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Jamrógiewicz M, Bray A, Gołuński G, Bełdzińska P, Zakrzewski M. Photodegradation of indomethacin and naproxen contained within commercial products for skin - RAP. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 246:116201. [PMID: 38788621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Patient can be exposed to the photodegradation products of a drug after skin application of topical formulations. NSAIDs, with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, are known for the potential photoinstability, and are applied often in the form of creams, gels or liquids, commonly used among athletes, elderly people, geriatric patients and patients treated with multidrug therapies. Susceptibility to photodegradation hazard of those group arises the need for development of a new approach, with the ability to evaluate the patient safety. We planned to use a rapid assessment procedure (RAP) of safety by testing the photostability of popular skin medicinal products. This method, proposed many years ago by WHO, is now reintroduced to analytical applications in industry, when emergency drugs (e.g. for Covid) are implemented to the market in accelerated procedures. In the health care system, qualitative evaluation of drugs is extremely valuable, therefore we have planned to identify photodegradation using the FTIR method - infrared spectroscopy and DSC - differential scanning calorimetry, whilst the risk of formation of genotoxic products using the Ames test. We have successfully demonstrated that changes in the chemical structure and physical form of both pure APIs and drug products containing the API be assessed in a short time. Another advantage of our work is the combination of the developed results from FTIR/NIR spectra with statistical analysis. As a result, full and quick qualitative assessment of the effects of photoexposure of selected NSAIDs is performed, fortunately showing no mutagenicity. Due to the popularity of NSAIDs applied to the skin, a gel containing naproxen and spray with indomethacin were selected for testing. The analysis carried out for various formulations of both preparations allows us to demonstrate the universality of the applied RAP methods in assessing the risk of hazard to the patient, thus we present research results that expand or widen the knowledge and assessment of risks related to the use of drugs on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Jamrógiewicz
- Medical University of Gdansk, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physical Chemistry, 80-416 Gdansk, Al. Gen, Hallera 107, Poland.
| | - Adam Bray
- Medical University of Gdansk, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physical Chemistry, 80-416 Gdansk, Al. Gen, Hallera 107, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Gołuński
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-MUG, Abrahama 58, Gdansk 80-822, Poland
| | - Patrycja Bełdzińska
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-MUG, Abrahama 58, Gdansk 80-822, Poland
| | - Marcin Zakrzewski
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-MUG, Abrahama 58, Gdansk 80-822, Poland
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Jiang W, Zhan Y, Zhang Y, Sun D, Zhang G, Wang Z, Chen L, Sun J. Synergistic large segmental bone repair by 3D printed bionic scaffolds and engineered ADSC nanovesicles: Towards an optimized regenerative microenvironment. Biomaterials 2024; 308:122566. [PMID: 38603824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Achieving sufficient bone regeneration in large segmental defects is challenging, with the structure of bone repair scaffolds and their loaded bioactive substances crucial for modulating the local osteogenic microenvironment. This study utilized digital laser processing (DLP)-based 3D printing technology to successfully fabricate high-precision methacryloylated polycaprolactone (PCLMA) bionic bone scaffold structures. Adipose-derived stem cell-engineered nanovesicles (ADSC-ENs) were uniformly and stably modified onto the bionic scaffold surface using a perfusion device, constructing a conducive microenvironment for tissue regeneration and long bone defect repair through the scaffold's structural design and the vesicles' biological functions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the scaffold surface confirmed the efficient loading of ADSC-ENs. The material group loaded with vesicles (PCLMA-BAS-ENs) demonstrated good cell compatibility and osteogenic potential when analyzed for the adhesion and osteogenesis of primary rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the material surface. Tested in a 15 mm critical rabbit radial defect model, the PCLMA-BAS-ENs scaffold facilitated near-complete bone defect repair after 12 weeks. Immunofluorescence and proteomic results indicated that the PCLMA-BAS-ENs scaffold significantly improved the osteogenic microenvironment at the defect site in vivo, promoted angiogenesis, and enhanced the polarization of macrophages towards M2 phenotype, and facilitated the recruitment of BMSCs. Thus, the PCLMA-BAS-ENs scaffold was proven to significantly promote the repair of large segmental bone defects. Overall, this strategy of combining engineered vesicles with highly biomimetic scaffolds to promote large-segment bone tissue regeneration holds great potential in orthopedic and other regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yichen Zhan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Di Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lifeng Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Hu J, Wei J, Liu J, Yuan L, Li Y, Luo X, Li Y, Li J. A Novel Strategy for Fabrication of Polyamide 66/Nanohydroxyapatite Composite Bone Repair Scaffolds by Low-Temperature Three-Dimensional Printing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4073-4084. [PMID: 38752228 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Due to the decomposition temperature of Polyamide 66 (PA66) in the environment is close to its thermoforming temperature, it is difficult to construct porous scaffolds of PA66/nanohydroxyapatite (PA66/HAp) by fused deposition modeling (FDM) three-dimensional (3D) printing. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time a method for 3D printing PA66/HAp composites at room temperature, prepared PA66/HAp printing ink using a mixed solvent of formic acid/dichloromethane (FA/DCM), and constructed a series of composite scaffolds with varying HAp content. This printing system can print composite materials with a high HAp content of 60 wt %, which is close to the mineral content in natural bone. The physicochemical evaluation presented that the hydroxyapatite was uniformly distributed within the PA66 matrix, and the PA66/HAp composite scaffold with 30 wt % HAp content exhibited optimal mechanical properties and printability. The results of in vitro cell culture experiments indicated that the incorporation of HAp into the PA66 matrix significantly improved the cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured on the scaffold. In vivo animal experiments suggested that the PA66/HAp composite material with 30 wt % HAp content had the best structural maintenance and osteogenic performance. The three-dimensional PA66/HAp composite scaffold prepared by low temperature printing in the current study holds great potential for the repair of large-area bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Hu
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiawei Wei
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiangshan Liu
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yongzhi Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Kirmanidou Y, Chatzinikolaidou M, Michalakis K, Tsouknidas A. Clinical translation of polycaprolactone-based tissue engineering scaffolds, fabricated via additive manufacturing: A review of their craniofacial applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 162:213902. [PMID: 38823255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The craniofacial region is characterized by its intricate bony anatomy and exposure to heightened functional forces presenting a unique challenge for reconstruction. Additive manufacturing has revolutionized the creation of customized scaffolds with interconnected pores and biomimetic microarchitecture, offering precise adaptation to various craniofacial defects. Within this domain, medical-grade poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) has been extensively used for the fabrication of 3D printed scaffolds, specifically tailored for bone regeneration. Its adoption for load-bearing applications was driven mainly by its mechanical properties, adjustable biodegradation rates, and high biocompatibility. The present review aims to consolidating current insights into the clinical translation of PCL-based constructs designed for bone regeneration. It encompasses recent advances in enhancing the mechanical properties and augmenting biodegradation rates of PCL and PCL-based composite scaffolds. Moreover, it delves into various strategies improving cell proliferation and the osteogenic potential of PCL-based materials. These strategies provide insight into the refinement of scaffold microarchitecture, composition, and surface treatments or coatings, that include certain bioactive molecules such as growth factors, proteins, and ceramic nanoparticles. The review critically examines published data on the clinical applications of PCL scaffolds in both extraoral and intraoral craniofacial reconstructions. These applications include cranioplasty, nasal and orbital floor reconstruction, maxillofacial reconstruction, and intraoral bone regeneration. Patient demographics, surgical procedures, follow-up periods, complications and failures are thoroughly discussed. Although results from extraoral applications in the craniofacial region are encouraging, intraoral applications present a high frequency of complications and related failures. Moving forward, future studies should prioritize refining the clinical performance, particularly in the domain of intraoral applications, and providing comprehensive data on the long-term outcomes of PCL-based scaffolds in bone regeneration. Future perspective and limitations regarding the transition of such constructs from bench to bedside are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kirmanidou
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Computational Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, University Campus ZEP, 50100 Kozani, Greece
| | - M Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FO.R.T.H), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - K Michalakis
- Laboratory of Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences & Biomaterials, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston MA-02111, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Tsouknidas
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Computational Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, University Campus ZEP, 50100 Kozani, Greece; Laboratory of Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Sciences & Biomaterials, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston MA-02111, USA.
