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Carvajal A, Sepúlveda C, Navia D, Poblete-Castro I, Pinto-Ibieta F, Serrano A. Bulking agent in dry anaerobic digestion as a key factor for the enhancement of biogas production. N Biotechnol 2024; 82:65-74. [PMID: 38750816 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Dry anaerobic digestion (dry-AD) is an attractive process for solid wastes such as agri-food waste. However, some limitations mainly associated to lack of effective mixing, can hinder the methane production capacity of the systems. Bulking agent (BA) has been proposed as a solution to the compaction issues in systems without mechanical agitation, such as leaching bed reactors. However, effects of BA are still not clear, and, thus, the factors to consider for its dose has not been optimized yet. This work studies the effect of BA in dry-AD. Two substrates with different characteristics were proposed as models, bean peel as a lignocellulosic substrate and a mixture of food waste as a readily biodegradable substrate. Inert plastic rings were used as BA at different BA:S ratios. Assessed BA:S ratio did not affect the performance of methane production for the lignocellulosic waste, but it did significantly affect to the easily biodegradable substrate, showing up to a 28% of methane production increase. This result could be due to the presence of lignocellulosic compounds in the bean peel, behaving like a natural BA. In assays with an increased bed height, the compaction of the system was more severe, resulting in the rapid acidification of the processes. At these conditions, the positive effect of BA addition was more marked, allowing methane production and no acidification of the system. Thus, the addition of BA is a suitable strategy for improving methane production or stability in dry-AD systems without requiring the stirring of the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carvajal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Claudio Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Daniel Navia
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ignacio Poblete-Castro
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Pinto-Ibieta
- Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Casilla 15-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain
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Spatola Rossi T, Gallia M, Erijman L, Figuerola E. Biotic and abiotic factors acting on community assembly in parallel anaerobic digestion systems from a brewery wastewater treatment plant. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38686914 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2343797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a complex microbial process that mediates the transformation of organic waste into biogas. The performance and stability of anaerobic digesters relies on the structure and function of the microbial community. In this study, we asked whether the deterministic effect of wastewater composition outweighs the effect of reactor configuration on the structure and dynamics of anaerobic digester archaeal and bacterial communities. Biotic and abiotic factors acting on microbial community assembly in two parallel anaerobic digestion systems, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket digestor (UASB) and a closed digester tank with a solid recycling system (CDSR), from a brewery WWTP were analysed utilizing 16S rDNA and mcrA amplicon sequencing and genome-centric metagenomics. This study confirmed the deterministic effect of the wastewater composition on bacterial community structure, while the archaeal community composition resulted better explained by organic loading rate (ORL) and volatile free acids (VFA). According to the functions assigned to the differentially abundant metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) between reactors, CDSR was enriched in genes related to methanol and methylamines methanogenesis, protein degradation, and sulphate and alcohol utilization. Conversely, the UASB reactor was enriched in genes associated with carbohydrate and lipid degradation, as well as amino acid, fatty acid, and propionate fermentation. By comparing interactions derived from the co-occurrence network with predicted metabolic interactions of the prokaryotic communities in both anaerobic digesters, we conclude that the overall community structure is mainly determined by habitat filtering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mateo Gallia
- IB3- Institute of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Translational Biology- University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Erijman
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular 'Dr Héctor N. Torres' (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eva Figuerola
- IB3- Institute of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Translational Biology- University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Anaya-Reza O, Altamirano-Corona MF, Basurto-García G, Patricio-Fabián H, García-González SA, Martinez-Hernandez E, Durán-Moreno A. Wet anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste: experience with long-term pilot plant operation and industrial scale-up. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:235-247. [PMID: 38170236 PMCID: PMC10867089 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02958-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents the analysis of a pilot anaerobic digestion plant that operates with organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) from a wholesale market and can treat up to 500 kg d-1. The process was monitored for a period of 524 days during which the residue was characterized and the biogas production and methane content were recorded. The organic load rate (OLR) of volatile solids (VS) was 0.89 kg m-3 d-1 and the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) was 25 d during the process. The yield was 82 Nm3 tons OFMSW-1 biogas, equivalent to 586 Nm3 tons CH4 VS-1. The results obtained in the pilot plant were used to carry out a technical-economic evaluation of a plant that treats 50 tons of OFMSW from wholesale markets. A production of 3769 Nm3 d-1 of biogas and 2080 Nm3 d-1 of methane is estimated, generating 35.1 MWh d-1 when converted to electricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Anaya-Reza
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - María F Altamirano-Corona
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Germán Basurto-García
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor Patricio-Fabián
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio A García-González
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Alfonso Durán-Moreno
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de La Investigación Científica, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
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4
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Kang JH, Ahn JH. Optimization of cobalt, nickel, and iron supplement for mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion treating high-solid food waste. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:779-793. [PMID: 36154558 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2128890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe effects of trace metals (iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) + Fe, and Co + nickel (Ni) + Fe) on mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste were quantified experimentally. Supplementation with 0 ≤ [Co] ≤ 5 mg/L, 0 ≤ [Ni] ≤ 10 mg/L, or 0 ≤ [Fe] ≤ 200 mg/L can significantly improve the productivity of mesophilic (MD) and thermophilic (TD) digesters. Addition of micronutrients increased biogas production, but excessive addition of trace metals hindered the production. Supplementation with Fe + Co or Fe + Co + Ni increased biogas production more than the addition of only Fe did. Within the design boundaries, the optimal concentrations for supplementation with three trace metals in MD were [Co] = 0.33 mg/L, [Ni] = 0.43 mg/L, and [Fe] = 5.35 mg/L, and in TD were [Co] = 1.41 mg/L, [Ni] = 3.84 mg/L, and [Fe] = 200 mg/L. TD required larger amounts of the trace metals than MD (4.3-37.4 times). The results can give quantitative information on trace metal supplementation for successful anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Hyun Kang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Environmental Resources Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea
| | - Johng-Hwa Ahn
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Yan M, Hu Z, Duan Z, Sun Y, Dong T, Sun X, Zhen F, Li Y. Microbiome re-assembly boosts anaerobic digestion under volatile fatty acid inhibition: focusing on reactive oxygen species metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 246:120711. [PMID: 37844339 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems resulting from food waste overload poses a risk of system collapse. However, limited understanding exists regarding the inhibitory mechanisms and effective strategies to address VFAs-induced stress. This study found that accumulated VFAs exert reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress on indigenous microbiota, particularly impacting methanogens due to their lower antioxidant capability compared to bacteria, which is supposed to be the primary reason for methanogenesis failure. To enhance the VFAs-stressed AD process, microbiome re-assembly using customized propionate-degrading consortia and bioaugmentation with concentrated digestate were implemented. Microbiome re-assembly demonstrated superior efficiency, yielding an average methane yield of 563.6±159.8 mL/L·d and reducing VFAs to undetectable levels for a minimum of 80 days. This strategy improved the abundance of Syntrophomonas, Syntrophobacter and Methanothrix, alleviating ROS stress. Conversely, microbial community in reactor with other strategy experienced an escalating intracellular damage, as indicated by the increase of ROS generation-related genes. This study fills knowledge gaps in stress-related metabolic mechanisms of anaerobic microbiomes exposed to VFAs and microbiome re-assembly to boost methanogenesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yan
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-Chemical Conversion, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Shandong Minhe Biotechnology Co., Ltd
| | - Zhiyuan Hu
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-Chemical Conversion, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Zhenhan Duan
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangdong 510655 , PR China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-Chemical Conversion, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | | | | | - Feng Zhen
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-Chemical Conversion, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-Chemical Conversion, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Yun S, Xing T, Wang Y, Chen R, Han F, Zhang C, Zou M. Mineral residue accelerant-enhanced anaerobic digestion of cow manure: An evaluation system of comprehensive performance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159840. [PMID: 36369680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an efficient technology for treating biowaste and generating biogas. A reasonable evaluation of AD performance is crucial to its development. Herein, a comprehensive evaluation system covering five dimensions (energy output, process stability, degradation efficiency, digestate fertility, and digestate safety) was established to assess AD performance. Each dimension in the evaluation system was assigned a specific indicator defined by a threshold or range. Additionally, the proposed evaluation system was applied to assess a case study of batch-mode mesophilic AD that employed three industrial waste residues as mineral accelerants (nickel‑iron slag, steel slag, and fly ash). The mineral accelerants enhanced the energy output (methane yield by 66.55 %-87.54 %) and the feedstock degradation (chemical oxygen demand removal ratio by 11.23 %-32.42 %). The digestates also retained promising safety (heavy metal contents of 190-1260 mg/kg) and fertility (total nutrient contents of 3.71 %-4.69 %). The evaluation system reasonably appraised the comprehensive performance of accelerant-enhanced AD systems with cow manure. This work provides a reliable methodology for evaluating and comparing the performance of different novel accelerants and can be applied to evaluate the comprehensive performance of large-scale biogas projects with cow manure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sining Yun
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China; Qinghai Building and Materials Research Academy Co., Ltd, The Key Lab of Plateau Building and Eco-community in Qinghai, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China.
