1
|
Hussain M, Khan SM, Shafiq M, Abbas N, Sajjad U, Hamid K. Advances in biodegradable materials: Degradation mechanisms, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility for orthopedic applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32713. [PMID: 39027458 PMCID: PMC11254538 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mg-based and Zn-based biodegradable materials have the potential to become the next-generation implant materials to treat bone diseases, because of their desired degradation and mechanical properties. This article reviews the status of these implant materials. The required properties of biodegradable materials such as biodegradability, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility for performance evaluation were briefly discussed. The influence of fabrication techniques, microstructure, alloying elements, and post-processing techniques on the properties of Mg and Zn-based materials was addressed. The degradation mechanism by dissolution, oxidation, and interaction with human body cells was discussed. The biocompatibility of Mg and Zn-based biodegradable materials was analyzed. The significance of in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility testing was highlighted, emphasizing the superiority of in vivo results over cell line studies. This article identifies the many Mg and Zn-based biodegradable materials and summarizes the key findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Hussain
- Institute of Polymer & Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Maqsood Khan
- Institute of Polymer & Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Institute of Polymer & Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Abbas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Uzair Sajjad
- Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Khalid Hamid
- Process and Power Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kong L, Heydari Z, Lami GH, Saberi A, Baltatu MS, Vizureanu P. A Comprehensive Review of the Current Research Status of Biodegradable Zinc Alloys and Composites for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4797. [PMID: 37445111 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn)-based biodegradable materials show moderate degradation rates in comparison with other biodegradable materials (Fe and Mg). Biocompatibility and non-toxicity also make them a viable option for implant applications. Furthermore, Pure Zn has poor mechanical behavior, with a tensile strength of around 100-150 MPa and an elongation of 0.3-2%, which is far from reaching the strength required as an orthopedic implant material (tensile strength is more than 300 MPa, elongation more than 15%). Alloy and composite fabrication have proven to be excellent ways to improve the mechanical performance of Zn. Therefore, their alloys and composites have emerged as an innovative category of biodegradable materials. This paper summarizes the most important recent research results on the mechanical and biological characteristics of biodegradable Zn-based implants for orthopedic applications and the most commonly added components in Zn alloys and composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Kong
- School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China
| | - Zahra Heydari
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
| | - Ghadeer Hazim Lami
- Department of Material Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1777613651, Iran
| | - Abbas Saberi
- Department of Material Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1777613651, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran 1777613651, Iran
| | - Madalina Simona Baltatu
- Department of Technologies and Equipments for Materials Processing, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iaşi, Blvd. Mangeron, No. 51, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Petrica Vizureanu
- Department of Technologies and Equipments for Materials Processing, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iaşi, Blvd. Mangeron, No. 51, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
张 天, 刘 宇, 王 韦, 赵 德. [Research status and development of biodegradable zinc alloy as orthopedics implant]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2023; 40:589-594. [PMID: 37380401 PMCID: PMC10307599 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202204077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Znic (Zn) alloys with good cytocompatibility and suitable degradation rate have been a kind of biodegradable metal with great potential for clinical applications. This paper summarizes the biological role of degradable Zn alloy as bone implant materials, discusses the mechanical properties of different Zn alloys and their advantages and disadvantages as bone implant materials, and analyzes the influence of different processing strategies (such as alloying and additive manufacturing) on the mechanical properties of Zn alloys. This paper provides systematic design approaches for biodegradable Zn alloys as bone implant materials in terms of the material selection, product processing, structural topology optimization, and assesses their application prospects with a view to better serve the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 天蔚 张
- 大连交通大学 机械工程学院(辽宁大连 116028)College of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, Liaoning 116028, P. R. China
- 大连大学附属中山医院 骨科(辽宁大连 116001)Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P. R. China
| | - 宇宸 刘
- 大连交通大学 机械工程学院(辽宁大连 116028)College of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, Liaoning 116028, P. R. China
