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Chen Y, Ji X, Tao L, Ma C, Nie J, Lu C, Yang G, Wang E, Liu H, Wang F, Ren J. Rational design of a ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for real-time imaging of hydroxyl radical and its therapeutic evaluation of diabetes. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115868. [PMID: 38029709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyl radical (•OH), one of the most reactive and deleterious substances in organisms, belongs to a class of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and it has been verified to play an essential role in numerous pathophysiological scenarios. However, due to its extremely high reactivity and short lifetime, the development of a reliable and robust method for tracking endogenous •OH remains an ongoing challenge. In this work, we presented the first ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe NanoDCQ-3 for •OH sensing based on oxidative C-H abstraction of dihydroquinoline to quinoline. The study mainly focused on how to modulate the electronic effects to achieve an ideal ratiometric detection of •OH, as well as solving the inherent problem of hydrophilicity of the probe, so that it was more conducive to monitoring •OH in living organisms. The screened-out probe NanoDCQ-3 exhibited an exceptional ratiometric sensing capability, better biocompatibility, good cellular uptake, and appropriate in vivo retention, which has been reliably used for detecting exogenous •OH concentration fluctuation in living cells and zebrafish models. More importantly, NanoDCQ-3 facilitated visualization of •OH and evaluation of drug treatment efficacy in diabetic mice. These findings afforded a promising strategy for designing ratiometric fluorescent probes for •OH. NanoDCQ-3 emerged as a valuable tool for the detection of •OH in vivo and held potential for drug screening for inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xueying Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Linlin Tao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Junqi Nie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Cuifen Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Guichun Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Erfei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Feiyi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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Nasimi Doost Azgomi R, Karimi A, Moini Jazani A. The favorable impacts of cardamom on related complications of diabetes: A comprehensive literature systematic review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:102947. [PMID: 38325073 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.102947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Complementary and alternative medicine plays an increasing role in preventing, and regulatory, complications associated with diabetes. There are plenty of polyphenolic compounds found in Elettaria cardamomum (Cardamom) such as luteolin, limonene, pelargonidin, caffeic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, and quercetin which can be used in many metabolic diseases. METHOD The objective of this systematic review was to appraise evidence from clinical and in vivo studies on the effects of cardamom on inflammation, blood glucose, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia of diabetes mellitus. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements, the present study was carried out. Studies were conducted by searching databases such as EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, web of sciences, and Cochrane Library from the commencement until April 2022. RESULTS All available human and animal studies examining the effects of cardamom on diabetes were published in the form of English articles. Finally, only 14 of the 241 articles met the criteria for analysis. Of the 14 articles, 8 were in vivo studies, and 6 were clinical trial studies. Most studies have indicated the beneficial effects of cardamom on insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation. Cardamom also improved dyslipidemia, but had no substantial effect on weight loss. CONCLUSION According to most studies, cardamom supplementation enhanced antioxidant enzyme production and activity in diabetes mellitus and decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. Despite this, the exact mechanism of the disease needs to be identified through more clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Nasimi Doost Azgomi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Moini Jazani
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Lin Q, Li K, Chen Y, Xie J, Wu C, Cui C, Deng B. Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Pathway and Mechanism-Based Treatment. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03342-7. [PMID: 37115404 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03342-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus with a high incidence. Oxidative stress, which is a crucial pathophysiological pathway of DPN, has attracted much attention. The distortion in the redox balance due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the deregulation of antioxidant defense systems promotes oxidative damage in DPN. Therefore, we have focused on the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of DPN and elucidated its interaction with other physiological pathways, such as the glycolytic pathway, polyol pathway, advanced glycosylation end products, protein kinase C pathway, inflammation, and non-coding RNAs. These interactions provide novel therapeutic options targeting oxidative stress for DPN. Furthermore, our review addresses the latest therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress for the rehabilitation of DPN. Antioxidant supplements and exercise have been proposed as fundamental therapeutic strategies for diabetic patients through ROS-mediated mechanisms. In addition, several novel drug delivery systems can improve the bioavailability of antioxidants and the efficacy of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kezheng Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinuo Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Xie
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxue Wu
- Department of Neurology, Wencheng County People's Hospital, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Cui
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Binbin Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Dhar A, Venkadakrishnan J, Roy U, Vedam S, Lalwani N, Ramos KS, Pandita TK, Bhat A. A comprehensive review of the novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 17:17539447231210170. [PMID: 38069578 PMCID: PMC10710750 DOI: 10.1177/17539447231210170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional abnormalities in the myocardium affecting people with diabetes. Treatment of DCM focuses on glucose control, blood pressure management, lipid-lowering, and lifestyle changes. Due to limited therapeutic options, DCM remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes, thus emphasizing the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Ongoing research is aimed at understanding the underlying molecular mechanism(s) involved in the development and progression of DCM, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. The goal is to develope innovative pharmaceutical therapeutics, offering significant improvements in the clinical management of DCM. Some of these approaches include the effective targeting of impaired insulin signaling, cardiac stiffness, glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis. This review focuses on the latest developments in understanding the underlying causes of DCM and the therapeutic landscape of DCM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Dhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Utsa Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sahithi Vedam
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Nikita Lalwani
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kenneth S. Ramos
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tej K. Pandita
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Audesh Bhat
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu and Kashmir (UT) 184311, India