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Emadi H, Baghani M, Masoudi Rad M, Hoomehr B, Baniassadi M, Lotfian S. 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone-Based Containing Calcium Zirconium Silicate: Bioactive Scaffold for Accelerating Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1389. [PMID: 38794582 PMCID: PMC11125223 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an essential clinical need to develop rapid process scaffolds to repair bone defects. The current research presented the development of calcium zirconium silicate/polycaprolactone for bone tissue engineering utilising melt extrusion-based 3D printing. Calcium zirconium silicate (CZS) nanoparticles were added to polycaprolactone (PCL) porous scaffolds to enhance their biological and mechanical properties, while the resulting properties were studied extensively. No significant difference was found in the melting point of the samples, while the crystallisation temperature points of the samples containing bioceramic increased from 36.1 to 40.2 °C. Thermal degradation commenced around 350 °C for all materials. According to our results, increasing the CZS content from 0 to 40 wt.% (PC40) in porous scaffolds (porosity about 55-62%) improved the compressive strength from 2.8 to 10.9 MPa. Furthermore, apatite formation ability in SBF solution increased significantly by enhancing the CZS percentage. According to MTT test results, the viability of MG63 cells improved remarkably (~29%) in PC40 compared to pure PCL. These findings suggest that a 3D-printed PCL/CZS composite scaffold can be fabricated successfully and shows great potential as an implantable material for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Emadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran;
| | - Mostafa Baghani
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran;
| | - Maryam Masoudi Rad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Bahareh Hoomehr
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Majid Baniassadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran;
| | - Saeid Lotfian
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0LZ, UK
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Gharibshahian M, Salehi M, Kamalabadi-Farahani M, Alizadeh M. Magnesium-oxide-enhanced bone regeneration: 3D-printing of gelatin-coated composite scaffolds with sustained Rosuvastatin release. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:130995. [PMID: 38521323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Critical-size bone defects are one of the main challenges in bone tissue regeneration that determines the need to use angiogenic and osteogenic agents. Rosuvastatin (RSV) is a class of cholesterol-lowering drugs with osteogenic potential. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is an angiogenesis component affecting apatite formation. This study aims to evaluate 3D-printed Polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate/nano-hydroxyapatite/ MgO (PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO) scaffolds as a carrier for MgO and RSV in bone regeneration. For this purpose, PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO scaffolds were fabricated with a 3D-printing method and coated with gelatin and RSV. The biocompatibility and osteogenicity of scaffolds were examined with MTT, ALP, and Alizarin red staining. Finally, the scaffolds were implanted in a bone defect of rat's calvaria, and tissue regeneration was investigated after 3 months. Our results showed that the simultaneous presence of RSV and MgO improved biocompatibility, wettability, degradation rate, and ALP activity but decreased mechanical strength. PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO/gelatin-RSV scaffolds produced sustained release of MgO and RSV within 30 days. CT images showed that PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO/gelatin-RSV scaffolds filled approximately 86.83 + 4.9 % of the defects within 3 months and improved angiogenesis, woven bone, and osteogenic genes expression. These results indicate the potential of PCL/β-TCP/nHA/MgO/gelatin-RSV scaffolds as a promising tool for bone regeneration and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Gharibshahian
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalabadi-Farahani
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Anjum S, Li T, Saeed M, Ao Q. Exploring polysaccharide and protein-enriched decellularized matrix scaffolds for tendon and ligament repair: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127891. [PMID: 37931866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has become a primary research topic for the treatment of diseased or damaged tendon/ligament (T/L) tissue. T/L injuries pose a severe clinical burden worldwide, necessitating the development of effective strategies for T/L repair and tissue regeneration. TE has emerged as a promising strategy for restoring T/L function using decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based scaffolds. dECM scaffolds have gained significant prominence because of their native structure, relatively high bioactivity, low immunogenicity, and ability to function as scaffolds for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, which are difficult to imitate using synthetic materials. Here, we review the recent advances and possible future prospects for the advancement of dECM scaffolds for T/L tissue regeneration. We focus on crucial scaffold properties and functions, as well as various engineering strategies employed for biomaterial design in T/L regeneration. dECM provides both the physical and mechanical microenvironments required by cells to survive and proliferate. Various decellularization methods and sources of allogeneic and xenogeneic dECM in T/L repair and regeneration are critically discussed. Additionally, dECM hydrogels, bio-inks in 3D bioprinting, and nanofibers are briefly explored. Understanding the opportunities and challenges associated with dECM-based scaffold development is crucial for advancing T/L repairs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Anjum
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Mohammad Saeed
- Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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8
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Ortiz-Ortiz DN, Mokarizadeh AH, Segal M, Dang F, Zafari M, Tsige M, Joy A. Synergistic Effect of Physical and Chemical Cross-Linkers Enhances Shape Fidelity and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printable Low-Modulus Polyesters. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5091-5104. [PMID: 37882707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is becoming increasingly prevalent in tissue engineering, driving the demand for low-modulus, high-performance, biodegradable, and biocompatible polymers. Extrusion-based direct-write (EDW) 3D printing enables printing and customization of low-modulus materials, ranging from cell-free printing to cell-laden bioinks that closely resemble natural tissue. While EDW holds promise, the requirement for soft materials with excellent printability and shape fidelity postprinting remains unmet. The development of new synthetic materials for 3D printing applications has been relatively slow, and only a small polymer library is available for tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, most of these polymers require high temperature (FDM) or additives and solvents (DLP/SLA) to enable printability. In this study, we present low-modulus 3D printable polyester inks that enable low-temperature printing without the need for solvents or additives. To maintain shape fidelity, we incorporate physical and chemical cross-linkers. These 3D printable polyester inks contain pendant amide groups as the physical cross-linker and coumarin pendant groups as the photochemical cross-linker. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirm the presence of physical interactions between different pendants, including hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The combination of the two types of cross-linkers enhances the zero-shear viscosity and hence provides good printability and shape fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliris N Ortiz-Ortiz
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Abdol Hadi Mokarizadeh
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Maddison Segal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Francis Dang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Mahdi Zafari
- Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Mesfin Tsige
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Abraham Joy
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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Stafin K, Śliwa P, Piątkowski M. Towards Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering: A Biomimetic Approach in a 3D Printing Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16180. [PMID: 38003368 PMCID: PMC10671727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The alveolar bone is a unique type of bone, and the goal of bone tissue engineering (BTE) is to develop methods to facilitate its regeneration. Currently, an emerging trend involves the fabrication of polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds using a three-dimensional (3D) printing technique to enhance an osteoconductive architecture. These scaffolds are further modified with hydroxyapatite (HA), type I collagen (CGI), or chitosan (CS) to impart high osteoinductive potential. In conjunction with cell therapy, these scaffolds may serve as an appealing alternative to bone autografts. This review discusses research gaps in the designing of 3D-printed PCL-based scaffolds from a biomimetic perspective. The article begins with a systematic analysis of biological mineralisation (biomineralisation) and ossification to optimise the scaffold's structural, mechanical, degradation, and surface properties. This scaffold-designing strategy lays the groundwork for developing a research pathway that spans fundamental principles such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and fabrication techniques. Ultimately, this paves the way for systematic in vitro and in vivo studies, leading to potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Stafin
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Śliwa
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (K.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Marek Piątkowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, PL 31-155 Kraków, Poland
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10
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Zengin A, Teixeira FC, Feliciano T, Habibovic P, Mota CD, Baker MB, van Rijt S. Matrix metalloproteinase degradable, in situ photocrosslinked nanocomposite bioinks for bioprinting applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213647. [PMID: 37839298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of suitable bioinks with high printability, mechanical strength, biodegradability, and biocompatibility is a key challenge for the clinical translation of 3D constructs produced with bioprinting technologies. In this work, we developed a new type of nanocomposite bioinks containing thiolated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) that act as active fillers within norbornene-functionalized hydrogels. The MSNs could rapidly covalently crosslink the hydrogels upon exposure to UV light. The mechanical properties of the gels could be modulated from 9.3 to 19.7 kPa with increasing concentrations of MSN. The ability of the MSN to covalently crosslink polymeric networks was, however, significantly influenced by polymer architecture and the number of functional groups. Modification of the outer surface of MSNs with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) sensitive peptides (MSN-MMPs) resulted in proteinase K and MMP-9 enzyme responsive biodegradable bioinks. Additional cysteine modified RGD peptide incorporation enhanced cell-matrix interactions and reduced the gelation time for bioprinting. The nanocomposite bioinks could be printed by using extrusion-based bioprinting. Our nanocomposite bioinks preserved their shape during in vitro studies and encapsulated MG63 cells preserved their viability and proliferated within the bioinks. As such, our nanocomposite bioinks are promising bioinks for creating bioprinted constructs with tunable mechanical and degradation properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aygul Zengin
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Filipa Castro Teixeira
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tony Feliciano
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibovic
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carlos Domingues Mota
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthew B Baker
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine van Rijt
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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11
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Ghosh Dastidar A, Clarke SA, Larrañeta E, Buchanan F, Manda K. In Vitro Degradation of 3D-Printed Poly(L-lactide-Co-Glycolic Acid) Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3714. [PMID: 37765567 PMCID: PMC10534938 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The creation of scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering has faced significant challenges in developing constructs that can provide sufficient biomechanical support and offer suitable degradation characteristics. Ideally, such tissue-engineering techniques necessitate the fabrication of scaffolds that mirror the mechanical characteristics of the articular cartilage while degrading safely without damaging the regenerating tissues. The aim of this study was to create porous, biomechanically comparable 3D-printed scaffolds made from Poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) 85:15 and to assess their degradation at physiological conditions 37 °C in pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for up to 56 days. Furthermore, the effect of scaffold degradation on the cell viability and proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSC) was evaluated in vitro. To assess the long-term degradation of the scaffolds, accelerated degradation tests were performed at an elevated temperature of 47 °C for 28 days. The results show that the fabricated scaffolds were porous with an interconnected architecture and had comparable biomechanical properties to native cartilage. The degradative changes indicated stable degradation at physiological conditions with no significant effect on the properties of the scaffold and biocompatibility of the scaffold to HBMSC. Furthermore, the accelerated degradation tests showed consistent degradation of the scaffolds even in the long term without the notable release of acidic byproducts. It is hoped that the fabrication and degradation characteristics of this scaffold will, in the future, translate into a potential medical device for cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Ghosh Dastidar
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK; (A.G.D.); (F.B.)
| | - Susan A Clarke
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Fraser Buchanan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK; (A.G.D.); (F.B.)
| | - Krishna Manda
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK; (A.G.D.); (F.B.)
