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Liang G, Lee YZ, Kow ASF, Lee QL, Cheng Lim LW, Yusof R, Tham CL, Ho YC, Lee MT. Neuroprotective effects of Gypenosides: A review on preclinical studies in neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176766. [PMID: 38908668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a perennial creeping herb belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family that has a long history of usage in traditional oriental medicine. Gypenosides are the primary bioactive compounds in Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Because of the medicinal value of gypenosides, functional food and supplements containing gypenosides have been promoted and consumed with popularity, especially among Asian communities. This review presented the progress made in the research of pharmacological properties of gypenosides on diseases of the nervous system and their possible mechanism of action. To date, preclinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of gypenosides in alleviating neuropsychiatric disorders like depression, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, secondary dementia, stroke, optic neuritis, etc. Pharmacological studies have discovered that gypenosides can modulate various major signaling pathways like NF-κB, Nrf2, AKT, ERK1/2, contributing to the neuroprotective properties. However, there is a dearth of clinical research on gypenosides, with current investigations on the compounds being mainly conducted in vitro and on animals. Future studies focusing on isolating and purifying novel gypenosides and investigations on exploring the potential molecular mechanism underlying their biological activities are warranted, which may serve as a foundation for further clinical trials for the betterment of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengfan Liang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Yu Zhao Lee
- Office of Postgraduate Studies, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | | | - Qi Long Lee
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Luis Wei Cheng Lim
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Rohana Yusof
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang , 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Natural Medicine and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang , 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Yu-Cheng Ho
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Ming Tatt Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia; Centre of Research for Mental Health and Well-being, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
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2
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Li Z, He M, Dai D, Gao X, Liang H, Xiong L. Middle aged CAMKII-Cre:Cbs fl/fl mice: a new model for studying perioperative neurocognitive disorders. Exp Anim 2024; 73:109-123. [PMID: 37766548 PMCID: PMC10877146 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative complications, such as perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), have become a major issue affecting surgical outcomes. However, the mechanism of PND remains unclear, and stable animal models of middle-aged PND are lacking. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) allosteric activator, can reduce the level of plasma homocysteine and prevent the occurrence of PND. However, the time and resource-intensive process of constructing models of PND in elderly animals have limited progress in PND research and innovative therapy development. The present study aimed to construct a stable PND model in middle-aged CAMKII-Cre:Cbsfl/fl mice whose Cbs was specifically knocked out in CAMKII positive neurons. Behavioral tests showed that these middle-aged mice displayed cognitive deficits which were aggravated by exploratory laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia. Compared with typical PND mice which were 18-month-old, these middle-aged mice showed similar cognitive deficits after undergoing exploratory laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia. Though there was no significant difference in the number of neurons in either the hippocampus or the cortex, a significant increase in numbers of microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus was observed. These indicate that middle-aged CAMKII-Cre:Cbsfl/fl mice can be used as a new PND model for mechanistic studies and therapy development for PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
| | - Mengfan He
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
| | - Danqing Dai
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215127, P.R. China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, P.R. China
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3
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Corona-Trejo A, Gonsebatt ME, Trejo-Solis C, Campos-Peña V, Quintas-Granados LI, Villegas-Vázquez EY, Daniel Reyes-Hernández O, Hernández-Abad VJ, Figueroa-González G, Silva-Adaya D. Transsulfuration pathway: a targeting neuromodulator in Parkinson's disease. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:915-932. [PMID: 37409540 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The transsulfuration pathway (TSP) is a metabolic pathway involving sulfur transfer from homocysteine to cysteine. Transsulfuration pathway leads to many sulfur metabolites, principally glutathione, H2S, taurine, and cysteine. Key enzymes of the TSP, such as cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase, are essential regulators at multiple levels in this pathway. TSP metabolites are implicated in many physiological processes in the central nervous system and other tissues. TSP is important in controlling sulfur balance and optimal cellular functions such as glutathione synthesis. Alterations in the TSP and related pathways (transmethylation and remethylation) are altered in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, suggesting their participation in the pathophysiology and progression of these diseases. In Parkinson's disease many cellular processes are comprised mainly those that regulate redox homeostasis, inflammation, reticulum endoplasmic stress, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and sulfur content metabolites of TSP are involved in these damage processes. Current research on the transsulfuration pathway in Parkinson's disease has primarily focused on the synthesis and function of certain metabolites, particularly glutathione. However, our understanding of the regulation of other metabolites of the transsulfuration pathway, as well as their relationships with other metabolites, and their synthesis regulation in Parkinson´s disease remain limited. Thus, this paper highlights the importance of studying the molecular dynamics in different metabolites and enzymes that affect the transsulfuration in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corona-Trejo
- Carrera de Biología, Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
| | - María E Gonsebatt
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Cristina Trejo-Solis
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico, 14269, Mexico
| | - Victoria Campos-Peña
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico, 14269, Mexico
| | | | - Edgar Yebrán Villegas-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 09230 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Octavio Daniel Reyes-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
| | - Vicente Jesús Hernández-Abad
- Laboratorio de Investigación Farmacéutica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla de 5 de mayo s/n, Col, Ejército de Oriente, 09230 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Figueroa-González
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 09230 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniela Silva-Adaya
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico, 14269, Mexico
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Kumar M. Hydrogen sulfide: From a toxic gas to a potential therapy for COVID-19 and inflammatory disorders. Nitric Oxide 2023; 140-141:8-15. [PMID: 37648016 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has been shown to induce inflammatory disorders and CNS manifestations. Swift and efficient treatment strategies are urgently warranted for the management of COVID, inflammatory and neurological disorders. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been associated with several clinical disorders due to its potential to influence a broad range of biological signalling pathways. According to recent clinical studies, COVID patients with lower physiological H2S had higher fatality rates. These findings clearly demonstrate an inverse correlation between H2S levels and the severity of COVID-19. H2S has been proposed as a protective molecule because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. Various H2S-releasing prodrugs, hybrids and natural compounds have been tested for their therapeutic efficacy in viral infections and inflammatory disorders. In this review, I am highlighting the rationale for using H2S-based interventions for the management of COVID-19 and post-infection inflammatory disorders including neuroinflammation. I am also proposing therepurposing of existing H2S-releasing prodrugs, developing new NO-H2S-hybrids, targeting H2S metabolic pathways, and using H2S-producing dietary supplements as viable defensive strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Centre for Excellence in Functional Foods, Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India.
