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Dujardin C, Habeler W, Monville C, Letourneur D, Simon-Yarza T. Advances in the engineering of the outer blood-retina barrier: From in-vitro modelling to cellular therapy. Bioact Mater 2024; 31:151-177. [PMID: 37637086 PMCID: PMC10448242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The outer blood-retina barrier (oBRB), crucial for the survival and the proper functioning of the overlying retinal layers, is disrupted in numerous diseases affecting the retina, leading to the loss of the photoreceptors and ultimately of vision. To study the oBRB and/or its degeneration, many in vitro oBRB models have been developed, notably to investigate potential therapeutic strategies against retinal diseases. Indeed, to this day, most of these pathologies are untreatable, especially once the first signs of degeneration are observed. To cure those patients, a current strategy is to cultivate in vitro a mature oBRB epithelium on a custom membrane that is further implanted to replace the damaged native tissue. After a description of the oBRB and the related diseases, this review presents an overview of the oBRB models, from the simplest to the most complex. Then, we propose a discussion over the used cell types, for their relevance to study or treat the oBRB. Models designed for in vitro applications are then examined, by paying particular attention to the design evolution in the last years, the development of pathological models and the benefits of co-culture models, including both the retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid. Lastly, this review focuses on the models developed for in vivo implantation, with special emphasis on the choice of the material, its processing and its characterization, before discussing the reported pre-clinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Dujardin
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS) INSERM-U1148, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Walter Habeler
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université D’Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- CECS, Centre D’étude des Cellules Souches, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Christelle Monville
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université D’Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS) INSERM-U1148, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Teresa Simon-Yarza
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science (LVTS) INSERM-U1148, 75018 Paris, France
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Sasseville S, Karami S, Tchatchouang A, Charpentier P, Anney P, Gobert D, Proulx S. Biomaterials used for tissue engineering of barrier-forming cell monolayers in the eye. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1269385. [PMID: 37840667 PMCID: PMC10569698 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1269385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell monolayers that form a barrier between two structures play an important role for the maintenance of tissue functionality. In the anterior portion of the eye, the corneal endothelium forms a barrier that controls fluid exchange between the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber and the corneal stroma. This monolayer is central in the pathogenesis of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). FECD is a common corneal disease, in which corneal endothelial cells deposit extracellular matrix that increases the thickness of its basal membrane (Descemet's membrane), and forms excrescences (guttae). With time, there is a decrease in endothelial cell density that generates vision loss. Transplantation of a monolayer of healthy corneal endothelial cells on a Descemet membrane substitute could become an interesting alternative for the treatment of this pathology. In the back of the eye, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) forms the blood-retinal barrier, controlling fluid exchange between the choriocapillaris and the photoreceptors of the outer retina. In the retinal disease dry age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD), deposits (drusen) form between the RPE and its basal membrane (Bruch's membrane). These deposits hinder fluid exchange, resulting in progressive RPE cell death, which in turn generates photoreceptor cell death, and vision loss. Transplantation of a RPE monolayer on a Bruch's membrane/choroidal stromal substitute to replace the RPE before photoreceptor cell death could become a treatment alternative for this eye disease. This review will present the different biomaterials that are proposed for the engineering of a monolayer of corneal endothelium for the treatment of FECD, and a RPE monolayer for the treatment of dry AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Sasseville
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département d’ophtalmologie et d’oto-rhino-laryngologie-chirurgie cervico-faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Samira Karami
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département d’ophtalmologie et d’oto-rhino-laryngologie-chirurgie cervico-faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ange Tchatchouang
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département d’ophtalmologie et d’oto-rhino-laryngologie-chirurgie cervico-faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Pascale Charpentier
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département d’ophtalmologie et d’oto-rhino-laryngologie-chirurgie cervico-faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Princia Anney
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département d’ophtalmologie et d’oto-rhino-laryngologie-chirurgie cervico-faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Delphine Gobert
- Département d’ophtalmologie et d’oto-rhino-laryngologie-chirurgie cervico-faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre universitaire d’ophtalmologie (CUO), Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Proulx
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département d’ophtalmologie et d’oto-rhino-laryngologie-chirurgie cervico-faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Ho MT, Ortin-Martinez A, Yan NE, Comanita L, Gurdita A, Pham Truong V, Cui H, Wallace VA, Shoichet MS. Hydrogel assisted photoreceptor delivery inhibits material transfer. Biomaterials 2023; 298:122140. [PMID: 37163876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell therapy holds tremendous promise for vision restoration; yet donor cell survival and integration continue to limit efficacy of these strategies. Transplanted photoreceptors, which mediate light sensitivity in the retina, transfer cytoplasmic components to host photoreceptors instead of integrating into the tissue. Donor cell material transfer could, therefore, function as a protein augmentation strategy to restore photoreceptor function. Biomaterials, such as hyaluronan-based hydrogels, can support donor cell survival but have not been evaluated for effects on material transfer. With increased survival, we hypothesized that we would achieve greater material transfer; however, the opposite occurred. Photoreceptors delivered to the subretinal space in mice in a hyaluronan and methylcellulose (HAMC) hydrogel showed reduced material transfer. We examined mitochondria transfer in vitro and cytosolic protein transfer in vivo and demonstrate that HAMC significantly reduced transfer in both contexts, which we ascribe to reduced cell-cell contact. Nanotube-like donor cell protrusions were significantly reduced in the hydrogel-transplanted photoreceptors compared to the saline control group, which suggests that HAMC limits the contact required to the host retina for transfer. Thus, HAMC can be used to manipulate the behaviour of transplanted donor cells in cell therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret T Ho
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arturo Ortin-Martinez
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole E Yan
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lacrimioara Comanita
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Akshay Gurdita
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor Pham Truong
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hong Cui
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Valerie A Wallace
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Xu Z, Li Y, Li P, Sun Y, Lv S, Wang Y, He X, Xu J, Xu Z, Li L, Li Y. Soft substrates promote direct chemical reprogramming of fibroblasts into neurons. Acta Biomater 2022; 152:255-272. [PMID: 36041647 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts can be directly reprogrammed via a combination of small molecules to generate induced neurons (iNs), bypassing intermediate stages. This method holds great promise for regenerative medicine; however, it remains inefficient. Recently, studies have suggested that physical cues may improve the direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into neurons, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be further explored, and the physical factors reported to date do not exhibit the full properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Previous in vitro studies mainly used rigid polystyrene dishes, while one of the characteristics of the native in-vivo environment of neurons is the soft nature of brain ECM. The reported stiffness of brain tissue is very soft ranging between 100 Pa and 3 kPa, and the effect of substrate stiffness on direct neuronal reprogramming has not been explored. Here, we show for the first time that soft substrates substantially improved the production efficiency and quality of iNs, without needing to co-culture with glial cells during reprogramming, producing more glutamatergic neurons with electrophysiological functions in a shorter time. Transcriptome sequencing indicated that soft substrates might promote glutamatergic neuron reprogramming through integrins, actin cytoskeleton, Hippo signalling pathway, and regulation of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, and competing endogenous RNA network analysis provided new targets for neuronal reprogramming. We demonstrated that soft substrates may promote neuronal reprogramming by inhibiting microRNA-615-3p-targeting integrin subunit beta 4. Our findings can aid the development of regenerative therapies and help improve our understanding of neuronal reprogramming. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : First, we have shown that low stiffness promotes direct reprogramming on the basis of small molecule combinations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on this type of method, which may greatly promote the progress of neural reprogramming. Second, we found that miR-615-3p may interact with ITGB4, and the soft substrates may promote neural reprogramming by inhibiting microRNA (miR)-615-3p targeting integrin subunit beta 4 (ITGB4). We are the first to report on this mechanism. Our findings will provide more functional neurons for subsequent basic and clinical research in neurological regenerative medicine, and will help to improve the overall understanding of neural reprogramming. This work also provides new ideas for the design of medical biomaterials for nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Orthopedics and Biotechnology, Department for Clinical Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pengdong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yingying Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Stomatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Shuang Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xia He