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12
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Zhang Y, Yu L, Qiu R, Cao L, Ye G, Lin R, Wang Y, Wang G, Hu B, Hou H. 3D hypoxia-mimicking and anti-synechia hydrogel enabling promoted neovascularization for renal injury repair and regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2023; 21:100694. [PMID: 37346780 PMCID: PMC10279555 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In-situ renal tissue engineering is promising yet challenging for renal injury repair and regeneration due to the highly vascularized structure of renal tissue and complex high-oxidative stress and ischemic microenvironment. Herein, a novel biocompatible 3D porous hydrogel (DFO-gel) with sustained release capacity of hypoxia mimicking micromolecule drug deferoxamine (DFO) was developed for in-situ renal injury repair. In vitro and in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the developed DFO-gels can exert the synchronous benefit of scavenging excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulating inflammatory microenvironment and promoting angiogenesis for effective renal injury repair by up-regulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The in-situ neogenesis of neonatal glomerular- and tubular-like structures in the implanted areas in the partially nephrectomized rats also suggested the potential for promoting renal injury repair and regeneration. This multifunctional hydrogel can not only exhibit the sustained release and promoted bio-uptake capacity for DFO, but also improve the renal injured microenvironment by alleviating oxidative and inflammatory stress, accelerating neovascularization, and promoting efficient anti-synechia. We believe this work offers a promising strategy for renal injury repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehang Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, State Key Lab for Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Division of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Renjie Qiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Lisha Cao
- Division of Nephrology, State Key Lab for Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Genlan Ye
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Rurong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Yongqin Wang
- Division of Nephrology, State Key Lab for Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Guobao Wang
- Division of Nephrology, State Key Lab for Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Bianxiang Hu
- Division of Nephrology, State Key Lab for Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
| | - Honghao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, PR China
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13
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Balasankar A, Anbazhakan K, Arul V, Mutharaian VN, Sriram G, Aruchamy K, Oh TH, Ramasundaram S. Recent Advances in the Production of Pharmaceuticals Using Selective Laser Sintering. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:330. [PMID: 37622935 PMCID: PMC10452903 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing process that has shown promise in the production of medical devices, including hip cups, knee trays, dental crowns, and hearing aids. SLS-based 3D-printed dosage forms have the potential to revolutionise the production of personalised drugs. The ability to manipulate the porosity of printed materials is a particularly exciting aspect of SLS. Porous tablet formulations produced by SLS can disintegrate orally within seconds, which is challenging to achieve with traditional methods. SLS also enables the creation of amorphous solid dispersions in a single step, rather than the multi-step process required with conventional methods. This review provides an overview of 3D printing, describes the operating mechanism and necessary materials for SLS, and highlights recent advances in SLS for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Furthermore, an in-depth comparison and contrast of various 3D printing technologies for their effectiveness in tissue engineering applications is also presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athinarayanan Balasankar
- Department of Physics, Gobi Arts & Science College, Erode, Gobichettipalayam 638453, India; (A.B.); (K.A.)
| | - Kandasamy Anbazhakan
- Department of Physics, Gobi Arts & Science College, Erode, Gobichettipalayam 638453, India; (A.B.); (K.A.)
| | - Velusamy Arul
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Eshwar College of Engineering (Autonomous), Coimbatore 641202, India;
| | | | - Ganesan Sriram
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kanakaraj Aruchamy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae Hwan Oh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
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14
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Hu Z, Jiang Z, Meng S, Liu R, Yang K. Research Progress on the Osteogenesis-Related Regulatory Mechanisms of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1252-1267. [PMID: 36917312 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, research on human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) derived from human umbilical cord tissue has accelerated and entered clinical application research. Compared with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from other sources, hUCMSCs can be extracted from different parts of umbilical cord or from the whole umbilical cord. It has the characteristics of less ethical controversy, high differentiation potential, strong proliferation ability, efficient expansion in vitro, avoiding immune rejection and immune privilege, and avoids the limitations of lack of embryonic stem cells, heterogeneity, ethical and moral constraints. hUCMSCs avoid the need for embryonic stem cell sources, heterogeneity, and ethical and moral constraints. Bone defects are very common in clinical practice, but completely effective bone tissue regeneration treatment is challenging. Currently, autologous bone transplantation and allogeneic bone transplantation are main treatment approaches in clinical work, but each has different shortcomings, such as limited sources, invasiveness, immune rejection and insufficient osteogenic ability. Therefore, to solve the bottleneck of bone tissue regeneration and repair, a great amount of research has been carried out to explore the clinical advantages of hUCMSCs as seed cells to promote osteogenesis.However, the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of hUCMSCs is an extremely complex process. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated that the role of hUCMSCs in enhancing local bone regeneration and repair through osteogenic differentiation and transplantation into the body involves multiple signaling pathways, there is no relevant article that summarize the findings. This article discusses the osteogenesis-related regulatory mechanisms of hUCMSCs, summarizes the currently known related mechanisms, and speculates on the possible signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Hu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Jiang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Shengzi Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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15
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Loureiro J, Miguel SP, Galván-Chacón V, Patrocinio D, Pagador JB, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Ribeiro MP, Coutinho P. Three-Dimensionally Printed Hydrogel Cardiac Patch for Infarct Regeneration Based on Natural Polysaccharides. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2824. [PMID: 37447470 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is one of the more common cardiovascular diseases, and remains the leading cause of death, globally. Hydrogels (namely, those using natural polymers) provide a reliable tool for regenerative medicine and have become a promising option for cardiac tissue regeneration due to their hydrophilic character and their structural similarity to the extracellular matrix. Herein, a functional ink based on the natural polysaccharides Gellan gum and Konjac glucomannan has, for the first time, been applied in the production of a 3D printed hydrogel with therapeutic potential, with the goal of being locally implanted in the infarcted area of the heart. Overall, results revealed the excellent printability of the bioink for the development of a stable, porous, biocompatible, and bioactive 3D hydrogel, combining the specific advantages of Gellan gum and Konjac glucomannan with proper mechanical properties, which supports the simplification of the implantation process. In addition, the structure have positive effects on endothelial cells' proliferation and migration that can promote the repair of injured cardiac tissue. The results presented will pave the way for simple, low-cost, and efficient cardiac tissue regeneration using a 3D printed hydrogel cardiac patch with potential for clinical application for myocardial infarction treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Loureiro
- CPIRN-IPG-Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Sónia P Miguel
- CPIRN-IPG-Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | - David Patrocinio
- Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
| | - José Blas Pagador
- Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
- TERAV/ISCIII-Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisco M Sánchez-Margallo
- Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
- TERAV/ISCIII-Red Española de Terapias Avanzadas, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
- CIBER CV-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maximiano P Ribeiro
- CPIRN-IPG-Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Paula Coutinho
- CPIRN-IPG-Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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16
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Song X, Zhang J, Shen S, Liu D, Zhang J, Yin W, Ye G, Wang L, Cai L, Hou H, Qiu X. Cardiac-Adaptive Conductive Hydrogel Patch Enabling Construction of Mechanical-Electrical Anisotropic Microenvironment for Heart Repair. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0161. [PMID: 37303598 PMCID: PMC10250027 DOI: 10.34133/research.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The biomimetic construction of a microstructural-mechanical-electrical anisotropic microenvironment adaptive to the native cardiac tissue is essential to repair myocardial infarction (MI). Inspired by the 3D anisotropic characteristic of the natural fish swim bladder (FSB), a novel flexible, anisotropic, and conductive hydrogel was developed for tissue-specific adaptation to the anisotropic structural, conductive, and mechanical features of the native cardiac extracellular matrix. The results revealed that the originally stiff, homogeneous FSB film was tailored to a highly flexible anisotropic hydrogel, enabling its potential as a functional engineered cardiac patch (ECP). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the enhanced electrophysiological activity, maturation, elongation, and orientation of cardiomyocytes (CMs), and marked MI repair performance with reduced CM apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis, thereby promoting cell retention, myogenesis, and vascularization, as well as improving electrical integration. Our findings offer a potential strategy for functional ECP and provides a novel strategy to bionically simulate the complex cardiac repair environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Song
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital,
Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510910, China
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience Laboratory for Cognitive and Developmental Disorders, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Si Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science; Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science; Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science; Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wenming Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science; Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Genlan Ye
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital,
Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510910, China
| | - Leyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science; Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Liu Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science; Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Honghao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science; Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital,
Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510910, China
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17
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Nam JH, Almansoori AA, Kwon OJ, Seo YK, Kim B, Kim YK, Lee JH, Pang K. Sinus augmentation with poly(ε)caprolactone-β tricalcium phosphate scaffolds, mesenchymal stem cells and platelet rich plasma for one-stage dental implantation in minipigs. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2023; 53:53.e16. [PMID: 37336521 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2300660033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the efficacy of a tube-shaped poly(ε) caprolactone - β tricalcium phosphate (PCL-TCP) scaffold with the incorporation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for bone regeneration in the procedure of single-stage sinus augmentation and dental implantation in minipigs. METHODS Implants were placed in the bilateral sides of the maxillary sinuses of 5 minipigs and allocated to a PCL-TCP+hUCMSCs+PRP group (n=5), a PCL-TCP+PRP group (n=5), and a PCL-TCP-only group (n=6). After 12 weeks, bone regeneration was evaluated with soft X-rays, micro-computed tomography, fluorescence microscopy, and histomorphometric analysis. RESULTS Four implants failed (2 each in the PCL-TCP+hUCMSCs+PRP and PCL-TCP+hUCMSC groups). An analysis of the grayscale levels and bone-implant contact ratio showed significantly higher mean values in the PCL-TCP+hUCMSCs+PRP than in the PCL-TCP group (P=0.045 and P=0.016, respectively). In fluoromicroscopic images, new bone formation around the outer surfaces of the scaffolds was observed in the PCL-TCP+hUCMSCs+PRP group, suggesting a tenting effect of the specially designed scaffolds. Bone regeneration at the scaffold-implant interfaces was observed in all 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS Using a tube-shaped, honeycombed PCL-TCP scaffold with hUCMSCs and PRP may serve to enhance bone formation and dental implants' osseointegration in the procedure of simultaneous sinus lifting and dental implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Nam
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Akram Abdo Almansoori
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Innovation Research & Support Center for Dental Science, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Oh-Jun Kwon
