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Ni Y, Wu X, Yao W, Zhang Y, Chen J, Ding X. Evidence of traditional Chinese medicine for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus: from molecular mechanisms to clinical efficacy. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:592-606. [PMID: 39028269 PMCID: PMC11262228 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2374794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased significantly in recent decades. Despite numerous studies and systematic reviews, there is a gap in comprehensive and up-to-date evaluations in this rapidly evolving field. OBJECTIVE This review provides a comprehensive and current overview of the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in treating T2DM. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, CNKI, and Medline databases, with a search timeframe extending up to November 2023. The search strategy involved a combination of subject terms and free words in English, including 'Diabetes,' 'Traditional Chinese Medicine,' 'TCM,' 'Hypoglycemic Effect,' 'Clinical Trial,' and 'Randomized Controlled Trial.' The studies were rigorously screened by two investigators, with a third investigator reviewing and approving the final selection based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS A total of 108 relevant papers were systematically reviewed. The findings suggest that TCMs not only demonstrate clinical efficacy comparable to existing Western medications in managing hypoglycemia but also offer fewer adverse effects and a multitarget therapeutic approach. Five main biological mechanisms through which TCM treats diabetes were identified: improving glucose transport and utilization, improving glycogen metabolism, promoting GLP-1 release, protecting pancreatic islets from damage, and improving intestinal flora. CONCLUSIONS TCM has demonstrated significant protective effects against diabetes and presents a viable option for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. These findings support the further exploration and integration of TCM into broader diabetes management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Ni
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianglong Wu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhui Yao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuna Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuansheng Ding
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Precision Medicine Laboratory, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Gu S, Wang J, Yu S, Zhang S, Gao T, Yan D, Xie R, Gu M, Yu M, Zhang Z, Lou Z, Ding X, Chen Y, Li C. Berberine ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-induced bone loss by inhibiting ferroptosis. Bone 2024; 185:117114. [PMID: 38723878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may contribute to osteoporosis. Berberine is a traditional Chinese medicine and was recently shown to be beneficial in NAFLD. However, little is known about its impact on bone loss induced by NAFLD. AIM We aimed to explore the role of berberine in bone loss and determine its underlying mechanisms in NAFLD. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat high-fructose high-glucose diet (HFFGD) for 16 weeks to establish a NAFLD mouse model. The mice were administered berberine (300 mg/kg/d) by gavage, and fatty liver levels and bone loss indicators were tested. RESULTS Berberine significantly improved HFFGD-induced weight gain, hepatic lipid accumulation and increases in serum liver enzymes, thereby alleviating NAFLD. Berberine increased trabecular number (Tb. N), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), bone volume to tissue volume ratio (BV/TV), and decreased trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) and restored bone loss in NAFLD. Mechanistically, berberine significantly inhibited ferroptosis and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and transferrin (TF) levels and increased ferritin heavy chain (FTH) levels in the femurs of HFFGD-fed mice. Moreover, berberine also activated the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Berberine significantly ameliorates bone loss induced by NAFLD by activating the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 signaling pathway and inhibiting ferroptosis. Therefore, berberine may serve as a therapeutic agent for NAFLD-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Junzhuo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Siyi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Shunyao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Deyi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Runxiang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Mengli Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Mengli Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Zongkai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Zhongze Lou
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China.
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Alkanad M, Hani U, V AH, Ghazwani M, Haider N, Osmani RAM, M D P, Hamsalakshmi, Bhat R. Bitter yet beneficial: The dual role of dietary alkaloids in managing diabetes and enhancing cognitive function. Biofactors 2024; 50:634-673. [PMID: 38169069 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the rising prevalence of diabetes and its association with cognitive impairment, interest in the use of dietary alkaloids and other natural products has grown significantly. Understanding how these compounds manage diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is crucial. This comprehensive review explores the etiology of DCD and the effects of alkaloids in foods and dietary supplements that have been investigated as DCD therapies. Data on how dietary alkaloids like berberine, trigonelline, caffeine, capsaicin, 1-deoxynojirimycin, nuciferine, neferine, aegeline, tetramethylpyrazine, piperine, and others regulate cognition in diabetic disorders were collected from PubMed, Research Gate, Web of Science, Science Direct, and other relevant databases. Dietary alkaloids could improve memory in behavioral models and modulate the mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of these compounds, including their effects on glucose metabolism, gut microbiota, vasculopathy, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that dietary alkaloids hold promise for improving cognition in diabetic patients and could open exciting avenues for future research in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Alkanad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Annegowda H V
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, India
| | - Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazima Haider
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Pandareesh M D
- Center for Research and Innovations, Adichunchanagiri University, BGSIT, Mandya, India
| | - Hamsalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Cauvery College of Pharmacy, Cauvery Group of Institutions, Mysuru, India
| | - Rajeev Bhat
- ERA-Chair in Food By-Products Valorisation Technologies (VALORTECH), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
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Sun A, Yang H, Li T, Luo J, Zhou L, Chen R, Han L, Lin Y. Molecular mechanisms, targets and clinical potential of berberine in regulating metabolism: a review focussing on databases and molecular docking studies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1368950. [PMID: 38957396 PMCID: PMC11217548 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1368950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic imbalance is the common basis of many diseases. As natural isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine (BBR) has shown great promise in regulating glucose and lipids metabolism and treating metabolic disorders. However, the related mechanism still lacks systematic research. Aim: To discuss the role of BBR in the whole body's systemic metabolic regulation and further explore its therapeutic potential and targets. Method: Based on animal and cell experiments, the mechanism of BBR regulating systemic metabolic processes is reviewed. Potential metabolism-related targets were summarized using Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), DrugBank, GeneCards, and cutting-edge literature. Molecular modeling was applied to explore BBR binding to the potential targets. Results: BBR regulates the whole-body metabolic response including digestive, circulatory, immune, endocrine, and motor systems through adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), sirtuin (SIRT)1/forkhead box O (FOXO)1/sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf) 2/heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and other signaling pathways. Through these reactions, BBR exerts hypoglycemic, lipid-regulating, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, and immune regulation. Molecular docking results showed that BBR could regulate metabolism targeting FOXO3, Nrf2, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) 4 and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA). Evaluating the target clinical effects, we found that BBR has the therapeutic potential of anti-aging, anti-cancer, relieving kidney disease, regulating the nervous system, and alleviating other chronic diseases. Conclusion: This review elucidates the interaction between potential targets and small molecular metabolites by exploring the mechanism of BBR regulating metabolism. That will help pharmacologists to identify new promising metabolites interacting with these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aru Sun
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haoyu Yang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinli Luo
- China Traditional Chinese Medicine Holdings Co. Limited, Guangdong e-fong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital South Campus, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cui Y, Zhou Q, Jin M, Jiang S, Shang P, Dong X, Li L. Research progress on pharmacological effects and bioavailability of berberine. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03199-0. [PMID: 38888754 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid obtained from natural medicines such as coptidis rhizoma, has a wide range of pharmacological activities such as protecting the nervous system, protecting the cardiovascular system, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antitumor, antibacterial, and antidiarrheal. However, factors such as poor solubility, low permeability, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux, and hepatic-intestinal metabolism result in BBR having a low bioavailability (< 1%), which restricts its application in clinical settings. Therefore, improving its bioavailability is a prerequisite for its clinical applications. This review summarizes the various pharmacological effects of BBR and analyzes the main reasons for its poor bioavailability. It introduces methods to improve the bioavailability of BBR through the use of absorption enhancers and P-gp inhibitors, structural modification of BBR, and preparation of BBR salts and cocrystals as well as the development of new formulations and focuses on the bioavailability study of the new formulations of BBR. The research of BBR was also prospected in order to provide reference for the further research of BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Cui
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Quanying Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Min Jin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Siqi Jiang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peizhao Shang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofan Dong
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Di W, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Han L, Zhao L, Hao Y, Zhai Z. Heterologous expression of P9 from Akkermansia muciniphila increases the GLP-1 secretion of intestinal L cells. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:199. [PMID: 38727988 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) is an incretin hormone secreted primarily from the intestinal L-cells in response to meals. GLP-1 is a key regulator of energy metabolism and food intake. It has been proven that P9 protein from A. muciniphila could increase GLP-1 release and improve glucose homeostasis in HFD-induced mice. To obtain an engineered Lactococcus lactis which produced P9 protein, mature polypeptide chain of P9 was codon-optimized, fused with N-terminal signal peptide Usp45, and expressed in L. lactis NZ9000. Heterologous secretion of P9 by recombinant L. lactis NZP9 were successfully detected by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Notably, the supernatant of L. lactis NZP9 stimulated GLP-1 production of NCI-H716 cells. The relative expression level of GLP-1 biosynthesis gene GCG and PCSK1 were upregulated by 1.63 and 1.53 folds, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the secretory expression of carboxyl-terminal processing protease P9 from A. muciniphila in L. lactis. Our results suggest that genetically engineered L. lactis which expressed P9 may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes, obesity and other metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Di
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Luxuan Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100093, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhai
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, Henan, 462300, China.