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Pathology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Jinying Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Burns Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lisha Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Molins B, Mesquida M, Adan A. Bioengineering approaches for modelling retinal pathologies of the outer blood-retinal barrier. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022:101097. [PMID: 35840488 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of the junctional complex of the outer blood-retinal barrier (oBRB), which is integrated by the close interaction of the retinal pigment epithelium, the Bruch's membrane, and the choriocapillaris, contribute to the loss of neuronal signalling and subsequent vision impairment in several retinal inflammatory disorders such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Reductionist approaches into the mechanisms that underlie such diseases have been hindered by the absence of adequate in vitro models using human cells to provide the 3D dynamic architecture that enables expression of the in vivo phenotype of the oBRB. Conventional in vitro cell models are based on 2D monolayer cellular cultures, unable to properly recapitulate the complexity of living systems. The main drawbacks of conventional oBRB models also emerge from the cell sourcing, the lack of an appropriate Bruch's membrane analogue, and the lack of choroidal microvasculature with flow. In the last years, the advent of organ-on-a-chip, bioengineering, and stem cell technologies is providing more advanced 3D models with flow, multicellularity, and external control over microenvironmental properties. By incorporating additional biological complexity, organ-on-a-chip devices can mirror physiologically relevant properties of the native tissue while offering additional set ups to model and study disease. In this review we first examine the current understanding of oBRB biology as a functional unit, highlighting the coordinated contribution of the different components to barrier function in health and disease. Then we describe recent advances in the use of pluripotent stem cells-derived retinal cells, Bruch's membrane analogues, and co-culture techniques to recapitulate the oBRB. We finally discuss current advances and challenges of oBRB-on-a-chip technologies for disease modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Molins
- Group of Ocular Inflammation: Clinical and Experimental Studies, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marina Mesquida
- Group of Ocular Inflammation: Clinical and Experimental Studies, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Adan
- Group of Ocular Inflammation: Clinical and Experimental Studies, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto Clínic de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, C/ Sabino de Arana 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Gullapalli VK, Zarbin MA. New Prospects for Retinal Pigment Epithelium Transplantation. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2022; 11:302-313. [PMID: 36041145 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) transplants rescue photoreceptors in selected animal models of retinal degenerative disease. Early clinical studies of RPE transplants as treatment for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) included autologous and allogeneic transplants of RPE suspensions and RPE sheets for atrophic and neovascular complications of AMD. Subsequent studies explored autologous RPE-Bruch membrane-choroid transplants in patients with neovascular AMD with occasional marked visual benefit, which establishes a rationale for RPE transplants in late-stage AMD. More recent work has involved transplantation of autologous and allogeneic stem cell-derived RPE for patients with AMD and those with Stargardt disease. These early-stage clinical trials have employed RPE suspensions and RPE monolayers on biocompatible scaffolds. Safety has been well documented, but evidence of efficacy is variable. Current research involves development of better scaffolds, improved modulation of immune surveillance, and modification of the extracellular milieu to improve RPE survival and integration with host retina.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco A Zarbin
- Iinstitute of Ophthalmology and visual Science, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, US
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Lee H, Yoon S, Baek S. Effects of Hyaluronic Acid/Collagen Resorbable Gel Use in Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2022:1455613221104438. [PMID: 35726957 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221104438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of hyaluronic acid/collagen resorbable gel (Regenwel®) has an inhibitory effect on rhinostomy obstruction during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (Endo DCR). A total of 298 patients diagnosed with unilateral primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction from May 2017 to June 2021 who underwent Endo DCR were enrolled. The patients were divided into the Regenwel group (152 patients) and the Control group (146 patients) that did not use Regenwel during surgery, and the medical records were compared and analyzed retrospectively. The mean age of the Regenwel group was 65.8 years, and that of the Control group was 63.2 years. Regarding anatomical success as the primary outcome, the Regenwel group had a higher success rate than the Control group (96.7% vs 86.3%, P = .012), and the functional success result confirmed that the Regenwel group had a higher success rate than the Control group (94.1% vs 84.3%, P = .024). Among secondary outcomes, granulation formation occurred less frequently in the Regenwel group than in the Control group (9.2% vs 32.2%, P < .001), and there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative bleeding between the 2 groups (0% vs 1.4%, P = .478). The Regenwel group had fewer infections after surgery than the Control group (5.3% vs 8.9%, P = .012) and required less frequent revision surgery (2.0% vs 15.8%, P < .001). In conclusion, Regenwel is a resorbable gel containing hyaluronic acid and collagen that is used during Endo DCR and is thought to contribute to the improvement of surgical success rate by preventing complications such as rhinostomy obstruction and bleeding after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumin Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sehyun Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Deng Y, Qiao L, Du M, Qu C, Wan L, Li J, Huang L. Age-related macular degeneration: Epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and targeted therapy. Genes Dis 2022; 9:62-79. [PMID: 35005108 PMCID: PMC8720701 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex eye disorder and is the leading cause of incurable blindness worldwide in the elderly. Clinically, AMD initially affects the central area of retina known as the macula and it is classified as early stage to late stage (advanced AMD). The advanced AMD is classified into the nonexudative or atrophic form (dry AMD) and the exudative or neovascular form (wet AMD). More severe vision loss is typically associated with the wet form. Multiple genetic factors, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and aging, play a role in the etiology of AMD. Dysregulation in genetic to AMD is established to 46%-71% of disease contribution, with CFH and ARMS2/HTRA1 to be the two most notable risk loci among the 103 identified AMD associated loci so far. Chronic cigarette smoking is the most proven consistently risk living habits for AMD. Deep learning algorithm has been developed based on image recognition to distinguish wet AMD and normal macula with high accuracy. Currently, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is highly effective at treating wet AMD. Several new generation AMD drugs and iPSC-derived RPE cell therapy are in the clinical trial stage and are promising to improve AMD treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Deng
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
| | - Lifeng Qiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
| | - Mingyan Du
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
| | - Chao Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
| | - Ling Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
| | - Lulin Huang
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, PR China
- Institute of Chengdu Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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Nano-Biomaterials for Retinal Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081880. [PMID: 34443710 PMCID: PMC8399153 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscience and nanotechnology have revolutionized key areas of environmental sciences, including biological and physical sciences. Nanoscience is useful in interconnecting these sciences to find new hybrid avenues targeted at improving daily life. Pharmaceuticals, regenerative medicine, and stem cell research are among the prominent segments of biological sciences that will be improved by nanostructure innovations. The present review was written to present a comprehensive insight into various emerging nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, hybrid nanostructures, and nanoscaffolds, that have been useful in mice for ocular tissue engineering and regeneration. Furthermore, the current status, future perspectives, and challenges of nanotechnology in tracking cells or nanostructures in the eye and their use in modified regenerative ophthalmology mechanisms have also been proposed and discussed in detail. In the present review, various research findings on the use of nano-biomaterials in retinal regeneration and retinal remediation are presented, and these findings might be useful for future clinical applications.
