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Gutiérrez-Gálvez L, El Hajioui-El Ghalbzouri H, Enebral-Romero E, Garrido M, Naranjo A, López-Diego D, Luna M, Pérez EM, García-Mendiola T, Lorenzo E. Rapid and simple viral protein detection by functionalized 2D MoS 2/graphene electrochemiluminescence aptasensor. Talanta 2024; 276:126293. [PMID: 38788383 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In this work we present the development of an electrochemiluminescence aptasensor based on electrografting molybdenum disulphide nanosheets functionalized with diazonium salt (MoS2-N2+) upon screen-printed electrodes of graphene (SPEs GPH) for viral proteins detection. In brief, this aptasensor consists of SPEs GPH electrografted with MoS2-N2+ and modified with a thiolated aptamer, which can specifically recognize the target protein analyte. In this case, we have used SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as model protein. Electrochemiluminescence detection was performed by using the [Ru(bpy)3]2+/TPRA (tripropylamine) system, which allows the specific detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein easily and rapidly with a detection limit of 9.74 fg/mL and a linear range from 32.5 fg/mL to 50.0 pg/mL. Moreover, the applicability of the aptasensor has been confirmed by the detection of the protein directly in human saliva samples. Comparing our device with a traditional saliva antigen test, our aptasensor can detect the spike protein even when the saliva antigen test gives a negative result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gutiérrez-Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Estefanía Enebral-Romero
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Garrido
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Naranjo
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - David López-Diego
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Luna
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio M Pérez
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania García-Mendiola
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Whitehouse WL, Lo LHY, Kinghorn AB, Shiu SCC, Tanner JA. Structure-Switching Electrochemical Aptasensor for Rapid, Reagentless, and Single-Step Nanomolar Detection of C-Reactive Protein. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3721-3730. [PMID: 38485932 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactant and sensitive indicator for sepsis and other life-threatening pathologies, including systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Currently, clinical turn-around times for established CRP detection methods take between 30 min to hours or even days from centralized laboratories. Here, we report the development of an electrochemical biosensor using redox probe-tagged DNA aptamers, functionalized onto inexpensive, commercially available screen-printed electrodes. Binding-induced conformational switching of the CRP-targeting aptamer induces a specific and selective signal-ON event, which enables single-step and reagentless detection of CRP in as little as 1 min. The aptasensor limit of detection spans approximately 20-60 nM in 50% human serum with dynamic response windows spanning 1-200 or 1-500 nM (R = 0.97/R = 0.98 respectively). The sensor is stable for at least 1 week and can be reused numerous times, as judged from repeated real-time dosing and dose-response assays. By decoupling binding events from the signal induction mechanism, structure-switching electrochemical aptamer-based sensors provide considerable advantages over their adsorption-based counterparts. Our work expands on the retinue of such sensors reported in the literature and is the first instance of structure-switching electrochemical aptamer-based sensors (SS-EABs) for reagentless, voltammetric CRP detection. We hope this study inspires further investigations into the suitability of SS-EABs for diagnostics, which will aid translational R&D toward fully realized devices aimed at point-of-care applications or for broader use by the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Whitehouse
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Center, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Louisa H Y Lo
- Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Center, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrew B Kinghorn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon C C Shiu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Julian A Tanner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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3
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Turk Z, Armani A, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Madakbas S, Bonabi E, Zarghami N. A new insight into the early detection of HER2 protein in breast cancer patients with a focus on electrochemical biosensors approaches: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132710. [PMID: 38825266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women and is a prevalent kind of cancerous growth, representing a substantial risk to women's health. Early detection of breast cancer is essential for effective treatment and improved survival rates. Biomarkers, active substances that signal the existence and advancement of a tumor, play a significant role in the early detection of breast cancer. Hence, accurate identification of biomarkers for tumors is crucial for diagnosing and treating breast cancer. However, the primary diagnostic methods used for the detection of breast cancer require specific equipment, skilled professionals, and specialized analysis, leading to elevated detection expenses. Regarding this obstacle, recent studies emphasize electrochemical biosensors as more advanced and sensitive detection tools compared to traditional methods. Electrochemical biosensors are employed to identify biomarkers that act as unique indicators for the onset, recurrence, and monitoring of therapeutic interventions for breast cancer. This study aims to provide a summary of the electrochemical biosensors that have been employed for the detection of breast cancer at an early stage over the past decade. Initially, the text provides concise information about breast cancer and tumor biomarkers. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis is conducted to systematically review the progress of electrochemical biosensors developed for the stable, specific, and sensitive identification of biomarkers associated with breast cancer. Particular emphasis was given to crucial clinical biomarkers, specifically the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). The analysis then explores the limitations and challenges inherent in the design of effective biosensors for diagnosing and treating breast cancer. Ultimately, we provided an overview of future research directions and concluded by outlining the advantages of electrochemical biosensor approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Turk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Arta Armani