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Yang WL, Zhang CY, Ji WY, Zhao LL, Yang FY, Zhang L, Cao X. Berberine Metabolites Stimulate GLP-1 Secretion by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:253-274. [PMID: 38351702 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is a principal component of Rhizoma coptidis known for its therapeutic potential in treating diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Despite the trace levels of BBR in plasma, it's believed that its metabolites play a pivotal role in its biological activities. While BBR is recognized to promote GLP-1 production in intestinal L cells, the cytoprotective effects of its metabolites on these cells are yet to be explored. The present study investigates the effects of BBR metabolites on GLP-1 secretion and the underlying mechanisms. Our results revealed that, out of six BBR metabolites, berberrubine (BBB) and palmatine (PMT) significantly increased the production and glucose-stimulated secretion of GLP-1 in GLUTag cells. Notably, both BBB and PMT could facilitate GLP-1 and insulin secretion and enhance glucose tolerance in standard mice. Moreover, a single dose of PMT could markedly increase plasma GLP-1 and improve glucose tolerance in mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet. In palmitic acid or TNF[Formula: see text]-treated GLUTag cells, BBB and PMT alleviated cell death, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, they could effectively reverse inflammation-induced inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway. In general, these insights suggest that the beneficial effects of orally administered BBR on GLP-1 secretion are largely attributed to the pharmacological activity of BBB and PMT by their above cytoprotective effects on L cells, which provide important ideas for stimulating GLP-1 secretion and the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Li Yang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yi Ji
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Yuan Yang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
| | - Xi Cao
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P. R. China
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Araj-Khodaei M, Ayati MH, Azizi Zeinalhajlou A, Novinbahador T, Yousefi M, Shiri M, Mahmoodpoor A, Shamekh A, Namazi N, Sanaie S. Berberine-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 and its mechanism for controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive pathway review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37921026 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2258559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: A growing number of studies have thus far showed the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the intestinal microbiome homoeostasis. As reported, the gut microflora can be significantly different in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) compared to those in healthy individuals.Methods: The authors collected the relevant articles published until 2022 and these are carefully selected from three scientific databases based on keywords.Discussion: This review highlights research on the anti-diabetic properties of berberine (BBR)-induced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), as a glucose-lowering factor and a balance regulator in the microbial flora of the intestines, which plays an important role in adjusting the signalling pathways affecting insulin secretion.Results: Considering the anti-diabetic characteristics of the BBR-induced GLP-1, BBR makes a promising complementary treatment for reducing the clinical symptoms of DM by reducing the hyperglycaemia. Berberin might be a safe and effective drug for T2DM with little or no adverse effects.HighlightsBerberine induces GLP-1 insulin secretion by PLC2 pathway in the intestinalBerberine-induced GLP-1 decreases mitochondrial stress and relocates cytochrome c out of the mitochondria.Berberine induces GLP-1 secretion in the intestine by altering the bacterial profile, thus could possibly lighten diabetes symptomsBerberine-induced SCFA production, SCFA causes GLP-1 secretion from the intestinal L-Cell.Preventing mitochondrial damage, reducing adipose tissue fat, and reducing oxidative stress are thus among the results of BBR-induced GLP-1.The lower costs of BBR, and its limited side effects and higher availability, make it a promising supplementary medicine for DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ayati
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Azizi Zeinalhajlou
- Department of Geriatric Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tannaz Novinbahador
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shiri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Shamekh
- Student Research Committee, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Shrivastava S, Sharma A, Saxena N, Bhamra R, Kumar S. Addressing the preventive and therapeutic perspective of berberine against diabetes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21233. [PMID: 38027723 PMCID: PMC10663750 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has emerged as one the leading detrimental factors for human life expectancy worldwide. The disease is mainly considered as outcome of dysregulation in glucose metabolism, resulting in consistent high glucose concentration in blood. At initial stages, the diabetes particularly type 2 diabetes, is manageable by lifestyle interventions such as regular physical activity and diet with less carbohydrates. However, in advance stage, regular intake of external insulin dose and medicines like metformin are recommended. The long-term consumption of metformin is associated with several side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, lectic acidosis etc., In this scenario, several plant-based medicines have shown promising potential for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Berberine is the bioactive compound present in the different plant parts of berberis family. Biochemical studies have shown that berberine improve insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Additionally, berberine induces glucose metabolism by activating AMPK signaling and inhibition of inflammation. A series of studies have demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of berberine at in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical trials. This review provides comprehensive details of preventive and therapeutic potential of berberine against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyesh Shrivastava
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur-482003, India
| | - Anamika Sharma
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical and Education and Research 500037, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nishant Saxena
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur-482003, India
| | - Rashmi Bhamra
- Global Research Institute of Pharmacy, Radour-135133, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Nagpur Road, Jabalpur-482003, India
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Utami AR, Maksum IP, Deawati Y. Berberine and Its Study as an Antidiabetic Compound. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:973. [PMID: 37508403 PMCID: PMC10376565 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that causes hyperglycemia conditions and leads to various chronic complications that causes death. The prevalence of diabetes is predicted to continue to increase, and with the high toxicity levels of current diabetes drugs, the exploration of natural compounds as alternative diabetes treatment has been widely carried out, one of which is berberine. Berberine and several other alkaloid compounds, including some of its derivatives, have shown many bioactivities, such as neuraminidase and hepatoprotective activity. Berberine also exhibits antidiabetic activity. As an antidiabetic compound, berberine is known to reduce blood glucose levels, increase insulin secretion, and weaken glucose tolerance and insulin resistance by activating the AMPK pathway. Apart from being an antidiabetic compound, berberine also exhibits various other activities such as being anti-adipogenic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Many studies have been conducted on berberine, but its exact mechanism still needs to be clarified and requires further investigation. This review will discuss berberine and its mechanism as a natural compound with various activities, mainly as an antidiabetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayudiah Rizki Utami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Iman Permana Maksum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Yusi Deawati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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Cortez-Navarrete M, Pérez-Rubio KG, Escobedo-Gutiérrez MDJ. Role of Fenugreek, Cinnamon, Curcuma longa, Berberine and Momordica charantia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040515. [PMID: 37111272 PMCID: PMC10145167 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease that has become a major global health concern. Given the efficacy of antidiabetic drugs, pharmacological therapy is considered the first-line treatment of T2DM; however, due to their potential side effects and high costs, new and cost-effective treatments with minimal side effects are needed. Medicinal plants have been used for centuries as part of traditional medicine to treat T2DM. Among these, fenugreek, cinnamon, Curcuma longa, berberine, and Momordica charantia have demonstrated different degrees of hypoglycemic activity in clinical studies and animal models. Therefore, the aim of this review is to synthesize the mechanisms of action of five medicinal plants, as well as the experimental and clinical evidence of their hypoglycemic activity from the published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Cortez-Navarrete
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Karina G. Pérez-Rubio
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Miriam de J. Escobedo-Gutiérrez