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Kharyal A, Ranjan S, Jaswal S, Parveen D, Gupta GD, Thareja S, Verma SK. Research Progress on 2,4-Thiazolidinedione and 2-Thioxo-4-thiazolidinone Analogues as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Busa P, Kuthati Y, Huang N, Wong CS. New Advances on Pathophysiology of Diabetes Neuropathy and Pain Management: Potential Role of Melatonin and DPP-4 Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864088. [PMID: 35496279 PMCID: PMC9039240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-diabetes and diabetes are growing threats to the modern world. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with comorbidities such as hypertension (83.40%), obesity (90.49%), and dyslipidemia (93.43%), creating a substantial burden on patients and society. Reductive and oxidative (Redox) stress level imbalance and inflammation play an important role in DM progression. Various therapeutics have been investigated to treat these neuronal complications. Melatonin and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP-4i) are known to possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and have garnered significant attention in the recent years. In this present review article, we have reviewed the recently published reports on the therapeutic efficiency of melatonin and DPP-4i in the treatment of DM. We summarized the efficacy of melatonin and DPP-4i in DM and associated complications of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) and neuropathic pain. Furthermore, we discussed the mechanisms of action and their efficacy in the alleviation of oxidative stress in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Busa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Niancih Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chih-Shung Wong,
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Kannan A, Mariajoseph-Antony LF, Panneerselvam A, Loganathan C, Kiduva Jothiraman D, Anbarasu K, Prahalathan C. Aquaporin 9 regulates Leydig cell steroidogenesis in diabetes. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2022; 68:213-226. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2022.2033350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kannan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Lezy Flora Mariajoseph-Antony
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Antojenifer Panneerselvam
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Chithra Loganathan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Diwakar Kiduva Jothiraman
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Kumarasamy Anbarasu
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Chidambaram Prahalathan
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Yan LJ, Allen DC. Cadmium-Induced Kidney Injury: Oxidative Damage as a Unifying Mechanism. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1575. [PMID: 34827573 PMCID: PMC8615899 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a nonessential metal that has heavily polluted the environment due to human activities. It can be absorbed into the human body via the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and the skin, and can cause chronic damage to the kidneys. The main site where cadmium accumulates and causes damage within the nephrons is the proximal tubule. This accumulation can induce dysfunction of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, leading to electron leakage and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cadmium may also impair the function of NADPH oxidase, resulting in another source of ROS. These ROS together can cause oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, triggering epithelial cell death and a decline in kidney function. In this article, we also reviewed evidence that the antioxidant power of plant extracts, herbal medicines, and pharmacological agents could ameliorate cadmium-induced kidney injury. Finally, a model of cadmium-induced kidney injury, centering on the notion that oxidative damage is a unifying mechanism of cadmium renal toxicity, is also presented. Given that cadmium exposure is inevitable, further studies using animal models are warranted for a detailed understanding of the mechanism underlying cadmium induced ROS production, and for the identification of more therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
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Physalis alkekengi L. Extract Reduces the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis in Endothelial Vascular Cells Exposed to Hyperglycemia. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163747. [PMID: 32824505 PMCID: PMC7465244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To find new natural remedies in diabetes, this study investigated the biological activity of two extracts obtained from the fruits (PhyF) and herba (PhyH) of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii L. on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to normo- and hyperglycemic conditions. The biological effect was quantified by malondialdehyde, IL-31 and IL-33 levels in correlation with physico-chemical characterization and antioxidant activity. Additionally, from PhyP extract, the caspase-3, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear transcription factor NFkB expressions were evaluated. HPLC analysis revealed a significant number of phenolic compounds, especially in PhyF extract, with a good antioxidant activity as highlighted by TEAC, CUPRAC or DPPH methods. On HUVECS cells, the extracts were not toxic even at high concentrations. Particularly PhyF extract, diminished lipid peroxidation and inhibited the IL-31 and IL-33 secretions induced by hyperglycemia. The inhibitory effect on proinflammatory cytokines was noticed after both doses of PhyF extract in parallel with the upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Moreover, PhyF, especially in a low dose, reduced caspase-3 active form. These experimental findings suggest that Physalis fruits extract exerted beneficial effects in hyperglycemia by inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis being a good adjuvant option in diabetes.
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Medicinal Plant Polyphenols Attenuate Oxidative Stress and Improve Inflammatory and Vasoactive Markers in Cerebral Endothelial Cells during Hyperglycemic Condition. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070573. [PMID: 32630636 PMCID: PMC7402133 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier endothelial cells are the main targets of diabetes-related hyperglycemia that alters endothelial functions and brain homeostasis. Hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress may play a causal role. This study evaluated the protective effects of characterized polyphenol-rich medicinal plant extracts on redox, inflammatory and vasoactive markers on murine bEnd3 cerebral endothelial cells exposed to high glucose concentration. The results show that hyperglycemic condition promoted oxidative stress through increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, deregulated antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and altered expression of genes encoding Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) redox factors. Cell preconditioning with inhibitors of signaling pathways highlights a causal role of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), while a protective action of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) on redox changes. The hyperglycemic condition induced a pro-inflammatory response by elevating NFκB gene expression and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, and deregulated the production of endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and nitric oxide (NO) vasoactive markers. Importantly, polyphenolic extracts from Antirhea borbonica, Ayapana triplinervis, Dodonaea viscosa, and Terminalia bentzoe French medicinal plants, counteracted high glucose deleterious effects by exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In an innovative way, quercetin, caffeic, chlorogenic and gallic acids identified as predominant plant polyphenols, and six related circulating metabolites were found to exert similar benefits. Collectively, these findings demonstrate polyphenol protective action on cerebral endothelial cells during hyperglycemic condition.