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Nair DSR, Seiler MJ, Patel KH, Thomas V, Camarillo JCM, Humayun MS, Thomas BB. Tissue Engineering Strategies for Retina Regeneration. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021; 11. [PMID: 35251703 PMCID: PMC8896578 DOI: 10.3390/app11052154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The retina is a complex and fragile photosensitive part of the central nervous system which is prone to degenerative diseases leading to permanent vision loss. No proven treatment strategies exist to treat or reverse the degenerative conditions. Recent investigations demonstrate that cell transplantation therapies to replace the dysfunctional retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and or the degenerating photoreceptors (PRs) are viable options to restore vision. Pluripotent stem cells, retinal progenitor cells, and somatic stem cells are the main cell sources used for cell transplantation therapies. The success of retinal transplantation based on cell suspension injection is hindered by limited cell survival and lack of cellular integration. Recent advances in material science helped to develop strategies to grow cells as intact monolayers or as sheets on biomaterial scaffolds for transplantation into the eyes. Such implants are found to be more promising than the bolus injection approach. Tissue engineering techniques are specifically designed to construct biodegradable or non-degradable polymer scaffolds to grow cells as a monolayer and construct implantable grafts. The engineered cell construct along with the extracellular matrix formed, can hold the cells in place to enable easy survival, better integration, and improved visual function. This article reviews the advances in the use of scaffolds for transplantation studies in animal models and their application in current clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi S. Rajendran Nair
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Magdalene J. Seiler
- Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Anatomy & Neurobiology, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Centre, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-1705, USA
| | - Kahini H. Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Vinoy Thomas
- Department of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Martinez Camarillo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- USC Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mark S. Humayun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- USC Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Biju B. Thomas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- USC Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Correspondence:
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Kim J, Park JY, Kong JS, Lee H, Won JY, Cho DW. Development of 3D Printed Bruch's Membrane-Mimetic Substance for the Maturation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031095. [PMID: 33499245 PMCID: PMC7865340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of the pigmented cells that lies on the thin extracellular matrix called Bruch's membrane. This monolayer is the main component of the outer blood-retinal barrier (BRB), which plays a multifunctional role. Due to their crucial roles, the damage of this epithelium causes a wide range of diseases related to retinal degeneration including age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, and Stargardt disease. Unfortunately, there is presently no cure for these diseases. Clinically implantable RPE for humans is under development, and there is no practical examination platform for drug development. Here, we developed porcine Bruch's membrane-derived bioink (BM-ECM). Compared to conventional laminin, the RPE cells on BM-ECM showed enhanced functionality of RPE. Furthermore, we developed the Bruch's membrane-mimetic substrate (BMS) via the integration of BM-ECM and 3D printing technology, which revealed structure and extracellular matrix components similar to those of natural Bruch's membrane. The developed BMS facilitated the appropriate functions of RPE, including barrier and clearance functions, the secretion of anti-angiogenic growth factors, and enzyme formation for phototransduction. Moreover, it could be used as a basement frame for RPE transplantation. We established BMS using 3D printing technology to grow RPE cells with functions that could be used for an in vitro model and RPE transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongmin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Ju Young Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Jeong Sik Kong
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Hyungseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Jae Yon Won
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea
- Catholic Institute for Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 14662, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.Y.W.); (D.W.C.)
| | - Dong Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea; (J.K.); (J.Y.P.); (H.L.)
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea;
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.Y.W.); (D.W.C.)
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Bagewadi S, Parameswaran S, Krishnakumar S, Sethuraman S, Subramanian A. Tissue engineering approaches towards the regeneration of biomimetic scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5935-5953. [PMID: 34254105 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00976a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the third major cause of blindness in people aged above 60 years. It causes dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and leads to an irreversible loss of central vision. The present clinical treatment options are more palliative in controlling the progression of the disease and do not functionally restore the degenerated RPE monolayer and photoreceptors. Currently, the clinical transplantation of RPE cells has shown poor engraftment potential due to the absence of an intact Bruch's membrane in AMD patients, thereby the vision is unable to be restored completely. Although tissue engineering strategies target the development of Bruch's membrane-mimetic substrates, the challenge still lies in the development of an ultrathin, biologically and mechanically equivalent membrane to restore visual acuity. Further, existing limitations such as cellular aggregation, surgical complications including retinal tissue damage, tissue rejection, disease transmission, inferior mechanical strength, and the loss of vision over time demand the search for an ideal strategy to restore the functional RPE. Hence, this review aims to provide insights into various approaches, from conventional cell therapy to 3D bioprinting, and their unmet challenges in treating AMD by outlining the pathophysiology of AMD and the host tissue response with respect to injury, treatment and preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhavi Bagewadi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Cell-Based Therapies for Age-Related Macular Degeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1256:265-293. [PMID: 33848006 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-66014-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. The pathogenesis of AMD involves dysfunction and loss of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer of cells that provide nourishment and functional support for the overlying photoreceptors. RPE cells in mammals are not known to divide, renew or regenerate in vivo, and in advanced AMD, RPE loss leads to degeneration of the photoreceptors and impairment of vision. One possible therapeutic approach would be to support and replace the failing RPE cells of affected patients, and indeed moderate success of surgical procedures in which relatively healthy autologous RPE from the peripheral retina of the same eye was transplanted under the retina in the macular area suggested that RPE replacement could be a means to attenuate photoreceptor cell loss. This prompted exploration of the possibility to use pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) as a potential source for "healthy and young" RPE cells for such cell-based therapy of AMD. Various approaches ranging from the use of allogeneic embryonic stem cells to autologous induced pluripotent stem cells are now being tested within early clinical trials. Such PSC-derived RPE cells are either injected into the subretinal space as a suspension, or transplanted as a monolayer patch upon scaffold support. Although most of these approaches are at early clinical stages, safety of the RPE product has been demonstrated by several of these studies. Here, we review the concept of cell-based therapy of AMD and provide an update on current progress in the field of RPE transplantation.
