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Kwok CTK, Chow FWN, Cheung KYC, Zhang XY, Mok DKW, Kwan YW, Chan GHH, Leung GPH, Cheung KW, Lee SMY, Wang N, Li JJ, Seto SW. Medulla Tetrapanacis water extract alleviates inflammation and infection by regulating macrophage polarization through MAPK signaling pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:393-404. [PMID: 37429999 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Medulla Tetrapanacis (MT) is a commonly used herb to promote lactation and manage mastitis in lactating mothers. However, its anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects are currently unknown. We hypothesized that MT water extract possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects by modulating macrophage polarization to reduce the release of inflammatory mediators and phagocytosis via inactivation of MAPKs pathways. The chemical composition of the MT water extract was analyzed by UPLC-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry. The anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties of the MT water extract were examined using LPS-stimulated inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus infection model in RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. The underlying mechanism of action of the MT water extract was also investigated. We identified eight compounds by UPLC-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry that are abundant within the MT water extract. MT water extract significantly suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in RAW 264.7 cells which was accompanied by the promotion of macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory towards anti-inflammatory phenotypes. MT water extract significantly suppressed the LPS-induced MAPK activation. Finally, MT water extract decreased the phagocytic capacity of the RAW 264.7 cells against S. aureus infection. MT water extract could suppress LPS-induced inflammation by promoting macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype. In addition, MT also inhibited the growth of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tsun-Ka Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Franklin Wang-Ngai Chow
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karry Yuen-Ching Cheung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Zhang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Kam-Wah Mok
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiu-Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gabriel Hoi-Huen Chan
- College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - George Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Wang Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sai-Wang Seto
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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Király J, Szabó E, Fodor P, Fejes Z, Nagy B, Juhász É, Vass A, Choudhury M, Kónya G, Halmos G, Szabó Z. Shikonin Causes an Apoptotic Effect on Human Kidney Cancer Cells through Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT Pathways. Molecules 2023; 28:6725. [PMID: 37764501 PMCID: PMC10534756 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Shikonin, the main ingredient in Chinese herbal medicine, is described as a novel angiogenesis inhibitor, and its anticancer effects have already been studied. Shikonin and its derivatives induce apoptosis and suppress metastasis, which further enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy. However, their mechanism of function has not been completely elucidated on human renal cancer cells. (2) Methods: In our study, CAKI-2 and A-498 cells were treated with increasing concentrations (2.5-40 µM) of shikonin, when colony formation ability and cytotoxic activity were tested. The changes in the expression of the main targets of apoptotic pathways were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The intracellular levels of miR-21 and miR-155 were quantified by RT-qPCR. (3) Results: Shikonin exerted a dose-dependent effect on the proliferation of the cell lines examined. In 5 µM concentration of shikonin in vitro elevated caspase-3 and -7 levels, the proteins of the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways were activated. However, no significant changes were detected in the miR-21 and miR-155 expressions. (4) Conclusions: Our findings indicated that shikonin causes apoptosis of renal cancer cells by activating the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. These effects of shikonin on renal cancer cells may bear important potential therapeutic implications for the treatment of renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Király
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (J.K.); (P.F.); (A.V.); (G.K.); (G.H.)
| | - Erzsébet Szabó
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- HUN-RE-DE Pharmamodul Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Petra Fodor
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (J.K.); (P.F.); (A.V.); (G.K.); (G.H.)
| | - Zsolt Fejes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.F.); (B.N.J.)
| | - Béla Nagy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.F.); (B.N.J.)
| | - Éva Juhász
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Anna Vass
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (J.K.); (P.F.); (A.V.); (G.K.); (G.H.)
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77845, USA;
| | - Gábor Kónya
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (J.K.); (P.F.); (A.V.); (G.K.); (G.H.)
| | - Gábor Halmos
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (J.K.); (P.F.); (A.V.); (G.K.); (G.H.)
| | - Zsuzsanna Szabó
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (J.K.); (P.F.); (A.V.); (G.K.); (G.H.)