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Ali AM, Gabbar MA, Abdel-Twab SM, Fahmy EM, Ebaid H, Alhazza IM, Ahmed OM. Antidiabetic Potency, Antioxidant Effects, and Mode of Actions of Citrus reticulata Fruit Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Hesperidin, and Quercetin in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Wistar Diabetic Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1730492. [PMID: 32655759 PMCID: PMC7327566 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1730492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at assessing the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant effects of Citrus reticulata (C. reticulata) fruit peel hydroethanolic extract and two flavonoids, hesperidin and quercetin, in nicotinamide (NA)/streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced type 2 diabetic rats. In addition, GC-MS and HPLC-MS analyses of the extract were performed and the results indicated the presence of multiple flavonoids including hesperidin, quercetin, naringin, and polymethoxylated flavones (nobiletin and tangeretin). To achieve the aim of the study, diabetic rats with NA/STZ-induced T2DM were orally treated with C. reticulata fruit peel hydroethanolic extract, hesperidin, and quercetin at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w./day for four weeks. The treatments with C. reticulata fruit peel extract, hesperidin, and quercetin significantly ameliorated the impaired oral glucose tolerance; the elevated serum fructosamine level; the diminished serum insulin and C-peptide levels; the altered HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS, and HOMA-β cell function; the decreased liver glycogen content; the increased liver glucose-6-phosphatase and glycogen phosphorylase activities; the deleteriously affected serum lipid profile; the elevated serum AST and ALT activities; and the raised serum creatinine and urea levels in the diabetic rats. The treatments also produced remarkable improvement in the antioxidant defense system manifested by a decrease in the elevated liver lipid peroxidation and an increase in the lowered glutathione content and GPx, GST, and SOD activities. Furthermore, the three treatments enhanced the mRNA expression of GLUT-4 and the insulin receptor β-subunit, but only quercetin produced a significant increase in the expression of adiponectin in adipose tissue of diabetic rats. In conclusion, C. reticulata fruit peel hydroethanolic extract, hesperidin, and quercetin have potent antidiabetic effects which may be mediated through their insulinotropic effects and insulin-sensitizing actions. In addition, the alleviation of the antioxidant defense system by the extract, hesperidin, and naringin may have an important action to enhance the antidiabetic actions and to improve liver and kidney functions in NA/STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Ali
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, P. O. Box 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel Gabbar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, P. O. Box 62521, Egypt
| | - Sanaa M. Abdel-Twab
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, P. O. Box 62521, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Fahmy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 62521, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, P.O. Box 61519, Minya, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M. Alhazza
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 62521, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, P. O. Box 62521, Egypt
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Zhang W, Sui Y. CircBPTF knockdown ameliorates high glucose-induced inflammatory injuries and oxidative stress by targeting the miR-384/LIN28B axis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 471:101-111. [PMID: 32524321 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a primary cause of diabetes-related vascular complications, such as atherosclerosis. Accumulated research indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. This study intended to explore the function and mechanism of circBPTF in high glucose (HG)-induced vascular inflammatory models. Cell model of inflammatory injury was established in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with HG treatment. The expression of circBPTF, miR-384 and lin-28 homolog B (LIN28B) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The expression of LIN28B was also examined using western blot. The release of proinflammatory cytokines was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The production of ROS, SOD and MDA was detected to assess oxidative stress. The target relationship was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. CircBPTF was highly regulated in HG-induced HUVECs. CircBPTF knockdown increased cell viability and suppressed cell apoptosis, the release of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in HG-induced HUVECs. MiR-384 was targeted by circBPTF, and its downregulation abolished the effects of circBPTF knockdown. Moreover, circBPTF positively regulated LIN28B expression via targeting miR-384. Overall, CircBPTF knockdown protected against HG-induced inflammatory injuries and oxidative stress by mediating the miR-384/LIN28B axis in HUVECs. Our study provides a feasible theoretical strategy for preventing vascular cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Jinan, Huaiyin District, No. 148, Jingyi Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong, China
| | - Yunun Sui
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Jinan, Huaiyin District, No. 148, Jingyi Road, Jinan, 250001, Shandong, China.
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Hamedi A, Pasdaran A, Pasdaran A. A trisaccharide phenylethanoid glycoside from Scrophularia flava Grau with potential anti-type 2 diabetic properties by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzyme and decreasing oxidative stress. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103776. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Moradi F, Maleki V, Saleh-Ghadimi S, Kooshki F, Pourghassem Gargari B. Potential roles of chromium on inflammatory biomarkers in diabetes: A Systematic. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:975-983. [PMID: 31330062 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, as a low-grade chronic inflammatory disease, causes disruption in proper function of immune and metabolic system. Chromium is an important element required for normal lipid and glucose metabolism. Chromium deficiency is correlated with elevation in cardiometabolic risk, which results from increased inflammation. This systematic review was conducted to discover the potential roles of chromium on inflammatory biomarkers. Eligible studies were all in vitro, animal and human studies published in English-language journals from inception until October 2018. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases were searched to fined interventional studies from the effects of chromium on inflammatory biomarkers such as tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukins, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and adipocytokines in hyperglycaemia and diabetes. Out of 647 articles found in the search, only 14 articles were eligible for analysis, three in vitro studies, eight animal studies and three human studies. Twelve of the 14 studies included in this review, chromium significantly decreased inflammatory factors. The findings of this review indicate, based on in vitro and in vivo studies, that chromium might have potential anti-inflammatory properties, but some of the studies did not show anti-inflammatory effects for chromium (two studies). There are only three studies in humans with controversial results. Therefore, more consistent randomized double-blind controlled trials are needed to reach relevant clinical recommendations, as well as to determine the precise mechanism, of chromium on inflammation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardin Moradi
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Maleki
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevda Saleh-Ghadimi
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kooshki
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Centre, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Betaine treatment decreased serum glucose and lipid levels, hepatic and renal oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2016-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of betaine (BET) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) in rats. Additionally, the efficiency of BET was compared with metformin (MET), a standard oral antidiabetic drug.
Methods
STZ (55 mg/kg body weight; i.p.) was injected to male Wistar rats. Rats with DM were treated with BET (1 g/kg body weight/day;) or MET (500 mg/kg body weight/day;) for 4 weeks. Blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum glucose, lipids, hepatic and renal function tests and urinary protein levels were examined. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were also determined in liver and kidney.
Results
Glucose, HbA1c, and serum lipids increased and liver and kidney function tests were impaired in diabetic rats. Hepatic and renal ROS formation and MDA levels were elevated, hepatic, but not renal GSH and FRAP levels were decreased. BET decreased blood HbA1c, serum glucose and lipid levels and urine protein levels. BET diminished hepatic and renal prooxidant status.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that BET may be effective in decreasing STZ-induced high levels of blood HbA1c, and serum glucose and lipid levels and prooxidant status in liver and kidney tissues.