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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Li D, Feng G, Li Y, Pan H, Luo P, Liu B, Ding T, Wang X, Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang C. Benefits of Huang Lian mediated by gut microbiota on HFD/STZ-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1120221. [PMID: 36742405 PMCID: PMC9889990 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1120221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huang Lian (HL), one of the traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) that contains multiple active components including berberine (BBR), has been used to treat symptoms associated with diabetes for thousands of years. Compared to the monomer of BBR, HL exerts a better glucose-lowering activity and plays different roles in regulating gut microbiota. However, it remains unclear what role the gut microbiota plays in the anti-diabetic activity of HL. METHODS In this study, a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mouse model was induced with a six-week high-fat diet (HFD) and a one-time injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 75 mg/kg). One group of these mice was administrated HL (50 mg/kg) through oral gavage two weeks after HFD feeding commenced and continued for four weeks; the other mice were given distilled water as disease control. Comprehensive analyses of physiological indices related to glycolipid metabolism, gut microbiota, untargeted metabolome, and hepatic genes expression, function prediction by PICRUSt2 were performed to identify potential mechanism. RESULTS We found that HL, in addition to decreasing body fat accumulation, effectively improved insulin resistance by stimulating the hepatic insulin-mediated signaling pathway. In comparison with the control group, HL treatment constructed a distinct gut microbiota and bile acid (BA) profile. The HL-treated microbiota was dominated by bacteria belonging to Bacteroides and the Clostridium innocuum group, which were associated with BA metabolism. Based on the correlation analysis, the altered BAs were closely correlated with the improvement of T2DM-related markers. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the anti-diabetic activity of HL was achieved, at least partly, by regulating the structure of the gut microbiota and the composition of BAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangli Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Evaluation Center, Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Evaluation Center, Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Evaluation Center, Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Huibo Xu
- Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Evaluation Center, Jilin Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Li X, Geng-Ji JJ, Quan YY, Qi LM, Sun Q, Huang Q, Jiang HM, Sun ZJ, Liu HM, Xie X. Role of potential bioactive metabolites from traditional Chinese medicine for type 2 diabetes mellitus: An overview. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1023713. [PMID: 36479195 PMCID: PMC9719995 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1023713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease with persistent hyperglycemia primarily caused by insulin resistance (IR). The number of diabetic patients globally has been rising over the past decades. Although significant progress has been made in treating diabetes mellitus (DM), existing clinical drugs for diabetes can no longer fully meet patients when they face complex and huge clinical treatment needs. As a traditional and effective medical system, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a unique understanding of diabetes treatment and has developed many classic and practical prescriptions targeting DM. With modern medicine and pharmacy advancements, researchers have discovered that various bioactive metabolites isolated from TCM show therapeutic on DM. Compared with existing clinical drugs, these bioactive metabolites demonstrate promising prospects for treating DM due to their excellent biocompatibility and fewer adverse reactions. Accordingly, these valuable metabolites have attracted the interest of researchers worldwide. Despite the abundance of research works and specialized-topic reviews published over the past years, there is a lack of updated and systematic reviews concerning this fast-growing field. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the bioactive metabolites derived from TCM with the potential treatment of T2DM by searching several authoritative databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Springer Link. For the convenience of readers, the content is divided into four parts according to the structural characteristics of these valuable compounds (flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and others). Meanwhile, the detailed mechanism and future directions of these promising compounds curing DM are also summarized in the related sections. We hope this review inspires increasingly valuable and significant research focusing on potential bioactive metabolites from TCM to treat DM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Jia Geng-Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Yun Quan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu-Ming Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Mei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zi-Jian Sun
- Sichuan Ant Recommendation Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regimen and Health, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Izadparast F, Riahi-Zajani B, Yarmohammadi F, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Protective effect of berberine against LPS-induced injury in the intestine: a review. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:2365-2378. [PMID: 35852392 PMCID: PMC9645259 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory condition caused by an unbalanced immunological response to infection, which affects numerous organs, including the intestines. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; also known as endotoxin), a substance found in Gram-negative bacteria, plays a major role in sepsis and is mostly responsible for the disease's morbidity and mortality. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in a variety of plant species that has anti-inflammatory properties. For many years, berberine has been used to treat intestinal inflammation and infection. Berberine has been reported to reduce LPS-induced intestinal damage. The potential pathways through which berberine protects against LPS-induced intestinal damage by inhibiting NF-κB, suppressing MAPK, modulating ApoM/S1P pathway, inhibiting COX-2, modulating Wnt/Beta-Catenin signaling pathway, and/or increasing ZIP14 expression are reviewed.Abbreviations: LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TLR, Toll-like receptor; MD-2, myeloid differentiation factor 2; CD14, cluster of differentiation 14; LBP, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; MYD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated B cells; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; IL, interleukin; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Caco-2, cyanocobalamin uptake by human colon adenocarcinoma cell line; MLCK, myosin light-chain kinase; TJ, tight junction; IκBα, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK; GVB, gut-vascular barrier; ApoM, apolipoprotein M; S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial cadherin; AJ, adherens junction; PV1, plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein-1; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; Wnt, wingless-related integration site; Fzd, 7-span transmembrane protein Frizzled; LRP, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; TEER, transendothelial/transepithelial electrical resistance; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein; ZIP, Zrt-Irt-like protein; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; p-PPAR, phosphorylated-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; ATF, activating transcription factors; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase; SARA, subacute ruminal acidosis; IPEC-J2, porcine intestinal epithelial cells; ALI, acute lung injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Izadparast
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bamdad Riahi-Zajani
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A. Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Wang H, Zhang H, Gao Z, Zhang Q, Gu C. The mechanism of berberine alleviating metabolic disorder based on gut microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:854885. [PMID: 36093200 PMCID: PMC9452888 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.854885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With socioeconomic advances and improved living standards, metabolic syndrome has increasingly come into the attention. In recent decades, a growing number of studies have shown that the gut microbiome and its metabolites are closely related to the occurrence and development of many metabolic diseases, and play an important role that cannot be ignored, for instance, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease and others. The correlation between gut microbiota and metabolic disorder has been widely recognized. Metabolic disorder could cause imbalance in gut microbiota, and disturbance of gut microbiota could aggravate metabolic disorder as well. Berberine (BBR), as a natural ingredient, plays an important role in the treatment of metabolic disorder. Studies have shown that BBR can alleviate the pathological conditions of metabolic disorders, and the mechanism is related to the regulation of gut microbiota: gut microbiota could regulate the absorption and utilization of berberine in the body; meanwhile, the structure and function of gut microbiota also changed after intervention by berberine. Therefore, we summarize relevant mechanism research, including the expressions of nitroreductases-producing bacteria to promote the absorption and utilization of berberine, strengthening intestinal barrier function, ameliorating inflammation regulating bile acid signal pathway and axis of bacteria-gut-brain. The aim of our study is to clarify the therapeutic characteristics of berberine further and provide the theoretical basis for the regulation of metabolic disorder from the perspective of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengjuan Gu
- Shenzhen Hospital (Futian), Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Chengjuan Gu,
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Peng S, Liu L, Xie Z, Zhang X, Xie C, Ye S, Zhang X, Liang X, Wang H, Liu Y. Chinese Herbal Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863839. [PMID: 35833030 PMCID: PMC9271569 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with current evidence. Methods: This study was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42021271488. A literature search was conducted in eight electronic databases from inception to December 2021. The primary outcomes were lipid indices and liver functions, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST). Review Manager 5.2 and Stata v14.0 were applied for analysis. Results: The research enrolled 18 RCTs with 1,463 participants. Results showed CHM combined with western medicine (WM) was more effective than WM alone in TG (weighted mean differences (WMD) = -0.35.95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.51, -0.19], p < 0.0001), TC (WMD = -0.58.95%CI [-0.80, -0.36], p < 0.00001), LDL-C (WMD = -0.37, 95%CI [-0.47, -0.26], p < 0.00001), HDL-C (WMD = 0.20, 95%CI [0.10, 0.29], p < 0.0001), ALT (WMD = -4.99, 95%CI [-6.64, -3.33], p < 0.00001), AST (WMD = -4.76, 95%CI [-6.35, -3.16], p < 0.00001), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (WMD = -1.01, 95%CI [-1.22, -0.79], p < 0.00001), fasting blood glucose (WMD = -0.87, 95%CI [-1.13, -0.61], p < 0.00001), 2-h postprandial glucose (WMD = -1.45.95%CI [-2.00, -0.91], p < 0.00001), body mass index (WMD = -0.73.95%CI [-1.35, -0.12], p = 0.02), and overall effective rate (risk ratio (RR) = 1.37.95%CI [1.29, 1.46], p < 0.00001). Conclusion: The CHM in combination with WM seems to be more beneficial in T2DM with NAFLD patients in improving lipid and glucose metabolism, liver function, and insulin resistance as well as improving overall efficiency and reducing body weight. Given the poor quality of reports from these studies and uncertain evidence, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021271488, identifier CRD42021271488.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Peng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyan Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sha Ye