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3
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Borde C, Escargueil AE, Maréchal V. Shikonin, an inhibitor of inflammasomes, inhibits Epstein-Barr virus reactivation. Antiviral Res 2023; 217:105699. [PMID: 37549849 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a highly prevalent human herpesvirus that persists for life in more than 95% of the adult population. EBV usually establishes an asymptomatic life-long infection, but it is also associated with malignancies affecting B lymphocytes and epithelial cells mainly. The virus alternates between a latent phase and a lytic phase, both of which contribute to the initiation of the tumor process. So far, there is only a limited number of antiviral molecules against the lytic phase, most of them targeting viral replication. Recent studies provided evidence that EBV uses components of the NLRP3 inflammasome to enter the productive phase of its cycle following activation in response to various stimuli. In the present work, we demonstrate that shikonin, a natural molecule with low toxicity which is known to inhibit inflammasome, can efficiently repress EBV reactivation. Similar results were obtained with apigenin and OLT 1177, two other NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors. It is shown herein that shikonin repressed the transcription of reactivation-induced NLRP3 thereby inhibiting inflammasome activation and EBV lytic phase induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Borde
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75012, Paris, France.
| | | | - Vincent Maréchal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75012, Paris, France.
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4
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Hasankhani A, Bakherad M, Bahrami A, Shahrbabak HM, Pecho RDC, Shahrbabak MM. Integrated analysis of inflammatory mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs elucidates the molecular interactome behind bovine mastitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13826. [PMID: 37620551 PMCID: PMC10449796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is known as intramammary inflammation, which has a multifactorial complex phenotype. However, the underlying molecular pathogenesis of mastitis remains poorly understood. In this study, we utilized a combination of RNA-seq and miRNA-seq techniques, along with computational systems biology approaches, to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular interactome involved in mastitis. We retrieved and processed one hundred transcriptomic libraries, consisting of 50 RNA-seq and 50 matched miRNA-seq data, obtained from milk-isolated monocytes of Holstein-Friesian cows, both infected with Streptococcus uberis and non-infected controls. Using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) approach, we constructed co-expressed RNA-seq-based and miRNA-seq-based modules separately. Module-trait relationship analysis was then performed on the RNA-seq-based modules to identify highly-correlated modules associated with clinical traits of mastitis. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to understand the functional behavior of these modules. Additionally, we assigned the RNA-seq-based modules to the miRNA-seq-based modules and constructed an integrated regulatory network based on the modules of interest. To enhance the reliability of our findings, we conducted further analyses, including hub RNA detection, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, screening of hub-hub RNAs, and target prediction analysis on the detected modules. We identified a total of 17 RNA-seq-based modules and 3 miRNA-seq-based modules. Among the significant highly-correlated RNA-seq-based modules, six modules showed strong associations with clinical characteristics of mastitis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the turquoise module was directly related to inflammation persistence and mastitis development. Furthermore, module assignment analysis demonstrated that the blue miRNA-seq-based module post-transcriptionally regulates the turquoise RNA-seq-based module. We also identified a set of different RNAs, including hub-hub genes, hub-hub TFs (transcription factors), hub-hub lncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs), and hub miRNAs within the modules of interest, indicating their central role in the molecular interactome underlying the pathogenic mechanisms of S. uberis infection. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the molecular crosstalk between immunoregulatory mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs during S. uberis infection. These findings offer valuable directions for the development of molecular diagnosis and biological therapies for mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliakbar Hasankhani
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Maryam Bakherad
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Abolfazl Bahrami
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Hossein Moradi Shahrbabak
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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5
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Liang Y, Ju D, Liu W, Wu D, Zhao Y, Du Y, Li X, Zhao M. Natural Shikonin Potentially Alters Intestinal Flora to Alleviate Acute Inflammation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2139. [PMID: 37763983 PMCID: PMC10534322 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shikonin, derived from the herb Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Purple Cromwell), is extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent; however, its effect on the intestinal flora is not yet known. Herein, we demonstrate that, compared to a blank control group, the intragastric administration of shikonin suppressed the swelling rate of ears in a mouse model of acute inflammation in a dose-dependent manner via animal experiments; furthermore, the 20 mg/kg shikonin treatment exhibited the highest inhibitory effect. In formal animal experimentation, we discovered that the inhibitory effect of shikonin with 20 mg/kg on inflammation was closely linked to the intestinal flora, whereby the microbiota phylum was altered in feces through a 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, implying that shikonin improves gut microbiota structures and compositions to counteract inflammation. Notably, using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), a Western blotting assay, and an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, we found that inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β reduced in both the shikonin-administration group and the positive control group than those in the blank control group, as expected. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to outline the underlying mechanism through which shikonin acts on gut microbes to alleviate acute inflammation, providing an alternative mechanism for shikonin to become a preventive agent in countering inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.); (D.W.); (Y.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Dongen Ju
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China;
| | - Wenna Liu
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.); (D.W.); (Y.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Dan Wu
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.); (D.W.); (Y.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Yujia Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710086, China;
| | - Yaya Du
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.); (D.W.); (Y.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Xi Li
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.); (D.W.); (Y.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China; (Y.L.); (W.L.); (D.W.); (Y.D.); (X.L.)