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Zhang S, Huang Q, Wang Q, Wang Q, Cao X, Zhao L, Xu N, Zhuge Z, Mao J, Fu X, Liu R, Wilcox CS, Patzak A, Li L, Lai EY. Enhanced Renal Afferent Arteriolar Reactive Oxygen Species and Contractility to Endothelin-1 Are Associated with Canonical Wnt Signaling in Diabetic Mice. Kidney Blood Press Res 2018; 43:860-871. [PMID: 29870994 PMCID: PMC6050514 DOI: 10.1159/000490334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Canonical Wnt signaling is involved in oxidative stress, vasculopathy and diabetes mellitus but its role in diabetic renal microvascular dysfunction is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that enhanced canonical Wnt signaling in renal afferent arterioles from diabetic mice increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contractions to endothelin-1 (ET-1). METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetes or control C57Bl/6 mice received vehicle or sulindac (40 mg·kg-1·day-1) to block Wnt signaling for 4 weeks. ET-1 contractions were measured by changes of afferent arteriolar diameter. Arteriolar H2O2, O2 -, protein expression and enzymatic activity were assessed using sensitive fluorescence probes, immunoblotting and colorimetric assay separately. RESULTS Compared to control, diabetic mouse afferent arteriole had increased O2- (+ 84%) and H2O2 (+ 91%) and enhanced responses to ET-1 at 10-8 mol·l-1 (-72±4% of versus -43±4%, P< 0.05) accompanied by reduced protein expressions and activities for catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Arteriolar O2 - was increased further by ET-1 and contractions to ET-1 reduced by PEG-SOD in both groups whereas H2O2 unchanged by ET-1 and contractions were reduced by PEG-catalase selectively in diabetic mice. The Wnt signaling protein β-catenin was upregulated (3.3-fold decrease in p-β-catenin/β-catenin) while the glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) was downregulated (2.6-fold increase in p-GSK-3β/ GSK-3β) in preglomerular vessels of diabetic mice. Sulindac normalized the Wnt signaling proteins, arteriolar O2 -, H2O2 and ET-1 contractions while doubling microvascular catalase and SOD2 expression in diabetic mice. CONCLUSION Increased ROS, notably H2O2 contributes to enhanced afferent arteriolar responses to ET-1 in diabetes, which is closely associated with Wnt signaling. Antioxidant pharmacological strategies targeting Wnt signaling may improve vascular function in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suping Zhang
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qiaoling Wang
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Cao
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbing Zhuge
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruisheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher S Wilcox
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Andreas Patzak
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lingli Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - En Yin Lai
- Department of Physiology, and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA,
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Song CL, Liu B, Shi YF, Liu N, Yan YY, Zhang JC, Xue X, Wang JP, Zhao Z, Liu JG, Li YX, Zhang XH, Wu JD. MicroRNA-130a alleviates human coronary artery endothelial cell injury and inflammatory responses by targeting PTEN via activating PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:71922-71936. [PMID: 27713121 PMCID: PMC5342133 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aims to investigate the roles of microRNA-130a (miR-130a) in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) injury and inflammatory responses by targeting PTEN through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. HCAECs were treated with 1.0 mmol/L homocysteine (HCY) and assigned into eight groups: the blank group, the negative control (NC) group, the miR-130a mimics group, the miR-130a inhibitors group, the si-PTEN group, the Wortmannin group, the miR-130a inhibitors + si-PTEN group and the miR-130a mimics + Wortmannin group. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the relationship between miR-130a and PTEN. The expressions of miR-130a, PTEN and PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by qRT-PCR assay and Western blotting. MTT assay and Hoechst 33258 staining were adopted to testify cell growth and apoptosis. The NO kit assay was used to detect the NO release. ELISA was conducted to measure serum cytokine levels. Luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the target relationship between miR-130a and PTEN. Compared with the blank and NC groups, the miR-130a mimics and si-PTEN groups showed significant increases in the expressions of PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway-related proteins, cell viability and the NO release, while serum cytokine levels and cell apoptosis were decreased; by contrast, an opposite trend was observed in miR-130a inhibitors and Wortmannin groups. However, no significant difference was found in the miR-130a inhibitors + si-PTEN and miR-130a mimics + Wortmannin groups when compared with the blank group. These results indicate that miR-130a could alleviate HCAECs injury and inflammatory responses by down-regulating PTEN and activating PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yong-Feng Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - You-You Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xin Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jin-Peng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jian-Gen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yang-Xue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun-Duo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin Province, China
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Qiao Y, Fan CL, Tang MK. Astragaloside IV protects rat retinal capillary endothelial cells against high glucose-induced oxidative injury. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:3567-3577. [PMID: 29263652 PMCID: PMC5732560 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s152489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes that leads to blindness. Hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress, which is an important cause in the pathogenesis of microangiopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs) incubated with high glucose conditions. Methods and results Based on rat RCECs cultured with high glucose (30 mM) in vitro, a significant increase in cell viability in rat RCECs incubated with both AS-IV and high glucose for 48 or 72 h by MTT assay. The increased viability was accompanied by decreased glucose transporter-1 expression using immunofluorescent assay. Meanwhile, AS-IV reduced intracellular hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in rat RCECs with high glucose by the fluorescent probes, and lowered malondialdehyde levels. In addition, AS-IV increased the activities of total superoxide dismutase, MnSOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The glutathione content also increased after AS-IV treatment. Furthermore, AS-IV reduced NADPH oxidase 4 expression by western blot method. Conclusion These results suggest that the main mechanism underlying the protective effects of AS-IV in high glucose-injured RCECs may be related to its antioxidative function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Lan Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Ke Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wu J, Jin Z, Yan LJ. Redox imbalance and mitochondrial abnormalities in the diabetic lung. Redox Biol 2016; 11:51-59. [PMID: 27888691 PMCID: PMC5124358 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the lung is one of the least studied organs in diabetes, increasing evidence indicates that it is an inevitable target of diabetic complications. Nevertheless, the underlying biochemical mechanisms of lung injury in diabetes remain largely unexplored. Given that redox imbalance, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in diabetic tissue injury, we set out to investigate mechanisms of lung injury in diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate NADH/NAD+ redox status, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial abnormalities in the diabetic lung. Using STZ induced diabetes in rat as a model, we measured redox-imbalance related parameters including aldose reductase activity, level of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PAPR-1), NAD+ content, NADPH content, reduced form of glutathione (GSH), and glucose 6-phophate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity. For assessment of mitochondrial abnormalities in the diabetic lung, we measured the activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I to IV and complex V as well as dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH) content and activity. We also measured the protein content of NAD+ dependent enzymes such as sirtuin3 (sirt3) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Our results demonstrate that NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance occurs in the diabetic lung. This redox imbalance upregulates the activities of complexes I to IV, but not complex V; and this upregulation is likely the source of increased mitochondrial ROS production, oxidative stress, and cell death in the diabetic lung. These results, together with the findings that the protein contents of DLDH, sirt3, and NQO1 all are decreased in the diabetic lung, demonstrate that redox imbalance, mitochondrial abnormality, and oxidative stress contribute to lung injury in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States.