| | - Tian Xing
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Feng Han
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Ming Zou
- Research Institute, JISCO Hongxing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Jiayuguan, Gansu 735100, China
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Assis TI, Gonçalves RF. Valorization of food waste by anaerobic digestion: A bibliometric and systematic review focusing on optimization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115763. [PMID: 35932740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As food waste gets acknowledged as a global potential source of biomass, its valorization through anaerobic digestion becomes an attractive strategy. This work describes the state-of-the-art on the valorization of food waste by anaerobic digestion and the optimization of the process. The methodology used was a bibliometric and systematic review of the optimization of the process from 66 articles selected. Bibliometric mapping allowed us to identify that, until now, most studies have been focused on the: i) anaerobic co-digestion strategy in order to stabilize the process, ii) interest in the generation of biofuels to replace non-renewable fuels, iii) study of metabolic processes for a better understanding of the system iv) reactor design optimization and others facilities to increase process efficiency. The systematic analysis showed that the operational parameters has been extensively studied to optimize the process. Therefore, co-digestion has been the main strategy to improve the process. In this sense, knowledge of the substrate and co-substrate is extremely important to operate the reactors. For methane production, the ideal operating conditions indicated were: pH of 7, solids content between 4.0 and 15%, C/N ratio of 25, hydraulic retention time from 25 to 40 days and alkalinity from 2850 to 2970.5mgCaCO3/L. In addition, the ideal OLR will vary mainly according to operating temperature, number of reactor stages, and raw material characteristics. This review indicates trends and knowledge gaps that are important to guide new research on the anaerobic digestion of food waste, pointing out the potential advantages, optimization strategies, by-products of interest and challenges of the process. The results were used for the development of references of ideal operating conditions for energy production, being able to guide the design and operation of reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Izato Assis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Full Address: Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, CEP 29.075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Franci Gonçalves
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Full Address: Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, CEP 29.075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
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Sani K, Jariyaboon R, O-Thong S, Cheirsilp B, Kaparaju P, Raketh M, Kongjan P. Deploying two-stage anaerobic process to co-digest greasy sludge and waste activated sludge for effective waste treatment and biogas recovery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115307. [PMID: 35658258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High-strength waste activated sludge (WAS) and greasy sludge (GS) were largely generated from canned tuna processing. This study reports the performance of the two-stage anaerobic process for co-digesting WAS and GS. Various WAS:GS mixing ratios of 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, and 100:00 (volatile solids (VS) basis) were investigated in batch acidogenic stage at ambient (30 °C ± 3 °C), 55 °C, and 60 °C temperatures. Subsequently, the effluents from the first stage were used to produce methane in the second methanogenic stage at an ambient temperature. The highest methane yield of 609 mL CH4/g-VSadded was achieved using acidogenic effluents generated from a WAS:GS mixing ratio of 40:60 at an ambient temperature. The first-order kinetic constants (k) for the first (k1) and second (k2) stages were subsequently estimated to be 0.457 d-1 and 0.139 d-1, respectively. The obtained k constants were further used to predict the hydraulic retention time (HRT) for the two continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) in series. Consequently, the calculated 4-day HRT and 20-day HRT for 50-L CSTR1 and 250-L CSTR2, respectively, were used to operate the continuous two-stage process at an ambient temperature by feeding with a 40:60-WAS:GS mixing ratio. A satisfactory methane yield of 470-mL CH4/g-VS along with 75% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was generated. Furthermore, the predicted methane yield of 450-mL CH4/g-VS obtained from the simple kinetic CSTR model resembled the experimental yield with 96% accuracy. The obtained experimental results demonstrate that WAS and GS co-digestion could be successfully accomplished using a practical two-stage anaerobic process operated at an ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaliyah Sani
- Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Rattana Jariyaboon
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Sompong O-Thong
- International College, Thaksin University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Prasad Kaparaju
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, Australia
| | - Marisa Raketh
- Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Prawit Kongjan
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani, 94000, Thailand.
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9
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Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Digestion of Pig Manure with Thermal Pretreatment: Stability Monitoring to Improve the Potential for Obtaining Methane. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring and controlling stability in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems are essential, since it allows to obtain information that helps to take corrective actions in case of deviations in the system and to guarantee a stable performance in the biogas production. In this work, a pilot-scale CSRT reactor (1 m3) was monitored during the anaerobic digestion of pig manure with thermal pretreatment (80 °C) operated at thermophilic temperature (45 °C). The ratio of the volatile organic acids (FOS) to the total inorganic carbonate (TAC) and the pH were the indicators used during the monitoring process to identify deviations in the AD system. Additionally, alkaline solution NaOH (98%) was applied to counteract pH deviations and maintain stability. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biogas composition were measured during the AD process. It was found that during the AD process, the FOS/TAC was between the range of 0.5 and 1. The results revealed that, in the anaerobic digestion of pig manure with thermal pretreatment, the pH was kept stable in the range of 6.7–7.4 since no medium acidification occurred. Additionally, the tendency of the chemical oxygen demand decreased from the 10th day of operation, product of the favorable enzymatic activity of the microorganisms, reflected in the stable production of biogas (69% CH4). Finally, it is concluded that thermophilic AD of pig manure with thermal pretreatment is a good option when it is carried out efficiently by employing an adequate energetic integration.
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10
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Sani K, Jariyaboon R, O-Thong S, Cheirsilp B, Kaparaju P, Wang Y, Kongjan P. Performance of pilot scale two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge and greasy sludge under uncontrolled mesophilic temperature. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118736. [PMID: 35714466 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Waste-activated sludge (WAS) and greasy sludge (GS) discharged from the canned tuna industry are considerably characterized as harsh organic wastes to be individually treated by using traditional anaerobic digestion. This study was attempted to anaerobically co-digest WAS and GS in continuous pilot scale two-stage process, comprising the first 50 L continuous stir tank reactor (CSTR1) and the second 250 L continuous stir tank reactor (CSTR2). The two-stage co-digesting operation of dewatered WAS:GS ratio of 0.4:1 (g-VS) at ambient temperature with the organic loading rate (OLR) of 12.6 ± 0.75 g-VS/L·d and 2.26 ± 0.13 g-VS/L·d, corresponding to 3-day and 17-day hydraulic retention time (HRT) for the first and second stage, respectively generated highest methane production rate of 957 ± 86 mL-CH4/L·d, corresponding to methane yield of 423.4 ± 36 mL-CH4/g-VS. Organic removal efficiency obtained was around 67.5% on COD basis. The microbial diversity was depended on the process's activity. Bacteria were mostly detected in the CSTR1, dominating with the phylum Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, whereas genus Methanosaeta archaea were found dominantly in the CSTR2. The economic analysis of process shows payback period (PBP), internal rate of return (IRR), and net present value (NPV) of 3 years, 30%, and 250,177 USD, respectively. This study demonstrated the potential approach to applying the two-stage anaerobic co-digestion process to stabilize both WAS and GS along with generating valuable bioenergy carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaliyah Sani
- Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand
| | - Rattana Jariyaboon
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani 94000, Thailand
| | - Sompong O-Thong
- International College, Thaksin University, Songkhla 90000, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Prasad Kaparaju
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy, MOA of China, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Prawit Kongjan
- Bio-Mass Conversion to Energy and Chemicals (Bio-MEC) Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand; Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Meung, Pattani 94000, Thailand.