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Nian S, Kearns VR, Wong DSH, Bachhuka A, Vasilev K, Williams RL, Lai WW, Lo A, Sheridan CM. Plasma polymer surface modified expanded polytetrafluoroethylene promotes epithelial monolayer formation in vitro and can be transplanted into the dystrophic rat subretinal space. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 15:49-62. [PMID: 33180364 DOI: 10.1002/term.3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the surface modification of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) using an n-heptylamine (HA) plasma polymer would allow for functional epithelial monolayer formation suitable for subretinal transplant into a non-dystrophic rat model. Freshly isolated iris pigment epithelial (IPE) cells from two rat strains (Long Evans [LE] and Dark Agouti [DA]) were seeded onto HA, fibronectin-coated n-heptylamine modified (F-HA) and unmodified ePFTE and fibronectin-coated tissue culture (F-TCPS) substrates. Both F-HA ePTFE and F-TCPS substrates enabled functional monolayer formation with both strains of rat. Without fibronectin coating, only LE IPE formed a monolayer on HA-treated ePTFE. Functional assessment of both IPE strains on F-HA ePTFE demonstrated uptake of POS that increased significantly with time that was greater than control F-TCPS. Surgical optimization using Healon GV and mixtures of Healon GV: phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to induce retinal detachment demonstrated that only Healon GV:PBS allowed F-HA ePTFE substrates to be successfully transplanted into the subretinal space of Royal College of Surgeons rats, where they remained flat beneath the neural retina for up to 4 weeks. No apparent substrate-induced inflammatory response was observed by fundus microscopy or immunohistochemical analysis, indicating the potential of this substrate for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Nian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Victoria R Kearns
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - David S H Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Akash Bachhuka
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rachel L Williams
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Wico W Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy Lo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carl M Sheridan
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Wang K, Man K, Liu J, Liu Y, Chen Q, Zhou Y, Yang Y. Microphysiological Systems: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3231-3257. [PMID: 33204830 PMCID: PMC7668566 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems, including organoids, 3-D printed tissue constructs and organ-on-a-chips (organ chips), are physiologically relevant in vitro models and have experienced explosive growth in the past decades. Different from conventional, tissue culture plastic-based in vitro models or animal models, microphysiological systems recapitulate key microenvironmental characteristics of human organs and mimic their primary functions. The advent of microphysiological systems is attributed to evolving biomaterials, micro-/nanotechnologies and stem cell biology, which enable the precise control over the matrix properties and the interactions between cells, tissues and organs in physiological conditions. As such, microphysiological systems have been developed to model a broad spectrum of organs from microvasculature, eye, to lung and many others to understand human organ development and disease pathology and facilitate drug discovery. Multiorgans-on-a-chip systems have also been developed by integrating multiple associated organ chips in a single platform, which allows to study and employ the organ function in a systematic approach. Here we first discuss the design principles of microphysiological systems with a focus on the anatomy and physiology of organs, and then review the commonly used fabrication techniques and biomaterials for microphysiological systems. Subsequently, we discuss the recent development of microphysiological systems, and provide our perspectives on advancing microphysiological systems for preclinical investigation and drug discovery of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Kun Man
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, United States
| | - Qi Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
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Cassimjee H, Kumar P, Choonara YE, Pillay V. Proteosaccharide combinations for tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 235:115932. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Murphy AR, Truong YB, O'Brien CM, Glattauer V. Bio-inspired human in vitro outer retinal models: Bruch's membrane and its cellular interactions. Acta Biomater 2020; 104:1-16. [PMID: 31945506 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Retinal degenerative disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, however, treatments to completely stop the progression of these debilitating conditions are non-existent. Researchers require sophisticated models that can accurately represent the native structure of human retinal tissue to study these disorders. Current in vitro models used to study the retina are limited in their ability to fully recapitulate the structure and function of the retina, Bruch's membrane and the underlying choroid. Recent developments in the field of induced pluripotent stem cell technology has demonstrated the capability of retinal pigment epithelial cells to recapitulate AMD-like pathology. However, such studies utilise unsophisticated, bio-inert membranes to act as Bruch's membrane and support iPSC-derived retinal cells. This review presents a concise summary of the properties and function of the Bruch's membrane-retinal pigment epithelium complex, the initial pathogenic site of AMD as well as the current status for materials and fabrication approaches used to generate in vitro models of this complex tissue. Finally, this review explores required advances in the field of in vitro retinal modelling. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Retinal degenerative disorders such as age-related macular degeneration are worldwide leading causes of blindness. Previous attempts to model the Bruch's membrane-retinal pigment epithelial complex, the initial pathogenic site of age-related macular degeneration, have lacked the sophistication to elucidate valuable insights into disease mechanisms. Here we provide a detailed account of the morphological, physical and chemical properties of Bruch's membrane which may aid the fabrication of more sophisticated and physiologically accurate in vitro models of the retina, as well as various fabrication techniques to recreate this structure. This review also further highlights some recent advances in some additional challenging aspects of retinal tissue modelling including integrated fluid flow and photoreceptor alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Murphy
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Yen B Truong
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Carmel M O'Brien
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Science, Technology, Research and Innovation Precinct (STRIP), Monash University, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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MicroRNA profiling reveals important functions of miR-125b and let-7a during human retinal pigment epithelial cell differentiation. Exp Eye Res 2020; 190:107883. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Tavakoli Z, Yazdian F, Tabandeh F, Sheikhpour M. Regenerative medicine as a novel strategy for AMD treatment: a review. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019; 6:012001. [PMID: 33438587 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is known as a major cause of irreversible blindness in elderly adults. The segment of the retina responsible for central vision damages in the disease process. Degeneration of retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells, photoreceptors, and choriocapillaris associated with aging participate for visual loss. In 2010, AMD involved 6.6% of all blindness cases around the world. Some of the researches have evaluated the replacing of damaged RPE in AMD patients by using the cells from various sources. Today, the advancement of RPE differentiation or generation from stem cells has been gained, and currently, clinical trials are testing the efficiency and safety of replacing degenerated RPE with healthy RPE. However, the therapeutic success of RPE transplantation may be restricted unless the transplanted cells can be adhered, distributed and survive for long-term in the transplanted site without any infections. In recent years a variety of scaffold types were used as a carrier for RPE transplantation and AMD treatment. In this review, we have discussed types of scaffolds; natural or synthetic, solid or hydrogel and their results in RPE replacement. Eventually, our aim is highlighting the novel and best scaffold carriers that may have potentially promoting the efficacy of RPE transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tavakoli
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Ying H, Zhou J, Wang M, Su D, Ma Q, Lv G, Chen J. In situ formed collagen-hyaluronic acid hydrogel as biomimetic dressing for promoting spontaneous wound healing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 101:487-498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Gu J, Wang Y, Cui Z, Li H, Li S, Yang X, Yan X, Ding C, Tang S, Chen J. The Construction of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Sheets with Enhanced Characteristics and Cilium Assembly Using iPS Conditioned Medium and Small Incision Lenticule Extraction Derived Lenticules. Acta Biomater 2019; 92:115-131. [PMID: 31075513 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In vitro generation of a functional retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) monolayer sheet is useful and promising for RPE cell therapy. Here, for the first time, we used induced pluripotent stem (iPS) supernatant as the conditioned medium (iPS-CM) and femtosecond laser intrastromal lenticule (FLI-lenticule) as a scaffold to construct an engineered RPE sheet. There are significant enhancements in RPE cell density, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and inhibitions of ultraviolet C (UVC)-irradiated apoptosis when RPE cells are cultured in iPS supernatant/Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)-F12 of 1/2 (iPS-CM) compared with those in normal medium (NM, DMEM-F12). Using the assay of a panel of cytokines, combined with transcriptome and protein analyses, we discover that iPS-CM contains high levels of platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-2, transforming growth factor (TGF)-α and IGFBP-6, which are responsible for the upregulation of gene and protein markers with RPE phenotypes and downregulation of gene and protein markers with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes for RPE cells in iPS-CM when compared to those in NM. Moreover, compared to cultures on tissue culture plates (TCP), RPE cells on FLI-lenticule display more microvilli and cilium in accordance with the results in terms of RNA-Seq data, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) expression, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot assays. Furthermore, acellular FLI-lenticule exhibits biocompatibility after rabbit subretinal implantation by 30 days through electroretinography and histological examination. Thus, we determined that engineered RPE sheets treated by iPS-CM in conjunction with FLI-lenticule scaffold aid in enhanced RPE characteristics and cilium assembly. Such a strategy to construct RPE sheets is a promising avenue for developing RPE cell therapy, disease models and drug screening tools. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In vitro generation of a functional RPE monolayer sheet is useful and promising for RPE cell therapy. Here, we constructed engineered RPE sheets treated by iPS-CM in conjunction with FLI-lenticule scaffolds to help in enhanced RPE characteristics and cilium assembly. Such a strategy to generate RPE sheets is a promising avenue for developing RPE cell therapy, disease models and drug screening tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Gu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yini Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zekai Cui
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shenyang Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xu Yang
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xin Yan
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Ding
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410015, Hunan, PR China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha 410015, Hunan Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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22
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Abedin Zadeh M, Khoder M, Al-Kinani AA, Younes HM, Alany RG. Retinal cell regeneration using tissue engineered polymeric scaffolds. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1669-1678. [PMID: 31051266 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Degenerative retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), can lead to permanent sight loss. Although intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and steroid injections are effective for the management of early stages of wet and/or neovascular AMD (nAMD), no proven treatments currently exist for dry AMD or for the advanced geographic atrophy of the retina that follows. Tissue engineering (TE) has recently emerged as a promising alternative to repair retinal damaged and restore its functions. Here, we review recent advances in TE, with a particular emphasis on retinal regeneration. We provide an overview of retinal diseases, followed by a comprehensive review of TE techniques, cells, and polymers used in the fabrication of scaffolds for retinal cell regenerations, in particular the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Abedin Zadeh
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, London, United Kingdom; Pharmaceutics & Polymeric Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mouhamad Khoder
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, London, United Kingdom; Pharmaceutics & Polymeric Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ali A Al-Kinani
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, London, United Kingdom; Pharmaceutics & Polymeric Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Husam M Younes
- Pharmaceutics & Polymeric Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Office of Vice President for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raid G Alany
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care (DDDPC) Theme, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, London, United Kingdom; Pharmaceutics & Polymeric Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; School of Pharmacy, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Rasheed T, Bilal M, Zhao Y, Raza A, Shah SZH, Iqbal HMN. Physiochemical characteristics and bone/cartilage tissue engineering potentialities of protein-based macromolecules - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 121:13-22. [PMID: 30291929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based macromolecules such as keratin, silk fibroin, collagen, gelatin, and fibrin have emerged as potential candidate materials with unique structural and functional characteristics. Despite many advantages, the development of tissue-engineered constructs that can match the biological context of real tissue matrix remains a challenge in tissue engineering (TE). The tissue-engineered constructs should also support vascularization. Protein-based macromolecules, in pristine or combine form, provide a promising platform to engineer constructs with unique design and functionalities which are highly essential for an appropriate stimulation and differentiation of cells in a specific TE approach. However, much work remains to be undertaken with particular reference to in-depth interactions between constructed cues and target host tissues. Thus, modern advancements are emphasizing to understand critiques and functionalization of protein-based macromolecule that organize not only cellular activities but also tissue regenerations. In this review, numerous physicochemical, functional, and structural characteristics of protein-based macromolecules such as keratin, silk fibroin, collagen, gelatin, and fibrin are discussed. This review also presents the hope vs. hype phenomenon for tissue engineering. Later part of the review focuses on different requisite characteristics and their role in TE. The discussion presented here could prove highly useful for the construction of scaffolds with requisite features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Yuping Zhao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Ali Raza
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | | | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. CP 64849, Mexico.