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6
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Jia Q, Fu J, Gao C, Wang H, Wang S, Liang P, Han S, Lv Y, He L. MrgX2-SNAP-tag/cell membrane chromatography model coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for anti-pseudo-allergic compound screening in Arnebiae Radix. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5741-5753. [PMID: 35697810 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pseudo-allergic reactions (PARs) are IgE-independent hypersensitivity reactions. Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MrgX2) was proved the key receptor of PAR. The anti-pseudo-allergic compound discovery based on MrgX2 was of great value. Cell membrane chromatography (CMC) based on MrgX2 provides a convenient and effective tool in anti-pseudo-allergic compound screening and discovery, and further improvements of this method are still needed. In this work, SNAP-tag was introduced at C-terminal of Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor (MrgX2-SNAP-tag), and an MrgX2-SNAP-tag/CMC model was then conducted using CMC technique. Comparative experiments showed that the new model not only satisfied the good selectivity and specificity of screening but also exhibited more stable and longer life span than traditional MrgX2/CMC model. By coupling with HPLC-MS, two compounds were screened out from Arnebiae Radix and identified as shikonin and acetylshikonin. Nonlinear chromatography was performed to study the interactions between two screened compounds and MrgX2, and binding constant (KA) of shikonin and acetylshikonin with MrgX2 were 2075.67 ± 0.34 M-1 and 32201.36 ± 0.35 M-1, respectively. Furthermore, β-hexosaminidase and histamine release assay in vitro demonstrated that shikonin (1-5 μM) and acetylshikonin (2.5-10 μM) could both antagonize C48/80-induced allergic reaction. In conclusion, the MrgX2-SNAP-tag/CMC could be a reliable model for screening pseudo-allergy-related components from complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China
| | - Jia Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China
| | - Chunlei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China
| | - Saisai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China
| | - Peida Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China
| | - Shengli Han
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China
| | - Yanni Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China.
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76# Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbour, Xi'an, 710115, China.
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7
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Peng Y, Li Y, Li H, Yu J. Shikonin attenuates kidney tubular epithelial cells apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4/PTEN pathway in acute kidney injury of sepsis model. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1111-1124. [PMID: 35417044 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds were used in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis. This study investigated the function of shikonin from the roots of Arnebia purpurea in sepsis-induced AKI model. The target genes of shikonin were predicted by traditional Chinese medicine integrative database (TCMID). The markers of kidney injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological changes of kidney tubules were assessed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Apoptosis of kidney tubular epithelial cells (KTECs) was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. Protein expression was measured by western blot. Shikonin significantly improved kidney injury induced by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Besides, shikonin reduced KTECs apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, while augmented SOD and IL-10 levels. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase4 (NOX4) was predicted a target gene of shikonin. The expression of NOX4 was significantly inhibited in shikonin-treated group and the levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphate and dual specificity protein phosphate (PTEN) and p-p65 were decreased, while level of p-Akt was elevated. In vitro experiments, shikonin inhibited cell apoptosis, inflammatory, and ROS in human HK-2 cells and rat TECs. Shikonin downregulated expression of NOX4, PTEN and p-p65, and upregulated p-AKT and Bcl-2 expression in HK2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, overexpression of NOX4 enhanced the effect of LPS on the expression level of PTEN, p-p65, p-AKT, and Bcl-2, which was reversed by the addition of shikonin. Taken together, shikonin could improve sepsis-induced AKI in rats, and attenuate the LPS induced KTECs apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reaction via modulating NOX4/PTEN/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junhua Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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8
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Zonouz AM, Ghaffari, P, Pourreza A. Synthesis of Pyrimidine Hybrids Based on 4H-Pyran and 4H-Chromene Privileged Structures. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178619666220209154646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
A combinatorial library of pyrimidine hybrids based on 4H-chromene and 4H-pyran privileged structures have been developed by reaction of phenyl isothiocyanate with chromene derivatives 1a-j and pyranopyrazoles 2a-f in refluxing dry pyridine, respectively. Thus, the target pyrimidine hybrids 3a-j and 4a-f were obtained in good yields with a simple reaction strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleh Moshtaghi Zonouz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz - Iran
| | - Parisa Ghaffari,