- No. 1 Orthopedics Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Xiaoli Liang
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Abo El-Enin HA, Elkomy MH, Naguib IA, Ahmed MF, Alsaidan OA, Alsalahat I, Ghoneim MM, Eid HM. Lipid Nanocarriers Overlaid with Chitosan for Brain Delivery of Berberine via the Nasal Route. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:281. [PMID: 35337079 PMCID: PMC8955068 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to design, optimize, and evaluate berberine-laden nanostructured lipid carriers overlaid with chitosan (BER-CTS-NLCs) for efficient brain delivery via the intranasal route. The nanostructured lipid carriers containing berberine (BER-NLCs) were formulated via hot homogenization and ultrasonication strategy and optimized for the influence of a variety of causal variables, including the amount of glycerol monostearate (solid lipid), poloxamer 407 (surfactant) concentration, and oleic acid (liquid lipid) amount, on size of the particles, entrapment, and the total drug release after 24 h. The optimal BER-NLCs formulation was then coated with chitosan. Their diameter, in vitro release, surface charge, morphology, ex vivo permeability, pH, histological, and in vivo (pharmacokinetics and brain uptake) parameters were estimated. BER-CTS-NLCs had a size of 180.9 ± 4.3 nm, sustained-release properties, positive surface charge of 36.8 mV, and augmented ex-vivo permeation via nasal mucosa. The histopathological assessment revealed that the BER-CTS-NLCs system is safe for nasal delivery. Pharmacokinetic and brain accumulation experiments showed that animals treated intranasally with BER-CTS-NLCs had substantially greater drug levels in the brain. The ratios of BER brain/blood levels at 30 min, AUCbrain/AUCblood, drug transport percentage, and drug targeting efficiency for BER-CTS-NLCs (IN) were higher compared to BER solution (IN), suggesting enhanced brain targeting. The optimized nanoparticulate system is speculated to be a successful approach for boosting the effect of BER in treating CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, through intranasal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadel A. Abo El-Enin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed H. Elkomy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim A. Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marwa F. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omar A. Alsaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Izzeddin Alsalahat
- Complement Biology Group, Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hussein M. Eid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt;
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Berberine, a Herbal Metabolite in the Metabolic Syndrome: The Risk Factors, Course, and Consequences of the Disease. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041351. [PMID: 35209140 PMCID: PMC8874997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the health of patients exposed to the consequences of the metabolic syndrome still requires the search for new solutions, and plant nutraceuticals are currently being intensively investigated. Berberine is a plant alkaloid possessing scientifically determined mechanisms of the prevention of the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, as well as cardiovascular complications and cancer. It positively contributes to elevated levels of fasting, postprandial blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin, while decreasing insulin resistance. It stimulates glycolysis, improving insulin secretion, and inhibits gluconeogenesis and adipogenesis in the liver; by reducing insulin resistance, berberine also improves ovulation. The anti-obesity action of berberine has been also well-documented. Berberine acts as an anti-sclerotic, lowering the LDL and testosterone levels. The alkaloid exhibits an anti-inflammatory property by stalling the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2. Berberine is neuroprotective and acts as an antidepressive. However, the outcomes in psychiatric patients are nonspecific, as it has been shown that berberine improves metabolic parameters in schizophrenic patients, acting as an adjuvant during antipsychotic treatment. Berberine acts as an anticancer option by inducing apoptosis, the cell cycle arrest, influencing MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), and influencing transcription regulation. The inhibition of carcinogenesis is also combined with lipid metabolism.
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Zhang L, Han L, Ma J, Wu T, Wei Y, Zhao L, Tong X. Exploring the synergistic and complementary effects of berberine and paeoniflorin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus by network pharmacology. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Xie F, Shen J, Liu T, Zhou M, Johnston LJ, Zhao J, Zhang H, Ma X. Sensation of dietary nutrients by gut taste receptors and its mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:5594-5607. [PMID: 34978220 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2021388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nutrients sensing is crucial for fundamental metabolism and physiological functions, and it is also an essential component for maintaining body homeostasis. Traditionally, basic taste receptors exist in oral cavity to sense sour, sweet, bitter, umami, salty and et al. Recent studies indicate that gut can sense the composition of nutrients by activating relevant taste receptors, thereby exerting specific direct or indirect effects. Gut taste receptors, also named as intestinal nutrition receptors, including at least bitter, sweet and umami receptors, have been considered to be activated by certain nutrients and participate in important intestinal physiological activities such as eating behavior, intestinal motility, nutrient absorption and metabolism. Additionally, gut taste receptors can regulate appetite and body weight, as well as maintain homeostasis via targeting hormone secretion or regulating the gut microbiota. On the other hand, malfunction of gut taste receptors may lead to digestive disorders, and then result in obesity, type 2 diabetes and gastrointestinal diseases. At present, researchers have confirmed that the brain-gut axis may play indispensable roles in these diseases via the secretion of brain-gut peptides, but the mechanism is still not clear. In this review, we summarize the current observation of knowledge in gut taste systems in order to shed light on revealing their important nutritional functions and promoting clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiakun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lee J Johnston
- West Central Research & Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Morris, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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He Q, Dong H, Guo Y, Gong M, Xia Q, Lu F, Wang D. Multi-target regulation of intestinal microbiota by berberine to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1074348. [PMID: 36465656 PMCID: PMC9715767 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1074348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications are major public health problems that seriously affect the quality of human life. The modification of intestinal microbiota has been widely recognized for the management of diabetes. The relationship between T2DM, intestinal microbiota, and active ingredient berberine (BBR) in intestinal microbiota was reviewed in this paper. First of all, the richness and functional changes of intestinal microbiota disrupt the intestinal environment through the destruction of the intestinal barrier and fermentation/degradation of pathogenic/protective metabolites, targeting the liver, pancreas, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), etc., to affect intestinal health, blood glucose, and lipids, insulin resistance and inflammation. Then, we focus on BBR, which protects the composition of intestinal microbiota, the changes of intestinal metabolites, and immune regulation disorder of the intestinal environment as the therapeutic mechanism as well as its current clinical trials. Further research can analyze the mechanism network of BBR to exert its therapeutic effect according to its multi-target compound action, to provide a theoretical basis for the use of different phytochemical components alone or in combination to prevent and treat T2DM or other metabolic diseases by regulating intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao He
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yujin Guo
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minmin Gong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingsong Xia
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Fuer Lu, ; Dingkun Wang,
| | - Dingkun Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Fuer Lu, ; Dingkun Wang,
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22
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Potencjalne możliwości wykorzystania berberyny w przeciwdziałaniu insulinooporności i w cukrzycy typu 2. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstrakt
Insulinooporność to stan zmniejszonej wrażliwości tkanek docelowych na działanie insuliny, mimo jej prawidłowego lub podwyższonego stężenia w surowicy krwi. Jest ważnym czynnikiem w patogenezie zespołu metabolicznego, w tym stanu przedcukrzycowego i cukrzycy typu 2, a także chorób sercowo-naczyniowych oraz zespołu policystycznych jajników. Wzrasta zainteresowanie wykorzystaniem środków pochodzenia roślinnego w leczeniu pacjentów z chorobami metabolicznymi. Jednymi z nich są rośliny z rodziny berberysowatych zawierające alkaloidy izochinolinowe, takie jak berberyna. Sugeruje się, iż berberyna może wpływać na zmniejszenie insulinooporności, gospodarkę węglowodanową oraz metabolizm lipidów. Naukowcy wykazali, że ten roślinny alkaloid może tłumić różnicowanie adipocytów i wspomagać redukcję masy ciała. Inne właściwości berberyny obejmują działanie hipotensyjne oraz ochronne wobec śródbłonka naczyniowego. W artykule skoncentrowano się przede wszystkim na przedstawieniu potencjalnych możliwości wykorzystania berberyny w przeciwdziałaniu insulinooporności w cukrzycy typu 2.