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24
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Sheremet NL, Mikaelyan AA, Andreev AY, Kiselev SL. [Possibilities of treating retinal diseases in patients with damaged retinal pigment epithelium]. Vestn Oftalmol 2019; 135:226-234. [PMID: 31691665 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2019135052226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinal diseases associated with damage to retinal pigment epithelium (PPE) are the most frequent causes of irreversible loss of vision in adults. Since there is no therapeutic treatment available that could repair RPE and its connections with the adjacent photoreceptors, the review focuses on various methods of surgical treatment. One of the most promising methods at present is the use of stem cells derivatives. Results of numerous experimental and clinical trials show that use of human induced pluripotent stem cells in the treatment of degenerative diseases of the retina can be considered effective and promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Sheremet
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021
| | - A A Mikaelyan
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021
| | - A Yu Andreev
- Krasnogorsk City Hospital #1, 4 Karbisheva St., Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Russian Federation, 143403
| | - S L Kiselev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, 3 Gubkina St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119333
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25
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Huang W, Sunami Y, Kimura H, Zhang S. Applications of Nanosheets in Frontier Cellular Research. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E519. [PMID: 30002280 PMCID: PMC6070807 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several types of nanosheets, such as graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanosheets, have been developed and applied in vitro in cellular research over the past decade. Scientists have used nanosheet properties, such as ease of modification and flexibility, to develop new cell/protein sensing/imaging techniques and achieve regulation of specific cell functions. This review is divided into three main parts based on the application being examined: nanosheets as a substrate, nanosheets as a sensitive surface, and nanosheets in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the applications of nanosheets are discussed, with two subsections in each section, based on their effects on cells and molecules. Finally, the application prospects of nanosheets in cellular research are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Huang
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yuta Sunami
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-city, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan.
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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26
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Shakibaie M, Tabandeh F, Shariati P, Norouzy A. Synthesis of a thin-layer gelatin nanofiber mat for cultivating retinal cell. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911518776337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thin-layer gelatin nanofiber mats were fabricated as a biodegradable scaffold for proliferating human retinal pigment epithelium. Together with MTT assay, the glucose consumption rate, lactate formation, and lactate dehydrogenase activity of the human retinal pigment epithelium cells—on the gelatin nanofibers—were analyzed as indicators for cell growth and viability. The results showed that gelatin nanofiber did not make any toxic effect on the cells and the growth rate was comparable to the tissue culture plates. Using the fabricated thin-layer nanofibers let the by-product to leave which in turn cause less adverse effect on the cells. The biodegradability and stability of the gelatin nanofibers were optimized as a function of reaction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shakibaie
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tabandeh
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Shariati
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Norouzy
- Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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27
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Shi P, Tan YSE, Yeong WY, Li HY, Laude A. A bilayer photoreceptor-retinal tissue model with gradient cell density design: A study of microvalve-based bioprinting. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1297-1306. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pujiang Shi
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Yong Sheng Edgar Tan
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Wai Yee Yeong
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Hoi Yeung Li
- School of Biological Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Augustinus Laude
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute; Tan Tock Seng Hospital; Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute; Singapore
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28
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Tan YSE, Shi PJ, Choo CJ, Laude A, Yeong WY. Tissue engineering of retina and Bruch’s membrane: a review of cells, materials and processes. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 102:1182-1187. [DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The biological, structural and functional configuration of Bruch’s membrane (BM) is significantly relevant to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other chorioretinal diseases, and AMD is one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly worldwide. The configuration may worsen along with the ageing of retinal pigment epithelium and BM that finally leads to AMD. Thus, the scaffold-based tissue-engineered retina provides an innovative alternative for retinal tissue repair. The cell and material requirements for retinal repair are discussed including cell sheet engineering, decellularised membrane and tissue-engineered membranes. Further, the challenges and potential in realising a whole tissue model construct for retinal regeneration are highlighted herein. This review article provides a framework for future development of tissue-engineered retina as a preclinical model and possible treatments for AMD.