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11
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Oliva A, Tan LC, Papirio S, Esposito G, Lens PNL. Fed-batch anaerobic digestion of raw and pretreated hazelnut skin over long-term operation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127372. [PMID: 35623606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study provided important insights on the anaerobic digestion (AD) of hazelnut skin (HS) by operating a fed-batch AD reactor over 240 days and focusing on several factors impacting the process in the long term. An efficient reactor configuration was proposed to increase the substrate load while reducing the solid retention time during the fed-batch AD of HS. Raw HS produced maximally 19.29 mL CH4/g VSadd/d. Polyphenols accumulated in the reactor and the use of NaOH to adjust the pH likely inhibited AD. Maceration and methanol-organosolv pretreatments were, thus, used to remove polyphenols from HS (i.e. 82 and 97%, respectively) and improve HS biodegradation. Additionally, organosolv pretreatment removed 9% of the lignin. The organosolv-pretreated HS showed an increment in methane potential of 21%, while macerated HS produced less methane than the raw substrate, probably due to the loss of non-structural sugars during maceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oliva
- Department of Microbiology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland.
| | - L C Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - G Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - P N L Lens
- Department of Microbiology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
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12
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Enhancement mechanisms of iron powder on co-digestion of kitchen waste and Pennisetum hybrid. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Volpi MPC, Junior ADNF, Franco TT, Moraes BS. Operational and biochemical aspects of co-digestion (co-AD) from sugarcane vinasse, filter cake, and deacetylation liquor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:8969-8987. [PMID: 34698899 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11635-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This work performed co-AD from the vinasse and filter cake (from 1G ethanol production) and deacetylation liquor (from the pretreatment of sugarcane straw for 2G ethanol production) in a semi-Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (s-CSTR) aiming to provide optimum operational parameters for continuous CH4 production. Using filter cake as co-substrate may allow the reactor to operate throughout the year, as it is available in the sugarcane off-season, unlike vinasse. A comparison was made from the microbial community of the seed sludge and the reactor sludge when CH4 production stabilized. Lactate, butyrate, and propionate fermentation routes were denoted at the start-up of the s-CSTR, characterizing the acidogenic phase: the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) values ranged from -800 to -100 mV. Once the methanogenesis was initiated, alkalizing addition was no longer needed as its demand by the microorganisms was supplied by the alkali characteristics of the deacetylation liquor. The gradual increase of the applied organic load rates (OLR) allowed stabilization of the methanogenesis from 3.20 gVS L-1 day-1: the highest CH4 yield (230 mLNCH4 g-1VS) and average organic matter removal efficiency (83% ± 13) was achieved at ORL of 4.16 gVS L-1 day-1. The microbial community changed along with the reactor operation, presenting different metabolic routes mainly due to the used lignocellulosic substrates. Bacteria from the syntrophic acetate oxidation (SAO) process coupled to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis were predominant (~ 90% Methanoculleus) during the CH4 production stability. The overall results are useful as preliminary drivers in terms of visualizing the co-AD process in a sugarcane biorefinery integrated to scale. KEY POINTS: • Integration of 1G2G sugarcane ethanol biorefinery from co-digestion of its residues. • Biogas production from vinasse, filter cake, and deacetylation liquor in a semi-CSTR. • Lignocellulosic substrates affected the biochemical routes and microbial community. • Biomol confirmed the establishment of the thermophilic community from mesophilic sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paula C Volpi
- Interdisciplinary Center of Energy Planning, University of Campinas (NIPE/UNICAMP), R. Cora Coralina, 330 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-896, Brazil. .,Interdisciplinary Research Group On Biotechnology Applied To the Agriculture and the Environment (GBMA), School of Agricultural Engineering (FEAGRI), University of Campinas, Av. Candido Rondon, 501 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083‑875, Brazil.
| | | | - Telma T Franco
- Chemical Engineering School, University of Campinas (FEQ/UNICAMP), Av.Albert Einstein 500, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Bruna S Moraes
- Interdisciplinary Center of Energy Planning, University of Campinas (NIPE/UNICAMP), R. Cora Coralina, 330 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, 13083-896, Brazil
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14
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Theaker H, Jensen H, Walker M, Pourkashanian M. Effect of a variable organic loading rate on process kinetics and volatile solids destruction in synthetic food waste-fed anaerobic digesters. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 134:149-158. [PMID: 34419702 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing installation of weather-dependent renewable sources such as solar and wind power, the ability to produce electricity on demand to balance any shortfall in supply is becoming more important. Anaerobic digestion is a low-carbon energy source with the potential to be flexible to meet this need. An investigation was conducted into the response of two laboratory-scale anaerobic digesters at loading rate of 2.5 gVS L-1 day-1 over five months using a synthetic food waste as a substrate. One digester was consistently fed at the same rate, whereas the other digester was fed with periods of varying organic loading rate, from 0.1 to 7 gVS L-1 day-1, using a feed pattern derived from a record of restaurant food waste. The digester that had been fed at a variable rate showed a pronounced increase in biogas production after feed events and a 9.6% higher VS breakdown than the steady-feed digester (81% compared to 74%), with no effect on digester stability, volatile fatty acid concentration, overall biogas output or biogas quality. These findings support and encourage the use of variable-rate feeding to balance the electricity demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Theaker
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Henriette Jensen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Mark Walker
- Department of Engineering, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Mohamed Pourkashanian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, The Ella Armitage Building, 40 Leavygreave Road, Sheffield S3 7RD, UK.
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15
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Hurtado ADP, Hernández DM, Fuentes KL, Chaparro TR. Assessment of energy efficiency and performance in a two-phase anaerobic process for organic matter removal. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:667-682. [PMID: 34388126 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Energy efficiency (EE) depends mainly on the lower heating values (LHVs) of hydrogen and methane selected from the thermodynamics tables under ideal conditions. However, for practical applications, the heating value should be calculated by considering some environmental factors under real conditions. Accordingly, this study compared EE using the ideal LHV with the EE using the real LHV in a two-phase anaerobic digestion reactor treating synthetic wastewater. Additionally, the process performance and the stability were studied. The results showed that the EE value calculated using LHVideal was, on average, 35% higher than that evaluated using LHVreal; these differences are relevant to the estimation of real energy and also for practical applications. At the same time, the index buffer intermediate alkalinity/partial alkalinity was shown to be more accurate than the pH value to analyze the stability of the process. With regards to chemical oxygen demand, the removal efficiency in the methanogenic phase decreased drastically when utilizing 100% of the acidogenic phase. Future considerations for the optimization of each phase are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D P Hurtado
- Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Engineering Faculty, Water and Energy Research Group, Carrera 11 No 101-80, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana M Hernández
- Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Engineering Faculty, Water and Energy Research Group, Carrera 11 No 101-80, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karol L Fuentes
- Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Engineering Faculty, Water and Energy Research Group, Carrera 11 No 101-80, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Tatiana R Chaparro
- Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Engineering Faculty, Water and Energy Research Group, Carrera 11 No 101-80, Bogotá, Colombia
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16
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Castellón-Zelaya MF, González-Martínez S. Silage of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste to improve methane production. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:2536-2548. [PMID: 34032629 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The silage of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a common practice in biogas plants. During silage, fermentation processes take place, affecting the later methanisation stage. There are no studies about how OFMSW silage affects methane production. This work aimed to determine the effects of silage (anaerobic acid fermentation) at different solids concentrations and temperatures on methane production. OFMSW was ensiled at 20, 35, and 55 °C with total solids (TS) concentrations of 10, 20, and 28% for 15 days. The ensiled OFMSW was then tested for methane production at the substrate to inoculum ratios (S/I) of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. Independently of the temperature, the production of the metabolites during silage increases with decreasing solids concentration. The highest production was of lactic acid, ethanol, and acetic acid, representing together 95% of the total. Methane production from ensiled OFMSW at 10% solids concentration shows, under every tested condition, better methane production than from fresh OFMSW. Ensiled OFMSW produces more methane than fresh OFMSW, and methane production was highest at 35 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario F Castellón-Zelaya
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institute of Engineering, National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico E-mail:
| | - Simón González-Martínez
- Environmental Engineering Department, Institute of Engineering, National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico E-mail:
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17
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Chinellato G, Battista F, Bolzonella D, Cavinato C. Single-phase anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste without dilution: Reactor stability and process performance of small, decentralised plants. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 125:103-111. [PMID: 33677180 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently, centralised plants are the most favoured approach for the anaerobic treatment of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, centralised solutions imply certain environmental impacts, which prevent large-scale implementation of the anaerobic digestion (AD). As a result, we are digesting <5% of organic waste both in Europe and the USA even today. Pursuing the criteria for maximising the balance between profit and impacts, an innovative layout with the ultimate goal of promoting the use of small, decentralised AD plants is proposed. In this study, source-separated OFMSW (SS-OFMSW) was treated in a mesophilic plug flow reactor by applying an atypical combination of conditions such as high SS-OFMSW solid content (214.5 g·kg-1), high organic loading rate (6.2 kg VS·m-3·d-1), and no dilution or co-substrate addition. A suitable and an efficient mixing system is essential to control the process. Accordingly, the process was stable in a single-stage reactor, in the absence of digestate recirculation, obtaining specific gas production of 0.67 m3·kg-1 VS in terms of biogas and 0.41 m3·kg-1 VS in terms of methane. High reactor volume exploitation and small plant construction were feasible, reaching a gas production rate of 4.5 m3·m-3 d-1. The estimated costs in terms of capital and operating expenditure are expected to realize gross economic sustainability of full-scale installation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chinellato
- Schmack Biogas srl, Bolzano 39100, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, Venice 30172, Italy.