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyfullah Madakbas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Marmara University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Esat Bonabi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
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4
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Josypcuk B, Tvorynska S. Electrochemical flow-through biosensors based on microfiber enzymatic filter discs placed at printed electrodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 157:108663. [PMID: 38359574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A new type of electrochemical biosensors in a flow injection system with printed electrodes were developed and tested. A filter disc (7 mm diameter) with immobilized enzyme was placed at the printed electrode. This conception combines the advantages of biosensors with a bioreceptor at the electrode surface and systems with spatially separated enzymatic and detection parts. Filters of different composition (glass, quartz, and cellulose), thickness, porosity, and ways of binding enzyme to their surface were tested. Only covalent bonds throughout a filter-aminosilane-glutaraldehyde-enzyme chain ensured a long-time and reproducible biosensor response. The developed method of biosensor preparation has been successfully applied to enzymes glucose oxidase, laccase and choline oxidase. The dependences of peak current on detection potential, flow rate, injection volume, analyte concentration as well as biosensor lifetime and reproducibility were investigated for glucose oxidase biosensor. The sensitivity of measurements was two or more times higher than that of biosensor with a mini-reactor filled by powder with immobilized enzyme. The developed biosensor with laccase was tested by determining dopamine in the pharmaceutical infusion product Tensamin®. Results of the analysis (40.0 ± 0.7 mg mL-1, SD = 0.8 mg mL-1, RSD = 1.85 %, N = 11) show a good agreement with the manufacturer's declared value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Josypcuk
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 2155/3 182 23, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Sofiia Tvorynska
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 2155/3 182 23, Prague, Czech Republic; Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hlavova 2030/8 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
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5
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Guo J, Zhao M, Chen C, Wang F, Chen Z. A laser-induced graphene-based electrochemical immunosensor for nucleic acid methylation detection. Analyst 2023; 149:137-147. [PMID: 37986634 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01628e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The detection of methylation in DNA and RNA is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of diseases. A one-step fabricated laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrode has received increasing attention due to its good electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, ease of miniaturization, low cost and flexibility. Herein, a potential biosensor for N6-methyladenosine (m6A-RNA) and 5-methylcystosine-single strand DNA (5mC-ssDNA) detection was designed. The aim of this paper is to address the problem of detecting the m6A-RNA and 5mC-ssDNA content in cells. By stepwise modification of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), sulfhydryl-modified nucleic acid chains, biotin-modified antibodies, and streptavidin-modified horseradish peroxidase (SA-HRP) at the LIG electrode, the peak current responses exhibited an increase proportional to the concentration of m6A-RNA and 5mC-ssDNA in the hydrogen peroxide-hydroquinone (H2O2-HQ) system. This method demonstrated a low detection limit of 2.81 pM for m6A-RNA and 9.53 pM for 5mC-ssDNA, with a linear detection range of 0.01 nM to 10 nM for both targets. The regression equation was determined as ΔI = 4.83 log c + 12.32 (R2 = 0.9980) for m6A-RNA and ΔI = 9.82 log c + 22.09 (R2 = 0.9903) for 5mC-ssDNA. Our method has good selectivity toward different detection targets of nucleic acid chains, stability for long-term storage and consecutive scanning (RSD of 9.42% and 2.08%, respectively) and reproducibility of 5 electrodes (RSD of 6.85%). This method utilizes gold-sulfur bonding to immobilize the detection target, which improves the conductivity of the LIG electrode and introduces an amplified portion of the signal by taking advantage of antigen-antibody specific binding. Thus, dual detection of m6A-RNA and 5mC-ssDNA was realized. Importantly, this approach is successfully applied for the detection of targets in spiked samples extracted from HeLa cells, suggesting its potential for clinical applications and providing a new perspective for the development of point-of care testing (POCT) techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Zilin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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6
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Pedersen T, Fojan P, Pedersen AKN, Magnusson NE, Gurevich L. Amperometric Biosensor for Quantitative Measurement Using Sandwich Immunoassays. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050519. [PMID: 37232880 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