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29
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Spencer C, Abend S, McHugh KJ, Saint-Geniez M. Identification of a synergistic interaction between endothelial cells and retinal pigment epithelium. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2542-2552. [PMID: 28402065 PMCID: PMC5618686 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium located between the neurosensory retina and the choroidal vasculature is critical for the function and maintenance of both the photoreceptors and underlying capillary endothelium. While the trophic role of retinal pigment epithelium on choroidal endothelial cells is well recognized, the existence of a reciprocal regulatory function of endothelial cells on retinal pigment epithelium cells remained to be fully characterized. Using a physiological long‐term co‐culture system, we determined the effect of retinal pigment epithelium‐endothelial cell heterotypic interactions on cell survival, behaviour and matrix deposition. Human retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cells were cultured on opposite sides of polyester transwells for up to 4 weeks in low serum conditions. Cell viability was quantified using a trypan blue assay. Cellular morphology was evaluated by H&E staining, S.E.M. and immunohistochemistry. Retinal pigment epithelium phagocytic function was examined using a fluorescent bead assay. Gene expression analysis was performed on both retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cells by quantitative PCR. Quantification of extracellular matrix deposition was performed on decellularized transwells stained for collagen IV, fibronectin and fibrillin. Our results showed that presence of endothelial cells significantly improves retinal pigment epithelium maturation and function as indicated by the induction of visual cycle‐associated genes, accumulation of a Bruch's membrane‐like matrix and increase in retinal pigment epithelium phagocytic activity. Co‐culture conditions led to increased expression of anti‐angiogenic growth factors and receptors in both retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cells compared to monoculture. Tube‐formation assays confirmed that co‐culture with retinal pigment epithelium significantly decreased the angiogenic phenotype of endothelial cells. These findings provide evidence of critical interdependent interactions between retinal pigment epithelium and endothelial cell involved in the maintenance of retinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Spencer
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Abend
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin J McHugh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Magali Saint-Geniez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Tian Y, Zonca MR, Imbrogno J, Unser AM, Sfakis L, Temple S, Belfort G, Xie Y. Polarized, Cobblestone, Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Maturation on a Synthetic PEG Matrix. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:890-902. [PMID: 33429561 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell attachment is essential for the growth and polarization of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Currently, surface coatings derived from biological proteins are used as the gold standard for cell culture. However, downstream processing and purification of these biological products can be cumbersome and expensive. In this study, we constructed a library of chemically modified nanofibers to mimic the Bruch's membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium. Using atmospheric-pressure plasma-induced graft polymerization with a high-throughput screening platform to modify the nanofibers, we identified three polyethylene glycol (PEG)-grafted nanofiber surfaces (PEG methyl ether methacrylate, n = 4, 8, and 45) from a library of 62 different surfaces as favorable for RPE cell attachment, proliferation, and maturation in vitro with cobblestone morphology. Compared with the biologically derived culture matrices such as vitronectin-based peptide Synthemax, our newly discovered synthetic PEG surfaces exhibit similar growth and polarization of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. However, they are chemically defined, are easy to synthesize on a large scale, are cost-effective, are stable with long-term storage capability, and provide a more physiologically accurate environment for RPE cell culture. To our knowledge, no one has reported that PEG derivatives directly support attachment and growth of RPE cells with cobblestone morphology. This study offers a unique PEG-modified 3D cell culture system that supports RPE proliferation, differentiation, and maturation with cobblestone morphology, providing a new avenue for RPE cell culture, disease modeling, and cell replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzi Tian
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Michael R Zonca
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Joseph Imbrogno
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Andrea M Unser
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Lauren Sfakis
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Sally Temple
- Neural Stem Cell Institute, One Discovery Drive, Rensselaer, New York 12144, United States
| | - Georges Belfort
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Yubing Xie
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12203, United States
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31
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Shahmoradi S, Yazdian F, Tabandeh F, Soheili ZS, Hatamian Zarami AS, Navaei-Nigjeh M. Controlled surface morphology and hydrophilicity of polycaprolactone toward human retinal pigment epithelium cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 73:300-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Al-Nawaiseh S, Thieltges F, Liu Z, Strack C, Brinken R, Braun N, Wolschendorf M, Maminishkis A, Eter N, Stanzel BV. A Step by Step Protocol for Subretinal Surgery in Rabbits. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27684952 PMCID: PMC5092014 DOI: 10.3791/53927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Age related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa, and other RPE related diseases are the most common causes for irreversible loss of vision in adults in industrially developed countries. RPE transplantation appears to be a promising therapy, as it may replace dysfunctional RPE, restore its function, and thereby vision. Here we describe a method for transplanting a cultured RPE monolayer on a scaffold into the subretinal space (SRS) of rabbits. After vitrectomy xenotransplants were delivered into the SRS using a custom made shooter consisting of a 20-gauge metallic nozzle with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coated plunger. The current technique evolved in over 150 rabbit surgeries over 6 years. Post-operative follow-up can be obtained using non-invasive and repetitive in vivo imaging such as spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) followed by perfusion-fixed histology. The method has well-defined steps for easy learning and high success rate. Rabbits are considered a large eye animal model useful in preclinical studies for clinical translation. In this context rabbits are a cost-efficient and perhaps convenient alternative to other large eye animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zengping Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn; Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Arvydas Maminishkis
- Section on Epithelial and Retinal Physiology and Disease, National Eye Institute/National Institutes of Health
| | - Nicole Eter
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Münster
| | - Boris V Stanzel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn; Surgical Retina Department, Singapore National Eye Centre;
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33
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Zhang H, Fujii M, Okamura Y, Zhang L, Takeoka S. Massive Fabrication of Polymer Microdiscs by Phase Separation and Freestanding Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:16296-16302. [PMID: 27267217 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a facile method to fabricate polymer thin films with tens of nanometers thickness and several micrometers size (also called "microdiscs" herein) by applying phase separation of polymer blend. A water-soluble supporting layer is employed to obtain a freestanding microdisc suspension. Owing to their miniaturized size, microdiscs can be injected through a syringe needle. Herein, poly(d,l-lactic acid) microdiscs were fabricated with various thicknesses and sizes, in the range from ca. 10 to 60 nm and from ca. 1.0 to 10.0 μm, respectively. Magnetic nanoparticles were deposited on polymer microdiscs with a surface coating method. The magnetic manipulation of microdiscs in a liquid environment under an external magnetic field was achieved with controllable velocity by adjusting the microdisc dimensions and the loading amount of magnetic components. Such biocompatible polymer microdiscs are expected to serve as injectable vehicles for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR China
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Mao Fujii
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okamura
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Shinji Takeoka
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University , 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
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34
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Calejo MT, Ilmarinen T, Jongprasitkul H, Skottman H, Kellomäki M. Honeycomb porous films as permeable scaffold materials for human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1646-56. [PMID: 26914698 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries, characterised by the degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a pigmented cell monolayer that closely interacts with the photoreceptors. RPE transplantation is thus considered a very promising therapeutic option to treat this disease. In this work, porous honeycomb-like films are for the first time investigated as scaffold materials for human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium (hESC-RPE). By changing the conditions during film preparation, it was possible to produce films with homogeneous pore distribution and adequate pore size (∼3-5 µm), that is large enough to ensure high permeability but small enough to enable cell adherence and spreading. A brief dip-coating procedure with collagen type IV enabled the homogeneous adsorption of the protein to the walls and bottom of pores, increasing the hydrophilicity of the surface. hESC-RPE adhered and proliferated on all the collagen-coated materials, regardless of small differences in pore size. The differentiation of hESC-RPE was confirmed by the detection of specific RPE protein markers. These results suggest that the porous honeycomb films can be promising candidates for hESC-RPE tissue engineering, importantly enabling the free flow of ions and molecules across the material. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1646-1656, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Calejo
- BioMediTech, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Hatai Jongprasitkul
- BioMediTech, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kellomäki
- BioMediTech, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
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35
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Gonçalves S, Rodrigues IP, Padrão J, Silva JP, Sencadas V, Lanceros-Mendez S, Girão H, Gama FM, Dourado F, Rodrigues LR. Acetylated bacterial cellulose coated with urinary bladder matrix as a substrate for retinal pigment epithelium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 139:1-9. [PMID: 26689643 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the effect of acetylated bacterial cellulose (ABC) substrates coated with urinary bladder matrix (UBM) on the behavior of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), as assessed by cell adhesion, proliferation and development of cell polarity exhibiting transepithelial resistance and polygonal shaped-cells with microvilli. Acetylation of bacterial cellulose (BC) generated a moderate hydrophobic surface (around 65°) while the adsorption of UBM onto these acetylated substrates did not affect significantly the surface hydrophobicity. The ABS substrates coated with UBM enabled the development of a cell phenotype closer to that of native RPE cells. These cells were able to express proteins essential for their cytoskeletal organization and metabolic function (ZO-1 and RPE65), while showing a polygonal shaped morphology with microvilli and a monolayer configuration. The coated ABC substrates were also characterized, exhibiting low swelling effect (between 1.5-2.0 swelling/mm(3)), high mechanical strength (2048MPa) and non-pyrogenicity (2.12EU/L). Therefore, the ABC substrates coated with UBM exhibit interesting features as potential cell carriers in RPE transplantation that ought to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gonçalves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Inês Patrício Rodrigues
- Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Padrão