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20
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Ping F, Li ZY, Lv K, Zhou MC, Dong YX, Sun Q, Li YX. Deoxyribonucleic acid telomere length shortening can predict the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig 2016; 8:174-180. [PMID: 27451965 PMCID: PMC5334312 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction To investigate the effect of telomere shortening and other predictive factors of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a 6‐year prospective cohort study. Materials and Methods A total of 70 type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean age 57.8 ± 6.7 years) patients without NAFLD were included in the study, and 64 of them were successfully followed up 6 years later, excluding four cases with significant alcohol consumption. NAFLD was diagnosed by the hepatorenal ratio obtained by a quantitative ultrasound method using NIH image analysis software. The 39 individuals that developed NAFLD were allocated to group A, and the 21 individuals that did not develop NAFLD were allocated to group B. Fluorescent real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure telomere length. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in baseline telomere length; however, at the end of the 6th year, telomere length had become shorter in group A compared with group B. There were significant differences between these two groups in baseline body mass index, waistline, systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin and fasting C‐peptide level. In addition, the estimated indices of baseline insulin resistance increased in group A. Fasting insulin level, body mass index, systolic blood pressure at baseline and the shortening of telomere length were independent risk factors of NAFLD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusions Telomere length became shorter in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who developed NAFLD over the course of 6 years. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who developed NAFLD had more serious insulin resistance compared with those who did not develop NAFLD a long time ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ping
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Yi Li
- Nanyang City Center Hospital, Nanyang, Henan Province, China
| | - Ke Lv
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Cen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Xiu Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xiu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Guo L, Qiao Y, Zhang L, Pan Q. Protective Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Against High-Glucose-Induced Endothelial Oxidative Damage. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2055. [PMID: 26632709 PMCID: PMC5058978 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the protective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) against cell damage induced by high glucose.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were divided into control group (5.5 mmol/L) and high glucose groups (19, 33, or 47 mmol/L), which were cultured with different concentrations of glucose for 48 hours, respectively. Cell viability was measured with MTT assay. Levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were monitored by flow cytometry and apoptotic cell death was measured by staining with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide. Cultured cells were detected with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), VCAM-1, and JNK on protein.Compared with the control group, cell viability was decreased by 20% and 37%, respectively, when cultured under 33 and 47 mM, while increased in different GLP-1-treated groups (0.01 L, 0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/L). The GLP-1 treatment significantly reduced the ROS level of high glucose treatment group but not impact on the control group. Meanwhile, the level of apoptosis was elevated in the high glucose treatment group. Early apoptosis was significantly reversed in the GLP-1-treated group (0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/L). Late apoptosis was uniquely decreased in the GLP-1 concentrations of 10 nmol/L. Furthermore, GLP-1 could also reduce the protein levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and phospho JNK in the endothelial cells with high glucose treatment.GLP-1 could inhibit cell apoptosis and reduce ROS generation and JNK-Bax signaling pathway activation, which were induced by high glucose treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Guo
- From the Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
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Ji ZY, Li HF, Lei Y, Rao YW, Tan ZX, Liu HJ, Yao GD, Hou B, Sun ML. Association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms with an elevated risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. J Diabetes Complications 2015; 29:887-92. [PMID: 26144281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined the association between two adiponectin (ADPN) gene polymorphisms, +45T/G and +276G/T, and susceptibility to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS A total of 180 T2DM patients were enrolled in this study and assigned to two groups: DPN group (n=90) and non-DPN (NDPN) group (n=90). In addition, 90 healthy subjects were chosen as healthy normal control (NC). The plasma level of ADPN was quantified by ELISA method and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used for genotype analysis of the two ADPN polymorphisms, +45T/G (rs2241766) and +276G/T (rs1501299), in all the study subjects. Statistical analysis of data was performed with SPSS version 20.0 software. RESULTS Serum levels of ADPN were markedly reduced in the DPN group compared to NDPN and NC groups (all P<0.05). The frequencies of TT, TG and GG genotypes and the T and G alleles of T45G and G276T polymorphisms in DPN group were significantly different than the NDPN group (all P<0.05). Notably, T45G and G276T polymorphisms were associated with significantly reduced plasma levels of ADPN in DPN and NDPN groups, compared to the NC group (P<0.001). Significant difference in ADPN plasma levels were also observed between TT, TG and GG genotypes of T45G and G276T polymorphisms. Our results indicate that the T allele in +45T/G and +276G/T polymorphisms is correlated with an elevated risk of DPN in T2DM patients. Haplotype analysis showed that GG and GT haplotypes showed a negative relationship with DPN, while TG haplotype positively correlated with risk of DPN in T2DM patients (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION Our results show that T45G and G276T polymorphisms of ADPN are associated with a significantly elevated risk of DPN in T2DM patients, likely by down-regulating ADPN serum level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Ji
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Feng Li
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Wei Rao
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, P. R. China
| | - Zeng-Xian Tan
- Department of Intervention, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056001, P. R. China
| | - Huai-Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shi Jiazhuang 050050, P. R. China.
| | - Gen-Dong Yao
- Department of Function, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056001, P. R. China
| | - Bo Hou
- Department of Computed Tomography, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056001, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Li Sun
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, P. R. China.