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz - Iran
| | - Azita Pourreza
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz - Iran
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9
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Sun Q, Gong T, Liu M, Ren S, Yang H, Zeng S, Zhao H, Chen L, Ming T, Meng X, Xu H. Shikonin, a naphthalene ingredient: Therapeutic actions, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:153805. [PMID: 34749177 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin is one of the major phytochemical components of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Purple Cromwell), which is a type of medicinal herb broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine. It is well established that shikonin possesses remarkable therapeutic actions on various diseases, with the underlying mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and toxicological effects elusive. Also, the clinical trial and pharmaceutical study of shikonin remain to be comprehensively delineated. PURPOSE The present review aimed to systematically summarize the updated knowledge regarding the therapeutic actions, pharmacokinetics, toxicological effects, clinical trial and pharmaceutical study of shikonin. METHODS The information contained in this review article were retrieved from some authoritative databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google scholar, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database and so on, till August 2021. RESULTS Shikonin exerts multiple therapeutic efficacies, such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, cardiovascular protection, anti-microbiomes, analgesia, anti-obesity, brain protection, and so on, mainly by regulating the NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/MAPKs, Akt/mTOR, TGF-β, GSK3β, TLR4/Akt signaling pathways, NLRP3 inflammasome, reactive oxygen stress, Bax/Bcl-2, etc. In terms of pharmacokinetics, shikonin has an unfavorable oral bioavailability, 64.6% of the binding rate of plasma protein, and enhances some metabolic enzymes, particularly including cytochrome P450. In regard to the toxicological effects, shikonin may potentially cause nephrotoxicity and skin allergy. The above pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of shikonin have been validated by few clinical trials. In addition, pharmaceutical innovation of shikonin with novel drug delivery system such as nanoparticles, liposomes, microemulsions, nanogel, cyclodextrin complexes, micelles and polymers are beneficial to the development of shikonin-based drugs. CONCLUSIONS Shikonin is a promising phytochemical for drug candidates. Extensive and intensive explorations on shikonin are warranted to expedite the utilization of shikonin-based drugs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Liu Y, Zheng J, Chen Y, Wang F, Ye H, Wang M, Zhang Z. Shikonin protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in human nucleus pulposus cells through the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5583-5589. [PMID: 34646528 PMCID: PMC8497831 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of shikonin on human intervertebral disk degeneration. METHODS Human primary nucleus pulposus (NP) cells cultured in vitro were used for the experiments. The effects of different concentrations of shikonin (1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 µM) on the activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NP cells were determined using the CCK-8 assay, and the appropriate drug concentration was determined. The experiment was divided into the control, LPS, and LPS + shikonin groups. ELISA and Western blot were used to detect the expression of the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. NP cell apoptosis was measured using Western blot and caspase 3 activity. Western blot and immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the protein expression of p-P65 and P65 and the nuclear translocation of P65. RESULTS The CCK-8 assay showed that shikonin had no cytotoxic effect on NP cells and increased the activity of LPS-induced NP cells, especially at a concentration of 4 μM. Shikonin reversed the expression of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and apoptosis-related molecules Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase 3 in LPS-induced NP cells. In addition, shikonin significantly decreased apoptosis and caspase-3 activity in LPS-induced NP cells. Furthermore, shikonin treatment significantly inhibited the expression of p-P65 and nuclear translocation of P65, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway inhibitor Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium (PDTC) significantly enhanced the anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of shikonin in LPS-induced NP cells. CONCLUSION Shikonin significantly inhibited the inflammatory response and apoptosis of human primary NP cells, possibly through the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsSuining Central HospitalSuiningChina
| | - Jiazhuang Zheng
- Department of OrthopaedicsSuining Central HospitalSuiningChina
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsSuining Central HospitalSuiningChina
| | - Fandong Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsSuining Central HospitalSuiningChina
| | - He Ye
- Department of OrthopaedicsSuining Central HospitalSuiningChina
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsSuining Central HospitalSuiningChina
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of OrthopaedicsSuining Central HospitalSuiningChina
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11