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- Center/Department of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Henrique Girão
- Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco M Gama
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Dourado
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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36
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Ilmarinen T, Hiidenmaa H, Kööbi P, Nymark S, Sorkio A, Wang JH, Stanzel BV, Thieltges F, Alajuuma P, Oksala O, Kataja M, Uusitalo H, Skottman H. Ultrathin Polyimide Membrane as Cell Carrier for Subretinal Transplantation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143669. [PMID: 26606532 PMCID: PMC4659637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the suitability of ultrathin and porous polyimide (PI) membrane as a carrier for subretinal transplantation of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) -derived retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in rabbits. The in vivo effects of hESC-RPE cells were analyzed by subretinal suspension injection into Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats. Rat eyes were analyzed with electroretinography (ERG) and histology. After analyzing the surface and permeability properties of PI, subretinal PI membrane transplantations with and without hESC-RPE were performed in rabbits. The rabbits were followed for three months and eyes analyzed with fundus photography, ERG, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and histology. Animals were immunosuppressed with cyclosporine the entire follow-up time. In dystrophic RCS rats, ERG and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness showed some rescue after hESC-RPE injection. Cells positive for human antigen were found in clusters under the retina 41 days post-injection but not anymore after 105 days. In rabbits, OCT showed good placement of the PI. However, there was loss of pigmentation on the hESC-RPE-PI over time. In the eyes with PI alone, no obvious signs of inflammation or retinal atrophy were observed. In the presence of hESC-RPE, mononuclear cell infiltration and retinal atrophy were observed around the membranes. The porous ultrathin PI membrane was well-tolerated in the subretinal space and is a promising scaffold for RPE transplantation. However, the rejection of the transplanted cells seems to be a major problem and the given immunosuppression was insufficient for reduction of xenograft induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Ilmarinen
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Peeter Kööbi
- Department of Ophthalmology, SILK, University of Tampere and Tays Eye Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Soile Nymark
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering and BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anni Sorkio
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jing-Huan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, SILK, University of Tampere and Tays Eye Center, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hannu Uusitalo
- Department of Ophthalmology, SILK, University of Tampere and Tays Eye Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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37
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Delplace V, Payne S, Shoichet M. Delivery strategies for treatment of age-related ocular diseases: From a biological understanding to biomaterial solutions. J Control Release 2015; 219:652-668. [PMID: 26435454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Age-related ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma, result in life-long functional deficits and enormous global health care costs. As the worldwide population ages, vision loss has become a major concern for both economic and human health reasons. Due to recent research into biomaterials and nanotechnology major advances have been gained in the field of ocular delivery. This review provides a summary and discussion of the most recent strategies employed for the delivery of both drugs and cells to the eye to treat a variety of age-related diseases. It emphasizes the current challenges and limitations to ocular delivery and how the use of innovative materials can overcome these issues and ultimately provide treatment for age-related degeneration and regeneration of lost tissues. This review also provides critical considerations and an outlook for future studies in the field of ophthalmic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Delplace
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Samantha Payne
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Molly Shoichet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada.
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38
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Alexander P, Thomson HAJ, Luff AJ, Lotery AJ. Retinal pigment epithelium transplantation: concepts, challenges, and future prospects. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:992-1002. [PMID: 26043704 PMCID: PMC4541358 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a single layer of cells that supports the light-sensitive photoreceptor cells that are essential for retinal function. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment, and the primary pathogenic mechanism is thought to arise in the RPE layer. RPE cell structure and function are well understood, the cells are readily sustainable in laboratory culture and, unlike other cell types within the retina, RPE cells do not require synaptic connections to perform their role. These factors, together with the relative ease of outer retinal imaging, make RPE cells an attractive target for cell transplantation compared with other cell types in the retina or central nervous system. Seminal experiments in rats with an inherited RPE dystrophy have demonstrated that RPE transplantation can prevent photoreceptor loss and maintain visual function. This review provides an update on the progress made so far on RPE transplantation in human eyes, outlines potential sources of donor cells, and describes the technical and surgical challenges faced by the transplanting surgeon. Recent advances in the understanding of pluripotent stem cells, combined with novel surgical instrumentation, hold considerable promise, and support the concept of RPE transplantation as a regenerative strategy in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Alexander
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - H A J Thomson
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A J Luff
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A J Lotery
- Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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39
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Gonçalves S, Padrão J, Rodrigues IP, Silva JP, Sencadas V, Lanceros-Mendez S, Girão H, Dourado F, Rodrigues LR. Bacterial Cellulose As a Support for the Growth of Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1341-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inês Patrício Rodrigues
- Centre
of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal
- CNC
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Henrique Girão
- Centre
of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal
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40
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Sorkio AE, Vuorimaa-Laukkanen EP, Hakola HM, Liang H, Ujula TA, Valle-Delgado JJ, Österberg M, Yliperttula ML, Skottman H. Biomimetic collagen I and IV double layer Langmuir-Schaefer films as microenvironment for human pluripotent stem cell derived retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biomaterials 2015; 51:257-269. [PMID: 25771016 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The environmental cues received by the cells from synthetic substrates in vitro are very different from those they receive in vivo. In this study, we applied the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) deposition, a variant of Langmuir-Blodgett technique, to fabricate a biomimetic microenvironment mimicking the structure and organization of native Bruch's membrane for the production of the functional human embryonic stem cell derived retinal pigment epithelial (hESC-RPE) cells. Surface pressure-area isotherms were measured simultaneously with Brewster angle microscopy to investigate the self-assembly of human collagens type I and IV on air-subphase interface. Furthermore, the structure of the prepared collagen LS films was characterized with scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, surface plasmon resonance measurements and immunofluorescent staining. The integrity of hESC-RPE on double layer LS films was investigated by measuring transepithelial resistance and permeability of small molecular weight substance. Maturation and functionality of hESC-RPE cells on double layer collagen LS films was further assessed by RPE-specific gene and protein expression, growth factor secretion, and phagocytic activity. Here, we demonstrated that the prepared collagen LS films have layered structure with oriented fibers corresponding to architecture of the uppermost layers of Bruch's membrane and result in increased barrier properties and functionality of hESC-RPE cells as compared to the commonly used dip-coated controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni E Sorkio
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere FM5/BMT, 33014 University of Tampere, Finland.
| | - Elina P Vuorimaa-Laukkanen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanna M Hakola
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Huamin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina A Ujula
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Juan José Valle-Delgado
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Monika Österberg
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Marjo L Yliperttula
- Division of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- BioMediTech, University of Tampere FM5/BMT, 33014 University of Tampere, Finland
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41
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Zhang W, Yu J, Chang H. Two dimensional nanosheets as conductive, flexible elements in biomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:4959-4964. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00087d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Two dimensional nanosheets have great potential as conductive and/or flexible elements in biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Zhang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Jingxue Yu
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
| | - Haixin Chang
- Center for Joining and Electronic Packaging
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
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Xiang P, Wu KC, Zhu Y, Xiang L, Li C, Chen DL, Chen F, Xu G, Wang A, Li M, Jin ZB. A novel Bruch's membrane-mimetic electrospun substrate scaffold for human retinal pigment epithelium cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:9777-9788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Nordgren RN, Elkeeb AM, Godley BF. Age-related macular degeneration treatment in the era of molecular medicine. World J Ophthalmol 2014; 4:130-139. [DOI: 10.5318/wjo.v4.i4.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world. The quality of life of both patients and families is impacted by this prevalent disease. Previously, macular degeneration had no known effective treatment. Today, vitamins for non-exudative AMD and intravitreal injection of medications for its exudative form are primary forms of current treatment. Modern advances in molecular science give rise to new possibilities of disease management. In the year 2003 the sequencing of the entire human genome was completed. Since that time, genes such as complement factor H, high-temperature requirement factor A1, and age-relateed maculopathy susceptibility 2 have been discovered and associated with a higher risk of AMD. A patient’s genetic make-up may dictate the effectiveness of current or future therapeutic options. In addition, utilizing genetic data and incorporating it into new treatments (such as viral vectors) may lead to longer-lasting (or permanent) VEGF blockade and specific targeting of complement related genes. There have also been considerable advances in stem cell directed treatment of AMD. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells can be derived from human embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, or adult human RPE stem cells. Utilizing animal models of RPE and retinal degeneration, stem cell-derived RPE cells have been successfully implanted into the subretinal space. They have been injected as a cell mass or as a pre-prepared monolayer on a thin membrane. Visual recovery has been demonstrated in a retinal dystrophic rat model. Preliminary data on 2 human subjects also demonstrates possible early visual benefit from transplantation of stem cell-derived RPE. As more data is published, and as differentiation and implantation techniques are optimized, the stabilization and possible improvement of vision in individuals with non-exudative macular becomes a real possibility. We conclude that the technologic advances that continue to unfold in both genetic and stem cell research offer optimism in the future treatment of AMD.