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Ghisleni MM, Biolchi V, Jordon BC, Rempel C, Genro JP, Pozzobon A. Association study of C936T polymorphism of the VEGF gene and the C242T polymorphism of the p22phox gene with diabetes mellitus type 2 and distal diabetic polyneuropathy. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4626-1633. [PMID: 26130419 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with long‑term glycemic control, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) remains the predominant cause of diabetic neuropathy. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C936T of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and the SNP C242T of the p22phox (CYBA) gene have been investigated in relation to DM2 and its complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between these two SNPs and DM2, and also between the SNPs and the signs and symptoms of diabetic distal polyneuropathy. The DM2 group consisted of 98 individuals and the control group consisted of 104 individuals. The results demonstrated that there was no association between the different genotypes or alleles and increased risk of the disease (P>0.05). With SNP C242T, a significant association with body mass index between the CTxTT genotypes (P=0.043) was identified; and the greatest body mass indexes were among individuals with the TT genotype. An association between the degree of neuropathic symptoms and genotypic/allelic distribution of these polymorphisms was not observed. In conclusion, the investigated polymorphisms are not correlated with the risk of developing DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Mottin Ghisleni
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Univates University Center, Rio Grande do Sul, Lajeado 95900‑000, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Biolchi
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Univates University Center, Rio Grande do Sul, Lajeado 95900‑000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cristina Jordon
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Univates University Center, Rio Grande do Sul, Lajeado 95900‑000, Brazil
| | - Claudete Rempel
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Univates University Center, Rio Grande do Sul, Lajeado 95900‑000, Brazil
| | - Júlia Pasqualini Genro
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Univates University Center, Rio Grande do Sul, Lajeado 95900‑000, Brazil
| | - Adriane Pozzobon
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Univates University Center, Rio Grande do Sul, Lajeado 95900‑000, Brazil
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Sottero B, Gargiulo S, Russo I, Barale C, Poli G, Cavalot F. Postprandial Dysmetabolism and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:968-1031. [PMID: 25943420 DOI: 10.1002/med.21349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Postprandial dysmetabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is known to impact the progression and evolution of this complex disease process. However, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms still require full elucidation to provide guidance for disease prevention and treatment. This review focuses on the marked redox changes and inflammatory stimuli provoked by the spike in blood glucose and lipids in T2D individuals after meals. All the causes of exacerbated postprandial oxidative stress in T2D were analyzed, also considering the consequence of enhanced inflammation on vascular damage. Based on this in-depth analysis, current strategies of prevention and pharmacologic management of T2D were critically reexamined with particular emphasis on their potential redox-related rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sottero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Simona Gargiulo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Isabella Russo
- Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Cristina Barale
- Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
| | - Franco Cavalot
- Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, 10043, Italy
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Adela R, Nethi SK, Bagul PK, Barui AK, Mattapally S, Kuncha M, Patra CR, Reddy PNC, Banerjee SK. Hyperglycaemia enhances nitric oxide production in diabetes: a study from South Indian patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125270. [PMID: 25894234 PMCID: PMC4403926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported that increased glucose levels were associated with higher serum nitric oxide (NO) levels in fructose-fed insulin resistant rats. However, the relationship between hyperglycemia and serum NO level was not clear. Therefore, the present study was designed to find the association between hyperglycemia and serum NO levels in Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients and T2DM with cardiovascular complication. METHODS Endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with of D-glucose (10-100mM), and NO levels and NOS gene expression was measured. Hyperglycaemia was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats, and serum NO levels were measured after 8 weeks. For clinical evaluation, five groups of patients were recruited: Control (CT, n=48), Type 2 diabetes (T2DM, n=26), T2DM with hypertension (DMHT, n=46), Coronary artery diseases (CAD, n=29) and T2DM with coronary artery diseases (DMCD, n=38). NO (nitrite + nitrate) levels were measured from human serum. RESULTS We found a significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent increase in NO levels in HUVEC cells after 4 hours of high glucose exposure. eNOS and iNOS gene expression was increased in HUVEC cells after different concentrations and time periods of glucose treatment. We also observed significant (149.1 ± 25 μM, p<0.01) increase in serum NO levels in hyperglycaemic rats compared to control (76.6 ± 13.2 μM). Serum NO level was significantly higher in T2DM (111.8 μM (81.7-122.4), p<0.001) and DMCD patients ((129.4 μM (121.2-143.5), p <0.001) but not in CAD patients (76.4 μM (70.5-87)), as compared to control (68.2 μM (56.4-82.3)). We found significantly lower NO levels (83.5 μM (60.5-122.9)) in subjects suffering from diabetes since more than 5 years, compared to subjects (115.3 μM (75.2-127.1), p<0.001) with less than 5 years. CONCLUSION In conclusion, high NO levels were observed in South Indian diabetic patients. Higher glucose levels in serum might be responsible for activation of endothelial cells to enhance NO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramu Adela
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Susheel Kumar Nethi
- Biomaterials Group, Lipid Science and Technology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Pankaj K. Bagul
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ayan K. Barui
- Biomaterials Group, Lipid Science and Technology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Saidulu Mattapally
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Madhusudan Kuncha
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Chitta R. Patra
- Biomaterials Group, Lipid Science and Technology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | | | - Sanjay K. Banerjee
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
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Hajiaghaalipour F, Khalilpourfarshbafi M, Arya A. Modulation of glucose transporter protein by dietary flavonoids in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:508-24. [PMID: 25892959 PMCID: PMC4400383 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.11241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient or inefficient insulin secretory response. This chronic disease is a global problem and there is a need for greater emphasis on therapeutic strategies in the health system. Phytochemicals such as flavonoids have recently attracted attention as source materials for the development of new antidiabetic drugs or alternative therapy for the management of diabetes and its related complications. The antidiabetic potential of flavonoids are mainly through their modulatory effects on glucose transporter by enhancing GLUT-2 expression in pancreatic β cells and increasing expression and promoting translocation of GLUT-4 via PI3K/AKT, CAP/Cb1/TC10 and AMPK pathways. This review highlights the recent findings on beneficial effects of flavonoids in the management of diabetes with particular emphasis on the investigations that explore the role of these compounds in modulating glucose transporter proteins at cellular and molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Manizheh Khalilpourfarshbafi
- 2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Aditya Arya
- 1. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Han J, Tan C, Wang Y, Yang S, Tan D. Betanin reduces the accumulation and cross-links of collagen in high-fructose-fed rat heart through inhibiting non-enzymatic glycation. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 227:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lee HA, Song YO, Jang MS, Han JS. Effect of Baechu Kimchi Added Ecklonia cava Extracts on High Glucose-induced Oxidative Stress in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 19:170-7. [PMID: 25320714 PMCID: PMC4195622 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2014.19.3.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell dysfunction is considered to be a major cause of vascular complications in diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of a baechu kimchi added Ecklonia cava extract (BKE) against high glucose induced oxidative damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment with a high concentration of glucose (30 mM) induced cytotoxicity, whereas treatment with BKE protected HUVECs from high glucose induced damage; by restoring cell viability. In addition, BKE reduced lipid peroxidation, intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide levels in a dose dependent manner. Treatment with high glucose concentrations also induced the overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and NF-κB proteins in HUVECs, but BKE treatment significantly reduced the overexpression of these proteins. These findings indicate that BKE may be a valuable treatment against high glucose-induced oxidative stress HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ah Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
