1
|
Erdoğan Özünal I, Kılıçaslan E, Elibol T, Öztürk E. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has an impact on myeloma outcome: Lower HDL associates with worse progression-free survival. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2023:10.1007/s00508-023-02239-8. [PMID: 37402933 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-023-02239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) staging is based on beta‑2 MG, albumin, LDH levels, and the presence of chromosomal abnormalities. We aimed to evaluate the impact of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on myeloma outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 148 individuals; 68 patients diagnosed with MM and 80 age, sex, comorbidity-matched controls. The relationship between HDL and myeloma stage and the association between HDL and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. RESULTS Sixty-five percent of patients were male in each group. Mean HDL level was higher in the control group than myeloma group (52.6 ± 15.02 mg/dl versus 33.79 ± 12.71) (p < 0.001). According to ISS, 39 patients (57%) had advanced stage (ISS-III) disease. To assess the optimal cut-point for HDL that makes a difference in PFS, the X‑tile software program was used and in line with the created plots, the myeloma cohort was divided into two groups as HDL < 28 and ≥ 28 mg/dl. Twenty-two patients (32.4%) were in HDL < 28 group. According to the ISS, HDL < 28 group had more advanced disease than the HDL ≥ 28 group (p = 0.008). Twenty-nine patients (42.6%) progressed or died during the follow-up and 15 of these were in the HDL < 28 group. Time to progression was shorter in patients who were in the HDL < 28 group (median, 22 versus 40 months, p = 0.03). There was no statistically significant difference between these groups in terms of overall survival (p = 0.708). CONCLUSION Myeloma patients have lower HDL than controls and HDL < 28 mg/dl associates with advanced-stage disease and shorter PFS. Therefore, HDL can be a surrogate prognostic marker in myeloma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Işıl Erdoğan Özünal
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın Göztepe City Hospital, Eğitim Mah., Kadıköy, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Emrah Kılıçaslan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Elibol
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erman Öztürk
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shavva VS, Babina AV, Nekrasova EV, Lisunov AV, Dizhe EB, Oleinikova GN, Orlov SV. Insulin Downregulates the Expression of ATP-binding Cassette Transporter A-I in Human Hepatoma Cell Line HepG2 in a FOXO1 and LXR Dependent Manner. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:151-160. [PMID: 36251137 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01109-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette transporter A-I (ABCA1) is an ubiquitously expressed protein whose main function is the transmembrane transport of cholesterol and phospholipids. Synthesis of ABCA1 protein in liver is necessary for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) formation in mammals. Thus, the mechanism of ABCA1 gene expression regulation in hepatocytes are of critical importance. Recently, we have found the insulin-dependent downregulation of other key player in the HDL formation-apolipoprotein A-I gene (J. Cell. Biochem., 2017, 118:382-396). Nothing is known about the role of insulin in the regulation of ABCA1 gene. Here we show for the first time that insulin decreases the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 in human hepatoma cell line HepG2. PI3K, p38, MEK1/2, JNK and mTORC1 signaling pathways are involved in the insulin-mediated downregulation of human ABCA1 gene. Transcription factors LXRα, LXRβ, FOXO1 and NF-κB are important contributors to this process, while FOXA2 does not regulate ABCA1 gene expression. Insulin causes the decrease in FOXO1, LXRα and LXRβ binding to ABCA1 promoter, which is likely the cause of the decrease in the gene expression. Interestingly, the murine ABCA1 gene seems to be not regulated by insulin in hepatocytes (in vitro and in vivo). We suggest that the reason for this discrepancy is the difference in the 5'-regulatory regions of human and murine ABCA1 genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir S Shavva
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna V Babina
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Nekrasova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey V Lisunov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ella B Dizhe
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina N Oleinikova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey V Orlov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia. .,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yuan Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Li X, Jiao R, Bai W. Cholesterol-Lowering Activity of Vitisin A Is Mediated by Inhibiting Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Enhancing LDL Uptake in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043301. [PMID: 36834719 PMCID: PMC9961218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyranoanthocyanins have been reported to possess better chemical stability and bioactivities than monomeric anthocyanins in some aspects. The hypocholesterolemic activity of pyranoanthocyanins is unclear. In view of this, this study was conducted to compare the cholesterol-lowering activities of Vitisin A with the anthocyanin counterpart Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G) in HepG2 cells and to investigate the interaction of Vitisin A with the expression of genes and proteins associated with cholesterol metabolism. HepG2 cells were incubated with 40 μM cholesterol and 4 μM 25-hydroxycholeterol with various concentrations of Vitisin A or C3G for 24 h. It was found that Vitisin A decreased the cholesterol levels at the concentrations of 100 μM and 200 μM with a dose-response relationship, while C3G exhibited no significant effect on cellular cholesterol. Furthermore, Vitisin A could down-regulate 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis through a sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2)-dependent mechanism, and up-regulate low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and blunt the secretion of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) protein to promote intracellular LDL uptake without LDLR degradation. In conclusion, Vitisin A demonstrated hypocholesterolemic activity, by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis and enhancing LDL uptake in HepG2 cells.