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Wang J, Wei LR, Liu YL, Ding CZ, Guo F, Wang J, Qin Q, Huang FJ, Xin Y, Ma SN, Zhai QR, Wang SJ, Qin GJ. Berberine activates the β-catenin/TCF4 signaling pathway by down-regulating miR-106b to promote GLP-1 production by intestinal L cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174482. [PMID: 34481875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Berberine facilitates the production of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) by intestinal L cells. Here, we aimed to reveal the mechanism of berberine facilitating the production of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells. In this study, we confirmed that the 100 mg/kg berberine daily through diet decreased the miR-106b expression and elevated the expressions of β-catenin and T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) in colon tissues of high-fat diet mice; berberine decreased the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in mouse serum samples; berberine decreased the blood glucose in the mouse tail vein blood and promoted GLP-1 production by intestinal L cells in mouse serum samples and elevated the GLP-1 expression in mouse colon tissues. Meanwhile, the mechanism analysis demonstrated that a dose of 100 μM berberine down-regulated the miR-106b expression by elevating the methylation levels of miR-106b in STC-1 cells and miR-106b bound to TCF4 in 293T cells. Moreover, the 100 mg/kg berberine daily through diet activated the β-catenin/TCF4 signaling pathway by decreasing miR-106b, thereby facilitating GLP-1 production in intestinal L cells through the in vivo assays. Conclusively, our experimental data illustrated that berberine decreased miR-106b expression by increasing its methylation levels and then activated the β-catenin/TCF4 signaling pathway, thereby facilitating GLP-1 production by intestinal L cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Li-Rui Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Ding
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Qin
- Physical Examination Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Xin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Sheng-Nan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Qiu-Ran Zhai
- Child Health Care Clinics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shou-Jun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Gui-Jun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, PR China.
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Theaflavins prevent the onset of diabetes through ameliorating glucose tolerance mediated by promoted incretin secretion in spontaneous diabetic Torii rats. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Zhao MM, Lu J, Li S, Wang H, Cao X, Li Q, Shi TT, Matsunaga K, Chen C, Huang H, Izumi T, Yang JK. Berberine is an insulin secretagogue targeting the KCNH6 potassium channel. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5616. [PMID: 34556670 PMCID: PMC8460738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Coptis chinensis is an ancient Chinese herb treating diabetes in China for thousands of years. However, its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we report the effects of its main active component, berberine (BBR), on stimulating insulin secretion. In mice with hyperglycemia induced by a high-fat diet, BBR significantly increases insulin secretion and reduced blood glucose levels. However, in mice with hyperglycemia induced by global or pancreatic islet β-cell-specific Kcnh6 knockout, BBR does not exert beneficial effects. BBR directly binds KCNH6 potassium channels, significantly accelerates channel closure, and subsequently reduces KCNH6 currents. Consequently, blocking KCNH6 currents prolongs high glucose-dependent cell membrane depolarization and increases insulin secretion. Finally, to assess the effect of BBR on insulin secretion in humans, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover, single-dose, phase 1 clinical trial (NCT03972215) including 15 healthy men receiving a 160-min hyperglycemic clamp experiment is performed. The pre-specified primary outcomes are assessment of the differences of serum insulin and C-peptide levels between BBR and placebo treatment groups during the hyperglycemic clamp study. BBR significantly promotes insulin secretion under hyperglycemic state comparing with placebo treatment, while does not affect basal insulin secretion in humans. All subjects tolerate BBR well, and we observe no side effects in the 14-day follow up period. In this study, we identify BBR as a glucose-dependent insulin secretagogue for treating diabetes without causing hypoglycemia that targets KCNH6 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Kohichi Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Haixia Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, China
| | - Tetsuro Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Jin-Kui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing Diabetes Institute, 100730, Beijing, China.
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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacological Activities of Berberine in Diabetes Mellitus Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9987097. [PMID: 34471420 PMCID: PMC8405293 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9987097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has good clinical application prospects in diabetes treatment. In addition, TCM is less toxic and/or has fewer side effects and provides various therapeutic effects. Berberine (BBR) is isolated as the main component in many TCM kinds (e.g., Rhizoma Coptidis and Berberidis Cortex). Furthermore, BBR can reduce blood sugar and blood fat, alleviate inflammation, and improve the state of patients. Based on the recent study results of BBR in diabetes treatment, the BBR pharmacokinetics and mechanism on diabetes are mainly studied, and the specific molecular mechanism of related experimental BBR is systematically summarized and analyzed. Clinical studies have proved that BBR has a good therapeutic effect on diabetes, suggesting that BBR may be a promising drug candidate for diabetes. More detailed BBR mechanisms and pathways of BBR need to be studied further in depth, which will help understand the BBR pharmacology in diabetes treatment.
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Ming J, Yu X, Xu X, Wang L, Ding C, Wang Z, Xie X, Li S, Yang W, Luo S, He Q, Du Y, Tian Z, Gao X, Ma K, Fang Y, Li C, Zhao J, Wang X, Ji Q. Effectiveness and safety of Bifidobacterium and berberine in human hyperglycemia and their regulatory effect on the gut microbiota: a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel-controlled study. Genome Med 2021; 13:125. [PMID: 34365978 PMCID: PMC8351344 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine and Bifidobacterium have been reported to improve glucose tolerance in people with hyperglycemia or other metabolic disorders. This study aimed to assess the hypoglycemic effect and the regulation of the gut microbiota caused by berberine and Bifidobacterium and the possible additive benefits of their combination. METHODS This was an 18-week, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled study of patients newly diagnosed with hyperglycemia. After a 2-week run-in period, 300 participants were randomly assigned to the following four groups for 16 weeks of treatment: berberine (Be), Bifidobacterium (Bi), berberine and Bifidobacterium (BB), and placebo group. The primary efficacy endpoint was the absolute value of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) compared with baseline after 16 weeks of treatment. RESULTS Between October 2015 and April 2018, a total of 297 participants were included in the primary analysis. Significant reductions of FPG were observed in the Be and BB groups compared with the placebo group, with a least square (LS) mean difference of - 0.50, 95% CI [- 0.85, - 0.15] mmol/L, and - 0.55, 95% CI [- 0.91, - 0.20] mmol/L, respectively. The Be and BB groups also showed significant reductions in 2-h postprandial plasma glucose. A pronounced decrease in HbA1c occurred in the BB group compared to the placebo group. Moreover, compared with the Bi and placebo groups, the Be and BB groups had more changes in the gut microbiota from the baseline. CONCLUSIONS Berberine could regulate the structure and function of the human gut microbiota, and Bifidobacterium has the potential to enhance the hypoglycemic effect of berberine. These findings provide new insights into the hypoglycemic potential of berberine and Bifidobacterium. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03330184. Retrospectively registered on 18 October 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ming
- Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xinwen Yu
- Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | | | - Li Wang
- Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Xuan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sheli Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- The Fifth Department of Internal Medicine, Shaanxi Aerospace Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Shu Luo
- Genertec Universal Xi'an Aero-Engine Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingzhen He
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an High-Tech Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yafang Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhufang Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Yan'an People's Hospital, Yan'an, China
| | - Kaiyan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Shangluo Central Hospital, Shangluo, China
| | - Yujie Fang
- Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Health Statistics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
| | | | - Qiuhe Ji
- Endocrinology Research Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Effect of a New Formulation of Nutraceuticals as an Add-On to Metformin Monotherapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Suboptimal Glycemic Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072373. [PMID: 34371883 PMCID: PMC8308828 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the overall biohumoral and metabolic effects of a 12-week add-on therapy consisting of a new nutraceutical formulation (BHC) based on berberine, hesperidin, and chromium picolinate in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients with suboptimal glycemic compensation receiving metformin. After 12 weeks, participants in the group receiving metformin plus BHC, compared to the group receiving metformin only, saw a significant improvement in their glucose profile, in terms of both glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Their FBG dropped from 145 ± 20 mg/dL to 128 ± 23 mg/dL (p < 0.01), a decrease of 11.7% compared with the baseline. This decrease differed significantly from the situation in the control arm (p < 0.05). HbA1c decreased by 7.5% from the baseline, from 53.5 ± 4.3 mmol/mol to 49.5 ± 5.1 mmol/mol (p < 0.01), in the group given BHC, while no difference was seen in the control group. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were found to be significantly reduced (p < 0.01) only in the BHC group, from 9.34 ± 7.61 μg/mL to 6.75 ± 6.13 μg/mL, and from 1.7 ± 0.15 μmol/L to 1.4 ± 0.25 μmol/L, respectively. In patients with T2D taking metformin with suboptimal glycemic compensation, adding BHC for 3 months significantly improved glucose control in terms of FBG and HbA1c, and had a positive effect on the lipid peroxidation profile, as indicated by a decrease in AGEs and MDA.