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5
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Mou YJ, Ma YT, Yuan X, Wang M, Liu Y, Pei CS, Liu CF, Hou XO, Hu LF. Cystathionine β-Synthase Suppresses NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via Redox Regulation in Microglia. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023. [PMID: 37464816 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) is essential for homocysteine (Hcy) transsulfuration, yielding cysteine as a common precursor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), glutathione (GSH), and other sulfur molecules, which produce neuroprotective effects in neurological conditions. We previously reported a disruption of microglial CBS/H2S signaling in a Parkinson's disease (PD) mouse model. Yet, it remains unclear whether CBS affects nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity and other pathologies in PD. Results: Microglial CBS expression decreased after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Elevated GSSG (the oxidized GSH) content and decreased H2S generation were found in the brains of microglial cbs conditional-knockout (cbscKO) mice, whereas serum and brain Hcy levels remained unaltered. Moreover, microglial cbscKO mice were susceptible to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and dopaminergic neuron losses caused by LPS injection into the substantia nigra, whereas cbs overexpression or activation produced opposite effects. In vitro studies showed that cbs overexpression or activation suppressed microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation and interleukin (IL)-1β secretion by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS) level. Conversely, ablation of cbs enhanced NLRP3 expression and mitoROS generation and augmented microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activity in response to adenosine triphosphate challenge, which was blocked by the mitoROS scavenger. Innovation and Conclusion: The study demonstrated an elevated GSSG level and reduced H2S generation, which correlated with a susceptible status of microglia in the brain of cbscKO mice. Our findings reveal a critical role of CBS in restraining the microglial NLRP3 inflammasome by controlling redox homeostasis and highlight that activation or upregulation of CBS may become a potential strategy for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Mou
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ting Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chong-Shuang Pei
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Hou
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Fang Hu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Akahoshi N, Hasegawa R, Yamamoto S, Takemoto R, Yoshizawa T, Kamichatani W, Ishii I. Differential Roles of Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase and Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase in Hapten-Induced Colitis and Contact Dermatitis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032659. [PMID: 36768979 PMCID: PMC9916491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to act as both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators. Application of H2S donors generally protects against inflammation; however, experimental results using mice lacking endogenous H2S-producing enzymes, such as cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) and mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST), are often contradictory. We herein examined two types of model hapten-induced inflammation models, colitis (an inflammatory bowel disease model of mucosal immunity) and contact dermatitis (a type IV allergic model of systemic immunity), in CTH-deficient (Cth-/-) and MPST-deficient (Mpst-/-) mice. Both mice exhibited no significant alteration from wild-type mice in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (Th1-type hapten)-induced colitis (a Crohn's disease model) and oxazolone (Th1/Th2 mix-type; Th2 dominant)-induced colitis (an ulcerative colitis model). However, Cth-/- (not Mpst-/-) mice displayed more exacerbated phenotypes in trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB; Th1-type)-induced contact dermatitis, but not oxazolone, at the delayed phase (24 h post-administration) of inflammation. CTH mRNA expression was upregulated in the TNCB-treated ears of both wild-type and Mpst-/- mice. Although mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) was upregulated in both early (2 h) and delayed phases of TNCB-triggered dermatitis in all genotypes, that of Th2 (IL-4) and Treg cytokines (IL-10) was upregulated only in Cth-/- mice, when that of Th1 cytokines (IFNγ and IL-2) was upregulated in wild-type and Mpst-/- mice at the delayed phase. These results suggest that (upregulated) CTH or H2S produced by it helps maintain Th1/Th2 balance to protect against contact dermatitis.
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Cheng X, Jiang JM, Wang CY, Zou W, Zhang P, Tang XQ. Hydrogen sulfide prevents arecoline-induced neurotoxicity via promoting leptin/leptin receptor signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1355-1366. [PMID: 35819076 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Arecoline, a major alkaloid of the areca nut, has potential toxicity to the nervous system. Our previous study reveals that the neurotoxicity of arecoline involves in inhibited endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) generation. Therefore, the present study investigated whether exogenous H2 S protects against arecoline-induced neurotoxicity and further explore the underlying mechanisms focusing on leptin/leptin receptor signaling pathway. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 kit. The apoptosis were detected by Hoechst 33258 and Annexin V/PI (propidium iodide) staining. The protein expressions were determined by Western blot analysis. Our results demonstrated that NaHS, an exogenous H2 S donor, significantly increases the cell viability, decreases apoptosis ratio, and reduces caspase-3 activity as well as Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in PC12 cells exposed to arecoline, indicating the protection of H2 S against arecoline-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Also, NaHS attenuated arecoline-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as evidenced by the decreases in the expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase-12. Meanwhile, NaHS promoted leptin/leptin receptor signaling pathway in arecoline-exposed PC12 cells, as illustrated by upregulations of leptin and leptin receptor expressions. Furthermore, leptin tA, an antagonist of leptin receptor, obviously abolished the inhibitory effects of NaHS on arecoline-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and ER stress in arecoline-exposed PC12 cells. Taken together, these results suggested that H2 S prevents arecoline-induced neurotoxicity via enhancing the leptin/leptin receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Cognitive Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Mei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Cognitive Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Cognitive Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zou
- Key Laboratory for Cognitive Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China.,The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cognitive Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China.,The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Key Laboratory for Cognitive Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
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8
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Sui C, Wu Y, Zhang R, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Xi J, Ding Y, Wen J, Hu Y. Rutin Inhibits the Progression of Osteoarthritis Through CBS-Mediated RhoA/ROCK Signaling. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:617-630. [PMID: 35588172 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by the deterioration of cartilage and subchondral bone in the joints. Currently, there is no complete cure for OA, only treatments designed to temporarily relieve pain and improve function. Compared with the high cost of surgical treatment, medical treatment of OA is more acceptable and cost-effective. Rutin, as a flavonoid, has been shown to have anti-OA properties. We evaluated the effects of rutin on chondrocytes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced OA and on OA in rats induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection. We found that rutin effectively reduced the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) and increased the expression of Col II and aggrecan (p < 0.001). In addition, we also found that rutin increased the expression of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and inhibited the expression of Rho-related coiled-coil protein kinase (ROCK) in chondrocytes (p < 0.05), thereby effectively inhibiting the inflammatory progression of OA. We concluded that rutin inhibits the inflammatory progression of OA through the CBS-mediated RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yichao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyu Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiyue Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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9
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Cirino G, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues and organs. Physiol Rev 2022; 103:31-276. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
H2S belongs to the class of molecules known as gasotransmitters, which also includes nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Three enzymes are recognized as endogenous sources of H2S in various cells and tissues: cystathionine g-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). The current article reviews the regulation of these enzymes as well as the pathways of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation and elimination. The multiple interactions of H2S with other labile endogenous molecules (e.g. NO) and reactive oxygen species are also outlined. The various biological targets and signaling pathways are discussed, with special reference to H2S and oxidative posttranscriptional modification of proteins, the effect of H2S on channels and intracellular second messenger pathways, the regulation of gene transcription and translation and the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. The pharmacological and molecular tools currently available to study H2S physiology are also reviewed, including their utility and limitations. In subsequent sections, the role of H2S in the regulation of various physiological and cellular functions is reviewed. The physiological role of H2S in various cell types and organ systems are overviewed. Finally, the role of H2S in the regulation of various organ functions is discussed as well as the characteristic bell-shaped biphasic effects of H2S. In addition, key pathophysiological aspects, debated areas, and future research and translational areas are identified A wide array of significant roles of H2S in the physiological regulation of all organ functions emerges from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece & Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