| | - 韦丹 王
- 大连交通大学 机械工程学院(辽宁大连 116028)College of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, Liaoning 116028, P. R. China
| | - 德伟 赵
- 大连交通大学 机械工程学院(辽宁大连 116028)College of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, Liaoning 116028, P. R. China
- 大连大学附属中山医院 骨科(辽宁大连 116001)Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang M, Li F, Wang Y, Chen H, Tian J, Zhao Z, Schneider KH, Li G. Woven Vascular Stent-Grafts with Surface Modification of Silk Fibroin-Based Paclitaxel/Metformin Microspheres. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040399. [PMID: 37106586 PMCID: PMC10136065 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In-stent restenosis caused by tumor ingrowth increases the risk of secondary surgery for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) because conventional vascular stent grafts suffer from mechanical fatigue, thrombosis, and endothelial hyperplasia. For that, we report a woven vascular stent-graft with robust mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and drug delivery functions to inhibit thrombosis and the growth of AAA. Paclitaxel (PTX)/metformin (MET)-loaded silk fibroin (SF) microspheres were self-assembly synthesized by emulsification-precipitation technology and layer-by-layer coated on the surface of a woven stent via electrostatic bonding. The woven vascular stent-graft before and after coating drug-loaded membranes were characterized and analyzed systematically. The results show that small-sized drug-loaded microspheres increased the specific surface area and promoted the dissolution/release of drugs. The stent-grafts with drug-loaded membranes exhibited a slow drug-release profile more for than 70 h and low water permeability at 158.33 ± 17.56 mL/cm2·min. The combination of PTX and MET inhibited the growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Therefore, it was possible to generate dual-drug-loaded woven vascular stent-grafts to achieve the more effective treatment of AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Liang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Fang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yukchoi Rd, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Karl H Schneider
- Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Advanced Textile Engineering Technology Center, Nantong 226007, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Diaa AA, El-Mahallawy N, Shoeib M, Lallemand N, Mouillard F, Masson P, Carradò A. Effect of Mg Addition and PMMA Coating on the Biodegradation Behaviour of Extruded Zn Material. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:707. [PMID: 36676444 PMCID: PMC9863199 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although zinc (Zn) is one of the elements with the greatest potential for biodegradable uses, pure Zn does not have the ideal mechanical or degrading properties for orthopaedic applications. The current research aims at studying the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of pure Zn (used as a reference material) and Zn alloyed with 1.89 wt.% magnesium (Mg), both in their extruded states as well as after being coated with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The grafting-from approach was used to create a PMMA covering. The "grafting-from" method entails three steps: the alkali activation of the alloys, their functionalization with an initiator of polymerization through a phosphonate-attaching group, and the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerisation (SI-ATRP) to grow PMMA chains. Electrochemical and immersion corrosion tests were carried out in a simulated body fluid (SBF), and both confirmed the enhanced corrosion behaviour obtained after coating. The electrochemical test revealed a decrease in the degradation rate of the alloy from 0.37 ± 0.14 mm/y to 0.22 ± 0.01 mm/y. The immersion test showed the ability of complete protection for 240 h. After 720 h of immersion, the coated alloy displays minute crevice corrosion with very trivial pitting compared to the severe localized (galvanic and pitting) corrosion type that was detected in the bare alloy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alia A. Diaa
- Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
- Department of Design and Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Nahed El-Mahallawy
- Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, Egypt
- Department of Design and Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Madiha Shoeib
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, El Tebbin, Cairo 11722, Egypt
| | - Nicolas Lallemand
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Flavien Mouillard
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Masson
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Adele Carradò
