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Gholizadeh H, Landh E, Silva DM, Granata A, Traini D, Young P, Fathi A, Maleknia S, Abrams T, Dehghani F, Xin Ong H. In vitro and in vivo applications of a universal and synthetic thermo-responsive drug delivery hydrogel platform. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122777. [PMID: 36842518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic and thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-co-(polylactide/2-hydroxy methacrylate)-co-(oligo (ethylene glycol)), is used to formulate a universal carrier platform for sustained drug release. The enabling carrier, denoted as TP, is prepared by dissolving the polymer in an aqueous solution at a relatively neutral pH. A wide range of therapeutic moieties can be incorporated without the need for the addition of surfactants, organic solvents, and other reagents to the carrier system. The resulting solution is flowable through fine gauge needle, allowing accurate administration of TP to the target site. After injection, TP carrier undergoes a coil to globe phase transition to form a hydrogel matrix at the site. The benign nature of the polymer carrier and its physical gelation process are essential to preserve the biological activity of the encapsulated compounds while the adhesive hydrogel nature of the matrix allows sustained elusion and controlled delivery of the incorporated therapeutics. The TP carrier system has been shown to be non-toxic and elicits a minimal inflammatory response in multiple in vitro studies. These findings suggest the suitability of TP as an enabling carrier of therapeutics for localized and sustained drug delivery. To confirm this hypothesis, the capabilities of TP to encapsulate and effectively deliver multiple therapeutics of different physicochemical characteristics was evaluated. Specifically, a broad range of compounds were tested, including ciprofloxacin HCl, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). In vitro studies confirmed that TP carrier is able to control the release of the encapsulated drugs over an extended period of time and mitigate their burst release regardless of the compounds' physiochemical properties for the majority of the loaded therapeutics. Importantly, in vitro and in vivo animal studies showed that the released drugs from the TP hydrogel matrix remained potent and bioactive, confirming the high potential of the TP polymer system as an enabling carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Gholizadeh
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emelie Landh
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dina M Silva
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Antonella Granata
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Young
- Department of Marketing, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ali Fathi
- Tetratherix Technology Pty Ltd, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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2
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Calder D, Fathi A, Oveissi F, Maleknia S, Abrams T, Wang Y, Maitz J, Tsai KHY, Maitz P, Chrzanowski W, Canoy I, Menon VA, Lee K, Ahern BJ, Lean NE, Silva DM, Young PM, Traini D, Ong HX, Mahmoud RS, Montazerian H, Khademhosseini A, Dehghani F, Dehghani F. Thermoresponsive and Injectable Hydrogel for Tissue Agnostic Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201714. [PMID: 36148581 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels can support the body's innate healing capability by providing a temporary matrix for host cell ingrowth and neovascularization. The clinical adoption of current injectable systems remains low due to their cumbersome preparation requirements, device malfunction, product dislodgment during administration, and uncontrolled biological responses at the treatment site. To address these challenges, a fully synthetic and ready-to-use injectable biomaterial is engineered that forms an adhesive hydrogel that remains at the administration site regardless of defect anatomy. The product elicits a negligible local inflammatory response and fully resorbs into nontoxic components with minimal impact on internal organs. Preclinical animal studies confirm that the engineered hydrogel upregulates the regeneration of both soft and hard tissues by providing a temporary matrix to support host cell ingrowth and neovascularization. In a pilot clinical trial, the engineered hydrogel is successfully administered to a socket site post tooth extraction and forms adhesive hydrogel that stabilizes blood clot and supports soft and hard tissue regeneration. Accordingly, this injectable hydrogel exhibits high therapeutic potential and can be adopted to address multiple unmet needs in different clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dax Calder
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ali Fathi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Tetratherix, Sydney, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - Farshad Oveissi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | | | | | - Yiwei Wang
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Joanneke Maitz
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Kevin Hung-Yueh Tsai
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Peter Maitz
- Burns and Reconstructive Surgery Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Wojtek Chrzanowski
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ivan Canoy
- Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Vivek Ashoka Menon
- Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Ahern
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Natasha E Lean
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dina M Silva
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Paul M Young
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Macquarie University & Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, 2037, Australia.,Ab Initio Pharma, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | | | - Hossein Montazerian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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3
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Zhang Y, Silva DM, Young P, Traini D, Li M, Ong HX, Cheng S. Understanding the effects of aerodynamic and hydrodynamic shear forces on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm growth. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:1483-1497. [PMID: 35274289 PMCID: PMC9313621 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are communities of bacterial cells encased in a self-produced polymeric matrix and exhibit high tolerance towards environmental stress. Despite the plethora of research on biofilms, most biofilm models are produced using mono-interface culture in static flow conditions, and knowledge of the effects of interfaces and mechanical forces on biofilm development remains fragmentary. This study elucidated the effects of air-liquid (ALI) or liquid-liquid (LLI) interfaces and mechanical shear forces induced by airflow and hydrodynamic flow on biofilm growing using a custom-designed dual-channel microfluidic platform. Results from this study showed that comparing biofilms developed under continuous nutrient supply and shear stresses free condition to those developed with limited nutrient supply, ALI biofilms were four times thicker, 60% less permeable, and 100 times more resistant to antibiotics, while LLI biofilms were two times thicker, 20% less permeable, and 100 times more resistant to antibiotics. Subjecting the biofilms to mechanical shear stresses affected the biofilm structure across the biofilm thickness significantly, resulting in generally thinner and denser biofilm compared to their controlled biofilm cultured in the absence of shear stresses, and the ALI and LLI biofilm's morphology was vastly different. Biofilms developed under hydrodynamic shear stress also showed increased antibiotic resistance. These findings highlight the importance of investigating biofilm growth and its mechanisms in realistic environmental conditions and demonstrate a feasible approach to undertake this work using a novel platform. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dina M Silva
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Young
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Marketing, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaokoon Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Ye Z, Silva DM, Traini D, Young P, Cheng S, Ong HX. An adaptable microreactor to investigate the influence of interfaces on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm growth. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1067-1077. [PMID: 35015140 PMCID: PMC8817054 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11746-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Biofilms are ubiquitous and notoriously difficult to eradicate and control, complicating human infections and industrial and agricultural biofouling. However, most of the study had used the biofilm model that attached to solid surface and developed in liquid submerged environments which generally have neglected the impact of interfaces. In our study, a reusable dual-chamber microreactor with interchangeable porous membranes was developed to establish multiple growth interfaces for biofilm culture and test. Protocol for culturing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) on the air–liquid interface (ALI) and liquid–liquid interface (LLI) under static environmental conditions for 48 h was optimized using this novel device. This study shows that LLI model biofilms are more susceptible to physical disruption compared to ALI model biofilm. SEM images revealed a unique “dome-shaped” microcolonies morphological feature, which is more distinct on ALI biofilms than LLI. Furthermore, the study showed that ALI and LLI biofilms produced a similar amount of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). As differences in biofilm structure and properties may lead to different outcomes when using the same eradication approaches, the antimicrobial effect of an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP), was chosen to test the susceptibility of a 48-h-old P. aeruginosa biofilms grown on ALI and LLI. Our results show that the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of 6-h CIP exposure for ALI and LLI biofilms is significantly different, which are 400 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL, respectively. These results highlight the importance of growth interface when developing more targeted biofilm management strategies, and our novel device provides a promising tool that enables manipulation of realistic biofilm growth. Key points • A novel dual-chamber microreactor device that enables the establishment of different interfaces for biofilm culture has been developed. • ALI model biofilms and LLI model biofilms show differences in resistance to physical disruption and antibiotic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ye
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dina M Silva
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Paul Young
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Marketing, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaokoon Cheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia.