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10
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Yang B, Yin C, Zhang Y, Xing G, Wang S, Li F, Aschner M, Lu R. Differential effects of subchronic acrylonitrile exposure on hydrogen sulfide levels in rat blood, brain, and liver. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:374-384. [PMID: 35510234 PMCID: PMC9052317 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as the third gasotransmitter participates in both cellular physiological and pathological processes, including chemical-induced injuries. We recently reported acute acrylonitrile (AN) treatment inhibited endogenous H2S biosynthesis pathway in rat and astrocyte models. However, there is still no evidence to address the correlation between endogenous H2S and sub-chronic AN exposure. Objectives This study aims to explore the modulatory effects of prolonged AN exposure on endogenous H2S levels and its biosynthetic enzymes in rat blood, brain and liver. Methods A total of 50 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including the control group and AN-treated groups at dosages of 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg. Rats received one exposure/day, 5 days/week, for 4 consecutive weeks. The rat bodyweight and brain/liver organ coefficient were detected, along with liver cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1) expression. In addition, the H2S contents in rat serum and plasma, and in cerebral cortex and liver tissues were measured by methylene blue method. The expression of H2S-generating enzymes, including cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST) was also measured with Western blot both in rat cerebral cortex and liver. Results Subchronic exposure to AN significantly inhibited bodyweight-gain and increased the liver CYP2E1 expression compared with the control. In addition, AN significantly increased H2S levels in rat plasma and serum, but not in liver. The endogenous H2S level in rat cerebral cortex was also significantly increased upon AN treatment, when expression of the major H2S-generating enzymes, CBS and 3-MPST were significantly enhanced. However, hepatic protein levels of CBS and CSE were significantly increased, whereas hepatic levels of 3-MPST were significantly decreased. Conclusion This study showed that sub-chronic AN exposure increased endogenous H2S contents in rat blood and brain tissues, but not liver, which may be resulted from the distinct expression profile of H2S-producing enzymes in response to AN. The blood H2S contents may be applied as a potential novel biomarker for surveillance of chronically AN-exposed populations. Highlights Subchronic intraperitoneal exposure to acrylonitrile increased H2S content in rat blood and cerebral cortex, but not in liver.Distinct tissue expression profiles of H2S-producing enzymes contribute to the acrylonitrile-induced differential effects on the H2S level.Blood H2S level may be a biomarker for subchronic exposure to acrylonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobo Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Changsheng Yin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Guangwei Xing
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rongzhu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
- Center for Experimental Research, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital to Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215300, China
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11
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Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates the Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease Rats via Promoting Hippocampal Microglia M2 Polarization by Enhancement of Hippocampal Warburg Effect. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2792348. [PMID: 35028004 PMCID: PMC8752224 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2792348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Identification of innovative therapeutic targets for the treatment of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) is urgently needed. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in cognitive function. Therefore, this work is aimed at investigating whether H2S attenuates the cognitive impairment in PD and the underlying mechanisms. In the rotenone- (ROT-) established PD rat model, NaHS (a donor of H2S) attenuated the cognitive impairment and promoted microglia polarization from M1 towards M2 in the hippocampus of PD rats. NaHS also dramatically upregulated the Warburg effect in the hippocampus of PD rats. 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG, an inhibitor of the Warburg effect) abolished NaHS-upregulated Warburg effect in the hippocampus of PD rats. Moreover, the inhibited hippocampal Warburg effect by 2-DG abrogated H2S-excited the enhancement of hippocampal microglia M2 polarization and the improvement of cognitive function in ROT-exposed rats. Our data demonstrated that H2S inhibits the cognitive dysfunction in PD via promoting microglia M2 polarization by enhancement of hippocampal Warburg effect.
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12
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Liu Z, Zhu Z, He Y, Kang Q, Li F, Zhang W, He Y, Lin Y, Huang B, Mo M, Xu P, Zhu X. A Novel Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Reduces Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus and Regulates Microglial Inflammatory Profile. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:780447. [PMID: 34924959 PMCID: PMC8674866 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.780447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders, there is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs for it. Recently, we synthesized a novel hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, which is found to reduce seizures in animal models effectively. But it remains to be determined for its mechanism. In the present study, we found that the novel H2S donor could reduce pilocarpine-induced seizures in mice. It alleviated the epileptic behavior, the hippocampal electroencephalography (EEG) activity of seizures, and the damage of hippocampal neurons in status epilepticus mice. In addition, the novel H2S donor could reduce microglial inflammatory response. It not only reduced the upregulation of pro-inflammatory markers [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)] in status epilepticus mice, but also increased the levels of microglial anti-inflammatory marker arginase-1 (Arg-1). In lipopolysaccharide-treated microglia BV2 cells, administration of the H2S donor also significantly reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of the expression of the pro-inflammatory markers and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers. Thus, the novel H2S donor regulates microglial inflammatory profile in status epilepticus mice and in vitro. These results suggested that the novel H2S donor can reduce seizures and regulate microglial inflammatory profile, which may be a novel mechanism and potential therapeutic strategy of the H2S donor anti-seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziting Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyun Kang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehua He
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwan Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoyi Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Mo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Hou XO, Tu HY, Qian HC, Li Q, Yang YP, Xu GQ, Wang F, Liu CF, Wang YL, Hu LF. AMPK S-sulfuration contributes to H 2S donors-induced AMPK phosphorylation and autophagy activation in dopaminergic cells. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105187. [PMID: 34534609 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) serves as a neuromodulator and regulator of neuroinflammation. It is reported to be therapeutic for Parkinson's disease (PD) animal and cellular models. However, whether it affects α-synuclein accumulation in dopaminergic cells, the key pathological feature in PD, is poorly understood. In this study we reported that exogenous H2S donors NaHS and GYY4137 (GYY) enhanced the autophagy activity, as indicated by the increases of autophagy marker LC3-II expression and LC3 dots formation even during lysosome inhibition in dopaminergic cell lines and HEK293 cells. The enhancement of H2S donors on autophagic flux was mediated by adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition, as H2S donors activated AMPK but reduced the mTOR activity and H2S donors-induced LC3-II increase was diminished by mTOR activator. Moreover, point mutation of Cys302 into alanine (C302A) in AMPKα2 subunit abolished the AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition, as well as autophagic flux increase elicited by NaHS. Interestingly, NaHS triggered AMPK S-sulfuration, which was not observed in AMPK C302A-transfected cells. Further, NaHS was able to attenuate α-synuclein accumulation in a cellular model induced by dopamine oxidized metabolite 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), and this effect was interfered by autophagy inhibitor wortmannin and also eliminated in AMPK Cys302A-transfected cells. In sum, the findings identified a role of Cys302 S-sulfuration in AMPK activation induced by exogenous H2S and demonstrated that H2S donors could enhance the autophagic flux via AMPK-mTOR signaling and thus reduce α-synuclein accumulation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ou Hou
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Hai-Yue Tu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Hai-Chun Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qian Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ya-Ping Yang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215008, China.
