stress and upregulates senescence marker protein-30 and osteopontin in a rat model of vascular dementia. Physiol Int 2018; 105:38-52. [PMID: 29602294 DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on oxidative stress and senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) as well as osteopontin (OPN) expression in the hippocampus of rats subjected to vascular dementia (VD). A total of 72 male rats were divided into six groups (n = 12 each) as follows: (i) untreated control (CON), (ii) sham-operated group, (iii) sham-operated + melatonin, (iv) rats exposed to VD induced by permanent bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (BCCAO) leading to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, (v) rats exposed to VD + melatonin, and (vi) rats exposed to VD + donepezil (DON). At the end of experiment, the hippocampal levels of acetylcholine (ACh), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (Dop) were measured. Expression of OPN was determined using immunohistochemistry, and SMP30 expression was determined using real-time PCR in the hippocampus. Hippocampal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were evaluated. The BCCAO group showed significantly decreased TAC (p < 0.05) and significantly increased in TBARS levels compared with the CON group. In addition, BCCAO significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the expression of both OPN and SMP30 and the levels of ACh, NE, and Dop in the hippocampus compared with CON treatment. Treatment with melatonin significantly increased OPN and SMP30 expression and ACh, NE, and Dop levels in the hippocampus with amelioration of the oxidative stress compared with BCCAO rats. Melatonin might produce a neuroprotective effect through its antioxidant action and by increasing the expression of SMP30 and OPN that is not comparable with that of DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bin-Jaliah
- 1 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University , Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - H F Sakr
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Physiology, Mansoura University , Mansoura, Egypt.,3 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Physiology, Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat, Oman
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19
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Yang Y, Zhu Y, Xi X. Anti-inflammatory and antitumor action of hydrogen via reactive oxygen species. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2771-2776. [PMID: 30127861 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) has advantages that lead it to be used as a novel antioxidant in preventive and therapeutic applications. H2 can permeate into biomembranes, cytosol, mitochondria and nuclei, and can be dissolved in water or saline to produce H2 water or H2-rich saline. H2 selectively reduces oxidants of the detrimental reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), which serve a causative role in the promotion of tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, but do not disturb metabolic oxidation-reduction reactions in cell signaling. Compared with traditional antioxidants, H2 is a small molecule that can easily dissipate throughout the body and cells; thus, it may be a safe and effective antioxidant for inflammatory diseases and cancer, since ROS usually initiates tumor progression. Treatment with H2 may involve correction of the oxidative/anti-oxidative imbalance and suppression of inflammatory mediators. Therefore the present review will discuss the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic action of H2 via ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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20
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Hydrogen Water Drinking Exerts Antifatigue Effects in Chronic Forced Swimming Mice via Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2571269. [PMID: 29850492 PMCID: PMC5932502 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2571269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study was performed to evaluate antifatigue effect of hydrogen water (HW) drinking in chronic forced exercise mice model. Materials and Methods Twelve-week-old C57BL6 female mice were divided into nonstressed normal control (NC) group and stressed group: (purified water/PW-treated group and HW-treated group). Stressed groups were supplied with PW and HW, respectively, ad libitum and forced to swim for the stress induction every day for 4 consecutive weeks. Gross antifatigue effects of HW were assessed by swimming endurance capacity (once weekly for 4 wk), metabolic activities, and immune-redox activities. Metabolic activities such as blood glucose, lactate, glycogen, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as immune-redox activities such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, and the related cytokines were evaluated to elucidate underlying mechanism. Blood glucose and lactate were measured at 0 wk (before swimming) and 4 wk (after swimming). Results HW group showed a higher swimming endurance capacity (p < 0.001) than NC and PW groups. Positive metabolic effects in HW group were revealed by the significant reduction of blood glucose, lactate, and BUN in serum after 4 wk (p < 0.01, resp.), as well as the significant increase of liver glycogen (p < 0.001) and serum LDH (p < 0.05) than PW group. In parallel, redox balance was represented by lower NO in serum (p < 0.01) and increased level of GPx in both serum and liver (p < 0.05) than PW group. In line, the decreased levels of serum TNF-α (p < 0.01), IL-6, IL-17, and liver IL-1β (p < 0.05) in HW group revealed positive cytokine profile compared to PW and NC group. Conclusion This study shows antifatigue effects of HW drinking in chronic forced swimming mice via metabolic coordination and immune-redox balance. In that context, drinking HW could be applied to the alternative and safety fluid remedy for chronic fatigue control.
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21
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Preadministration of Hydrogen-Rich Water Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis and Attenuates Liver Injury. Shock 2018; 48:85-93. [PMID: 27918369 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in antibiotic therapy and intensive care, sepsis remains the most common cause of death in intensive care units. We previously reported that molecular hydrogen (H2) acts as a therapeutic and preventive antioxidant. Here, we show that preadministration of H2-dissolved water (HW) suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxin shock in mice. Drinking HW for 3 days before LPS injection prolonged survival in a mouse model of sepsis. The H2 concentration immediately increased in the liver but not in the kidney after drinking HW. The protective effects of the preadministration of HW on LPS-induced liver injury were examined. Twenty-four hours after LPS injection, preadministration of HW reduced the increase in both apoptosis and oxidative stress. Moreover, preadministration of HW enhanced LPS-induced expression of heme oxyganase-1 and reduced endothelin-1 expression. These results indicate the therapeutic potential of HW in preventing acute injury of the liver with attenuation of an increase in oxidative stress. HW is likely to trigger adaptive responses against oxidative stress.