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Li Y, Wei X, Adi D, Wang YT, Han M, Liu F, Chen BD, Li XM, Yang YN, Fu ZY, Ma YT. Genetic analysis of DNA methylation in dyslipidemia: a case-control study. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14590. [PMID: 36570009 PMCID: PMC9774006 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease has become the leading cause of death in developed countries, and dyslipidemia is closely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia is caused by the abnormal regulation of several genes and signaling pathways, and dyslipidemia is influenced mainly by genetic variation. AMFR, FBXW7, INSIG1, INSIG2, and MBTPS1 genes are associated with lipid metabolism. In a recent GWAS study, the GRINA gene has been reported to be associated with dyslipidemia, but its molecular mechanism has not been thoroughly investigated. The correlation between the DNA methylation of these genes and lipid metabolism has not been studied. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the DNA methylation of these genes and the risk of dyslipidemia by comparing the methylation levels of dyslipidemia and control samples. Methods A case-control research method was used in this study. The patient's blood samples were collected at the Heart Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. In the Xinjiang Han population, 100 cases of hyperlipidemia and 80 cases of the control group were selected. The two groups were age and gender-matched. Quantitative methylation analysis of CpG sites in the gene promoter regions of six genes was performed by Solexa high-throughput sequencing. Results The DNA methylation levels of 23 CpG sites in six genes were shown to be associated with hyperlipidemia, and a total of 20 DNA methylation haplotypes showed statistically significant differences between the two groups. When compared with the control group, the dyslipidemia group had significantly higher levels of methylation in the GRINA gene (2.68 vs 2.36, P = 0.04). Additionally, we also discovered a significant methylation haplotype of GRINA (P = 0.017). Conclusion The findings of this study reveal that the DNA methylation of GRINA increases the risk for dyslipidemia in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xian Wei
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Dilare Adi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yong-Tao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Min Han
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Fen Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Bang-Dang Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Ning Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhen-Yan Fu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tanyanskiy DA, Shavva VS, Dizhe EB, Oleinikova GN, Lizunov AV, Nekrasova EV, Mogilenko DA, Larionova EE, Orlov SV, Denisenko AD. Adiponectin Stimulates Apolipoprotein A-1 Gene Expression in HepG2 Cells via AMPK, PPARα, and LXRs Signaling Mechanisms. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1252-1259. [PMID: 36509728 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922110049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipose tissue hormone, participating in energy metabolism and involved in atherogenesis. Previously, it was found that adiponectin increases expression of the APOA1 (apolipoprotein A-1) gene in hepatocytes, but the mechanisms of this effect remained unexplored. Our aim was to investigate the role of adiponectin receptors AdipoR1/R2, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and liver X receptors (LXRs) in mediating the action of adiponectin on hepatic APOA1 expression in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The level of APOA1 expression was determined by RT-qPCR and ELISA. We showed that the siRNA-mediated knockdown of genes coding for AdipoR1, AdipoR2, AMPK, PPARα, and LXRα and β prevented adiponectin-induced APOA1 expression in HepG2 cells and demonstrated that interaction of PPARα and LXRs with the APOA1 gene hepatic enhancer is important for the adiponectin-dependent APOA1 transcription. The results of this study point out to the involvement of both types of adiponectin receptors, AMPK, PPARα, and LXRs in the adiponectin-dependent upregulation of the APOA1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Tanyanskiy
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia. .,Department of Fundamental Problems of Medicine and Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Vladimir S Shavva
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Ella B Dizhe
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Galina N Oleinikova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Alexey V Lizunov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia.,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Nekrasova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Denis A Mogilenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Ekaterina E Larionova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Sergey V Orlov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia.,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Alexander D Denisenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia.,Department of Fundamental Problems of Medicine and Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Potential Therapeutic Agents That Target ATP Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1) Gene Expression. Drugs 2022; 82:1055-1075. [PMID: 35861923 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-022-01743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The cholesterol efflux protein ATP binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA) and apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1) are key constituents in the process of reverse-cholesterol transport (RCT), whereby excess cholesterol in the periphery is transported to the liver where it can be converted primarily to bile acids for either use in digestion or excreted. Due to their essential roles in RCT, numerous studies have been conducted in cells, mice, and humans to more thoroughly understand the pathways that regulate their expression and activity with the goal of developing therapeutics that enhance RCT to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Many of the drugs and natural compounds examined target several transcription factors critical for ABCA1 expression in both macrophages and the liver. Likewise, several miRNAs target not only ABCA1 but also the same transcription factors that are critical for its high expression. However, after years of research and many preclinical and clinical trials, only a few leads have proven beneficial in this regard. In this review we discuss the various transcription factors that serve as drug targets for ABCA1 and provide an update on some important leads.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mogilenko DA, Danko K, Larionova EE, Shavva VS, Kudriavtsev IV, Nekrasova EV, Burnusuz AV, Gorbunov NP, Trofimov AV, Zhakhov AV, Ivanov IA, Orlov SV. Differentiation of human macrophages with anaphylatoxin C3a impairs alternative M2 polarization and decreases lipopolysaccharide‐induced cytokine secretion. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:186-204. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis A Mogilenko
- Department of Biochemistry Institute of Experimental Medicine St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Embryology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Katerina Danko
- Department of Biochemistry Institute of Experimental Medicine St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Cytology and Histology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia
| | | | - Vladimir S Shavva