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hussain M, Ullah S, Raza MR, Abbas N, Ali A. Recent Developments in Zn-Based Biodegradable Materials for Biomedical Applications. J Funct Biomater 2022; 14:1. [PMID: 36662048 PMCID: PMC9865652 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Zn-based biodegradable alloys or composites have the potential to be developed to next-generation orthopedic implants as alternatives to conventional implants to avoid revision surgeries and to reduce biocompatibility issues. This review summarizes the current research status on Zn-based biodegradable materials. The biological function of Zn, design criteria for orthopedic implants, and corrosion behavior of biodegradable materials are briefly discussed. The performance of many novel zinc-based biodegradable materials is evaluated in terms of biodegradation, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Zn-based materials perform a significant role in bone metabolism and the growth of new cells and show medium degradation without the release of excessive hydrogen. The addition of alloying elements such as Mg, Zr, Mn, Ca, and Li into pure Zn enhances the mechanical properties of Zn alloys. Grain refinement by the application of post-processing techniques is effective for the development of many suitable Zn-based biodegradable materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Punjab 57000, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Rafi Raza
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Punjab 57000, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Abbas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahsan Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang J, Zhai B, Gao J, Li Z, Zheng Y, Ma M, Li Y, Zhang K, Guo Y, Shi X, Liu B, Gao G, Sun L. Plain metallic biomaterials: opportunities and challenges. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac093. [PMID: 36683734 PMCID: PMC9847527 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'plainification of materials' has been conceptualized to promote the sustainable development of materials. This perspective, for the first time in the field of biomaterials, proposes and defines 'plain metallic biomaterials (PMBs)' with demonstrated research and application case studies of pure titanium with high strength and toughness, and biodegradable, fine-grained and high-purity magnesium. Then, after discussing the features, benefits and opportunities of PMBs, the challenges are analyzed from both technical and regulatory aspects. Regulatory perspectives on PMB-based medical devices are also provided for the benefit of future research, development and commercialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Zhang
- Correspondence address. E-mail: (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Bao Zhai
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Product Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jintao Gao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Center for Medical Device Evaluation and Inspection of NMPA, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Product Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Correspondence address. E-mail: (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Minglong Ma
- Correspondence address. E-mail: (J.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Process, GRINM Group Corporation Limited (General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals), Beijing 100088, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Process, GRINM Group Corporation Limited (General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals), Beijing 100088, China
| | - Yajuan Guo
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Product Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Product Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Center for Medical Device Evaluation and Inspection of NMPA, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Guobiao Gao
- Center for Medical Device Evaluation, National Medical Product Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chu T, Li Q, Dai C, Li X, Kong X, Fan Y, Yin H, Ge J. A novel Nanocellulose-Gelatin-AS-IV external stent resists EndMT by activating autophagy to prevent restenosis of grafts. Bioact Mater 2022; 22:466-481. [PMID: 36330163 PMCID: PMC9615139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vein grafts are widely used for coronary artery bypass grafting and hemodialysis access, but restenosis remains the "Achilles' heel" of these treatments. An extravascular stent is one wrapped around the vein graft and provides mechanical strength; it can buffer high arterial pressure and secondary vascular dilation of the vein to prevent restenosis. In this study, we developed a novel Nanocellulose-gelatin hydrogel, loaded with the drug Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) as an extravascular scaffold to investigate its ability to reduce restenosis. We found that the excellent physical and chemical properties of the drug AS-IV loaded Nanocellulose-gelatin hydrogel external stent limit graft vein expansion and make the stent biocompatible. We also found it can prevent restenosis by resisting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in vitro. It does so by activating autophagy, and AS-IV can enhance this effect both in vivo and in vitro. This study has added to existing research on the mechanism of extravascular stents in preventing restenosis of grafted veins. Furthermore, we have developed a novel extravascular stent for the prevention and treatment of restenosis. This will help optimize the clinical treatment plan of external stents and improve the prognosis in patients with vein grafts. The NC-Gelatin extravascular stent has suitable physicochemical properties to prevent restenosis of the grafted veins. The NC-Gelatin extravascular stent has excellent biocompatibility, which is critical for grafting veins. The NC-Gelatin extravascular stent prevents restenosis by activating autophagy against EndMT. AS-IV can enhance the effect of the stent to activate autophagy against EndMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Chu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Cardiopulmonary and Vascular Materials, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Qingye Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xin Kang Road, Yaan, Sichuan Province, 625014, PR China