| | - Li-Fang Hu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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14
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Saclier M, Ben Larbi S, My Ly H, Moulin E, Mounier R, Chazaud B, Juban G. Interplay between myofibers and pro-inflammatory macrophages controls muscle damage in mdx mice. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272022. [PMID: 34471933 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic muscle disease characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis mediated by a pro-fibrotic macrophage population expressing pro-inflammatory markers. Our aim was to characterize cellular events leading to the alteration of macrophage properties and to modulate macrophage inflammatory status using the gaseous mediator hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Using co-culture experiments, we first showed that myofibers derived from mdx mice strongly skewed the polarization of resting macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Treatment of mdx mice with NaHS, an H2S donor, reduced the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages in skeletal muscle, which was associated with a decreased number of nuclei per fiber, as well as reduced myofiber branching and fibrosis. Finally, we established the metabolic sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a critical NaHS target in muscle macrophages. These results identify an interplay between myofibers and macrophages where dystrophic myofibers contribute to the maintenance of a highly inflammatory environment sustaining a pro-inflammatory macrophage status, which in turn favors myofiber damage, myofiber branching and establishment of fibrosis. Our results also highlight the use of H2S donors as a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the dystrophic muscle phenotype by dampening chronic inflammation. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielle Saclier
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Ben Larbi
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Ha My Ly
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Eugénie Moulin
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Rémi Mounier
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Chazaud
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Gaëtan Juban
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
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15
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Yang B, Zhao W, Yin C, Bai Y, Wang S, Xing G, Li F, Bian J, Aschner M, Cai J, Shi H, Lu R. Acute acrylonitrile exposure inhibits endogenous H 2S biosynthesis in rat brain and liver: The role of CBS/3-MPST-H 2S pathway in its astrocytic toxicity. Toxicology 2021; 451:152685. [PMID: 33486070 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as the third gasotransmitter molecule serves various biological regulatory roles in health and disease. Acrylonitrile (AN) is a common occupational toxicant and environmental pollutant, causing brain and liver damage in mammals. The biotransformation of AN is dependent-upon reduced glutathione (GSH), cysteine and other sulfur-containing compounds. However, the effects of AN on the endogenous H2S biosynthesis pathway have yet to be determined. Herein, we demonstrated that a single exposure to AN (at 25, 50, or 75 mg/kg for 1, 6 or 24 h) decreased the endogenous H2S content and H2S-producing capacity in a dose-dependent manner, both in the cerebral cortex and liver of rats in vivo. In addition, the inhibitory effects of AN (1, 2.5, 5, 10 mM for 12 h) on the H2S content and/or the expression of H2S-producing enzymes were also found both in primary rat astrocytes and rat liver cell line (BRL cells). Impairment in the H2S biosynthesis pathway was also assessed in primary rat astrocytes treated with AN. It was found that inhibition of the cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS)/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST)-H2S pathway with the CBS inhibitor or 3-MPST-targeted siRNA significantly increased the AN-induced (5 mM for 12 h) cytotoxicity in astrocytes. In turn, CBS activation or 3-MPST overexpression as well as exogenous NaHS supplementation significantly attenuated AN-induced cytotoxicity. Taken together, endogenous H2S biosynthesis pathway was disrupted in rats acutely exposed to AN, which contributes to acute AN neurotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobo Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Wenjun Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated People's Hospital to Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212002, China
| | - Changsheng Yin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Guangwei Xing
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Singapore University, 117597, Singapore
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jiyang Cai
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Lindsay, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Haifeng Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Rongzhu Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China; Center for Experimental Research, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital to Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215132, China.
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16
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Rahman MA, Glasgow JN, Nadeem S, Reddy VP, Sevalkar RR, Lancaster JR, Steyn AJC. The Role of Host-Generated H 2S in Microbial Pathogenesis: New Perspectives on Tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:586923. [PMID: 33330130 PMCID: PMC7711268 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.586923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was considered primarily as a poisonous gas and environmental hazard. However, with the discovery of prokaryotic and eukaryotic enzymes for H2S production, breakdown, and utilization, H2S has emerged as an important signaling molecule in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Hence, H2S is considered a gasotransmitter along with nitric oxide (•NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Surprisingly, despite having overlapping functions with •NO and CO, the role of host H2S in microbial pathogenesis is understudied and represents a gap in our knowledge. Given the numerous reports that followed the discovery of •NO and CO and their respective roles in microbial pathogenesis, we anticipate a rapid increase in studies that further define the importance of H2S in microbial pathogenesis, which may lead to new virulence paradigms. Therefore, this review provides an overview of sulfide chemistry, enzymatic production of H2S, and the importance of H2S in metabolism and immunity in response to microbial pathogens. We then describe our current understanding of the role of host-derived H2S in tuberculosis (TB) disease, including its influences on host immunity and bioenergetics, and on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth and survival. Finally, this review discusses the utility of H2S-donor compounds, inhibitors of H2S-producing enzymes, and their potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel N Glasgow
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sajid Nadeem
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Vineel P Reddy
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ritesh R Sevalkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jack R Lancaster
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Adrie J C Steyn
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Centers for AIDS Research and Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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17
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Dilek N, Papapetropoulos A, Toliver-Kinsky T, Szabo C. Hydrogen sulfide: An endogenous regulator of the immune system. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105119. [PMID: 32781284 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now recognized as an endogenous signaling gasotransmitter in mammals. It is produced by mammalian cells and tissues by various enzymes - predominantly cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) - but part of the H2S is produced by the intestinal microbiota (colonic H2S-producing bacteria). Here we summarize the available information on the production and functional role of H2S in the various cell types typically associated with innate immunity (neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils) and adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes) under normal conditions and as it relates to the development of various inflammatory and immune diseases. Special attention is paid to the physiological and the pathophysiological aspects of the oral cavity and the colon, where the immune cells and the parenchymal cells are exposed to a special "H2S environment" due to bacterial H2S production. H2S has many cellular and molecular targets. Immune cells are "surrounded" by a "cloud" of H2S, as a result of endogenous H2S production and exogenous production from the surrounding parenchymal cells, which, in turn, importantly regulates their viability and function. Downregulation of endogenous H2S producing enzymes in various diseases, or genetic defects in H2S biosynthetic enzyme systems either lead to the development of spontaneous autoimmune disease or accelerate the onset and worsen the severity of various immune-mediated diseases (e.g. autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis or asthma). Low, regulated amounts of H2S, when therapeutically delivered by small molecule donors, improve the function of various immune cells, and protect them against dysfunction induced by various noxious stimuli (e.g. reactive oxygen species or oxidized LDL). These effects of H2S contribute to the maintenance of immune functions, can stimulate antimicrobial defenses and can exert anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahzli Dilek
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Tracy Toliver-Kinsky
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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18
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Kumar M, Arora P, Sandhir R. Hydrogen Sulfide Reverses LPS-Induced Behavioral Deficits by Suppressing Microglial Activation and Promoting M2 Polarization. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 16:483-499. [DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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19