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Wang J, Chen Z, Feng X, Yin L. Shikonin ameliorates injury and inflammatory response of LPS-stimulated WI-38 cells via modulating the miR-489-3p/MAP2K1 axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1775-1784. [PMID: 34089293 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pneumonia is an inflammatory disease induced by infection with different pathogens. Currently, multiple preclinical studies have revealed that shikonin, a natural naphthoquinone, can mitigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, but its underlying mechanism in pneumonia remains unknown. This research was designed to explore the function and regulatory mechanism of shikonin in LPS-induced cell injury and inflammation in WI-38 cells. In-vitro model of pneumonia was constructed by treating WI-38 cells with LPS. Expression of miR-489-3p and MAP2K1 was tested by RT-qPCR and (or) Western blot analysis. Cell viability was examined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide assay. The productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Cell apoptosis was detected by Western blot and flow cytometry analysis. In the current study, LPS induced WI-38 cell damage by inhibiting cell viability and promoting cell apoptosis and inflammation. Shikonin ameliorated LPS-induced cell injury and elevated miR-489-3p expression. LPS-induced inflammatory injury was further mitigated by upregulation of miR-489-3p. In addition, MAP2K1, the target of miR-489-3p, was upregulated by LPS. Furthermore, upregulation of MAP2K1 reversed the influence of shikonin and miR-489-3p mimics on LPS-induced cell injury and inflammation. This study revealed that shikonin protected WI-38 cells against LPS-induced cell injury and inflammatory response by regulating the miR-489-3p/MAP2K1 axis, thus affecting the progression of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health vocational college, Nanjing 211800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhujing Chen
- Department of Outpatient, Jurong People's Hospital, Zhenjiang 212400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojing Feng
- Department of Comprehensive ICU, Luoyang Central Hospital, Luoyang 471009, Henan, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Comprehensive ICU, Luoyang Central Hospital, Luoyang 471009, Henan, China
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12
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He JY, Li PH, Huang X, Sun YH, He XP, Huang W, Yu ZH, Sun HY. Molecular cloning, expression and functional analysis of NF-kB1 p105 from sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:103801. [PMID: 32739504 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family is evolutionary conserved and plays key roles in the regulation of numerous basic cellular processes. In this study, a sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota NF-κB1 p105 named HLp105 was first obtained. The full-length cDNA of HLp105 is 6564 bp long, with a 219 bp 5' untranslated region (UTR), a 2979 bp 3' UTR, and a 3366 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding for 1121 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 123.92 kDa and an estimated pI of 5.31. HLp105 protein contains the conserved domain RHD, IPT, ANK and DEATH. HLp105 mRNA can be detected in all tissues examined, with the highest level in the intestine, followed by the transverse vessel, rete mirabile, coelomocytes, respiratory tree, bolishiti, cuvierian tubules, body wall, oesophagus and muscle. Challenged by LPS or poly (I:C), the transcription level of HLp105 was apparently up-regulated in the tissues examined. Besides, Over-expression of HLp105 in HEK293T cells, the apoptosis was inhibited, and the cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were activated. The results are important for better understanding the function of NF-κB1 p105 in sea cucumber and reveal its involvement in immunoreaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yang He
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Pin-Hong Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xi Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yue-Hong Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Peng He
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zong-He Yu
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Hong-Yan Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Dioscin Improves Pyroptosis in LPS-Induced Mice Mastitis by Activating AMPK/Nrf2 and Inhibiting the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8845521. [PMID: 33488936 PMCID: PMC7790561 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8845521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, but its protective mechanism against mastitis is still unknown. NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis play important roles in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, including mastitis. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of dioscin on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced mastitis in vivo and in vitro and its mechanism of action. In vivo experiments, dioscin can reduce the inflammatory lesions and neutrophil motility in mammary tissue. Moreover, dioscin also can reduce the production of proinflammatory factors such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS-induced mice mastitis. In vitro experiments, the results showed that dioscin inhibited the inflammatory response and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, but the survival rate of mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) induced by LPS+ATP is increased. Subsequently, the experiment convinces that dioscin can reduce LPS+ATP-induced mMEC pyroptosis by adding Ac-DEVD-CHO (a caspase-3 inhibitor). Further mechanistic studies demonstrate that dioscin can activate AMPK/Nrf2 to inhibit NLRP3/GSDMD-induced mMEC pyroptosis. In summary, this paper reveals a novel function of dioscin on mMEC pyroptosis and provides a new potential therapy of dioscin for the treatment and prevention of mastitis.