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia.
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5
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Duke DJ, Nguyen DT, Dos Reis LG, Silva DM, Neild A, Edgington-Mitchell D, Young PM, Honnery DR. Increasing the fine particle fraction of pressurised metered dose inhaler solutions with novel actuator shapes. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120341. [PMID: 33545289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we demonstrate that the use of multiple orifices can improve the fine particle fraction (FPF) of pressurised metered-dose inhaler solution formulations by up to 75% when compared to a single orifice with an equivalent cross sectional area (p<0.05). While prior work has relied on metal actuator components, improvements in micro injection moulding and micro drilling now make it possible to mass produce novel orifice shapes to achieve similar FPF gains in plastic parts, with orifice diameters less than 0.2 mm. The ability to create internal features inside the actuator is also demonstrated. We show through in vitro high speed imaging that twin orifice sprays merge quickly and act as a single, modified plume. We also show for the first time that FPF and fine particle dose (FPD) are strongly correlated with the distance at which the plume velocity decays to half its initial value (R2=0.997 and 0.95 respectively). When plume velocity & FPF are increased, mouthpiece deposition decreases. This suggests that while smaller orifices produce more fine particles, higher sustained plume velocities also entrain more of the fine particles produced at the periphery of the spray due to increased shear. The effect occurs within the mouthpiece and is thus unlikely to alter the flow field in the upper airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Duke
- Laboratory for Turbulence Research in Aerospace & Combustion (LTRAC), Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Dung T Nguyen
- Laboratory for Turbulence Research in Aerospace & Combustion (LTRAC), Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Larissa Gomes Dos Reis
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dina M Silva
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrian Neild
- Laboratory for Microsystems, Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Edgington-Mitchell
- Laboratory for Turbulence Research in Aerospace & Combustion (LTRAC), Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul M Young
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Damon R Honnery
- Laboratory for Turbulence Research in Aerospace & Combustion (LTRAC), Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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6
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Silva DM, Dos Reis LG, Tobin MJ, Vongsvivut J, Traini D, Sencadas V. Co-delivery of inhalable therapies: Controlling active ingredients spatial distribution and temporal release. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 122:111831. [PMID: 33641884 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The management of respiratory diseases relies on the daily administration of multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), leading to a lack of patient compliance and impaired quality of life. The frequency and dosage of the APIs result in increased side effects that further worsens the overall patient condition. Here, the manufacture of polymer-polymer core-shell microparticles for the sequential delivery of multiple APIs by inhalation delivery is reported. The microparticles, composed of biodegradable polymers silk fibroin (shell) and poly(L-lactic acid) (core), incorporating ciprofloxacin in the silk layer and ibuprofen (PLLA core) as the antibiotic and anti-inflammatory model APIs, respectively. The polymer-polymer core-shell structure and the spatial distribution of the APIs have been characterized using cutting-edge synchrotron macro ATR-FTIR technique, which was correlated with the respective API sequential release profiles. The APIs microparticles had a suitable size and aerosol properties for inhalation therapies (≤4.94 ± 0.21μm), with low cytotoxicity and immunogenicity in healthy lung epithelial cells. The APIs compartmentalization obtained by the microparticles not only could inhibit potential actives interactions but can provide modulation of the APIs release profiles via an inhalable single administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Silva
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Larissa Gomes Dos Reis
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark J Tobin
- Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) Beamline, Australian Synchrotron (ANSTO), 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jitraporn Vongsvivut
- Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) Beamline, Australian Synchrotron (ANSTO), 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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7
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Silva DM, Liu R, Gonçalves AF, da Costa A, Castro Gomes A, Machado R, Vongsvivut J, J Tobin M, Sencadas V. Design of polymeric core-shell carriers for combination therapies. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 587:499-509. [PMID: 33388652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Particle engineering for co-delivery of drugs has the potential to combine multiple drugs with different pharmaceutical mechanisms within the same carrier, increasing the therapeutic efficiency while improving patient compliance. This work proposes a novel approach for producing polymer-polymer core-shell microparticles by multi-step processing of emulsion and spray drying. The particle core was obtained by an oil-in-water emulsion of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) loaded with curcumin (CM), followed by the resuspension in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing ciprofloxacin (CPx) forming the shell layer by spray-drying. The obtained core-shell particles showed an average size of 3.8 ± 1.2 μm, which is a suitable size for inhalation therapies. The spatial distribution of the drugs was studied using synchrotron-based macro attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (macro ATR-FTIR) microspectroscopy to map the chemical distribution of the components within the particles and supported the presence of CM and CPx in the core and shell layers, respectively. The formation of the core-shell structure was further supported by the differences in the release profile of CM from these particles, when compared to the release profile observed for the single particle structure (PCL-CM). Both empty and drug-loaded carriers (up to 100 μg.mL-1) showed no cytotoxic effects on A549 cells while exhibiting the antibacterial activity of CPx against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These polymer core-shell microparticles provide a promising route for the combination and sequential drug release therapies, with the potential to be used in inhalation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Silva
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Ruy Liu
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Anabela F Gonçalves
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - André da Costa
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; IB-S (Institute of Science and Innovation for Sustainability), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Andreia Castro Gomes
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; IB-S (Institute of Science and Innovation for Sustainability), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Raul Machado
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; IB-S (Institute of Science and Innovation for Sustainability), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Jitraporn Vongsvivut
- Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) Beamline, Australian Synchrotron (ANSTO), 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Mark J Tobin
- Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) Beamline, Australian Synchrotron (ANSTO), 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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8
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Pereira I, Pereira JE, Maltez L, Rodrigues A, Rodrigues C, Oliveira M, Silva DM, Caseiro AR, Prada J, Maurício AC, Santos JD, Gama M. Regeneration of critical-sized defects, in a goat model, using a dextrin-based hydrogel associated with granular synthetic bone substitute. Regen Biomater 2020; 8:rbaa036. [PMID: 33732486 PMCID: PMC7947577 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of injectable bone substitutes (IBS) have obtained great importance in the bone regeneration field, as a strategy to reach hardly accessible defects using minimally invasive techniques and able to fit to irregular topographies. In this scenario, the association of injectable hydrogels and bone graft granules is emerging as a well-established trend. Particularly, in situ forming hydrogels have arisen as a new IBS generation. An in situ forming and injectable dextrin-based hydrogel (HG) was developed, aiming to act as a carrier of granular bone substitutes and bioactive agents. In this work, the HG was associated to a granular bone substitute (Bonelike®) and implanted in goat critical-sized calvarial defects (14 mm) for 3, 6 and 12 weeks. The results showed that HG improved the handling properties of the Bonelike® granules and did not affect its osteoconductive features, neither impairing the bone regeneration process. Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from the umbilical cord, extracellular matrix hydrolysates and the pro-angiogenic peptide LLKKK18 were also combined with the IBS. These bioactive agents did not enhance the new bone formation significantly under the conditions tested, according to micro-computed tomography and histological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pereira
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- Correspondence address. CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. Tel: +351-253-604-418; E-mail:
| | - José Eduardo Pereira
- CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
| | - Luís Maltez
- CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Rodrigues
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Catarina Rodrigues
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Manuela Oliveira
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Dina M Silva
- Biosckin, Molecular and Cell Therapies S.A., Laboratório Criovida, TecMaia, Rua Engenheiro Frederico Ulrich 2650, Moreira da Maia 4470-605, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Caseiro
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, Porto 4051-401 Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Vasco da Gama (CIVG)/Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Avenida José R. Sousa Fernandes, n.° 197 Lordemão, Coimbra 3020-210, Portugal
| | - Justina Prada
- CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
| | - Ana Colette Maurício
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, Porto 4051-401 Portugal
| | - José Domingos Santos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-495, Portugal
| | - Miguel Gama
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
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Silva DM, Auad AM, Moraes JC, Silva SEB. How Do Collaria oleosa and Brachiaria spp. Respond to Increase in Carbon Dioxide Levels? Neotrop Entomol 2019; 48:340-348. [PMID: 30374739 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study determines the indirect effect of CO2 level increase on Collaria oleosa (Distant, 1863) (Hemiptera: Miridae) fed on Brachiaria spp. (Poaceae), at two trophic levels, and evaluates resistance to these forages against the insect pest. Mirid bug nymphs and host plant were maintained under four climate environments: (1) nymphs and plants kept at 400 ppm CO2 level; (2) nymphs kept at 400 ppm CO2 level and fed on plants grown at 700 ppm CO2 level; (3) nymphs kept at 700 ppm CO2 level and fed on plants grown at 400 ppm CO2 level; (4) nymphs and plants kept at 700 ppm CO2 level. A totally randomized design was employed with 50 replications. Mean duration and survival of each instar and nymphal phase of insect, subjected to different climate scenarios and food sources, were evaluated. High CO2 levels promote changes in the plant, which trigger changes in the biology of C. oleosa, especially when the insects are kept at the current CO2 level. Moreover, since longer developmental period and shorter survival rates will induce the reduction of the number of generations and number of specimens, it may be underscored that B. brizantha species resistance will be maintained in future climate scenarios. Similarly, genotypes of B. ruziziensis demonstrated that they will be resistant at current and future CO2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Silva
- Depto de Entomologia, Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - A M Auad
- Lab de Entomologia, Embrapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugênio do Nascimento, 610, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36038330, Brasil.
