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Paar M, Fengler VH, Reibnegger G, Schnurr K, Waterstradt K, Schwaminger SP, Stauber RE, Oettl K. Determination of binding characteristics as a measure for effective albumin using different methods. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023:130427. [PMID: 37454915 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transport functions of albumin are of clinical and pharmacological interest and are determined by albumin's properties like posttranslational modifications or bound ligands. Both are affected in pathological conditions and in therapeutic grade albumin solutions. The term effective albumin concentration was introduced as a measure of functionally intact albumin. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of ligands and modifications with different approaches as a measure of effective albumin. APPROACH & RESULTS We used a spin labelled fatty acid and dansylsarcosine to characterize binding properties of albumin i) prepared from plasma of patients and healthy control donors, ii) measured directly out of plasma, iii) research grade albumin, iv) in vitro modified albumin, and v) therapeutic infusion solutions before and after removal of stabilizers. Bilirubin is the main determinant for binding function in patients' albumin. In in vitro prepared albumin bound fatty acids correlated with impaired binding. Human nonmercaptalbumin1, not human nonmercaptalbumin2, showed reduced binding properties. Binding and transport function of therapeutic albumin was severely impaired and restored by filtration. Glycation of research grade albumin had no effect on the binding of dansylsarcosine and only a minor effect on fatty acid binding. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that effective albumin -in terms of binding properties- is primarily determined by bound ligands and only to a minor extent by posttranslational modifications. Characterizing albumin directly from plasma better reflects the physiological situation whereas in the case of therapeutic grade albumin stabilizers should be removed to make its binding properties accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margret Paar
- Medical University of Graz, Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Vera H Fengler
- University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gilbert Reibnegger
- Medical University of Graz, Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Kerstin Schnurr
- MedInnovation GmbH, Wissenschaftsstandort Berlin-Adlershof (WISTA), Groß-Berliner Damm 151, 12487 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Waterstradt
- MedInnovation GmbH, Wissenschaftsstandort Berlin-Adlershof (WISTA), Groß-Berliner Damm 151, 12487 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian P Schwaminger
- Medical University of Graz, Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf E Stauber
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Oettl
- Medical University of Graz, Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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2
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Wiedermann CJ. Hypoalbuminemia as Surrogate and Culprit of Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4496. [PMID: 33925831 PMCID: PMC8123513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoalbuminemia is associated with the acquisition and severity of infectious diseases, and intact innate and adaptive immune responses depend on albumin. Albumin oxidation and breakdown affect interactions with bioactive lipid mediators that play important roles in antimicrobial defense and repair. There is bio-mechanistic plausibility for a causal link between hypoalbuminemia and increased risks of primary and secondary infections. Serum albumin levels have prognostic value for complications in viral, bacterial and fungal infections, and for infectious complications of non-infective chronic conditions. Hypoalbuminemia predicts the development of healthcare-associated infections, particularly with Clostridium difficile. In coronavirus disease 2019, hypoalbuminemia correlates with viral load and degree of acute lung injury and organ dysfunction. Non-oncotic properties of albumin affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials. Low serum albumin is associated with inadequate antimicrobial treatment. Infusion of human albumin solution (HAS) supplements endogenous albumin in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and effectively supported antimicrobial therapy in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Evidence of the beneficial effects of HAS on infections in hypoalbuminemic patients without cirrhosis is largely observational. Prospective RCTs are underway and, if hypotheses are confirmed, could lead to changes in clinical practice for the management of hypoalbuminemic patients with infections or at risk of infectious complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J. Wiedermann
- Institute of General Practice, Claudiana–College of Health Professions, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and HTA, University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, 6060 Hall in Tyrol, Austria
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3
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Suo Z, Xiong X, Sun Q, Zhao L, Tang P, Hou Q, Zhang Y, Wu D, Li H. Investigation on the Interaction of Dabrafenib with Human Serum Albumin Using Combined Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulation: Exploring the Binding Mechanism, Esterase-like Activity, and Antioxidant Activity. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5637-5645. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zili Suo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xinnuo Xiong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qiaomei Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ludan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peixiao Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Quan Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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4
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Naveenraj S, Mangalaraja RV, Krasulyaa O, Syed A, Ameen F, Anandan S. A general microwave synthesis of metal (Ni, Cu, Zn) selenide nanoparticles and their competitive interaction with human serum albumin. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04316c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Simple microwave irradiation technique was used to synthesize a series of selenide nanoparticles (platelet-like NiSe nanoparticles, uniform CuSe nanorods, and distorted ZnSe nano-hexagons) and their competitive interaction with human serum albumin was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Naveenraj
- Advanced Ceramics and Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Department of Materials Engineering
- University of Concepcion
- Concepcion
- Chile
| | | | - Olga Krasulyaa
- Moscow State University of Technology and Management
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Sambandam Anandan
- Nanomaterials & Solar Energy Conversion Lab
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Tiruchirappalli 620015
- India
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5