| | - Yeong-Ok Song
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
| | - Mi-Soon Jang
- Food and Safety Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 619-705, Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
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Coskun ZM, Bolkent S. Oxidative stress and cannabinoid receptor expression in type-2 diabetic rat pancreas following treatment with Δ9-THC. Cell Biochem Funct 2014; 32:612-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Mine Coskun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Istanbul Bilim University; Istanbul Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Cerrahpasa Medicine; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sema Bolkent
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Cerrahpasa Medicine; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
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The investigation of the oxidative stress-related parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Can J Diabetes 2014; 39:44-9. [PMID: 25065473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and breakdown by endogenous antioxidants, is closely associated with diabetes mellitus. The diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia together with biochemical alterations of glucose and lipid peroxidation. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its complications. METHODS This study was conducted to investigate the variation in oxidative stress-related parameters in type 2 diabetes. Blood serum samples were collected from diabetes patients and nondiabetes healthy controls. Glucose concentrations, levels of glycated hemoglobin (A1C) and serum oxidative stress markers (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PDH], malondialdehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH], glutathione reductase [GR], glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]) were estimated. RESULTS Fasting serum glucose concentration in type 2 diabetes patients of both sexes was increased significantly as compared with the healthy controls. Level of A1C was greater than standards. Significant elevation in MDA level and depletion in GSH content were observed in diabetes patients in comparison with controls. The diminution in G6PDH activity was accompanied in part by a decrease in the antioxidative enzymes activities (GPx and GR), and in part by an increase in SOD activity in all diabetes patients as compared with the control group. The regression analysis showed no correlation between diabetes duration and severity of oxidative stress; however, there was a significant association between A1C and severity of oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that there is an oxidative stress state in type 2 diabetes patients compared with healthy subjects. Our data suggest that chronic hyperglycemia causes a significant change in oxidative stress markers.
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Involvement of catalase in the protective benefits of metformin in mice with oxidative liver injury. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 216:34-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Scioscia M, Nigro M, Montagnani M. The putative metabolic role of d -chiro inositol phosphoglycan in human pregnancy and preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2014; 101-102:140-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Dey A, Lakshmanan J. The role of antioxidants and other agents in alleviating hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and injury in liver. Food Funct 2014; 4:1148-84. [PMID: 23760593 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo30317a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Several antioxidants and agents having similar antioxidant effects are known to exert beneficial effects in ameliorating the injurious effects of hyperglycemia on liver in different diabetic in vitro and in vivo models. The review deals with some of the agents which have been shown to exert protective effects on liver against hyperglycemic insult and the various mechanisms involved. The different classes of agents which protect the diabetic liver or decrease the severity of hyperglycemia mediated injury include flavonoids, catechins, and other polyphenolic compounds, curcumin and its derivatives, certain vitamins, hormones and drugs, trace elements, prototypical antioxidants and amino acids. Some of the pronounced changes mediated by the antioxidants in liver exposed to hyperglycemia include decreased oxidative stress, and alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Other mechanisms through which the agents ameliorate hyperglycemia mediated liver injury include decrease in oxidative DNA and protein damage, restoration of mitochondrial structural and functional integrity, decrease in inflammation and improved insulin signaling. Thus, antioxidants may prove to be an important mode of defense in maintaining normal hepatic functions in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Dey
- Life Science Division, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT Campus of Anna University, Chromepet, Chennai 600044, India.
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Peixoto-Silva N, Conceição EP, Carvalho JC, Lima NS, Nogueira-Neto JF, de Oliveira E, Moura EG, Lisboa PC. Does bromocriptine play a role in decreasing oxidative stress for early weaned programmed obesity? Life Sci 2014; 95:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yan LJ. Pathogenesis of chronic hyperglycemia: from reductive stress to oxidative stress. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:137919. [PMID: 25019091 PMCID: PMC4082845 DOI: 10.1155/2014/137919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic overnutrition creates chronic hyperglycemia that can gradually induce insulin resistance and insulin secretion impairment. These disorders, if not intervened, will eventually be followed by appearance of frank diabetes. The mechanisms of this chronic pathogenic process are complex but have been suggested to involve production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. In this review, I highlight evidence that reductive stress imposed by overflux of NADH through the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the source of oxidative stress, which is based on establishments that more NADH recycling by mitochondrial complex I leads to more electron leakage and thus more ROS production. The elevated levels of both NADH and ROS can inhibit and inactivate glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), respectively, resulting in blockage of the glycolytic pathway and accumulation of glycerol 3-phospate and its prior metabolites along the pathway. This accumulation then initiates all those alternative glucose metabolic pathways such as the polyol pathway and the advanced glycation pathways that otherwise are minor and insignificant under euglycemic conditions. Importantly, all these alternative pathways lead to ROS production, thus aggravating cellular oxidative stress. Therefore, reductive stress followed by oxidative stress comprises a major mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, RES-314E, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- *Liang-Jun Yan:
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Banerjee M, Vats P. Reactive metabolites and antioxidant gene polymorphisms in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Redox Biol 2013; 2:170-7. [PMID: 25460725 PMCID: PMC4297945 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), by definition is a heterogeneous, multifactorial, polygenic syndrome which results from insulin receptor dysfunction. It is an outcome of oxidative stress caused by interactions of reactive metabolites (RMs) interactions with lipids, proteins and other mechanisms of human body. Production of RMs mainly superoxide (O2−) has been found in a variety of predominating cellular enzyme systems including NAD(P)H oxidase, xanthine oxidase (XO), cyclooxygenase (COX), uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). The four main RM related molecular mechanisms are: increased polyol pathway flux; increased advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation; activation of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms and increased hexosamine pathway flux which have been implicated in glucose-mediated vascular damage. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) are antioxidant enzymes involved in scavenging RMs in normal individuals. Functional polymorphisms of these antioxidant enzymes have been reported to be involved in pathogenesis of T2DM individuals. The low levels of antioxidant enzymes or their non-functionality results in excessive RMs which initiate stress related pathways thereby leading to insulin resistance and T2DM. An attempt has been made to review the role of RMs and antioxidant enzymes in oxidative stress resulting in T2DM. Four main molecular mechanisms are implicated in glucose-mediated vascular damage. Impaired antioxidant defense contributes to T2DM and related complications. SNPs in antioxidant enzymes are associated with pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Genotyping of gene variants in populations will help identify individuals at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular & Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
| | - Pushpank Vats
- Molecular & Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India.