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Wang Y, Liu H, Zheng M, Yang Y, Ren H, Kong Y, Wang S, Wang J, Jiang Y, Yang J, Shan C. Berberine Slows the Progression of Prediabetes to Diabetes in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats by Enhancing Intestinal Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 and Improving the Gut Microbiota. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:609134. [PMID: 34025574 PMCID: PMC8138858 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.609134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is a plant alkaloid that has multiple beneficial effects against intestine inflammation. In our previous study, we have found that berberine also possesses an antidiabetic effect. However, whether berberine is useful in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through its effect on intestine endocrine function and gut microbiota is unclear. AIM To investigate the effects of berberine in the prevention of T2DM, as well as its effects on intestine GLP-2 secretion and gut microbiota in ZDF rats. METHODS Twenty Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats were fed a high-energy diet until they exhibited impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The rats were then divided into two groups to receive berberine (100 mg/kg/d; berberine group) or vehicle (IGT group) by gavage for 3 weeks. Five Zucker Lean (ZL) rats were used as controls. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed, and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Intestinal expression of TLR-4, NF-κB, TNF-α, mucin, zona occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin were assessed (immunohistochemistry). Plasma levels and glutamine-induced intestinal secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GLP-2 were measured (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level was measured. Fecal DNA extraction, pyrosequencing, and bioinformatics analysis were performed. RESULTS After 3 weeks of intervention, diabetes developed in all rats in the IGT group, but only 30% of rats in the berberine group. Treatment with berberine was associated with reductions in food intake, FBG level, insulin resistance, and plasma LPS level, as well as increases in fasting plasma GLP-2 level and glutamine-induced intestinal GLP-2 secretion. Berberine could increase the goblet cell number and villi length, and also reverse the suppressed expressions of mucin, occludin, ZO-1 and the upregulated expressions of TLR-4, NF-κB and TNF-α induced in IGT rats (P<0.05). Berberine also improved the structure of the gut microbiota and restored species diversity. CONCLUSION Berberine may slow the progression of prediabetes to T2DM in ZDF rats by improving GLP-2 secretion, intestinal permeability, and the structure of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyi Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Miaoyan Zheng
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhui Yang
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huizhu Ren
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Kong
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juhong Yang
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Juhong Yang, ; Chunyan Shan,
| | - Chunyan Shan
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Juhong Yang, ; Chunyan Shan,
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Boosting GLP-1 by Natural Products. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1328:513-522. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xu X, Yi H, Wu J, Kuang T, Zhang J, Li Q, Du H, Xu T, Jiang G, Fan G. Therapeutic effect of berberine on metabolic diseases: Both pharmacological data and clinical evidence. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:110984. [PMID: 33186794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence of metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes and obesity) has seriously affected human health and life safety worldwide. It is of great significance to find effective drugs from natural compounds to treat metabolic diseases. Berberine (BBR), an important quaternary benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, exists in many traditional medicinal plants. In recent years, BBR has received widespread attention due to its good potential in the treatment of metabolic diseases. In order to promote the basic research and clinical application of BBR, this review provides a timely and comprehensive summary of the pharmacological and clinical advances of BBR in the treatment of five metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, and gout. Both animal and clinical studies have proved that BBR has good therapeutic effects on these five metabolic diseases. The therapeutic effects of BBR are based on regulating various metabolic aspects and pathophysiological procedures. For example, it can promote insulin secretion, improve insulin resistance, inhibit lipogenesis, alleviate adipose tissue fibrosis, reduce hepatic steatosis, and improve gut microbiota disorders. Collectively, BBR may be a good and promising drug candidate for the treatment of metabolic diseases. More studies, especially clinical trials, are needed to further confirm its molecular mechanisms and targets. In addition, large-scale, long-term and multi-center clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BBR in the treatment of these metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Huan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jiasi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tingting Kuang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Huan Du
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tong Xu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Gang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Obaroakpo JU, Liu L, Zhang S, Lu J, Liu L, Pang X, Lv J. In vitro modulation of glucagon-like peptide release by DPP-IV inhibitory polyphenol-polysaccharide conjugates of sprouted quinoa yoghurt. Food Chem 2020; 324:126857. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Sharma D, Kumar Tekade R, Kalia K. Kaempferol in ameliorating diabetes-induced fibrosis and renal damage: An in vitro and in vivo study in diabetic nephropathy mice model. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153235. [PMID: 32563017 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaempferol is a natural polyflavonol that has gained considerable attention as antidiabetic therapeutics. Recent reports emphasize the role of hyperglycemia and RhoA/Rho Kinase activity in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aims to evaluate the GLP-1 and insulin release along with RhoA/Rho Kinase inhibition pertaining to the anti-fibrotic and reno-protective effects of Kaempferol in DN. METHODS The effect of Kaempferol on GLP-1 and insulin release along with underlying mechanisms (Ca2+ and cAMP levels) in GLUTag and MIN6 cells as well as in their co-culture has been evaluated. Further, the effect of Kaempferol on GLP-1 and insulin release was evaluated under in-vivo circumstances in the DN C57BL/6 mouse model. Histology and fibrosis specific staining was performed to study the renal injuries and fibrosis, while the expression of mRNA and protein of interest was evaluated by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS Kaempferol treatment promoted the GLP-1 and insulin release, which was accompanied by increased intracellular levels of cAMP and Ca2+ in GLUTag and MIN6 cells. In agreement with in vitro studies, Kaempferol also increased the release of GLP-1 and insulin in the DN mouse model. Notably, Kaempferol showed the potential to ameliorate the histological changes as well as renal fibrosis while decreasing the expression levels of DN markers including TGF-β1, CTGF, fibronectin, collagen IV, IL-1β, RhoA, ROCK2, and p-MYPT1 in DN kidney tissues. A rise in the expression of E-cadherin and nephrin was also noted in the same study. CONCLUSION This study establishes that Kaempferol ameliorates renal injury and fibrosis by enhancing the release of GLP-1, insulin, and inhibition of RhoA/Rho Kinase. This study recommends Kaempferol for further clinical trials to be developed as novel therapeutics for improving the renal function in DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India; Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Amin AR, Kassab RB, Abdel Moneim AE, Amin HK. Comparison Among Garlic, Berberine, Resveratrol,Hibiscus sabdariffa, GenusZizyphus, Hesperidin, Red Beetroot,Catha edulis,Portulaca oleracea, and Mulberry Leaves in the Treatment of Hypertension and Type 2 DM: A Comprehensive Review. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20921623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension are 2 of the most prevalent diseases with poor impact on health status worldwide. In most cases, they coexist with other metabolic disorders as well as cardiac, micro- and macrovascular complications. Many plants are known for their hypotensive, cardioprotective, and/or antidiabetic activities. Their active ingredients either identified and isolated or still utilized as herbal preparations of certain plant parts. The use of medicinal plants comprises the main basis for most of the traditional medicine (TM) systems and procedures. As conventional medicines seem insufficient to control such progressive diseases, herbal agents from TM could be used as adjuvant with good impact on disease control and progression as well as other concomitant health conditions. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of 10 different herbal medicines of botanical origin or herbal preparations in the management of hypertension and its cardiovascular complications and type 2 DM along with various coexisting health disorders. These herbal medicines are garlic, berberine, resveratrol, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Zizyphus ( oxyphylla, mucronate, jujube, rugosa), hesperidin, red beetroot, Catha edulis, mulberry leaves, and Portulaca oleracea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira R. Amin
- Cardiology and Oncology Section, Nasser Institute for Research and Treatment, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rami B. Kassab
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem K. Amin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Egypt
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The Quest to Enhance the Efficacy of Berberine for Type-2 Diabetes and Associated Diseases: Physicochemical Modification Approaches. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8040090. [PMID: 32325761 PMCID: PMC7235753 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is a quaternary isoquinoline alkaloid that has been isolated from numerous plants which are still in use today as medicine and herbal supplements. The great deal of enthusiasm for intense research on berberine to date is based on its diverse pharmacological effects via action on multiple biological targets. Its poor bioavailability resulting from low intestinal absorption coupled with its efflux by the action of P-glycoprotein is, however, the major limitation. In this communication, the chemical approach of improving berberine's bioavailability and pharmacological efficacy is scrutinised with specific reference to type-2 diabetes and associated diseases such as hyperlipidaemia and obesity. The application of modern delivery systems, research from combination studies to preparation of berberine structural hybrids with known biologically active compounds (antidiabetic, antihyperlipidaemic and antioxidant), as well as synthesis approaches of berberine derivative are presented. Improvement of bioavailability and efficacy through in vitro and ex vivo transport studies, as well as animal models of bioavailability/efficacy in lipid metabolism and diabetes targets are discussed.