| | - Chun Dai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Cardiopulmonary and Vascular Materials, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xiang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Cardiopulmonary and Vascular Materials, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yangming Fan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Cardiopulmonary and Vascular Materials, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Hongyan Yin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China,Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Cardiopulmonary and Vascular Materials, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China,Corresponding author. The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang H, Li G, Jia Q, Bian D, Guan S, Kulyasova O, Valiev RZ, Rau JV, Zheng Y. Recent advances on the mechanical behavior of zinc based biodegradable metals focusing on the strain softening phenomenon. Acta Biomater 2022; 152:1-18. [PMID: 36028200 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Zinc based biodegradable metals (BMs) show great potential to be used in various biomedical applications, owing to their superior biodegradability and biocompatibility. Some high-strength (ultimate tensile strength > 600 MPa) Zn based BMs have already been developed through alloying and plastic working, making their use in load-bearing environments becomes a reality. However, different from Mg and Fe based BMs, Zn based BMs exhibit significant "strain-softening" effect that leads to limited uniform deformation. Non-uniform deformation is detrimental to Zn based devices or implants, which will possibly lead to unexpected failure. People might be misled by the considerable fracture elongation of Zn based BMs. Thus, it is important to specify uniform elongation as a term of mechanical requirements for Zn based BMs. In this review, recent advances on the mechanical properties of Zn based BMs have been comprehensively summarized, especially focusing on the strain softening phenomenon. At first, the origin and evaluation criteria of strain softening were introduced. Secondly, the effects of alloying elements (including element type, single or multiple addition, and alloying content) and microstructural characteristics (grain size, constituent phase, phase distribution, etc.) on mechanical properties (especially for uniform elongation) of Zn based BMs were summarized. Finally, how to get a good balance between strength and uniform elongation was generally discussed based on the service environment. In addition, possible ways to minimize or eliminate the strain softening effect were also proposed, such as controlling of twins, solute clusters, and grain boundary characteristics. All these items above would be helpful to understand the mechanical instability of Zn based BMs, and to make the full usage of them in the future medical device design. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biodegradable metals (BMs) is a hotspot in the field of metallic biomaterials. Fracture elongation is normally adopted to quantify the deformability of Mg and Fe based BMs owing to their negligible necking strain, yet the strain softening would occur in Zn based BMs, which is extremely detrimental to performance of their medical device. In this review paper, a better understanding the mechanical performance of Zn-based BMs with the term "uniform elongation" instead of "fracture elongation" was depicted, and possible ways to minimize or eliminate the strain softening effect were also proposed, such as twins, solute clusters, self-stable dislocation network, and grain boundary characteristics. It would be helpful to understand the mechanical instability of Zn based BMs and making full usage of it in the future medical device design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Guannan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qinggong Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Dong Bian
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Shaokang Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Olga Kulyasova
- Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 K. Marx St., Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - R Z Valiev
- Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 K. Marx St., Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Julietta V Rau
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100-00133, Rome, Italy; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical, Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Trubetskaya 8, build. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Influence of Strain Rates during Severe Plastic Strain Processes on Microstructural and Mechanical Evolution in Pure Zinc. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144892. [PMID: 35888359 PMCID: PMC9322622 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study presents an analysis of the influence of the plastic strain rate on the mechanical and structural properties of pure zinc. Thanks to the use of unconventional methods of plastic processing, the process of the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and the process of hydrostatic extrusion (HE), the tests were performed in a wide range of plastic strain rates, between 0.04 s−1 and 170 s−1. Plastic strain rate changes were carried out in the course of the significant plastic strain processes, and not on previously deformed samples. All tests were carried out at a constant value of plastic strain rate, ε ~ 2. A strong influence of the plastic strain rate on changes in the microstructure in zinc was observed during the tests. For the rates in the range of 0.04 s−1 to 0.53 s−1 its bimodal nature was observed, and in the range of 7 s−1 to 170 s−1 high homogeneity and evenness of grains related to the processes of continuous dynamic recrystallization was noticed. The effect of the strong homogenization of the microstructure was the increase in mechanical properties, yield point and tensile strength to the maximum values of UTS = 194 MPa, YS = 145 MPa at a strain rate of 170 s−1. Compared to the material with a bimodal microstructure, an over seven-fold increase in the elongation value was observed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Fabrication and characterization of biodegradable Zn-Cu-Mn alloy micro-tubes and vascular stents: microstructure, texture, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:647-660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
12
|
Bao G, Wang K, Yang L, He J, He B, Xu X, Zheng Y. Feasibility evaluation of a Zn-Cu alloy for intrauterine devices: In vitro and in vivo studies. Acta Biomater 2022; 142:374-387. [PMID: 35108602 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The comprehensively adopted copper-containing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUDs) present typical adverse effects such as bleeding and pain at the initial stage of post-implantation. The replacement of Cu material is demanded. Zinc and its alloys, the emerging biodegradable materials, exhibited contraceptive effects since 1969. In this work, we evaluated the feasibility of bulk Zn alloys as IUD active material. Using pure Cu and pure Zn as control groups, we investigated the contraceptive performance of Zn-0.5Cu and Zn-1Cu alloys via in vitro and in vivo tests. The results showed that the main corrosion product of Zn-Cu alloys is ZnO from both in vitro and in vivo studies. CaZn2(PO4)2·2H2O is formed atop after long-term immersion in simulated uterine fluid, whereas CaCO3 is generally formed atop after implantation in the rat uterine environment. The cytocompatibility of the Zn-1Cu alloy was significantly higher than that of the pure Zn and pure Cu to the human endometrial epithelial cell lines. Furthermore, the in vivo results showed that the Zn-1Cu alloy presented much improved histocompatibility, least damage and the fastest recovery on endometrium structure in comparison to pure Zn, Zn-0.5Cu and pure Cu. The systematic and comparing studies suggest that Zn-1Cu alloy can be considered as a possible candidate for IUD with great biochemical and biocompatible properties as well as high contraceptive effectiveness. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The existing adverse effects with the intrinsic properties of copper materials for copper-containing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUD) are of concerns in their employment. Such as burst release of cupric ions (Cu2+) at the initial stage of the Cu-IUD. Zinc and its alloys which have been emerging as a potential biodegradable material exhibited contraceptive effects since 1969. In this study, Zn-1Cu alloys displayed significantly improved biocompatibility with human uterus cells and a decreased inflammatory response within the uterus. Therefore, high antifertility efficacy of the Zn-1Cu alloy was well maintained, while the adverse effects are significantly eased, suggesting that the Zn-1Cu alloy is promising for IUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Bao
- Department of Reproduction and Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Reproduction and Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Reproduction and Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jialing He
- Department of Reproduction and Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin He
- Department of Reproduction and Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, No.5 Yi-He-Yuan Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100871, China; International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
In Vitro Corrosion Behavior of Zn3Mg0.7Y Biodegradable Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable metallic materials represent a new class of biocompatible materials for medical applications based on numerous advantages. Among them, those based on zinc have a rate of degradation close to the healing period required by many clinical problems, which makes them more suitable than those based on magnesium or iron. The poor mechanical properties of Zn could be significantly improved by the addition of Mg and Y. In this research, we analyze the electro-chemical and mechanical behavior of a new alloy based on Zn3Mg0.7Y compared with pure Zn and Zn3Mg materials. Microstructure and chemical composition were investigated by electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The electrochemical corrosion was analyzed by linear polarization (LP), cyclic polarization (CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For hardness and scratch resistance, a microhardness tester and a scratch module were used. Findings revealed that the mechanical properties of Zn improved through the addition of Mg and Y. Zn, Zn-Mg and Zn-Mg-Y alloys in this study showed highly active behavior in SBF with uniform corrosion. Zinc metals and their alloys with magnesium and yttrium showed a moderate degradation rate and can be considered as promising biodegradable materials for orthopedic application.