State-of-the-art clinical detection methods typically involve standard immunoassay methods, requiring specialized equipment and trained personnel. This impedes their use in the Point-of-Care (PoC) environment, where ease of operation, portability, and cost efficiency are prioritized. Small, robust electrochemical biosensors provide a means with which to analyze biomarkers in biological fluids in PoC environments. Optimized sensing surfaces, immobilization strategies, and efficient reporter systems are key to improving biosensor detection systems. The signal transduction and general performance of electrochemical sensors are determined by surface properties that link the sensing element to the biological sample. We analyzed the surface characteristics of screen-printed and thin-film electrodes using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adapted for use in an electrochemical sensor. The robustness and reproducibility of the developed electrochemical immunosensor were investigated by detecting Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in urine. The sensor showed a detection limit of 1 ng/mL, a linear range of 3.5-80 ng/mL, and a CV% of 8%. The results demonstrate that the developed platform technology is suitable for immunoassay-based sensors on either screen-printed or thin-film gold electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thor Pedersen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
- Biostrip APS, Lindevangsvej 10, 8240 Risskov, Denmark
| | - Peter Fojan
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anne Kathrine Nissen Pedersen
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nils E Magnusson
- Biostrip APS, Lindevangsvej 10, 8240 Risskov, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Leonid Gurevich
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4A, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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Pourasl MH, Vahedi A, Tajalli H, Khalilzadeh B, Bayat F. Liquid crystal-assisted optical biosensor for early-stage diagnosis of mammary glands using HER-2. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6847. [PMID: 37100835 PMCID: PMC10133346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31668-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women around the world. The purpose of this study is to present a non-labeled liquid crystal (LC) biosensor, based on the inherent feature of nematic LCs, for the evaluation of BC using the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) biomarker. The mechanism of this sensing is supported by surface modification with dimethyloctadecyl [3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ammonium chloride (DMOAP) encouraging the long alkyl chains that induce a homeotropic orientation of the LC molecules at the interface. To enhance the binding efficacy of more HER-2 antibody (Ab) on LC aligning agents, a simple ultraviolet radiation-assisted method was also used to increase functional groups on the DMOAP coated slides, thereby improving binding affinity and efficiency onto HER-2 Abs. The designed biosensor makes use of the specific binding of HER-2 protein to HER-2 Ab and disruption of the orientation of LCs. This orientation change leads to a transition of the optical appearance from dark to birefringent, enabling the detection of HER-2. This novel biosensor exhibits a linear optical response to HER-2 concentration in the wide dynamic range of 10-6-102 ng/mL, with an ultra-low detection limit of 1 fg/mL. As a proof of concept, the designed LC biosensor was successfully investigated for the quantification of HER-2 protein in patients suffering from BC. Owing to the sensitivity, selectivity, and label-free detection, this biosensor may amplify the application of LC-based biosensors for the detection of most types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri H Pourasl
- Department of Physics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
- Biophotonic Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Vahedi
- Department of Physics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Habib Tajalli
- Department of Physics, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
- Biophotonic Research Center, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51664-14766, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Bayat
- Department of Physics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Zhang Y, Li N, Xu Y, Liu X, Ma Y, Huang Z, Luo H, Hou C, Huo D. A novel electrochemical biosensor based on AMNFs@ZIF-67 nano composite material for ultrasensitive detection of HER2. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 150:108362. [PMID: 36608370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antimonene (AMNFs) is a new kind of sp2-bonded honeycomb lattice two-dimensional material with strong rod-rail coupling, stability and hydrophilicity. Compared with graphene, antimonene has better sensitivity in DNA molecular sensing. We developed a suitable biosensor-Cd2+-aptamer@AMNFs@ZIF-67 nanocomposite for HER2 biomarker detection. Two-dimensional antimonene can be grown on the surface of ZIF-67 to enhance stability and biocompatibility. The aptamer chain can also be adsorbed on the surface of antimonene, and the complexes of the aptamer and the marker can be detached analytically after targeting the biomarker. The detection limit (LOD) was 4.853 fg/mL within 60 min, the detection range was 0-1000 pg/mL, and the LOD was lower than the existing HER2 aptamer biosensors. The results show that the biosensor has certain applicability and potential, and is expected to be a powerful tool for breast cancer diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yi Ma
- Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, 188 University Town, Yi bin 644000, PR China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, SeNA Research Institute and Szostak-CDHT Large Nucleic Acids Institute, Chengdu, 610000, PR China
| | - Huibo Luo
- Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, 188 University Town, Yi bin 644000, PR China
| | - Changjun Hou
- Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, 188 University Town, Yi bin 644000, PR China.
