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Zlotnikov ID, Savchenko IV, Kudryashova EV. Fluorescent Probes with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Function for Monitoring the Gelation and Formation of Nanoparticles Based on Chitosan Copolymers. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:401. [PMID: 37623646 PMCID: PMC10455860 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanogel-forming polymers such as chitosan and alginic acid have a number of practical applications in the fields of drug delivery, food technology and agrotechnology as biocompatible, biodegradable polymers. Unlike bulk macrogel formation, which is followed by visually or easily detectable changes and physical parameters, such as viscosity or turbidity, the formation of nanogels is not followed by such changes and is therefore very difficult to track. The counterflow extrusion method (or analogues) enables gel nanoparticle formation for certain polymers, including chitosan and its derivatives. DLS or TEM, which are typically used for their characterization, only allow for the study of the already-formed nanoparticles. Alternatively, one might introduce a fluorescent dye into the gel-forming polymer, with the purpose of monitoring the effect of its microenvironment on the fluorescence spectra. But apparently, this approach does not provide a sufficiently specific signal, as the microenvironment may be affected by a big number of various factors (such as pH changes) including but not limited to gel formation per se. Here, we propose a new approach, based on the FRET effect, which we believe is much more specific and enables the elucidation of nanogel formation process in real time. Tryptophan-Pyrene is suggested as one of the donor-acceptor pairs, yielding the FRET effect when the two compounds are in close proximity to one another. We covalently attached Pyrene (the acceptor) to the chitosan (or PEG-chitosan) polymeric chain. The amount of introduced Pyrene was low enough to produce no significant effect on the properties of the resulting gel nanoparticles, but high enough to detect the FRET effect upon its interaction with Trp. When the Pyr-modified chitosan and Trp are both present in the solution, no FRET effect is observed. But as soon as the gel formation is initiated using the counterflow extrusion method, the FRET effect is easily detectable, manifested in a sharp increase in the fluorescence intensity of the pyrene acceptor and reflecting the gel formation process in real time. Apparently, the gel formation promotes the Trp-Pyr stacking interaction, which is deemed necessary for the FRET effect, and which does not occur in the solution. Further, we observed a similar FRET effect when the chitosan gel formation is a result of the covalent crosslinking of chitosan chains with genipin. Interestingly, using ovalbumin, having numerous Trp exposed on the protein surface instead of individual Trp yields a FRET effect similar to Trp. In all cases, we were able to detect the pH-, concentration- and temperature-dependent behaviors of the polymers as well as the kinetics of the gel formation for both nanogels and macrogels. These findings indicate a broad applicability of FRET-based analysis in biomedical practice, ranging from the optimization of gel formation to the encapsulation of therapeutic agents to food and biomedical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena V. Kudryashova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.D.Z.)
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2
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Plasmonic Biosensing for Label-Free Detection of Two Hallmarks of Cancer Cells: Cell-Matrix Interaction and Cell Division. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090674. [PMID: 36140059 PMCID: PMC9496138 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two key features of cancer cells are sustained proliferation and invasion, which is preceded by a modification of the adhesion properties to the extracellular matrix. Currently, fluorescence-based techniques are mainly used to detect these processes, including flow cytometry and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy. We have previously described a simple, fast and label-free method based on a gold nanohole array biosensor to detect the spectral response of single cells, which is highly dependent on the actin cortex. Here we used this biosensor to study two cellular processes where configuration of the actin cortex plays an essential role: cell cycle and cell–matrix adhesion. Colorectal cancer cells were maintained in culture under different conditions to obtain cells stopped either in G0/G1 (resting cells/cells at the initial steps of cell growth) or G2 (cells undergoing division) phases of the cell cycle. Data from the nanohole array biosensor showed an ability to discriminate between both cell populations. Additionally, cancer cells were monitored with the biosensor during the first 60 min after cells were deposited onto a biosensor coated with fibronectin, an extracellular matrix protein. Spectral changes were detected in the first 20 min and increased over time as the cell–biosensor contact surface increased. Our data show that the nanohole array biosensor provides a label-free and real-time procedure to detect cells undergoing division or changes in cell–matrix interaction in both clinical and research settings.
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Cai C, Sun H, Hu L, Fan Z. Visualization of integrin molecules by fluorescence imaging and techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45:229-257. [PMID: 34219865 PMCID: PMC8249084 DOI: 10.32604/biocell.2021.014338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Integrin molecules are transmembrane αβ heterodimers involved in cell adhesion, trafficking, and signaling. Upon activation, integrins undergo dynamic conformational changes that regulate their affinity to ligands. The physiological functions and activation mechanisms of integrins have been heavily discussed in previous studies and reviews, but the fluorescence imaging techniques -which are powerful tools for biological studies- have not. Here we review the fluorescence labeling methods, imaging techniques, as well as Förster resonance energy transfer assays used to study integrin expression, localization, activation, and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cai
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, 06030, USA
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, USA
| | - Liang Hu
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450051, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, 06030, USA
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4
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Hansel CS, Holme MN, Gopal S, Stevens MM. Advances in high-resolution microscopy for the study of intracellular interactions with biomaterials. Biomaterials 2020; 226:119406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Huebsch N. Translational mechanobiology: Designing synthetic hydrogel matrices for improved in vitro models and cell-based therapies. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:97-111. [PMID: 31129361 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic hydrogels have ideal physiochemical properties to serve as reductionist mimics of the extracellular matrix (ECM) for studies on cellular mechanosensing. These studies range from basic observation of correlations between ECM mechanics and cell fate changes to molecular dissection of the underlying mechanisms. Despite intensive work on hydrogels to study mechanobiology, many fundamental questions regarding mechanosensing remain unanswered. In this review, I first discuss historical motivation for studying cellular mechanobiology, and challenges impeding this effort. I next overview recent efforts to engineer hydrogel properties to study cellular mechanosensing. Finally, I focus on in vitro modeling and cell-based therapies as applications of hydrogels that will exploit our ability to create micro-environments with physiologically relevant elasticity and viscoelasticity to control cell biology. These translational applications will not only use our current understanding of mechanobiology but will also bring new tools to study the fundamental problem of how cells sense their mechanical environment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels are an important tool for understanding how our cells can sense their mechanical environment, and to exploit that understanding in regenerative medicine. In the current review, I discuss historical work linking mechanics to cell behavior in vitro, and highlight the role hydrogels played in allowing us to understand how cells monitor mechanical cues. I then highlight potential translational applications of hydrogels with mechanical properties similar to those of the tissues where cells normally reside in our bodies, and discuss how these types of studies can provide clues to help us enhance our understanding of mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Huebsch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, United States.