| | - J C Moraes
- Depto de Entomologia, Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - S E B Silva
- Depto de Entomologia, Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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10
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Branco M, Caseiro AR, Silva DM, Amorim I, Rêma A, Pedrosa SS, Branquinho MV, Gomes PS, Fernandes MH, Santos JD, Mauricio AC, Sencadas V. Processing, Characterization, and in Vivo Evaluation of Poly(l-lactic acid)-Fish Gelatin Electrospun Membranes for Biomedical Applications. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2018; 1:226-236. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Branco
- Faculdade de Engenharia, U. Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R. Caseiro
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV − Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Irina Amorim
- Departamento de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Rêma
- Departamento de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia S. Pedrosa
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana V. Branquinho
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro S. Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV − Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade Do Porto (FMDUP), 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria H. Fernandes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV − Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade Do Porto (FMDUP), 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - José D. Santos
- Faculdade de Engenharia, U. Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV − Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Mauricio
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
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Silva DM, Paleco R, Traini D, Sencadas V. Development of ciprofloxacin-loaded poly(vinyl alcohol) dry powder formulations for lung delivery. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:114-121. [PMID: 29803795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric microparticles are micro carriers for the sustained drug delivery of drugs in the lungs, used as alternatives to the use of established excipients. This study aims to develop and characterize inhalable ciprofloxacin (CPx)-loaded poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) microparticles by a single-step spray-drying procedure. The optimization of the processing parameters was achieved by an orthogonal design of the most relevant processing parameters (polymer concentration, feed rate and inlet temperature). The obtained spray-dried particles showed a drug encapsulation efficiency higher than 90%. Furthermore, PVA-CPx formulations, with drug contents up to 10 wt%, showed a morphology and size suitable for inhalation, with a sustained release profile over 24 h. Data from Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry indicated absence of interaction between the polymer matrix and the drug. Aerodynamic assessment of PVA-CPx 10 wt% was determined by the next generation impactor (NGI), using spray-dried CPx as a control. The results showed improved values of mass median aerodynamic diameter (5.06±0.10μm) and a fine particle fraction (39.78±0.98%) when comparing with the CPx alone (5.33±0.39μm and 30.43±1.38%). This study highlights the potential of spray-dried PVA microparticles as drug carriers for lung local delivery of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Silva
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Roberto Paleco
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; ARC Center of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, 2522 NSW, Australia.
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Silva DM, Vyas HKN, Sanderson-Smith ML, Sencadas V. Development and optimization of ciprofloxacin-loaded gelatin microparticles by single-step spray-drying technique. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Stecca CS, Bueno AF, Pasini A, Silva DM, Andrade K, Zirondi Filho DM. Impact of Insecticides Used in Soybean Crops to the Egg Parasitoid Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:281-291. [PMID: 28823094 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate possible side effects of insecticides used in soybean crops on pupae and adults of the egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) under laboratory conditions. The protocol was adapted from standard methodology stablished by the Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms Working Group of the International Organization for Biological and integrated Control (IOBC) for Trichogramma cacoeciae (Marchal) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). All tested benzoylureas, diacylhydrazines, diamides and spinosins as well as pyrethroid beta-cyfluthrin were harmless to T. podisi pupae and adults, and therefore, can be used in IPM without damage to this biological control agent. The tested organophosphate, pyrethroids (except beta-cyfluthrin) and its combinations with either neonicotinoids or diamides triggered deleterious effects on at least one of the life stages of the parasitoid and should, whenever possible, be replaced by other insecticides more selective to natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Stecca
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - A F Bueno
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - A Pasini
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - D M Silva
- Instituto Agrônomico do Paraná - IAPAR, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 375, Caixa Postal 481, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil.