| | - Danqun Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception & Intelligent Information Processing, School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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Clack K, Soda N, Kasetsirikul S, Mahmudunnabi RG, Nguyen NT, Shiddiky MJA. Toward Personalized Nanomedicine: The Critical Evaluation of Micro and Nanodevices for Cancer Biomarker Analysis in Liquid Biopsy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205856. [PMID: 36631277 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy for the analysis of circulating cancer biomarkers (CBs) is a major advancement toward the early detection of cancer. In comparison to tissue biopsy techniques, liquid biopsy is relatively painless, offering multiple sampling opportunities across easily accessible bodily fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. Liquid biopsy is also relatively inexpensive and simple, avoiding the requirement for specialized laboratory equipment or trained medical staff. Major advances in the field of liquid biopsy are attributed largely to developments in nanotechnology and microfabrication that enables the creation of highly precise chip-based platforms. These devices can overcome detection limitations of an individual biomarker by detecting multiple markers simultaneously on the same chip, or by featuring integrated and combined target separation techniques. In this review, the major advances in the field of portable and semi-portable micro, nano, and multiplexed platforms for CB detection for the early diagnosis of cancer are highlighted. A comparative discussion is also provided, noting merits and drawbacks of the platforms, especially in terms of portability. Finally, key challenges toward device portability and possible solutions, as well as discussing the future direction of the field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Clack
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Narshone Soda
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Surasak Kasetsirikul
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Rabbee G Mahmudunnabi
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Muhammad J A Shiddiky
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre (QMNC), Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
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10
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Gutiérrez-Gálvez L, Sulleiro MV, Gutiérrez-Sánchez C, García-Nieto D, Luna M, Pérez EM, García-Mendiola T, Lorenzo E. MoS 2-Carbon Nanodots as a New Electrochemiluminescence Platform for Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13030348. [PMID: 36979560 PMCID: PMC10046281 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present the combination of two different types of nanomaterials, 2D molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS2-NS) and zero-dimensional carbon nanodots (CDs), for the development of a new electrochemiluminescence (ECL) platform for the early detection and quantification of the biomarker human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), whose overexpression is associated with breast cancer. MoS2-NS are used as an immobilization platform for the thiolated aptamer, which can recognize the HER2 epitope peptide with high affinity, and CDs act as coreactants of the anodic oxidation of the luminophore [Ru(bpy)3]2+. The HER2 biomarker is detected by changes in the ECL signal of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+/CD system, with a low detection limit of 1.84 fg/mL and a wide linear range. The proposed method has been successfully applied to detect the HER2 biomarker in human serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gutiérrez-Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Gutiérrez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel García-Nieto
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Luna
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio M. Pérez
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania García-Mendiola
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Pan J, Xu W, Li W, Chen S, Dai Y, Yu S, Zhou Q, Xia F. Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors with Tunable Detection Range. Anal Chem 2023; 95:420-432. [PMID: 36625123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wanlu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shanwu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qitao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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12
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Alnaimi A, Al-Hamry A, Makableh Y, Adiraju A, Kanoun O. Gold Nanoparticles-MWCNT Based Aptasensor for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1130. [PMID: 36551097 PMCID: PMC9776393 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed male malignancies and can be detected by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a biomarker. To detect PSA, several studies have proposed using antibodies, which are not economical and require a long reaction time. In this study, we propose to use self-assembled thiolated single-strand DNA on electrodes functionalized by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to realize a low-cost label-free electrochemical biosensor. In this regard, the PSA aptamer was immobilized via electrostatic adsorption on the surface of a screen-printed MWCNT/AuNPs electrode. The immobilization process was enhanced due to the presence of Au nanoparticles on the surface of the electrode. Surface characterization of the electrode at different stages of modification was performed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle for surface tension properties. The results showed an increase in surface roughness due to the absorbance of the aptamer on the electrode surfaces. The developed sensor has an extended linear range of 1-100 ng/mL, and a very low limit of detection down to 1 pg/mL. In addition, the reaction has a binding time of only five minutes on the developed electrodes. Investigations of the biosensor selectivity against several substances revealed an efficient selectivity for PSA detection. With this approach, low-cost biosensors with high sensitivity can be realized which have a wide linearity range and a low limit of detection, which are necessary for the early detection of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Alnaimi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Ammar Al-Hamry
- Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Yahia Makableh
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Anurag Adiraju
- Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Olfa Kanoun
- Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
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13