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6
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Hollett G, Roberts DS, Sewell M, Wensley E, Wagner J, Murray W, Krotz A, Toth B, Vijayakumar V, Sailor MJ. Quantum Ensembles of Silicon Nanoparticles: Discrimination of Static and Dynamic Photoluminescence Quenching Processes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2019; 123:17976-17986. [PMID: 32489514 PMCID: PMC7266134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b04334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Porous silicon photoluminescence is characterized by a broad emission band that displays unusually long (tens to hundreds of micro-seconds), wavelength-dependent emissive lifetimes. The photoluminescence is associated with quantum confinement of excitons in silicon nanocrystallites contained within the porous matrix, and the broad emission spectrum derives from the wide distribution of nanocrystallite sizes in the material. The longer emissive lifetimes in the ensemble of quantum-confined emitters correspond to the larger nanocrystallites, with their longer wavelengths of emission. The quenching of this photoluminescence by aromatic, redox-active molecules aminochrome (AMC), dopamine, adrenochrome, sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate, benzyl viologen dichloride, methyl viologen dichloride hydrate, and ethyl viologen dibromide is studied, and dynamic and static quenching mechanisms are distinguished by the emission lifetime analysis. Because of the dependence of the emission lifetime on emission wavelength from the silicon nanocrystallite ensemble, a pronounced blue shift is observed in the steady-state emission spectrum upon exposure to dynamic-type quenchers. Conversely, static-type quenching systems show uniform quenching across all emission wavelengths. Thus, the difference between static and dynamic quenching mechanisms is readily distinguished by ratiometric photoluminescence spectroscopy. The application of this concept to imaging of AMC, the oxidized form of the neurotransmitter dopamine that is of interest for its role in neurodegenerative diseases, is demonstrated. It is found that static electron acceptors result in no ratiometric contrast, while AMC shows a strong contrast, allowing ready visualization in a 2-D imaging experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Hollett
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - David S. Roberts
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mollie Sewell
- Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Emma Wensley
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Julia Wagner
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - William Murray
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Alex Krotz
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Bryan Toth
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vibha Vijayakumar
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Michael J. Sailor
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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7
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Ungai-Salánki R, Peter B, Gerecsei T, Orgovan N, Horvath R, Szabó B. A practical review on the measurement tools for cellular adhesion force. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 269:309-333. [PMID: 31128462 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions are fundamental in all multicellular organisms. They play a key role in cellular growth, differentiation, pattern formation and migration. Cell-cell adhesion is substantial in the immune response, pathogen-host interactions, and tumor development. The success of tissue engineering and stem cell implantations strongly depends on the fine control of live cell adhesion on the surface of natural or biomimetic scaffolds. Therefore, the quantitative and precise measurement of the adhesion strength of living cells is critical, not only in basic research but in modern technologies, too. Several techniques have been developed or are under development to quantify cell adhesion. All of them have their pros and cons, which has to be carefully considered before the experiments and interpretation of the recorded data. Current review provides a guide to choose the appropriate technique to answer a specific biological question or to complete a biomedical test by measuring cell adhesion.