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22
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Pillai H, Parmar MS, Shende AM, Thomas J, Sharma HS, Sharma G T, Ghosh SK, Kumaresan A, Bhure SK. Effect of supplementation of recombinant Regucalcin in extender on cryopreservation of spermatozoa of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis
). Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:1133-1139. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Pillai
- Division of Biochemistry; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Mehtab S. Parmar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ashish M. Shende
- Division of Biochemistry; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Jobin Thomas
- Immunology Section; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Harikumar S. Sharma
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Taru Sharma G
- Division of Physiology and Climatology; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Subrata K. Ghosh
- Germ Plasm Center, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Animal Reproduction; Gynaecology and Obstetrics; ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute; Karnal Haryana
| | - Sanjeev K. Bhure
- Division of Biochemistry; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
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23
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He Y, Zhang B, Chen Y, Jin Q, Wu J, Yan F, Zheng H. Image-Guided Hydrogen Gas Delivery for Protection from Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Microbubbles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21190-21199. [PMID: 28557412 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte death induced by ischemia-reperfusion is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hydrogen (H2), as an antioxidant, has been shown to have great potential in preventive and therapeutic applications against lethal injury that occurs from ischemia-reperfusion. However, H2 is sparingly soluble in water, resulting in its poor bioavailability in blood and damaged tissues. Here, we have developed an ultrasound-visible H2 delivery system by loading H2 inside microbubbles (H2-MBs) to prevent myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Using this system, the concentration of H2 in unit volume can be greatly improved under normal temperature and pressure conditions. H2-MBs can be visually tracked with ultrasound imaging systems and can effectively release their therapeutic gas. In vivo systemic delivery of H2-MBs in myocardial ischemic rats at the start of reperfusion resulted in a significant reduction of infarct size and pathological remodeling. Further analysis showed that this approach markedly inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduced myocardial inflammation and oxidant damage in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion rats. These results indicate that H2-MBs are a promising visual delivery system for H2-based therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjuan He
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Echocardiography, Shanghai Eastern Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University , Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yihan Chen
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Qiaofeng Jin
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Physics, University of Vermont , Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Fei Yan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510500, China
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24
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Murakami Y, Ito M, Ohsawa I. Molecular hydrogen protects against oxidative stress-induced SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell death through the process of mitohormesis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176992. [PMID: 28467497 PMCID: PMC5415102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of molecular hydrogen (H2) gas ameliorates oxidative stress-induced acute injuries in the brain. Consumption of water nearly saturated with H2 also prevents chronic neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease in animal and clinical studies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the remarkable effect of a small amount of H2 remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of H2 on mitochondria in cultured human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. H2 increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and the cellular ATP level, which were accompanied by a decrease in the reduced glutathione level and an increase in the superoxide level. Pretreatment with H2 suppressed H2O2-induced cell death, whereas post-treatment did not. Increases in the expression of anti-oxidative enzymes underlying the Nrf2 pathway in H2-treated cells indicated that mild stress caused by H2 induced increased resistance to exacerbated oxidative stress. We propose that H2 functions both as a radical scavenger and a mitohormetic effector against oxidative stress in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Murakami
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Wen D, Zhao P, Hui R, Wang J, Shen Q, Gong M, Guo H, Cong B, Ma C. Hydrogen-rich saline attenuates anxiety-like behaviors in morphine-withdrawn mice. Neuropharmacology 2017; 118:199-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Iketani M, Ohsawa I. Molecular Hydrogen as a Neuroprotective Agent. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:324-331. [PMID: 27281176 PMCID: PMC5412697 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160607205417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation cause many neurological disorders. Recently, it has been reported that molecular hydrogen (H2) functions as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. The routes of H2 administration in animal model and human clinical studies are roughly classified into three types, inhalation of H2 gas, drinking H2-dissolved water, and injection of H2-dissolved saline. This review discusses some of the remarkable progress that has been made in the research of H2 use for neurological disorders, such as cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and neonatal brain disorders. Although most neurological disorders are currently incurable, these studies suggest the clinical potential of H2 administration for their prevention, treatment, and mitigation. Several of the potential effectors of H2 will also be discussed, including cell signaling molecules and hormones that are responsible for preventing oxidative stress and inflammation. Nevertheless, further investigation will be required to determine the direct target molecule of H2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ikuroh Ohsawa
- Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Sato Y, Uchida E, Aoki H, Hanamura T, Nagamine K, Kato H, Koizumi T, Ishigami A. Acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) Juice Intake Suppresses UVB-Induced Skin Pigmentation in SMP30/GNL Knockout Hairless Mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170438. [PMID: 28114343 PMCID: PMC5256894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) is a fruit that is known to contain high amounts of ascorbic acid (AA) and various phytochemicals. We have previously reported that AA deficiency leads to ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin pigmentation in senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) hairless mice. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of acerola juice (AJ) intake on the skin of UVB-irradiated SMP30/GNL KO mice. RESEARCH DESIGN/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Five-week old hairless mice were given drinking water containing physiologically sufficient AA (1.5 g/L) [AA (+)], no AA [AA (-)] or 1.67% acerola juice [AJ]. All mice were exposed to UVB irradiation for 6 weeks. UVB irradiation was performed three times per week. The dorsal skin color and stratum corneum water content were measured every weekly, and finally, the AA contents of the skin was determined. The skin AA and stratum corneum water content was similar between the AA (+) and AJ groups. The L* value of the AA (+) group was significantly decreased by UVB irradiation, whereas AJ intake suppressed the decrease in the L* value throughout the experiment. Moreover, in the AJ group, there was a significant decrease in the expression level of dopachrome tautomerase, an enzyme that is involved in melanin biosynthesis. CONCLUSION These results indicate that AJ intake is effective in suppressing UVB-induced skin pigmentation by inhibiting melanogenesis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Sato
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Uchida
- Corporate Science Research Division, Nichirei Corporation, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Aoki
- Research and Development Division, Nichirei Foods Corporation, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hanamura
- Research and Development Division, Nichirei Foods Corporation, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nagamine
- Research and Development Division, Research and Development Center, Nichirei Bioscience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Corporate Sponsored Research Program 'Food for Life', The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Koizumi
- Corporate Science Research Division, Nichirei Corporation, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhai X, Chen X, Lu J, Zhang Y, Sun X, Huang Q, Wang Q. Hydrogen-rich saline improves non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease by alleviating oxidative stress and activating hepatic PPARα and PPARγ. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1305-1312. [PMID: 28098910 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a range of liver diseases, between steatosis and non‑alcoholic steatohepatitis and liver cirrhosis, which are closely associated with diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have indicated that oxidative stress is a key factor in the development of NAFLD. Molecular hydrogen (H2) may ameliorate oxidative stress injuries by selectively neutralizing peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radicals. The present study evaluated the effects of H2 on NAFLD in rats and concluded that H2‑rich saline had significant therapeutic effects on NAFLD induced by hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, as demonstrated by hematoxylin and eosin and terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase‑mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining. H2‑rich saline improved fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and lowered the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin‑1 beta, 3‑nitrotyrosine and 8‑hydroxy‑2'‑deoxyguanosine in the liver. In addition, the present study revealed that H2‑rich saline could significantly increase peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor (PPAR) α and PPARγ expression in hepatocytes. In conclusion, H2‑rich saline may significantly improve NAFLD, possibly by reducing oxidative stress and activating hepatic PPARα and PPARγ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhai
- Graduate Management Unit, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Jiancan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Qijin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Kondo Y, Ishigami A. Involvement of senescence marker protein-30 in glucose metabolism disorder and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 16 Suppl 1:4-16. [PMID: 27018279 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) was found to decrease in the liver, kidneys and lungs of mice during aging. SMP30 is a pleiotropic protein that acts to protect cells from apoptosis by enhancing plasma membrane Ca(2+) -pump activity and is bona fide gluconolactonase (EC 3.1.1.17) that participates in the penultimate step of the vitamin C biosynthetic pathway. For the past several years, we have obtained strong evidence showing the close relationship between SMP30, glucose metabolism disorder and non-alchoholic fatty liver disease in experiments with SMP30 knockout mice. Emerging proof links the following abnormalities: (i) the reduction of SMP30 by aging and/or excessive dietary fat or genetic deficiency causes a loss of Ca(2+) pumping activity, which impairs acute insulin release in pancreatic β-cells, initiates inflammatory responses with oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in non-alchoholic steatohepatitis, exacerbates renal tubule damage, and introduces tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy; (ii) vitamin C insufficiency also impairs acute insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells by a mechanism distinct from that of the SMP30 deficiency; and (iii) the increased oxidative stress by concomitant deficiencies of SMP30, superoxide dismutase 1 and vitamin C similarly causes hepatic steatosis. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of SMP30 in glucose metabolism disorder and non-alchoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Kondo