| | - K Andrade
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
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Machado R, da Costa A, Silva DM, Gomes AC, Casal M, Sencadas V. Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Poly(Lactic Acid)-Bovine Lactoferrin Nanofiber Membranes. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18. [PMID: 29333738 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial materials have become relevant for local therapies preventing microbial resistance induced by systemic antibiotic treatments. This work reports the development of electrospun poly(lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber membranes loaded with bovine lactoferrin (bLF) up to 20 wt%. The membranes present smooth and nondefective fibers with mean diameters between 717 ± 197 and 495 ± 127 nm, and an overall porosity of ≈80%. The hydrophobicity of the PLLA membranes is reduced by the presence of bLF. The release profile of bLF correlates with an anomalous transport model, with 17.7 ± 3.6% being released over 7 weeks. The nanofiber mats show no cytotoxicity on human skin fibroblasts and even promote cell proliferation after short exposure periods. Furthermore, the developed membranes display antifungal activity against Aspergillus nidulans by inhibiting spore germination and mycelial growth. These results evidence the strong potential of bLF-PLLA nanofiber membranes to be used as antifungal dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Machado
- Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - André da Costa
- Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Dina M Silva
- School of Mechanical, Materials Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Andreia C Gomes
- Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Margarida Casal
- Department of Biology, CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,ARC Center of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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15
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Costa JEF, Morais VMS, Gonçales JP, Silva DM, Coêlho MRCD. Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and C viruses in patients with leprosy. Acta Trop 2017; 172:160-163. [PMID: 28457830 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported a higher seroprevalence of HBV and HCV in leprosy patients than in the general population, but the reasons for these findings are not yet clear. On the other hand, there is evidence that these viruses may influence the onset of leprosy reactional episodes, an important cause of neurological sequelae. This study aimed to determine seroprevalence and risk factors for HBV and HCV in leprosy patients and to investigate its association with leprosy reactions. Patients attended from 2015 to 2016 at a Reference Center in Leprosy in Northeastern region of Brazil, were interviewed, had their records reviewed to investigate biological, clinical, behavioral and socioeconomic factors, and underwent blood sample collection. Biological samples were tested for HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBs) and HCV (anti-HCV) serological markers by ELISA and, in anti-HCV positive samples, HCV RNA was screened by real time PCR. SPSS program was used to analyze the data. A total of 403 leprosy patients were included. Although anti-HBc was positive in 14.1%, there was no detection of HBsAg, which contradicts the hypothesis that leprosy patients have immune deficit that make them more prone to chronic HBV infection. Multibacillary leprosy (0.057), health-related work (0.011) and lower educational level (0.035) were associated with anti-HBc positivity. Anti-HCV was positive in 0.5%, with no detection of HCV RNA. No association was identified between anti-HCV and the epidemiological analyzed factors. There was also no association of anti-HBc or anti-HCV with type 1 or type 2 leprosy reactions. Thus, the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV in leprosy patients was similar to that of the general population of Northeastern region of Brazil, and no association of HBV or HCV with leprosy reactions was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E F Costa
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - V M S Morais
- Virology Sector, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - J P Gonçales
- Virology Sector, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - D M Silva
- Virology Sector, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - M R C D Coêlho
- Virology Sector, Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Santos D, Correia CO, Silva DM, Gomes PS, Fernandes MH, Santos JD, Sencadas V. Incorporation of glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite microparticles into poly(lactic acid) electrospun fibre mats for biomedical applications. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2017; 75:1184-1190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Queiroz AP, Bueno AF, Pomari-Fernandes A, Grande MLM, Bortolotto OC, Silva DM. Low Temperature Storage of Telenomus remus (Nixon) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) and its Factitious Host Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:182-192. [PMID: 27631129 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We conducted three bioassays to evaluate the effect of low-temperature storage of eggs (host) and pupae and adults (parasitoid) on the biology and parasitism capacity of the egg parasitoid Telenomus remus (Nixon) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Viable stored Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs were parasitized to the same degree or even higher than fresh eggs when stored until 14 days at 5°C or until 21 days at 10°C. In contrast, the percentage of parasitized sterilized eggs was equal to the control only when stored for 7 and 14 days. Survival of T. remus pupae declined with storage time at both studied temperatures (5 and 10°C). However, after 7 days of storage, survival of pupae was still 86.3 and 64.9% at 10 and 5°C, respectively. The number of adult male survivors remained similar until the fourth storage day at both 5 and 10°C. In contrast, female survival did not differ until day 8 at 10°C or day 6 at 5°C. Parasitism capacity of stored adults was not altered by storage compared with the control. Therefore, we conclude that the maximal storage time at 10°C is 21 days for viable C. cephalonica eggs and 7 days for T. remus pupae, while parasitoid adults should not be stored for more than 4 days at either 5 or 10°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Queiroz
- Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - A F Bueno
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil, 86001-970.
| | | | - M L M Grande
- Univ Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | | | - D M Silva
- Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
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Silva DM, Holden SA, Lyons A, Souza JC, Fair S. In vitro addition of docosahexaenoic acid improves the quality of cooled but not frozen-thawed stallion semen. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:2021-2027. [PMID: 28171739 DOI: 10.1071/rd16473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the addition of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the in vitro quality of cooled and frozen-thawed stallion semen. In Experiment 1, semen from 10 stallions was collected (three ejaculates per stallion). Semen was diluted to 100×106 spermatozoa mL-1 with 0.02mM vitamin E (VE) and 0, 1, 10 or 20ng mL-1 DHA and frozen. Semen was thawed and total motility (TM), rapid progressive motility (PM), acrosome integrity, membrane fluidity and morphology were assessed. In Experiment 2, semen from three stallions was collected (three ejaculates per stallion) and frozen as in Experiment 1, but VE and DHA were added after thawing. TM and PM were assessed at 30, 60 and 120min and viability, acrosome integrity and membrane fluidity were evaluated at 30min. In Experiment 3, semen from five stallions was collected (one to three ejaculates per stallion), diluted to 20×106 spermatozoa mL-1 and stored at 4°C. After 1, 24, 48 and 72h, TM, PM, viability, membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation were assessed. The addition of DHA had no effect on frozen semen (Experiments 1 and 2) but improved TM, PM and membrane fluidity in cooled stallion semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Silva
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais - Campus Machado, Machado, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - S A Holden
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co Limerick, Ireland
| | - A Lyons
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co Limerick, Ireland
| | - J C Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - S Fair
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co Limerick, Ireland
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Ferreira MA, Silva DM, de Morais AC, Mota JF, Botelho PB. Therapeutic potential of green tea on risk factors for type 2 diabetes in obese adults - a review. Obes Rev 2016; 17:1316-1328. [PMID: 27443447 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Green tea has been associated with positive effects in the treatment of obesity and other associated comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes. These benefits are thought to be related to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of green tea and to the reduction in body fat percentage exhibited by its bioactive compounds. The predominant active compounds in green tea are flavonoid monomers known as catechins, in particular epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which is the most abundant and most effective catechin in metabolic care, particularly among obese patients. The objective of this review was to investigate the effects of green tea on body composition, oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance, risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals and the mechanisms that underlie the modulatory actions of green tea compounds on these risk factors. Although green tea has therapeutic potential in the treatment of obese individuals, the findings of this review demonstrate the need for a greater number of studies to confirm the positive effects of green tea, especially regarding the modulation of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ferreira
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - D M Silva
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - A C de Morais
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - J F Mota
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - P B Botelho
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Nutrition and Sports (Labince), Nutrition Faculty, Federal University of Goias (UFG), Goiania, Goias, Brazil