- Department of Biochemistry Institute of Experimental Medicine St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Igor V Kudriavtsev
- Department of Cytology and Histology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Immunology Institute of Experimental Medicine St. Petersburg Russia
| | | | - Alexandra V Burnusuz
- Department of Biochemistry Institute of Experimental Medicine St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Cytology and Histology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Immunology Institute of Experimental Medicine St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Nikolay P Gorbunov
- The Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations St. Petersburg Russia
| | | | | | | | - Sergey V Orlov
- Department of Biochemistry Institute of Experimental Medicine St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Embryology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li H, Yu XH, Ou X, Ouyang XP, Tang CK. Hepatic cholesterol transport and its role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 83:101109. [PMID: 34097928 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a quickly emerging global health problem representing the most common chronic liver disease in the world. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease represents the leading cause of mortality in NAFLD patients. Cholesterol metabolism has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of both NAFLD and atherosclerosis. The liver is the major organ for cholesterol metabolism. Abnormal hepatic cholesterol metabolism not only leads to NAFLD but also drives the development of atherosclerotic dyslipidemia. The cholesterol level in hepatocytes reflects the dynamic balance between endogenous synthesis, uptake, esterification, and export, a process in which cholesterol is converted to neutral cholesteryl esters either for storage in cytosolic lipid droplets or for secretion as a major constituent of plasma lipoproteins, including very-low-density lipoproteins, chylomicrons, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins. In this review, we describe decades of research aimed at identifying key molecules and cellular players involved in each main aspect of hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Furthermore, we summarize the recent advances regarding the biological processes of hepatic cholesterol transport and its role in NAFLD and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 460106, China
| | - Xiang Ou
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410005, China
| | - Xin-Ping Ouyang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Panteleeva AA, Razgildina ND, Brovin DL, Pobozheva IA, Dracheva KV, Berkovich OA, Polyakova EA, Belyaeva OD, Baranova EI, Pchelina SN, Miroshnikova VV. The Expression of Genes Encoding ABCA1 and ABCG1 Transporters and PPARγ, LXRβ, and RORα Transcriptional Factors in Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Women with Metabolic Syndrome. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
10
|
Andersen CB, Runge Walther A, Pipó-Ollé E, Notabi MK, Juul S, Eriksen MH, Lovatt AL, Cowie R, Linnet J, Kobaek-Larsen M, El-Houri R, Andersen MØ, Hedegaard MAB, Christensen LP, Arnspang EC. Falcarindiol Purified From Carrots Leads to Elevated Levels of Lipid Droplets and Upregulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Gene Expression in Cellular Models. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:565524. [PMID: 32982759 PMCID: PMC7485416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.565524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Falcarindiol (FaDOH) is a cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory polyacetylenic oxylipin found in food plants of the carrot family (Apiaceae). FaDOH has been shown to activate PPARγ and to increase the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells, both of which play an important role in lipid metabolism. Thus, a common mechanism of action of the anticancer and antidiabetic properties of FaDOH may be due to a possible effect on lipid metabolism. In this study, the effect of sub-toxic concentration (5 μM) of FaDOH inside human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was studied using white light microscopy and Raman imaging. Our results show that FaDOH increases lipid content in the hMSCs cells as well as the number of lipid droplets (LDs) and that this can be explained by increased expression of PPARγ2 as shown in human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Activation of PPARγ can lead to increased expression of ABCA1. We demonstrate that ABCA1 is upregulated in colorectal neoplastic rat tissue, which indicates a possible role of this transporter in the redistribution of lipids and increased formation of LDs in cancer cells that may lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress and cancer cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Bertel Andersen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Runge Walther
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Emma Pipó-Ollé
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martine K Notabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Juul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mathias Hessellund Eriksen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Adam Leslie Lovatt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Richard Cowie
- The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jes Linnet
- The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Kobaek-Larsen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rime El-Houri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Østergaard Andersen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin Aage Barsøe Hedegaard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Porskjær Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Eva Christensen Arnspang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Frambach SJCM, de Haas R, Smeitink JAM, Rongen GA, Russel FGM, Schirris TJJ. Brothers in Arms: ABCA1- and ABCG1-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux as Promising Targets in Cardiovascular Disease Treatment. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:152-190. [PMID: 31831519 DOI: 10.1124/pr.119.017897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide, and hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor. Preventive treatments mainly focus on the effective reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but their therapeutic value is limited by the inability to completely normalize atherosclerotic risk, probably due to the disease complexity and multifactorial pathogenesis. Consequently, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol gained much interest, as it appeared to be cardioprotective due to its major role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). RCT facilitates removal of cholesterol from peripheral tissues, including atherosclerotic plaques, and its subsequent hepatic clearance into bile. Therefore, RCT is expected to limit plaque formation and progression. Cellular cholesterol efflux is initiated and propagated by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. Their expression and function are expected to be rate-limiting for cholesterol efflux, which makes them interesting targets to stimulate RCT and lower atherosclerotic risk. This systematic review discusses the molecular mechanisms relevant for RCT and ABCA1 and ABCG1 function, followed by a critical overview of potential pharmacological strategies with small molecules to enhance cellular cholesterol efflux and RCT. These strategies include regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression, degradation, and mRNA stability. Various small molecules have been demonstrated to increase RCT, but the underlying mechanisms are often not completely understood and are rather unspecific, potentially causing adverse effects. Better understanding of these mechanisms could enable the development of safer drugs to increase RCT and provide more insight into its relation with atherosclerotic risk. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor of atherosclerosis, which is a leading pathological mechanism underlying cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol is removed from atherosclerotic plaques and subsequently cleared by the liver into bile. This transport is mediated by high-density lipoprotein particles, to which cholesterol is transferred via ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. Small-molecule pharmacological strategies stimulating these transporters may provide promising options for cardiovascular disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne J C M Frambach