| | - F Battista
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - D Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - C Cavinato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, Venice 30172, Italy
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18
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Giménez-Lorang A, Vázquez-Padín JR, Dorado-Barragán C, Sánchez-Santos G, Vila-Armadas S, Flotats-Ripoll X. Treatment of the Supernatant of Anaerobically Digested Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste in a Demo-Scale Mesophilic External Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:642747. [PMID: 33912547 PMCID: PMC8072359 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.642747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional aerobic biological treatments of digested organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) slurries-usually conventional activated sludge or aerobic membrane bioreactor (AeMBR)-are inefficient in terms of energy and economically costly because of the high aeration requirements and the high amount of produced sludge. In this study, the supernatant obtained after the anaerobic digestion of OFMSW was treated in a mesophilic demo-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) at cross flow velocities (CFVs) between 1 and 3.5 m⋅s-1. The aim was to determine the process performance of the system with an external ultrafiltration unit, in terms of organic matter removal and sludge filterability. In previous anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) tests, without ultrafiltration, specific gas production between 40 and 83 NL CH4⋅kg-1 chemical oxygen demand (COD) fed and removals in the range of 10-20% total COD (tCOD) or 59-77% soluble COD (sCOD) were obtained, for organic loading rates (OLR) between 1.7 and 4.4 kg COD⋅m-3 reactor d-1. Data helped to identify a simplified model with the aim of understanding and expressing the process performance. Methane content in biogas was in the range of 74-77% v:v. In the AnMBR configuration, the COD removal has been in the ranges of 15.6-38.5 and 61.3-70.4% for total and sCOD, respectively, with a positive correlation between solids retention time (SRT, ranging from 7.3 to 24.3 days) and tCOD removal. The constant used in the model expressing inhibition, attributable to the high nitrogen content (3.6 ± 1.0 g N-NH4 +⋅L-1), indicated that this inhibition decreased when SRT increased, explaining values measured for volatile fatty acids concentration, which decreased when SRT increased and OLR, measured per unit of volatile suspended solids in the reactor, decreased. The alkalinity was high enough to allow a stable process throughout the experiments. Constant CFV operation resulted in excessive fouling and sudden trans-membrane pressure (TMP) increases. Nevertheless, an ultrafiltration regime based on alternation of CFV (20 min with a certain CFVi and then 5 min at CFVi + 1 m⋅s-1) allowed the membranes to filter at a flux (standardized at 20°C temperature) ranging from 2.8 to 7.3 L⋅m-2⋅h-1, over 331 days of operation, even at very high suspended solids concentrations (>30 g total suspended solids⋅L-1) in the reactor sludge. This flux range confirms that fouling is the main issue that can limit the spread of AnMBR potential for the studied stream. No clear correlation was found between CFV or SRT vs. fouling rate, in terms of either TMP⋅time-1 or permeability⋅time-1. As part of the demo-scale study, other operational limitations were observed: irreversible fouling, scaling (in the form of struvite deposition), ragging, and sludging. Because ragging and sludging were also observed in the existing AeMBR, it can be stated that both are attributable to the stream and to the difficulty of removing existing fibers. All the mentioned phenomena could have contributed to the high data dispersion of experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gloria Sánchez-Santos
- Direction of Prevention and Management Services of Área Metropolitana de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Vila-Armadas
- Direction of Prevention and Management Services of Área Metropolitana de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Flotats-Ripoll
- GIRO Joint Research Unit IRTA-UPC, Department of Agrifood Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC-BarcelonaTECH, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Kong Z, Wu J, Rong C, Wang T, Li L, Luo Z, Ji J, Hanaoka T, Sakemi S, Ito M, Kobayashi S, Kobayashi M, Qin Y, Li YY. Sludge yield and degradation of suspended solids by a large pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor for the treatment of real municipal wastewater at 25 °C. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 759:143526. [PMID: 33288248 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sludge yield and suspended solid are important factors concerned in the anaerobic treatment of municipal wastewater. In this study, a large pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was constructed for effectively treating real municipal wastewater at an ambient temperature of 25 °C. The sludge yield and the degradation of influent suspended solids were evaluated during the long-term operation of the AnMBR. This reactor with 5.0 m3 effective volume is the largest one-stage submerged AnMBR that has ever been used to treat municipal wastewater. During the long-term operation of 217 days, this AnMBR obtained excellent COD and BOD5 removal efficiency over 90%. Stable biogas production was also successfully obtained from treating municipal wastewater. The sludge yield of the AnMBR was approximately 0.19-0.26 g MLSS g-1 COD removed for the treatment of real municipal wastewater. The shortest SRT of the AnMBR was calculated as 29 days for an HRT of 6 h at an empirical MLSS of 10 g L-1. While the influent suspended solid (SS) contained in the municipal wastewater was completely removed by the AnMBR, only 57%-66% of the influent SS was degraded. The rest of influent SS was directly converted to MLSS instead of being degraded. The AnMBR maintained a stable membrane filtration using a hollow-fiber membrane with a total area of 72 m2, realizing a flux of 2.75-17.83 LMH, and the mean transmembrane pressure (TMP) was 0.9-23.5 kPa. An online chemical backwash cleaning system helped to lower the TMP timely using sodium hypochlorite and citric acid when the TMP increased rapidly and reached the rated limit of membrane. This is the first report on demonstrating the successful operation and detailed performance of a large pilot-scale AnMBR applied to the treatment of real municipal wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Kong
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jiang Wu
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Chao Rong
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tianjie Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Lu Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zibin Luo
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jiayuan Ji
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Taira Hanaoka
- Solution Engineering Group, Environmental Engineering Department, Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd., 1-2 Miyamae-Cho, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0012, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakemi
- Solution Engineering Group, Environmental Engineering Department, Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd., 1-2 Miyamae-Cho, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0012, Japan
| | - Masami Ito
- Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association, Japan, 5-1, Soto-Kanda 1-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0021, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association, Japan, 5-1, Soto-Kanda 1-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0021, Japan
| | - Masumi Kobayashi
- Separation and Aqua Chemicals Department, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Gate City Osaki East Tower, 11-2 Osaki 1-chome, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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20
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Kong Z, Wu J, Rong C, Wang T, Li L, Luo Z, Ji J, Hanaoka T, Sakemi S, Ito M, Kobayashi S, Kobayashi M, Qin Y, Li YY. Large pilot-scale submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for the treatment of municipal wastewater and biogas production at 25 °C. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124123. [PMID: 32971330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to demonstrate the operation of a large pilot-scale submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (5.0 m3) for biogas production from municipal wastewater at ambient temperature of 25 °C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest one-stage submerged AnMBR that has ever been reported. This AnMBR realized a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h and a treatment capacity of 20 m3 d-1, obtaining excellent effluent quality with COD removal efficiency over 90% and BOD5 removal over 95%. The biogas yield of the AnMBR was 0.25-0.27 L g-1 removed COD and 0.09-0.10 L L-1 raw wastewater. The methane content of the biogas was at the range of 75%-81%. The COD and nitrogen mass balance were also identified based on long-term operation. The hollow-fiber membrane module realized a flux of 2.75-17.83 LMH. An online backwash chemical cleaning system helped to lower the transmembrane pressure timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Kong
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jiang Wu
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Chao Rong
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tianjie Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Lu Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zibin Luo
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jiayuan Ji
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Taira Hanaoka
- Solution Engineering Group, Environmental Engineering Department, Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd., 1-2 Miyamae-Cho, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0012, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakemi
- Solution Engineering Group, Environmental Engineering Department, Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd., 1-2 Miyamae-Cho, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0012, Japan
| | - Masami Ito
- Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association, Japan, 5-1, Soto-Kanda 1-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0021, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Global Water Recycling and Reuse System Association, Japan, 5-1, Soto-Kanda 1-Chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101-0021, Japan
| | - Masumi Kobayashi
- Separation and Aqua Chemicals Department, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Gate City Osaki East Tower, 11-2 Osaki 1-chome, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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21