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Pinheiro GML, Bispo Júnior JP, Moreira DC, Chaves IO, Silva DM, Couto DA. Professional education in primary health care: experience and challenges in municipalities of Brazil. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw171.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pinheiro GML, Bispo Júnior JP, Moreira DC, Chaves IO, Silva DM, Couto DA. Teamwork in primary health care in Brazil: potentialities and challenges for an integrated care. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw175.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Silva DM, Caseiro AR, Amorim I, Pereira I, Faria F, Pereira T, Santos JD, Gama FM, Maurício AC. Inflammatory response to dextrin-based hydrogel associated with human mesenchymal stem cells, urinary bladder matrix and Bonelike ® granules in rat subcutaneous implants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:065004. [PMID: 27786165 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/6/065004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing relevance has been attributed to hydrogels due to their ability to provide an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like environment for cellular adhesion and proliferation, acting as mechanical scaffolds for tissue remodeling or as delivery matrices. In vivo biocompatibility of a hybrid dextrin hydrogel produced from oxidized dextrin and adipic acid dihydrazide and its combinations with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), ECM from a porcine bladder (urinary bladder matrix) and ceramic granules (Bonelike®), was evaluated following ISO 10993 after subcutaneous implantation in a rat model. Histological analysis after 3 and 15 d showed typical acute and chronic inflammatory responses, respectively, with a more severe reaction exhibited whenever the ceramic granules were present. However, the dextrin hydrogel was able to stabilize granules in the implant site. Dextrin hydrogel was scored as slight irritant after 3 d, similar to its combination with UBM, and as non-irritant after 15 d. The presence of viable hMSCs in the subcutaneous tissue could be confirmed by the presence of anti-human nuclei antibody (HuNu+) cells. The production of growth factors and inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines by these cells was also quantified in peripheral blood confirming the successful encapsulation of hMSCs into the hydrogel matrix for cell survival promotion. The presence of hMSCs seemed to modulate the inflammatory response by accelerating its progression when compared to the acellular experimental groups. Dextrin hydrogel has proven to be a biocompatible multifunctional matrix for minimally invasive biomedical procedures, including orthopedic surgeries when associated with bone substitutes and also as a possible encapsulation matrix for cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Silva
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho (UM), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed
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Silva DM, Siqueira MVBM, Carrasco NF, Mantello CC, Nascimento WF, Veasey EA. Genetic diversity among air yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) varieties based on single sequence repeat markers. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7929. [PMID: 27323077 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dioscorea is the largest genus in the Dioscoreaceae family, and includes a number of economically important species including the air yam, D. bulbifera L. This study aimed to develop new single sequence repeat primers and characterize the genetic diversity of local varieties that originated in several municipalities of Brazil. We developed an enriched genomic library for D. bulbifera resulting in seven primers, six of which were polymorphic, and added four polymorphic loci developed for other Dioscorea species. This resulted in 10 polymorphic primers to evaluate 42 air yam accessions. Thirty-three alleles (bands) were found, with an average of 3.3 alleles per locus. The discrimination power ranged from 0.113 to 0.834, with an average of 0.595. Both principal coordinate and cluster analyses (using the Jaccard Index) failed to clearly separate the accessions according to their origins. However, the 13 accessions from Conceição dos Ouros, Minas Gerais State were clustered above zero on the principal coordinate 2 axis, and were also clustered into one subgroup in the cluster analysis. Accessions from Ubatuba, São Paulo State were clustered below zero on the same principal coordinate 2 axis, except for one accession, although they were scattered in several subgroups in the cluster analysis. Therefore, we found little spatial structure in the accessions, although those from Conceição dos Ouros and Ubatuba exhibited some spatial structure, and that there is a considerable level of genetic diversity in D. bulbifera maintained by traditional farmers in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Silva
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - M V B M Siqueira
- Central de Laboratórios de Pesquisa, Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - N F Carrasco
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - C C Mantello
- Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - W F Nascimento
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Chapadinha, MA, Brasil
| | - E A Veasey
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
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Stecca CS, Bueno AF, Pasini A, Silva DM, Andrade K, Filho DMZ. Side-Effects of Glyphosate to the Parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Neotrop Entomol 2016; 45:192-200. [PMID: 26842914 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the side-effects of glyphosate to the parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) when parasitoids were exposed to this chemical at the pupal (inside host eggs) and adult stages. Bioassays were conducted under laboratory conditions according to the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) standard methods for testing side-effects of pesticides to egg parasitoids. Different glyphosate-based pesticides (Roundup Original®, Roundup Ready®, Roundup Transorb®, Roundup WG®, and Zapp Qi®) were tested at the same acid equivalent concentration. Treatments were classified following the IOBC toxicity categories as (1) harmless, (2) slightly harmful, (3) moderately harmful, and (4) harmful. When tested against T. remus adults, Roundup Original®, Roundup Ready®, Roundup Transorb®, and Roundup WG® reduced parasitism 2 days after parasitoid emergence, being classified as slightly harmful. Differently, when tested against T. remus pupae, all tested glyphosate-based products did not differ in their lethal effect and therefore did not reduce T. remus adult emergence or parasitism capacity, being classified as harmless. However, differences on sublethal toxicity were found. Parasitism of individuals emerging from parasitized eggs sprayed at the pupal stage of T. remus with Zapp Qi® was lower compared to control, but parasitism was still higher than 66%, and therefore, Zapp Qi® was still classified as harmless. In conclusion, all tested glyphosate-based products can be used in agriculture without negative impact to T. remus as none was classified as harmful or moderately harmful to this parasitoid when exposure occurred at the pupal or adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Stecca
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - A F Bueno
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Soja, Rod. Carlos João Strass - Distrito de Warta, Caxia Postal 231, 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
| | - A Pasini
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - D M Silva
- Instituto Agrônomico do Paraná - IAPAR, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - K Andrade
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - D M Z Filho
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
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Valente TAM, Silva DM, Gomes PS, Fernandes MH, Santos JD, Sencadas V. Effect of Sterilization Methods on Electrospun Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) Fiber Alignment for Biomedical Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:3241-3249. [PMID: 26756809 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Medically approved sterility methods should be a major concern when developing a polymeric scaffold, mainly when commercialization is envisaged. In the present work, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fiber membranes were processed by electrospinning with random and aligned fiber alignment and sterilized under UV, ethylene oxide (EO), and γ-radiation, the most common ones for clinical applications. It was observed that UV light and γ-radiation do not influence fiber morphology or alignment, while electrospun samples treated with EO lead to fiber orientation loss and morphology changing from cylindrical fibers to ribbon-like structures, accompanied to an increase of polymer crystallinity up to 28%. UV light and γ-radiation sterilization methods showed to be less harmful to polymer morphology, without significant changes in polymer thermal and mechanical properties, but a slight increase of polymer wettability was detected, especially for the samples treated with UV radiation. In vitro results indicate that both UV and γ-radiation treatments of PLA membranes allow the adhesion and proliferation of MG 63 osteoblastic cells in a close interaction with the fiber meshes and with a growth pattern highly sensitive to the underlying random or aligned fiber orientation. These results are suggestive of the potential of both γ-radiation sterilized PLA membranes for clinical applications in regenerative medicine, especially those where customized membrane morphology and fiber alignment is an important issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A M Valente
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - D M Silva
- Biosckin, Molecular, and Cell Therapies, SA. Parque Tecnológico da Maia-Tecmaia , Rua Eng.° Frederico Ulrich, 2650, 4470-605 Maia, Portugal
| | - P S Gomes
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto , Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - M H Fernandes
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto , Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal
| | - J D Santos
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- CEMUC, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - V Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials, and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Pavelski M, Silva DM, Leite NC, Junior DA, de Sousa RS, Guérios SD, Dornbusch PT. Infrared Thermography in Dogs with Mammary Tumors and Healthy Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1578-83. [PMID: 26289007 PMCID: PMC4895668 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infrared thermography is a painless, noninvasive, nonionizing diagnostic imaging exam used in human medicine as an auxiliary tool for breast cancer diagnosis in women. Hypothesis/Objectives Define thermographic mean temperatures of healthy mammary glands and compare these temperatures with those of mammary glands with tumors in dogs. Animals Fifty client‐owned female dogs were evaluated, including 20 with histopathologically confirmed mammary tumor and 30 clinically healthy (control). Methods A randomized study using infrared thermography analyzed each mammary gland of the animals from the control group and mammary glands with tumors from the tumor group, then the thermographic temperatures obtained were compared. Thermographic exam was performed in a temperature‐controlled room with a cooled thermographic camera—Flir E‐40 (Flir Systems®) Results There was significantly a higher temperature in the caudal abdominal and inguinal mammary glands than the other glands in the healthy group (P < .05). Dogs with mammary tumors had significantly higher thermographic temperature compared with unaffected glands regardless of the tumor size and the location (P < .05). Conclusions and clinical importance The technique seems to be able to assess for the presence of neoplasia within the mammary tissue in bitches. Further investigation is necessary to determine the impact of this technique when adopted clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pavelski