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Nishijima K, Ohno T, Amano A, Kishimoto Y, Kondo Y, Ishigami A, Tanaka S. Bone Degeneration and Its Recovery in SMP30/GNL-Knockout Mice. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:573-578. [PMID: 28448089 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) decreases androgen-independently with aging and is a lactone-hydrolyzing enzyme gluconolactonase (GNL) that is involved in vitamin C biosynthesis. In the present study, bone properties of SMP30/GNL knockout (KO) mice with deficiency in vitamin C synthesis were investigated to reveal the effects of SMP30/GNL and exogenous vitamin C supplementation on bone formation. Mineral content (BMC) and mineral density (BMD) of the mandible and femur of SMP30/GNL KO and wild-type mice at 2 and 3 months of age with or without vitamin C supplementation were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Body and bone weight of both age groups decreased and became significantly lower than those of wild-type mice. The bones of SMP30/GNL KO mice were rough and porous, with BMC and BMD significantly below wild-type. Oral supplementation with vitamin C eliminated differences in body weight, bone weight, BMC, and BMD between SMP30/GNL KO and wild-type mice at each age. These results indicate that bone degeneration in SMP30/GNL KO mice was caused by lack of vitamin C, and that this mouse strain is an appropriate model for bone metabolism in humans, which have no ability to synthesize vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishijima
- Kazutoshi Nishijima, Animal Research Laboratory, Bioscience Education-Research Center, Akita University, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 101-8543, Japan, E-mail:
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The protective effect of regucalcin against radiation-induced damage in testicular cells. Life Sci 2016; 164:31-41. [PMID: 27620963 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Regucalcin (RGN), a protein broadly expressed in the male reproductive tract, has shown to have beneficial effects on spermatogenesis suppressing chemical-induced apoptosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether RGN overexpression ameliorates the spermatogenic phenotype after radiation treatment. MAIN METHODS Transgenic rats overexpressing RGN (Tg-RGN) and their wild-type (Wt) counterparts were exposed to a single dose of X-rays (6Gy), and at ten weeks after irradiation, the testicular status and the epididymal sperm parameters were evaluated. The expression of RGN and several cell cycle and apoptosis regulators, the enzymatic activity of caspase-3, and RGN immunostaining were also assessed. KEY FINDINGS Tg-RGN animals displayed higher gonadosomatic index, and augmented sperm viability and motility relatively to their Wt counterparts after irradiation, as well as higher frequency of normal sperm morphology and a diminished incidence of head-defects. The differences in reproductive parameters were underpinned by a lower rate of apoptosis, as evidenced by the reduced activity of caspase-3, lower levels of caspase-8, and increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the testis of Tg-RGN animals. Supporting the involvement of RGN in the anti-apoptotic response, an enhanced expression of RGN was observed in irradiated rats. SIGNIFICANCE Transgenic-overexpression of RGN protected against radiation-induced testicular damage, which strengthens the role of this protein protecting cells from the damage of external agents. These findings also indicated that the modulation of RGN testicular levels would be a mechanism for fertility preservation in men undergoing oncological treatment.
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Harikrishna P, Shende AM, Reena KK, Thomas J, Bhure SK. Purification of Regucalcin from the Seminal Vesicular Fluid: A Calcium Binding Multi-Functional Protein. Protein J 2016; 35:310-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-016-9674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Du H, Sheng M, Wu L, Zhang Y, Shi D, Weng Y, Xu R, Yu W. Hydrogen-Rich Saline Attenuates Acute Kidney Injury After Liver Transplantation via Activating p53-Mediated Autophagy. Transplantation 2016; 100:563-70. [PMID: 26714124 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) impacts the survival of liver transplant recipients severely. To date, the related mechanism and effective therapy have not been rigorously explored. The present study aimed to explore the role of p53-mediated autophagy in the protective effect of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) on AKI after orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT). METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups: sham, OLT, OLT with HRS (6 ml/kg) pretreatment (HS), OLT with HRS and chloroquine pretreatment (60 mg/kg) group (CQ). All the samples were collected 6 hours after reperfusion. The renal function and oxidative stress level were measured by biochemical and histopathologic examinations. The formation of autophagosome was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The apoptotic rate was determined by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling analysis. The expression of caspase-3, cytochrome c, p53, damage-regulated autophagy modulator, Becline-1, microtubule-associated protein light 3-II, p62, lysosome-associated membrane protein-2, and the phosphorylation of p53 were assayed by western blot assay. RESULTS Compared with the OLT group, HRS dramatically attenuated the histopathologic damage, restored the renal function, and decreased the oxidative stress level. Simultaneously, HRS significantly ameliorated apoptosis by decreasing the apoptotic rate and inhibiting the expression of caspase-3 and cytochrome c in rats subjected to OLT. The expression of Becline-1 and microtubule-associated protein light 3-II were upregulated with the inhibition of p62 and lysosome-associated membrane protein-2. The inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine counteracted the renoprotective effects of HRS. CONCLUSIONS HRS is able to protect against AKI after liver transplantation partly by reducing apoptosis, which is possibly involved in the modulation of p53-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyin Du
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China. 2 Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. 3 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Nakayama M, Kabayama S, Ito S. The hydrogen molecule as antioxidant therapy: clinical application in hemodialysis and perspectives. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-016-0036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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35