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Ferrer R, Mateu X, Maseda E, Yébenes JC, Aldecoa C, De Haro C, Ruiz-Rodriguez JC, Garnacho-Montero J. Non-oncotic properties of albumin. A multidisciplinary vision about the implications for critically ill patients. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2017; 11:125-137. [PMID: 29219627 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1412827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effective resuscitation with human albumin solutions is achieved with less fluid than with crystalloid solutions. However, the role of albumin in today's critical care unit is also linked to its multiple pharmacological effects. Areas covered: The potential clinical benefits of albumin in select populations of critically ill patients like sepsis seem related to immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, antibiotic transportation and endothelial stabilization. Albumin transports many drugs used in critically ill patients. Such binding to albumin is frequently lessened in critically ill patients with hypoalbuminemia. These changes could result in sub-optimal treatment. Albumin has immunomodulatory capacity by binding several bacterial products. Albumin also influences vascular integrity, contributing to the maintenance of the normal capillary permeability. Moreover, the albumin molecule encompasses several antioxidant properties, thereby significantly reducing re-oxygenation injury, which is especially important in sepsis. In fact, most studies of albumin administration are a combination of a degree of resuscitation with a degree of maintenance or supplementation of albumin. Expert commentary: The potential clinical benefits of the use of albumin in selected critically ill patients such as sepsis seem related to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant properties, antibiotic transportation and endothelial stabilization. Additional studies are warranted to further elucidate the underlying physiologic and molecular rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricard Ferrer
- a Intensive Care Department , Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group (SODIR), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Xavier Mateu
- b Pharmacy Department , Hospital del Mar , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Emilio Maseda
- c Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Department , La Paz University Hospital , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - César Aldecoa
- e Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Department , Río Hortega Hospital , Valladolid , Spain
| | | | - Juan Carlos Ruiz-Rodriguez
- a Intensive Care Department , Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group (SODIR), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca , Barcelona , Spain
| | - José Garnacho-Montero
- g Unidad Clínica de Cuidados Intensivos , Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) , Sevilla , Spain
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6
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Naldi M, Baldassarre M, Domenicali M, Bartolini M, Caraceni P. Structural and functional integrity of human serum albumin: Analytical approaches and clinical relevance in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:138-153. [PMID: 28465079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant circulating plasma protein. Besides a significant contribution to the osmotic pressure, it is also involved in the fine regulation of many other physiological processes, including the balance of the redox state, the inflammatory and/or immunological responses, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of many drugs. Growing evidence suggests that HSA undergoes structural and functional damage in diseases characterized by an enhanced systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress, as it occurs in chronic liver disease. Based on their clinical relevance, this review provides a summary of the most common post-translational modifications affecting HSA structural integrity and functions and their clinical relevance in the field of liver disease. The review also provides a critical description of the analytical approaches employed for the investigation of conformational alterations and the identification/quantitation of specific post-translational modifications affecting HSA. Finally, the analytical methods available for the assessment of two of the most clinically relevant non-oncotic properties of HSA, namely the binding capacity and the antioxidant activity, are critically reviewed. Among the available techniques particular attention is given to those proposed for the in vitro and in vivo investigation of structurally modified albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Italy; Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Baldassarre
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy
| | - Marco Domenicali
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Italy
| | - Paolo Caraceni
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (C.R.B.A.), S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy.
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7
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Saoudi O, Ghaouar N, Othman T. Fluorescence study of laccase from Trametes versicolor under the effects of pH, chemical denaturants and ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Pavićević ID, Jovanović VB, Takić MM, Aćimović JM, Penezić AZ, Mandić LM. Quantification of total content of non-esterified fatty acids bound to human serum albumin. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 129:43-49. [PMID: 27394177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-esterified fatty acids bound to the human serum albumin (HSA) contribute to several HSAs properties of special concern in pathologies, for instance to the reactivity of the free HSA-Cys34 thiol group (important antioxidative thiol pool in plasma), and to the affinity for binding of molecules and ions (for example cobalt as a prominent biomarker in heart ischemia). Therefore, the method for determination of FAs bound to HSA was developed. FAs were released from HSA (previously isolated from serum by ammonium sulfate precipitation) using acidic copper(II) sulfate in phosphoric acid, extracted by n-heptane-chloroform (4:1, v/v) mixture, spotted on TL silica-gel and then developed with n-heptane-chloroform-acetic acid (5:3:0.3, v/v/v). Common office flatbed scanner and software solution for densitometric image analysis, developed in R, were used. The linearity of calibration curve in concentration range from 0.1 to 5.0mmol/L stearic acid was achieved. The method was proved to be precise (with RSD of 1.4-4.7%) and accurate. Accuracy was examined by standard addition method (recoveries 97.2-102.5%) and by comparison to results of GC. The method is sample saving, technically less demanding, and cheap, and therefore suitable for determination of FAs/HSA ratio when elevated concentrations of free FAs are reliable diagnostic/risk parameter of pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan D Pavićević
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11158, Serbia
| | - Vesna B Jovanović
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11158, Serbia
| | - Marija M Takić
- Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory for Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena M Aćimović
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11158, Serbia
| | - Ana Z Penezić
- INEP - Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Veterinary Science and Forestry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 381, Serbia
| | - Ljuba M Mandić
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade 11158, Serbia.