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8
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Chen S, Imoukhuede PI. Multiplexing Angiogenic Receptor Quantification via Quantum Dots. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7603-7612. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - P. I. Imoukhuede
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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9
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Cui S, Yu L, Ding J. Thermogelling of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers in Water: ABA Type versus AB or BAB Type. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuquan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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10
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Zhu J, Qiao M, Wang Q, Ye Y, Ba S, Ma J, Hu H, Zhao X, Chen D. Dual-responsive polyplexes with enhanced disassembly and endosomal escape for efficient delivery of siRNA. Biomaterials 2018; 162:47-59. [PMID: 29432988 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the extracellular barriers for siRNA delivery have been overcome by utilizing advanced nanoparticle delivery systems, the key intracellular barriers after internalization including efficient disassembly of siRNA and endosomal escape still remains challenging. To address the issues, we developed a unique pH- and redox potential-responsive polyplex delivery system based on the copolymer of mPEG-b-PLA-PHis-ssPEI1.8 k, which is composed of a pH-responsive copolymer of PEG-b-PLA-PHis (Mw 5 k) and a branched PEI (Mw1.8 k) linked with redox cleavable disulfide bond. The copolymer showed excellent siRNA complexation and protection abilities against endogenous substances at the relatively low N/P ratio of 6. The siRNA release from the polyplexes (N/P 6) was markedly increased from 13.62% to 58.67% under conditions simulating the endosomal microenvironment. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) test also indicated a higher disassembly extent of siRNA from the copolymer. The accelerated siRNA release from the polyplexes was markedly restrained when the N/P ratio was raised above 10 due to the increasing of electrostatic interactions. The efficient endosomal escape of siRNA after internalization was confirmed by confocal microscopy, which was attributed to the cleavaged PEI chains inducing membrane destabilization, the "proton sponge effect" of PHis and PEI as well as the relative small size of after disassembly. The enhanced disassembly and endosomal escape were elucidated as the leading cause for polyplexes (N/P 6) showed more efficient Bcl-2 silencing (85.45%) than those polyplexes with higher N/P ratios (N/P 10 and 15). In vivo results further demonstrated that polyplexes (N/P 6) delivery of siBcl-2 significantly inhibited the MCF-7 breast tumor growth as compared to its counterparts. The incorporation of convertible non-electrical interactions at a balance with electrostatic interactions in complexation siRNA has been demonstrated as an effective strategy to achieve efficient disassembly from stable polyplexes. Moreover, polyplexes equipped with the enhanced disassembly and endosomal escape provides a new potential way to tackle the intracellular delivery bottleneck for siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Mingxi Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Yuqing Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Shuang Ba
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Dawei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, P.O. Box 42, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
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11
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Olubamiji AD, Zhu N, Chang T, Nwankwo CK, Izadifar Z, Honaramooz A, Chen X, Eames BF. Traditional Invasive and Synchrotron-Based Noninvasive Assessments of Three-Dimensional-Printed Hybrid Cartilage Constructs In Situ. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:156-168. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2016.0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adeola D. Olubamiji
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ning Zhu
- Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Tuanjie Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Zohreh Izadifar
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ali Honaramooz
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - B. Frank Eames
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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12
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A gene delivery system containing nuclear localization signal: Increased nucleus import and transfection efficiency with the assistance of RanGAP1. Acta Biomater 2017; 48:215-226. [PMID: 27816620 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present report, a degradable gene delivery system (PAMS/DNA/10NLS) containing nucleus location signal peptide (NLS) was prepared. The agarose gel electrophoresis, particle size and zeta potential of PAMS/DNA/10NLS were similar to those of PAMS/DNA, which proved that NLS did not affect the interaction between PAMS and DNA. PAMS/DNA/10NLS exhibited marked extracellular and intracellular degradation under acidic conditions. The degradation was believed to allow NLS to come into contact with importins easily, which was able to mediate the nucleus import. With the help of NLS, PAMS/DNA/10NLS exhibited a higher transfection capability than PAMS/DNA. Moreover, the transfection of PAMS/DNA/10NLS was less dependent on the breakdown of the nucleus envelope than PAMS/DNA. Considering that GTPase-activating protein 1 (RanGAP1) was able to activate the endogenous GTPase, which was necessary for NLS-mediated nucleus import, RanGAP1 overexpressed cells (RanGAP1 cells) were produced. This result showed that RanGAP1 cells had higher GTPase activities than normal cells. Both the nucleus import and transfection efficiency of PAMS/DNA/10NLS were markedly higher in RanGAP1 cells than that in normal cells. The in vivo transfection results also showed that the transfection efficiency of PAMS/DNA/10NLS was higher in RanGAP1 pre-treated mice than that in normal mice. These findings showed that PAMS/DNA/10NLS is a promising gene delivery system with the assistance of RanGAP1. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The present report describes the increased transfection efficiency of a degradable gene delivery system (PAMS/DNA/10NLS) containing nuclear location signal (NLS) with the assistance of GTPase-activating protein 1 (RanGAP1). The physicochemical properties of PAMS/DNA/10NLS were similar to those of PAMS/DNA. PAMS/DNA/10NLS exhibited great extracellular and intracellular degradations, which might allow NLS to contact with importins easily. With the help of NLS, PAMS/DNA/10NLS exhibited a higher transfection capability than PAMS/DNA. The transfection of PAMS/DNA/10NLS had less dependence on the breakdown of nuclear envelope. Both the nuclear import and transfection efficiency of PAMS/DNA/10NLS were higher in RanGAP1 overexpressed cells than that in normal cells. Moreover, the transfection efficiency of PAMS/DNA/10NLS was higher in RanGAP1 pre-treated mice than that in normal mice.