Collapse
|
14
|
Fang H, Qi X, Zhou S, Yang S, Hang C, Tian Y, Wang C. High-Efficient Vacuum Ultraviolet-Ozone Assist-Deposited Polydopamine for Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)-Coated Pure Zn toward Biodegradable Cardiovascular Stent Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:3536-3550. [PMID: 34941257 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a prospective metal for biodegradable cardiovascular stent applications, but the excessively released Zn2+ during degradation remains a huge challenge in biocompatibility. Considerable efforts have been made to develop a high-efficient surface modification method, while maintaining adhesion strength, mechanical support, and vascular compatibility. Biomimetic polydopamine (PDA) can adhere to Zn tightly, subsequently achieving robust chemical bonds with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) coating. However, the deposition of PDA on Zn depends on the controlled conditions such as a sensitive pH and a long period of time. Herein, we introduce vacuum ultraviolet-ozone (VUV/O3) assist-deposition technology to accelerate the polymerization of PDA on pure Zn, which shortens the process to 40 min at a moderate pH of 8.5 and improves the deposition rate by 1-2 orders of magnitude under sufficient active oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, PLGA/PDA coating enhances the corrosion resistance, and their effective protection maintains the mechanical properties after long-term corrosion. Moreover, the controlled Zn2+ release contributes to the superior in vitro biocompatibility, which inhibits the hemolysis rate and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. The enhanced endothelial cell (EC) proliferation is promising to promote the re-endothelialization, avoiding in-stent restenosis and neointimal hyperplasia. Such modified Zn might be a viable candidate for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shicheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shuhan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunjin Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yanhong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiang J, Qian Y, Huang H, Niu J, Yuan G. Biodegradable Zn-Cu-Mn alloy with suitable mechanical performance and in vitro degradation behavior as a promising candidate for vascular stents. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 133:112652. [PMID: 35034818 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, zinc (Zn) alloy has been considered as a promising biodegradable material due to its excellent physiological degradable behavior and acceptable biocompatibility. However, poor mechanical performance limits its application as vascular stents. In this study, novel biodegradable Zn-2.2Cu-xMn (x = 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 wt%) alloys with suitable mechanical performance were investigated. The effects of Mn addition on microstructure, mechanical properties, and in vitro degradation of Zn-2.2Cu-xMn alloys were systematically investigated. After adding Mn, dynamic recrystallization (DRX) during hot extrusion was promoted, resulting in slightly finer grain size, higher DRXed regions ratio, and weaker texture. And volume fraction and number density of second phase precipitates (micron, submicron, and nano-sized ε and MnZn13 phase) and the concentration of (Cu, Mn) in the matrix were increased. Therefore, Zn-2.2Cu-xMn alloys exhibited suitable mechanical performances (strength >310 MPa, elongation >30%) mainly due to the combination effects of grain refinement, solid solution strengthening, second phase precipitation hardening, and texture weakening. Moreover, the alloys maintained good stability of mechanical properties within 18 months and good elongation over 15% even at a high strain rate of 0.1 s-1. In addition, the alloys presented appropriate in vitro degradation rates in a basically uniform degradation mode and acceptable in vitro cytocompatibility. The above results indicated that the newly designed biodegradable Zn-2.2Cu-0.4Mn alloy with suitable comprehensive mechanical properties, appropriate degradation behavior, and acceptable cytocompatibility is a promising candidate for vascular stents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimiao Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi Qian
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hua Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jialin Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guangyin Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming & State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guan Z, Linsley CS, Pan S, Yao G, Wu BM, Levi DS, Li X. Zn-Mg-WC Nanocomposites for Bioresorbable Cardiovascular Stents: Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Fatigue, Shelf Life, and Corrosion. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:328-339. [PMID: 34964351 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) and Zn alloys have been studied as potential materials for bioresorbable stents (BRSs) in the last decade due to their favorable biodegradability and biocompatibility. However, most Zn alloys lack the necessary combination of strength, ductility, fatigue resistance, corrosion rate (CR), and thermal stability needed for such applications. In this study, nanoparticles made of tungsten carbide (WC) were successfully incorporated into Zn alloyed with 0.5 wt % magnesium (Mg) and evaluated for their suitability for BRS applications. Specifically, the resulting Zn-0.5Mg-WC nanocomposite's microstructure, mechanical properties, in vitro CR, and thermal stability were evaluated. The Zn-0.5Mg-WC nanocomposite had excellent mechanical strength [ultimate tensile strength (UTS) > 250 MPa], elongation to failure (>30%), and a suitable in vitro CR (∼0.02 mm/y) for this clinical application. Moreover, the Zn-0.5Mg-WC nanocomposite survived 10 million cycles of tensile loading (stress ratio, R = 0.053) when the maximum stress was 80% of the yield stress. Its ductility was also retained during a 90-day thermal stability study, indicating an excellent shelf life. Stent prototypes were fabricated using this composition and were successfully deployed during bench testing without fracture. These results show that the Zn-0.5Mg-WC nanocomposite is a promising material for BRS applications. In vivo studies are underway to validate both biocompatibility, stent function, and degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Guan