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Patel H, Chen J, Das KC, Kavdia M. Hyperglycemia induces differential change in oxidative stress at gene expression and functional levels in HUVEC and HMVEC. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:142. [PMID: 24093550 PMCID: PMC3851327 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction precedes pathogenesis of vascular complications in diabetes. In recent years, the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction were investigated to outline strategies for its treatment. However, the therapies for dysfunctional endothelium resulted in multiple clinical trial failures and remain elusive. There is a need for defining hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction with both generic and specific dysfunctional changes in endothelial cells (EC) using a systems approach. In this study, we investigated hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in HUVEC and HMVEC. We investigated hyperglycemia-induced functional changes (superoxide (O2‾), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and mitochondrial membrane polarization) and gene expression fingerprints of related enzymes (nitric oxide synthase, NAD(P)H oxidase, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) neutralizing enzymes) in both ECs. Method Gene expression of NOS2, NOS3, NOX4, CYBA, UCP1, CAT, TXNRD1, TXNRD2, GPX1, NOX1, SOD1, SOD2, PRDX1, 18s, and RPLP0 were measured using real-time PCR. O2‾ production was measured with dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence measurement. H2O2 production was measured using Amplex Red assay. Mitochondrial membrane polarization was measured using JC-10 based fluorescence measurement. Results We showed that the O2‾ levels increased similarly in both ECs with hyperglycemia. However, these endothelial cells showed significantly different underlying gene expression profile, H2O2 production and mitochondrial membrane polarization. In HUVEC, hyperglycemia increased H2O2 production, and hyperpolarized mitochondrial membrane. ROS neutralizing enzymes SOD2 and CAT gene expression were downregulated. In contrast, there was an upregulation of nitric oxide synthase and NAD(P)H oxidase and a depolarization of mitochondrial membrane in HMVEC. In addition, ROS neutralizing enzymes SOD1, GPX1, TXNRD1 and TXNRD2 gene expression were significantly upregulated in high glucose treated HMVEC. Conclusion Our findings highlighted a unique framework for hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction. We showed that multiple pathways are differentially affected in these endothelial cells in hyperglycemia. High occurrences of gene expression changes in HMVEC in this study supports the hypothesis that microvasculature precedes macrovasculature in epigenetic regulation forming vascular metabolic memory. Identifying genomic phenotype and corresponding functional changes in hyperglycemic endothelial dysfunction will provide a suitable systems biology approach for understanding underlying mechanisms and possible effective therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemang Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, 2322 Engineering, 5050 Anthony Wayne Dr,, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Salgueiro ACF, Leal CQ, Bianchini MC, Prado IO, Mendez ASL, Puntel RL, Folmer V, Soares FA, Avila DS, Puntel GO. The influence of Bauhinia forficata Link subsp. pruinosa tea on lipid peroxidation and non-protein SH groups in human erythrocytes exposed to high glucose concentrations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:81-87. [PMID: 23567030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bauhinia forficata (BF) has been traditionally used as tea in folk medicine of Brazil for treatment of Diabetes mellitus (DM). AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the effects of BF leaf tea on markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant levels in an experimental model of hyperglycemia in human erythrocytes in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human erythrocytes were incubated with high glucose concentrations or glucose and BF tea for 24h and 48h. After incubation lipid peroxidation and non-protein SH levels were analyzed. Moreover, quantification of polyphenols and flavonoids, iron chelating property, scavenging of DPPH, and prevention of lipid peroxidation in isolated lipids were also assessed. RESULTS A significant amount of polyphenols and flavonoids was observed. The main components found by LC-MS analysis were quercetin-3-O-(2-rhamnosyl) rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-(2-rhamnosyl) rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. BF tea presents important antioxidant and chelating properties. Moreover, BF tea was effective to increase non-protein SH levels and reduce lipid peroxidation induced by high glucose concentrations in human erythrocytes. CONCLUSION The antioxidant effects of BF tea could be related to the presence of different phenolic and flavonoids components. We believe that these components can be responsible to protect human erythrocytes exposed to high glucose concentrations against oxidative damage.
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Overlapped Metabolic and Therapeutic Links between Alzheimer and Diabetes. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 47:399-424. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kapoor R, Kakkar P. Protective role of morin, a flavonoid, against high glucose induced oxidative stress mediated apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41663. [PMID: 22899998 PMCID: PMC3416810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is an early event of liver damage in diabetes and oxidative stress has been linked to accelerate the apoptosis in hepatocytes. Therefore, the compounds that can scavenge ROS may confer regulatory effects on high-glucose induced apoptosis. In the present study, primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to high concentration (40 mM) of glucose. At this concentration decreased cell viability and enhanced ROS generation was observed. Depleted antioxidant status of hepatocytes under high glucose stress was also observed as evident from transcriptional level and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Further, mitochondrial depolarisation was accompanied by the loss of mitochondrial integrity and altered expression of Bax and Bcl-2. Increased translocation of apoptotic proteins like AIF (Apoptosis inducing factor) & Endo-G (endonuclease-G) from its resident place mitochondria to nucleus was also observed. Cyt-c residing in the inter-membrane space of mitochondria also translocated to cytoplasm. These apoptotic proteins initiated caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation, increased apoptotic DNA content in glucose treated hepatocytes, suggesting mitochondria mediated apoptotic mode of cell death. Morin, a dietary flavonoid from Psidium guajava was effective in increasing the cell viability and decreasing the ROS level. It maintained mitochondrial integrity, inhibited release of apoptotic proteins from mitochondria, prevented DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and hypodiploid DNA upon exposure to high glucose. This study confirms the capacity of dietary flavonoid Morin in regulating apoptosis induced by high glucose via mitochondrial mediated pathway through intervention of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Kapoor
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Poonam Kakkar
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
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