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13
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Hendrikse SIS, Wijnands SPW, Lafleur RPM, Pouderoijen MJ, Janssen HM, Dankers PYW, Meijer EW. Controlling and tuning the dynamic nature of supramolecular polymers in aqueous solutions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2279-2282. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc10046e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Structural and kinetic exchange properties of supramolecular polymers composed of mono- and bivalent ureidopyrimidinone-based monomers are investigated in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone I. S. Hendrikse
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Sjors P. W. Wijnands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - René P. M. Lafleur
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Patricia Y. W. Dankers
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
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14
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Wasin T, Enomoto K, Sakurai T, Padalkar VS, Cheng HL, Tang MT, Horio A, Sakamaki D, Omichi M, Saeki A, Kikuchi K, Hori Y, Chiba A, Saito Y, Kamiya T, Sugimoto M, Seki S. Fabrication of “Clickable” Polyfluorene Nanowires with High Aspect Ratio as Biological Sensing Platforms. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuchinda Wasin
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Enomoto
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Vikas S. Padalkar
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hoi Lok Cheng
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Michael T. Tang
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akifumi Horio
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakamaki
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masaaki Omichi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hori
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsuya Chiba
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Yuichi Saito
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Tomihiro Kamiya
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Masaki Sugimoto
- Quantum
Beam Science
Research Directorate (QuBS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological
Science and Technology (QST), 1233,
Watanuki-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- International
College, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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15
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Olubamiji AD, Izadifar Z, Zhu N, Chang T, Chen X, Eames BF. Using synchrotron radiation inline phase-contrast imaging computed tomography to visualize three-dimensional printed hybrid constructs for cartilage tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:802-812. [PMID: 27140161 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577516002344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron radiation inline phase-contrast imaging combined with computed tomography (SR-inline-PCI-CT) offers great potential for non-invasive characterization and three-dimensional visualization of fine features in weakly absorbing materials and tissues. For cartilage tissue engineering, the biomaterials and any associated cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) that is secreted over time are difficult to image using conventional absorption-based imaging techniques. For example, three-dimensional printed polycaprolactone (PCL)/alginate/cell hybrid constructs have low, but different, refractive indices and thicknesses. This paper presents a study on the optimization and utilization of inline-PCI-CT for visualizing the components of three-dimensional printed PCL/alginate/cell hybrid constructs for cartilage tissue engineering. First, histological analysis using Alcian blue staining and immunofluorescent staining assessed the secretion of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) and collagen type II (Col2) in the cell-laden hybrid constructs over time. Second, optimization of inline PCI-CT was performed by investigating three sample-to-detector distances (SDD): 0.25, 1 and 3 m. Then, the optimal SDD was utilized to visualize structural changes in the constructs over a 42-day culture period. The results showed that there was progressive secretion of cartilage-specific ECM by ATDC5 cells in the hybrid constructs over time. An SDD of 3 m provided edge-enhancement fringes that enabled simultaneous visualization of all components of hybrid constructs in aqueous solution. Structural changes that might reflect formation of ECM also were evident in SR-inline-PCI-CT images. Summarily, SR-inline-PCI-CT images captured at the optimized SDD enables visualization of the different components in hybrid cartilage constructs over a 42-day culture period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola D Olubamiji
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A9
| | - Zohreh Izadifar
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A9
| | - Ning Zhu
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 2V3
| | - Tuanjie Chang
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5E5
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A9
| | - B Frank Eames
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A9
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Combined use of optical spectroscopy and computational methods to study the binding and the photoinduced conformational modification of proteins when NMR and X-ray structural determinations are not an option. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016. [PMID: 24018324 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416596-0.00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The functions of proteins depend on their interactions with various ligands and these interactions are controlled by the structure of the polypeptides. If one can manipulate the structure of proteins, their functions can in principle be modulated. The issue of protein structure-function relationship is not only a central problem in biophysics, but is becoming clear that the ability to "artificially" modify the structure of proteins could be relevant in fields beyond the biomedical area to provide, for instance, light responses in proteins which would not possess such properties in their native state. This chapter presents an overview of the combination of optical electronic and vibrational spectroscopy with various computational methods to investigate the binding between photoactive ligands and proteins.
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Yannas IV, Tzeranis D, So PT. Surface biology of collagen scaffold explains blocking of wound contraction and regeneration of skin and peripheral nerves. Biomed Mater 2015; 11:014106. [PMID: 26694657 PMCID: PMC5775477 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/1/014106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We review the details of preparation and of the recently elucidated mechanism of biological (regenerative) activity of a collagen scaffold (dermis regeneration template, DRT) that has induced regeneration of skin and peripheral nerves (PN) in a variety of animal models and in the clinic. DRT is a 3D protein network with optimized pore size in the range 20-125 µm, degradation half-life 14 ± 7 d and ligand densities that exceed 200 µM α1β1 or α2β1 ligands. The pore has been optimized to allow migration of contractile cells (myofibroblasts, MFB) into the scaffold and to provide sufficient specific surface for cell-scaffold interaction; the degradation half-life provides the required time window for satisfactory binding interaction of MFB with the scaffold surface; and the ligand density supplies the appropriate ligands for specific binding of MFB on the scaffold surface. A dramatic change in MFB phenotype takes place following MFB-scaffold binding which has been shown to result in blocking of wound contraction. In both skin wounds and PN wounds the evidence has shown clearly that contraction blocking by DRT is followed by induction of regeneration of nearly perfect organs. The biologically active structure of DRT is required for contraction blocking; well-matched collagen scaffold controls of DRT, with structures that varied from that of DRT, have failed to induce regeneration. Careful processing of collagen scaffolds is required for adequate biological activity of the scaffold surface. The newly understood mechanism provides a relatively complete paradigm of regenerative medicine that can be used to prepare scaffolds that may induce regeneration of other organs in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Yannas
- Departments of Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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18
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Fonseca KB, Granja PL, Barrias CC. Engineering proteolytically-degradable artificial extracellular matrices. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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19