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Khan MZ, Khan A, Xiao J, Ma Y, Ma J, Gao J, Cao Z. Role of the JAK-STAT Pathway in Bovine Mastitis and Milk Production. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112107. [PMID: 33202860 PMCID: PMC7697124 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The cytokine-activated Janus kinase (JAK)—signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway has an important role in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. In addition, the signaling of this pathway has been reported to be associated with mammary gland development and milk production. Because of such important functions, the JAK-STAT pathway has been widely targeted in both human and animal diseases as a therapeutic agent. Recently, the JAK2, STATs, and inhibitors of the JAK-STAT pathway, especially cytokine signaling suppressors (SOCSs), have been reported to be associated with milk production and mastitis-resistance phenotypic traits in dairy cattle. Thus, in the current review, we attempt to overview the development of the JAK-STAT pathway role in bovine mastitis and milk production. Abstract The cytokine-activated Janus kinase (JAK)—signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is a sequence of communications between proteins in a cell, and it is associated with various processes such as cell division, apoptosis, mammary gland development, lactation, anti-inflammation, and immunity. The pathway is involved in transferring information from receptors on the cell surface to the cell nucleus, resulting in the regulation of genes through transcription. The Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription A and B (STAT5 A & B), STAT1, and cytokine signaling suppressor 3 (SOCS3) are the key members of the JAK-STAT pathway. Interestingly, prolactin (Prl) also uses the JAK-STAT pathway to regulate milk production traits in dairy cattle. The activation of JAK2 and STATs genes has a critical role in milk production and mastitis resistance. The upregulation of SOCS3 in bovine mammary epithelial cells inhibits the activation of JAK2 and STATs genes, which promotes mastitis development and reduces the lactational performance of dairy cattle. In the current review, we highlight the recent development in the knowledge of JAK-STAT, which will enhance our ability to devise therapeutic strategies for bovine mastitis control. Furthermore, the review also explores the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in the regulation of milk production in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Jianxin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Yulin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Jiaying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-62733746
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Wang B, Wu Z, Wang J, Li W, Liu G, Zhang B, Tang Y. Insights into the mechanism of Arnebia euchroma on leukemia via network pharmacology approach. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:322. [PMID: 33109189 PMCID: PMC7590697 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arnebia euchroma (A. euchroma) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of blood diseases including leukemia. In recent years, many studies have been conducted on the anti-tumor effect of shikonin and its derivatives, the major active components of A. euchroma. However, the underlying mechanism of action (MoA) for all the components of A. euchroma on leukemia has not been explored systematically. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the MoA of A. euchroma on leukemia via network pharmacology approach. Firstly, the chemical components and their concentrations in A. euchroma as well as leukemia-related targets were collected. Next, we predicted compound-target interactions (CTIs) with our balanced substructure-drug-target network-based inference (bSDTNBI) method. The known and predicted targets of A. euchroma and leukemia-related targets were merged together to construct A. euchroma-leukemia protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network. Then, weighted compound-target bipartite network was constructed according to combination of eight central attributes with concentration information through Cytoscape. Additionally, molecular docking simulation was performed to calculate whether the components and predicted targets have interactions or not. RESULTS A total of 65 components of A. euchroma were obtained and 27 of them with concentration information, which were involved in 157 targets and 779 compound-target interactions (CTIs). Following the calculation of eight central attributes of targets in A. euchroma-leukemia PPI network, 37 targets with all central attributes greater than the median values were selected to construct the weighted compound-target bipartite network and do the KEGG pathway analysis. We found that A. euchroma candidate targets were significantly associated with several apoptosis and inflammation-related biological pathways, such as MAPK signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, IL-17 signaling, and T cell receptor signaling pathways. Moreover, molecular docking simulation demonstrated that there were eight pairs of predicted CTIs had the strong binding free energy. CONCLUSIONS This study deciphered that the efficacy of A. euchroma in the treatment of leukemia might be attributed to 10 targets and 14 components, which were associated with inhibiting leukemia cell survival and inducing apoptosis, relieving inflammatory environment and inhibiting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biting Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zengrui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Jiye Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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16
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Chen Y, Xie Z, Zhang Y, Xia C, Yang M, Hu X. Shikonin relieves osteoporosis of ovariectomized mice by inhibiting RANKL-induced NF-κB and NFAT pathways. Exp Cell Res 2020; 394:112115. [PMID: 32473224 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is very common in women. Currently, many kinds of new drugs are being developed for this disease. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is closely related to overactivity of osteoclasts in body. Shikonin is purple red naphthoquinone pigment extracted from lithospermum, which has anti-inflammation, antivirus, anticancer and other bioactivities. At the same time, it has been proved that shikonin can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, but its influence on osteoclasts and molecular mechanism are unknown. Our study showed that shikonin could inhibit the activity and formation of RANKL-mediated osteoclasts depending on dose without affecting the activity of bone marrow macrophages (BMM). In addition, we have also found that shikonin can inhibit the expression of specific marker gene of osteoclasts, including nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), cathepsin K (Ctsk), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) and calcitonin receptor. Shikonin also could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1, increasing the expression of mRNA related to osteogenesis, like the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN). Luciferase reporter gene assay and Western blot analysis further indicated that shikonin could inhibit the activity of RANKL-induced NF-κB and NFAT receptors. Moreover, shikonin can also slow down bone loss of ovariectomized (OVX) mice by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts. This work explains the molecular mechanism of shikonin in RANKL-mediated formation of osteoclasts, and reveals the potential of further developing shikonin into a new drug for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Second Spinal Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421000, China