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dongkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bongju Kim
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Innovation Research & Support Center for Dental Science, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Kyun Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Innovation Research & Support Center for Dental Science, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Oral Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, Ilsan, Korea
| | - KangMi Pang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Gwanak Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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18
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Williams DF. The plasticity of biocompatibility. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122077. [PMID: 36907003 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatibility concerns the phenomena that occur within the interactions between biomaterials and human patients, which ultimately control the performance of many facets of medical technology. It involves aspects of materials science, many different forms of engineering and nanotechnology, chemistry, biophysics, molecular and cellular biology, immunology, pathology and a myriad of clinical applications. It is not surprising that an overarching framework of mechanisms of biocompatibility has been difficult to elucidate and validate. This essay discusses one fundamental reason for this; we have tended to consider biocompatibility pathways as essentially linear sequences of events which follow well-understood processes of materials science and biology. The reality, however, is that the pathways may involve a great deal of plasticity, in which many additional idiosyncratic factors, including those of genetic, epigenetic and viral origin, exert influence, as do complex mechanical, physical and pharmacological variables. Plasticity is an inherent core feature of the performance of synthetic materials; here we follow the more recent biological applications of plasticity concepts into the sphere of biocompatibility pathways. A straightforward linear pathway may result in successful outcomes for many patients; we may describe this in terms of classic biocompatibility pathways. In other situations, which usually command much more attention because of their unsuccessful outcomes, these plasticity-driven processes follow alternative biocompatibility pathways; often, the variability in outcomes with identical technologies is due to biological plasticity rather than material or device deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Williams
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
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19
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Wu P, Asada H, Hakamada M, Mabuchi M. Bioengineering of High Cell Density Tissues with Hierarchical Vascular Networks for Ex Vivo Whole Organs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209149. [PMID: 36545785 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of tissue-like structures such as cell sheets, spheroids, and organoids has contributed to progress in regenerative medicine. Simultaneous achievement of scale up and high cell density of these tissues is challenging because sufficient oxygen cannot be supplied to the inside of large, high cell density tissues. Here, in vitro fabrication of vessels to supply oxygen to the inside of millimeter-sized scaffold-free tissues whose cell density is ≈200 million cells mL-1 , corresponding to those of native tissues, is shown. Hierarchical vascular networks by anastomosis of capillaries and a large vessel are essential for oxygen supply, whereas a large vessel or capillary networks alone make negligible contributions to the supply. The hierarchical vascular networks are formed by a top-down approach, which offers a new option for ex vivo whole organs without decellularization and 3D-bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizheng Wu
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Asada
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masataka Hakamada
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mamoru Mabuchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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20
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Chen Z, Cheng Q, Wang L, Mo Y, Li K, Mo J. Optical coherence tomography for in vivo longitudinal monitoring of artificial dermal scaffold. Lasers Surg Med 2023; 55:316-326. [PMID: 36806261 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Artificial dermal scaffold (ADS) has undergone rapid development and been increasingly used for treating skin wound in clinics due to its good biocompatibility, controllable degradation, and low risk of disease infection. To obtain good treatment efficacy, ADS needs to be monitored longitudinally during the treatment process. For example, scaffold-tissue fit, cell in-growth, vascular regeneration, and scaffold degradation are the key properties to be inspected. However, to date, there are no effective, real-time, and noninvasive techniques to meet the requirement of the scaffold monitoring above. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we propose to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to monitor ADS in vivo through three-dimensional imaging. A swept source OCT system with a handheld probe was developed for in vivo skin imaging. Moreover, a cell in-growth, vascular regeneration, and scaffold degradation rate (IRDR) was defined with the volume reduction rate of the scaffold's collagen sponge layer. To measure the IRDR, a semiautomatic image segmentation algorithm was designed based on U-Net to segment the collagen sponge layer of the scaffold from OCT images. RESULTS The results show that the scaffold-tissue fit can be clearly visualized under OCT imaging. The IRDR can be computed based on the volume of the segmented collagen sponge layer. It is observed that the IRDR appeared to a linear function of the time and in addition, the IRDR varied among different skin parts. CONCLUSION Overall, it can be concluded that OCT has a good potential to monitor ADS in vivo. This can help guide the clinicians to control the treatment with ADS to improve the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Chen
- Department of Electronic Information, Engineering School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Department of Electronic Information, Engineering School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Mo
- Department of Electronic Information, Engineering School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mo
- Department of Electronic Information, Engineering School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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21
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Cao UMN, Zhang Y, Chen J, Sayson D, Pillai S, Tran SD. Microfluidic Organ-on-A-chip: A Guide to Biomaterial Choice and Fabrication. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043232. [PMID: 36834645 PMCID: PMC9966054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ-on-A-chip (OoAC) devices are miniaturized, functional, in vitro constructs that aim to recapitulate the in vivo physiology of an organ using different cell types and extracellular matrix, while maintaining the chemical and mechanical properties of the surrounding microenvironments. From an end-point perspective, the success of a microfluidic OoAC relies mainly on the type of biomaterial and the fabrication strategy employed. Certain biomaterials, such as PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), are preferred over others due to their ease of fabrication and proven success in modelling complex organ systems. However, the inherent nature of human microtissues to respond differently to surrounding stimulations has led to the combination of biomaterials ranging from simple PDMS chips to 3D-printed polymers coated with natural and synthetic materials, including hydrogels. In addition, recent advances in 3D printing and bioprinting techniques have led to the powerful combination of utilizing these materials to develop microfluidic OoAC devices. In this narrative review, we evaluate the different materials used to fabricate microfluidic OoAC devices while outlining their pros and cons in different organ systems. A note on combining the advances made in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for the microfabrication of these complex systems is also discussed.
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22
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Hedvičáková V, Žižková R, Buzgo M, Vištejnová L, Klein P, Hovořáková M, Bartoš M, Steklíková K, Luňáčková J, Šebová E, Paurová I, Rysová M, Filová E, Rampichová M. The Gradual Release of Alendronate for the Treatment of Critical Bone Defects in Osteoporotic and Control Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:541-560. [PMID: 36756052 PMCID: PMC9901358 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s386784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteoporosis is a severe health problem with social and economic impacts on society. The standard treatment consists of the systemic administration of drugs such as bisphosphonates, with alendronate (ALN) being one of the most common. Nevertheless, complications of systemic administration occur with this drug. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new strategies, such as local administration. Methods In this study, emulsion/dispersion scaffolds based on W/O emulsion of PCL and PF68 with ALN, containing hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles as the dispersion phase were prepared using electrospinning. Scaffolds with different release kinetics were tested in vitro on the co-cultures of osteoblasts and osteoclast-like cells, isolated from adult osteoporotic and control rats. Cell viability, proliferation, ALP, TRAP and CA II activity were examined. A scaffold with a gradual release of ALN was tested in vivo in the bone defects of osteoporotic and control rats. Results The release kinetics were dependent on the scaffold composition and the used system of the poloxamers. The ALN was released from the scaffolds for more than 22 days. The behavior of cells cultured in vitro on scaffolds with different release kinetics was comparable. The difference was evident between cell co-cultures isolated from osteoporotic and control animals. The PCL/HA scaffold show slow degradation in vivo and residual scaffold limited new bone formation inside the defects. Nevertheless, the released ALN supported bone formation in the areas surrounding the residual scaffold. Interestingly, a positive effect of systemic administration of ALN was not proved. Conclusion The prepared scaffolds enabled tunable control release of ALN. The effect of ALN was proved in vitro and in in vivo study supported peri-implant bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Věra Hedvičáková
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radmila Žižková
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Buzgo
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic,BIOFABICS Lda, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucie Vištejnová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Klein
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic,Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Hovořáková
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bartoš
- Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic,Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Steklíková
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Luňáčková
- Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Šebová
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Paurová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Rysová
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Filová
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michala Rampichová
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic,Correspondence: Michala Rampichová, Department of Tissue engineering, Institute of Experimental Medicine, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague, 14220, Czech Republic, Tel +420 241 062 692, Email
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23
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Lin M, Hu Y, An H, Guo T, Gao Y, Peng K, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zhou H. Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for disc tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:749-776. [PMID: 36537344 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01343f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain is the major cause of disability worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the most important causes of low back pain. Currently, there is no method to treat IVDD that can reverse or regenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue, but the recent development of disc tissue engineering (DTE) offers a new means of addressing these disadvantages. Among numerous biomaterials for tissue engineering, silk fibroin (SF) is widely used due to its easy availability and excellent physical/chemical properties. SF is usually used in combination with other materials to construct biological scaffolds or bioactive substance delivery systems, or it can be used alone. The present article first briefly outlines the anatomical and physiological features of IVD, the associated etiology and current treatment modalities of IVDD, and the current status of DTE. Then, it highlights the characteristics of SF biomaterials and their latest research advances in DTE and discusses the prospects and challenges in the application of SF in DTE, with a view to facilitating the clinical process of developing interventions related to IVD-derived low back pain caused by IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoqiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yicun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Haiying An
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Taowen Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Yanbing Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Kaichen Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Disease Research of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
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24