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Rabaneda-Lombarte N, Blasco-Agell L, Serratosa J, Ferigle L, Saura J, Solà C. Parkinsonian neurotoxicants impair the anti-inflammatory response induced by IL4 in glial cells: involvement of the CD200-CD200R1 ligand-receptor pair. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10650. [PMID: 32606391 PMCID: PMC7326927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides such as rotenone is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease. Dopaminergic neurons are especially sensitive to the toxicity of compounds that inhibit the mitochondrial respiratory chain such as rotenone and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). However, there is scarce information on their effects on glia. To evaluate whether these neurotoxicants affect the immune response of glia, primary mouse mixed glial and microglial cultures were treated with interleukin (IL) 4 in the absence and presence of MPP+ or rotenone. Using qRTPCR or western blot, we determined the expression of anti-inflammatory markers, the CD200R1 microglial receptor and its ligand CD200, and genes regulating glycolysis and oxidative metabolism. ATP and lactate levels were additionally determined as an index of cell metabolism. Microglial phagocytosis was also evaluated. MPP+ and rotenone clearly abrogated the IL4-induced expression of anti-inflammatory markers in mixed glial cultures. CD200 and CD200R1 expression and microglia phagocytosis were also affected by the neurotoxicants. Changes in the mRNA expression of the molecules regulating glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, as well as in ATP levels and lactate release suggested that metabolic reprogramming in response to MPP+ and rotenone differs between microglial and mixed glial cultures. These findings support the hypothesis that parkinsonian neurotoxicants may impair brain immune response altering glial cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Rabaneda-Lombarte
- Department of Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c/Rosselló 161, 6th Floor, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucas Blasco-Agell
- Department of Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c/Rosselló 161, 6th Floor, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Serratosa
- Department of Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c/Rosselló 161, 6th Floor, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ferigle
- Department of Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c/Rosselló 161, 6th Floor, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Saura
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Solà
- Department of Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c/Rosselló 161, 6th Floor, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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20
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Zuhra K, Augsburger F, Majtan T, Szabo C. Cystathionine-β-Synthase: Molecular Regulation and Pharmacological Inhibition. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E697. [PMID: 32365821 PMCID: PMC7277093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), the first (and rate-limiting) enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway, is an important mammalian enzyme in health and disease. Its biochemical functions under physiological conditions include the metabolism of homocysteine (a cytotoxic molecule and cardiovascular risk factor) and the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous biological mediator with multiple regulatory roles in the vascular, nervous, and immune system. CBS is up-regulated in several diseases, including Down syndrome and many forms of cancer; in these conditions, the preclinical data indicate that inhibition or inactivation of CBS exerts beneficial effects. This article overviews the current information on the expression, tissue distribution, physiological roles, and biochemistry of CBS, followed by a comprehensive overview of direct and indirect approaches to inhibit the enzyme. Among the small-molecule CBS inhibitors, the review highlights the specificity and selectivity problems related to many of the commonly used "CBS inhibitors" (e.g., aminooxyacetic acid) and provides a comprehensive review of their pharmacological actions under physiological conditions and in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Fiona Augsburger
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Tomas Majtan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
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21
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Sunzini F, De Stefano S, Chimenti MS, Melino S. Hydrogen Sulfide as Potential Regulatory Gasotransmitter in Arthritic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041180. [PMID: 32053981 PMCID: PMC7072783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The social and economic impact of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, explains the growing interest of the research in this field. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the endogenous gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were recently demonstrated in the context of different inflammatory diseases. In particular, H2S is able to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory mediations by lymphocytes and innate immunity cells. Considering these biological effects of H2S, a potential role in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), can be postulated. However, despite the growing interest in H2S, more evidence is needed to understand the pathophysiology and the potential of H2S as a therapeutic agent. Within this review, we provide an overview on H2S biological effects, on its role in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, on H2S releasing drugs, and on systems of tissue repair and regeneration that are currently under investigation for potential therapeutic applications in arthritic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Sunzini
- Institute of Infection Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University, Glasgow G31 8TA, UK;
- Rheumatology, Allergology and clinical immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpelier, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Susanna De Stefano
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Sole Chimenti
- Rheumatology, Allergology and clinical immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpelier, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0672594410
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22
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Zuo H, Wan Y. Metabolic Reprogramming in Mitochondria of Myeloid Cells. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010005. [PMID: 31861356 PMCID: PMC7017304 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloid lineage consists of multiple immune cell types, such as macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells. It actively participates in both innate and adaptive immunity. In response to pro- or anti-inflammatory signals, these cells undergo distinct programmed metabolic changes especially in mitochondria. Pro-inflammatory signals induce not only a simple shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, but also complicated metabolic alterations during the early and tolerant stages in myeloid cells. In mitochondria, a broken Krebs cycle leads to the accumulation of two metabolites, citrate and succinate, both of which trigger pro-inflammatory responses of myeloid cells. A deficient electron transport chain induces pro-inflammatory responses in the resting myeloid cells while it suppresses these responses in the polarized cells during inflammation. The metabolic reprogramming in mitochondria is also associated with altered mitochondrial morphology. On the other hand, intact oxidative phosphorylation is required for the anti-inflammatory functions of myeloid cells. Fatty acid synthesis is essential for the pro-inflammatory effect and glutamine metabolism in mitochondria exhibits the anti-inflammatory effect. A few aspects of metabolic reprogramming remain uncertain, for example, glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation in anti-inflammation. Overall, metabolic reprogramming is an important element of immune responses in myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yihong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-214-645-6062
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23
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Kumar M, Sandhir R. Hydrogen sulfide suppresses homocysteine-induced glial activation and inflammatory response. Nitric Oxide 2019; 90:15-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Leo BF, Fearn S, Gonzalez-Cater D, Theodorou I, Ruenraroengsak P, Goode AE, McPhail D, Dexter DT, Shaffer M, Chung KF, Porter AE, Ryan MP. Label-Free Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Sulfur-Producing Enzymes inside Microglia Cells following Exposure to Silver Nanowires. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11098-11107. [PMID: 31310103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There are no methods sensitive enough to detect enzymes within cells, without the use of analyte labeling. Here we show that it is possible to detect protein ion signals of three different H2S-synthesizing enzymes inside microglia after pretreatment with silver nanowires (AgNW) using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Protein fragment ions, including the fragment of amino acid (C4H8N+ = 70 amu), fragments of the sulfur-producing cystathionine-containing enzymes, and the Ag+ ion signal could be detected without the use of any labels; the cells were mapped using the C4H8N+ amino acid fragment. Scanning electron microscopy imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray chemical analysis showed that the AgNWs were inside the same cells imaged by TOF-SIMS and transformed chemically into crystalline Ag2S within cells in which the sulfur-producing proteins were detected. The presence of these sulfur-producing cystathionine-containing enzymes within the cells was confirmed by Western blots and confocal microscopy images of fluorescently labeled antibodies against the sulfur-producing enzymes. Label-free TOF-SIMS is very promising for the label-free identification of H2S-contributing enzymes and their cellular localization in biological systems. The technique could in the future be used to identify which of these enzymes are most contributory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bey Fen Leo
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K.,Central Unit for Advanced Research Imaging (CENTUARI), Faculty of Medicine , University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603 , Malaysia
| | - Sarah Fearn
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Cater
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine , 3 Chome-25-14, Tonomachi , Kawasaki 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Ioannis Theodorou
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Pakatip Ruenraroengsak
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Angela E Goode
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - David McPhail
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - David T Dexter