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Zeug A, Stawarski M, Bieganska K, Korotchenko S, Wlodarczyk J, Dityatev A, Ponimaskin E. Current microscopic methods for the neural ECM analysis. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2014; 214:287-312. [PMID: 25410363 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63486-3.00013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) occupies the space between both neurons and glial cells and thus provides a microenvironment that regulates multiple aspects of neural activities. Because of the vital role of ECM as a natural environment of cells in vivo, there is a growing interest to develop methodology allowing for the detailed structural and functional analyses of ECM. In this chapter, we provide the detailed overview of current microscopic methods used for ECM analysis and also describe general labeling strategies for ECM visualization. Since ECM remodeling involves the proteolytic cleavage of ECM, we will also describe current experimental approaches to image the proteolytic reorganization and/or degradation of ECM. The special focus of this chapter is set to the application of Förster resonance energy transfer-based approaches to monitor intracellular and extracellular matrix functions with high spatiotemporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Zeug
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michal Stawarski
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Svetlana Korotchenko
- Laboratory for Brain Extracellular Matrix Research, University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy; Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Jakub Wlodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- Laboratory for Brain Extracellular Matrix Research, University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy; Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy; Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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20
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Cedola A, Campi G, Pelliccia D, Bukreeva I, Fratini M, Burghammer M, Rigon L, Arfelli F, Chang Chen R, Dreossi D, Sodini N, Mohammadi S, Tromba G, Cancedda R, Mastrogiacomo M. Three dimensional visualization of engineered bone and soft tissue by combined x-ray micro-diffraction and phase contrast tomography. Phys Med Biol 2013; 59:189-201. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/1/189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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21
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Petkau-Milroy K, Sonntag MH, Colditz A, Brunsveld L. Multivalent protein assembly using monovalent self-assembling building blocks. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21189-201. [PMID: 24152447 PMCID: PMC3821665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141021189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Discotic molecules, which self-assemble in water into columnar supramolecular polymers, emerged as an alternative platform for the organization of proteins. Here, a monovalent discotic decorated with one single biotin was synthesized to study the self-assembling multivalency of this system in regard to streptavidin. Next to tetravalent streptavidin, monovalent streptavidin was used to study the protein assembly along the supramolecular polymer in detail without the interference of cross-linking. Upon self-assembly of the monovalent biotinylated discotics, multivalent proteins can be assembled along the supramolecular polymer. The concentration of discotics, which influences the length of the final polymers at the same time dictates the amount of assembled proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Petkau-Milroy
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5612AZ, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (K.P.-M.); (M.H.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Michael H. Sonntag
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5612AZ, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (K.P.-M.); (M.H.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexander Colditz
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5612AZ, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (K.P.-M.); (M.H.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven 5612AZ, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (K.P.-M.); (M.H.S.); (A.C.)
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22
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Kharkar PM, Kiick KL, Kloxin AM. Designing degradable hydrogels for orthogonal control of cell microenvironments. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:7335-72. [PMID: 23609001 PMCID: PMC3762890 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60040h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Degradable and cell-compatible hydrogels can be designed to mimic the physical and biochemical characteristics of native extracellular matrices and provide tunability of degradation rates and related properties under physiological conditions. Hence, such hydrogels are finding widespread application in many bioengineering fields, including controlled bioactive molecule delivery, cell encapsulation for controlled three-dimensional culture, and tissue engineering. Cellular processes, such as adhesion, proliferation, spreading, migration, and differentiation, can be controlled within degradable, cell-compatible hydrogels with temporal tuning of biochemical or biophysical cues, such as growth factor presentation or hydrogel stiffness. However, thoughtful selection of hydrogel base materials, formation chemistries, and degradable moieties is necessary to achieve the appropriate level of property control and desired cellular response. In this review, hydrogel design considerations and materials for hydrogel preparation, ranging from natural polymers to synthetic polymers, are overviewed. Recent advances in chemical and physical methods to crosslink hydrogels are highlighted, as well as recent developments in controlling hydrogel degradation rates and modes of degradation. Special attention is given to spatial or temporal presentation of various biochemical and biophysical cues to modulate cell response in static (i.e., non-degradable) or dynamic (i.e., degradable) microenvironments. This review provides insight into the design of new cell-compatible, degradable hydrogels to understand and modulate cellular processes for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathamesh M. Kharkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA . ;
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA . ;
- Biomedical Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA . ;
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , DE 19716 , USA
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23
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Abstract
Cell microencapsulation is based on the immobilization of cells for continuous release of therapeutics. This approach has been tested in the treatment of many diseases and several clinical trials have been performed. Factors such as the choice of cells to be encapsulated, the biomaterial used, and the procedure for carrying out the capsules are important issues when implementing this technology.This book chapter makes a comprehensive description of alginate, the most frequently employed biomaterial, passing by its structure, the extraction and treatment, and finishing with the process of gelation. It also describes the various modifications that can be carried out to allow the interaction between the alginate and the integrin receptors of encapsulated cells. The main microencapsulation technologies are presented as well as how 100 μm alginate-Poly-L-Lysine-alginate microcapsules can be fabricated with Flow-focusing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pello Sánchez
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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24
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Acarregui A, Murua A, Pedraz JL, Orive G, Hernández RM. A Perspective on Bioactive Cell Microencapsulation. BioDrugs 2012; 26:283-301. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03261887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Lee L, Johnston APR, Caruso F. Probing the dynamic nature of DNA multilayer films using Förster resonance energy transfer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12527-12535. [PMID: 22889012 DOI: 10.1021/la302587t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
DNA films are of interest for use in a number of areas, including sensing, diagnostics, and as drug/gene delivery carriers. The specific base pairing of DNA materials can be used to manipulate their architecture and degradability. The programmable nature of these materials leads to complex and unexpected structures that can be formed from solution assembly. Herein, we investigate the structure of DNA multilayer films using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The DNA films are assembled on silica particles by depositing alternating layers of homopolymeric diblocks (polyA(15)G(15) and polyT(15)C(15)) with fluorophore (polyA(15)G(15)-TAMRA) and quencher (polyT(15)C(15)-BHQ2) layers incorporated at predesigned locations throughout the films. Our results show that DNA films are dynamic structures that undergo rearrangement. This occurs when the multilayer films are perturbed during new layer formation through hybridization but can also take place spontaneously when left over time. These films are anticipated to be useful in drug delivery applications and sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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26