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Camacho-Muñoz R, Villada-Castillo HS, Solanilla-Duque JF. Anaerobic biodegradation under slurry thermophilic conditions of poly(lactic acid)/starch blend compatibilized by maleic anhydride. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1859-1865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Hill A, Tait S, Baillie C, Virdis B, McCabe B. Microbial electrochemical sensors for volatile fatty acid measurement in high strength wastewaters: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Xiao F, Li Y, Sun Y. Novel thermodynamic early warning method for anaerobic digestion failure of energy crops. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123440. [PMID: 32361203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate whether thermodynamic calculations of anaerobic digestion processes can be applied to the early warning for unstable anaerobic digestion, a group of semi-continuous digesters fed with an energy crop (Hybrid Pennisetum) were operated via a step-wise increase in the organic load rates until overload occurred. Traditional early warning indicators, such as biogas production and content, pH, alkalinity, and volatile fatty acids as well as the methane/carbon dioxide (CH4/CO2) and volatile fatty acid/alkalinity ratios, were regularly monitored during the process. The Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG) of the methanogenesis phases of valerate, butyrate, and propionate were calculated based on Nernst and Van't Hoff equations. The results demonstrate that ΔG of the three syntrophic methanogenesis phases can be used as an early warning indicator for unstable anaerobic digestion, indicating anaerobic digestion failure (ceased biogas production) up to 21 days in advance, that is, 1-8 days earlier than some other indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xiao
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Wu P, Li L, Sun Y, Song B, Yu Y, Liu H. Near complete valorisation of Hybrid pennisetum to biomethane and lignin nanoparticles based on gamma-valerolactone/water pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:123040. [PMID: 32114303 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first to integrate gamma-valerolactone/water (GVL/water) pretreatment with anaerobic digestion (AD) for biogas production and lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) synthesis. The hydrothermal treatment was conducted at 135 to 180 °C with GVL at 0 to 90%. After pretreatment, the compositions of hybrid pennisetum were changed with the removal of lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose to different extent. Subsequent anaerobic digestion achieved a maximal specific methane yield of 228.00 ± 4.37 mL/g VS, compared with that at 165.11 ± 1.99 mL/g VS for the control. The highest actual methane yield (150 mL/g RM) was achieved by pretreatment with GVL/water (50/50) at 150 °C for 90 min. LNPs at 200 to 2000 nm were synthesized from the liquid waste with a yield at ~4 mg/mL. The mass balance of this integrated method was discussed. In general, the maximal valorisation of hybrid pennisetum was achieved based on a catalyst-free of GVL/water pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Wu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Water Quality Security and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lianhua Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bing Song
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scion, 49 Sala Street, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand.
| | - Yun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Lianhua L, Shuibin H, Yongming S, Xihui K, Junfeng J, Zhenhong Y, Dingfa L. Anaerobic co-digestion of Pennisetum hybrid and pig manure: A comparative study of performance and microbial community at different mixture ratio and organic loading rate. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125871. [PMID: 32069711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate how the changes in performance and the microbial community of the co-digestion system of Pennisetum hybrid and pig manure, two co-digestion systems in a semi-continuous mode were established at different grass:manure mixture ratios (50:50 and 75:25), and at variable organic loading rates (OLRs). The two reactors were in a steady-state at the OLRs of 2.0-5.0 g VS/(L·d), with the specific and volumetric biogas yields of 383.86 ± 65.13 to 574.28 ± 72.04 mL/g VS and 0.87 ± 0.07 to 2.36 ± 0.13 m3/(m3·d), respectively. The co-digestion system with a mixture ratio of 75:25 failed at an OLR of 5.5 g VS/(L⋅d). This failure could be attributed to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) owing to the imbalance between acid-production and -oxidation bacteria. By contrast, the co-digestion system with mixture ratio of 50:50 failed at an OLR of 7.0 g VS/(L⋅d), which was likely due to mechanical issues or improper reactor configuration. The genus Proteiniphilum contributed to the increase in total ammonia nitrogen. These findings provide useful guidance for optimizing co-digestion system, enhancing reactor performance and improving the wastes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lianhua
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - He Shuibin
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sun Yongming
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China.
| | - Kang Xihui
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiang Junfeng
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Water Quality Security and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuan Zhenhong
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Liu Dingfa
- Guangdong Foodstuffs Imp. & Exp. (Group) Corp, Guangzhou, 510100, China
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Wang T, Zhu G, Li C, Zhou M, Wang R, Li J. Anaerobic digestion of sludge filtrate using anaerobic baffled reactor assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs and exoelectrogens: Pilot-scale verification. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115329. [PMID: 31785560 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The growing amount of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant is an emerging challenge in China. The efficient anaerobic digestion of sludge filtrate generated from hydrothermally pretreated sewage sludge can promote the disposal of sewage sludge. Herein, a pilot-scale anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs (SFAS) and exoelectrogens was developed to improve its stability and efficiency for filtrate treatment. The results demonstrated that the symbionts of exoelectrogens and SFAS, which were enriched by introduction of electrodes in the ABR system, promoted the degradation of butyric, propionic and acetic acids. Therefore, the COD removal efficiency increased from 74.1% to 86.6% and the methane content increased from 81.5% to 92.2% with methane production rising from 241 to 282 mL/g CODremoved. Furthermore, the economic evaluation indicated that the energy consumption of electrodes was 0.600 kWh/m3 of sludge filtrate, the net energy profited from increased methane was 2.344 kWh/m3 of sludge filtrate. These results confirmed that the ABR system assisted by symbionts of SFAS and exoelectrogens was feasible for treatment of sludge filtrate in terms of both technical and economic level through pilot-scale verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Gefu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Chunxing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mingdian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Two Phase Anaerobic Digestion System of Municipal Solid Waste by Utilizing Microaeration and Granular Activated Carbon. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13040933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In an anaerobic digestion (AD) process, the hydrolysis phase is often limited when substrates with high concentrations of solids are used. We hypothesized that applying micro-aeration in the hydrolysis phase and the application of granular activated carbon (GAC) in the methanogenesis phase could make the AD process more efficient. A packed bed reactor (PBR) coupled with an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) was conducted, and its effects on methane generation were evaluated. The micro-aeration rate applied in PBR was 254 L-air/kg-Total solids (TS)-d was compared with a control reactor. Micro-aeration showed that it reduced the hydrolysis time and increased the organic matter solubilization as chemical oxygen demand (COD) increasing 200%, with a volatile fatty acids (VFAs) increment higher than 300%, compared to the control reactor (without aeration). Our findings revealed that the implementations of microaeration and GAC in the two-phase AD system could enhance methane production by reducing hydrolysis time, increasing solid waste solubilization.
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28
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Bakraoui M, Hazzi M, Karouach F, Ouhammou B, El Bari H. Experimental biogas production from recycled pulp and paper wastewater by biofilm technology. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:1299-1307. [PMID: 31599377 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02735-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study is the evaluation of RPPW anaerobic digestion feasibility at laboratory scale under Mesophilic condition. The experiment is conducted using a two-stage biofilm digester of 5 L capacity with mobile support material. RESULTS Anaerobic treatment of wastewater from recycled pulp and paper industry in Morocco was tested using a laboratory-scale anaerobic biofilm digester that operated under mesophilic conditions over a 70-day. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) efficiency, volatile and total solid (VS, TS) elimination of the substrate during the process were: 78%, 52% and 48% respectively. The system was stable throughout its operating cycle with an optimum pH (7.24), alkalinity (1750 mg CaCO3/L) and a volatile fatty acid value (760 mg/L). The experimental daily biogas production measured reaches a value of 5 L/day with a composition of 71% methane, 27.6% carbon dioxide, 0.2 oxygen and 7713 ppm of the H2S. The study results show that the anaerobic biofilm reactor is a suitable technique for recycled pulp and paper wastewater (RPPW) treatment. The reactor shows high performances in terms of process stability, removal efficiency (> 70%) and biogas production. CONCLUSION Anaerobic digestion is an efficient waste treatment technology that uses natural anaerobic decomposition to reduce the volume of waste while producing biogas. However, research is needed to strengthen microbial metabolism, biochemistry and the functioning of the rector to improve biogas production. The RPPW AD experiment with biofilm digester technology was stable throughout the operation period. The digester knows an overloaded in the last phase of the experiment which leads to an inhibition of biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bakraoui
- Renewable Energy and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, IbnTofail University, University campus, B.P: 133, Kenitra, Morocco.
