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Moseley RC, Tuskan GA, Yang X. Comparative Genomics Analysis Provides New Insight Into Molecular Basis of Stomatal Movement in Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:292. [PMID: 30930922 PMCID: PMC6425862 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CO2 uptake and water loss in plants are regulated by microscopic pores on the surface of leaves, called stomata. This enablement of gas exchange by the opening and closing of stomata is one of the most essential processes in plant photosynthesis and transpiration, affecting water-use efficiency (WUE) and thus drought susceptibility. In plant species with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis, diel stomatal movement pattern is inverted relative to C3 and C4 photosynthesis species, resulting in much higher WUE and drought tolerance. However, little is known about the molecular basis of stomatal movement in CAM species. The goal of this study is to identify candidate genes that could play a role in stomatal movement in an obligate CAM species, Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi. By way of a text-mining approach, proteins were identified in various plant species, spanning C3, C4, and CAM photosynthetic types, which are orthologous to proteins known to be involved in stomatal movement. A comparative analysis of diel time-course gene expression data was performed between K. fedtschenkoi and two C3 species (i.e., Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum) to identify differential gene expression between the dusk and dawn phases of the 24-h cycle. A rescheduled catalase gene known to be involved in stomatal movement was identified, suggesting a role for H2O2 in CAM-like stomatal movement. Overall, these results provide new insights into the molecular regulation of stomatal movement in CAM plants, facilitating genetic improvement of drought resistance in agricultural crops through manipulation of stomata-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerald A. Tuskan
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- The Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- The Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Xiaohan Yang,
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Alassimone J, Fujita S, Doblas VG, van Dop M, Barberon M, Kalmbach L, Vermeer JEM, Rojas-Murcia N, Santuari L, Hardtke CS, Geldner N. Polarly localized kinase SGN1 is required for Casparian strip integrity and positioning. NATURE PLANTS 2016; 2:16113. [PMID: 27455051 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2016.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Casparian strips are precisely localized and aligned ring-like cell wall modifications in the root of all higher plants. They set up an extracellular diffusion barrier analogous to animal tight junctions, and are crucial for maintaining the homeostatic capacity of plant roots. Casparian strips become localized because of the formation of a highly stable plasma membrane domain, consisting of a family of small transmembrane proteins called Casparian strip membrane domain proteins (CASPs). Here we report a large-scale forward genetic screen directly visualizing endodermal barrier function, which allowed us to identify factors required for the formation and integrity of Casparian strips. We present the identification and characterization of one of the mutants, schengen1 (sgn1), a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase that we show localizes in a strictly polar fashion to the outer plasma membrane of endodermal cells and is required for the positioning and correct formation of the centrally located CASP domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Alassimone
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Verónica G Doblas
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maritza van Dop
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Barberon
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lothar Kalmbach
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joop E M Vermeer
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nelson Rojas-Murcia
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Santuari
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian S Hardtke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Niko Geldner
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, Campus UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Balmant KM, Zhang T, Chen S. Protein Phosphorylation and Redox Modification in Stomatal Guard Cells. Front Physiol 2016; 7:26. [PMID: 26903877 PMCID: PMC4742557 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM) is recognized as a major process accounting for protein structural variation, functional diversity, and the dynamics and complexity of the proteome. Since PTMs can change the structure and function of proteins, they are essential to coordinate signaling networks and to regulate important physiological processes in eukaryotes. Plants are constantly challenged by both biotic and abiotic stresses that reduce productivity, causing economic losses in crops. The plant responses involve complex physiological, cellular, and molecular processes, with stomatal movement as one of the earliest responses. In order to activate such a rapid response, stomatal guard cells employ cellular PTMs of key protein players in the signaling pathways to regulate the opening and closure of the stomatal pores. Here we discuss two major types of PTMs, protein phosphorylation and redox modification that play essential roles in stomatal movement under stress conditions. We present an overview of PTMs that occur in stomatal guard cells, especially the methods and technologies, and their applications in PTM identification and quantification. Our focus is on PTMs that modify molecular components in guard cell signaling at the stages of signal perception, second messenger production, as well as downstream signaling events and output. Improved understanding of guard cell signaling will enable generation of crops with enhanced stress tolerance, and increased yield and bioenergy through biotechnology and molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Balmant