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Ye Q, Zhang Z, Liu J, Wang X. Screen-printed electrode-based biosensors modified with functional nucleic acid probes and their applications in this pandemic age: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2961-2975. [PMID: 35913361 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical methodology has probably been the most used sensing platform in the past few years as they provide superior advantages. In particular, screen-printed electrode (SPE)-based sensing applications stand out as they provide extraordinary miniaturized but robust and user-friendly detection system. In this context, we are focusing on the modification of SPE with functional nucleic acid probes and nanostructures to improve the electrochemical detection performance in versatile sensing applications, particularly in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Aptamers are immobilized on the electrode surface to detect non-nucleic acid targets and complementary probes to recognize and capture nucleic acid targets. In a step further, SPE-based biosensors with the modification of self-assembled DNA nanostructures are emphasized as they offer great potential for the interface engineering of the electrode surface and promote the excellent performance of various interface reactions. By equipping with a portable potentiostat and a smartphone monitoring device, the realization of this SPE-based miniaturized diagnostic system for the further requirement of fast and POC detection is revealed. Finally, more novel and excellent works are previewed and future perspectives in this field are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Ye
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Xuyao Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
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14
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Ghosh A, Gopinath SC, Firdous SM, Ramanathan S. Early detection of viral DNA in breast cancer using fingered aluminium interdigitated electrode modified by Streptavidin-biotin tetravalent complex. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Garkani Nejad F, Asadi MH, Sheikhshoaie I, Dourandish Z, Zaimbashi R, Beitollahi H. Construction of modified screen-printed graphite electrode for the application in electrochemical detection of sunset yellow in food samples. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 166:113243. [PMID: 35728724 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The current work introduced a novel electrochemical sensor (screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE) modified with MnO2 nanorods anchored graphene oxide nanocomposite (MnO2 NRs/GO) for sensitive determination of sunset yellow. The characterization of MnO2 NRs/GO nanocomposite synthesized through a simple hydrothermal approach was determined employing varied analytical equipment like Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Chronoamperometric measurements, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were recruited to recognize the electrochemical oxidation of sunset yellow on the MnO2 NRs/GO/SPGE. The results of CV proved that the as-synthesized MnO2 NRs/GO nanocomposite has a good electrocatalytic activity toward sunset yellow. The MnO2 NRs/GO/SPGE electrode under optimized conditions using the DPV possessed a linear response for different concentrations of sunset yellow (between 0.01 and 115.0 μM) with a low limit of detection (LOD) (0.008 μM). Finally, the impressive applicability of this sensor was confirmed via real sample analysis with excellent recoveries (between 97.3 and 104.6%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Garkani Nejad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76175-133, Iran
| | - Malek Hossein Asadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iran Sheikhshoaie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76175-133, Iran
| | - Zahra Dourandish
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76175-133, Iran
| | - Reza Zaimbashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, 76175-133, Iran
| | - Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
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16
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Screen-printed Gold Electrode Functionalized with Deferoxamine for Iron(III) Detection. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10060214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deferoxamine (DFO), a hydroxamic siderophore with a high affinity for Fe(III), is immobilized as a functionalized self-assembled monolayer of a thiol (SAM) on the gold surface of a screen-printed cell to develop a voltammetric sensor for iron(III). The surface of the working electrode was characterized, before and after functionalization, by determining surface properties such as the area and the double-layer capacitance. The Fe(III) detection was performed by DPV analysis after preconcentration of the cation at the open circuit potential in solution at pH = 1 for two minutes. The method was applied to the iron(III) quantification in water samples giving promising results.
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17
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Sohrabi H, Bolandi N, Hemmati A, Eyvazi S, Ghasemzadeh S, Baradaran B, Oroojalian F, Reza Majidi M, de la Guardia M, Mokhtarzadeh A. State-of-the-art cancer biomarker detection by portable (Bio) sensing technology: A critical review. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Soto D, Orozco J. Peptide-based simple detection of SARS-CoV-2 with electrochemical readout. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1205:339739. [PMID: 35414399 PMCID: PMC8935448 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is considered one of the worst pandemic outbreaks worldwide. This ongoing pandemic urgently requires rapid, accurate, and specific testing devices to detect the virus. We report a simple electrochemical biosensor based on a highly specific synthetic peptide to detect SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Unlike other reported electrochemical biosensors involving nanomaterials or complex approaches, our electrochemical platform uses screen-printed gold electrodes functionalized with the thiolated peptide, whose interaction with the Spike protein is directly followed by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. The electrochemical platform was Spike protein concentration-dependent, with high sensitivity and reproducibility and a limit of detection of 18.2 ng/mL when tested in Spike protein commercial solutions and 0.01 copies/mL in lysed SARS-CoV-2 particles. The label-free biosensor successfully detected the Spike protein in samples from infected patients straightforwardly in only 15 min. The simplicity of the proposed format combined with an on-demand designed peptide opens the path for detecting other pathogen-related antigens.