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard A Rongen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and its main protein component apolipoprotein (apo)A-I, play an important role in cholesterol homeostasis. It has been demonstrated that HDLs comprise of a very heterogeneous group of particles, not only regarding size but also composition. HDL's best described function is its role in the reverse cholesterol transport, where lipid-free apoA-I or small HDLs can accept and take up cholesterol from peripheral cells and subsequently transport this to the liver for excretion. However, several other functions have also been described, like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects. In this article, the general features, synthesis and metabolism of apoA-I and HDLs will be discussed. Additionally, an overview of HDL functions will be given, especially in the context of some major pathologies like cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Finally, the therapeutic potential of raising HDL will be discussed, focussing on the difficulties of the past and the promises of the future.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bogomolova AM, Shavva VS, Nikitin AA, Nekrasova EV, Dizhe EB, Larionova EE, Kudriavtsev IV, Orlov SV. Hypoxia as a Factor Involved in the Regulation of the apoA-1, ABCA1, and Complement C3 Gene Expression in Human Macrophages. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:529-539. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919050079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
14
|
Ganjali S, Ricciuti B, Pirro M, Butler AE, Atkin SL, Banach M, Sahebkar A. High-Density Lipoprotein Components and Functionality in Cancer: State-of-the-Art. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:12-24. [PMID: 30473465 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in western countries, and thus represents a major global public health issue. Whilst it is well-recognized that diet, obesity, and smoking are risk factors for cancer, the role of low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in cancer is less well appreciated. Conflicting evidence suggests that serum HDL-C levels may be either positively or negatively associated with cancer incidence and mortality. Such disparate associations are supported in part by the multitude of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functions that can all have an impact on cancer cell biology. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the crosstalk between HDLs and cancer, focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Biagio Ricciuti
- Department of Medical Oncology, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tumor necrosis factor α stimulates endogenous apolipoprotein A-I expression and secretion by human monocytes and macrophages: role of MAP-kinases, NF-κB, and nuclear receptors PPARα and LXRs. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 448:211-223. [PMID: 29442267 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is the main structural and functional protein component of high-density lipoprotein. ApoA-I has been shown to regulate lipid metabolism and inflammation in macrophages. Recently, we found the moderate expression of endogenous apoA-I in human monocytes and macrophages and showed that pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) increases apoA-I mRNA and stimulates ApoA-I protein secretion by human monocytes and macrophages. Here, we present data about molecular mechanisms responsible for the TNFα-mediated activation of apoA-I gene in human monocytes and macrophages. This activation depends on JNK and MEK1/2 signaling pathways in human monocytes, whereas inhibition of NFκB, JNK, or p38 blocks an increase of apoA-I gene expression in the macrophages treated with TNFα. Nuclear receptor PPARα is a ligand-dependent regulator of apoA-I gene, whereas LXRs stimulate apoA-I mRNA transcription and ApoA-I protein synthesis and secretion by macrophages. Treatment of human macrophages with PPARα or LXR synthetic ligands as well as knock-down of LXRα, and LXRβ by siRNAs interfered with the TNFα-mediated activation of apoA-I gene in human monocytes and macrophages. At the same time, TNFα differently regulated the levels of PPARα, LXRα, and LXRβ binding to the apoA-I gene promoter in THP-1 cells. Obtained results suggest a novel tissue-specific mechanism of the TNFα-mediated regulation of apoA-I gene in monocytes and macrophages and show that endogenous ApoA-I might be positively regulated in macrophage during inflammation.
Collapse
|
16
|
Gao XQ, Li YF, Jiang ZL. β 3-Adrenoceptor activation upregulates apolipoprotein A-I expression in HepG2 cells, which might further promote cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:617-627. [PMID: 28424539 PMCID: PMC5344441 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s130088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR) activation on HepG2 cells and its influence on cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells. Materials and methods HepG2 cells were cultured and treated with the β3-AR agonist, BRL37344, and antagonist, SR52390A, and the expression of apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I, ApoA-II, ApoB, and β3-AR in the supernatants and cells was determined. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ and PPARα in the HepG2 cells was also assessed. Next, using the RAW264.7 macrophage foam cell model, we also assessed the influence of the HepG2 cell supernatants on lipid efflux. The cholesterol content of the foam cells was also measured, and the cholesterol efflux from the macrophages was examined by determining 3H-labeled cholesterol levels. Expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC) A1 and ABCG1 of the macrophage foam cells was also assessed. Results β3-AR activation increased ApoA-I expression in both the HepG2 cells and the supernatants; PPARγ expression was upregulated, but PPARα expression was not. Treatment with GW9662 abolished the increased expression of ApoA-I induced by the β3-AR agonist. The HepG2 cell supernatants decreased the lipid accumulation and increased the cholesterol efflux from the macrophage foam cells. ABCA1 expression, but not ABCG1 expression, increased in the macrophage foam cells treated with BRL37344-treated HepG2 cell supernatants. Conclusion Activation of β3-AR in HepG2 cells upregulates ApoA-I expression, which might further promote cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells. PPARγ might be required for the induction of ApoA-I expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Qing Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Li Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University.,Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shavva VS, Bogomolova AM, Nikitin AA, Dizhe EB, Tanyanskiy DA, Efremov AM, Oleinikova GN, Perevozchikov AP, Orlov SV. Insulin-Mediated Downregulation of Apolipoprotein A-I Gene in Human Hepatoma Cell Line HepG2: The Role of Interaction Between FOXO1 and LXRβ Transcription Factors. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:382-396. [PMID: 27404023 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is a key component of high density lipoproteins which possess anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Insulin is a crucial mediator of the glucose and lipid metabolism that has been implicated in atherosclerotic and inflammatory processes. Important mediators of insulin signaling such as Liver X Receptors (LXRs) and Forkhead Box A2 (FOXA2) are known to regulate apoA-I expression in liver. Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1) is a well-known target of insulin signaling and a key mediator of oxidative stress response. Low doses of insulin were shown to activate apoA-I expression in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. However, the detailed mechanisms for these processes are still unknown. We studied the possible involvement of FOXO1, FOXA2, LXRα, and LXRβ transcription factors in the insulin-mediated regulation of apoA-I expression. Treatment of HepG2 cells with high doses of insulin (48 h, 100 nM) suppresses apoA-I gene expression. siRNAs against FOXO1, FOXA2, LXRβ, or LXRα abrogated this effect. FOXO1 forms a complex with LXRβ and insulin treatment impairs FOXO1/LXRβ complex binding to hepatic enhancer and triggers its nuclear export. Insulin as well as LXR ligand TO901317 enhance the interaction between FOXA2, LXRα, and hepatic enhancer. These data suggest that high doses of insulin downregulate apoA-I gene expression in HepG2 cells through redistribution of FOXO1/LXRβ complex, FOXA2, and LXRα on hepatic enhancer of apoA-I gene. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 382-396, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir S Shavva
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Artemy A Nikitin
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ella B Dizhe
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Tanyanskiy
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Fundamental Medicine and Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander M Efremov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina N Oleinikova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrej P Perevozchikov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey V Orlov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Embryology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang L, Chen Y, Yang X, Yang J, Cao X, Li X, Li L, Miao QR, Hajjar DP, Duan Y, Han J. MEK1/2 inhibitors activate macrophage ABCG1 expression and reverse cholesterol transport-An anti-atherogenic function of ERK1/2 inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1180-1191. [PMID: 27365310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), a molecule facilitating cholesterol efflux to HDL, is activated by liver X receptor (LXR). In this study, we investigated if inhibition of ERK1/2 can activate macrophage ABCG1 expression and functions. MEK1/2 inhibitors, PD98059 and U0126, increased ABCG1 mRNA and protein expression, and activated the natural ABCG1 promoter but not the promoter with the LXR responsive element (LXRE) deletion. Inhibition of ABCG1 expression by ABCG1 siRNA did enhance the formation of macrophage/foam cells and it attenuated the inhibitory effect of MEK1/2 inhibitors on foam cell formation. MEK1/2 inhibitors activated macrophage cholesterol efflux to HDL in vitro, and they enhanced reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in vivo. ApoE deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice receiving U0126 treatment had reduced sinus lesions in the aortic root which was associated with activated macrophage ABCG1 expression in the lesion areas. MEK1/2 inhibitors coordinated the RXR agonist, but not the LXR agonist, to induce ABCG1 expression. Furthermore, induction of ABCG1 expression by MEK1/2 inhibitors was associated with activation of SIRT1, a positive regulator of LXR activity, and inactivation of SULT2B1 and RIP140, two negative regulators of LXR activity. Taken together, our study suggests that MEK1/2 inhibitors activate macrophage ABCG1 expression/RCT, and inhibit foam cell formation and lesion development by multiple mechanisms, supporting the concept that ERK1/2 inhibition is anti-atherogenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the 4th Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingyue Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoju Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Luyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | - Yajun Duan
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China; College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Jihong Han
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China; College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wehmeier KR, Kurban W, Chandrasekharan C, Onstead-Haas L, Mooradian AD, Haas MJ. Inhibition of ABCA1 Protein Expression and Cholesterol Efflux by TNF α in MLO-Y4 Osteocytes. Calcif Tissue Int 2016; 98:586-95. [PMID: 26759003 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-0106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hip fracture and myocardial infarction cause significant morbidity and mortality. In vivo studies raising serum cholesterol levels as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF α manifest bone loss and atherosclerotic vascular disease, suggesting that abnormalities of cholesterol transport may contribute to osteoporosis. We used the mouse osteocyte cell line (MLO-Y4) to investigate the effects of TNF α on the expression of cholesterol acceptor proteins such as apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and apolipoprotein E (apo E), as well as on the cholesterol transporters ATP-binding cassette-1 (ABCA1), scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SRB1), and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36). MLO-Y4 cells do not express apo A-I or apo E; however, they do express all three cholesterol transporters (ABCA1, SRB1, and CD36). Treatment of MLO-Y4 cells with TNF α had no effect on SRB1, CD36, and osteocalcin levels; however, TNF α reduced ABCA1 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner and cholesterol efflux to apo A-I. Interestingly, TNF α treatment increased ABCA1 promoter activity and ABCA1 mRNA levels, and increased liver X receptor α protein expression, but had no effect on retinoid X receptor α and retinoic acid receptor α levels. Pharmacological inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, but not c-jun-N-terminal kinase 1 or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK), restored ABCA1 protein levels in TNF α-treated cells. These results suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines regulate cholesterol metabolism in osteocytes in part by suppressing ABCA1 levels post-translationally in a p38 MAP kinase-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kent R Wehmeier
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, L14, Jacksonville, FL, 32209, USA
| | - William Kurban
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, L14, Jacksonville, FL, 32209, USA
| | - Chandrikha Chandrasekharan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, L14, Jacksonville, FL, 32209, USA
| | - Luisa Onstead-Haas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, L14, Jacksonville, FL, 32209, USA
| | - Arshag D Mooradian
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, L14, Jacksonville, FL, 32209, USA