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Zhao M, Liu MD, Pu YY, Wang D, Xie Y, Xue GC, Jiang Y, Yang QQ, Sun XJ, Cao L. Hydrogen-rich water improves neurological functional recovery in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 294:6-13. [PMID: 27138092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The high costs, inconvenient administration, and side effects of current Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs often lead to poor adherence to the long-term treatment of MS. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, and anti-cancer effects. In the present study, we explored the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on the progress of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model for MS. We found that prophylactic administration of both 0.36mM and 0.89mM HRW was able to delay EAE onset and reduce maximum clinical scores. Moreover, 0.89mM HRW also reduced disease severity, CNS infiltration, and demyelination when administered after the onset of disease. Furthermore, HRW treatment prevented infiltration of CD4(+) T lymphocytes into the CNS and inhibited Th17 cell development without affecting Th1 cell populations. Because HRW is non-toxic, inexpensive, easily administered, and can readily cross the blood-brain barrier, our experiments suggest that HRW may have great potential in the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA 254 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming-Dong Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying-Yan Pu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Gai-Ci Xue
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qian-Qian Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xue-Jun Sun
- Department of Aviation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Zhang YG, Sheng QS, Wang ZJ, Lv LI, Zhao W, Chen JM, Xu H. Hydrogen-rich saline promotes motor functional recovery following peripheral nerve autografting in rats. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:727-732. [PMID: 26622383 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the application of nerve grafts and considerable microsurgical innovations, the functional recovery across a long peripheral nerve gap is generally partial and unsatisfactory. Thus, additional strategies are required to improve nerve regeneration across long nerve gaps. Hydrogen possesses antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, which could be neuroprotective in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury; however, such a possibility has not been experimentally tested in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of hydrogen-rich saline in promoting nerve regeneration after 10-mm sciatic nerve autografting in rats. The rats were randomly divided into two groups and intraperitoneally administered a daily regimen of 5 ml/kg hydrogen-rich or normal saline. Axonal regeneration and functional recovery were assessed through a combination of behavioral analyses, electrophysiological evaluations, Fluoro-Gold™ retrograde tracings and histomorphological observations. The data showed that rats receiving hydrogen-rich saline achieved better axonal regeneration and functional recovery than those receiving normal saline. These findings indicated that hydrogen-rich saline promotes nerve regeneration across long gaps, suggesting that hydrogen-rich saline could be used as a neuroprotective agent for peripheral nerve injury therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command/Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Song Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command/Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - L I Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command/Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Heredity of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Mei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command/Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command/Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
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Terawaki H, Nakano H, Zhu WJ, Nakayama M. Successful treatment of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis by hemodialysis and peritoneal lavage using dialysate containing dissolved hydrogen. Perit Dial Int 2015; 35:107-12. [PMID: 25700467 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2013.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Terawaki
- Dialysis center Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan Department of Internal Medicine Kashima Hospital, Iwaki, Japan Department of Nephrology Fukushima Medical Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakano
- Dialysis center Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan Department of Internal Medicine Kashima Hospital, Iwaki, Japan Department of Nephrology Fukushima Medical Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Wan-Jun Zhu
- Dialysis center Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan Department of Internal Medicine Kashima Hospital, Iwaki, Japan Department of Nephrology Fukushima Medical Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakayama
- Dialysis center Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan Department of Internal Medicine Kashima Hospital, Iwaki, Japan Department of Nephrology Fukushima Medical Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
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Ichihara M, Sobue S, Ito M, Ito M, Hirayama M, Ohno K. Beneficial biological effects and the underlying mechanisms of molecular hydrogen - comprehensive review of 321 original articles. Med Gas Res 2015; 5:12. [PMID: 26483953 PMCID: PMC4610055 DOI: 10.1186/s13618-015-0035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen for a wide range of disease models and human diseases have been investigated since 2007. A total of 321 original articles have been published from 2007 to June 2015. Most studies have been conducted in Japan, China, and the USA. About three-quarters of the articles show the effects in mice and rats. The number of clinical trials is increasing every year. In most diseases, the effect of hydrogen has been reported with hydrogen water or hydrogen gas, which was followed by confirmation of the effect with hydrogen-rich saline. Hydrogen water is mostly given ad libitum. Hydrogen gas of less than 4 % is given by inhalation. The effects have been reported in essentially all organs covering 31 disease categories that can be subdivided into 166 disease models, human diseases, treatment-associated pathologies, and pathophysiological conditions of plants with a predominance of oxidative stress-mediated diseases and inflammatory diseases. Specific extinctions of hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite were initially presented, but the radical-scavenging effect of hydrogen cannot be held solely accountable for its drastic effects. We and others have shown that the effects can be mediated by modulating activities and expressions of various molecules such as Lyn, ERK, p38, JNK, ASK1, Akt, GTP-Rac1, iNOS, Nox1, NF-κB p65, IκBα, STAT3, NFATc1, c-Fos, and ghrelin. Master regulator(s) that drive these modifications, however, remain to be elucidated and are currently being extensively investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ichihara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501 Japan