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine , 3 Chome-25-14, Tonomachi , Kawasaki 210-0821 , Japan
| | - Milo Shaffer
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K.,Department of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Kian F Chung
- Experimental Studies, National Heart & Lung Institute , Imperial College London , London SW3 6LY , U.K
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Mary P Ryan
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology , Imperial College London , Exhibition Road , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
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25
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McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH, DiNicolantonio JJ. A diet rich in taurine, cysteine, folate, B 12 and betaine may lessen risk for Alzheimer's disease by boosting brain synthesis of hydrogen sulfide. Med Hypotheses 2019; 132:109356. [PMID: 31450076 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gaseous physiological modulator hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been shown to exert a variety of neuroprotective effects. In particular, the treatment of transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with agents that release H2S aids preservation of cognitive function, suppresses brain production of amyloid beta, and decreases tau phosphorylation. The possible physiological relevance of these findings is suggested by the finding that brain and plasma levels of H2S are markedly lower in AD patients than matched controls. Hence, nutraceutical strategies which boost brain synthesis or levels of H2S may have potential for prevention of AD. The chief enzyme which synthesizes H2S in brain parenchyma, cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS), employs cysteine as its rate-limiting substrate, and is allosterically activated by S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Supplemental taurine has been shown to boost expression of this enzyme, as well as that of another H2S source, cystathionine gamma-lyase, in vascular tissue, and to enhance plasma H2S levels; in rats subjected to hemorrhagic stroke, co-administration of taurine has been shown to blunt a marked reduction in brain CBS expression. Brain levels of SAM are about half as high in AD patients as in controls, and this is thought to explain the reduction of brain H2S in these patients. These considerations suggest that supplementation with cysteine, taurine, and agents which promote methyl group availability - such as SAM, folate, vitamin B12, and betaine - may have potential for boosting brain synthesis of H2S and thereby aiding AD prevention. Indeed, most of these agents have already demonstrated utility in mouse AD models - albeit the extent to which increased H2S synthesis contributes to this protection remains unclear. Moreover, prospective epidemiology has associated low dietary or plasma levels of folate, B12, and taurine with increased dementia risk. Rodent studies suggest that effective nutraceutical strategies for boosting brain H2S synthesis may in fact have broad neuroprotective utility, possibly aiding prevention and/or control not only of AD but also Parkinson's disease and glaucoma, while diminishing the neuronal damage associated with brain trauma or stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, United States
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26
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Kanthasamy A, Jin H, Charli A, Vellareddy A, Kanthasamy A. Environmental neurotoxicant-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration: a potential link to impaired neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 197:61-82. [PMID: 30677475 PMCID: PMC6520143 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases worldwide, Parkinson's disease (PD) represents the second-most common neurodegenerative disease. PD is a progressive multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a marked loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and the formation of Lewy pathology in diverse brain regions. Although the mechanisms underlying dopaminergic neurodegeneration remain poorly characterized, data from animal models and postmortem studies have revealed that heightened inflammatory responses mediated via microglial and astroglial activation and the resultant release of proinflammatory factors may act as silent drivers of neurodegeneration. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated a positive association between the exposure to environmental neurotoxicants and the etiology of PD. Although it is unclear whether neuroinflammation drives pesticide-induced neurodegeneration, emerging evidence suggests that the failure to dampen neuroinflammatory mechanisms may account for the increased vulnerability to pesticide neurotoxicity. Furthermore, recent studies provide additional evidence that shifts the focus from a neuron-centric view to glial-associated neurodegeneration following pesticide exposure. In this review, we propose to summarize briefly the possible factors that regulate neuroinflammatory processes during environmental neurotoxicant exposure with a focus on the potential roles of mitochondria-driven redox mechanisms. In this context, a critical discussion of the data obtained from experimental research and possible epidemiological studies is included. Finally, we hope to provide insights on the pivotal role of exosome-mediated intercellular transmission of aggregated proteins in microglial activation response and the resultant dopaminergic neurodegeneration after exposure to pesticides. Collectively, an improved understanding of glia-mediated neuroinflammatory signaling might provide novel insights into the mechanisms that contribute to neurodegeneration induced by environmental neurotoxicant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Adhithiya Charli
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Anantharam Vellareddy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Anumantha Kanthasamy
- Parkinson's Disorder Research Laboratory, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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27
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Rabaneda-Lombarte N, Xicoy-Espaulella E, Serratosa J, Saura J, Solà C. Parkinsonian Neurotoxins Impair the Pro-inflammatory Response of Glial Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 11:479. [PMID: 30686998 PMCID: PMC6335390 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In the case of Parkinson's disease (PD), epidemiological studies have reported that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for its pathology. It has been suggested that some chemical agents, such as rotenone and paraquat, that inhibit the mitochondrial respiratory chain (in the same way as the PD mimetic toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, MPP+) are involved in the development of PD. However, although the neurotoxic effect of such compounds has been widely reported using in vivo and in vitro experimental approaches, their direct effect on the glial cells remains poorly characterized. In addition, the extent to which these toxins interfere with the immune response of the glial cells, is also underexplored. We used mouse primary mixed glial and microglial cultures to study the effect of MPP+ and rotenone on glial activation, in the absence and the presence of a pro-inflammatory stimulus (lipopolysaccharide plus interferon-γ, LPS+IFN-γ). We determined the mRNA expression of the effector molecules that participate in the inflammatory response (pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes), as well as the nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine production. We also studied the phagocytic activity of the microglial cells. In addition, we evaluated the metabolic changes associated with the observed effects, through the measurement of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and the expression of genes involved in the control of metabolic pathways. We observed that exposure of the glial cultures to the neurotoxins, especially rotenone, impaired the pro-inflammatory response induced by LPS/IFN-γ. MPP+ and rotenone also impaired the phagocytic activity of the microglial cells, and this effect was potentiated in the presence of LPS/IFN-γ. The deficit in ATP production that was detected, mainly in MPP+ and rotenone-treated mixed glial cultures, may be responsible for the effects observed. These results show that the response of glial cells to a pro-inflammatory challenge is altered in the presence of toxins inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, suggesting that the glial immune response is impaired by such agents. This may have relevant consequences for brain function and the central nervous system's (CNS's) response to insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Rabaneda-Lombarte
- Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Efren Xicoy-Espaulella
- Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Serratosa
- Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Saura
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Solà
- Department of Brain Ischemia and Neurodegeneration, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August-Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Jin MM, Wang F, Qi D, Liu WW, Gu C, Mao CJ, Yang YP, Zhao Z, Hu LF, Liu CF. A Critical Role of Autophagy in Regulating Microglia Polarization in Neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:378. [PMID: 30515090 PMCID: PMC6256089 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and autophagy dysfunction are closely related to the development of neurodegeneration such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the role of autophagy in microglia polarization and neuroinflammation is poorly understood. TNF-α, which is highly toxic to dopaminergic neurons, is implicated as a major mediator of neuroinflammation in PD. In this study, we found that TNF-α resulted in an impairment of autophagic flux in microglia. Concomitantly, an increase of M1 marker (iNOS/NO, IL-1β, and IL-6) expression and reduction of M2 marker (Arginase1, Ym1/2, and IL-10) were observed in TNF-α challenged microglia. Upregulation of autophagy via serum deprivation or pharmacologic activators (rapamycin and resveratrol) promoted microglia polarization toward M2 phenotype, as evidenced by suppressed M1 and elevated M2 gene expression, while inhibition of autophagy with 3-MA or Atg5 siRNA consistently aggravated the M1 polarization induced by TNF-α. Moreover, Atg5 knockdown alone was sufficient to trigger microglia activation toward M1 status. More important, TNF-α stimulated microglia conditioned medium caused neurotoxicity when added to neuronal cells. The neurotoxicity was further aggravated when Atg5 knockdown in BV2 cells but alleviated when microglia pretreatment with rapamycin. Activation of AKT/mTOR signaling may contribute to the changes of autophagy and inflammation as the AKT specific inhibitor perifosine prevented the increase of LC3II (an autophagic marker) in TNF-α stimulated microglia. Taking together, our results demonstrate that TNF-α inhibits autophagy in microglia through AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and autophagy enhancement can promote microglia polarization toward M2 phenotype and inflammation resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Jin