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Chen G, Song F, Wang J, Yang Z, Sun S, Fan J, Qiang X, Wang X, Dou B, Peng X. FRET spectral unmixing: a ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for hypochlorite. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2949-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17617c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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27
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Traina CA, Bakus RC, Bazan GC. Design and synthesis of monofunctionalized, water-soluble conjugated polymers for biosensing and imaging applications. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12600-7. [PMID: 21751809 DOI: 10.1021/ja202877q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble conjugated polymers with controlled molecular weight characteristics, absence of ionic groups, high emission quantum yields, and end groups capable of selective reactions of wide scope are desirable for improving their performance in various applications and, in particular, fluorescent biosensor schemes. The synthesis of such a structure is described herein. 2-Bromo-7-iodofluorene with octakis(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether chains at the 9,9'-positions, i.e., compound 4, was prepared as the reactive premonomer. A high-yielding synthesis of the organometallic initiator (dppe)Ni(Ph)Br (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) was designed and implemented, and the resulting product was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Polymerization of 4 by (dppe)Ni(Ph)Br can be carried out in less than 30 s, affording excellent control over the average molecular weight and polydispersity of the product. Quenching of the polymerization with [2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]magnesium bromide yields silylacetylene-terminated water-soluble poly(fluorene) with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency of 80%. Desilylation, followed by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction, yields a straightforward route to introduce a wide range of specific end group functionalities. Biotin was used as an example. The resulting biotinylated conjugated polymer binds to streptavidin and acts as a light-harvesting chromophore to optically amplify the emission of Alexa Fluor-488 chromophores bound onto the streptavidin. Furthermore, the biotin end group makes it possible to bind the polymer onto streptavidin-functionalized cross-linked agarose beads and thereby incorporate a large number of optically active segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Traina
- Department of Materials and Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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28
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Intracellularly monitoring/imaging the release of doxorubicin from pH-responsive nanoparticles using Förster resonance energy transfer. Biomaterials 2011; 32:2586-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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Sahoo H. Förster resonance energy transfer – A spectroscopic nanoruler: Principle and applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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30
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Kim SH, Ou M, Bull DA, Kim SW. Reductive degradation behavior of bioreducible poly(disulfide amine) for enhancing SiRNA efficiency. Macromol Biosci 2011; 10:898-905. [PMID: 20437407 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200900482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bioreducible cationic polymer poly(CBA-DAH) containing repeated disulfide linkages on the polymer backbone was synthesized through Michael-type polyadditions of CBA to DAH monomers. Poly(CBA-DAH) could spontaneously form nanoscale polyelectrolyte complexes through electrostatic interactions with siRNA in an aqueous phase. These nanoparticles were rapidly degraded under the reductive cytoplasmic environment with subsequently releasing the siRNA cargo into the cytoplasm where RNAi takes place, as a result of the breakdown of disulfide bonds in the polymers. The reductive degradation behavior of the poly(CBA-DAH)/siRNA polyplexes is more likely to increase RNAi activity with enhancing the cytoplasmic localization of siRNA molecules. Poly(CBA-DAH) may have great potential as a gene carrier especially for therapeutic applications of siRNAs owing to the reductive degradation characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hwa Kim
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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31
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Wang L, Li C. pH responsive fluorescence nanoprobe imaging of tumors by sensing the acidic microenvironment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm12072g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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Tzeranis DS, Roy A, So PTC, Yannas IV. An optical method to quantify the density of ligands for cell adhesion receptors in three-dimensional matrices. J R Soc Interface 2010; 7 Suppl 5:S649-61. [PMID: 20671067 PMCID: PMC3024575 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2010.0321.focus] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The three-dimensional matrix that surrounds cells is an important insoluble regulator of cell phenotypes. Examples of such insoluble surfaces are the extracellular matrix (ECM), ECM analogues and synthetic polymeric biomaterials. Cell-matrix interactions are mediated by cell adhesion receptors that bind to chemical entities (adhesion ligands) on the surface of the matrix. There are currently no established methods to obtain quantitative estimates of the density of adhesion ligands recognized by specific cell adhesion receptors. This article presents a new optical-based methodology for measuring ligands of adhesion receptors on three-dimensional matrices. The study also provides preliminary quantitative results for the density of adhesion ligands of integrins alpha(1)beta(1) and alpha(2)beta(1) on the surface of collagen-based scaffolds, similar to biomaterials that are used clinically to induce regeneration in injured skin and peripheral nerves. Preliminary estimates of the surface density of the ligands of these two major collagen-binding receptors are 5775 +/- 2064 ligands microm(-2) for ligands of alpha(1)beta(1) and 17 084 +/- 5353 ligands microm(-2) for ligands of alpha(2)beta(1). The proposed methodology can be used to quantify the surface chemistry of insoluble surfaces that possess biological activity, such as native tissue ECM and biomaterials, and therefore can be used in cell biology, biomaterials science and regenerative medical studies for quantitative description of a matrix and its effects on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios S. Tzeranis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Amit Roy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Peter T. C. So
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ioannis V. Yannas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Xu P, Bajaj G, Shugg T, Van Alstine WG, Yeo Y. Zwitterionic chitosan derivatives for pH-sensitive stealth coating. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:2352-8. [PMID: 20695636 PMCID: PMC2941802 DOI: 10.1021/bm100481r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Zwitterionic chitosan, a chitosan derivative with a unique pH-dependent charge profile, was employed to create a stealth coating on the cationic surface of drug carriers. Zwitterionic chitosans were synthesized by amidation of chitosan with succinic anhydride. The succinic anhydride-conjugated chitosan had an isoelectric point, which could be easily tuned from pH 4.9 to 7.1 and showed opposite charges below and above the isoelectric point. The succinic anhydride-conjugated chitosan was able to inhibit the protein adsorption to the cationic surface at physiological pH, compatible with blood components and well tolerated upon intraperitoneal injection. The succinic anhydride-conjugated chitosan has the potential to serve as a coating material to prevent protein adsorption to cationic surfaces, which can be removed in a pH-responsive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisheng Xu
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Gaurav Bajaj
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tyler Shugg
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - William G. Van Alstine