| | - Sayaka Sobue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, 487-8501 Japan
| | - Mikako Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015 Japan
| | - Masaaki Hirayama
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673 Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
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Chen Y, Zong C, Guo Y, Tian L. Hydrogen-rich saline may be an effective and specific novel treatment for osteoradionecrosis of the jaw. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2015; 11:1581-5. [PMID: 26508867 PMCID: PMC4610769 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s90770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen, a therapeutic medical gas, can exert antioxidant activity via selectively reducing cytotoxic reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals. Hydrogen-rich saline is an alternative form of molecular hydrogen that has been widely used in many studies, including metabolic syndrome, cerebral, hepatic, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, and liver injuries with obstructive jaundice, with beneficial results. Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw is a serious complication following radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. It has long been known that most radiation-induced symptoms are caused by free radicals generated by radiolysis of H2O, and the hydroxyl radical is the most reactive of these. Reducing the hydroxyl radical can distinctly improve the protection of cells from radiation damage. We hypothesized that hydrogen-rich saline might be an effective and specific method of managing and preventing osteoradionecrosis of the jaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Chen
- Department of Cranio-facial Trauma and Orthognathic Surgery Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Zong
- Department of Cranio-facial Trauma and Orthognathic Surgery Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Guo
- Department of Cranio-facial Trauma and Orthognathic Surgery Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Cranio-facial Trauma and Orthognathic Surgery Laboratory of Military Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
1. Hydrogen is a colourless, odourless, tasteless and flammable gas. Hydrogen is considered a physiologically inert gas and is often used in deep sea diving medicine. In mammals, endogenous hydrogen is produced as a result of the fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates by intestinal bacteria and it is absorbed into the systemic circulation. 2. Recent evidence indicates that hydrogen is a potent anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory agent and so may have potential medical application. The present review evaluates the concept of 'hydrogen resuscitation', based on knowledge that hydrogen treatment effectively protects cells, tissues and organs against oxidative injury and helps them recover from dysfunction. 3. Hydrogen therapy can be delivered by inhalation, the administration of hydrogen-enriched fluid or by approaches that affect endogenous hydrogen production. 4. Studies have shown that hydrogen resuscitation has cytoprotective effects in different cell types and disease models, including ischaemia-reperfusion injury, inflammation, toxicity, trauma and metabolic disease. The underlying mechanism may be the selective elimination of hydroxyl radicals, although other mechanisms may also be involved (e.g. hydrogen functioning as a gaseous signalling molecule). 5. Hydrogen resuscitation may have several potential advantages over current pharmacological therapies for oxidative injuries. However, more work is needed to identify the precise mechanism underlying the actions of hydrogen and to validate its therapeutic potential in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Feng Zheng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai HospitalDepartment of Diving Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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The Evaluation and Quantitation of Dihydrogen Metabolism Using Deuterium Isotope in Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130687. [PMID: 26103048 PMCID: PMC4477931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Despite the significant interest in molecular hydrogen as an antioxidant in the last eight years, its quantitative metabolic parameters in vivo are still lacking, as is an appropriate method for determination of hydrogen effectivity in the mammalian organism under various conditions. Basic Procedures Intraperitoneally-applied deuterium gas was used as a metabolic tracer and deuterium enrichment was determined in the body water pool. Also, in vitro experiments were performed using bovine heart submitochondrial particles to evaluate superoxide formation in Complex I of the respiratory chain. Main Findings A significant oxidation of about 10% of the applied dose was found under physiological conditions in rats, proving its antioxidant properties. Hypoxia or endotoxin application did not exert any effect, whilst pure oxygen inhalation reduced deuterium oxidation. During in vitro experiments, a significant reduction of superoxide formation by Complex I of the respiratory chain was found under the influence of hydrogen. The possible molecular mechanisms of the beneficial effects of hydrogen are discussed, with an emphasis on the role of iron sulphur clusters in reactive oxygen species generation and on iron species-dihydrogen interaction. Principal Conclusions According to our findings, hydrogen may be an efficient, non-toxic, highly bioavailable and low-cost antioxidant supplement for patients with pathological conditions involving ROS-induced oxidative stress.