| | - Michael J Haas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 653-1 West 8th Street, L14, Jacksonville, FL, 32209, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shavva VS, Mogilenko DA, Bogomolova AM, Nikitin AA, Dizhe EB, Efremov AM, Oleinikova GN, Perevozchikov AP, Orlov SV. PPARγ Represses Apolipoprotein A-I Gene but Impedes TNFα-Mediated ApoA-I Downregulation in HepG2 Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2010-22. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir S. Shavva
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Embryology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Denis A. Mogilenko
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Embryology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | | | - Artemy A. Nikitin
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Biochemistry; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Ella B. Dizhe
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Alexander M. Efremov
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Embryology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Galina N. Oleinikova
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Andrej P. Perevozchikov
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Embryology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Sergey V. Orlov
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Experimental Medicine; Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Embryology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xue XH, Shi FF, Chen T, Wei W, Zhou XM, Chen LD. Inhibition of ERK1/2 improves lipid balance in rat macrophages via ABCA1/G1 and CD36. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1533-40. [PMID: 26707062 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1), and macrophage scavenger receptor, cluster of differentiation (CD)36, function as key mediators of cholesterol efflux and influx from macrophages. In addition, they are associated with foam cell formation and the development of atherosclerosis (AS). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibition on lipid balance in oxidized-low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL)-stimulated rat macrophages, and to examine the role of ERK1/2 inhibitors in AS. Rat peritoneal macrophages were treated with Ox-LDL alone or in combination with an ERK1/2 inhibitor, U0126, and untreated cells served as controls. Ox-LDL-induced lipid accumulation was detected by DiI fluorescence and oil red O staining. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of ABCA1, ABCG1 and CD36 were determined using polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Treatment with Ox-LDL significantly increased lipid accumulation and upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of ABCA1, ABCG1 and CD36 in macrophages. The addition of U0126 resulted in a marked reduction of lipid deposition, upregulation of ABCA1/G1 expression and suppression of CD36 expression in Ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages. The results of the present study indicated a novel association between ERK1/2 signaling and lipid metabolism, thus suggesting that inhibition of ERK1/2 may be considered a promising therapeutic strategy against AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xie-Hua Xue
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Fei Shi
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Tong Chen
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mao Zhou
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Dian Chen
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mostafa AM, Hamdy NM, El-Mesallamy HO, Abdel-Rahman SZ. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)-based therapy upregulates LXR-ABCA1/ABCG1 cascade in adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:900-5. [PMID: 26603933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A promising treatment for obesity involves the use of therapeutic agents that increase the level of the glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) which reduces appetite and food intake. Native GLP-1 is rapidly metabolized by the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme and, as such, GLP-1 mimetics or DPP-4 inhibitors represent promising treatment approaches. Interestingly, obese patient receiving such medications showed improved lipid profiles and cholesterol homeostasis, however the mechanism(s) involved are not known. Members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including ABCA1 and ABCG1, play essential roles in reverse cholesterol transport and in high density lipoprotein (HDL) formation. These transporters are under the transcriptional regulation of liver X receptor alpha (LXR-α). We hypothesize that GLP-1 mimetics and/or DPP-4 inhibitors modulate ABCA1/ABCG1 expression in adipocytes through an LXR-α mediated process and thus affecting cholesterol homeostasis. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with the DPP-4 inhibitor vildagliptin (2 nM) or the GLP-1 mimetic exendin-4 (5 nM). Gene and protein expression of ABCA1, ABCG1 and LXR-α were determined and correlated with cholesterol efflux. Expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin and the glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) were also determined. Treatment with both medications significantly increased the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, LXR-α and GLUT-4, decreased IL-6 and leptin, and improved cholesterol efflux from adipocytes (P < 0.05). Our data suggest that GLP-1-based therapy modulate ABCA1/ABCG1 expression in adipocytes potentially through an LXR-α mediated process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mostafa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif Z Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kawashima RL, Medh JD. Down-regulation of lipoprotein lipase increases ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:1416-21. [PMID: 25017912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediates the efflux of excess cholesterol from foam cells to lipid-poor apolipoprotein A-I, in a process called reverse cholesterol transport. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a lipolytic enzyme expressed by macrophages within atherosclerotic lesions. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was used to genetically knock-down (KD) the expression of LPL in THP-1 macrophages. Silencing of the LPL gene was confirmed by end-point PCR, real time PCR, and protein analysis. Suppression of LPL expression correlated with a 1.6-fold up-regulation of ABCA1 mRNA levels, and resulted in a 4.5-fold increase in ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux. Replenishing LPL by addition of purified bovine LPL to the cell culture media resulted in down-regulation of ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux in both wild-type and LPL knockdown cells. These findings suggest an inverse correlation between macrophage LPL levels and ABCA1 cholesterol transport activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko L Kawashima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8262, United States