| | - Zhong Xie
- Second Spinal Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421000, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Second Spinal Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421000, China
| | - Chao Xia
- Second Spinal Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421000, China
| | - Mingzhi Yang
- Second Spinal Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421000, China
| | - Xiongke Hu
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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17
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Ma H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Guo W, Hu G, Xie S, Yang Z, Liu J, Fu S. Palmatine attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory response in mouse mammary epithelial cells through inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and Akt/NF-кB signalling pathways. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:183-190. [PMID: 32865324 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Palmatine has a wide range of pharmacological effects and anti-inflammatory function. However, the effect of palmatine on LPS-induced inflammatory response of mammary epithelial cells has not been reported. In this research, we studied the anti-inflammatory mechanism of palmatine in EpH4-Ev (mouse mammary epithelial cells). EpH4-Ev cells were pre-treated with palmatine and then incubated with LPS. Cells were collected for examining production of pro-inflammatory mediators by qRT-PCR, and the related inflammatory signalling pathway was detected through immunofluorescence and Western blot. The results found that palmatine could significantly reduce the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and COX-2 in EpH4-Ev cells. Research on mechanisms found that palmatine could significantly inhibit the protein levels of p-Akt, p-P65, p-ERK1/2 and p-P38 in EpH4-Ev cells. In conclusion, these data suggested that palmatine inhibits inflammatory response in LPS-induced EpH4-Ev cells via down-regulating Akt/ NF-кB, ERK1/2 and P38 signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shengnan Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanqing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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18
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Chen DB, Gao HW, Peng C, Pei SQ, Dai AR, Yu XT, Zhou P, Wang Y, Cai B. Quinones as preventive agents in Alzheimer's diseases: focus on NLRP3 inflammasomes. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1481-1490. [PMID: 32667050 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a hidden neurological degenerative disease, which main clinical manifestations are cognitive dysfunction, memory impairment and mental disorders. Neuroinflammation is considered as a basic response of the central nervous system. NLRP3 (Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain containing receptor 3) inflammasome is closely related to the occurrence of neuroinflammation. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in the release of cytokines, pore formation and ultimately pyroptosis, which has demonstrated one of the critical roles in AD pathogenesis. Inhibition of the activity of NLRP3 is one of the focuses of the research. Therefore, NLRP3 represents an attractive pharmacological target, and discovery compounds with good NLRP3 inhibitory activity are particularly important. KEY FINDINGS Quinones have good neuroprotective effects and prevent AD, which may be related to their regulation of inflammatory response. The molecular docking was used to explore 12 quinones with AD prevention and treatment and NLRP3. Docking results showed that the combination of anthraquinones and NLRP3 were the best, and the top two chemical compounds were Purpurin and Rhein, which are the most promising NLRP3 inhibitors. SUMMARY These quinones may provide the theoretical basis for finding lead compounds for novel neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Bao Chen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hua-Wu Gao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shao-Qiang Pei
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - An-Ran Dai
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Ting Yu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Biao Cai
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
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19
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Akhtar M, Guo S, Guo YF, Zahoor A, Shaukat A, Chen Y, Umar T, Deng PG, Guo M. Upregulated-gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) via TLRs following NF-κB and MAPKs in bovine mastitis. Acta Trop 2020; 207:105458. [PMID: 32243879 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is the inflammation of mammary glands which causes huge economic loss in dairy cows. Inflammation, any tissue injury and pathogens in cow udder activate Toll-like Receptors (TLRs). Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the major cause of mastitis. In mastitis, activated TLRs initiate the NF-κB/MAPKs pathways which further trigger the gene expression associated with mastitis followed by innate immune response. In this study, pathogenic-induced gene expression profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mammary gland tissues, was investigated in mastitis. The Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) results indicated severe histopathological changes in infected tissues. Western blot results suggested the over expressions of TLR2/TLR4 with NF-κB/MAPKs pathways activation in infected tissues. qRT-PCR results revealed the gene expression associated with TLR2/TLR4-mediated NF-κB/MAPKs pathways in infected tissues in comparison with non-infected. Statistical analysis of mRNA and relative protein expression levels indicated the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in infected tissues rather than non-infected tissues. These results suggested that the up-regulation of gene expression levels implicated the underlying regulatory pathways for proper immune function in mammary glands. In conclusion, our study might give new insights for investigation and better understanding of mammary gland pathophysiology and TLRs and NF-κB/MAPKs-mediated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Zahoor A, Yang Y, Yang C, Akhtar M, Guo Y, Shaukat A, Guo MY, Deng G. Gas6 negatively regulates the Staphylococcus aureus-induced inflammatory response via TLR signaling in the mouse mammary gland. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7081-7093. [PMID: 32052456 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-induced mastitis is the most frequent, pathogenic, and prevalent infection of the mammary gland. The ligand growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6) is a secretory protein that binds to and activates Tyro3, Axl, and MerTK receptors. This study explored the role of Gas6 in S. aureus-induced mastitis. Our results revealed that TLR receptors initiate the innate immune response in mammary gland tissues and epithelial cells and that introducing S. aureus activates TLR2 and TLR6 to drive multiple intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathways. Moreover, S. aureus also induces Gas6, which then activates the TAM receptor kinase pathway, which is related to the inhibition of TLR2- and TLR6-mediated inflammatory pathways through SOCS1 and SOCS3 induction. Gas6 absence alone was found to be involved in the downregulation of TAM receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory effects by inducing significantly prominent expression of TRAF6 and low protein and messenger RNA expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3. S. aureus-induced MAPK and NF-ĸB p65 phosphorylation were also dependent on Gas6, which negatively regulated the production of Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in S. aureus-treated mammary tissues and mammary epithelial cells. Our in vivo and in vitro study uncovered the Gas6-mediated negative feedback mechanism, which inhibits TLR2- and TLR6-mediated MAPK and NF-ĸB signaling by activating TAM receptor kinase (MerTK, Axl, and Tyro3) through the induction of SOCS1/SOCS3 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Zahoor
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfang Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yao Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Zhang H, Wu ZM, Yang YP, Shaukat A, Yang J, Guo YF, Zhang T, Zhu XY, Qiu JX, Deng GZ, Shi DM. Catalpol ameliorates LPS-induced endometritis by inhibiting inflammation and TLR4/NF-κB signaling. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 20:816-827. [PMID: 31489801 PMCID: PMC6751487 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Catalpol is the main active ingredient of an extract from Radix rehmanniae, which in a previous study showed a protective effect against various types of tissue injury. However, a protective effect of catalpol on uterine inflammation has not been reported. In this study, to investigate the protective mechanism of catalpol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs) and mouse endometritis, in vitro and in vivo inflammation models were established. The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and its downstream inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence techniques. The results from ELISA and qRT-PCR showed that catalpol dose-dependently reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, and chemokines such as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) and CXCL5, both in bEECs and in uterine tissue. From the experimental results of WB, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence, the expression of TLR4 and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 were markedly inhibited by catalpol compared with the LPS group. The inflammatory damage to the mouse uterus caused by LPS was greatly reduced and was accompanied by a decline in myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The results of this study suggest that catalpol can exert an anti-inflammatory impact on LPS-induced bEECs and mouse endometritis by inhibiting inflammation and activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhi-min Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-ping Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying-fang Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xin-ying Zhu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jin-xia Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gan-zhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- †E-mail:
| | - Dong-mei Shi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- †E-mail:
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Yang Y, Yang C, Guo YF, Liu P, Guo S, Yang J, Zahoor A, Shaukat A, Deng G. MiR-142a-3p alleviates Escherichia coli derived lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by targeting TAB2. Microb Pathog 2019; 136:103721. [PMID: 31494298 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung Injury (ALI) is the clinical syndrome of parenchymal lung disease, leading to an extremely high mortality. The pathogenesis of ALI is suggested to be a consequence of uncontrolled inflammation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice model is often used for the mechanism. Studies show that TGF-beta activated kinase 1 (MAP3K7) binding protein 1/2 (TAB2) plays a crucial role in LPS-induced inflammation response. Furthermore, microRNA-142a-3p (miR-142a-3p) has been observed to be involved in inflammation-induced disease. Thus, we investigated the role of miR-142a-3p and TAB2 on LPS-induced ALI, which involved the TLR4/TAB2/NF-κB signaling. ALI and normal lung tissues were collected to access the relative expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and miR-142a-3p. Histopathological examination and Wet to Dry weight ratios of lung tissues were used to access the establishment of ALI models. Raw264.7 cells were transfected with si-TAB2 or miR-142a-3p mimics to elucidate the role of TAB2 or miR-142a-3p in the inflammatory cascade in ALI. Additionally, the relationship between miR-142a-3p and TAB2 was validated by dual-luciferase report system. Our study discovered that miR-142-3p was up-regulated both in LPS-induced ALI mice model and RAW264.7 cells model. MiR-142a-3p mimics group experienced significant decrease in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines as a result of the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. Bioinformatics database showed that the adaptor protein, TAB2, was critical in this pathway and it is the target gene of miR-142a-3p. Their relation was first confirmed by us via dual-luciferase report system. Results of our study demonstrated that miR-142a-3p exerts as a protective role in LPS-induced ALI through down-regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Fang Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Arshad Zahoor
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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