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Wu Q, Zhang J, Wan Y, Song S, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Liu C, Fu J. Hydrogen water alleviates lung injury induced by one-lung ventilation. J Surg Res 2015; 199:664-70. [PMID: 26182997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of thoracic surgeries, one-lung ventilation (OLV) has been routinely used to facilitate surgical exposure. However, OLV can cause lung injury during the surgical process and becomes an important factor affecting the outcomes. To date, effective treatments for the prevention of lung injury caused by OLV are lacking. Hydrogen has been demonstrated to have effective protection against tissue injuries caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study investigated the efficacy of hydrogen water consumption on the prevention of lung injury induced by OLV in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 32, 240-260 g) were divided randomly into the following four groups: sham group, sham + H2 group, OLV group, OLV + H2 group. The rats drank hydrogen water or degassed hydrogen water for 4 wk before the operation and received OLV for 60 min and two-lung ventilation for 60 min. Lung tissues were assayed for wet-to-dry ratio, oxidative stress variables, proinflammatory cytokines, and hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS Hydrogen water consumption reduced wet-to-dry weight ratio, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity and decreased the concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the lung tissues compared with sham group and sham + H2 group. Hydrogen water consumption further attenuated NF-κB activation and caused histopathologic alterations. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that hydrogen water consumption ameliorated OLV-induced lung injury, and it may exert its protective role by its anti-inflammation, antioxidation and reducing NF-κB activity in the lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sidong Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junke Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang J. Saturated hydrogen saline attenuates endotoxin-induced lung dysfunction. J Surg Res 2015; 198:41-9. [PMID: 26004495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) is caused by pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary vascular permeability. Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase causes inflammation, and proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress induce autophagy, a catabolic mechanism responsible for protein degradation and recycling of damaged proteins and cytoplasmic organelles. If not controlled, excessive autophagy responses can result in cell death. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we pretreated rats with saturated hydrogen saline, and examined the molecular mechanism by which saturated hydrogen saline attenuates LPS-induced acute lung dysfunction. Sixty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups--a control group, an LPS group, or an LPS plus saturated hydrogen saline (LPS + H2) group. RESULTS Treatment with saturated hydrogen saline prolonged the median survival time of rats and reduced lung dysfunction induced by LPS. Moreover, saturated hydrogen saline significantly attenuated LPS-mediated induction of serum tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, myeloperoxidase, and malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Autophagosomes were found in the cytoplasm of type II alveolar epithelial cells of LPS-treated rats, and light chain 3 protein (LC3)I/II was increased by LPS treatment. In contrast, saturated hydrogen saline decreased the number of autophagosomes and LC3I/II expression. Saturated hydrogen saline also attenuated the LPS-mediated increase in apoptosis and p38 expression. Taken together, saturated hydrogen saline may attenuate LPS-induced acute lung dysfunction in rats by reducing inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis involving the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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Shen M, Zhang H, Yu C, Wang F, Sun X. A review of experimental studies of hydrogen as a new therapeutic agent in emergency and critical care medicine. Med Gas Res 2014; 4:17. [PMID: 25905011 PMCID: PMC4406336 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9912-4-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical element in the Universe, but is seldom regarded as a therapeutic agent. Recent evidence has shown that hydrogen is a potent antioxidative, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory agent and so may have potential medical applications in cells, tissues and organs. There are several methods to administer hydrogen, such as inhalation of hydrogen gas, aerosol inhalation of a hydrogen-rich solution, drinking hydrogen dissolved in water, injecting hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) and taking a hydrogen bath. Drinking hydrogen solution (saline/pure water/other solutions saturated with hydrogen) may be more practical in daily life and more suitable for daily consumption. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies on the use of hydrogen in emergency and critical care medicine using different disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Shen
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Provincial Crops Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, 831HongXu Road, Shanghai, 201103 PR China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Department of Quality Management, General Hospital, Chinese Armed Police Force, 69YongDing Road, Beijing, 100039 PR China
| | - Congjun Yu
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Provincial Crops Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, 831HongXu Road, Shanghai, 201103 PR China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Medical Abministration, General Hospital, Chinese Armed Police Force, 69YongDing Road, Beijing, 100039 PR China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, 800XiangYin Road, Shanghai, 200433 PR China
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Ishigami A, Masutomi H, Handa S, Maruyama N. Age-associated decrease of senescence marker protein-30/gluconolactonase in individual mouse liver cells: Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 15:804-10. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Ishigami
- Molecular Regulation of Aging; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hirofumi Masutomi
- Molecular Regulation of Aging; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
| | - Setsuko Handa
- Molecular Regulation of Aging; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
| | - Naoki Maruyama
- Molecular Regulation of Aging; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo Japan
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Amano A, Sato Y, Kishimoto Y, Takahashi K, Handa S, Aigaki T, Maruyama N, Ishigami A. Effects of ascorbic acid deficiency on protein and lipid oxidation in livers from SMP30/GNL knockout mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2014; 59:489-95. [PMID: 24477244 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.59.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) functions as an electron donor and scavenges reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, singlet oxygen, and hydroxyl radicals in vitro. However, little is known about the effect of an AA deficiency on protein and lipid oxidation levels in the liver. Therefore, we measured the levels of protein carbonyl and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in livers from senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) mice. These mice are deficient in AA, because they lack the SMP30/GNL gene, which is essential for the biosynthesis of AA in vivo. To track the effect of an AA deficiency, at 30 d of age, mice were divided into the following four groups: AA (-) SMP30/GNL KO, AA (+) SMP30/GNL KO, AA (-) wild type (WT), and AA (+) WT. The AA (+) groups were given water containing 1.5 g/L AA, whereas the AA (-) groups received water without AA for 57 d. All mice were fed an AA-free diet. Subsequently, protein carbonyl levels in livers from AA (-) SMP30/GNL KO mice were significantly higher than those from the other three groups; however, TBARS levels were not significantly different among the four groups. Therefore, AA must act as an anti-oxidant for proteins but might not directly protect lipid oxidation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Amano