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Habtemariam S. Berberine pharmacology and the gut microbiota: A hidden therapeutic link. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104722. [PMID: 32105754 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is a natural pentacyclic isoquinoline alkaloid that has been isolated as the principal component of many popular medicinal plants such as the genus Berberis, Coptis and Hydrastis. The multifunctional nature of berberine as a therapeutic agent is an attribute of its diverse effects on enzymes, receptors and cell signalling pathways. Through specific and general antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, its polypharmacology has been established. Intriguingly, this is despite the poor bioavailability of berberine in animal models and hence begging the question how it induces its reputed effects in vivo. A growing evidence now suggest the role of the gut microbiota, the so-called the hidden organ, as targets for the multifunctional role of berberine. Evidences are herein scrutinised to show that the structural and numerical changes in the gut microbiota under pathological conditions are reversed by berberine. Examples in the pharmacokinetics field, obesity, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, cancer, inflammatory disease conditions, etc. are used to show the link between the gut microbiota and the polypharmacology of berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK.
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Christodoulou MI, Tchoumtchoua J, Skaltsounis AL, Scorilas A, Halabalaki M. Natural Alkaloids Intervening the Insulin Pathway: New Hopes for Anti-Diabetic Agents? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5982-6015. [PMID: 29714135 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180430152618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating experimental data supports the capacity of natural compounds to intervene in complicated molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of certain human morbidities. Among them, diabetes is now a world's epidemic associated with increased risk of death; thus, the detection of novel anti-diabetic agents and/or adjuvants is of vital importance. Alkaloids represent a diverse group of natural products with a range of therapeutic properties; during the last 20 years, published research on their anti-diabetic capacity has been tremendously increased. PURPOSE To discuss current concepts on the anti-diabetic impact of certain alkaloids, with special reference to their molecular targets throughout the insulin-signaling pathway. METHODOLOGY Upon in-depth search in the SCOPUS and PUBMED databases, the literature on alkaloids with insulin secretion/sensitization properties was critically reviewed. RESULTS In-vitro and in-vivo evidence supports the effect of berberine, trigonelline, piperine, oxymatrine, vindoneline, evodiamine and neferine on insulin-signaling and related cascades in beta-cells, myocytes, adipocytes, hepatocytes and other cells. Associated receptors, kinases, hormones and cytokines, are affected in terms of gene transcription, protein expression, activity and/or phosphorylation. Pathophysiological processes associated with insulin resistance, beta-cell failure, oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as clinical phenotype are also influenced. DISCUSSION Growing evidence suggests the ability of specific alkaloids to intervene in the insulin-signal transduction pathway, reverse molecular defects resulting in insulin resistance and glucose intolerance and improve disease complications, in-vitro and in-vivo. Future indepth molecular studies are expected to elucidate their exact mechanism of action, while large clinical trials are urgently needed to assess their potential as anti-diabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Ioanna Christodoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Job Tchoumtchoua
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou 15771, Athens, Greece
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Wang J, Wang L, Lou GH, Zeng HR, Hu J, Huang QW, Peng W, Yang XB. Coptidis Rhizoma: a comprehensive review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:193-225. [PMID: 30963783 PMCID: PMC6461078 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1577466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Coptidis rhizome (CR), also known as Huanglian in Chinese, is the rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., C. deltoidea C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao, or C. teeta Wall (Ranunculaceae). It has been widely used to treat bacillary dysentery, diabetes, pertussis, sore throat, aphtha, and eczema in China. OBJECTIVES The present paper reviews the latest advances of CR, focusing on the botany, phytochemistry, traditional usages, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology and toxicology of CR and its future perspectives. METHODS Studies from 1985 to 2018 were reviewed from books; PhD. and MSc. dissertations; the state and local drug standards; PubMed; CNKI; Scopus; the Web of Science; and Google Scholar using the keywords Coptis, Coptidis Rhizoma, Huanglian, and goldthread. RESULTS Currently, 128 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from CR. Alkaloids are the characteristic components, together with organic acids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids and quinones. The extracts/compounds isolated from CR cover a wide pharmacological spectrum, including antibacterial, antivirus, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticancer and cardioprotective effects. Berberine is the most important active constituent and the primary toxic component of CR. CONCLUSIONS As an important herbal medicine in Chinese medicine, CR has the potential to treat various diseases. However, further research should be undertaken to investigate the clinical effects, toxic constituents, target organs and pharmacokinetics, and to establish criteria for quality control, for CR and its related medications. In addition, the active constituents, other than alkaloids, in both raw and processed products of CR should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan-Hua Lou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-Bo Yang
- Ya'an Xun Kang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ya'an, China
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Gong X, Ji M, Xu J, Zhang C, Li M. Hypoglycemic effects of bioactive ingredients from medicine food homology and medicinal health food species used in China. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2303-2326. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1634517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gong
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China
| | - Mingyue Ji
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China
| | - Minhui Li
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, Guangxi, P. R. China
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Feng X, Sureda A, Jafari S, Memariani Z, Tewari D, Annunziata G, Barrea L, Hassan ST, Šmejkal K, Malaník M, Sychrová A, Barreca D, Ziberna L, Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G, Xu S, Nabavi SM, Shen AZ. Berberine in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: From Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Theranostics 2019; 9:1923-1951. [PMID: 31037148 PMCID: PMC6485276 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMD) are the leading causes of death worldwide, underscoring the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies. Berberine (BBR) is an eminent component of traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for more than 2000 years. Recently, BBR has attracted much interest for its pharmacological actions in treating and/or managing CVMD. Recent discoveries of basic, translational and clinical studies have identified many novel molecular targets of BBR (such as AMPK, SIRT1, LDLR, PCSK9, and PTP1B) and provided novel evidences supporting the promising therapeutic potential of BBR to combat CVMD. Thus, this review provides a timely overview of the pharmacological properties and therapeutic application of BBR in CVMD, and underlines recent pharmacological advances which validate BBR as a promising lead drug against CVMD.
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Ma H, He K, Zhu J, Li X, Ye X. The anti-hyperglycemia effects of Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids: A systematic review of modern pharmacological studies of the traditional herbal medicine. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:210-220. [PMID: 30836124 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a common endocrine system disease, which seriously affects people's health with a increasing morbidity in recent years. Rhizoma Coptidis (RC), one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines, has been applied to treat diabetes in clinic for thousands of years. Since scientists demonstrated that alkaloids from RC owned the amazing anti-hyperglycemia activities 30 years ago, these compounds have been widely used for the treatment of diabetes and hyperglycemia with unconspicuous toxicities and side effects. With the help of molecular biology, immunology and other techniques, the mechanisms about anti-hyperglycemia effect of RC alkaloids have been extensively discussed. Numerous studies showed that RC alkaloids balanced the glucose homeostasis not only by widely recognizing insulin resistance pathways, but also by promoting insulin secretion, regulating intestinal hormones, ameliorating gut microbiota structures and many other ways. In this review, we combine the latest advances and systematically summarize the mechanisms of RC alkaloids in treating hyperglycemia and diabetic nephropathy to provide a deeper understanding of these natural alkaloids. In addition, the important role of gut microbiota associated with the glucose metabolism is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ma
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kai He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuegang Li
- Chongqing Productivity Promotion Center for the Modernization of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Hypoglycemic Mechanism of the Berberine Organic Acid Salt under the Synergistic Effect of Intestinal Flora and Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8930374. [PMID: 30662584 PMCID: PMC6313974 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8930374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Both alterations to the intestinal microflora and chronic systemic inflammation predispose towards type 2 diabetes (T2D). Changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora are associated with glucose metabolism changes in rats with T2D. Here, we demonstrate that a berberine fumarate (BF) has a hypoglycemic effect by regulating the intestinal microflora and metabolism of diabetic rats. The T2D rats had disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, an abnormal intestinal microflora, fewer butyrate-producing and probiotic-type bacteria, larger numbers of potentially pathogenic and sulfate-reducing bacteria, and tissue inflammation. Administration of berberine fumarate significantly ameliorated the metabolic disorder; increased the populations of Bacteroidetes, Clostridia, Lactobacillales, Prevotellaceae, and Alloprevotella; and reduced those of Bacteroidales, Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, and Desulfovibrio. In addition, it reduced inflammation, inhibiting the overexpression of TLR4 and p-JNK and increasing the expression of PI3K, GLUT2, and other proteins, which are closely related to oxidative stress, thereby promoting the metabolism of glucose.