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Klabukov I, Balyasin M, Krasilnikova O, Tenchurin T, Titov A, Krasheninnikov M, Mudryak D, Sulina Y, Shepelev A, Chvalun S, Dyuzheva T, Yakimova A, Sosin D, Lyundup A, Baranovskii D, Shegay P, Kaprin A. Angiogenic Modification of Microfibrous Polycaprolactone by pCMV-VEGF165 Plasmid Promotes Local Vascular Growth after Implantation in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021399. [PMID: 36674913 PMCID: PMC9865169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insufficient vascular growth in the area of artificial-material implantation contributes to ischemia, fibrosis, the development of bacterial infections, and tissue necrosis around the graft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate angiogenesis after implantation of polycaprolactone microfiber scaffolds modified by a pCMV-VEGF165-plasmid in rats. Influence of vascularization on scaffold degradation was also examined. We investigated flat microfibrous scaffolds obtained by electrospinning polycaprolactone with incorporation of the pCMV-VEGF-165 plasmid into the microfibers at concentrations of 0.005 ng of plasmid per 1 mg of polycaprolactone (0.005 ng/mg) (LCGroup) and 0.05 ng/mg (HCGroup). The samples were subcutaneously implanted in the interscapular area of rats. On days 7, 16, 33, 46, and 64, the scaffolds were removed, and a histological study with a morphometric evaluation of the density and diameter of the vessels and microfiber diameter was performed. The number of vessels was increased in all groups, as well as the resorption of the scaffold. On day 33, the vascular density in the HCGroup was 42% higher compared to the control group (p = 0.0344). The dose-dependent effect of the pCMV-VEGF165-plasmid was confirmed by enhanced angiogenesis in the HCGroup compared to the LCGroup on day 33 (p-value = 0.0259). We did not find a statistically significant correlation between scaffold degradation rate and vessel growth (the Pearson correlation coefficient was ρ = 0.20, p-value = 0.6134). Functionalization of polycaprolactone by incorporation of the pCMV-VEGF165 plasmid provided improved vascularization within 33 days after implantation, however, vessel growth did not seem to correlate with scaffold degradation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Klabukov
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Center, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
- Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Obninsk, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Maksim Balyasin
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Krasilnikova
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Center, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Timur Tenchurin
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Titov
- City Clinical Hospital No. 67 of Moscow Health Department, 2/44, Salyama Adilya St., 123423 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Krasheninnikov
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, Russian Technological University MIREA, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil Mudryak
- City Clinical Hospital No. 67 of Moscow Health Department, 2/44, Salyama Adilya St., 123423 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Hospital Surgery, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yana Sulina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Shepelev
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Chvalun
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova pl., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Dyuzheva
- Department of Hospital Surgery, Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Yakimova
- A. Tsyb Medical Research Radiological Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Koroleva St. 4, 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry Sosin
- Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, 125371 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Lyundup
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Baranovskii
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
- A. Tsyb Medical Research Radiological Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Koroleva St. 4, 249036 Obninsk, Russia
| | - Peter Shegay
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Center, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kaprin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Radiological Center, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia
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25
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Śmiga-Matuszowicz M, Włodarczyk J, Skorupa M, Czerwińska-Główka D, Fołta K, Pastusiak M, Adamiec-Organiściok M, Skonieczna M, Turczyn R, Sobota M, Krukiewicz K. Biodegradable Scaffolds for Vascular Regeneration Based on Electrospun Poly(L-Lactide- co-Glycolide)/Poly(Isosorbide Sebacate) Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021190. [PMID: 36674709 PMCID: PMC9866311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular regeneration is a complex process, additionally limited by the low regeneration potential of blood vessels. Hence, current research is focused on the design of artificial materials that combine biocompatibility with a certain rate of biodegradability and mechanical robustness. In this paper, we have introduced a scaffold material made of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/poly(isosorbide sebacate) (PLGA/PISEB) fibers fabricated in the course of an electrospinning process, and confirmed its biocompatibility towards human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The resulting material was characterized by a bimodal distribution of fiber diameters, with the median of 1.25 µm and 4.75 µm. Genotyping of HUVEC cells collected after 48 h of incubations on the surface of PLGA/PISEB scaffolds showed a potentially pro-angiogenic expression profile, as well as anti-inflammatory effects of this material. Over the course of a 12-week-long hydrolytic degradation process, PLGA/PISEB fibers were found to swell and disintegrate, resulting in the formation of highly developed structures resembling seaweeds. It is expected that the change in the scaffold structure should have a positive effect on blood vessel regeneration, by allowing cells to penetrate the scaffold and grow within a 3D structure of PLGA/PISEB, as well as stabilizing newly-formed endothelium during hydrolytic expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Śmiga-Matuszowicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Science, M. Curie-Sklodowska St. 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Skorupa
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Dominika Czerwińska-Główka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kaja Fołta
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pastusiak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Science, M. Curie-Sklodowska St. 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Adamiec-Organiściok
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Roman Turczyn
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, S. Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Michał Sobota
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Science, M. Curie-Sklodowska St. 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Krukiewicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, S. Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-237-1773
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26
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Impact of In Vitro Degradation on the Properties of Samples Produced by Additive Production from PLA/PHB-Based Material and Ceramics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245441. [PMID: 36559807 PMCID: PMC9783706 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study deals with preparing a polymer-based material with incorporated ceramics and monitoring changes in properties after in vitro natural degradation. The developed material is a mixture of polymers of polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate in a ratio of 85:15. Ceramic was incorporated into the prepared material, namely 10% hydroxyapatite and 10% tricalcium phosphate of the total volume. The material was processed into a filament form, and types of solid and porous samples were prepared using additive technology. These samples were immersed in three different solutions: physiological solution, phosphate-buffered saline, and Hanks' solution. Under constant laboratory conditions, changes in solution pH, material absorption, weight loss, changes in mechanical properties, and surface morphology were monitored for 170 days. The average value of the absorption of the solid sample was 7.07%, and the absorption of the porous samples was recorded at 8.33%, which means a difference of 1.26%. The least change in pH from the reference value of 7.4 was noted with the phosphate-buffered saline solution. Computed tomography was used to determine the cross-section of the samples. The obtained data were used to calculate the mechanical properties of materials after degradation. The elasticity modulus for both the full and porous samples degraded in Hanks' solution (524.53 ± 13.4 MPa) has the smallest deviation from the non-degraded reference sample (536.21 ± 22.69 MPa).
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27
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Production of 3D Printed Bi-Layer and Tri-Layer Sandwich Scaffolds with Polycaprolactone and Poly (vinyl alcohol)-Metformin towards Diabetic Wound Healing. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235306. [PMID: 36501700 PMCID: PMC9736052 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by impaired insulin secretion, sensitivity, and hyperglycemia. Diabetic wounds are one of the significant complications of T2DM owing to its difficulty in normal healing, resulting in chronic wounds. In the present work, PCL/PVA, PCL/PVA/PCL, and metformin-loaded, PCL/PVA-Met and PCL/PVA-Met/PCL hybrid scaffolds with different designs were fabricated using 3D printing. The porosity and morphological analysis of 3D-printed scaffolds were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The scaffolds' average pore sizes were between 63.6 ± 4.0 and 112.9 ± 3.0 μm. Molecular and chemical interactions between polymers and the drug were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical, thermal, and degradation analysis of the scaffolds were undertaken to investigate the physico-chemical characteristics of the scaffolds. Owing to the structure, PCL/PVA/PCL sandwich scaffolds had lower degradation rates than the bi-layer scaffolds. The drug release of the metformin-loaded scaffolds was evaluated with UV spectrometry, and the biocompatibility of the scaffolds on fibroblast cells was determined by cell culture analysis. The drug release in the PCL/PVA-Met scaffold was sustained till six days, whereas in the PCL/PVA-Met/PCL, it continued for 31 days. In the study of drug release kinetics, PCL/PVA-Met and PCL/PVA-Met/PCL scaffolds showed the highest correlation coefficients (R2) values for the first-order release model at 0.8735 and 0.889, respectively. Since the layered structures in the literature are mainly obtained with the electrospun fiber structures, these biocompatible sandwich scaffolds, produced for the first time with 3D-printing technology, may offer an alternative to existing drug delivery systems and may be a promising candidate for enhancing diabetic wound healing.
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28
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Calder D, Fathi A, Oveissi F, Maleknia S, Abrams T, Wang Y, Maitz J, Tsai KHY, Maitz P, Chrzanowski W, Canoy I, Menon VA, Lee K, Ahern BJ, Lean NE, Silva DM, Young PM, Traini D, Ong HX, Mahmoud RS, Montazerian H, Khademhosseini A, Dehghani F, Dehghani F. Thermoresponsive and Injectable Hydrogel for Tissue Agnostic Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201714. [PMID: 36148581 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels can support the body's innate healing capability by providing a temporary matrix for host cell ingrowth and neovascularization. The clinical adoption of current injectable systems remains low due to their cumbersome preparation requirements, device malfunction, product dislodgment during administration, and uncontrolled biological responses at the treatment site. To address these challenges, a fully synthetic and ready-to-use injectable biomaterial is engineered that forms an adhesive hydrogel that remains at the administration site regardless of defect anatomy. The product elicits a negligible local inflammatory response and fully resorbs into nontoxic components with minimal impact on internal organs. Preclinical animal studies confirm that the engineered hydrogel upregulates the regeneration of both soft and hard tissues by providing a temporary matrix to support host cell ingrowth and neovascularization. In a pilot clinical trial, the engineered hydrogel is successfully administered to a socket site post tooth extraction and forms adhesive hydrogel that stabilizes blood clot and supports soft and hard tissue regeneration. Accordingly, this injectable hydrogel exhibits high therapeutic potential and can be adopted to address multiple unmet needs in different clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dax Calder
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ali Fathi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Tetratherix, Sydney, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - Farshad Oveissi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | | | | | - Yiwei Wang
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Joanneke Maitz
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Kevin Hung-Yueh Tsai
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Peter Maitz
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Wojtek Chrzanowski
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ivan Canoy
- Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Vivek Ashoka Menon
- Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Ahern
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Natasha E Lean
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dina M Silva
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Paul M Young
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | | | - Hossein Montazerian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Brito J, Andrianov AK, Sukhishvili SA. Factors Controlling Degradation of Biologically Relevant Synthetic Polymers in Solution and Solid State. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5057-5076. [PMID: 36206552 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The field of biodegradable synthetic polymers, which is central for regenerative engineering and drug delivery applications, encompasses a multitude of hydrolytically sensitive macromolecular structures and diverse processing approaches. The ideal degradation behavior for a specific life science application must comply with a set of requirements, which include a clinically relevant kinetic profile, adequate biocompatibility, benign degradation products, and controlled structural evolution. Although significant advances have been made in tailoring materials characteristics to satisfy these requirements, the impacts of autocatalytic reactions and microenvironments are often overlooked resulting in uncontrollable and unpredictable outcomes. Therefore, roles of surface versus bulk erosion, in situ microenvironment, and autocatalytic mechanisms should be understood to enable rational design of degradable systems. In an attempt to individually evaluate the physical state and form factors influencing autocatalytic hydrolysis of degradable polymers, this Review follows a hierarchical analysis that starts with hydrolytic degradation of water-soluble polymers before building up to 2D-like materials, such as ultrathin coatings and capsules, and then to solid-state degradation. We argue that chemical reactivity largely governs solution degradation while diffusivity and geometry control the degradation of bulk materials, with thin "2D" materials remaining largely unexplored. Following this classification, this Review explores techniques to analyze degradation in vitro and in vivo and summarizes recent advances toward understanding degradation behavior for traditional and innovative polymer systems. Finally, we highlight challenges encountered in analytical methodology and standardization of results and provide perspective on the future trends in the development of biodegradable polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Brito