- Molecular Regulation of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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Hydrogen-rich saline improves survival and neurological outcome after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats. Anesth Analg 2014; 119:368-380. [PMID: 24937348 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death worldwide. Three-fourths of cardiac arrest patients die before hospital discharge or experience significant neurological damage. Hydrogen-rich saline, a portable, easily administered, and safe means of delivering hydrogen gas, can exert organ-protective effects through regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. We designed this study to investigate whether hydrogen-rich saline treatment could improve survival and neurological outcome after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the mechanism responsible for this effect. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 8 minutes of cardiac arrest by asphyxia. Different doses of hydrogen-rich saline or normal saline were administered IV at 1 minute before cardiopulmonary resuscitation, followed by injections at 6 and 12 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation, respectively. We assessed survival, neurological outcome, oxidative stress, inflammation biomarkers, and apoptosis. RESULTS Hydrogen-rich saline treatment dose dependently improved survival and neurological function after cardiac arrest/resuscitation. Moreover, hydrogen-rich saline treatment dose dependently ameliorated brain injury after cardiac arrest/resuscitation, which was characterized by the increase of survival neurons in hippocampus CA1, reduction of brain edema in cortex and hippocampus, preservation of blood-brain barrier integrity, as well as the decrease of serum S100β and neuron-specific enolase. Furthermore, we found that the beneficial effects of hydrogen-rich saline treatment were associated with decreased levels of oxidative products (8-iso-prostaglandin F2α and malondialdehyde) and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and high-mobility group box protein 1), as well as the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in serum and brain tissues. In addition, hydrogen-rich saline treatment reduced caspase-3 activity in cortex and hippocampus after cardiac arrest/resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS Hydrogen-rich saline treatment improved survival and neurological outcome after cardiac arrest/resuscitation in rats, which was partially mediated by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Tomofuji T, Kawabata Y, Kasuyama K, Endo Y, Yoneda T, Yamane M, Azuma T, Ekuni D, Morita M. Effects of hydrogen-rich water on aging periodontal tissues in rats. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5534. [PMID: 24985521 PMCID: PMC4078318 DOI: 10.1038/srep05534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage is involved in age-related inflammatory reactions. The anti-oxidative effects of hydrogen-rich water suppress oxidative damage, which may aid in inhibiting age-related inflammatory reactions. We investigated the effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on aging periodontal tissues in healthy rats. Four-month-old male Fischer 344 rats (n = 12) were divided into two groups: the experimental group (hydrogen-rich water treatment) and the control group (distilled water treatment). The rats consumed hydrogen-rich water or distilled water until 16 months of age. The experimental group exhibited lower periodontal oxidative damage at 16 months of age than the control group. Although protein expression of interleukin-1β did not differ, gene expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasomes was activated in periodontal tissues from the experimental group as compared with the control group. Drinking hydrogen-rich water is proposed to have anti-aging effects on periodontal oxidative damage, but not on inflammatory reactions in healthy rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuya Kawabata
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kenta Kasuyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Endo
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yoneda
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mayu Yamane
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Takahashi K, Kishimoto Y, Konishi T, Fujita Y, Ito M, Shimokado K, Maruyama N, Ishigami A. Ascorbic acid deficiency affects genes for oxidation–reduction and lipid metabolism in livers from SMP30/GNL knockout mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2289-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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50
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Hydrogen-rich saline attenuates neuronal ischemia--reperfusion injury by protecting mitochondrial function in rats. J Surg Res 2014; 192:564-72. [PMID: 24969549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen, a popular antioxidant gas, can selectively reduce cytotoxic oxygen radicals and has been found to protect against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of multiple organs. Acute neuronal death during I/R has been attributed to loss of mitochondrial permeability transition coupled with mitochondrial dysfunction. This study was designed to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of hydrogen-rich saline on neuronal mitochondrial injury from global cerebral I/R in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a four-vessel occlusion model of global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, with Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were divided randomly into six groups (n = 90): sham (group S), I/R (group I/R), normal saline (group NS), atractyloside (group A), hydrogen-rich saline (group H), and hydrogen-rich saline + atractyloside (group HA). In groups H and HA, intraperitoneal hydrogen-rich saline (5 mL/kg) was injected immediately after reperfusion, whereas the equal volume of NS was injected in the other four groups. In groups A and HA, atractyloside (15 μL) was intracerebroventricularly injected 10 min before reperfusion, whereas groups NS and H received equal NS. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by spectrophotometry. Cytochrome c protein expression in the mitochondria and cytoplasm was detected by western blot. The hippocampus mitochondria ultrastructure was examined with transmission electron microscope. The histologic damage in hippocampus was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS Hydrogen-rich saline treatment significantly improved the amount of surviving cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, hydrogen-rich saline not only reduced tissue damage, the degree of mitochondrial swelling, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential but also preserved the mitochondrial cytochrome c content (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that hydrogen-rich saline was able to attenuate neuronal I/R injury, probably by protecting mitochondrial function in rats.
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