| | - Mohammed Hazzi
- Renewable Energy and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, IbnTofail University, University campus, B.P: 133, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Fadoua Karouach
- Renewable Energy and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, IbnTofail University, University campus, B.P: 133, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Badr Ouhammou
- Renewable Energy and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, IbnTofail University, University campus, B.P: 133, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Hassan El Bari
- Renewable Energy and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, IbnTofail University, University campus, B.P: 133, Kenitra, Morocco
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29
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Sun H, Ni P, Angelidaki I, Dong R, Wu S. Exploring stability indicators for efficient monitoring of anaerobic digestion of pig manure under perturbations. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 91:139-146. [PMID: 31203935 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of anaerobic digestion process is essential for achieving efficient and stable performance, thus requiring identification of effective stability indicators. The response of two experimental, continuously stirred tank reactors under mesophilic condition (fed with pig manure) was investigated to analyze the perturbation of organic and hydraulic overloading, and low-temperature shock. The pH was stably maintained in the range of 7.2-7.7, regardless of the presence of most simulated perturbation situations. Monitoring of biogas production and composition is important to reflect the current state of biogas process, but cannot predict the imbalance in the system. Accumulation of total VFAs up to 21,718 mg/L was observed under the organic overloading condition (rapid increase of the organic loading rate of pig manure from 3 g VS/L/d to 9 g VS/L/d), but not for other perturbations. The ratio of propionate to acetate and that of intermediate alkalinity to partial alkalinity are rapidly altered in response to all perturbations, indicating their potential to function as stability indicators. However, the determination of the ratio of intermediate alkalinity to partial alkalinity can be performed by simple titration methods and be easily applied to actual projects without significant investment in advanced equipment and skilled operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Ping Ni
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Renjie Dong
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shubiao Wu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, PR China; Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000C, Denmark.
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30
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Wu Y, Kovalovszki A, Pan J, Lin C, Liu H, Duan N, Angelidaki I. Early warning indicators for mesophilic anaerobic digestion of corn stalk: a combined experimental and simulation approach. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:106. [PMID: 31073330 PMCID: PMC6498497 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring and providing early warning are essential operations in the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. However, there are still several challenges for identifying the early warning indicators and their thresholds. One particular challenge is that proposed strategies are only valid under certain conditions. Another is the feasibility and universality of the detailed threshold values obtained from different AD systems. In this article, we report a novel strategy for identifying early warning indicators and defining threshold values via a combined experimental and simulation approach. RESULTS The AD of corn stalk (CS) was conducted using mesophilic, completely stirred anaerobic reactors. Two overload modes (organic and hydraulic) and overload types (sudden and gradual) were applied in order to identify early warning indicators of the process and determine their threshold values. To verify the selection of experimental indicators, a combined experimental and simulation approach was adopted, using a modified anaerobic bioconversion mathematical model (BioModel). Results revealed that the model simulations agreed well with the experimental data. Furthermore, the ratio of intermediate alkalinity to bicarbonate alkalinity (IA/BA) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were selected as the most potent early warning indicators, with warning times of 7 days and 5-8 days, respectively. In addition, IA, BA, and VFA/BA were identified as potential auxiliary indicators for diagnosing imbalances in the AD system. The relative variations for indicators based on that of steady state were observed instead of the absolute threshold values, which make the early warning more feasible and universal. CONCLUSION The strategy of a combined approach presented that the model is promising tool for selecting and monitoring early warning indicators in various corn stalk AD scenarios. This study may offer insight into industrial application of early warning in AD system with mathematical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wu
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Adam Kovalovszki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jiahao Pan
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Cong Lin
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Na Duan
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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31
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Arhoun B, Villen-Guzman MD, Vereda-Alonso C, Rodriguez-Maroto JM, Garcia-Herruzo F, Gómez-Lahoz C. Anaerobic co-digestion of municipal sewage sludge and fruit/vegetable waste: effect of different mixtures on digester stability and methane yield. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:628-634. [PMID: 30821586 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1579523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic co-digestion of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) and municipal sewage sludge (MSS) is investigated under mesophilic conditions. This was done at a constant hydraulic retention time (HRT) similar to that typically used at waste water treatment plant digesters, 20 days. The effects on digester performance of the FVW:MSS ratio and the organic loading rate (OLR) were examined. Initially the digester was fed with MSS from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) with an average OLR of 1.03 kgVS (m3 d)-1. The co-digestion of MSS and FVW was performed at various ratios of FVW in the mixture, while increasing the OLRs, from 1.03 to 4.78 kgVS (m3 d)-1. The experimental specific methane production (SMP) was 0.303 m3 (kgVS)-1 for MSS and 0.403 m3 (kgVS)-1 for FVW as single substrate. This value varied for co-digestion with a maximum of 0.445 m3 (kgVS)-1 for a FVW:MSS ratio of 40:60. Alkalinity and pH values remain relatively constant regardless the different FVW:MSS ratios fed. As this ratio increases, the removal of the volatile solids (VS) increased from 38.7% to 82%. The average methane content of digester biogas was about 62-64%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Arhoun
- a Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences , University of Malaga , Malaga , Spain
| | - Maria D Villen-Guzman
- a Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences , University of Malaga , Malaga , Spain
| | - Carlos Vereda-Alonso
- a Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences , University of Malaga , Malaga , Spain
| | | | | | - César Gómez-Lahoz
- a Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences , University of Malaga , Malaga , Spain
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32
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McLeod JD, Othman MZ, Parthasarathy R. Process intensification of anaerobic digestion: Influence on mixing and process performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 274:533-540. [PMID: 30557827 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of process intensification to anaerobic digestion can present significant complications for digester mixing and process performance. This work investigated how increasing the solids concentration of the digester sludge influenced the process at various mixing energy inputs. Based on the results, adequate mixing is defined qualitatively as the input of sufficient energy to mobilize the reactor contents without producing significant regions of inhibitory shear force. However, the quantitative definition is dependent on the solids concentration of the sludge. But, the existing design criterion of specific mixing power input based on fluid volume (W/m3) does not represent it well. Therefore, a new design criterion of specific mixing power input based on total solids in the sludge (W/kgTS) is proposed to achieve maximum biogas production using optimum power input. The relationship has its limitations, but it represents a significant step forward in the design and operation of improved digester mixing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D McLeod
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Maazuza Z Othman
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Rajarathinam Parthasarathy
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe St., Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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33
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Yu M, Gao M, Wang L, Ren Y, Wu C, Ma H, Wang Q. Kinetic modelling and synergistic impact evaluation for the anaerobic co-digestion of distillers' grains and food waste by ethanol pre-fermentation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:30281-30291. [PMID: 30155637 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion of food waste (FW) often leads to acidification inhibition owing to rapid biodegradation, resulting in system instability. In this study, distillers' grains (DG) and food waste were mixed in accordance with volatile solid (VS) ratios of 0.9:0.1, 0.85:0.15, 0.8:0.2, and 0.7:0.3. The experimental groups adopted yeast to conduct ethanol pre-fermentation and then inoculated sludge to perform anaerobic digestion, while the control groups conducted anaerobic digestion without pre-treatment. Results showed that the experimental groups had lower propionic acid concentrations; higher alkalinities, pH values and methane production rates and shorter stagnation periods than the control groups regardless of the mixing ratio. Specifically, at the DG/FW ratio of 0.7:0.3, compared with the control group, the propionic acid concentration was reduced by 59.6%, the alkalinity was increased by 41.7%. Even under high organic loading, the propionic acid and VFA did not accumulate in the system after ethanol pre-fermentation, and the anaerobic digestion system remained stable. At DG/FW ratios of 0.9:0.1 and 0.85:0.15, a synergistic effect was observed during the co-digestion of DG and FW. And, the synergistic effect of EP was relatively high, especially when the DG/FW ratio was 0.9:0.1, and methane yield increased by 26.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Architectural Engineering, Handan Polytechnic College, Handan, Hebei, 056001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chuanfu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongzhi Ma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Qunhui Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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34