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - D M Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - N C Leite
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - D A Junior
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - R S de Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - S D Guérios
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - P T Dornbusch
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Guérios SD, Silva DM, Souza CHM, Bacon NJ. Surgical placement and management of jugular vascular access ports in dogs and cats: description of technique. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2015. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v28n3a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Minasi LB, Pinto IP, de Almeida JG, de Melo AV, Cunha DMC, Ribeiro CL, Silva GP, Brasil MG, Silva DM, da Silva CC, da Cruz AD. Postnatal diagnosis of constitutive ring chromosome 13 using both conventional and molecular cytogenetic approaches. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:1692-9. [PMID: 25867311 DOI: 10.4238/2015.march.6.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We describe the first postnatal diagnosis of a child from Central Brazil with de novo cytogenetic alterations in 13q showing malformations of the brain, eyes, distal limbs, and genitourinary tract, and severe intellectual disability. The karyotype was a constitutive 46,XX,r(13)[77]/45,XX,-13[17]/46,XX,idic r(13)[6]. Interphase and metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses also showed the absence of 13qter and the presence of 13q14.3 in the cells with r(13), and chromosome microarray analysis detected a 15.39 Mb deletion in chromosome region 13q32.3-q34. This study is intended as the registry of a rare case of chromosomal rearrangement involving chromosome 13 in Central Brazil. Further studies are needed to define whether genetic haploinsufficiency is associated with each major 13q deletion anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Minasi
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - I P Pinto
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - J G de Almeida
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A V de Melo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - D M C Cunha
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - C L Ribeiro
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - G P Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - M G Brasil
- Hospital das Clínicas de Goiânia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - D M Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - C C da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A D da Cruz
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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Gonçalves MW, Vieira TB, Maciel NM, Carvalho WF, Lima LSF, Gambale PG, da Cruz AD, Nomura F, Bastos RP, Silva DM. Detecting genomic damages in the frog Dendropsophus minutus: preserved versus perturbed areas. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:3947-3954. [PMID: 25300186 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to use the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) and micronucleus test to assess the extent of genomic damage in the whole blood of Dendropsophus minutus from agroecosystems with great use of agrochemicals and to compare the results to those obtained from animals living in unpolluted areas. Our results indicated that specimens of D. minutus collected in perturbed areas exhibited higher amounts of DNA damage in blood cells in comparison to animals from areas free of agricultural activities. The average and standard deviation of all comet assay parameters (tail length, percentage of DNA in the tail, and olive tail moment) and micronuclei frequency were significantly higher in specimens collected in perturbed areas than in the animals from preserved areas. Our study showed that animals from perturbed areas, such as agroecosystems, tend to have higher amounts of DNA damage than animals from reference areas. Moreover, we can conclude that D. minutus tadpoles could be included as a model organism in biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Laboratório de Genética e Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Silva DM, Nunes C, Pereira I, Moreira AS, Domingues MRM, Coimbra MA, Gama FM. Structural analysis of dextrins and characterization of dextrin-based biomedical hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 114:458-466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vieira TC, Gigonzac MAD, Silva DM, Rodovalho RG, Santos GS, da Cruz AD. Y-STR haplotype diversity and population data for Central Brazil: implications for environmental forensics and paternity testing. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:3404-10. [PMID: 24841785 DOI: 10.4238/2014.april.30.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The central region of Brazil was colonized by internal migration of individuals of different origins, who contributed to the genetic diversity existing in this population. This study determined the allele frequencies and haplotype diversity of Y-STRs in Goiás State, Central Brazil, and compared the data obtained with a sample of the Brazilian population, consisting of individuals from the five geographical regions of Brazil. A total of 353 males were typed for 12 Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers. We selected males who had no degree of relatedness, from the five mesoregions of Goiás State. DNA was extracted from blood samples followed by the amplification of the 12 Y-chromosome loci. The products were analyzed to obtain the allele profiles on an ABI3500 automated sequencer using the Gene Mapper software. Allele frequencies and haplotype diversity were estimated by direct counting, and gene diversity for each locus was computed using the Arlequin software. The results are consistent with the history of miscegenation of the population of Central Brazil, in which we observed 321 different haplotypes. The average gene diversity at the 12 loci was 0.645. DYS385b and DYS389I showed the highest (0.704) and lowest (0.520) genetic diversity values, respectively. The FST value between the Brazilian and Goiás populations was 0.00951, showing no statistical significance. The results of this study allowed the establishment of haplotypes found in the forensic samples of Goiás State serving as a reference in the elucidation of criminal cases and paternity tests, as well as population and evolutionary inferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - M A D Gigonzac
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Molecular, Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Dr. Giovanni Cysneiros, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde/Governo de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - D M Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - R G Rodovalho
- Laboratório Biocroma, Laboratório de Análise de DNA, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - G S Santos
- Laboratório Biocroma, Laboratório de Análise de DNA, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A D da Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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Anvarifar H, Farahmand H, Silva DM, Bastos RP, Khyabani A, Anvarifar H. Fourteen years after the Shahid-Rajaei dam construction: an evaluation of morphometric and genetic differentiation between isolated up- and downstream populations of Capoeta capoeta gracilis (Pisces: Cyprinidae) in the Tajan River of Iran. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:3465-78. [PMID: 24065685 DOI: 10.4238/2013.september.10.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of the Shahid-Rajaei dam, 14 years after its construction, on morphometric and genetic divergence between up- and downstream populations of the Iranian fish Siah-Mahi (Capoeta capoeta gracilis). Sixty-six specimens were analyzed. There were significant differences between the 2 groups in the means of 16 morphometric characters (univariate analysis). In discriminant function analysis, the proportion of individuals classified into their original groups was 97 and 100% for up- and downstream populations, respectively. Principal component analysis of morphometric data demonstrated that the up- and downstream samples of Siah-Mahi are clearly distinct. In the genetic analysis, 6 informative primers produced 89 polymorphic bands with 95% polymorphism. In association analysis between morphological and genetic data, 63 of 89 genetic markers were significantly correlated with the 16 morphometric characters. We conclude that these are 2 morphologically and genetically distinct populations of C. c. gracilis, probably due to limited downstream dispersal and elimination of upstream migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Anvarifar
- Department of Fisheries, University of Applied Science and Technology, Golestan, Iran
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Vieira TC, Silva DM, Gigonzac MAD, Ferreira VL, Gonçalves MW, da Cruz AD. Allelic frequencies and statistical data obtained from 15 STR loci in a population of the Goiás State. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:23-7. [PMID: 23359020 DOI: 10.4238/2013.january.16.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Due to the miscegenation of the Brazilian population, the central region of Brazil was colonized by internal migration of individuals from different origins, who contributed to the genetic diversity existing in this population. The purpose of this study was to estimate population parameters based on the allele frequencies for 15 polymorphic autosomal short-tandem repeat (STR) loci present in the population of the State of Goiás in the central region of Brazil, and to compare the results with those of others from different Brazilian populations. DNA was obtained from a sample of 986 unrelated individuals by a commercial reagent kit and was quantified by spectrometry for later amplification in the thermocycler. These loci, commonly used in forensics and paternity testing, reflected Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in this population. The D18S51 and Penta E loci had the highest number of alleles, while the observed heterozygosity reached the highest rates in FGA (0.920), D7S820 (0.870), and vWA (0.867) markers. Genetic diversity reached the highest levels in Penta E (0.906), Penta D (0.873), and D18S51 (0.860) markers, and the investigated forensic parameters showed high average values, with 93% power of discrimination, polymorphism information content of 78%, gene diversity of 79%, and observed heterozygosity of 79%. Similar to the other populations of Brazil, the population of the Midwest is derived from the admixture of 3 main parental groups: Amerindian, European, particularly Portuguese, and Africans from sub-Saharan Africa. In this context, the overall distribution of allele frequencies in the STR markers of various Brazilian populations is quite similar to the data obtained in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Vieira