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19
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Parihar A, Singhal A, Kumar N, Khan R, Khan MA, Srivastava AK. Next-Generation Intelligent MXene-Based Electrochemical Aptasensors for Point-of-Care Cancer Diagnostics. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:100. [PMID: 35403935 PMCID: PMC8995416 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Delayed diagnosis of cancer using conventional diagnostic modalities needs to be addressed to reduce the mortality rate of cancer. Recently, 2D nanomaterial-enabled advanced biosensors have shown potential towards the early diagnosis of cancer. The high surface area, surface functional groups availability, and excellent electrical conductivity of MXene make it the 2D material of choice for the fabrication of advanced electrochemical biosensors for disease diagnostics. MXene-enabled electrochemical aptasensors have shown great promise for the detection of cancer biomarkers with a femtomolar limit of detection. Additionally, the stability, ease of synthesis, good reproducibility, and high specificity offered by MXene-enabled aptasensors hold promise to be the mainstream diagnostic approach. In this review, the design and fabrication of MXene-based electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers have been discussed. Besides, various synthetic processes and useful properties of MXenes which can be tuned and optimized easily and efficiently to fabricate sensitive biosensors have been elucidated. Further, futuristic sensing applications along with challenges will be deliberated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India
| | - Ayushi Singhal
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Raju Khan
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Mohd. Akram Khan
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India
| | - Avanish K. Srivastava
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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20
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Chupradit S, Jasim SA, Bokov D, Mahmoud MZ, Roomi AB, Hachem K, Rudiansyah M, Suksatan W, Bidares R. Recent advances in biosensor devices for HER-2 cancer biomarker detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1301-1310. [PMID: 35318477 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00111j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) protein is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ErbB) family and is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. HER-2 is highly regulated in ovarian, lung, gastric, oral, and breast cancers. The low specificity, complexity, expensiveness and the lack of sensitivity are essential restrictions in traditional diagnosis methods such as FISH, immunohistochemistry and PCR and these disadvantages led to the need for more studies on alternative methods. Biosensor technology has greatly affected the quality of human life owing to its features including, sensitivity, specificity, and rapid diagnosis and monitoring of different patient diseases. In this review article, we examine various biosensors, considering that they have been categorized based on the transducers used including piezoelectric biosensors, optical sensors such as fluorescence and surface plasmon resonance, and electrochemical types for the diagnosis of HER-2 and the effectiveness of some drugs against that. Attention to developing some types of biosensor devices such as colorimetric biosensors for HER-2 detection can be an important point in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Dmitry Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., Bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation
| | - Mustafa Z Mahmoud
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ali B Roomi
- PhD Biochemistry, Ministry of Education, Directorate of Education Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq
- Biochemistry and Biological Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | - Kadda Hachem
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Saida - Dr Moulay Tahar, 20000 Saida, Algeria
| | - Mohammad Rudiansyah
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Ramtin Bidares
- Department of Anatomy, Histology Forensic Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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21
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Tajik S, Beitollahi H, Shahsavari S, Nejad FG. Simultaneous and selective electrochemical sensing of methotrexate and folic acid in biological fluids and pharmaceutical samples using Fe 3O 4/ppy/Pd nanocomposite modified screen printed graphite electrode. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132736. [PMID: 34728224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fabricate an electrochemical sensor for the detection of methotrexate and folic acid based on a screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE) modified with prepared iron oxide (Fe3O4)/polypyrrole (ppy)/Palladium (Pd) nanocomposite. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were employed to characterize the Fe3O4/ppy/Pd nanocomposite. The produced modifier was used to induce a remarkable electrocatalytic impact relative to the oxidation of methotrexate, which caused the potential peak shift to a less positive amount (from 800 mV to about 500 mV) and improved the peak current (from 5.3 μA to about 16 μA). Methotrexate peak current was linearly dependent on its concentration from 0.03100.0 μM and the limit of detection (LOD) was estimated at 7.0 nM. The methotrexate and folic acid were co-detected by the proposed sensor. The experimental results indicated that the oxidation peaks of methotrexate and folic acid were separated about 200 mV in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.0. Fe3O4/ppy/Pd/SPGE was successfully able to detect methotrexate and folic acid in pharmaceutical and biological samples with excellent recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Tajik
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Shahsavari
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Garkani Nejad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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22