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 725 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Huebsch N, Arany PR, Mao AS, Shvartsman D, Ali OA, Bencherif SA, Rivera-Feliciano J, Mooney DJ. Harnessing traction-mediated manipulation of the cell/matrix interface to control stem-cell fate. NATURE MATERIALS 2010; 9:518-26. [PMID: 20418863 PMCID: PMC2919753 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1102] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells sense and respond to the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix. However, both the extent to which extracellular-matrix mechanics affect stem-cell fate in three-dimensional microenvironments and the underlying biophysical mechanisms are unclear. We demonstrate that the commitment of mesenchymal stem-cell populations changes in response to the rigidity of three-dimensional microenvironments, with osteogenesis occurring predominantly at 11-30 kPa. In contrast to previous two-dimensional work, however, cell fate was not correlated with morphology. Instead, matrix stiffness regulated integrin binding as well as reorganization of adhesion ligands on the nanoscale, both of which were traction dependent and correlated with osteogenic commitment of mesenchymal stem-cell populations. These findings suggest that cells interpret changes in the physical properties of adhesion substrates as changes in adhesion-ligand presentation, and that cells themselves can be harnessed as tools to mechanically process materials into structures that feed back to manipulate their fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Huebsch
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Santos E, Zarate J, Orive G, Hernández RM, Pedraz JL. Biomaterials in Cell Microencapsulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 670:5-21. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5786-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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36
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Ma S, Mu J, Qu Y, Jiang L. Effect of refluxed silver nanoparticles on inhibition and enhancement of enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Gene delivery through the use of a hyaluronate-associated intracellularly degradable crosslinked polyethyleneimine. Biomaterials 2009; 30:5834-43. [PMID: 19631979 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For a non-viral gene delivery system to be clinically effective, it should be non-toxic, compatible with biological components, and highly efficient in gene transfection. With this goal in mind, we investigated the gene delivery efficiency of a ternary complex consisting of DNA, an intracellularly degradable polycation, and sodium hyaluronate (DPH complex). Here, we report that the DPH ternary complex achieved significantly higher transfection efficiency than other polymer systems, especially in the presence of serum. The high transfection efficiency and serum tolerance of DPH are attributed to a unique interplay between CLPEI and HA, which leads to (i) the improved stability of DNA in the extracellular environment and at the early stage of intracellular trafficking and (ii) timely dissociation of the DNA-polymer complex. This study reinforces findings of earlier studies that emphasized each step as a bottleneck for efficient gene delivery; yet, it is the first to show that it is possible to overcome these obstacles simultaneously by taking advantage of two distinctive approaches.
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Madeira C, Estrela N, Ferreira JAB, Andrade SM, Costa SMB, Melo EP. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer from cyan to yellow fluorescent protein validates a novel method to cluster proteins on solid surfaces. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2009; 14:044035. [PMID: 19725746 DOI: 10.1117/1.3210770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel method to distribute proteins on solid surfaces is proposed. Proteins microencapsulated in the water pool of reverse micelles were used to coat a solid surface with well-individualized round spots of 1 to 3 microm in diameter. The number of spots per unit area can be increased through the concentration of reverse micelles, and networks of spots were obtained at high concentrations of large reverse micelles. Moreover, depending on the pool size of the water reverse micelles, proteins can be deposited far from each other or in close proximity within the range of 50 to 70 A. This proximity obtained with small reverse micelles was proved through fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FLIM-FRET) measurements for the most relevant FRET pair in cell biology studies, the cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins. This novel procedure has several advantages and reveals the potential for study of protein-protein interactions on solid surfaces and for developing novel biomaterials and molecular devices based on biorecognition elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Madeira
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Av Rovisco Pais, Lisbon, 1049-001, Portugal
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39
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Andrews DL, Leeder JM. Resonance energy transfer: When a dipole fails. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:184504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3131168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Sohn JH, Kim KH, Lee HY, No ZS, Ihee H. Initial Catalyst−Substrate Association Step in Enyne Metathesis Catalyzed by Grubbs Ruthenium Complex Probed by Time-Dependent Fluorescence Quenching. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:16506-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja807717s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Sohn
- Institut Pasteur Korea, Seoul, Korea, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry (BK21), KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Institut Pasteur Korea, Seoul, Korea, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry (BK21), KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hee-Yoon Lee
- Institut Pasteur Korea, Seoul, Korea, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry (BK21), KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Zae Sung No
- Institut Pasteur Korea, Seoul, Korea, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry (BK21), KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyotcherl Ihee
- Institut Pasteur Korea, Seoul, Korea, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry (BK21), KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
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Roda A, Guardigli M, Michelini E, Mirasoli M. Nanobioanalytical luminescence: Förster-type energy transfer methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 393:109-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Wang Y, Shyy JYJ, Chien S. Fluorescence proteins, live-cell imaging, and mechanobiology: seeing is believing. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2008; 10:1-38. [PMID: 18647110 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bioeng.010308.161731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence proteins (FPs) have been widely used for live-cell imaging in the past decade. This review summarizes the recent advances in FP development and imaging technologies using FPs to monitor molecular localization and activities and gene expressions in live cells. We also discuss the utilization of FPs to develop molecular biosensors and the principles and application of advanced technologies such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI). We present examples of the application of FPs and biosensors to visualize mechanotransduction events with high spatiotemporal resolutions in live cells. These live-cell imaging technologies, which represent a frontier area in biomedical engineering, can shed new light on the mechanisms regulating mechanobiology at cellular and molecular levels in normal and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxiao Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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43
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3D imaging of tissue integration with porous biomaterials. Biomaterials 2008; 29:3757-61. [PMID: 18635260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Porous biomaterials designed to support cellular infiltration and tissue formation play a critical role in implant fixation and engineered tissue repair. The purpose of this Leading Opinion Paper is to advocate the use of high resolution 3D imaging techniques as a tool to quantify extracellular matrix formation and vascular ingrowth within porous biomaterials and objectively compare different strategies for functional tissue regeneration. An initial over-reliance on qualitative evaluation methods may have contributed to the false perception that developing effective tissue engineering technologies would be relatively straightforward. Moreover, the lack of comparative studies with quantitative metrics in challenging pre-clinical models has made it difficult to determine which of the many available strategies to invest in or use clinically for companies and clinicians, respectively. This paper will specifically illustrate the use of microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) imaging with and without contrast agents to nondestructively quantify the formation of bone, cartilage, and vasculature within porous biomaterials.