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Zahedi S. Energy efficiency: Importance of indigenous microorganisms contained in the municipal solid wastes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 78:763-769. [PMID: 32559968 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2016 was an extraordinary year for renewable energy, as it had the largest global capacity additions seen to date. However, challenges remain, particularly beyond the power sector. Overcoming these challenges means pursuing goals on development and optimization of strategies focused in causing an increase in bioenergy usage. Considering the seriousness of the challenge this paper has been developed. In the present study, indigenous microorganisms gathered from municipal solid waste will be analysed at to find out the role such organisms have on an anaerobic digester and its performance, with the aim of producing biogas in order for it to be used as electricity or treated to produce high quality fuel. The presence of such anaerobic microbiota can help avoid the two most tragic situations of an anaerobic digestion plant: overloading and washing out. The information of the present paper would have to be considered in future researchers about pre-treatments because most novelty studies are focused on hard pre-treatment to destroy microorganisms in the substrate (to increase the biogas production). In the present paper, it is underlined that the destruction of the microbiota in the substrate could produce adverse effects in the performance in the reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zahedi
- Department of Environmental Technologies, University of Cadiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences (CASEM) Pol, Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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Ghanimeh SA, Al-Sanioura DN, Saikaly PE, El-Fadel M. Correlation between system performance and bacterial composition under varied mixing intensity in thermophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 206:472-481. [PMID: 29107803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the stability and efficiency of thermophilic anaerobic digesters treating food waste under various mixing velocities (50-160 rpm). The results showed that high velocities (120 and 160 rpm) were harmful to the digestion process with 18-30% reduction in methane generation and 1.8 to 3.8 times increase in volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations, compared to mild mixing (50 and 80 rpm). Also, the removal rate of soluble COD dropped from 75 to 85% (at 50-80 rpm) to 20-59% (at 120-160 rpm). Similarly, interrupted mixing caused adverse impacts and led to near-failure conditions with excessive VFA accumulation (15.6 g l-1), negative removal rate of soluble COD and low methane generation (132 ml gVS-1). The best efficiency and stability were achieved under mild mixing (50 and 80 rpm). In particular, the 50 rpm stirring speed resulted in the highest methane generation (573 ml gVS-1). High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that the digesters were dominated by one bacterial genus (Petrotoga; phylym Thermotogae) at all mixing velocities except at 0 rpm, where the community was dominated by one bacterial genus (Anaerobaculum; phylum Synergistetes). The Petrotoga genus seems to have played a major role in the degradation of organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia A Ghanimeh
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Notre Dame University - Louaize, Lebanon
| | - Dana N Al-Sanioura
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascal E Saikaly
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutasem El-Fadel
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
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Li L, Peng X, Wang X, Wu D. Anaerobic digestion of food waste: A review focusing on process stability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 248:20-28. [PMID: 28711296 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) is rich in biomass energy, and increasing numbers of national programs are being established to recover energy from FW using anaerobic digestion (AD). However process instability is a common operational issue for AD of FW. Process monitoring and control as well as microbial management can be used to control instability and increase the energy conversion efficiency of anaerobic digesters. Here, we review research progress related to these methods and identify existing limitations to efficient AD; recommendations for future research are also discussed. Process monitoring and control are suitable for evaluating the current operational status of digesters, whereas microbial management can facilitate early diagnosis and process optimization. Optimizing and combining these two methods are necessary to improve AD efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xuya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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Pérez-Pérez T, Pereda-Reyes I, Pozzi E, Oliva-Merencio D, Zaiat M. Performance and stability of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor modified with zeolite addition subjected to step increases of organic loading rate (OLR) and to organic shock load (OSL). WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:39-50. [PMID: 29339602 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper shows the effect of organic shock loads (OSLs) on the anaerobic digestion (AD) of synthetic swine wastewater using an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor modified with zeolite. Two reactors (R1 and R2), each with an effective volume of 3.04 L, were operated for 180 days at a controlled temperature of 30 °C and hydraulic retention time of 12 h. In the case of R2, 120 g of zeolite was added. The reactors were operated with an up-flow velocity of 6 m/h. The evolution of pH, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was monitored during the AD process with OSL and increases in the organic loading rate (OLR). In addition, the microbial composition and changes in the structure of the bacterial and archaeal communities were assessed. The principal results demonstrate that the presence of zeolite in an EGSB reactor provides a more stable process at higher OLRs and after applying OSL, based on both COD and VFA accumulation, which presented with significant differences compared to the control. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis band profiles indicated differences in the populations of Bacteria and Archaea between the R1 and R2 reactors, attributed to the presence of zeolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pérez-Pérez
- Institute of Animal Science (ICA), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba; Process Engineering Centre, Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana 'José Antonio Echeverría' (Cujae), 11901, 114 Street, Marianao, Havana, Cuba E-mail:
| | - I Pereda-Reyes
- Process Engineering Centre, Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana 'José Antonio Echeverría' (Cujae), 11901, 114 Street, Marianao, Havana, Cuba E-mail:
| | - E Pozzi
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental - Bloco 4-F, Av. João Dagnone, 1100 - Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - D Oliva-Merencio
- Study Centre of Renewable Energy Technologies, Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana 'José Antonio Echeverría' (Cujae), 11901, 114 Street, Marianao, Havana, Cuba
| | - M Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental - Bloco 4-F, Av. João Dagnone, 1100 - Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Piątek M, Lisowski A, Lisowska B. Application of titration methods for measuring the contents of ammonium nitrogen and volatile fatty acids in agricultural biogas plants. J Biotechnol 2017; 264:38-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Montalvo S, Cahn I, Borja R, Huiliñir C, Guerrero L. Use of solid residue from thermal power plant (fly ash) for enhancing sewage sludge anaerobic digestion: Influence of fly ash particle size. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:416-422. [PMID: 28787690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of fly ash particle size on methane production and anaerobic biodegradability was evaluated. Assays with different fly ash particle sizes (0.8-2.36mm) at a concentration of 50mg/L were ran under mesophilic conditions. In anaerobic processes operating with fly ash, greater removal of both volatile total and suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand (total and soluble) was achieved, with an increase of methane production between 28% and 96% compared to the control reactors. The highest increase occurred at ash particles sizes of 1.0-1.4mm. The metal concentrations in the digestates obtained after anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge are far below those considered as limiting for the use of sludge in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Montalvo
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O'Higgins 3363, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | - I Cahn
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O'Higgins 3363, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - R Borja
- Instituto de la Grasa, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide - Edificio 46, Ctra. de Utrera, Km. 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - C Huiliñir
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Lib. Bdo. O'Higgins 3363, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - L Guerrero
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
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da Silva Martins A, Ornelas Ferreira B, Ribeiro NC, Martins R, Rabelo Leite L, Oliveira G, Colturato LF, Chernicharo CA, de Araujo JC. Metagenomic analysis and performance of a mesophilic anaerobic reactor treating food waste at various load rates. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:2153-2163. [PMID: 27788622 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1247197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a demonstration-scale anaerobic reactor treating food waste was evaluated with an emphasis on microbial response to increasing organic loading rates (OLRs). The reactor exhibited a stable performance in terms of methane yield at OLR ranging from 1.0 to 2.4 kg VS L-1 day-1 (phases I and II), compared to that at phase III (OLR: 1.0-1.5 kg VS L-1 day-1) when the food waste exhibited greater acidity. Deep sequencing analysis revealed shifts in the microbial composition at each operational phase. The phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were favoured, whereas the abundance of Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi decreased at higher OLRs, indicating that fermenting-, hydrolytic- (and acidogenic) bacteria were selected under this condition. Changes were observed in the composition of methanogens, and not the abundance, in response to a shift in OLR. Methanosaeta and Methanospirillum dominated at low OLRs, indicating the importance of both acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogens for methane production during this condition. Methanosaeta almost disappeared at high OLRs, whereas Methanoculleus was favoured. Syntrophic prokaryotes were in high abundance (>9%), indicating that syntrophic methane production was important in this reactor. Syntrophic interactions between hydrogen-producer (Syntrophomonas and Desulfosporosinus) and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were more evident at high OLR. These results indicate that hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis contributed significantly to methane production at higher OLRs than when the reactor was operated at low OLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra da Silva Martins
- a Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Bernardo Ornelas Ferreira
- a Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Nirvana Cecília Ribeiro
- a Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Raiane Martins
- a Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Laura Rabelo Leite
- b Genomics and Computational Biology Group , René Rachou Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Guilherme Oliveira