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Sousa DA, Carneiro M, Ferreira D, Moreira FTC, Sales MGFV, Rodrigues LR. Recent advances in the selection of cancer-specific aptamers for the development of biosensors. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5850-5880. [PMID: 35209816 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220224155037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An early diagnosis has the potential to greatly decrease cancer mortality. For that purpose, specific cancer biomarkers have been molecularly targeted by aptamer sequences to enable an accurate and rapid detection. Aptamer-based biosensors for cancer diagnostics are a promising alternative to those using antibodies, due to their high affinity and specificity to the target molecules and advantageous production. Synthetic nucleic acid aptamers are generated by in vitro Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX) methodologies that have been improved over the years to enhance the efficacy and to shorten the selection process. Aptamers have been successfully applied in electrochemical, optical, photoelectrochemical and piezoelectrical-based detection strategies. These aptasensors comprise a sensitive, accurate and inexpensive option for cancer detection being used as point-of-care devices. This review highlights the recent advances in cancer biomarkers, achievements and optimizations made in aptamer selection, as well as the different aptasensors developed for the detection of several cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Sousa
- CEB- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- MIT-Portugal Program, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana Carneiro
- CEB- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- BioMark@ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Débora Ferreira
- CEB- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- MIT-Portugal Program, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Felismina T C Moreira
- CEB- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- BioMark@ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Goreti F V Sales
- CEB- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- MIT-Portugal Program, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioMark@UC, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- CEB- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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23
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Arrieiro MO, Arantes LC, Moreira DA, Pimentel DM, Lima CD, Costa LM, Verly RM, dos Santos WT. Electrochemical detection of eutylone using screen-printed electrodes: Rapid and simple screening method for application in forensic samples. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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Mayrovitz HN, Weingrad DN. Tissue Dielectric Constant Differentials between Malignant and Benign Breast Tumors. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:473-477. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Tevatia R, Chan A, Oltmanns L, Lim JM, Christensen A, Stoller M, Saraf RF. Electrochemical Beacon Method to Quantify 10 Attomolar Nucleic Acids with a Semilog Dynamic Range of 7 Orders of Magnitude. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16409-16416. [PMID: 34843203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Change in the dynamics of single-stranded DNA or RNA probes tethered to an Au electrode on immunospecific binding to the analyte is a versatile approach to quantify a variety of molecules, such as heavy metal ions, pesticides, proteins, and nucleic acids (NAs). A widely studied approach is the electrochemical beacon method where the redox of a dye attached to the probe decreases as its proximity to the underlying electrode changes on binding. The limit of quantification (LOQ) defined by the semilog dependence of the signal on target concentration is in the picomolar range. Here, a method was studied where, by differential reflectivity, multiple reactions were measured on a monolith electrode. An alternative contrast mechanism was discovered, which led to an approach to enhance the LOQ to 10 aM and increase the dynamic range to 7 orders of magnitude using similar probes and binding conditions. Quantitative analysis on sequences with the G-C fraction ranging from 37 to 72% was performed. The approach will allow for the development of a label-free, enzyme-free microarray to detect biomolecules including NAs and proteins on a single electrode at quantification from 10 aM to 0.1 nM with high specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Tevatia
- Vajra Instruments, Lincoln, Nebraska 68512, United States
| | - Alicia Chan
- Vajra Instruments, Lincoln, Nebraska 68512, United States
| | - Lance Oltmanns
- Vajra Instruments, Lincoln, Nebraska 68512, United States
| | - Jay Min Lim
- Vajra Instruments, Lincoln, Nebraska 68512, United States
| | | | | | - Ravi F Saraf
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States.,Nebraska Center for Material and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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26
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Jing L, Xie C, Li Q, Yang M, Li S, Li H, Xia F. Electrochemical Biosensors for the Analysis of Breast Cancer Biomarkers: From Design to Application. Anal Chem 2021; 94:269-296. [PMID: 34854296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chongyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Ahirwar R. Recent advances in nanomaterials-based electrochemical immunosensors and aptasensors for HER2 assessment in breast cancer. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:317. [PMID: 34476602 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the key molecular targets in breast cancer pathogenesis. Overexpression and/or amplification of HER2 in approximately 15-20% of breast cancer patients is associated with high mortality and poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence shows that accurate and sensitive detection of HER2 improves the survival outcomes for HER2-positive breast cancer patients from targeted therapies. The current methods of clinical determination of HER2 expression levels are based on slide-based assays that rely on invasively collected primary tumours. Alternatively, ELISA-based detection of the shredded HER2 extracellular domain (HER2-ECD) of has been suggested as a surrogate method for monitoring disease progress and treatment response in breast cancer patients. In the past decade, biosensors have emerged as an alternative modality for the detection of circulating HER2-ECD in human serum samples. In particular, electrochemical biosensors based on nanomaterials and antibodies and aptamers have been increasingly developed as promising tools for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of HER2-ECD. These biosensors harness the high affinity and specificity of antibodies and aptamers, and unique conductive properties, biocompatibility, large surface area, and chemical stability of nanomaterials for selective and sensitive assessment of the HER2. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the application of nanomaterials-based immunosensors and aptasensors for detection of circulating HER2-ECD. In particular, various electrochemical techniques, detection approaches, and nanomaterials are discussed. Further, analytical figures of merit of various HER2 immunosensors and aptasensors are compared. Finally, possible challenges and potential opportunities for biosensor-based detection of HER2-ECD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ahirwar
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India.