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - Alexander K Andrianov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - Svetlana A Sukhishvili
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843, United States
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A Macroporous Cryogel with Enhanced Mechanical Properties for Osteochondral Regeneration In vivo. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2835-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bahuon F, Darcos V, Patel S, Marin Z, Coudane J, Schwach G, Nottelet B. Polyester-Polydopamine Copolymers for Intravitreal Drug Delivery: Role of Polydopamine Drug-Binding Properties in Extending Drug Release. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4388-4400. [PMID: 36170117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on a novel polyester copolymer containing poly(dopamine), a synthetic analogue of natural melanin, evaluated in a sustained-release drug delivery system for ocular intravitreal administration of drugs. More specifically, a graft copolymer of poly(ε-caprolactone)-graft-poly(dopamine) (PCL-g-PDA) has been synthesized and was shown to further extend the drug release benefits of state-of-the-art biodegradable intravitreal implants composed of poly(lactide) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide). The innovative biomaterial combines the documented drug-binding properties of melanin naturally present in the eye, with the established ocular tolerability and biodegradation of polyester implants. The PCL-g-PDA copolymer was obtained by a two-step modification of PCL with a final PDA content of around 2-3 wt % and was fully characterized by size exclusion chromatography, NMR, and diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy. The thermoplastic nature of PCL-g-PDA allowed its simple processing by hot-melt compression molding to prepare small implants. The properties of unmodified PCL and PCL-g-PDA implants were studied and compared in terms of thermal properties (differential scanning calorimetry), thermal stability (thermogravimetry analysis), degradability, and in vitro cytotoxicity. PCL and PCL-g-PDA implants exhibited similar degradation properties in vitro and were both stable under physiological conditions over 110 days. Likewise, both materials were non-cytotoxic toward L929 and ARPE-19 cells. The drug loading and in vitro release properties of the new materials were investigated with dexamethasone (DEX) and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP) as representative drugs featuring low and high melanin-binding affinities, respectively. In comparison to unmodified PCL, PCL-g-PDA implants showed a significant extension of drug release, most likely because of specific drug-catechol interaction with the PDA moieties of the copolymer. The present study confirms the advantages of designing PDA-containing polyesters as a class of biodegradable and biocompatible thermoplastics that can modulate and remarkably extend the drug release kinetics thanks to their unique drug-binding properties, especially, but not limited to, for ocular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Bahuon
- IBMM (UMR5247), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Vincent Darcos
- IBMM (UMR5247), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Sulabh Patel
- Pharmaceutical Development, PTD Biologics Europe, F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Zana Marin
- Pharmaceutical Development, PTD Biologics Europe, F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Jean Coudane
- IBMM (UMR5247), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Grégoire Schwach
- Pharmaceutical Development, PTD Biologics Europe, F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel 4070, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Nottelet
- IBMM (UMR5247), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34095, France
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Esmaeili J, Barati A, Charelli LE. Discussing the final size and shape of the reconstructed tissues in tissue engineering. J Artif Organs 2022:10.1007/s10047-022-01360-1. [PMID: 36125581 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-022-01360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) has made a revolution in repairing, replacing, or regenerating tissues or organs, but it has still a long way ahead. The mechanical properties along with suitable physicochemical and biological characteristics are the initial criteria for scaffolds in TE that should be fulfilled. This research will provide another point of view toward TE challenges concerning the morphological and geometrical aspects of the reconstructed tissue and which parameters may affect it. Based on our survey, there is a high possibility that the final reconstructed tissue may be different in size and shape compared to the original design scaffold. Thereby, the 3D-printed scaffold might not guarantee an accurate tissue reconstruction. The main justification for this is the unpredicted behavior of cells, specifically in the outer layer of the scaffold. It can also be a concern when the scaffold is implanted while cell migration cannot be controlled through the in vivo signaling pathways, which might cause cancer challenges. To sum up, it is concluded that more studies are necessary to focus on the size and geometry of the final reconstructed tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-88349, Iran.,Tissue Engineering Department, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran, Iran
| | - Aboulfazl Barati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, 38156-88349, Iran.
| | - Letícia Emiliano Charelli
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ayran M, Dirican AY, Saatcioglu E, Ulag S, Sahin A, Aksu B, Croitoru AM, Ficai D, Gunduz O, Ficai A. 3D-Printed PCL Scaffolds Combined with Juglone for Skin Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090427. [PMID: 36134974 PMCID: PMC9495790 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin diseases are commonly treated with antihistamines, antibiotics, laser therapy, topical medications, local vitamins, or steroids. Since conventional treatments for wound healing (skin allografts, amnion, xenografts, etc.) have disadvantages such as antigenicity of the donor tissue, risk of infection, or lack of basement membrane, skin tissue engineering has become a popular new approach. The current study presents the design and fabrication of a new wound-dressing material by the addition of Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) to a 25% Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold. Juglone (J) is a significant allelochemical found in walnut trees and, in this study is used as a bioactive material. The effects of different amounts of J (1.25, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 mg) on the biocompatibility, mechanical, chemical, thermal, morphological, and antimicrobial properties of the 3D-printed 25% PCL scaffolds were investigated. The addition of J increased the pore diameter of the 25% PCL scaffold. The maximum pore size (290.72 ± 14 µm) was observed for the highest amount of J (10 mg). The biocompatibility tests on the scaffolds demonstrated biocompatible behavior from the first day of incubation, the 25% PCL/7.5 J scaffold having the highest viability value (118%) among all of the J-loaded scaffolds. Drug release of J into phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4 showed that J was completely released from all 25% PCL/J scaffolds within 7 days of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Ayran
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Akif Yahya Dirican
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Elif Saatcioglu
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Songul Ulag
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Ali Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Burak Aksu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Alexa-Maria Croitoru
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Micro- and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Micro- and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
- Correspondence: (O.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Anton Ficai
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Micro- and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- National Centre for Food Safety, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street 3, 50044 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (O.G.); (A.F.)
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Laubach M, Kobbe P, Hutmacher DW. Biodegradable interbody cages for lumbar spine fusion: Current concepts and future directions. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121699. [PMID: 35995620 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lumbar fusion often remains the last treatment option for various acute and chronic spinal conditions, including infectious and degenerative diseases. Placement of a cage in the intervertebral space has become a routine clinical treatment for spinal fusion surgery to provide sufficient biomechanical stability, which is required to achieve bony ingrowth of the implant. Routinely used cages for clinical application are made of titanium (Ti) or polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Ti has been used since the 1980s; however, its shortcomings, such as impaired radiographical opacity and higher elastic modulus compared to bone, have led to the development of PEEK cages, which are associated with reduced stress shielding as well as no radiographical artefacts. Since PEEK is bioinert, its osteointegration capacity is limited, which in turn enhances fibrotic tissue formation and peri-implant infections. To address shortcomings of both of these biomaterials, interdisciplinary teams have developed biodegradable cages. Rooted in promising preclinical large animal studies, a hollow cylindrical cage (Hydrosorb™) made of 70:30 poly-l-lactide-co-d, l-lactide acid (PLDLLA) was clinically studied. However, reduced bony integration and unfavourable long-term clinical outcomes prohibited its routine clinical application. More recently, scaffold-guided bone regeneration (SGBR) with application of highly porous biodegradable constructs is emerging. Advancements in additive manufacturing technology now allow the cage designs that match requirements, such as stiffness of surrounding tissues, while providing long-term biomechanical stability. A favourable clinical outcome has been observed in the treatment of various bone defects, particularly for 3D-printed composite scaffolds made of medical-grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) in combination with a ceramic filler material. Therefore, advanced cage design made of mPCL and ceramic may also carry initial high spinal forces up to the time of bony fusion and subsequently resorb without clinical side effects. Furthermore, surface modification of implants is an effective approach to simultaneously reduce microbial infection and improve tissue integration. We present a design concept for a scaffold surface which result in osteoconductive and antimicrobial properties that have the potential to achieve higher rates of fusion and less clinical complications. In this review, we explore the preclinical and clinical studies which used bioresorbable cages. Furthermore, we critically discuss the need for a cutting-edge research program that includes comprehensive preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies to enable successful translation from bench to bedside. We develop such a conceptual framework by examining the state-of-the-art literature and posing the questions that will guide this field in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Laubach
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000 Australia; Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Philipp Kobbe
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000 Australia; Australian Research Council (ARC) Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling, and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Max Planck Queensland Center for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
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Biodegradable magnesium barrier membrane used for guided bone regeneration in dental surgery. Bioact Mater 2022; 14:152-168. [PMID: 35310351 PMCID: PMC8892166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrier membranes are commonly used as part of the dental surgical technique guided bone regeneration (GBR) and are often made of resorbable collagen or non-resorbable materials such as PTFE. While collagen membranes do not provide sufficient mechanical protection of the covered bone defect, titanium reinforced membranes and non-resorbable membranes need to be removed in a second surgery. Thus, biodegradable GBR membranes made of pure magnesium might be an alternative. In this study a biodegradable pure magnesium (99.95%) membrane has been proven to have all of the necessary requirements for an optimal regenerative outcome from both a mechanical and biological perspective. After implantation, the magnesium membrane separates the regenerating bone from the overlying, faster proliferating soft tissue. During the initial healing period, the membrane maintained a barrier function and space provision, whilst retaining the positioning of the bone graft material within the defect space. As the magnesium metal corroded, it formed a salty corrosion layer and local gas cavities, both of which extended the functional lifespan of the membrane barrier capabilities. During the resorption of the magnesium metal and magnesium salts, it was observed that the membrane became surrounded and then replaced by new bone. After the membrane had completely resorbed, only healthy tissue remained. The in vivo performance study demonstrated that the magnesium membrane has a comparable healing response and tissue regeneration to that of a resorbable collagen membrane. Overall, the magnesium membrane demonstrated all of the ideal qualities for a barrier membrane used in GBR treatment. First report on a biodegradable metallic barrier membrane for use in oral surgery is presented. The mechanical stability of the metallic barrier membrane provides a careful shielding of the augmented bone defect. Full resorption of metallic barrier membrane and bone healing is completed long before current standards for second surgical patient treatment.