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Sun Y, Jin C, Zhang X, Jia W, Le J, Ye J. Restoration of GLP-1 secretion by Berberine is associated with protection of colon enterocytes from mitochondrial overheating in diet-induced obese mice. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:53. [PMID: 30250193 PMCID: PMC6155143 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-018-0061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective L-cell dysfunction is reported for GLP-1 reduction in type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanism of dysfunction remains unknown. In this study, we examined mitochondrial function in the mechanistic study in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Subjects C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to establish the DIO model for GLP-1 reduction. The mice were then treated with berberine (BBR) (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks to test the impact on GLP-1 expression. Mitochondrial activities of the colon enterocytes were compared among three groups of mice (lean, DIO, and DIO + BBR) at the end of treatment. Gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were examined to understand the mitochondrial responses. A cellular model treated with palmitic acid (PA) was used in the mechanism study. Results A reduction in GLP-1 expression was observed in DIO mice with mitochondrial stress responses in the colon enterocytes. The mitochondria exhibited cristae loss, membrane rupture, and mitochondrial swelling, which was observed with an increase in ATP abundance, complex I activity, and deficiency in the activities of complexes II and IV. Those changes were associated with dysbiosis and a reduction in SCFAs in the colon of DIO mice. In the cellular model, an increase in ATP abundance, loss of mitochondrial potential, and elevation of apoptosis were induced by PA. All of the alterations in DIO mice and the cellular model were attenuated by BBR. Conclusion The mitochondrial stress responses were observed in the colon enterocytes of DIO mice for GLP-1 reduction. The stress was prevented by BBR in the restoration of GLP-1 expression, in which BBR may act through direct and indirect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongning Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chenxi Jin
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330031, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiamei Le
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jianping Ye
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital East, Shanghai, 201306, China. .,Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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Wang J, Ran Q, Zeng HR, Wang L, Hu CJ, Huang QW. Cellular stress response mechanisms of Rhizoma coptidis: a systematic review. Chin Med 2018; 13:27. [PMID: 29930696 PMCID: PMC5992750 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoma coptidis has been used in China for thousands of years with the functions of heating dampness and purging fire detoxification. But the underlying molecular mechanisms of Rhizoma coptidis are still far from being fully elucidated. Alkaloids, especially berberine, coptisine and palmatine, are responsible for multiple pharmacological effects of Rhizoma coptidis. In this review, we studied on the effects and molecular mechanisms of Rhizoma coptidis on NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K–Akt/AMPK/ERS and oxidative stress pathways. Then we summarized the mechanisms of these alkaloid components of Rhizoma coptidis on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and diabetic complications. Evidence presented in this review implicated that Rhizoma coptidis exerted beneficial effects on various diseases by regulation of NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K–Akt/AMPK/ERS and oxidative stress pathways, which support the clinical application of Rhizoma coptidis and offer references for future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Qian Ran
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Hai-Rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Chang-Jiang Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137 China
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Guan C, Qiao S, Lv Q, Cao N, Wang K, Dai Y, Wei Z. Orally administered berberine ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice through promoting activation of PPAR-γ and subsequent expression of HGF in colons. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 343:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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46
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Berberine activates bitter taste responses of enteroendocrine STC-1 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 447:21-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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47
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Li J, Yu H, Wang S, Wang W, Chen Q, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Wang T. Natural products, an important resource for discovery of multitarget drugs and functional food for regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:121-135. [PMID: 29391777 PMCID: PMC5768189 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s151860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Imbalanced hepatic glucose homeostasis is one of the critical pathologic events in the development of metabolic syndromes (MSs). Therefore, regulation of imbalanced hepatic glucose homeostasis is important in drug development for MS treatment. In this review, we discuss the major targets that regulate hepatic glucose homeostasis in human physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, involving hepatic glucose uptake, glycolysis and glycogen synthesis, and summarize their changes in MSs. Recent literature suggests the necessity of multitarget drugs in the management of MS disorder for regulation of imbalanced glucose homeostasis in both experimental models and MS patients. Here, we highlight the potential bioactive compounds from natural products with medicinal or health care values, and focus on polypharmacologic and multitarget natural products with effects on various signaling pathways in hepatic glucose metabolism. This review shows the advantage and feasibility of discovering multicompound-multitarget drugs from natural products, and providing a new perspective of ways on drug and functional food development for MSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Phytochemistry, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Sijian Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Wei Wang
- Internal Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Yanmin Ma
- Department of Phytochemistry, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
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48
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Zhang L, Zhang ST, Yin YC, Xing S, Li WN, Fu XQ. Hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of isoquercitrin as an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in type 2 diabetic mice. RSC Adv 2018; 8:14967-14974. [PMID: 35541310 PMCID: PMC9080018 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00675j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 is a potent glucose-dependent insulinotropic gut hormone released from intestinal L cells. The aim of this study was to investigate isoquercitrin as an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and determine whether it affects GLP-1 release in normal mice and NCI-H716 cells. In vitro, we used chromogenic substrate method detection methods to measure DPP-IV. We found that isoquercitrin was a competitive inhibitor, with IC50 and Ki values of 96.8 and 236 μM, respectively. Isoquercitrin and sitagliptin also stimulated GLP-1 release in NCI-H716 cells. In vivo, a type 2 diabetic mouse model was established, and oral treatment with different concentration of isoquercitrin and sitagliptin for 8 weeks significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose level. The weight and the levels of serum GLP-1 and insulin of the mice in the isoquercitrin group were higher than those in the model group (P < 0.001). An oral glucose tolerance test showed that the isoquercitrin significantly inhibited postprandial blood glucose changes in a dose-dependent manner. These findings demonstrated the hypoglycemic effects of isoquercitrin and indicated that isoquercitrin improved insulin sensitivity by targeting DPP-IV. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 is a potent glucose-dependent insulinotropic gut hormone released from intestinal L cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Shi-Tao Zhang
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Yan-Chun Yin
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Shu Xing
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Wan-Nan Li
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Xue-Qi Fu
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory
- School of Life Sciences
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
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49
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Barrea L, Annunziata G, Muscogiuri G, Arnone A, Tenore GC, Colao A, Savastano S. Could hop-derived bitter compounds improve glucose homeostasis by stimulating the secretion of GLP-1? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:528-535. [PMID: 28910546 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1378168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) is by far the greatest contributors to the bitter property of beer. Over the past years, a large body of evidence demonstrated the presence of taste receptors in different locations of the oral cavity. In addition to the taste buds of the tongue, cells expressing these receptors have been identified in olfactory bulbs, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. In the gut, the attention was mainly directed to sweet Taste Receptor (T1R) and bitter Taste Receptor (T2R) receptors. In particular, T2R has shown to modulate secretion of different gut hormones, mainly Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1), which are involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and the control of gut motility, thereby increasing the sense of satiety. Scientific interest in the activity of bitter taste receptors emerges because of their wide distribution in the human species and the large range of natural substances that interact with them. Beer, whose alcohol content is lower than in other common alcoholic beverages, contains a considerable amount of bitter compounds and current scientific evidence shows a direct effect of beer compounds on glucose homeostasis. The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature data in order to substantiate the novel hypothesis of a possible direct effect of hop-derived bitter compounds on secretion of GLP-1, through the activation of T2R, with consequent improvement of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- a I.O.S. & COLEMAN Srl , Medicina Futura Medical Center , Acerra , Naples , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annunziata
- b Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia , Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples , Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples , Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- a I.O.S. & COLEMAN Srl , Medicina Futura Medical Center , Acerra , Naples , Italy
| | - Angela Arnone
- b Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia , Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples , Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples , Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- c Department of Pharmacy , University of Naples 'Federico II' , Via D. Montesano 49, Naples , Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- b Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia , Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples , Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples , Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- b Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia , Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples , Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples , Italy
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50
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Ekstrand B, Young JF, Rasmussen MK. Taste receptors in the gut - A new target for health promoting properties in diet. Food Res Int 2017; 100:1-8. [PMID: 28888429 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review we describe a new target for food functionality, the taste receptors in the gastrointestinal tract. These receptors are involved in an intricate signalling network for monitoring of taste and nutrient intake, homeostasis and energy metabolism, and they are also an early warning system for toxic substances in our diet. Especially the receptors for bitter taste provide a new possibility to activate a number of health related signalling pathways, already at low concentrations of the active substance, without requiring uptake into the body and transport via the circulation. When ligands bind to these receptors, signalling is induced either via peptide hormones into the circulation to other organs in the body, or via nerve fibers directly to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ekstrand
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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