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Di Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wen-Wen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Mao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ping Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Fang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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29
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Yuan YQ, Wang YL, Yuan BS, Yuan X, Hou XO, Bian JS, Liu CF, Hu LF. Impaired CBS-H 2S signaling axis contributes to MPTP-induced neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 67:77-90. [PMID: 28774789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.07.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a novel neuromodulator, is linked to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. Exogenous application of H2S exerts neuroprotection via anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress in animal and cellular models of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the role of endogenous H2S and the contribution of its various synthases in PD remain unclear. In the present study, we found a decline of plasma and striatal sulfide level in 1-methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced PD mouse model. Interestingly, among the three H2S generating enzymes, only cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) expression was largely reduced in the striatum of MPTP-treated mice. The in vitro study confirmed a significant decrease of CBS expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-stimulated astrocytes and microglia, but not in neurons or SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells. Striatal CBS overexpression, elicited by stereotaxic delivery with Cbs gene using recombinant adeno-associated-virus (rAAV-Cbs), successfully enhanced the sulfide level in the striatum and partially rescued the MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in the midbrain. Specifically, striatal CBS overexpression alleviated the motor deficits and dopaminergic neuron losses in the nigro-striatal pathway, with a concomitant inhibition of glial activation in MPTP-treated mice. Furthermore, compared to rAAV-Vector, rAAV-Cbs injection reduced the aberrant accumulation of nitric oxide and 3-nitrotyrosine (an indicator of protein nitration) in the striatum of MPTP-treated mice. Notably, it also attenuated the increase of nitrated α-synuclein level in MPTP mice. The in vitro study demonstrated that lentivirus-mediated CBS overexpression elevated the sulfide generation in glial cells. Moreover, glial CBS overexpression offered protection to midbrain dopaminergic neurons through repressing nitric oxide overproduction in both glial and neuronal cells induced by MPP+. Taken together, our data suggest that impaired CBS-H2S axis may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD, and that modulation of this axis may become a novel therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Yuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Bao-Shi Yuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Hou
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Li-Fang Hu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psychiatric-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Main BS, Zhang M, Brody KM, Kirby FJ, Crack PJ, Taylor JM. Type‐I interferons mediate the neuroinflammatory response and neurotoxicity induced by rotenone. J Neurochem 2017; 141:75-85. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bevan S. Main
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Moses Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Kate M. Brody
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Francis J. Kirby
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Peter J. Crack
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Juliet M. Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
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Gonzalez-Carter DA, Leo BF, Ruenraroengsak P, Chen S, Goode AE, Theodorou IG, Chung KF, Carzaniga R, Shaffer MSP, Dexter DT, Ryan MP, Porter AE. Silver nanoparticles reduce brain inflammation and related neurotoxicity through induction of H 2S-synthesizing enzymes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42871. [PMID: 28251989 PMCID: PMC5333087 DOI: 10.1038/srep42871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are known to penetrate into the brain and cause neuronal death. However, there is a paucity in studies examining the effect of AgNP on the resident immune cells of the brain, microglia. Given microglia are implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), it is important to examine how AgNPs affect microglial inflammation to fully assess AgNP neurotoxicity. In addition, understanding AgNP processing by microglia will allow better prediction of their long term bioreactivity. In the present study, the in vitro uptake and intracellular transformation of citrate-capped AgNPs by microglia, as well as their effects on microglial inflammation and related neurotoxicity were examined. Analytical microscopy demonstrated internalization and dissolution of AgNPs within microglia and formation of non-reactive silver sulphide (Ag2S) on the surface of AgNPs. Furthermore, AgNP-treatment up-regulated microglial expression of the hydrogen sulphide (H2S)-synthesizing enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE). In addition, AgNPs showed significant anti-inflammatory effects, reducing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated ROS, nitric oxide and TNFα production, which translated into reduced microglial toxicity towards dopaminergic neurons. Hence, the present results indicate that intracellular Ag2S formation, resulting from CSE-mediated H2S production in microglia, sequesters Ag+ ions released from AgNPs, significantly limiting their toxicity, concomitantly reducing microglial inflammation and related neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Gonzalez-Carter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Parkinson’s Disease Research Unit, Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Bey Fen Leo
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Central Unit for Advanced Research Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pakatip Ruenraroengsak
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Angela E. Goode
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ioannis G. Theodorou
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK
| | - Raffaella Carzaniga
- Electron Microscopy Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Milo S. P. Shaffer
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Chemistry and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David T. Dexter
- Parkinson’s Disease Research Unit, Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mary P. Ryan
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexandra E. Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Jiang X, Feng X, Huang H, Liu L, Qiao L, Zhang B, Yu W. The effects of rotenone-induced toxicity via the NF-κB-iNOS pathway in rat liver. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:318-325. [PMID: 28110601 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1285972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone has been used as a pesticide for many years, it is an environmental poison reported to cause neurological diseases. However, the effects of rotenone on the rat liver are unclear, as are the mechanisms of toxicity. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups: control, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), rotenone low-dose (1 mg/kg), rotenone mid-dose (2 mg/kg) and rotenone high-dose (4 mg/kg). The treatments were orally administered daily for 28 days, we assessed health status, mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors, protein levels, nitric oxide (NO) content and histological changes. The results showed that body weight was significantly decreased in each rotenone group in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the control group. Rotenone significantly increased the mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in each rotenone group compared with the control group, except iNOS and TNF-α mRNA expression in the low-dose group. The protein levels of COX-2 were significantly higher in each rotenone group compared with the control group, NF-κB protein expression were significantly higher in the rotenone mid and high-dose groups, but not in the low-dose group, compared with the control group, similar changes were observed in NO content. Additionally, histological analysis revealed that the most severe tissue damage occurred in the high-dose group. These results indicated that rotenone has toxic effect in rat liver relating to inflammatory factors. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of rotenone hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Jiang
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Xinxin Feng
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Hui Huang
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Lin Liu
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Lu Qiao
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Binqing Zhang
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , China
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Gomez I, Ozen G, Deschildre C, Amgoud Y, Boubaya L, Gorenne I, Benyahia C, Roger T, Lesèche G, Galardon E, Topal G, Jacob MP, Longrois D, Norel X. Reverse Regulatory Pathway (H2S / PGE2 / MMP) in Human Aortic Aneurysm and Saphenous Vein Varicosity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158421. [PMID: 27362269 PMCID: PMC4928935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a mediator with demonstrated protective effects for the cardiovascular system. On the other hand, prostaglandin (PG)E2 is involved in vascular wall remodeling by regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities. We tested the hypothesis that endogenous H2S may modulate PGE2, MMP-1 activity and endogenous tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP-1/-2). This regulatory pathway could be involved in thinning of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and thickening of saphenous vein (SV) varicosities. The expression of the enzyme responsible for H2S synthesis, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and its activity, were significantly higher in varicose vein as compared to SV. On the contrary, the endogenous H2S level and CSE expression were lower in AAA as compared to healthy aorta (HA). Endogenous H2S was responsible for inhibition of PGE2 synthesis mostly in varicose veins and HA. A similar effect was observed with exogenous H2S and consequently decreasing active MMP-1/TIMP ratios in SV and varicose veins. In contrast, in AAA, higher levels of PGE2 and active MMP-1/TIMP ratios were found versus HA. These findings suggest that differences in H2S content in AAA and varicose veins modulate endogenous PGE2 production and consequently the MMP/TIMP ratio. This mechanism may be crucial in vascular wall remodeling observed in different vascular pathologies (aneurysm, varicosities, atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Gomez