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9
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Identification of dityrosine cross-linked sites in oxidized human serum albumin. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1019:147-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Barshishat-Kupper M, McCart EA, Freedy JG, Tipton AJ, Nagy V, Kim SY, Landauer MR, Mueller GP, Day RM. Protein Oxidation in the Lungs of C57BL/6J Mice Following X-Irradiation. Proteomes 2015; 3:249-265. [PMID: 28248270 PMCID: PMC5217375 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes3030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to normal lung tissue is a limiting factor when ionizing radiation is used in clinical applications. In addition, radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis are a major cause of mortality following accidental radiation exposure in humans. Although clinical symptoms may not develop for months after radiation exposure, immediate events induced by radiation are believed to generate molecular and cellular cascades that proceed during a clinical latent period. Oxidative damage to DNA is considered a primary cause of radiation injury to cells. DNA can be repaired by highly efficient mechanisms while repair of oxidized proteins is limited. Oxidized proteins are often destined for degradation. We examined protein oxidation following 17 Gy (0.6 Gy/min) thoracic X-irradiation in C57BL/6J mice. Seventeen Gy thoracic irradiation resulted in 100% mortality of mice within 127-189 days postirradiation. Necropsy findings indicated that pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis were the leading cause of mortality. We investigated the oxidation of lung proteins at 24 h postirradiation following 17 Gy thoracic irradiation using 2-D gel electrophoresis and OxyBlot for the detection of protein carbonylation. Seven carbonylated proteins were identified using mass spectrometry: serum albumin, selenium binding protein-1, alpha antitrypsin, cytoplasmic actin-1, carbonic anhydrase-2, peroxiredoxin-6, and apolipoprotein A1. The carbonylation status of carbonic anhydrase-2, selenium binding protein, and peroxiredoxin-6 was higher in control lung tissue. Apolipoprotein A1 and serum albumin carbonylation were increased following X-irradiation, as confirmed by OxyBlot immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Our findings indicate that the profile of specific protein oxidation in the lung is altered following radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Barshishat-Kupper
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A McCart
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - James G Freedy
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Ashlee J Tipton
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Vitaly Nagy
- Operational Dosimetry Division, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
| | - Sung-Yop Kim
- Operational Dosimetry Division, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
| | - Michael R Landauer
- Radiation Countermeasures Program, Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA.
| | - Gregory P Mueller
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Regina M Day
- Department of Pharmacology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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11
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Cheng XX, Fan XY, Jiang FL, Liu Y, Lei KL. Resonance energy transfer, pH-induced folded states and the molecular interaction of human serum albumin and icariin. LUMINESCENCE 2015; 30:1026-33. [PMID: 25669664 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Icariin is a flavonol glycoside with a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. The pharmacological and biological functions of flavonoid compounds mainly originate from their binding to proteins. The mode of interaction of icariin with human serum albumin (HSA) has been characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy and far- and near-UV circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy under different pH conditions. Fluorescence quenching studies showed that the binding affinity of icariin with HSA in the buffer solution at different pH values is: Ka (pH 4.5) > Ka (pH 3.5) > Ka (pH 9.0) > Ka (pH 7.0). Red-edge excitation shift (REES) studies revealed that pH had an obvious effect on the mobility of the tryptophan microenvironment and the addition of icariin made the REES effect more distinct. The static quenching mechanism and number of binding sites (n ≈ 1) were obtained from fluorescence data at three temperatures (298, 304 and 310 K). Both ∆H(0) < 0 and ∆Ѕ(0) < 0 suggested that hydrogen bonding and van der Waal's interaction were major driving forces in the binding mechanism, and this was also confirmed by the molecular simulation results. The distance r between the donor (HSA) and the acceptor (icariin) was calculated based on Förster non-radiation energy transfer theory. We found that pH had little impact on the energy transfer between HSA and icariin. Far- and near-UV CD spectroscopy studies further indicated the influence of pH on the complexation process and the alteration in the protein conformation upon binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Lin Lei
- School of Chemistry and Food Sciences, Hubei University of Arts and Sciences, Xiangyang, 441053, People's Republic of China
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12
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Ghisaidoobe ABT, Chung SJ. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence in the detection and analysis of proteins: a focus on Förster resonance energy transfer techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22518-38. [PMID: 25490136 PMCID: PMC4284722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 510] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) occurs when the distance between a donor fluorophore and an acceptor is within 10 nm, and its application often necessitates fluorescent labeling of biological targets. However, covalent modification of biomolecules can inadvertently give rise to conformational and/or functional changes. This review describes the application of intrinsic protein fluorescence, predominantly derived from tryptophan (λ EX ≈ 280 nm, λ EM ≈ 350 nm), in protein-related research and mainly focuses on label-free FRET techniques. In terms of wavelength and intensity, tryptophan fluorescence is strongly influenced by its (or the proteinlocal environment, which, in addition to fluorescence quenching, has been applied to study protein conformational changes. Intrinsic Förster resonance energy transfer (iFRET), a recently developed technique, utilizes the intrinsic fluorescence of tryptophan in conjunction with target-specific fluorescent probes as FRET donors and acceptors, respectively, for real time detection of native proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang J Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
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