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An R, Strissel PL, Al-Abboodi M, Robering JW, Supachai R, Eckstein M, Peddi A, Hauck T, Bäuerle T, Boccaccini AR, Youssef A, Sun J, Strick R, Horch RE, Boos AM, Kengelbach-Weigand A. An Innovative Arteriovenous (AV) Loop Breast Cancer Model Tailored for Cancer Research. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9070280. [PMID: 35877331 PMCID: PMC9311974 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9070280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models are important tools to investigate the pathogenesis and develop treatment strategies for breast cancer in humans. In this study, we developed a new three-dimensional in vivo arteriovenous loop model of human breast cancer with the aid of biodegradable materials, including fibrin, alginate, and polycaprolactone. We examined the in vivo effects of various matrices on the growth of breast cancer cells by imaging and immunohistochemistry evaluation. Our findings clearly demonstrate that vascularized breast cancer microtissues could be engineered and recapitulate the in vivo situation and tumor-stromal interaction within an isolated environment in an in vivo organism. Alginate–fibrin hybrid matrices were considered as a highly powerful material for breast tumor engineering based on its stability and biocompatibility. We propose that the novel tumor model may not only serve as an invaluable platform for analyzing and understanding the molecular mechanisms and pattern of oncologic diseases, but also be tailored for individual therapy via transplantation of breast cancer patient-derived tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Pamela L. Strissel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.L.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Majida Al-Abboodi
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10081, Iraq
| | - Jan W. Robering
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Reakasame Supachai
- Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91056 Erlangen, Germany; (R.S.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Ajay Peddi
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Theresa Hauck
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Preclinical Imaging Platform Erlangen (PIPE), Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91056 Erlangen, Germany; (R.S.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Almoatazbellah Youssef
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Reiner Strick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (P.L.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Raymund E. Horch
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Anja M. Boos
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Plastic- and Hand Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Annika Kengelbach-Weigand
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.A.); (M.A.-A.); (J.W.R.); (A.P.); (T.H.); (R.E.H.); (A.M.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Grivet-Brancot A, Boffito M, Ciardelli G. Use of Polyesters in Fused Deposition Modeling for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200039. [PMID: 35488769 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, 3D printing techniques experienced a growing interest in several sectors, including the biomedical one. Their main advantage resides in the possibility to obtain complex and personalized structures in a cost-effective way impossible to achieve with traditional production methods. This is especially true for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), one of the most diffused 3D printing methods. The easy customization of the final products' geometry, composition and physico-chemical properties is particularly interesting for the increasingly personalized approach adopted in modern medicine. Thermoplastic polymers are the preferred choice for FDM applications, and a wide selection of biocompatible and biodegradable materials is available to this aim. Moreover, these polymers can also be easily modified before and after printing to better suit the body environment and the mechanical properties of biological tissues. This review focuses on the use of thermoplastic aliphatic polyesters for FDM applications in the biomedical field. In detail, the use of poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(lactic acid), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s, thermo-plastic poly(ester urethane)s and their blends has been thoroughly surveyed, with particular attention to their main features, applicability and workability. The state-of-the-art is presented and current challenges in integrating the additive manufacturing technology in the medical practice are discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Grivet-Brancot
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Università di Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Monica Boffito
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
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Safina I, Embree MC. Biomaterials for recruiting and activating endogenous stem cells in situ tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2022; 143:26-38. [PMID: 35292413 PMCID: PMC9035107 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades in situ tissue engineering has emerged as a new approach where biomaterials are used to harness the body's own stem/progenitor cells to regenerate diseased or injured tissue. Immunomodulatory biomaterials are designed to promote a regenerative environment, recruit resident stem cells to diseased or injured tissue sites, and direct them towards tissue regeneration. This review explores advances gathered from in vitro and in vivo studies on in situ tissue regenerative therapies. Here we also examine the different ways this approach has been incorporated into biomaterial sciences in order to create customized biomaterial products for therapeutic applications in a broad spectrum of tissues and diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomaterials can be designed to recruit stem cells and coordinate their behavior and function towards the restoration or replacement of damaged or diseased tissues in a process known as in situ tissue regeneration. Advanced biomaterial constructs with precise structure, composition, mechanical, and physical properties can be transplanted to tissue site and exploit local stem cells and their micro-environment to promote tissue regeneration. In the absence of cells, we explore the critical immunomodulatory, chemical and physical properties to consider in material design and choice. The application of biomaterials for in situ tissue regeneration has the potential to address a broad range of injuries and diseases.
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Samat AA, Hamid ZAA, Yahaya BH. Tissue Engineering for Tracheal Replacement: Strategies and Challenges. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022:137-163. [PMID: 35389199 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The critical feature in trachea replacement is to provide a hollow cylindrical framework that is laterally stable and longitudinally flexible, facilitating cartilage and epithelial tissue formation. Despite advanced techniques and sources of materials used, most inherent challenges are related to the complexity of its anatomy. Limited blood supply leads to insufficient regenerative capacity for cartilage and epithelium. Natural and synthetic scaffolds, different types of cells, and growth factors are part of tissue engineering approaches with varying outcomes. Pre-vascularization remains one of the crucial factors to expedite the regenerative process in tracheal reconstruction. This review discusses the challenges and strategies used in tracheal tissue engineering, focusing on scaffold implantation in clinical and preclinical studies conducted in recent decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmak Abdul Samat
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
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Hajiali F, Jin T, Yang G, Santos M, Lam E, Moores A. Mechanochemical Transformations of Biomass into Functional Materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102535. [PMID: 35137539 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biomass is one of the promising alternatives to petroleum-derived materials and plays a major role in our fight against climate change by providing renewable sources of chemicals and materials. Owing to its chemical and structural complexity, the transformation of biomass into value-added products requires a profound understanding of its composition at different scales and innovative methods such as combining physical and chemical processes. In this context, the use of mechanochemistry in biomass valorization is currently growing owing to its potentials as an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly approach. This review highlights the latest advances in the transformation of biomass (i. e., chitin, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and starch) to functional materials using mechanochemical-assisted methods. We focused here on the methodology of biomass processing, influencing factors, and resulting properties with an emphasis on achieving functional materials rather than breaking down the biopolymer chains into smaller molecules. Opportunities and limitations associated this methodology were discussed accordingly for future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Hajiali
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tony Jin
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Galen Yang
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Madison Santos
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, 3480 University St., Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Edmond Lam
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Audrey Moores
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0 C5, Canada
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Dirauf M, Muljajew I, Weber C, Schubert US. Recent advances in degradable synthetic polymers for biomedical applications – Beyond polyesters. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tortorici M, Petersen A, Duda GN, Checa S. The Degradation of Synthetic Polymeric Scaffolds With Strut-like Architecture Influences the Mechanics-dependent Repair Process of an Osteochondral Defect in Silico. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:846665. [PMID: 35360392 PMCID: PMC8960607 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.846665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current clinical treatments of osteochondral defects in articulating joints are frequently not successful in restoring articular surfaces. Novel scaffold-based tissue engineering strategies may help to improve current treatment options and foster a true regeneration of articulating structures. A frequently desired property of scaffolds is their ability to degrade over time and allow a full restoration of tissue and function. However, it remains largely unknown how scaffold degradation influences the mechanical stability of the tissue in a defect region and, in turn, the regenerative process. Such differing goals–supporting regeneration by degrading its own structure–can hardly be analyzed for tissue engineered constructs in clinical trials and in vivo preclinical experiments. Using an in silico analysis, we investigated the degradation-induced modifications in material and architectural properties of a scaffold with strut-like architecture over the healing course and their influence on the mechanics-dependent tissue formation in osteochondral defects. The repair outcome greatly varied depending on the degradation modality, i.e. surface erosion or bulk degradation with and without autocatalysis, and of the degradation speed, i.e. faster, equal or slower than the expected repair time. Bulk degradation with autocatalysis, independently of degradation speed, caused the mechanical failure of the scaffold prior to osteochondral defect repair and was thereby deemed inappropriate for further application. On the other hand, scaffolds with strut-like architecture degrading by both surface erosion and bulk degradation with slow degradation speed resulted in comparably good repair outcomes, thereby indicating such degradation modalities as favorable for the application in osteochondral defects.