- INSERM, U1148, Paris, 75018, France
- University Paris Nord, UMR-S1148, Paris, 75018, France
| | - Gulsev Ozen
- INSERM, U1148, Paris, 75018, France
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Gorenne
- AP-HP CHU X. Bichat, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMR-S1148, Paris, 75018, France
| | - Chabha Benyahia
- INSERM, U1148, Paris, 75018, France
- University Paris Nord, UMR-S1148, Paris, 75018, France
| | - Thomas Roger
- UMR 8601, LCBPT, CNRS-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Guy Lesèche
- INSERM, U1148, Paris, 75018, France
- AP-HP CHU X. Bichat, Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMR-S1148, Paris, 75018, France
| | - Erwan Galardon
- UMR 8601, LCBPT, CNRS-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Gokce Topal
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Dan Longrois
- INSERM, U1148, Paris, 75018, France
- AP-HP CHU X. Bichat, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, UMR-S1148, Paris, 75018, France
| | - Xavier Norel
- INSERM, U1148, Paris, 75018, France
- University Paris Nord, UMR-S1148, Paris, 75018, France
- * E-mail:
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Arecoline Induces Neurotoxicity to PC12 Cells: Involvement in ER Stress and Disturbance of Endogenous H2S Generation. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2140-8. [PMID: 27255601 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1929-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline is a major alkaloid of areca nut and has been effect on central nervous system. Although arecoline-induced neurotoxicity has been reported, the possible underlying neurotoxic mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Increasing evidences have shown that both excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and disturbance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production are involved in the pathophysiology of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. Here, the purpose of present study was to verify whether ER stress and the disturbance of endogenous H2S generation are also involved in arecoline-caused neurotoxicity. We found that treatment of PC12 cells with arecoline induced the down-regulation of cells viability and up-regulation of apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3, indicating the neurotoxic role of arecoline to PC12 cells. In addition, arecoline also increased the expression of Bax (pro-apoptotic protein) and attenuated the expression of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein) in PC12 cells. Simultaneously, arecoline caused excessive ER stress in PC12 cells, as evidenced by the up-regulations of Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase-12 expressions. Notably, the level of H2S in the culture supernatant and the expressions of cystathionine β-synthase and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (two major enzymes for endogenous H2S generation in PC12 cells) were also reduced by arecoline treatment. These results indicate that arecoline-caused neurotoxicity to PC12 cells is involved in ER stress and disturbance of endogenous H2S generation and suggest that the modulation of ER stress and endogenous H2S generation may be potential therapeutic approach in treatment of arecoline-caused neurotoxicity.
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Gypenoside Attenuates β Amyloid-Induced Inflammation in N9 Microglial Cells via SOCS1 Signaling. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:6362707. [PMID: 27213058 PMCID: PMC4861811 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6362707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing β amyloid- (Aβ-) induced microglial activation is believed to be effective in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia can be activated into classic activated state (M1 state) or alternative activated state (M2 state), and the former is harmful; in contrast, the latter is beneficial. Gypenoside (GP) is the major bioactive constituent of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, a traditional Chinese herb medicine. In this study, we hypothesized that GP attenuates Aβ-induced microglial activation by ameliorating microglial M1/M2 states, and the process may be mediated by suppressor of cell signaling protein 1 (SOCS1). In this study, we found that Aβ exposure increased the levels of microglial M1 markers, including iNOS expression, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 releases, and coadministration of GP reversed the increase of M1 markers and enhanced the levels of M2 markers, including arginase-1 (Arg-1) expression, IL-10, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) releases in the Aβ-treated microglial cells. SOCS1-siRNA, however, significantly abolished the GP-induced effects on the levels of microglial M1 and M2 markers. These findings indicated that GP attenuates Aβ-induced microglial activation by ameliorating M1/M2 states, and the process may be mediated by SOCS1.
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Salmina AB, Komleva YK, Szijártó IA, Gorina YV, Lopatina OL, Gertsog GE, Filipovic MR, Gollasch M. H2S- and NO-Signaling Pathways in Alzheimer's Amyloid Vasculopathy: Synergism or Antagonism? Front Physiol 2015; 6:361. [PMID: 26696896 PMCID: PMC4675996 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's type of neurodegeneration dramatically affects H2S and NO synthesis and interactions in the brain, which results in dysregulated vasomotor function, brain tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxia, development of perivascular inflammation, promotion of Aβ deposition, and impairment of neurogenesis/angiogenesis. H2S- and NO-signaling pathways have been described to offer protection against Alzheimer's amyloid vasculopathy and neurodegeneration. This review describes recent developments of the increasing relevance of H2S and NO in Alzheimer's disease (AD). More studies are however needed to fully determine their potential use as therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's and other forms of vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla B. Salmina
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Yulia K. Komleva
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - István A. Szijártó
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineBerlin, Germany
| | - Yana V. Gorina
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Olga L. Lopatina
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Galina E. Gertsog
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-YasenetskyKrasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Milos R. Filipovic
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular MedicineBerlin, Germany
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Hydrogen Sulfide: A Therapeutic Candidate for Fibrotic Disease? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:458720. [PMID: 26078807 PMCID: PMC4442291 DOI: 10.1155/2015/458720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases including chronic kidney disease, liver cirrhosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic disease account for 45% mortality in the developed countries and pose a great threat to the global health. Many great targets and molecules have been reported to be involved in the initiation and/or progression of fibrosis, among which inflammation and oxidative stress are well-recognized modulation targets. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the third gasotransmitter with potent properties in inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress in various organs. Recent evidence suggests that plasma H2S level is decreased in various animal models of fibrotic diseases and supplement of exogenous H2S is able to ameliorate fibrosis in the kidney, lung, liver, and heart. This leads us to propose that modulation of H2S production may represent a promising therapeutic venue for the treatment of a variety of fibrotic diseases. Here, we summarize and discuss the current data on the role and underlying mechanisms of H2S in fibrosis diseases related to heart, liver, kidney, and other organs.
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Segura-Aguilar J, Kostrzewa RM. Neurotoxin mechanisms and processes relevant to Parkinson's disease: an update. Neurotox Res 2015; 27:328-54. [PMID: 25631236 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism responsible for degenerative process in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unknown. One major advance in this field has been the discovery of several genes associated to familial PD, including alpha synuclein, parkin, LRRK2, etc., thereby providing important insight toward basic research approaches. There is an consensus in neurodegenerative research that mitochon dria dysfunction, protein degradation dysfunction, aggregation of alpha synuclein to neurotoxic oligomers, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and neuroinflammation are involved in degeneration of the neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons that are lost in the disease. An update of the mechanisms relating to neurotoxins that are used to produce preclinical models of Parkinson´s disease is presented. 6-Hydroxydopamine, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, and rotenone have been the most wisely used neurotoxins to delve into mechanisms involved in the loss of dopaminergic neurons containing neuromelanin. Neurotoxins generated from dopamine oxidation during neuromelanin formation are likewise reviewed, as this pathway replicates neurotoxin-induced cellular oxidative stress, inactivation of key proteins related to mitochondria and protein degradation dysfunction, and formation of neurotoxic aggregates of alpha synuclein. This survey of neurotoxin modeling-highlighting newer technologies and implicating a variety of processes and pathways related to mechanisms attending PD-is focused on research studies from 2012 to 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Segura-Aguilar
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, Casilla, 70000, Santiago 7, Chile,
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