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Polythionine and gold nanostar-based impedimetric aptasensor for label-free detection of α-synuclein oligomers. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-021-01589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Applications of electrochemical biosensor of aptamers-based (APTASENSOR) for the detection of leukemia biomarker. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2021.100416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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30
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Liu LS, Wang F, Ge Y, Lo PK. Recent Developments in Aptasensors for Diagnostic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9329-9358. [PMID: 33155468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are exciting smart molecular probes for specific recognition of disease biomarkers. A number of strategies have been developed to convert target-aptamer binding into physically detectable signals. Since the aptamer sequence was first discovered, a large variety of aptamer-based biosensors have been developed, with considerable attention paid to their potential applications in clinical diagnostics. So far, a variety of techniques in combination with a wide range of functional nanomaterials have been used for the design of aptasensors to further improve the sensitivity and detection limit of target determination. In this paper, the advantages of aptamers over traditional antibodies as the molecular recognition components in biosensors for high-throughput screening target molecules are highlighted. Aptamer-target pairing configurations are predominantly single- or dual-site binding; the design of recognition modes of each aptamer-target pairing configuration is described. Furthermore, signal transduction strategies including optical, electrical, mechanical, and mass-sensitive modes are clearly explained together with examples. Finally, we summarize the recent progress in the development of aptamer-based biosensors for clinical diagnosis, including detection of cancer and disease biomarkers and in vivo molecular imaging. We then conclude with a discussion on the advanced development and challenges of aptasensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sum Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yonghe Ge
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Recent Progress and Opportunities for Nucleic Acid Aptamers. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11030193. [PMID: 33671039 PMCID: PMC7997341 DOI: 10.3390/life11030193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coined three decades ago, the term aptamer and directed evolution have now reached their maturity. The concept that nucleic acid could modulate the activity of target protein as ligand emerged from basic science studies of viruses. Aptamers are short nucleic acid sequences capable of specific, high-affinity molecular binding, which allow for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Compared to traditional antibodies, aptamers have several advantages, including small size, flexible structure, good biocompatibility, and low immunogenicity. In vitro selection method is used to isolate aptamers that are specific for a desired target from a randomized oligonucleotide library. The first aptamer drug, Macugen, was approved by FDA in 2004, which was accompanied by many studies and clinical investigations on various targets and diseases. Despite much promise, most aptamers have failed to meet the requisite safety and efficacy standards in human clinical trials. Amid these setbacks, the emergence of novel technologies and recent advances in aptamer and systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) design are fueling hope in this field. The unique properties of aptamer are gaining renewed interest in an era of COVID-19. The binding performance of an aptamer and reproducibility are still the key issues in tackling current hurdles in clinical translation. A thorough analysis of the aptamer binding under varying conditions and the conformational dynamics is warranted. Here, the challenges and opportunities of aptamers are reviewed with recent progress.
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Rauf S, Lahcen AA, Aljedaibi A, Beduk T, Ilton de Oliveira Filho J, Salama KN. Gold nanostructured laser-scribed graphene: A new electrochemical biosensing platform for potential point-of-care testing of disease biomarkers. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 180:113116. [PMID: 33662847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in the laser-scribed graphene (LSG)-based electrodes are critical to overcoming limitations of bare LSG electrodes in terms of sensitivity, direct immobilization of detection probes for biosensor fabrication, and ease of integration with point-of-care (POC) devices. Herein, we introduce a new class of nanostructured gold modified LSG (LSG-AuNS) electrochemical sensing system comprising LSG-AuNS working electrode, LSG reference, and LSG counter electrode. LSG-AuNS electrodes are realized by electrodeposition of gold chloride (HAuCl4) solution, which gave~2-fold enhancement in sensitivity and electrocatalytic activity compared to bare LSG electrode and commercially available screen-printed gold electrode (SPAuE). We demonstrate LSG-AuNS electrochemical aptasensor for detecting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.008 ng/mL and a linear range of 0.1-200 ng/mL. LSG-AuNS-aptasensor can easily detect different concentrations of Her-2 spiked in undiluted human serum. Finally, to show the LSG-AuNS sensor system's potential to develop POC biosensor devices, we integrated LSG-AuNS electrodes with a handheld electrochemical system operated using a custom-developed mobile application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakandar Rauf
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Centre (AMPMC). Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdellatif Ait Lahcen
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Centre (AMPMC). Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Aljedaibi
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Centre (AMPMC). Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tutku Beduk
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Centre (AMPMC). Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - José Ilton de Oliveira Filho
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Centre (AMPMC). Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled N Salama
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes & Porous Materials Centre (AMPMC). Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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