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Lee GY, Kang SJ, Lee SJ, Song JE, Joo CK, Lee D, Khang G. Effects of small intestinal submucosa content on the adhesion and proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial cells on SIS-PLGA films. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 11:99-108. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Young Lee
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology and Polymer Fusion Research Centre; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
| | - Su Ji Kang
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology and Polymer Fusion Research Centre; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
| | - So Jin Lee
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology and Polymer Fusion Research Centre; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Song
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology and Polymer Fusion Research Centre; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
| | - Choun-Ki Joo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine; Catholic University; Seoul Korea
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology and Polymer Fusion Research Centre; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science and Technology and Polymer Fusion Research Centre; Chonbuk National University; Jeonju Korea
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Petsch C, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Meyer-Blazejewska E, Frey M, Kruse FE, Bachmann BO. Novel collagen membranes for the reconstruction of the corneal surface. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2378-89. [PMID: 24621144 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
No standardized biomaterial exists for the surgical treatment of persistent corneal erosions and ulcerations. We analyzed the suitability and biocompatibility of defined noncross-linked and UV/riboflavin cross-linked equine type I collagen membranes for the reconstruction of the corneal surface. Isolated human oral mucosa epithelial cells, a cell type in clinical use for the treatment of ocular surface diseases, were subcultivated on both types of membranes and examined concerning cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Biocompatibility was evaluated following superficial and intrastromal corneal transplantation in New Zealand white rabbits. In cell cultures all collagen membranes supported adhesion of oral mucosa epithelial cells leading to the formation of multilayered epithelial cell sheets. After intrastromal corneal implantation clinical signs of degradation were seen in all variants of collagen membranes, which was fastest in noncross-linked variants. The histological and ultrastructural level invasion of keratocytes and production of new collagen fibers inside the collagen membranes could be detected in noncross-linked variants. After superficial corneal implantation covering of the membranes by corneal epithelium over time was visible. Ultrastructural analysis showed a slower rate of degradation and less invading keratocytes in cross-linked variants compared with noncross-linked collagen membranes. Cross-linked and noncross-linked variants of the collagen membrane proofed to be suitable to serve as a carrier for epithelial stem cells in vitro and showed a high biocompatibility in vivo. These results indicate that the tested collagen membranes might be suitable for the reconstruction of the corneal surface in patients with nonhealing ulcerations. Whether membranes with faster or slower degradation properties are preferable for the treatment of persistent corneal ulcerations might depend on the underlying corneal pathology and the degree of concomitant inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Petsch
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen, Germany
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46
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Fujie T, Mori Y, Ito S, Nishizawa M, Bae H, Nagai N, Onami H, Abe T, Khademhosseini A, Kaji H. Micropatterned polymeric nanosheets for local delivery of an engineered epithelial monolayer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1699-1705. [PMID: 24307219 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Like a carpet for cells, micropatterned polymeric nanosheets are developed toward local cell delivery. The nanosheets direct morphogenesis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and allow for the injection of an engineered RPE monolayer through syringe needles without the loss of cell viability. Such an ultrathin carrier has the promise of a minimally invasive delivery of cells into narrow tissue spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Fujie
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan; Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
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47
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Enhancement of retinal pigment epithelial culture characteristics and subretinal space tolerance of scaffolds with 200 nm fiber topography. Biomaterials 2014; 35:2837-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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48
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Kvanta A, Grudzinska MK. Stem cell-based treatment in geographic atrophy: promises and pitfalls. Acta Ophthalmol 2014; 92:21-6. [PMID: 23890249 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Geographic atrophy is a common and untreatable form of advanced age-related macular degeneration. The degeneration primarily affects the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors of the retina and their restoration by cell transplantation seems attractive. Recently, a patient with geographic atrophy was the first human to receive cells derived from human embryonic stem cells. In this short review, the rationale, potential and obstacles for stem cell-derived therapy in geographic atrophy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Kvanta
- Department of Vitreoretinal Diseases, St. Erik Eye Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Sorkio A, Hongisto H, Kaarniranta K, Uusitalo H, Juuti-Uusitalo K, Skottman H. Structure and barrier properties of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells are affected by extracellular matrix protein coating. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:622-34. [PMID: 24044751 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions play a vital role in cell morphology, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. We investigated the role of ECM proteins on the structure and function of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial (hESC-RPE) cells during their differentiation and maturation from hESCs into RPE cells in adherent differentiation cultures on several human ECM proteins found in native human Bruch's membrane, namely, collagen I, collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin, and vitronectin, as well as on commercial substrates of xeno-free CELLstart™ and Matrigel™. Cell pigmentation, expression of RPE-specific proteins, fine structure, as well as the production of basal lamina by hESC-RPE on different protein coatings were evaluated after 140 days of differentiation. The integrity of hESC-RPE epithelium and barrier properties on different coatings were investigated by measuring transepithelial resistance. All coatings supported the differentiation of hESC-RPE cells as demonstrated by early onset of cell pigmentation and further maturation to RPE monolayers after enrichment. Mature RPE phenotype was verified by RPE-specific gene and protein expression, correct epithelial polarization, and phagocytic activity. Significant differences were found in the degree of RPE cell pigmentation and tightness of epithelial barrier between different coatings. Further, the thickness of self-assembled basal lamina and secretion of the key ECM proteins found in the basement membrane of the native RPE varied between hESC-RPE cultured on compared protein coatings. In conclusion, this study shows that the cell culture substrate has a major effect on the structure and basal lamina production during the differentiation and maturation of hESC-RPE potentially influencing the success of cell integrations and survival after cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Sorkio
- 1 Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere , Tampere, Finland
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50
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Current treatment limitations in age-related macular degeneration and future approaches based on cell therapy and tissue engineering. J Ophthalmol 2014; 2014:510285. [PMID: 24672707 PMCID: PMC3941782 DOI: 10.1155/2014/510285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the Western world. With an ageing population, it is anticipated that the number of AMD cases will increase dramatically, making a solution to this debilitating disease an urgent requirement for the socioeconomic future of the European Union and worldwide. The present paper reviews the limitations of the current therapies as well as the socioeconomic impact of the AMD. There is currently no cure available for AMD, and even palliative treatments are rare. Treatment options show several side effects, are of high cost, and only treat the consequence, not the cause of the pathology. For that reason, many options involving cell therapy mainly based on retinal and iris pigment epithelium cells as well as stem cells are being tested. Moreover, tissue engineering strategies to design and manufacture scaffolds to mimic Bruch's membrane are very diverse and under investigation. Both alternative therapies are aimed to prevent and/or cure AMD and are reviewed herein.
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