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Genética Molecular, Secretaria do Estado de Saúde de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
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Silva DM, Barbosa EA, Wetter NU. Simple and versatile heterodyne whole-field interferometer for phase optics characterization. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:103103. [PMID: 23126747 DOI: 10.1063/1.4757396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A wavefront sensor for thermally induced lens and passive lens characterization based on low-coherence digital speckle interferometry was developed and studied. By illuminating the optical setup with two slightly detuned red diode lasers, whole-field contour interference fringes were generated according to the resulting synthetic wavelength. For fringe pattern visualization the optical setup used the light transmitted through a ground glass plate as object beam. The performance of the sensor was investigated and its versatility was demonstrated by measuring the thermal lens induced in an Er-doped glass sample pumped by a 1.76-W diode laser emitting at 976 nm and by evaluating the wavefront distortion introduced by an ophthalmic progressive lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Silva
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (CNEN-IPEN/SP), CEP 005508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
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Molinos M, Carvalho V, Silva DM, Gama FM. Development of a Hybrid Dextrin Hydrogel Encapsulating Dextrin Nanogel As Protein Delivery System. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:517-27. [DOI: 10.1021/bm2015834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Molinos
- IBB, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering,
Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Vera Carvalho
- IBB, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering,
Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Dina M. Silva
- IBB, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering,
Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Francisco M. Gama
- IBB, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering,
Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Minasi LB, Costa EOA, Silva DM, Melo COA, de Almeida JG, Vieira TC, Silva Júnior RL, Ribeiro CL, da Silva CC, da Cruz AD. Cytogenetic damage in the buccal epithelium of Brazilian aviators occupationally exposed to agrochemicals. Genet Mol Res 2011; 10:3924-9. [PMID: 22194202 DOI: 10.4238/2011.december.12.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The frequency of micronuclei in both buccal cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes is extensively used as a biomarker of chromosomal damage and genome stability in human populations. We examined whether prolonged exposure to complex mixtures of pesticides leads to an increase in cytogenetic damage. The exposed group comprised 50 agricultural aviators, mainly from Central and Southeast regions of Brazil, who had inhaled agrochemicals for more than 10 years without personal protection equipment; the control group consisted of 17 men from the same regions, without indication of exposure to pesticides, There were three times higher frequencies of micronuclei (P < 0.05) and 2.5 times higher frequencies of binucleated cells in the aviators when compared to controls. However, cytotoxic alterations such as broken eggs and karyorrhexis did not present statistically significant differences between the exposed and control groups. Therefore, diverse agrochemicals used to combat pests in agriculture possess genotoxic effects in the oral mucosa of the agricultural pilots, as showed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Minasi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu, Doutorado em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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Silva DM, Zangeronimo MG, Murgas LDS, Rocha LGP, Chaves BR, Pereira BA, Cunha ECP. Addition of IGF-I to storage-cooled boar semen and its effect on sperm quality. Growth Horm IGF Res 2011; 21:325-330. [PMID: 21967820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate in vitro IGF-I treatment during warming of storage-cooled boar semen and its effect on seminal quality parameters and metabolism in spermatic cells. DESIGN Semen samples (n=7) warmed after stored at 15°C for 24 or 72h were divided into four equal parts. Different IGF-I concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 150ng/mL) were added to the semen samples. The samples were incubated at 37°C, and assessments were made after 0 and 120min of incubation. RESULTS For semen samples that were stored for 24h, the addition of IGF-I had no effect (p>0.05) on the total motility and intensity of movements by spermatic cells, osmotic resistance, live:dead cell ratio or total spermatic abnormalities. However, incubation with 150ng/mL IGF-I did decrease glutathione peroxidase activity (p<0.05) and reduce lipid peroxidation after 120min of incubation. For semen samples stored for 72h and incubated with IGF-I for 120min, there was a linear relationship between the IGF-I concentration and the live:dead ratio (p<0.05). There was a quadratic relationship between the IGF-I concentration and both the osmotic resistance (peak results at IGF-I=62.4ng/mL) and glutathione peroxidase activity (peak results at IGF-I=77.8ng/mL). There was no effect on lipid peroxidation (p>0.05) after 120min of incubation. Addition of IGF-I also decreased fructose utilization by spermatic cells regardless of semen storage time (p<0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that IGF-I may be beneficial to semen stored for longer periods of time. Adding 150ng/mL IGF-I improved the quality of semen stored for 24h, and adding 78ng/mL IGF-I improved the quality of semen stored for 72h.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Barbosa EA, Silva DM, Preto AO, Verzini R. Design, construction, and performance of a real-time holographic refractometry prototype for liquid analysis. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:013103. [PMID: 21280812 DOI: 10.1063/1.3523049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The development and the performance of a portable holographic refractometer prototype for liquid measurement employing multimode diode lasers with emission centered at 662 nm as light sources is reported. Due to the multiwavelength character of the holographic recording, a synthetic wavelength was generated, and the diffracted wave intensity was thus modulated as a function of the optical path difference between the reference and the object beams. The transparent test cell containing the liquid was placed at the reference-beam arm of the optical setup, while the contour interferogram generated on the holographic image of a flat object was used for fringe counting. A change ΔL on the liquid column length is proportional to the Δp running fringes on the object image, and from this relation the refractive index of the test liquid was obtained. The holograms were recorded on a photorefractive Bi(12)TiO(20) crystal whether using a single multimode diode laser or by combining two diode lasers. In the latter configuration the synthetic wavelength can be varied in order to enhance the measurement sensitivity and∕or to allow the analysis of turbid liquids. The size of the whole prototype is 54 × 22 × 14 cm(3). The refractive indexes of ethanol∕water mixtures with different concentrations were measured, as well as the NaCl concentrations in aqueous solutions were determined upon comparison with an empirical curve. In both cases the results were compared with the ones obtained through an Abbe refractometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Barbosa
- Laboratório de Óptica Aplicada, Faculdade de Tecnologia de São Paulo, CEETEPS-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Abstract
Specific genotypes appear to be related to the development of thyroid disease. We examined whether polymorphisms of the genes CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and TP53 at codon 72 are associated with increased risk for thyroid nodules. Blood samples were obtained from 122 thyroid patients with nodules and from 134 healthy control individuals from Goiânia city, GO, Brazil. We found no significant association of CYP1A1m1 and CYP1A1m2 genotypes with thyroid diseases (P > 0.05). The null genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were predominant in patients with nodules, indicating that individuals that possess these genotypes have a predisposition for thyroid disease. The genotype p53Arg Arg was associated with a low risk for thyroid cancer (OR = 0.15; P < 0.0001), indicating that the arginine allele in homozygosis could have a protective effect against carcinogenesis. On the other hand, the p53ArgPro genotype was significantly associated with malignant neoplastic nodules (OR = 3.65; P = 0.001). Interindividual variation in susceptibility to thyroid diseases could provide new perspectives for early diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, indicating which patients with thyroid nodules will benefit from treatment, depending on specific polymorphic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A S Reis
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
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Holzschuh MH, Silva DM, Schapoval EES, Bassani VL. Thermal and photo stability of phenolic constituents of an Achyrocline satureioides spray-dried powder. Pharmazie 2007; 62:902-906. [PMID: 18214340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Thermal and the photo stabilities of an Achyrocline satureioides powder (SDP40) were evaluated in particular concerning the total polyphenol content as well as the main identified constituents quercetin, luteolin, 3-O-methylquercetin and caffeic acid. SDP40 presented good stability for nine months under normal storage conditions of 25 degrees C temperature and 60% relative humidity (RH). In accelerated term testing, 50 degrees C temperature and 90% RH and also in stress testing, 80 degrees C, caffeic acid and a non-identified constituent P3 were the most instable constituents. Luteolin and 3-O-methylquercetin were the most stable constituents. Quercetin presented an unusual behavior, improving its concentration after 1 month at 50 degrees C or 2 days at 80 degrees C exposition, followed by a decrease in its concentration. The hypothesis that this observation is related to the simultaneous decreasing of a non-identified peak P3 or to the hydrolysis of a non-identified precursor as a quercetin heteroside is being investigated. The SDP40 presented good stability against UV-C light when conditioned in amber or transparent containers, but it suffered degradation when stored in open-dishes. In summary, the total polyphenol content remains within acceptable limits of 10% under normal storage conditions for nine months. However, the LC polyphenol analysis demonstrated that the behavior of individual constituents has still to be enlightened.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Holzschuh