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
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Sun X, Sun M, Luo X, Ding X, Ji W, Cai H, Bai X, Liu X, Zhu Y. A Glycine soja ABA-responsive receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, GsRLCK, positively controls plant tolerance to salt and drought stresses. PLANTA 2013; 237:1527-45. [PMID: 23494614 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-1864-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Receptor such as protein kinases are proposed to work as sensors to initiate signaling cascades in higher plants. However, little is known about the precise functions of receptor such as protein kinases in abiotic stress response in plants, especially in wild soybean. Here, we focused on characterization of the biological functions of a receptor-like cytoplasmic serine/threonine protein kinase gene, GsRLCK, which was previously identified as a putative salt-alkali stress-related gene from the transcriptome profiles of Glycine soja. Bioinformatic analysis showed that GsRLCK protein contained a conserved kinase catalytic domain and two transmembrane domains at the N-terminus, but no typical extracellular domain. Consistently, GsRLCK-eGFP fusion protein was observed on the plasma membrane, but eGFP alone was distributing throughout the cytoplasm in onion epidermal cells. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed the induced expression of GsRLCK by ABA, salt, alkali, and drought stresses. However, the expression levels of GsRLCK seemed to be similar in different tissues, except soybean pod. Phenotypic assays demonstrated that GsRLCK overexpression decreased ABA sensitivity and altered expression levels of ABA-responsive genes. Furthermore, we also found that GsRLCK conferred increased tolerance to salt and drought stresses and increased expression levels of a handful of stress-responsive genes, when overexpressing in Arabidopsis. In a word, we gave exact evidence that GsRLCK was a novel receptor-like cytoplasmic protein kinase and played a crucial role in plant responses to ABA, salt, and drought stresses.
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MESH Headings
- Abscisic Acid/pharmacology
- Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Arabidopsis/drug effects
- Arabidopsis/genetics
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Droughts
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Genes, Plant/genetics
- Germination/drug effects
- Germination/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Plant Epidermis/cytology
- Plant Epidermis/drug effects
- Plant Proteins/chemistry
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Salinity
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
- Glycine max/drug effects
- Glycine max/enzymology
- Glycine max/genetics
- Glycine max/physiology
- Stress, Physiological/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoLi Sun
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Zhang X, Wei L, Wang Z, Wang T. Physiological and molecular features of Puccinellia tenuiflora tolerating salt and alkaline-salt stress. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 55:262-76. [PMID: 23176661 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkali soil seriously threatens agriculture productivity; therefore, understanding the mechanism of plant tolerance to alkaline-salt stress has become a major challenge. Halophytic Puccinellia tenuiflora can tolerate salt and alkaline-salt stress, and is thus an ideal plant for studying this tolerance mechanism. In this study, we examined the salt and alkaline-salt stress tolerance of P. tenuiflora, and analyzed gene expression profiles under these stresses. Physiological experiments revealed that P. tenuiflora can grow normally with maximum stress under 600 mmol/L NaCl and 150 mmol/L Na2 CO3 (pH 11.0) for 6 d. We identified 4,982 unigenes closely homologous to rice and barley. Furthermore, 1,105 genes showed differentially expressed profiles under salt and alkaline-salt treatments. Differentially expressed genes were overrepresented in functions of photosynthesis, oxidation reduction, signal transduction, and transcription regulation. Almost all genes downregulated under salt and alkaline-salt stress were related to cell structure, photosynthesis, and protein synthesis. Comparing with salt stress, alkaline-salt stress triggered more differentially expressed genes and significantly upregulated genes related to H(+) transport and citric acid synthesis. These data indicate common and diverse features of salt and alkaline-salt stress tolerance, and give novel insights into the molecular and physiological mechanisms of plant salt and alkaline-salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100093, China
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