| | - Jheem D Medh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330-8262, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Peng J, Huan Y, Jiang Q, Sun SJ, Jia CM, Shen ZF. Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Pioglitazone on Lipid Metabolism in Obese Diabetic KKAy Mice. PPAR Res 2014; 2014:538183. [PMID: 24799887 PMCID: PMC3988943 DOI: 10.1155/2014/538183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effects and potential mechanisms of pioglitazone on triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism in obese diabetic KKAy mice. Pioglitazone was orally administered to KKAy mice over 30 days. Compared to C57BL/6J mice, KKAy mice developed obvious insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and hyperlipidemia. Pioglitazone treatment resulted in deteriorated microvesicular steatosis and elevated hepatic triglyceride levels, though plasma triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were reduced by the treatment, compared to nontreated KKAy mice. Plasma alanine aminotransferase activities were also significantly increased. Additionally, pioglitazone increased plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol but decreased hepatic cholesterol. Gene expression profiling revealed that pioglitazone stimulated hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma hyperactivity, and induced the upregulation of adipocyte-specific and lipogenesis-related genes but downregulated of genes involved in triglyceride lipolysis and fatty acid β -oxidation. Pioglitazone also regulated the genes expression of hepatic cholesterol uptake and excretion, such as low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and scavenger receptor type-BI (SR-BI). These results suggested that pioglitazone could induce excessive hepatic triglyceride accumulation, thus aggravating liver steatosis and lesions in KKAy mice. Furthermore, pioglitazone may suppress the clearance of serum cholesterol from the liver predominantly through inhibition of LDL-R and SR-BI expression, thus increasing the plasma cholesterol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Su-juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chun-ming Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhu-fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shavva VS, Mogilenko DA, Dizhe EB, Oleinikova GN, Perevozchikov AP, Orlov SV. Hepatic nuclear factor 4α positively regulates complement C3 expression and does not interfere with TNFα-mediated stimulation of C3 expression in HepG2 cells. Gene 2013; 524:187-92. [PMID: 23628799 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Complement C3 is involved in various protective and regulatory mechanisms of immune system. Recently it was established that C3 expression is regulated by nuclear receptors. Hepatic nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) is a nuclear receptor critical for hepatic development and metabolism. We have shown that HNF4α is a positive regulator of C3 gene expression, realizing its effects through binding to two HNF4-response elements within the C3 promoter in HepG2 cells. TNFα is a well established positive regulator of C3 expression in hepatocytes during acute phase of inflammation. TNFα decreases the amount of HNF4α protein in HepG2 cells through NF-κB and MEK1/2 pathways thereby leading to a decrease in HNF4α bound to the C3 promoter. TNFα and HNF4α act in a synergetic way resulting in the potent activation of C3 transcription. These results suggest a novel mechanism of C3 regulation during acute phase response in HepG2 cells and display the mechanism of interaction of TNFα-induced pathways and HNF4α in transcriptional regulation of C3 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir S Shavva
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mulay V, Wood P, Manetsch M, Darabi M, Cairns R, Hoque M, Chan KC, Reverter M, Alvarez-Guaita A, Rye KA, Rentero C, Heeren J, Enrich C, Grewal T. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase Erk1/2 promotes protein degradation of ATP binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 in CHO and HuH7 cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62667. [PMID: 23634230 PMCID: PMC3636258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction modulates expression and activity of cholesterol transporters. We recently demonstrated that the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade regulates protein stability of Scavenger Receptor BI (SR-BI) through Proliferator Activator Receptor (PPARα) -dependent degradation pathways. In addition, MAPK (Mek/Erk 1/2) inhibition has been shown to influence liver X receptor (LXR) -inducible ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter ABCA1 expression in macrophages. Here we investigated if Ras/MAPK signaling could alter expression and activity of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in steroidogenic and hepatic cell lines. We demonstrate that in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells and human hepatic HuH7 cells, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) inhibition reduces PPARα-inducible ABCA1 protein levels, while ectopic expression of constitutively active H-Ras, K-Ras and MAPK/Erk kinase 1 (Mek1) increases ABCA1 protein expression, respectively. Furthermore, Mek1/2 inhibitors reduce ABCG1 protein levels in ABCG1 overexpressing CHO cells (CHO-ABCG1) and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells treated with LXR agonist. This correlates with Mek1/2 inhibition reducing ABCG1 cell surface expression and decreasing cholesterol efflux onto High Density Lipoproteins (HDL). Real Time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and protein turnover studies reveal that Mek1/2 inhibitors do not target transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1, but promote ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein degradation in HuH7 and CHO cells, respectively. In line with published data from mouse macrophages, blocking Mek1/2 activity upregulates ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein levels in human THP1 macrophages, indicating opposite roles for the Ras/MAPK pathway in the regulation of ABC transporter activity in macrophages compared to steroidogenic and hepatic cell types. In summary, this study suggests that Ras/MAPK signaling modulates PPARα- and LXR-dependent protein degradation pathways in a cell-specific manner to regulate the expression levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1 transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwaroop Mulay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Feldmann R, Fischer C, Kodelja V, Behrens S, Haas S, Vingron M, Timmermann B, Geikowski A, Sauer S. Genome-wide analysis of LXRα activation reveals new transcriptional networks in human atherosclerotic foam cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:3518-31. [PMID: 23393188 PMCID: PMC3616743 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased physiological levels of oxysterols are major risk factors for developing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Lipid-loaded macrophages, termed foam cells, are important during the early development of atherosclerotic plaques. To pursue the hypothesis that ligand-based modulation of the nuclear receptor LXRα is crucial for cell homeostasis during atherosclerotic processes, we analysed genome-wide the action of LXRα in foam cells and macrophages. By integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) and gene expression profile analyses, we generated a highly stringent set of 186 LXRα target genes. Treatment with the nanomolar-binding ligand T0901317 and subsequent auto-regulatory LXRα activation resulted in sequence-dependent sharpening of the genome-binding patterns of LXRα. LXRα-binding loci that correlated with differential gene expression revealed 32 novel target genes with potential beneficial effects, which in part explained the implications of disease-associated genetic variation data. These observations identified highly integrated LXRα ligand-dependent transcriptional networks, including the APOE/C1/C4/C2-gene cluster, which contribute to the reversal of cholesterol efflux and the dampening of inflammation processes in foam cells to prevent atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Feldmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