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 48-121 Engineering IV, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chase S Linsley
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shuaihang Pan
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 48-121 Engineering IV, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Gongcheng Yao
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles. 410 Westwood Plaza, 3111 Engineering V, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 5121 Engineering V, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles. 410 Westwood Plaza, 3111 Engineering V, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS B3-087, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Daniel S Levi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children's Heart Center 330, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles. 200 Medical Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Medicine, Ahmanson Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 100 Medical Plaza Driveway Suite 630, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, 48-121 Engineering IV, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles. 410 Westwood Plaza, 3111 Engineering V, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang E, Zhao X, Hu J, Wang R, Fu S, Qin G. Antibacterial metals and alloys for potential biomedical implants. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2569-2612. [PMID: 33615045 PMCID: PMC7876544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metals and alloys, including stainless steel, titanium and its alloys, cobalt alloys, and other metals and alloys have been widely used clinically as implant materials, but implant-related infection or inflammation is still one of the main causes of implantation failure. The bacterial infection or inflammation that seriously threatens human health has already become a worldwide complaint. Antibacterial metals and alloys recently have attracted wide attention for their long-term stable antibacterial ability, good mechanical properties and good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. In this review, common antibacterial alloying elements, antibacterial standards and testing methods were introduced. Recent developments in the design and manufacturing of antibacterial metal alloys containing various antibacterial agents were described in detail, including antibacterial stainless steel, antibacterial titanium alloy, antibacterial zinc and alloy, antibacterial magnesium and alloy, antibacterial cobalt alloy, and other antibacterial metals and alloys. Researches on the antibacterial properties, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of antibacterial metals and alloys have been summarized in detail for the first time. It is hoped that this review could help researchers understand the development of antibacterial alloys in a timely manner, thereby could promote the development of antibacterial metal alloys and the clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erlin Zhang
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
- Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Ruoxian Wang
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Shan Fu
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
| | - Gaowu Qin
- Key Lab. for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Education Ministry of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 150819, China
- Research Center for Metallic Wires, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zinc alloy-based bone internal fixation screw with antibacterial and anti-osteolytic properties. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4607-4624. [PMID: 34095620 PMCID: PMC8141820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no targeted effective treatment for patients undergoing internal fixation surgery/two-stage total joint revision surgery with a high risk of postoperative infection and osteolysis, while the rate of reoperation due to infection and osteolysis remains high. In this study, we report a pioneering application of implants made of biodegradable Zn–Ag alloy with active antibacterial and anti-osteolytic properties in three classical animal models, illustrating antibacterial, anti-osteolysis, and internal fixation for fractures. The antibacterial activity of the Zn–2Ag alloy was verified in a rat femur osteomyelitis prevention model, while the anti-osteolytic properties were evaluated using a mouse cranial osteolysis model. Moreover, the Zn–2Ag based screws showed similar performance in bone fracture fixation compared to the Ti–6Al–4V counterpart. The fracture healed completely after 3 months in the rabbit femoral condyle fracture model. Furthermore, the underlying antibacterial mechanism may include inhibition of biofilm formation, autolysis-related pathways, and antibiotic resistance pathways. Osseointegration mechanisms may include inhibition of osteoclast-associated protein expression, no effect on osteogenic protein expression, and no activation of related inflammatory protein expression. The empirical findings here reveal the great potential of Zn–Ag-based alloys for degradable biomaterials in internal fixation surgery/two-stage total joint revision surgery for patients with a high risk of postoperative infection and osteolysis. Zn–2Ag alloy is designed for orthopedic applications. Zn–2Ag alloy exhibit outstanding antibacterial properties in a rat femur osteomyelitis prevention model. Zn–2Ag alloy exhibit outstanding anti-osteolytic properties in a mouse cranial osteolysis model. Zn-2Ag based screws showed reliable performance in bone fracture fixation in the rabbit femoral condyle fracture model.
Collapse
|