- Programa de Pós-graduagdo em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Prado T, Pereira WC, Silva DM, Seki LM, Carvalho APD, Asensi MD. Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in effluents and sludge of a hospital sewage treatment plant. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 46:136-41. [PMID: 17983431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02275.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To detect ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamase)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae present in the effluents and sludge of a hospital sewage treatment plant, evaluating the treatment plant's potential to remove these micro-organisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty samples (crude sewage, UASB reactor effluent, filtered effluent and sludge) were collected in the period from May to December 2006, in order to analyse antimicrobial susceptibility and to check ESBL production, the disc-diffusion and the combined disc methods were used. Total and faecal coliform concentrations were also determined. ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were detected in all samples analysed, representing 46 x 5% of the total strains isolated. Among the non-ESBL-producing strains, 26% were multiresistant and one strain resistant to eight of the nine antimicrobials tested was detected in the treated effluent. CONCLUSIONS The hospital wastewater treatment plant did not show a satisfactory efficacy in removing pathogenic micro-organisms, allowing for the dissemination of multiresistant bacteria into the environment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The inefficacy of hospital wastewater treatment plants can result in routes of dissemination of multiresistant bacteria and their genes of resistance into the environment, thus contaminating water resources, and having serious negative impact on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Prado
- Department of Sanitation and Environmental Health - Public Health National School, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
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Silva DM, Garcia JP, Ribeiro AR, Veronese FJ, Edelweiss MI, Gonçalves LF, Manfro RC. Utility of Biopsy in Kidney Transplants With Delayed Graft Function and Acute Dysfunction. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:376-7. [PMID: 17362734 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Renal biopsy is currently the gold standard to assess the causes of renal allograft dysfunction. In the present study, we prospectively assessed the role of the renal allograft biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of renal allograft dysfunction. Seven hundred and fifteen biopsies were performed in 399 patients. The anatomopathological results in group 1 (delayed graft function) were: 60.4% acute tubular necrosis, 17.6% acute rejection, 4.3% calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and 17.7% other diagnoses; in group 2 (acute graft dysfunction): 42.3% acute rejection, 22% acute tubular necrosis, 8.4% calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and 27.3% other diagnoses. Among patients with delayed graft function, 42.2% of biopsies led to a change in the treatment. In 60.5%, the biopsy of patients with acute dysfunction led to a change in the patient management. In our series, the result of the biopsy disagreed with the clinical diagnosis in 39.6% and 57.7% of cases, respectively. These results demonstrated that renal graft biopsy remains an indispensable tool for the accurate management of kidney transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Silva
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Transplant Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS Medical School, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
Seven outbreaks of acute intoxication from oleander (Nerium oleander) in cattle were reported in Northeast of Brazil. A total of 92 cattle were poisoned by oleander in 7 different herds; 57 animals died (67% of affected cattle). All cases reported here occurred during dry season. Two of the outbreaks resulted from offering oleander triturated and mixed with fodder. In the other cases, accidental ingestion of residual parts of oleander derived from pruning or cutting plants on grazing land were responsible. Clinical signs were diverse; the most common were locomotion disturbances, diarrhoea, depression and sudden death. Postmortem findings varied from no significant lesions to widespread haemorrhage. The presence of oleander leaves in the rumen was noted in all cases. The lack of information about the toxicity of oleanders was the main cause for the accident, which prompt us to stimulate wide divulgation of the common toxic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Soto-Blanco
- Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido, Mossoró, Brazil.
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Castro HC, Silva DM, Craik C, Zingali RB. Structural features of a snake venom thrombin-like enzyme: thrombin and trypsin on a single catalytic platform? Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1547:183-95. [PMID: 11410274 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(01)00177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Lachesis muta thrombin-like enzyme (LM-TL) is a single chain serine protease that shares 38% sequence identity with the serine protease domain of thrombin and also displays similar fibrinogen-clotting activity. In addition, the 228 amino acid residue LM-TL is 52% identical to trypsin, and cleaves chromogenic substrates with similar specificity. Herein we report a three-dimensional (3D) model validated experimentally for LM-TL based on these two homologous proteins of known 3D structure. Spatial modeling of LM-TL reveals a serine protease with a chymotrypsin fold presenting a hydrophobic pocket on its surface, involved in substrate recognition, and an important 90's loop, involved in restricting the LM-TL catalytic site cleft. Docking analysis showed that LM-TL would not form a stable complex with basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and wild-type ecotin since its 90's loop would restrict the access to the catalytic site. LM-TL formed acceptable interactions with fibrinopeptide A and a variant of ecotin; ecotin-TSRR/R in which both the primary and secondary binding sites are mutated Val81Thr, Thr83Ser, Met84Arg, Met85Arg and Asp70Arg. Furthermore, analysis of the primary structures of LM-TL and of the seven snake venom thrombin-like enzymes (SVTLEs) family reveals a subgroup formed by LM-TL, crotalase, and bilineobin, both closely related to thrombin. Therefore, LM-TL provides an initial point to compare SVTLEs with their counterparts, e.g. the mammalian serine proteases, and a basis for the localization of important residues within the little known SVTLEs family.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica-ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Mantelatto FL, Avelar WE, Silva DM, Tomazelli AC, Lopez JL, Shuhama T. Heavy metals in the shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, penaeidae) from Ubatuba Bay, São Paulo, Brazil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1999; 62:152-159. [PMID: 9933312 DOI: 10.1007/s001289900854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F L Mantelatto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes - 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil
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Abstract
The authors analyzed a family in which three descendants presented with adenocarcinoma of the colon. In two of them the presence of colonic adenomatosis was observed. Another family member, a 13-year-old girl, presented with Turcot syndrome, that is, brain tumor associated with colonic adenomatosis. The nature of the hereditary transmission of Turcot syndrome is hence analyzed, discussing whether it happens through an autosomal recessive or a dominant gene. Undoubtedly the family has colonic adenomatosis, a disease considered of autosomal dominant transmission. Based on the clinical observation, the authors suggest that Turcot syndrome may be determined by an autosomal gene with a pleiotropic effect and variable expressivity.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the attitudes of California physicians toward the professional image of physical therapists and to determine the influence of several independent variables on that image. A three-part questionnaire was used to survey the sample of physicians. The first two sections contained attitudinal statements based on criteria representing degrees of professionalism; the third section contained questions on demographic variables. The results indicated that, although the majority of responding physicians viewed physical therapists as possessing all of the criteria denoting professionalism, there was relatively less agreement with the two criteria representing the highest degrees of professionalism-evaluative skills and autonomy of judgment. None of the independent variables influenced physicians' professional image of physical therapists except physician specialty area, in which family practitioners held a significantly higher professional image of physical therapists than did neurosurgeons and orthopedists. The authors suggest further study of other factors that may affect physicians' professional image of physical therapists as well as recommend steps that may be taken to improve the professional image of physical therapists.
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Freitas AM, Francischetti EA, Cardoso MS, Abraham R, Menezes CR, Bruni EJ, Silva DM, Mazza ZC. [Use of verapamil in the control of hypertensive vascular crisis and effects on the urinary sodium and potassium concentrations and plasma renin activity]. Arq Bras Cardiol 1978; 31 Suppl 1:101-4. [PMID: 678160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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de Amorim HV, Silva DM. Relationship between the polyphenol oxidase activity of the coffee beans and the quality of the beverage. Nature 1968; 219:381-2. [PMID: 4969432 DOI: 10.1038/219381a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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