PPAR Medicines and Human Disease: The ABCs of It All. PPAR Res 2012; 2012:504918. [PMID: 22919365 PMCID: PMC3423947 DOI: 10.1155/2012/504918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-dependent binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a family of transmembrane proteins that pump a variety of hydrophobic compounds across cellular and subcellular barriers and are implicated in human diseases such as cancer and atherosclerosis. Inhibition of ABC transporter activity showed promise in early preclinical studies; however, the outcomes in clinical trials with these agents have not been as encouraging. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate genes involved in fat and glucose metabolism, and inflammation. Activation of PPAR signaling is also reported to regulate ABC gene expression. This suggests the potential of PPAR medicines as a novel means of controlling ABC transporter activity at the transcriptional level. This paper summarizes the advances made in understanding how PPAR medicines affect ABC transporters, and the potential implications for impacting on human diseases, in particular with respect to cancer and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
|
29
|
Mogilenko DA, Orlov SV, Trulioff AS, Ivanov AV, Nagumanov VK, Kudriavtsev IV, Shavva VS, Tanyanskiy DA, Perevozchikov AP. Endogenous apolipoprotein A-I stabilizes ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and modulates Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in human macrophages. FASEB J 2012; 26:2019-30. [PMID: 22271762 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-193946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is the main functional protein component of human high-density lipoproteins. ApoA-I shows various anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective properties toward macrophages; however, endogenous apoA-I expression has not been investigated in macrophages. We have shown that endogenous apoA-I gene is expressed in human macrophages at both mRNA and protein levels. Endogenous ApoA-I is localized in intracellular vesicles and at the external side of the plasma membrane in association with ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and lipid rafts in macrophages. We have shown that endogenous ApoA-I stabilizes ABCA1, moreover, down-regulation of ApoA-I by siRNA results in an increase of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA and membrane surface protein expression, as well as an enhancement of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) genes in human macrophages. TNF-α stimulates ApoA-I expression and secretion (1.2±0.2 vs. 4.3±0.9 ng/mg total protein) in macrophages. Obtained results suggest that endogenous ApoA-I has anti-inflammatory properties, presumably due to ABCA1 stabilization in macrophages; these results elucidate the cell type-specific mechanism of the TNF-α-mediated regulation of apoA-I gene expression in monocytes and macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis A Mogilenko
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Acad. Pavlov St., 12, St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Current World Literature. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2012; 21:106-18. [DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0b013e32834ee42b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
31
|
Mogilenko DA, Kudriavtsev IV, Trulioff AS, Shavva VS, Dizhe EB, Missyul BV, Zhakhov AV, Ischenko AM, Perevozchikov AP, Orlov SV. Modified low density lipoprotein stimulates complement C3 expression and secretion via liver X receptor and Toll-like receptor 4 activation in human macrophages. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:5954-68. [PMID: 22194611 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.289322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement C3 is a pivotal component of three cascades of complement activation. C3 is expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions and is involved in atherogenesis. However, the mechanism of C3 accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions is not well elucidated. We show that acetylated low density lipoprotein and oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) increase C3 gene expression and protein secretion by human macrophages. Modified LDL (mLDL)-mediated activation of C3 expression mainly depends on liver X receptor (LXR) and partly on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), whereas C3 secretion is increased due to TLR4 activation by mLDL. LXR agonist TO901317 stimulates C3 gene expression in human monocyte-macrophage cells but not in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. We find LXR-responsive element inside of the promoter region of the human C3 gene, which binds to LXRβ in macrophages but not in HepG2 cells. We show that C3 expression and secretion is decreased in IL-4-treated (M2) and increased in IFNγ/LPS-stimulated (M1) human macrophages as compared with resting macrophages. LXR agonist TO901317 potentiates LPS-induced C3 gene expression and protein secretion in macrophages, whereas oxLDL differently modulates LPS-mediated regulation of C3 in M1 or M2 macrophages. Treatment of human macrophages with anaphylatoxin C3a results in stimulation of C3 transcription and secretion as well as increased oxLDL accumulation and augmented oxLDL-mediated up-regulation of the C3 gene. These data provide a novel mechanism of C3 gene regulation in macrophages and suggest new aspects of cross-talk between mLDL, C3, C3a, and TLR4 during development of atherosclerotic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis A Mogilenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wood P, Mulay V, Darabi M, Chan KC, Heeren J, Pol A, Lambert G, Rye KA, Enrich C, Grewal T. Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling modulates protein stability and cell surface expression of scavenger receptor SR-BI. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:23077-92. [PMID: 21525007 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.236398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Erk1/2 has been implicated to modulate the activity of nuclear receptors, including peroxisome proliferator activator receptors (PPARs) and liver X receptor, to alter the ability of cells to export cholesterol. Here, we investigated if the Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk1/2 signaling cascade could affect reverse cholesterol transport via modulation of scavenger receptor class BI (SR-BI) levels. We demonstrate that in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells, Mek1/2 inhibition reduces PPARα-inducible SR-BI protein expression and activity, as judged by reduced efflux onto high density lipoprotein (HDL). Ectopic expression of constitutively active H-Ras and Mek1 increases SR-BI protein levels, which correlates with elevated PPARα Ser-21 phosphorylation and increased cholesterol efflux. In contrast, SR-BI levels are insensitive to Mek1/2 inhibitors in PPARα-depleted cells. Most strikingly, Mek1/2 inhibition promotes SR-BI degradation in SR-BI-overexpressing CHO cells and human HuH7 hepatocytes, which is associated with reduced uptake of radiolabeled and 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyane-labeled HDL. Loss of Mek1/2 kinase activity reduces SR-BI expression in the presence of bafilomycin, an inhibitor of lysosomal degradation, indicating down-regulation of SR-BI via proteasomal pathways. In conclusion, Mek1/2 inhibition enhances the PPARα-dependent degradation of SR-BI in hepatocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peta Wood
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|