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β-Sheet to Random Coil Transition in Self-Assembling Peptide Scaffolds Promotes Proteolytic Degradation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030411. [PMID: 35327603 PMCID: PMC8945919 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most desirable properties that biomaterials designed for tissue engineering or drug delivery applications should fulfill is biodegradation and resorption without toxicity. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the development of biomaterials able to be enzymatically degraded once implanted at the injury site or once delivered to the target organ. In this paper, we demonstrate the protease sensitivity of self-assembling amphiphilic peptides, in particular, RAD16-I (AcN-RADARADARADARADA-CONH2), which contains four potential cleavage sites for trypsin. We detected that when subjected to thermal denaturation, the peptide secondary structure suffers a transition from β-sheet to random coil. We also used Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) to detect the proteolytic breakdown products of samples subjected to incubation with trypsin as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize the effect of the degradation on the nanofiber scaffold. Interestingly, thermally treated samples had a higher extent of degradation than non-denatured samples, suggesting that the transition from β-sheet to random coil leaves the cleavage sites accessible and susceptible to protease degradation. These results indicate that the self-assembling peptide can be reduced to short peptide sequences and, subsequently, degraded to single amino acids, constituting a group of naturally biodegradable materials optimal for their application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Chen H, Agrawal DK, Thankam FG. Biomaterials-Driven Sterile Inflammation. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2022; 28:22-34. [PMID: 33213285 PMCID: PMC8892963 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Performance of the biomaterials used for regenerative medicine largely depends on biocompatibility; however, the biological mechanisms underlying biocompatibility of a biomaterial within the host system is poorly understood. In addition to the classical immune response against non-self-entities, the sterile inflammatory response could limit the compatibility of biological scaffolds. Whereas the immediate to short-term host response to a biomaterial implant have been characterized, the long-term progression of host-biomaterial relationship has not been described. This article explores the novel concept of biomaterials-driven sterile inflammation (BSI) in long-term biodegradable implants and throws light for possible explanation for the onset of BSI and the associated damage-associated molecular patterns. The understanding of BSI would advance the current strategies to improve biomaterial-host tissue integration and open novel translational avenues in biomaterials-based tissue regeneration. Impact statement Understanding the novel concept of biomaterials-driven sterile inflammation and associated damage-associated molecular patterns in long-term biodegradable implants would determine their success and improves the tissue engineering and regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Chen
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Devendra K. Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Finosh G. Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
- Address correspondence to: Finosh G. Thankam, PhD, Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
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Three-dimensional printing of gyroid-structured composite bioceramic scaffolds with tuneable degradability. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 133:112595. [PMID: 35527154 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Customisation of bioactivity and degradability of porous bioceramic scaffolds is a formidable challenge in the field of regenerative medicine. In this study, we developed gyroid-structured ternary composite scaffolds (biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and 45S5 bioglass® (BG)) using digital light processing 3D printing technology based on material and structural design. Additionally, the mechanical strength, bioactivity, degradability, and biocompatibility of the composite ceramic scaffolds were evaluated. The results revealed that BG reacted with BCP to generate major active crystalline phases of CaSiO3 and Na3Ca6(PO4)5. These active crystalline phases accelerated the exchange rate of Si4+, Ca2+, and PO43- with HCO3- in simulated body fluids and resulted in the rapid formation of carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), analogous to the formation of natural bone tissue. Interestingly, the precipitated CHA showed petal- and needle-like morphologies, which provided a large surface area to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. Furthermore, an increase in the BG content improved the degradability of ternary composite scaffolds after soaking in Tris-HCl solution. The tuneable degradability increased by three times at 30 wt% BG and sharply increased by 6.8 times at 40 wt% BG. This study provides a promising strategy to design scaffolds with improved bioactivity and tuneable degradability to assist a diverse population suffering from orthopedic conditions.
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Wille I, Harre J, Oehmichen S, Lindemann M, Menzel H, Ehlert N, Lenarz T, Warnecke A, Behrens P. Development of Neuronal Guidance Fibers for Stimulating Electrodes: Basic Construction and Delivery of a Growth Factor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:776890. [PMID: 35141211 PMCID: PMC8819688 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.776890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
State-of-the-art treatment for sensorineural hearing loss is based on electrical stimulation of residual spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) with cochlear implants (CIs). Due to the anatomical gap between the electrode contacts of the CI and the residual afferent fibers of the SGNs, spatial spreading of the stimulation signal hampers focused neuronal stimulation. Also, the efficiency of a CI is limited because SGNs degenerate over time due to loss of trophic support. A promising option to close the anatomical gap is to install fibers as artificial nerve guidance structures on the surface of the implant and install on these fibers drug delivery systems releasing neuroprotective agents. Here, we describe the first steps in this direction. In the present study, suture yarns made of biodegradable polymers (polyglycolide/poly-ε-caprolactone) serve as the basic fiber material. In addition to the unmodified fiber, also fibers modified with amine groups were employed. Cell culture investigations with NIH 3T3 fibroblasts attested good cytocompatibility to both types of fibers. The fibers were then coated with the extracellular matrix component heparan sulfate (HS) as a biomimetic of the extracellular matrix. HS is known to bind, stabilize, modulate, and sustainably release growth factors. Here, we loaded the HS-carrying fibers with the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which is known to act neuroprotectively. Release of this neurotrophic factor from the fibers was followed over a period of 110 days. Cell culture investigations with spiral ganglion cells, using the supernatants from the release studies, showed that the BDNF delivered from the fibers drastically increased the survival rate of SGNs in vitro. Thus, biodegradable polymer fibers with attached HS and loaded with BDNF are suitable for the protection and support of SGNs. Moreover, they present a promising base material for the further development towards a future neuronal guiding scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Wille
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Inga Wille, ; Peter Behrens,
| | - Jennifer Harre
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarah Oehmichen
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maren Lindemann
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Henning Menzel
- Institut für Technische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nina Ehlert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Athanasia Warnecke
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Behrens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Hannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Inga Wille, ; Peter Behrens,
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47
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Biodegradable polymeric conduits: Platform materials for guided nerve regeneration and vascular tissue engineering. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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48
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Zhang W, Day GJ, Zampetakis I, Carrabba M, Zhang Z, Carter BM, Govan N, Jackson C, Chen M, Perriman AW. Three-Dimensional Printable Enzymatically Active Plastics. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:6070-6077. [PMID: 35983011 PMCID: PMC9376927 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a facile route to the synthesis of enzymatically active highly fabricable plastics, where the enzyme is an intrinsic component of the material. This is facilitated by the formation of an electrostatically stabilized enzyme-polymer surfactant nanoconstruct, which, after lyophilization and melting, affords stable macromolecular dispersions in a wide range of organic solvents. A selection of plastics can then be co-dissolved in the dispersions, which provides a route to bespoke 3D enzyme plastic nanocomposite structures using a wide range of fabrication techniques, including melt electrowriting, casting, and piston-driven 3D printing. The resulting constructs comprising active phosphotriesterase (arPTE) readily detoxify organophosphates with persistent activity over repeated cycles and for long time periods. Moreover, we show that the protein guest molecules, such as arPTE or sfGFP, increase the compressive Young's modulus of the plastics and that the identity of the biomolecule influences the nanomorphology and mechanical properties of the resulting materials. Overall, we demonstrate that these biologically active nanocomposite plastics are compatible with state-of-the-art 3D fabrication techniques and that the methodology could be readily applied to produce robust and on-demand smart nanomaterial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- William
H. Zhang
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Day
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Zampetakis
- Bristol
Composites Institute (ACCIS), University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TR, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Carrabba
- Bristol
Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8DZ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhongyang Zhang
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Ben M. Carter
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Norman Govan
- Defence
Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Jackson
- Australian
National University, Research School of
Chemistry, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and
Protein Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Menglin Chen
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Adam W. Perriman
- School
of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University
of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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Design of Biopolymer-Based Interstitial Therapies for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313160. [PMID: 34884965 PMCID: PMC8658694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common form of primary brain cancer and has the highest morbidity rate and current treatments result in a bleak 5-year survival rate of 5.6%. Interstitial therapy is one option to increase survival. Drug delivery by interstitial therapy most commonly makes use of a polymer implant encapsulating a drug which releases as the polymer degrades. Interstitial therapy has been extensively studied as a treatment option for GBM as it provides several advantages over systemic administration of chemotherapeutics. Primarily, it can be applied behind the blood–brain barrier, increasing the number of possible chemotherapeutic candidates that can be used and reducing systemic levels of the therapy while concentrating it near the cancer source. With interstitial therapy, multiple drugs can be released locally into the brain at the site of resection as the polymer of the implant degrades, and the release profile of these drugs can be tailored to optimize combination therapy or maintain synergistic ratios. This can bypass the blood–brain barrier, alleviate systemic toxicity, and resolve drug resistance in the tumor. However, tailoring drug release requires appropriate consideration of the complex relationship between the drug, polymer, and formulation method. Drug physicochemical properties can result in intermolecular bonding with the polymeric matrix and affect drug distribution in the implant depending on the formulation method used. This review is focused on current works that have applied interstitial therapy towards GBM, discusses polymer and formulation methods, and provides design considerations for future implantable biodegradable materials.
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50
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Eskandari N, Shafiei SS, Dehghan MM, Farzad-Mohajeri S. In vivo evaluation of bone regeneration behavior of novel β-tricalcium phosphate/layered double hydroxide nanocomposite granule as bone graft substitutes. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:1001-1011. [PMID: 34846808 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was based on in vivo assessment of bone regeneration capacity of synthesized porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanocomposite granules and aimed to explore the effects of fabricated β-TCP granules reinforced with layered double hydroxides (LDH) nanoclay compared to β-TCP granules, in terms of osteoconductivity and biodegradability. Granules with diameters of 2-3 mm were implanted into cavities drilled in rabbit distal femur and were left in situ for up to 3 months. The mechanical study demonstrated that the presence of LDH nanoparticles in β-TCP granules resulted in a significant increase in compressive modulus from 174.4 to 231.4 MPa, while the porosity was constant at 76%-80%. The results revealed that the obtained granules showed no cytotoxicity. In this study, x-ray radiographic, micro-computed tomography, and histological staining analysis were taken to evaluate the percentage of bone ingrowth and biodegradability of the porous granules. The results exhibited that both granules support bone regeneration and also the amount of new bone formation in the bone defect filled with both granules was almost six times higher than the empty defects. Although no significant difference in bone formation for two different granules was observed, a higher biodegradability was detected in β-TCP granules in comparison to β-TCP/LDH granules. Overall, the addition of LDH nanoclay (10%) enhanced the physicochemical and mechanical properties of β-TCP granules while it is biological and osteoconductity properties have been maintained and its biodegradation rate has been decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Eskandari
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Shafiei
- Department of Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Farzad-Mohajeri
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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