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Zhang H, Liu KK. Optical tweezers for single cells. J R Soc Interface 2008; 5:671-90. [PMID: 18381254 PMCID: PMC2408388 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2008.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical tweezers (OT) have emerged as an essential tool for manipulating single biological cells and performing sophisticated biophysical/biomechanical characterizations. Distinct advantages of using tweezers for these characterizations include non-contact force for cell manipulation, force resolution as accurate as 100aN and amiability to liquid medium environments. Their wide range of applications, such as transporting foreign materials into single cells, delivering cells to specific locations and sorting cells in microfluidic systems, are reviewed in this article. Recent developments of OT for nanomechanical characterization of various biological cells are discussed in terms of both their theoretical and experimental advancements. The future trends of employing OT in single cells, especially in stem cell delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, are prospected. More importantly, current limitations and future challenges of OT for these new paradigms are also highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kuo-Kang Liu
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele UniversityStoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK
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Abstract
Many cell populations, derived from both adult tissues and embryonic stem cells, show promise for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Although the major effort in stem cell therapies in the past has been identifying potentially therapeutic cells, it is now clear that developing systems to deliver these cells and promote their efficient engraftment will provide an equally challenging task. More sophisticated pretransplantation manipulations and material carriers may dramatically improve the survival, engraftment, and fate control of transplanted stem cells and their ultimate clinical utility.
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46
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Chan G, Mooney DJ. New materials for tissue engineering: towards greater control over the biological response. Trends Biotechnol 2008; 26:382-92. [PMID: 18501452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Revised: 03/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
One goal of tissue engineering is to replace lost or compromised tissue function, and an approach to this is to control the interplay between materials (scaffolds), cells and growth factors to create environments that promote the regeneration of functional tissues and organs. An increased understanding of the chemical signals that direct cell differentiation, migration and proliferation, advances in scaffold design and peptide engineering that allow this signaling to be recapitulated and the development of new materials, such as DNA-based and stimuli-sensitive polymers, have recently given engineers enhanced control over the chemical properties of a material and cell fate. Additionally, the immune system, which is often overlooked, has been shown to play a beneficial role in tissue repair, and future endeavors in material design will potentially expand to include immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Chan
- Harvard University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Daley WP, Peters SB, Larsen M. Extracellular matrix dynamics in development and regenerative medicine. J Cell Sci 2008; 121:255-64. [PMID: 18216330 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.006064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 675] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cell behavior by influencing cell proliferation, survival, shape, migration and differentiation. Far from being a static structure, the ECM is constantly undergoing remodeling--i.e. assembly and degradation--particularly during the normal processes of development, differentiation and wound repair. When misregulated, this can contribute to disease. ECM assembly is regulated by the 3D environment and the cellular tension that is transmitted through integrins. Degradation is controlled by complex proteolytic cascades, and misregulation of these results in ECM damage that is a common component of many diseases. Tissue engineering strives to replace damaged tissues with stem cells seeded on synthetic structures designed to mimic the ECM and thus restore the normal control of cell function. Stem cell self-renewal and differentiation is influenced by the 3D environment within the stem cell niche. For tissue-engineering strategies to be successful, the intimate dynamic relationship between cells and the ECM must be understood to ensure appropriate cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Daley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
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48
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Wang L, Qian B, Chen H, Liu Y, Liang A. A Novel Efficient FRET System: CePO4:Tb3+Nanocrystal as Donor and Rhodamine B Dye as Accepter. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Yeh AT, Gibbs H, Hu JJ, Larson AM. Advances in Nonlinear Optical Microscopy for Visualizing Dynamic Tissue Properties in Culture. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2008; 14:119-31. [DOI: 10.1089/teb.2007.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvin T. Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Staion, Texas
| | - Holly Gibbs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Staion, Texas
| | - Jin-Jia Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Staion, Texas
| | - Adam M. Larson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Staion, Texas
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50
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Stewart ME, Anderton CR, Thompson LB, Maria J, Gray SK, Rogers JA, Nuzzo RG. Nanostructured Plasmonic Sensors. Chem Rev 2008; 108:494-521. [DOI: 10.1021/cr068126n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1995] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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