- b Genomics and Computational Biology Group , René Rachou Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Colturato
- a Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Chernicharo
- a Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Juliana Calabria de Araujo
- a Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
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Zhang H, Xu J, Su X, Bao J, Wang K, Mao Z. Citric acid production by recycling its wastewater treated with anaerobic digestion and nanofiltration. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Ruigómez I, Vera L, González E, Rodríguez-Sevilla J. Pilot plant study of a new rotating hollow fibre membrane module for improved performance of an anaerobic submerged MBR. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Sun H, Wu S, Dong R. Monitoring Volatile Fatty Acids and Carbonate Alkalinity in Anaerobic Digestion: Titration Methodologies. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201500293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Protocol for Start-Up and Operation of CSTR Biogas Processes. SPRINGER PROTOCOLS HANDBOOKS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/8623_2016_214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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45
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McLeod JD, Othman MZ, Beale DJ, Joshi D. The use of laboratory scale reactors to predict sensitivity to changes in operating conditions for full-scale anaerobic digestion treating municipal sewage sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:384-390. [PMID: 25918031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge is highly complex and prone to inhibition, which can cause major issues for digester operators. The result is that there have been numerous investigations into changes in operational conditions, however to date all have focused on the qualitative sensitivities, neglecting the quantitative. This study therefore aimed to determine the quantitative sensitivities by using factorial design of experiments and small semi continuous reactors. Analysis showed total and volatile solids removals are chiefly influenced by retention time, with 79% and 59% of the observed results being attributed to retention time respectively, whereas biogas was mainly influenced by loading rate, 38%, and temperature, 22%. Notably the regression model fitted to the experimental data predicted full-scale performance with a high level of precision, indicating that small reactors are subject to the same sensitivity of full-scale digesters and thus can be used to predict changes loading, retention time, and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D McLeod
- School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Maazuza Z Othman
- School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - David J Beale
- Land and Water Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), PO Box 56, Highett, VIC 3190, Australia
| | - Deepak Joshi
- Melbourne Water, PO Box 4342, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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46
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Rico C, Muñoz N, Rico JL. Anaerobic co-digestion of cheese whey and the screened liquid fraction of dairy manure in a single continuously stirred tank reactor process: Limits in co-substrate ratios and organic loading rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:327-333. [PMID: 25911592 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of cheese whey and the screened liquid fraction of dairy manure was investigated with the aim of determining the treatment limits in terms of the cheese whey fraction in feed and the organic loading rate. The results of a continuous stirred tank reactor that was operated with a hydraulic retention time of 15.6 days showed that the co-digestion process was possible with a cheese whey fraction as high as 85% in the feed. The efficiency of the process was similar within the range of the 15-85% cheese whey fraction. To study the effect of the increasing loading rate, the HRT was progressively shortened with the 65% cheese whey fraction in the feed. The reactor efficiency dropped as the HRT decreased but enabled a stable operation over 8.7 days of HRT. At these operating conditions, a volumetric methane production rate of 1.37 m(3) CH4 m(-3) d(-1) was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rico
- Department of Water and Environmental Science and Technologies, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain.
| | - Noelia Muñoz
- Energy Lab (Sustainable Energy Technological Center), Edificio CITEXVI, Local 1 R/Fonte das Abelleiras, s/n, Campus Universitario de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Resources, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - José Luis Rico
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Resources, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
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Linke B, Rodríguez-Abalde Á, Jost C, Krieg A. Performance of a novel two-phase continuously fed leach bed reactor for demand-based biogas production from maize silage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 177:34-40. [PMID: 25479391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of producing biogas on demand from maize silage using a novel two-phase continuously fed leach bed reactor (LBR) which is connected to an anaerobic filter (AF). Six different feeding patterns, each for 1week, were studied at a weekly average of a volatile solids (VS) loading rate of 4.5 g L(-1) d(-1) and a temperature of 38°C. Methane production from the LBR and AF responded directly proportional to the VS load from the different daily feeding and resulted in an increase up to 50-60% per day, compared to constant feeding each day. The feeding patterns had no impact on VS methane yield which corresponded on average to 330 L kg(-1). In spite of some daily shock loadings, carried out during the different feeding patterns study, the reactor performance was not affected. A robust and reliable biogas production from stalky biomass was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Linke
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Ángela Rodríguez-Abalde
- EnergyLab, Edificio CITEXVI - Local 1, Fonte das Abelleiras, s/n, Campus Universitario de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Carsten Jost
- Department Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Krieg
- University of Applied Science and Arts, Holzminden/Hildesheim/Göttingen, Rudolf-Diesel-Straße 12, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
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48
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Londoño YA, Peñuela GA. Anaerobic biological treatment of methylparaben in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB). WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 71:1604-1610. [PMID: 26038924 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the behavior of an anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed system using different methylparaben (MPB) concentrations. The assay was conducted for 268 days and was divided into seven stages of operation, which included the starting stage and subsequent stages where the MPB concentration was increased. The inoculum that was used was a mixture of anaerobic granular sludge with flocculent active sludge that contained 21.7 g/L of total suspended solids and 17.4 g/L of volatile suspended solids, resulting in an organic content of approximately 80%. The MPB removals after applying concentrations of 300 mg/L, 500 mg/L and 1,000 mg/L during the different stages and adding glucose to the influent were 94±2.4%, 84±5.8% and 88±7.4%, respectively. For phases without glucose, the results were 97.4±0.4%, 96±1.6% and 98.2±0.3%, respectively. The results showed a high pollutant removal and good progress in terms of the physical and biological characteristics of the granular biomass, which showed no change in the presence of the compound or a concentration increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudy Andrea Londoño
- Grupo GDCON, Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52 - 21, Medellín, Colombia E-mail:
| | - Gustavo Antonio Peñuela
- Grupo GDCON, Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52 - 21, Medellín, Colombia E-mail:
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49
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Li L, He Q, Wei Y, He Q, Peng X. Early warning indicators for monitoring the process failure of anaerobic digestion system of food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 171:491-4. [PMID: 25218457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
To determine reliable state parameters which could be used as early warning indicators of process failure due to the acidification of anaerobic digestion of food waste, three mesophilic anaerobic digesters of food waste with different operation conditions were investigated. Such parameters as gas production, methane content, pH, concentrations of volatile fatty acid (VFA), alkalinity and their combined indicators were evaluated. Results revealed that operation conditions significantly affect the responses of parameters and thus the optimal early warning indicators of each reactor differ from each other. None of the single indicators was universally valid for all the systems. The universally valid indicators should combine several parameters to supply complementary information. A combination of total VFA, the ratio of VFA to total alkalinity (VFA/TA) and the ratio of bicarbonate alkalinity to total alkalinity (BA/TA) can reflect the metabolism of the digesting system and realize rapid and effective early warning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Qingming He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yunmei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xuya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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50
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Purser BJJ, Thai SM, Fritz T, Esteves SR, Dinsdale RM, Guwy AJ. An improved titration model reducing over estimation of total volatile fatty acids in anaerobic digestion of energy crop, animal slurry and food waste. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 61:162-170. [PMID: 24911562 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Titration methodologies have been used for the many years for low cost routine monitoring of full scale anaerobic digestion plants. These methodologies have been correlated to indicate the carbonate alkalinity and the volatile fatty acids (VFA) content within digesters. Two commonly used two end-point titration methods were compared using a dataset of 154 samples from energy crop and animal slurry digestates and were shown to be inaccurate in the estimation of tVFA. Using this dataset correlated with HPLC VFA analysis, two empirical bivariate linear regression equations were derived, where the validation dataset showed an absolute tVFA mean error improvement from ±3386 and ±3324 mg kg(-1) tVFA to ±410 and ±286 mg kg(-1) tVFA, respectively. The same equation was then applied to a food waste dataset where an absolute tVFA mean error was improved from ±3828 to ±576 mg kg(-1) tVFA. The newly derived titration equations can provide greater confidence in digester performance monitoring and are tools that can improve digester management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Jobling Purser
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK.
| | - S-M Thai
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - T Fritz
- ISF GmbH (Schaumann Research & Development), An der Mühlenau 4, D-25421 Pinneberg, Germany
| | - S R Esteves
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - R M Dinsdale
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - A J Guwy
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
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